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Fyodor Fivejskij was born in Moscow in 1931 in an artist family. He studied at the Choreographic School, after which in 1940-1949 he studied in the Bolshoi Theater of the USSR. In 1949 - 1951 he worked as a ballet dancer in the troupe of the State Academic Bolshoi Theater of the USSR.

Simultaneously with his work at the Bolshoi Theater, Fivejskij became interested in sculpturing. After working for two years there, 20-year-old Fyodor Fiveisky decided to take a chance, and without preparation passed the entrance exams at the [|Surikov’s Moscow State Institute of Art]. He received high scores, and was admitted in 1951 to the Faculty of Sculpture, where until 1957 he studied at the workshop of M.G. Manizer. After 1957 he began to participate in exhibitions.

The graduation work of Fyodor Fivejskij at the V.Surikov’s Moscow State Art Institute became the sculpture "Stronger than Death", depicting Soviet prisoners of war. The easel sculpture depicts the patriotic image of three fighters who are ready to die for their beliefs, boldly looking death in the eyes. Their images are inspired by the heroism of the Great Patriotic War. The figures are presented plastically in detail, the harsh facial expressions, tense postures and forms of strong young bodies overcoming physical suffering are figuratively conveyed. (Lev Romanovich Varshavsky) The work was shown at the VI World Festival of Youth and Students in Moscow and the jury awarded her with a gold medal. In 1958 the sculpture was exhibited at the World Exhibition in Brussels. These three captives give the impression of monumentality and dedication, akin to other monuments of the Great War, such as the monument to the liberator soldier in Treptower Park in Berlin or Vuchetich's Motherland on Mamayev Kurgan. The composition "Stronger than Death" was installed in Auschwitz, but in the post-Soviet period it was withdrawn from the exhibition.

Since 1958 he was a member of the USSR Union of Artists.

A model of the monument to the first cosmonaut Yu.A. Gagarin was created by Fivejskij  in the late 70s. The height of the plaster sculpture is 109 cm. The model is made by the artist in plaster.

For more than 60 years of creative activity F. Fivejskij created many portraits of the art intelligentsia: M. Plisetskaya, V. Vasiliev, G.S. Ulanova, A.N. Ermolaev, R. Rozhdestvensky and many others. Among the many works of the author in the memorial complex at the Novodevichy cemetery in Moscow is the tombstone of G.S. Ulanova, opened in June 2001.

Fyodor Fivejskij died on December 15, 2017 and was buried in Moscow at the Khimki cemetery.