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IQ and Human Intelligence is a textbook on the topics of IQ testing and theories of human intelligence by N. J. Mackintosh. Both the first edition (1998) and second edition (2011) of the textbook have been used in courses on human intelligence at universities around the world, for example Caltech. Both editions of the textbook received favorable reviews from many researchers on intelligence.

Background
Both editions of IQ and Human Intelligence were written by Nicholas Mackintosh, F.R.S., Emeritus Professor in the Department of Experimental Psychology, Cambridge University, United Kingdom. He previously wrote the books The Psychology of Animal Learning (Academic Press, 1974) and Conditioning and Associative Learning (Oxford University Press, 1983) and edited the books Animal Learning and Cognition (Academic Press, 1994), Learning and Skills (Longman, 1995), and Cyril Burt: Fraud or Framed (Oxford University Press, 1995). Mackintosh has written numerous scientific journal articles on intelligence research. The 1998 first edition of the textbook brought university textbooks on human intelligence up to date on such topics as the Flynn effect. The 2011 second edition responded to new research findings with chapter updates and responded to reviews of the first edition with a considerable reorganization of the book's content.

First edition 1998
The 1998 first edition reviewed the history of the development of theories of human intelligence and of practice in IQ testing with a focus on the individual differences tradition in psychology. The textbook introduced the standard topics of a course on human intelligence and IQ testing and also related newly discovered data to controversial issues surrounding the topics. Chapter 1, "The early development and uses of IQ tests", includes quotations from the writings of Francis Galton and Mackintosh's own translations from the French writings of Alfred Binet. Mackintosh reported that Galton's early mental tests had little validity as tests of intelligence and that Binet had a practical rather than theoretical orientation in designing his tests used in school placement in French schools. By the year of Binet’s death, 1911, Binet and Simon had published a test battery with item content that could distinguish contemporary mental ages in French children from age 3 to age 10. Thus Binet began the practice of scoring intelligence tests on a normative (that is, relative) basis. Mackintosh noted that IQ tests ever since have been normed, directly or indirectly, in part by comparison with the Binet-Simon test, and many IQ test items are scarcely changed from those in that test from a century ago. Chapter 2, "Psychometric theories of intelligence", gives an overview of theories of human intelligence from the point of view of psychologists who study individual differences. Chapter 3, "The heritability of IQ", corrects some common misconceptions about heritability of IQ. Chapter 4, "Environmental effects on IQ", includes a detailed discussion of the worldwide trend of rising IQ scores, much researched by James R. Flynn. Mackintosh noted that Flynn's observations have prompted much new research in psychology and "demolish some long-cherished beliefs, and raise a number of other interesting issues along the way." Chapter 5, "Group differences", discusses the contentious issue of differing levels of average IQ among various social groups. Chapter 6, "Factor analysis and the structure of human abilities", discusses the general factor of intelligence and evidence for that from "common manifold", and competing theories that emphasize distinct human mental abilities. Chapter 7, "The search for general intelligence: simple behavioural and neurological correlates of IQ", reports on the difficult research involved in finding neurological correlates to IQ. Chapter 8, "The search for cognitive operations underlying specific components of IQ: verbal and spatial abilities", describes cognitive psychology research on special abilities. Chapter 9, "Fluid intelligence, reasoning, and problem solving", points out some of the distinctions between intelligence as estimated by IQ tests and real-world problem-solving. Chapter 10, "Theories of intelligence", sums up the latest theoretical developments to 1998.

Second edition 2011
The second edition includes a new chapter on aspects of intelligence such as social and emotional intelligence. It follows suggestions from reviews of the first edition about reorganization of the book's topic order. In Chapter 1, "The early development and uses of IQ tests", Mackintosh updates his historical account from the first edition. In Chapter 2, "Psychometric theories of intelligence", he mentions that the Wechsler intelligence scales were originally developed from earlier intelligence scales by David Wechsler. The first Wechsler test published was the Wechsler-Bellevue Scale in 1939. Contrary to some authors, IQ scores make up an ordinal rather than an interval scale. Chapter 3, "The search for cognitive processes underlying components of IQ: Gs or speed and efficiency of information processing", updates his earlier discussion of simple behavioral correlates of IQ. Chapter 4, "Verbal, spatial and fluid abilities: Gc, Gv and Gf", provides new details about the current theory of underlying factors in human intelligence. Chapter 5, "Associative learning, working memory and executive control", relates the new research on attention control and working memory to classical studies of human intelligence. Chapter 6, "Intelligence and the brain", updates the earlier edition's account of neuroscience research related to intelligence. Chapter 7, "Theories of g", discusses what different scholars think the general factor arises from and how it is related to special abilities. Chapter 8, "The stability of IQ and the rise and fall of intelligence", describes the psychometric properties of IQ tests such as reliability (stability of scores). Mackintosh notes that IQ tests generally are reliable enough that most people ages ten and older have similar IQ scores throughout life. Chapter 9, "The predictive validity of IQ - and its limits", discusses what can be known and what cannot be known about life outcomes from a person's IQ score. Chapter 10, "Is this all? Multiple aspects of intelligence", discusses new views of human intelligence proposed to supplement mainstream general intelligence theory. Chapter 11, "Heritability: Kinship studies and single genes", updates the previous edition's discussion of heritability, adding new data from human genetic studies. In chapter 12, "The environment: secular changes and social class", Mackintosh updates his analysis of environmental influences on IQ in light of the huge increases in IQ over time known as the Flynn effect. He notes that some scholars think a reduction in inbreeding contributed to a genetic improvement in IQ, but Mackintosh notes that James Flynn has pointed out that even if everyone mated with a sibling in 1900, subsequent increases in heterosis would not be a sufficient explanation of the observed IQ gains. Chapter 13, "Group differences", updates the previous edition's discussion of group differences with reference to ethnic groups. Chapter 14, "Sex differences", specifically focuses on male-female differences in intelligence. Chapter 15, "Epilogue", sums up the book and points to further research issues still to be resolved.

Style
The book has a conversational style noted by reviewers. It is written for readability by undergraduate students, and in its second edition has review paragraphs summarizing the main points of each chapter.

Analysis
Both editions of IQ and Human Intelligence take a historical approach to the development of theories of human intelligence. Reviewers noted some unusual choices of topic order in the first edition, and some topics were presented in a new order in the second edition.

Publication
The book was promoted by Oxford University Press sending sample copies to university faculty for adoption as a textbook.

Reception
Thomas J. Bouchard, Jr.'s review of the 1998 edition in the journal Science included much praise for the textbook. "Mackintosh's analysis of purported environmental influences on intelligence is one of the most thoughtful in the literature." A review in Reference and Research Book News also praised the first edition. Intelligence research Ian Deary wrote capsule reviews of current books on human intelligence in his 2001 book Intelligence: A Very Short Introduction, praising Mackintosh's 1998 edition of IQ and Human Intelligence as "the best book" for detail and broad coverage of the topic.