User:U.World/Mohammed Sanduk

Mohammed Sanduk (M. I. Sanduk) (محمد عزالدين الصندوق) is an Iraqi born physicist, thinker, and academician. His father  Izzaldeen Sanduk (عزالدين الصندوق)was a member of the pioneering Iraqi archeology department and an artists. During his childhood, Sanduk accompanied his family to excavations. That type of archeologist's life gave Sanduk the opportunity to be in contact with explorations and hidden mysteries of ancient history and to be with persons like Agatha Christie, Prof. Max Mallowan and the Pennsylvania archaeological team. At the age of five the family moved to Kirkuk where his father was working for Iraq Petroleum Company (IPC). Since an early age, Sanduk was interested in reading, science and art. Before attending the university, he won prizes for art designs and published his first book in Particle physics "Mesons" for layman. Sanduk enrolled at University of Baghdad, Physics department. He was among distinguished graduate students and obtained a scholarship for PhD in physics. In 1990 he earned a doctorate in Plasma physics from the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology (UMIST). He is interested in Plasma Physics, transport of charged particles, and the foundation of Quantum Mechanics. In addition to his specialty he is interested in the philosophy of science & technology and painting.

Sanduk has worked in industry and academia, and his last post in Iraq was head of the Laser and Opto-electronics Engineering department in Nahrain University in Baghdad. Owing to his interest in philosophy of science he was a member of the academic staff of Pontifical Babel College for Philosophy and Theology, and a member of Philosophy of Science group in Bayt Al Hikma “House of Wisdom” in Iraq. Currently he lives in Surrey county in UK, with his wife, Zahra' (senior anaesthetist) and two children, Farah and Ali.

Sanduk's Thought
The instability in his country may be the reason why he was devoted himself to his interests in science, philosophy, and art. Sanduk has proposed many ideas within his fields of interest. The scientific logic (of Physics) is the major span in his social considerations.

Physics
In physics, he presented concepts like:

•	Modification of Bohm formula. David Bohm in 1949 proposed an empirical formula explaining a new diffusion phenomena in Plasma physics [2]. In 1997 Sanduk proposed a modification for the well known Bohm diffusion empirical equation.

•	Subquantum existence. In 2007 he published a new consideration for the wave model of particle,. The proposal is based on the Three Wave Hypothesis. His model is of bevel gear form. This model may lead to derive the four dimensional form of special relativity, and may lead to an explanation of the complex wave form on the base of observation problem.

Sanduk’s works show that he believes in “god does not play dice” but the physics experiment is partially sighted in microscopic realm. However, this way of thinking is unacceptable by the Copenhagen Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics. It is a sort of philosophical objection type rather than scientific rejection.

Philosophy of Science & Technology
Within his interest in the philosophy of science & technology, Sanduk presented models like:

•	Using a statistical technique to trace the development of science in Arabic-Islamic and western civilization [6]; in his statistical model showed explicitly the rise and decline of Arabic-Islamic science. This research comes to rather different conclusions regarding the continuation of science after the year AD1000 from George Saliba’s recent study. Sanduk’s discovery may throw light on the historical origins of the present problems of the Arab-Muslim societies. •	Following Auguste Comte's “Three stages model”, Sanduk thinks of the Philosophy of Technology as a forth state of development.

•	The collective behaviour of plasma inspired Sanduk to consider the society through the plasma fluid model. This model may explain the instability in his original country.

Art
Painting is the favorite hobby of Sanduk. He is impressionist and designer. His art studies started at home with his father guidance. According to his word "I am living in world of three dimensions Art, Physics and Philosophy. Any one of my works is created in that 3D space” . He has won many prizes in art competitions like stamp design, anniversary plate design, and has made many contributions to art exhibitions.

Sanduk and David Bohm
Sanduk might not meet David Bohm (1917 –1992) the American physicist and philosopher, but it looks like the American physicist has inspired Sanduk, and one may note many similarities between them. Both had uncomfortable lives in their own countries and came to live in the UK. In 1949 David Bohm proposed his empirical plasma diffusion equation, In 1997 Sanduk proposed an explanation for the factor (1/16) of that equation. They have the same interest in Plasma diffusion. Both have seen their Plasma physics interest reflected in the structure and behavour of societies. Both are interested in the foundation of Quantum Mechanics, and do believe in hidden subquantum.