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Birds of prey

Size
The largest extant species of raptor is the Andean condor (Vultur gryphus). This animal can reach a wingspan of 350 cm and a body mass of over 16 kg. At the other end of the scale, with a total length of only 14 to 17 cm and weight of 30 to 55 g, the typical falconets are the smallest members. Argentavis magnificens, an eagle-like bird from the Late Miocene, is considered the largest flying bird to ever exist. Its wingspan measured approximately 7 m and it weighed 70 kg.

Feathers and moult


Birds of prey have a wide array of plumage and feather patterns. Young birds are identified by their dense plumage, which differs greatly from those of adults. Differences in wingspan and tail length suggest adaptations for distinct modes of predation. For example, a short, yet broad wingspan allows for explosive, short-distance movement through canopies of rainforests and other forested habitats. Whereas, wings that acuminate at the tips give a more aerodynamic build. This build enables some bird of prey, like falcons, to dive at the highest speeds recorded for animals.

All birds of prey go through a process called molting, at least once a year.