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"THE FACTUAL LIST OF NAZIS PROTECTED BY SPAIN"
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THE FACTUAL LIST OF NAZIS PROTECTED BY SPAIN

Eliah Meyer, In memory of the most excellent "Morgenthau's boys" A

War criminals, mass murderers, smugglers, scoundrels, thiefs, looters, arms dealers, spies, thugs, pimps and sluts constitute the following list. Many of them placed titles before their names: General, Doctor, Count, Prince... They were all just scum.

ABELBECK, Gert. Obersturmbannfuhrer Hitlerjunge. Decorated by FRANCO as Caballero de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas con Encomienda. (BOE, 26 Octubre, 1941 ).

ACHOEN, Walter. Dr. Military auditor. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ). OKW agent.

ACHTERMANN, Otto. German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

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ACKERMANN, Franz. Hauptamtsleiter. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

ACKERMANN, Johann / John. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified lll-B in OSS records. Language teacher. Resident of La Coruna since 1914. Address: Plaza de Vigo 8, 3°. German consulate. Worked in two German shipping offices. Attache at German consulate, La Coruna.

ACKERSCHOTT, Herbert / Hubert. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Schurholz, 17 January, 1918. Gestapo agent.

ADAM, Karl. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. Former Kreisleiter of Prague in Reichsgau Sudetenland. In 1945 he posed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

ADAMCZYK, Heinrich. Arrived Germany from Spain June14 1946. German. DOB. 12/9/1912 in Rulnik.Oberschl.

ADANECK, Elizabeth. German agent classified B. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Address: Villa Carasa, calle Cuartel del Este, Miranda del Ebro.

ADRIAN, (fnu). Agent working for l-M, KO Spanien, Ceuta (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain).

ADRIAN, Hermann. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Montana S.A. Assistant bookkeeper. Apartado 1016, Madrid. Born Paderborn, 23 May 1913. Passport N°. 194R/460/38 issued Bin. Lankwitz 22.7.1938. Member ofA/SDAPand DAF.

AGAMEMNON. From Obst/Lt Friedrich DERNBACH's CI Intermediate Interrogation Report (CI-IIR) No 57, dated 1 1 December, 1946:" The plane that took TRESOR and NEY to Lyon also took AGAMEMNON to Montpellier. He was of Greek origin, but a Spanish and French national, having papers from both governments. Southern France was familiar to him as he had been active in smugling across the Spanish frontier. He had A wife living in Spain, possibly in Madrid.

Subject was given W/T and code training and then sent off equipped with a British transmitter, secret ink matches, spade, Colt pistol, French food stamps. French and Spanish money, $100 US, and a poison pill. It was arrangad that he would receive 25,000 Pesetas additional from his wife through KO Spain.

He was instructed to gather information about troop movements from Marseille to the North, the operation of Allied Intelligence in Southern France, the political situation in that area, and the activities of the White Maquis. He was also charged with the establishment of three passages for alerts with the aid of liquor smugglers between France and Spain, France and Switzerland, and France and Italy.

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The last that was known of AGAMEMNON was his jump from the plane. He made this at 1000 feet and the parachute opened."

AHLENZ, Arthur. Agent in Spanish Morocco and Tangier, classified ll-B. Sidi Bouknadel. In charge of observatory.

AHLERS, Albrecht. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Son of Jacob AHLERS. German agent classified B

AHLERS, Hermann. Commander. Censure section. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

AHLERS, Jacob. German agent classified A. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain, c/o Enrique WOLFRAM, Santa Cruz de Tenerife. German consul and merchant. Agent l-M, KO Spanien, Canarias (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain).

AHLERS, Ulrich. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Son of Jacob AHLERS. German agent classified B

AIGNER, Albert. German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

ALARCON, Jose, alias SARGENTO. From STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain:" Attempted to organize a net of agents in Ceuta, but was thought to be in collusion with the British and was dropped".

ALBER, Richard Karl. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 22/5/1911 in Magstadt bei Boeblingen. Address in Germany, 1946: Zeughausstrasse 3, Boeblingen (US zone).

ALBRECHT, Carl. Agent classified in OSS records. Engineer. Born about 1905.

