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This List of German architects covers German architects throughout history.

Before the early 20th century, the term Master Builder (Baumeister) referred to the central figure who lead construction projects in German-speaking countries and can be considered a direct precursor to both the terms architect and engineer.

Baumeister, Dombaumeister and Hofbaumeister
The Master Builder Baumeister assumed the execution of building works of all kinds, including planning and construction management. The term is still a professional title in Austria and Switzerland today. In Germany, however, the term is longer used in its original meaning.

Historically, Master Builders were mostly skilled stonemasons, bricklayers, carpenters, and sometimes came from other professions such as plasterer. Their apprenticeship usually began at age 13. After their journeyman and apprenticeship exams, the candidate would then work as a travelling journeyman in the Wanderjahre, a tradition from medieval times that is still alive in German-speaking countries today. To gain the title of Master, they would be required to produce a masterpiece, the historic name for a piece of work produced by an apprentice or journeyman aspiring to become a master craftsman in the old European guild system. Originally, the term masterpiece referred to a piece of work produced by an apprentice or journeyman aspiring to become a master craftsman in the old European guild system. Personal aptitude and perseverance were decisive for the successful pursuit of the business. Later came the Baugewerkschulen - analogous today to technical colleges - whose attendance was mandatory in order to obtain a master builder title. In the 19th century, Master Builders were responsible from design to implementation. They differed from today's "architect" in that they typically owned a construction company in addition to a Design Studio.

Dombauhütte (Cathedral building workshop) master builder of cathedrals, or Baudommeister Tummaister (or "Cathedral Architect")

Baubeamter
Baubeamter is the old German word which means an architect, master builder, urban planner, civil engineer or mechanical engineer working specifically for the government from the 18th century until the early 20th century.

The Kingdom of Prussia divided its Baubeamter into 4 classifications: Bauräte: Chief Government Architect Bauinspektor: Building Inspector Regierungsbaumeister: Government Master Builder Regierungsbauführer: Government Construction Guid

In Prussia an additional layer of provincial government was common, with architects/engineering titles prefixed with Landes- or Provinzial-. Hence an architect at the provincial building inspector level would be called Landesbauinspektor.

The Kingdom of Saxony used slightly different terminology: Oberlandbaumeister: Chief Architect of the State Landbaumeister: Provincial Architect Bauinspektor: Building Inspector Regierungsbaumeister: Government Master Builder

Time Periods
mirrors the complexity of German history.

Art Nouveau
Art Nouveau in Germany is commonly known by the term Jugendstil ("youth style" in English). The name is taken from the journal Die Jugend founded in 1896 by Georg Hirth. It espoused the new artistic movement and was instrumental in promoting the style in Cenral Europe. During the early 20th century, the word was applied mainly to two-dimensional examples of the graphic arts, Today Jugendstil is applied to all manifestations of Art Nouveau art and architecture in Germany, the Netherlands, the Baltic states, and Nordic countries. The two main centers for Jugendstil in Germany were Munich and Darmstadt, in particular the Darmstadt Artists' Colony Mathildenhöhe


 * Tummaister of Regensburg "Cathedral Architect"
 * became Baudommeister "Master Builder of Cathedrals"
 * Dombaumeister


 * Oberingenieur (senior engineer) by Frederick William I, Elector of Brandenburg, in 1684.
 * Ingenieur-Oberst (engineer colonel) within the General Staff.
 * Oberbaudirektor (senior architectural director)

Third Reich
The National Socialist period was especially complex for architecture and architects, as with all professions in Germany. In April 1933, shortly after the Nazi seizure of power, all government institutions and universities became subject to the "Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service." Political opponents and especially Jewish employees were expelled from their jobs. Hundreds of architects were forced to emigrate by the dictatorship, many travelling to the United Kingdom and the United States. These were not only prominent modernists like Walter Gropius, Erich Mendelsohn, Erwin Gutkind, Arthur Korn and Marcel Breuer, but also less well known traditionalists. A few successfully managed to regain a foothold in their new environments, while for others exile meant the end of their career.

At the same time, the Third Reich began a massive building program. Nazi architecture is the term applied to the architectural style and theory sanctioned by the regime. It is characterized by three forms: a stripped-down, monumental neoclassicism typified by the designs of Albert Speer; a vernacular style that drew upon traditional rural architecture and the völkisch movement; and a utilitarian style used in major infrastructure and military complexes such as the Autobahn and the Atlantic Wall. Characteristic of the style was a rejection of "modernity" exemplified by the Bauhaus, which the Nazi's called the "the cathedral of Marxism."

While not all architects who worked in Germany during this period were Nazis, many acquiesced to the regime in order to continue to work, and the most ardent set up a para-governmental propaganda unit called the Kampfbund deutscher Architekten und Ingenieure (KDAI). These architects actively attacked the modern style in openly racist and political tones.

NSDAP member

Historicism

 * Hermann Eggert (1844–1920)
 * Franz Heinrich Schwechten (1841–1924)
 * Gottfried Semper (1803–1879)
 * Georg Hermann Nicolai (1812–1881)

Architectural realism

 * Constantin Lipsius (1832–1894)
 * Paul Wallot (1841–1912)

Jugendstil (Art Nouveau)



 * Fritz Schumacher (1869–1947) – also an urban designer
 * Carl Moritz (1863–1944)

Traditionalism

 * Rudolf Jacobs (1879–1946)

Expressionism

 * Dominikus Böhm (1880–1955)
 * Fritz Höger (1877–1949)
 * Erich Mendelsohn (1887–1953)
 * Alfred Runge (1881–1946)
 * Eduard Scotland (1885–1945)

Neue Moderne

 * Peter Behrens (1868–1940)
 * Eberhard Gildemeister (1897–1978)
 * Walter Hohmann (1880–1945) – also a civil engineer
 * Rudolf Jacobs (1879–1946)
 * Paul Schneider-Esleben (1915–2005)
 * Bruno Taut (1880–1938)
 * Emilie Winkelmann (1875–1951)

Bauhaus

 * Lucy Hillebrand (1906–1997)

Internationalism



 * Stephan Braunfels (born 1950)
 * Dörte Gatermann (born 1956)
 * Helmut Jahn (born 1940) also a designer
 * Ludwig Mies van der Rohe (1886–1969)

Deconstructivism

 * Günther Behnisch (born 1922)
 * Elisabeth Böhm (born 1921)
 * Gottfried Böhm (born 1920)

High tech

 * Frei Otto (1925–2015) – also a research scientist

Eco tec

 * Hans Kollhoff (born 1946)

Contemporary modernist

 * Annabelle Selldorf (born early 1960s) – architect in New York
 * Sergei Enwerowitsch Tschoban (born 1962) – Russian-born

Sustainable architecture

 * Anna Heringer (born 1977)