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In U.S. politics, the Hyde Amendment is a legislative provision barring the use of federal funds to pay for abortion except to save the life of the woman or if the pregnancy arises from incest or rape. Specifically, the Hyde Amendment restricts coverage of abortion for recipients of Medicaid, the joint federal-state program that provides health insurance coverage for low-income individuals. The Hyde Amendment is not permanent law, but rather has been attached by Congress to annual appropriations bills for the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). As a result, it also restricts funding for abortion for other HHS programs, including the Indian Health Service, Medicare, and Children's Health Insurance Program. Language similar to the Hyde Amendment has been included in other federal programs, restricting abortion coverage for individuals in the Department of Defense's Tricare program, federal prisons, the Peace Corps and the Federal Employees Health Benefits Program.

The original Hyde Amendment was passed on September 30, 1976, by the House of Representatives, by a 207–167 vote. It was named for its chief sponsor, Republican Congressman Henry Hyde of Illinois. The measure represents one of the first major legislative gains by the United States pro-life movement after the striking-down of anti-abortion laws following the 1973 Supreme Court case Roe v. Wade. Congress has subsequently altered the Hyde Amendment several times. The version in force from 1981 until 1993 prohibited the use of federal funds for abortions "except where the life of the mother would be endangered if the fetus were carried to term."

While the Hyde Amendment restricts federal funding for abortion, states can choose use their own revenue to cover abortion for Medicaid recipients. As of 2020, 16 states extend abortion coverage to women enrolled in Medicaid through their own budgets.

Public opinion about the Hyde Amendment is divided, with support or opposition dependent on how questions are phrased and who is polled. In general, polls find that just over 50% of Americans support the Hyde Amendment.