User:Wikidea/Economics and law sources

Economics and law sources.

General history

 * 100 BC -  Constitutional law, Criminal law, family law
 * Gaius (130-180), Lex est quod populus iubet atque constituit (Institutiones 1.2.3)
 * Justinian's Corpus Juris Civilis (529) and Institutes
 * William the Conqueror (1066), Magna Carta, the Domesday book and the common law
 * 1600 AD - International law and administrative law
 * 1700 -  Human rights, civil liberties
 * Code Napoleon (1804) and the Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch (1881-1900)
 * British Empire, Commonwealth of Nations, Privy Council
 * 1900 -  Public international law, particularly international institutions
 * Welfare state, International Labour Organisation
 * United Nations, World Trade Organisation and the European Union

Rationality

 * Homo economicus
 * Reasonable man
 * Thomas Hobbes, Leviathan (1648)
 * Baruch Spinoza, Tractatus de Intellectus Emendatione (1660)
 * John Locke, An Essay Concerning Human Understanding (1690)
 * David Hume, A Treatise of Human Nature (1739) and An Enquiry concerning Human Understanding (1748)
 * Jeremy Bentham, Introduction to Principles of Morals and Legislation (1789)
 * Albert Einstein (1879-1955), Theory of Relativity (1905)
 * John Forbes Nash and game theory
 * Ludwig Wittgenstein, Philosophical Investigations (1951)
 * RH Frank, T Gilovich, DT Regan, 'Does Studying Economics Inhibit Cooperation?' (1993) 7(2) Journal of Economic Perspectives 159-171

Method

 * Lionel Robbins
 * Milton Friedman, The Methodology of Positive Economics (1953)

Distribution and production

 * Aristotle, Ethics
 * Institutiones, 3.305, tantum bona valent, quantum vendi possunt (goods are worth as much as they can be sold for)
 * Thomas Aquinas, Summa Theologica (1274)
 * Lex mercatoria and just price
 * John Locke and the labour theory of value
 * Lord Mansfield, good faith, etc
 * Adam Smith, The Theory of Moral Sentiments (1759)
 * Karl Marx and the theory of exploitation and alienation
 * Stanley Jevons, Carl von Menger, Leon Walras, theory of marginal utility
 * Alfred Marshall and supply and demand
 * Pareto efficiency, Kaldor-Hicks efficiency and X-efficiency

Accountability

 * Courts
 * Heydon's case, Pepper v Hart [1993] AC 593, AG of Belize v Belize Telecom Ltd [2009] UKPC
 * European Convention on Human Rights, International Court of Justice, International Criminal Court


 * Markets
 * Adam Smith, Wealth of Nations (1776)
 * David Ricardo, On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation (1817)
 * Karl Marx, Das Kapital
 * John Maynard Keynes, The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money (1936)


 * Opinion
 * John Stuart Mill, On Liberty (1859)
 * BBC and The Times
 * Media regulation


 * Vote
 * Second Reform Act 1867 debates (1867) and history of democracy
 * Parliament Acts 1911 and 1949
 * Parliamentary democracy, representative government
 * United Kingdom, United States, European Union, United Nations
 * Bush v Gore 531 U.S. 98 (2000)

Microeconomics

 * 200BC -  Contract, tort, unjust enrichment, property (BC)
 * 1200AD -  Trusts and equity (12th century)
 * 1600 -  Intellectual property (16th century)
 * 1800 -  Labour law, company law, competition law (19th century)
 * 1900 -  Consumer protection, discrimination law, social security

Foundations of private law

 * Property
 * Aristotle (384-322BC), Nicomachean Ethics, on the origins of equity and the distinction to law and 1132a-1132b, saying the purpose of justice is to maintain an equilibrium of goods among members of society.
 * Friedrich Carl von Savigny (1779-1861) Das Recht des Besitzes (1803), System des heutigen Römischen Rechts (1805) and the University of Berlin (1810)
 * Armory v Delamirie (1722) 1 Strange 505
 * Mabo v Queensland (No 2) (1992) 175 CLR 1


 * Trusts and equity (12th century)
 * Keech v Sandford (1726) 25 ER 223
 * Pension law
 * Intellectual property (16th century)


 * Contract
 * Pied Piper of Hamelin by Robert Browning (1842) and Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1803) and Rumpelstilzchen
 * Pacta sunt servanda
 * Freedom of contract, property and the right to vote
 * Patrick Atiyah, The Rise and Fall of Freedom of Contract (1979)


