User:Willa Wei/Prostitution in China

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China’s legal responses and policies and their limited effectiveness in containing the growth of the sex industry.

Sex Industry and Sex Trafficking:

Article body (All things I copied from the original article are Italicized, things I added in the exiting paragraphs are in bold, new paragraphs I added are in regular font)
History:

Prostitution has long existed in China. In many ancient Chinese dynasties, prostitution was seen as the privilege of upper-class men. Some researchers believe China's earliest brothels were founded by Guan Zhong, a Chinese politician and philosopher. Guang Zhong used prostitution as a tool to increase the state's income. In the Han Dynasty, Emperor Wu first established institutionalized prostitution. He originated female camps to follow his armies. Women inside the camps were known as camp prostitutes. During the same dynasty, brothels began to be segregated into government-run and private-run. Government-rum brothels were flourishing during the Tang and Song Dynasties, whereas privately, commercial prostitution reached its peak during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.

History after 1949:

''After taking power in 1949, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) embarked upon a series of campaigns with the aim of eradicating prostitution from mainland China by the early 1960s. Since the loosening of government controls over society in the early 1980s, 'China entered a period of economic boom. However, imbalances in economic development across the nation have led to high levels of migration inside China. Although many entered developed cities, the lack of education and professional training limited them to more physically demanding occupations or became unemployed. Some of them were unable to make enough money to pay for their necessities, and for women and girls under these circumstances, the sex industry became their option. Therefore, prostitution has not been diminished but has become more visible.'  prostitution in mainland China not only has become more visible, but can now be found throughout both urban and rural areas. In spite of government efforts,'' Prostitution become a well-organized industrial chain, dividing into different hierarchies to which prostitutes belong, involving a great number of people and producing a considerable economic output. ''Prostitution has also become associated with a number of problems, including organized crime, government corruption, hypocrisy, and sexually transmitted diseases. For example, a CCP official who was a major provincial campaigner against corruption was removed from his post and expelled from the party after he was caught in a hotel room with a prostitute.''

''Prostitution and related activities in mainland China appear in diverse forms, at various venues and prices, and with prostitutes coming from a range of social backgrounds. They are almost all female, though in recent years male prostitutes have also emerged. Venues include hotels, massage parlors, karaoke bars and beauty salons.''

''Officially, prostitution is illegal in mainland China. The government of China has vacillated, however, in its legal treatment of prostitutes, treating them sometimes as criminals and sometimes as behaving with misconduct. Since the reemergence of prostitution in the 1980s, government authorities have responded by first using the legal system, that is, the daily operations of courts and police. Second, they have relied on police-led campaigns, clearly delineated periods of intense public activity, as a form of social discipline. Despite lobbying by international NGOs and overseas commentators, there is not much support for legalisation of the sex sector by the public, social organizations or the government of the PRC.''

''While the sale of sexual intercourse remains illegal throughout mainland China, as of 2013 erotic massage, more commonly known as massage with "happy endings", is legal in the city of Foshan in Guangdong province. In June of that year, the Foshan Court determined that the sale of erotic massage is not the same as prostitution.''