ALBRECHT, Dr. Karl Soenke / Soehnke. Lt. Col. Agent classified ll-A, l-B and IV-B in OSS records. General Staff Officer. Senior official of the German Chamber of Commerce for Spain. Former Nazi Press attache. B. Born St. Peter (Nordsee) 23 May, 1902. Passport No 37/ 38 issued Bilbao 2.7.1938. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain.

Director of A.E.G. Iberia. Address: Espronceda 34, Madrid and Bravo Murillo 83, Madrid and Ercilla 3, 2°izda., Bilbao. Still in Spain in September 1946. president and director of the Spanish subsidiary of the AEG.

Information from LINDENBERG: Was believed to have had Pesetas 20,000.000 on hand which were intended for German schools. The ownership of these Pesetas had probably been cloaked. President of Camara de Comercio Alemana. From OSS Secret Intelligence

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Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Member of DAF, NSV, NSFK and Deutscher Verein, Bilbao.

ALBRECHT- MULLER, Gustav Wilhelm Emil / MULLER, Gustav Albrecht. German doekworker in Barcelona. Subject's expulsion requested by American Embassy on 26 May 1945. Repatriated on Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Brought to repatriation center under police escort.

German agent, report from MA dated 6.1.44 gives subjec's age as 64. DOB confirmed: Merane, 16 December 1891; seaman on a German boat in Spain upon outbreak World War One, und remained in Spain since then. Reported to have worked for the German IS under von ROHRSCHELDT (misspelling of ROHRSCHEIDT) and Hans KELLNER. B-304 on Agents' List as MULLER, Gustav Albrecht; also on III Priority List.

ALBREICHT CARGANICA, Hans. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. German member of the Superior Council of the German Government from Berlin.

ALCALA, Jose. Spanish agent for Abwehr. (General Records Pertaining to External Assets Investigations, compiled 1948 - 1950, documenting the period 1939 - 1950. Series: Repatriates : Spain - General (June 1946- September 1947) ).

From OSS record, dated 5 June 1946: "Subject: Continued collaboration of Barcelona Police (...), who in the past collaborated with AB-Landers in this city, are now assisting them in avoiding Allied control: Jose ALCALA: Assigned to Brigada Social. His former duties were principally the interrogation of persons suspected of Allied sympathies, and the investigation of United States citizens residing in Barcelona."

ALDINGER, Hermann. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugoylas Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). DOB. 22. July 1907 in Nurnberg. Died 2 November 1 993 in Munchen. He fought as a lieutenant and commander of the first heavy anti-aircraft battery of the Condor Legion in the Spanish Civil War on the side of FRANCO'S fascist troops. Most recently, he was a colonel and commander of Flak Regiment.

After the Second World War, Hermann ALDINGER studied from 1947 to 1950 at the State School of Munich and became construction engineer. From 1950 to 1952 ALDINGER worked as Construction Manager at Finanzbauamt Munich and then was employed as a clerk in the office Blank (Federal Armed Forces). From 1955 to 1957 ALDINGER was Group Leader at Telefunken (Radio Frequency Engineer). ALDINGER was incorporated into the German Army in 1957 and was there from 1 October 1961 to 30 September 1963 as a major general commander of the 1st Air Division. The adoption of the retirement was effected by General DE MAIZIERE 29 July 1966, two days before ALDINGER was awarded the Grand Cross of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany.

ALEKSANDER, Nornick. Lieutnant. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Madrid.

ALENDORF, Wilhelm (alias). See GESSMANN, Wilhelm.

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ALEX, Reinhardt / Rheinhard. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Schnedzenmoor, 2 November, 1925.

ALEXANDER, Jean Charles (alias). See GESSMANN, Wilhelm.

ALISCH, Ernst, alias Ernesto SEILER. SS H/Stuf. German. Chief of S/po and SD in

France, Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Born 1912, Hamburg, Germany.

From Roberts Commission, Subject file: Menten: "According to British reports from Madrid, subject engages in illicit traffic in pictures, jewels and motor cars. He is believed to be an agent of the S/po and SD and is a protege of Ernst ALISCH, alias Ernesto SEILER, important SD official formerly in Paris.