 * Carlill v Carbolic Smoke Ball Co [1892] EWCA Civ 1 and objectivity
 * Hadley v Baxendale (1854) 9 Exch 341 and fairness
 * Paradine v Jane (1647) Aleyn 26 and compensation
 * J Spurling Ltd v Bradshaw [1956] 1 WLR 461, Thornton v Shoe Lane Parking Ltd [1971] 2 QB 163, Interfoto Picture Library Ltd v Stiletto Visual Programmes Ltd [1989] QB 433 and consent


 * Unjust enrichment
 * Hugo Grotius (1583-1645) Introduction to the Jurisprudence of Holland
 * Misrepresentation
 * Advertising and JK Galbraith
 * Undue influence, duress, unconscionability and inequality of bargaining power
 * Allcard v Skinner (1887) 36 Ch D 145
 * Unfair Contract Terms Bill
 * Williams v. Walker-Thomas Furniture Co., 350 F.2d 445 (C.A. D.C. 1965) and Lloyds Bank Ltd v Bundy [1975] QB 326


 * Tort
 * Sir Anthony Fitzherbert (1470-1538), New Natura Brevium (1534)
 * Nuisance and the protection of property
 * Ronald Coase, 'The Problem of Social Cost' (1960) 1 JLE 1 and Richard Posner, Paul Samuelson, Kenneth Arrow etc
 * Professional negligence
 * Donoghue v Stevenson [1932] AC 562 and consumer protection
 * Winterbottom v Wright (1842) 152 ER 402, Rylands v Fletcher [1868] UKHL 1, Bamford v Turnley (1860) 122 ER 25


 * Vicarious liability, Common employment, contributory negligence, volenti non fit injuria and Workplace health and safety
 * Charles Dickens, David Copperfield
 * If contract is free and the market is free, then what are these laws doing?

Labour

 * Karl Marx, Das Kapital (1867)
 * Sir Henry James Sumner Maine, Ancient Law (1864) and the move from status to contract
 * International Labour Organisation (1919), the League of Nations, and a new kind of constitutional law
 * Woodrow Wilson, David Lloyd George
 * Discrimination law, dismissal and "At will employment"
 * Wrongful dismissal and Unfair dismissal
 * Wilson v Racher [1974] ICR 428
 * National Minimum Wage Act 1998
 * Beatrice Webb and Sidney Webb, History of Trade Unionism (1894) and Industrial Democracy (1897)
 * Trade Union Act 1871, Trade Disputes Act 1906 and the history of labour law
 * Taff Vale Railway Co v Amalgamated Society of Railway Servants [1901] AC 426
 * Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
 * National Labour Relations Act
 * Codetermination
 * Bullock Report 1977, Mitbestimmungsgesetz of 1976, EC Draft Fifth Directive on Company Law 1975
 * Mitbestimmungsgesetz Urteil BVerGE 50, 290, Bullock Report (1977)

Companies

 * South Sea Bubble (1719) and Keech v Sandford (1726) 25 ER 223


 * Joint Stock Companies Act 1856 and history of company law
 * Foss v Harbottle, Salomon v A Solomon & Co Ltd


 * Adolf Berle, The Modern Corporation and Private Property (1932)


 * Ralph Nader, Taming the Corporate Giant (1976) KF1414 N13; The consumer and corporate accountability (1973) HC110.C63 N13
 * Hutton v West Cork Railway Co, Bowen LJ
 * Dodge v. Ford Motor Company 170 NW 668, 684 (1919)
 * American Law Institute, Principles of Corporate Government: Analysis and Recommendations §2.01(a) (1994)


 * Caparo Industries plc v Dickman and accounting
 * Insolvency law

Competition

 * Diocletian's regulations
 * John Stuart Mill, Principles of Political Economy, Book ...


 * Cartel, monopoly, oligopoly, restrictive practices


 * History of competition law and antitrust
 * Sherman Act and the Clayton Act of 1914


 * State aid

Macroeconomics

 * John Maynard Keynes, The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money (1936)

