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Billy G. Hudson, Ph.D. is an American biochemist, Elliot V. Newman Professor of Medicine, and Professor of Biochemistry, Cell and Developmental Biology, and Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology at Vanderbilt University and Vanderbilt University Medical Center.

Springer is best known for his pioneering work in discovering the first integrins and intercellular adhesion molecules (ICAMs)  and elucidating how these cell adhesion molecules function in the immune system.

His innovative use of monoclonal antibodies in his research paved the way for the development of therapeutic antibodies, known as selective adhesion molecule inhibitors, to treat autoimmune diseases.

In recent years, Springer's research interest has expanded to include malaria, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling molecules, and von Willebrand factor.

Education and training
Springer attended the University of California, Berkeley where he majored in Biochemistry. After graduating Phi Beta Kappa with Distinction and the Departmental Citation, he went on to do his Ph.D. in the lab of Jack Strominger at Harvard University. Following his graduate work, Springer received his postdoctoral training under the guidance of César Milstein at the University of Cambridge.

Research focus
His lab elucidated different steps in the homing process of lymphocytes with a special focus on the integrin LFA-1. His research encompasses the cell adhesion molecules and chemotactic signals involved in lymphocyte migration in health and disease.

Business career
When Moderna Therapeutics launched its IPO in December 2018, Springer became the company's fourth-largest shareholder and made $400 million, after investing $5 million in the startup early on. Earlier, he had made around $100 on his first venture LeukoSite, which in 1999 had been bought by Millennium Pharmaceuticals. Springer is also a founder of biotechnology companies Morphic Therapeutic and Scholar Rock.

Philanthropy
In 2017, Springer co-founded the Institute for Protein Innovation (IPI), a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization. Springer donated a $10 million foundational grant to the IPI.

Awards

 * 1993 American Heart Association Basic Research Prize
 * 1995 Cancer Research Institute William B. Coley Award
 * 1996 Member, National Academy of Sciences
 * 2001 Fellow, American Academy of Arts and Sciences
 * 2004 Crafoord Prize
 * 2004 Guggenheim Fellowship
 * 2013 AAAS Fellow
 * 2014 AAI-Life Technologies Meritorious Career Award, American Association of Immunologists
 * 2014 Henry M. Stratton Medal American Society of Hematology
 * 2019 Canada Gairdner International Award

Selected publications

 * Doud, M.B., Koksal, A.C., Mi, L-Z., Song, G. Lu, C., Springer, T.A.. (2012) An unexpected fold in the circumsporozoite protein target of malaria vaccines. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 109: 7817-22. 10.1073/pnas.1205737109..
 * Springer, T.A. and Dustin, M.L.. (2012) Integrin Inside-Out Signaling and the Immunological Synapse. Curr Opin Cell Biol 24: 107-115. 10.1016/j.ceb.2011.10.004..
 * Shi, M., Zhu, J., Wang, R., Chen, X., Mi, L., Walz, T., Springer, T.A.. (2011) Latent TGF-β structure and activation. Nature 474: 343-349. 10.1038/nature10152..