Subject is furthermore reported to have once been a member of the Spirito-Carbone gang in Marseilles, with which his constant companion, the Belgian Adrian OTLET (q.v) and possibly KONINECKX (See MIEDL dossier) may also have been connected. This gang of gunmen, kidnappers and blackmailers included Francois SPIRITO, Jean CARBONE, Francois CARBONE, and Venture CARBONE. Among other subversive activities they denounced de Gaullists to the Germans and led anti-British and anti-Semitic demontrations".

ALISCHER, Walter. In 1945 he posed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

ALISON, Ernst. German agent classified A. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Whereabouts in Spain unknown.

ALLER, Hilde. Agent classified lll-A in OSS records. Teacher in Colegio Aleman, Barcelona. Active member of B.D.M.

ALLERT, Wilhelm. In 1945 he posed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

ALLGAYER, Karl. Nazi Party liaison. Member NSDAP working for Banco Aleman Trasatlantico in Sevilla.

ALLGEIER OCHS, Richard. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Rafael Calvo 11, Madrid. Born October 11, 1905 in Pforzheim. Spanish wife and four children in 1946. Employee of Siemens. Active nazi.

ALTEN, Conrad Friedrich Meyer Alten. See MEYER, Conrad F.

ALTENBURG, Willy. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850:

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Manager of sugar refinery. Venta de Banos, c/o Azucarera de Castilla (Palencia), 16.5.40. Born Charlottenburg, 26 April 1890. Passport No. 281 issued Santander 22.6.35. Member of DAF and Deutscher Schulverein, Santander.

ALTENKEMPER / ALTENKAEMPER, Gabriel alias Alberto CANO. German agent classified B. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. In Algeciras November 1943. Repatriated from Spain by air (dates from January 29 to February 25, 1946). Po. No. 0767.

From: U.S. Army. European Command. Intelligence Division, Wartime activities of the German diplomatic and military services during World War II, November 18, 1949: " Radio Operator. Born on 18 September 191 1 at Koelln-Rhein. Subject was member of the Abwehr. From 1941-1945, subject was a radio operator with the OKW Abwehr Hi in Berlin and with the German Embassy in Madrid. Subject released to Muenster/Westfalen, Eckenerstr. 9 or Pforzheim, Bernhardstr." l-M, KO Spanien, Ceuta and Cadiz(named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain).

ALTRICHTER, Anton. In 1945 he posed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

ALVAREZ, Manuel. Spanish agent working for l-M, KO Spanien, Algeciras (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain).

ALWENS, Ludwig. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1 941 ). Angriff.

AMABLE (fnu). From OSS record, dated 5 June 1946: "Subject: Continued collaboration of Barcelona Police (...), who in the past collaborated with AB-Landers in this city, are now assisting them in avoiding Allied control: "Police agent formerly attached to the Servicio de Estadistica. His brother is married to a German."

AMAHN, Victor. German agent classified C. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Brother of Juan AMAHN. Manager of Amahn, Juan's firm.

AMAHN, Juan. German agent classified C. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Address: Borrell 128, Barcelona and Miro Cruz 4, San Sebastian. Commercial agent for chemical and electrical materials.

AMBERG, Hans. German agent. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Address in 1943: Castellana 16, top flat, Madrid.

AMED, Arthur. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

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AMENDE, Hermann. Agent of Referat I KO Spanien. Born 4 August 1903 in Bendorf. German. Occupation declared: export merchant. Protestant. During 1940 and 1941 AMENDE worked as a recruiting agent for Referat I and // of KO Spanien. He is acquainted with persons in various Spanish circles who were passively or actively pro-German during war.

From CI Final Interrogation Report /78, 22 January 1946: "Administrative data

Source of prisoner, including arresting agency: Arrested 26 may 45 in Eger by CIC. Accepted on recommendation or request of: (CIB) USFET Date of arrival: 27 sep 45

Resume of any reports and/of documents sent in with prisoner: none

Results of name check against personality card index: Cf CPI card 1042

Briefs upon which prisoner was interrogated: verbal briefs by chief gib, 0-2 div, USFET

Names and unit of interrogators: T/Sgt Peter M. Stern, USFET MIS center.

Prisoner's attitude and reactions: prisoner has been cooperative: prior to arrival at USFET MIS center he helped US CIC detachments identify former members of the Abwehr. He has offered to help uncover remaining Abwehr agents in Spain.

Evaluation of prisoner's reliability: reliable

Date, place and authority for disposition of prisoner: departed 14 Dec 45 for Camp 95, Ziegenheim, by auth of 6-2 (CIB) USFET.

