User:VJtech1

{"parse":{"title":"Computer","pageid":7878457,"text":{"*":" Etymology [ edit] \n<img alt=\"A human computer.\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/X-4_with_Female_Computer_-_GPN-2000-001932.jpg/250px-X-4_with_Female_Computer_-_GPN-2000-001932.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"200\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/X-4_with_Female_Computer_-_GPN-2000-001932.jpg/375px-X-4_with_Female_Computer_-_GPN-2000-001932.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/X-4_with_Female_Computer_-_GPN-2000-001932.jpg/500px-X-4_with_Female_Computer_-_GPN-2000-001932.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"3000\" data-file-height=\"2400\" /> A human computer, with microscope and calculator, 1952  \n According to the Oxford English Dictionary, the first known use of computer was in a 1613 book called The Yong Mans Gleanings by the English writer Richard Brathwait: \"I haue &#32;&#91;sic&#93; read the truest computer of Times, and the best Arithmetician that euer &#32;&#91;sic&#93; breathed, and he reduceth thy dayes into a short number.\" This usage of the term referred to a <a href=\"/wiki/Human_computer\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Human computer\">human computer</a>, a person who carried out calculations or computations. The word continued with the same meaning until the middle of the 20th century. During the latter part of this period women were often hired as computers because they could be paid less than their male counterparts.<sup id=\"cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEvans201823_1-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEvans201823-1\">&#91;1&#93;</a> By 1943, most human computers were women.<sup id=\"cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith20136_2-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith20136-2\">&#91;2&#93;</a> \n The <a href=\"/wiki/Online_Etymology_Dictionary\" title=\"Online Etymology Dictionary\">Online Etymology Dictionary</a> gives the first attested use of computer in the 1640s, meaning 'one who calculates'; this is an \"agent noun from compute (v.)\". The Online Etymology Dictionary states that the use of the term to mean <span style=\"padding-right:.15em;\">\" 'calculating machine' (of any type) is from 1897.\" The Online Etymology Dictionary indicates that the \"modern use\" of the term, to mean 'programmable digital electronic computer' dates from \"1945 under this name; [in a] theoretical [sense] from 1937, as <a href=\"/wiki/Turing_machine\" title=\"Turing machine\">Turing machine</a>\".<sup id=\"cite_ref-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-3\">&#91;3&#93;</a> \n \n<div class=\"mw-references-wrap\"><ol class=\"references\">\n<li id=\"cite_note-FOOTNOTEEvans201823-1\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEvans201823_1-0\">^</a> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a href=\"#CITEREFEvans2018\">Evans 2018</a>, p.&#160;23. \n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith20136-2\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith20136_2-0\">^</a> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a href=\"#CITEREFSmith2013\">Smith 2013</a>, p.&#160;6. \n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-3\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-3\">^</a> <span class=\"reference-text\"><style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1133582631\">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:\"\\\"\"\"\\\"\"\"'\"\"'\"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg\")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg\")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg\")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg\")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit} <cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=computer\">\"computer (n.)\"</a>. Online Etymology Dictionary. <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20161116065135/http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=computer\">Archived</a> from the original on 16 November 2016<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">19 August 2021. <span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Online+Etymology+Dictionary&amp;rft.atitle=computer+%28n.%29&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2Findex.php%3Fterm%3Dcomputer&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComputer\" class=\"Z3988\"> \n</li>\n</ol>  "}}}