User:Wikihusky07/sandbox

Genetic:

Some nervous system diseases are due to genetic mutations. For example, Huntington's disease is an inherited disease characterized by progressive neurodegeneration. Huntington's disease results from a mutation in either copy of the HTT gene, which results in an abnormally folded protein. The accumulation of mutated proteins results in brain damage of the basal ganglia.

Congenital/developmental defect:

Developing babies can suffer from birth defects that affect the formation of the nervous system. For example, Anencephaly (or spina bifida) causes abnormalities in the nervous system due to neural tube defects.

Cancer:

Specialized cells in the central nervous system, such as glial cells, may proliferate abnormally and form gliomas. Glioblastoma is an aggressive form of glioma. Infection:

Pathogens like fungi, bacteria, and viruses can affect the nervous system. For example, meningitis is a common infection of the central nervous system, where bacterial or viral infections cause an inflammation of the meninges.

Seizure disorder:

It is suspected that seizures occur because of synchronized brain activity. Epilepsy, for example, is characterized by an abnormal electrical activity in the brain, which causes repeated seizures.

Vascular:

The brain is rich in blood vessels because it requires a lot of nutrients and oxygen. A stroke may result from a blood clot or hemorrhage.

Degenerative:
A neurodegenerative disease is a disease that causes damage to neurons. Examples of neurodegenerative disease include Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease , Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. For example, Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory neurodegenerative disease, where the body initiate an inflammatory reaction in the central nervous system, and causes damage to neurons. Neurodegneration is different in each disease, for example, MS is a result of a degenerative process called demyelination. On the other hand, Parkinson's Disease results from damage of neurons in the Substantia Nigra, which is important to initiate motor behavior.