Interrogation results Introduction

AMENDE, previously interrogated at this Center concerning the activities of KO Spanien, contributed little new information because he left Spain in 1941. His connections with members of the Spanish Intelligence Service are described in Annex 1.

Life history

AMENDE was born 4 Aug 03 in Bendorf (nr. Koblenz). After studying Economics at the University of Leipzig, he worked for various coal firms and finally obtained a managerial position.

He lost his job in 1 932 and, unable to find work, joined the RAD in 1 933. He was discharged from the RAD in 1935 with the rank of Unterfeld Meister. He entered the German Army January 1936 and was discharged in May of the same year with the rank of Gefreiter.

Unable to obtain suitable employment in Germany, AMENDE went to Spain in 1937. There he joined the Italian Brigade, a unit of the insurgent army. With the help of the German

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consul, he managed to get out of the Brigade, which, according to him, he had entered against his will. He found work with a construction firm at San Sebastian and later with a paper manufacturing concern in Tolosa in 1938. In the Spring of 1939 he accompanied a number of Spanish business men to the exposition in Leipzig.

In October 1939, AMENDE began working for the German Vice-Consul in Barcelona. He was sent to Madrid on various errands, and there became acquainted with Emilio LANG, a member of KO Spanien. LANG asked him to get in touch with members of the Falange to see whether some of them could be recruited to work as German agents.

In the fall of 1940 he began to work full-time for the Abwehr in Madrid and served there until September 1941, when he was discharged for refusing to undertake a mission to Mexico.

AMENDE returned to Germany and was appointed Abteilungs Letter of a regional headquarters of the Zentral Handels Gesellschaft Ost, an organization of shady reputation, which sold chemical fertilizers and other necessities to farmers and bought their products. When Russian troops began advancing, AMENDE retreated with his organization and was again on the lookout for a new position. He met Flieger Stabs Ingenieur KURTH, a member of Ast Muenster, who thought that AMENDE might help him to make contacts in Spain. It should be noted that after 1943 the different Asts were anxious to make contacts on their own without the knowledge of higher headquarters. These contacts were often for the purpose of acquiring luxury good in an illegal manner.

In connection with KURTH's proposal, AMENDE made several brief trips to Spain, but upon his return to Germany in March 1944 he was informed that his services were no longer required. He did not return to Spain.

5. Conclusions: None

6. Comments and recommendations

AMENDE, being a former member of the Abwehr, falls into the automatic arrest category. He is considered a security threat." (Signed George WENZEL)

Annex I (...)

KO Spanien and the Spanish Intelligence Service

As previously stated in Third US Army CIR No 38, dtd 9 Sep 45, cooperation between the GIS in Spain and Spanish Intelligence existed throughout the war. However, when in 1943 and in 1944 the balance began tipping toward the Allies, this cooperation grew less as the German situation grew worse. Many Spaniards who had been in German service or in liaison with KO Spanien in 1941 became unavailable in 1943 and began to support the Allied cause in 1944.

The following have knowledge of the activities of KO Spanien and of the Spanish Intelligence Service. They are considered by AMENDE to be key personalities in the chain of numerous groups and organizations linked with either KO Spanien or the Spanish Intelligence Service.

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1 . Emilio LANG. LANG was born in Germany but became a Spanish subject a good many years ago (date unknown). He had excellent connections with the Direction General de Seguridad as well as with the Servicio (de) Informaciones Militares. In 1940 he and his father-in-law were employed by KO Spanien to carry out a mission in defeated France.

LANG became KUEHLENTAL's assistant and took care of most of the work, including liaison between Referatl and /// and the Spanish Intelligence Service. He interviewed and hired agents, briefed and dispatched them on missions, and provided them with the necessary documents and finances for their particular missions. All the agents were required to report their activities to him. LANG was in constant contact with other agencies of Referat I and was often consultad by Referat lll-F, where a certain HAUBERT was in charge of agents.

Toward the end of 1 941 LANG moved to Bilbao to open an Aust of Referat KUEHLENTAL where he could supervise agents more closely. It seems that from this time on he did not enjoy KUEHLENTAL's confidence. LANG was active during 1944 and it is assumed by AMENDE that he remained in Spain.

AMENDE believes that LANG possesses all the information necessary to uncover the activities of the German underground in Spain. LANG has connections with the following:

- Sr FINAT, Conde de MAYALDE, Spanish Chief of Police.. (Through LANG's father-in-law who was employed in the Direction General de Seguridad.)

- German SD and agents. (Through Adolf STEIN, a German school teacher in Madrid.)

- GENSEROWSKI, an Abwehr agent and member of the German Consulate at Bilbao.

- Padre LANGE (see below).

- KUEHLENTAL. (For connections with the KO and the SIS)

- Spanish government agencies in charge of issuing passports and visas, booking offices for securing passage on boats for Abwehr agents, and other maritime services.

- Referat l-g for secret codes and inks.

2. Padre LANGE {Pater Agostin Maria LANGE)

Padre LANGE (name by which most commonly called) is considered by AMENDE to be a key figure in the Spanish Intelligence Service. Padre LANGE is a German by birth, who, although completely given to the Church, has not given up his love for and allegiance to Germany.

During 1943 and 1944, when the GIS was very active in the Iberian peninsula, Padre LANGE was a principal link between the leaders of KO Spanien and those Spaniards who were willing to do sabotage and counter-intelligence work for the Germans. Padre LANGE is known to have last lived in the Pyrenees region where he often travelled from one monastery to another, keeping in touch with the Basque peasantry whose welfare he had at heart. His pro-Basque attitude and convictions alienated him from more nationalist-minded northern Spaniards.

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It is believed that he was never sympathetic to the Nazis because their views conflicted with his uncompromising Catholicism. His activities on behalf of the Abwehr are explained as stemming from his love for Germany. He was politically unfriendly to FRANCO.

Padre LANGE was closely connected with the Basques living on the French and Spanish border, the people there having complete confidence in him as a spiritual leader and helping him with frontier crossings and related intelligence activities.

AMENDE states that Padre LANGE was able to maintain liaison with the Church in Ireland, but does not know whether priests were sent on missions to Ireland by the Abwehr or the Spanish Intelligence Service..

AMENDE believes that Padre LANGE's position as member of the Misioneros del Sagrado Corazon de Jesus, a member order of the Society of Jesus with extensive missions in South America and Central Africa, may have been used to secure assistance for Abwehr agents on missions.

Little is known of Padre LANGE's influence in Italy other than that he was in contact with his superiors in Rome.

Despite Padre LANGE's lack of popularity with certain Spanish nationalist groups, he was on excellent terms with the Spanish Intelligence Service and was always kept completely informed about internal and external matters. In addition, Padre LANGE operated his own private intelligence net, which enabled him to provide the S/S with important information.

Both the S/S and the G/S considered Padre LANGE's net of agents to be invaluable, although he vas never completely taken into the confidence of the Abwehr. AMENDE says that KO Spanien never made as full a use of LANGE as might have been made.

Padre LANGE's present whereabouts are unknown, but it is believed that he is still in Spain and could easily be located. His last known residence was in a boarding school near Bilbao where he was an instructor for sons of the Spanish nobility.

AMENDE says that there were no relations between Referat II and the Spanish Intelligence Service. Any project undertaken by Referat II was of necessity kept secret from the German Embassy itself. All sabotage actions on Spanish soil were covered to prevent any proof that these were German-inspired. Spanish agents were recruited without the help of any official Spanish government agencies, and sabotage operations were carried on independently of any other organizations in Spain, Spanish or otherwise. Only in planning the R-net against a possible Allied invasion of Spain, did BLAUM (...) recruit the aid of PERALES and his followers. (...)

Annex II

Net of informants in Spain.

