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A calzone (,, or , ; Italian: , "stocking" or "trouser") is a turnover or folded pizza. It is shaped like a half-moon and made of bread dough. The calzone is folded over and filled with ingredients common to pizza. The typical calzone is stuffed with tomato and mozzarella, and may include other ingredients that are normally associated with pizza toppings.

Regional variations
Sandwich-sized calzones are often sold at Italian lunch counters or by street vendors because they are easy to eat while standing or walking. Fried versions typically filled with tomato and mozzarella, are made in Puglia and are called Panzerotti.

Somewhat related is the Sicilian cuddiruni or cudduruni pizza. This is stuffed with onions (or sometimes other vegetables such as potatoes or broccoli), anchovies, olives, cheese, mortadella: the rolled pizza dough is folded in two over the stuffing and the edge is braided, prior to frying.

Calzone in the United States
In the United States, calzones are characteristically made from pizza dough and stuffed with meats, cheeses, and vegetables. Traditional calzone dough consists of flour, yeast, olive oil, water, and salt. Calzones are similar to stromboli, but traditionally the two are distinct dishes.

As a rule, calzones are usually stuffed with cheeses such as ricotta, mozzarella, Parmesan, Provolone or a type of regional cheese. The dough is folded into a half-moon shape then sealed with an egg wash mixture, or formed into a spherical shape and baked or fried. After cooking, calzones are typically served smothered in marinara sauce or topped with a combination of garlic, olive oil, and parsley.

Scacciata is similar to a calzone but is filled with either broccoli, spinach, potatoes or onions, and sometimes sausage.

History
The history of the calzone can date back to the ancient times of Egypt. The first ever calzone was recorded when a serf made flat bread coated in herbs for the Pharaoh's birthday. Although they did not call it the "calzone", it was considered a major advancement to the diet of Egyptians for the time. Around 1730, various toppings were added to the calzone. These toppings consisted of tomatoes, cheese, sausage, bacon, peperoni and even spinach.

Types of Calzones
Deep Fried Calzone: This specific type of calzone is formed by taking the traditional dough of the calzone and deep frying it. To learn more about the process of deep frying foods visit the Frying page.

Traditional Calzone The traditional calzone consists of a dough that is stuffed with various ingredients. This is the most simple and common procedure to create a calzone.

Nutrition Information
Cheese Calzone: Calories: 730 Sodium: 1800 mg Total Fat: 26 g Potassium: 370 mg Saturated: 14 g Total Carbs: 83 g Polyunsaturated: 3 g Dietary Fiber: 4 g Monounsaturated: 0 g Sugars: 6 g Trans: 0 g Protein: 42 g Cholesterol: 80 mg Vitamin A: 32% Calcium: 81% Vitamin C: 17% Iron: 30%

Ham and Cheese Calzone: Calories: 730 Sodium: 2220 mg Total Fat: 28 g Potassium: 500 mg Saturated: 15 g Total Carbs: 68 g Polyunsaturated: 3 g Dietary Fiber: 3 g Monounsaturated: 0 g Sugars: 6 g Trans: 0 g Protein: 49 g Cholesterol: 125 mg Vitamin A: 32% Calcium: 80% Vitamin C: 17% Iron: 27%

Peperoni Calzone: Calories: 780 Sodium: 2180 mg Total Fat: 37 g Potassium: 350 mg Saturated: 18 g Total Carbs: 67 g Polyunsaturated: 4 g Dietary Fiber: 3 g Monounsaturated: 0 g Sugars: 6 g Trans: 0 g Protein: 45 g Cholesterol: 120 mg Vitamin A: 32% Calcium: 81% Vitamin C: 17% Iron: 26%