User:Wakewater

Hogreaver or Hog Reeve: an elected position in many colonial American communities that was responsible for the control and termination of wild hogs that were a nuisance because of crop damage or other similar pestilence.

New England towns appointed hog reeves (officers charted with the prevention or appraising of damages by stray swine). Hogs were usually supposed to be yoked (wear collars) and have rings in their noses, which reduced the amount of damage they could do to gardens and crops by rooting. This was not a minor concern, because this food was necessary for human survival. There were punishments established for failure to control animals. The fine in Chelsea was "10 shillings for each swine for every time it is found without a keeper." But, the damaged party had to have an adequate fence, as in 1643 Virginia where "if he be deficient therein, what damage he shall systeyne by hoggs, goats or cattle whatsoever shall be to his own losse and detriment." Wandering livestock were called "estrays," they were "taken up," and they often were taken to the "pound." Notice of such actions are found in town records and county court minutes.

If the owner of a hog had not 'rung' and 'yoked' their hogs, and they got loose and became a nuisance in the community, one or more of the men assigned as Hog Reeve would be responsible for capturing the animal and performing the necessary chore for the owner; who could legally be charged a small fee for the service.

Reeve" derives from the same root as the "riff" in sheriff, and a hog reeve rounded up stray hogs. He turned them over to the pound keeper, who fed them until claimed by the owner, who paid set fees.

An elected position in early New Hampshire townships. Settlers often let livestock graze in the woods around their fields, or on the town "common." Even if these animals were fenced, early fences were often inadequate to restrain stray animals. As a result, each town chose a hog reeve, who assumed custody of livestock that strayed into cultivated fields. Wandering livestock were called "estrays." They were "taken up," often to the "pound," where their owners could retrieve them after paying a small fine. This position was also responsible for appraising damages by stray swine, and for ordering restitution.

Read more: http://cowhampshire.blogharbor.com/blog/_archives/2006/4/8/1871255.html#ixzz1TLdLTLX8 Under Creative Commons License: Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives