User:WeiJiang 2330/sandbox

Flood Events in Pakistan[edit]
Flooding is Pakistan's most threatening natural disaster. There have been eight floods in Pakistan in the last two decades.

Common Causes of Flooding in Pakistan[edit]
The frequency of floods has been increasing over time. The causes of floods can be divided into natural (climate changes) and human-influenced aspects (improper urban developments). Climate changes are the primary cause of rising Pakistan's flooding, while others are deforestation, etc.

2020 Karachi Floods[edit]
It has been the worst flooding since 1931 in Karachi, killing at least 41 people and leaving hundreds of thousands trapped. The record monsoon rains with inadequate drainage systems in the city caused this flood. The heavy rainfalls shattered all-time records for rainfall in a single day and other records. During August 2020, 484 mm of rain fell and was the highest amount of rain in August back to 1931. The rainfall for a single day set a new record of 223.5 mm, surpassing the previous high of 211.3 mm set in 1967.

Landslides, infrastructure damage, and traffic jams caused by this accident, bring great inconvenience to the daily lives of around 15 million citizens in this large city.

Urban Conditions in the Flood[edit]
Flooding engulfed the city, Karachi, bringing everything to a halt. There was a devastating damage to public infrastructures (such as broken electricity cables) and private properties (such as buildings collapsed). These damages also brought about a series of subsequent crises, with eight citizens dying in Karachi resulting from a wall collapse.

New Planning and Governance Measures[edit]
The 2020 Karachi flood revealed the collapse of the city's infrastructure and the absence of improper government governance. Faced with this situation, the government should lead more significant planning, monitoring, and maintenance processes for Karachi with the participation of communities and well-experienced institutions.