Socialisation



 * Public and private property
 * Plato's The Republic and Aristotle
 * Sir Thomas More, Utopia
 * Robert Owen (1771-1858) and A New View Of Society (1813)
 * Pierre Proudhon, What Is Property? (1840)
 * Revolutions of 1848 and the Communist Manifesto (1848) whose ten demands were, free primary education, progressive income tax, inheritance tax, government provided transport and communication, nationalisation of banks, a government agricultural plan, (and more radically) a duty of everyone to work, gradually nationalising industry, abolishing private property in land, confiscating emigrants' and rebels' property and distributing the population equally across the country.
 * Karl Marx, Das Kapital (1867), On the Jewish Question
 * John Stuart Mill, felicific calculus, utilitarianism and happiness
 * Principles of Political Economy (1848) and Utilitarianism (1863), Considerations on Representative Government (1861), Auguste Comte and Positivism (1865), The Subjection of Women (1869) and Chapters on Socialism
 * Max Weber, Die protestantische Ethik und der Geist des Kapitalismus (1905), Politik als Beruf (1919) and Economy and Society
 * Russian Revolution (1917), Lenin and the Berlin Wall; Grundgesetz art 13
 * Joseph Stiglitz, public economics and nationalisation


 * Education, Social security and Health care
 * Elementary Education Act 1870
 * Brown v Board of Education 347 US 483 (1954)
 * Poor laws and debt prisons; Pensions and the National Insurance Act 1911, unemployment benefits
 * Soviet Union and United States of America, communism and capitalism
 * Welfare State, Beveridge Report
 * John Rawls, A Theory of Justice (1971) and Robert Nozick, Anarchy, State and Utopia (1972)
 * National Health Service Act 1946 and Medicare
 * Roe v Wade 410 US 113 (1973)


 * Post office, Telecommunications, Transport and Media
 * Treaty of Bern and the Universal Postal Union (1874)


 * International Telecommunication Union (1925)
 * AT&T and universal service


 * Convention on International Civil Aviation (1944) and the International Civil Aviation Organization (1948)
 * United States v. National City Lines, Inc., 186 F.2d 562 (1951)


 * BBC, PBS, Australian Broadcasting Corporation, RTF
 * Buckley v Valeo 424 US 1 (1976)


 * Environment, Energy, Water
 * Environmental law
 * European Coal and Steel Community and the Common Fisheries Policy
 * Antarctic Treaty System (1949))
 * United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (1992) and the Kyoto Protocol (1997)
 * European Union Emission Trading Scheme

Financial markets

 * Securities and Exchange Commission and the Financial Services Authority
 * Financial Services and Markets Act 2000
 * Derivatives and FSMA 2000 s 412, with the Gaming Act 1845
 * Great Depression (1929-1939), Asian crisis (1990s) and Global financial crisis (2007-)

Banking and monetary policy

 * Bank Charter Act 1844 and the gold standard
 * Walter Bagehot, Lombard Street, A Description of the Money Market (1873)
 * ...partly reacting to Overend, Gurney and Company's collapse in 1866
 * Great Depression, New Deal


 * Basel II and minimum capital
 * Inflation and interest rates
 * Bank of England, European Central Bank, United States Federal Reserve
 * European Monetary Union
 * Exchange rates
 * Re Barings (No 5), Re BCCI SA (No 8)

Taxation and fiscal policy

 * Magna Carta 1215
 * Boston Tea Party
 * Article XIII, Declaration of the Rights of Man


 * Tax law
 * Income tax, corporate tax, value added tax, stamp duty, inheritance tax, window tax
 * Income Tax Act 1842
 * Joseph Stiglitz and public finance

International economics

 * John Maynard Keynes, Economic Consequences of the Peace (1919)

International financial regulation

 * Mercantilism and the Gold standard
 * International Monetary Fund, World Bank, International Clearing Union and the bancor
 * OPEC, Milton Friedman, Margaret Thatcher, Ronald Reagan and the failure of Bretton Woods
 * Paul Krugman, Depression economics
 * Offshore trust and tax haven and hedge funds

International trade law

 * Lex mercatoria, Hanseatic League
 * Conflict of laws and Vienna Convention


 * David Ricardo, Principles of Political Economy and Taxation (1817)
 * Corn laws and free trade
 * General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, World Trade Organisation
 * EU law and the Treaty of Rome (1952), Van Gend en Loos v Nederlandse Administratie der Belastingen [1963] ECR 1 and the common agricultural policy
 * Treaty of the European Community, four freedoms
 * US Constitution's commerce clause, Australian Constitution

Development

 * Jonathan Swift, A Modest Proposal (1729)
 * Thomas Malthus, An Essay on the Principle of Population (1798) and poverty
 * Friedrich Engels, The Condition of the Working Class in England in 1844 (1845)
 * Social and economic rights and human rights
 * Declaration of Delhi (1959)
 * Amartya Sen and development economics
 * United Nations Millennium Declaration, Millenium Development Goals and Jubilee 2000


 * Underdevelopment, Industrialisation, Innovation and Foreign investment