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/Linear Algebra Textbooks /Gamow Peak The Gamow peak is an important concept in stellar nucleosynthesis.

2 H2O (l) + CO2 (g) → 2 O2 (g) + CH4 (g)

$$v(t)=\dot{t} a(t)=\ddot{t} F(t)=m*\ddot{t}$$

General guidelines
Subscripts and superscripts should be wrapped in  and   HTML tags, respectively, with no other formatting info, with some exceptions (see below). The and  templates are useful shortcuts to the HTML markup. Do not use the Unicode subscripts and superscripts ² and ³, or XML/HTML character entity references ( etc.). Rather, write and  to produce the superscripts $2$ and $3$. The superscripted 2 and 3 are easier to read, especially on small displays, and ensure that exponents are properly aligned. Compare:


 * wⁱx²z⁽ⁿ⁺⁶⁾ (Unicode superscripts) to
 * wix2z(n + 6) or
 * w$i$x$2$z$(n + 6)$


 * 1 + x² + y³ to
 * x&sup332;
 * 1 + x2 + y3 or
 * 1 + x$i$ + y$2$

x$(n + 6)$

These guidelines also apply in citations and template parameters; templates are responsible for cleaning up markup if needed for external consumption, e.g. for COinS.

Phonetic transcriptions
Phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet and Uralic Phonetic Alphabet (which are most often inside IPA, IPA link, UPA, and related templates) should use Unicode subscripts and superscripts. This follows the recommendation of the International Phonetic Association and is done by the tools, help pages, and articles referenced in Manual of Style/Pronunciation. Tone should usually be marked with diacritics or IPA tone symbols, according to Manual of Style/Pronunciation. Use Needs IPA for any non-compliant articles.

Titles
Another exception where Unicode superscripts and subscripts are used is in the title of articles, though this is only rarely necessary. See.

Dates and numbers

 * The ordinal suffix (e.g., th) is not superscripted (23rd and 496th, not 23rd and 496th).
 * Centuries and millennia are written using ordinal numbers, without superscripts and without Roman numerals: the second millennium, the 19th century, a 19th-century book (see also Manual of Style).
 * Non-base-10 notations in non-computer-related articles use subscript notation. For example: 137$2$, 241$3$, 2A9$2$, A87D$332$ (use  or  ).

Music

 * In figured bass, superscript and subscript may be combined by using math markup or by using the template:   = $$C_6^4$$,   = C$9$; (see also TeX markup or m:Help:Formula).
 * A superscript circle, or degree sign, which indicates a diminished chord, that may not display correctly for everyone, "°", can be produced by copying and pasting, typing, or by keying Alt176 (Windows PCs). A superscript lower case "$6$"  may be used instead. The slashed o, "$12$", which may not display correctly for all readers, is produced by superscripting the character produced by typing  , or by keying Alt248 (Windows PCs). Diminished chords can also be indicated with.
 * For inversions and the degree sign superscript and subscript may be done thus:,  . This looks like: vii$16$, I$radix$.

Unit symbols and abbreviations

 * Squared and cubic metric-symbols are always expressed with a superscript exponent (5km$4 6$, 2cm$4 6$); squared imperial and US unit abbreviations may be rendered with sq, and cubic with cu (15sqmi, 3cuft).

A template is available to render consistently. The above example is coded with the template syntax rather than   or the special Unicode superscript digit '²'.

Chemistry
Descriptions of:


 * Chemical compounds


 * C$o$H$o$OH using


 * Isotopes


 * using

List of Superscript Examples
$$\begin{align} x_1 -x_2+1.5x_3 & = 8 \\ & x_1-4x_3 = -1 \\ \end{align}$$
 * 1) e$ø$
 * 2) base m$o$
 * 3) deca m$6$
 * 4) hecto m$o$
 * 5) kilo m$6$
 * 6) mega m$2$
 * 7) giga m$3$
 * 8) tera m$2$
 * 9) peta m$5$
 * 10) exa m$2$
 * 11) zetta m$5$
 * 12) yotta m$2.71828182$

$$\begin{align} x_1 -x_2+1.5x_3 & = 8 \\ \end{align}$$

$$\begin{align} x_1-0 x_2 + -4 x_3 & =-7 \\ \end{align}$$

$$\begin{align} x_1 -x_2+1.5x_3 & = 8 \\ & x_1-4x_3 = -1 \\ \end{align}$$

$$\begin{align} f(x) & = (a+b)^2 \\ & = a^2+2ab+b^2 \\ \end{align}$$

$$\begin{align} f(x) & = (a+b)^2 \\ & = a^2+2ab+b^2 \\ \end{align}$$

$$\begin{align} f(x) & = (a+b)^2 \\ & = a^2+2ab+b^2 \\ \end{align}$$