According to AMENDE it should be possible to establish a net of informants knowledgeable on the activities of the remaining elements of the G/S in Spain. Some of these potential informants are considered neutral, others pro-Allied, and others pro-German. (...) AMENDE is not sure of their exact sympathies. Nevertheless, he suggests the following as a possible plan of procedure:

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First contact with Spaniards across the border from Cerbere might be established with the chief of the frontier police at Port-Bou, a certain Mariano Lopez VINUALES and his assistant SOL could serve as liaison men with agenta headquarters in France, bearers of correspondence, and could be helpful in granting entrance and frontier-crossing permits. VINUALES, then, is the man to contact RUIZ DEL VALLE and AMABLE in Figueras. The latter two are members of the Spanish Intelligence Service, good friends of AMENDE with leads into Barcelona, and are likely to be cooperative. In Barcelona, MORENO BRAVO is the key informant on any subject concerning

- former members and activities of German Consulates

- Abwehr Stelle Barcelona

- Plans and projects of former Referat II, KO Spanien

- Shipping during the war; dispatching of agents

- The Spanish Intelligence Service

- Leads into Madrid

From MORENO BRAVO the link to CASANAS may be established. CASANAS well known in Spanish politics since 1937, has connections with:

- Clique of general officers surrounding France

- Falange and minor parties with similar policies

- Spanish police (for check on aliens, registers)

- Civil service throughout the country

- Falange police, and Spanish Intelligence Service in Spanish Morocco, and possibly South America.

- SERRANO SUNER and his immediate environment (now eclipsed in Oviedo) and has acquaintance with:

- LICIMADA JUANA (member of S/S -alien registration)

- AGULLO (Naval Intelligence)

- BOMBIN (S/S and Falange police)

- Emilio LANG (and through him wit h former Referat I, KO Spanien.

Emilio LANG, the next man in the chain, may be consulted with the purpose of obtaining all information concerning the G/S, especially recent activities of what remained of KO Spanien. LANG may also be able to contact Padre LANGE in Bilbao. Padre LANGE, another key man, would be invaluable for connections with:

- Church in Spain (church heads in Madrid)

- Nobility

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- G/S and its past activities in Ireland and S America

- the Basques

- and his intimate knowledge of conditions in N Spain.

AM REIN, Josef. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Siemens. Electrician (Industria Electrica S.A.). Alameda de Mazarredo 3, Bilbao. Born Madrid, 26 Feb. 1909. Passport No. 2156/38 issued San Sebastian.

AMRHEIN / AMREIN, Max. In 1945 he posed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

ANDERS, Karl. German agent classified B. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Director of the factory Menge, Barcelona.

ANDERSCH, Alfred. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Commercial Agent. Artasamina 3 dcha., Bilbao. Born Ratibor O./S., 4 July 1898. Passport No, 299/37 issued Altona-Wandsbek, 12.2.37. Member NSDAP and DAF.

ANDERSEN, Erich. Commander Censure section. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugoy las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

ANDREAE, Jurgen / Jurgen. Agent classified lll-A in OSS records. University Director.

ANDRES, Helmut. German formerly employed as technician by the Spanish Government.Listed for departure on SS Marine Martin, scheduled to leave the Port of Bilbao about Agust 31, 1946. Entered Spain March 6, 1945.

ANDRESS MOSER, Hermann Karl. From Safehaven Report, American Embassy, August 13, 1945: Born in Darmstadt 10 March, 1890. Married. Two sons in German Army.

Working for Merck since 1 91 1 dealing with Spain and South America. He went to Spain in 1912 as representative for the house of Loewenstein. Later in business with a Spanish druggist in Malaga, Jose PELAEZ BERMUDEZ. Returned to Germany 1914-1918 for Army service. Returned to Spain about 1923. Fled from Republican zone at Barcelona in August 1936 to re-enter in the Nationalist zone at Vigo in September. Renewed his company's operations in a warehouse at Vigo, where Merck semi-finished products from Germany were processed, packaged, and sold in Nationalist territory.

Under interrogation by Allies he alleged difficulties with Johannes BERNHARDT, top executive of Hisma (predesessor of Sofindus) because of ANDRESS' alleged refusal to handle the compensation arrangements for his import of drugs through Hisma-Rowak clearing system.

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ANDRESS was president of the German Chamber of Commerce from 1932-1936 and one of the founders of the German Clubhouse in Barcelona, which later became the Nazi Party house. Member of NSDAP since 1933 till end of the war. He paid the regular membership fees to the Party, plus special contributions for miscellaneous reasons. In addition, he and all German employees of subject's company paid specified percentages of their wages to the Deutsche Arbeitsfront in Spain.

"Subject company was founded in Spain in 1923, Bernhardt PFOTENHAUER, director of Merck in Darmstadt, came to Spain in 1923 specifically for the purpose of founding a Spanish subsidiary. Its original capital was Pesetas 500.000 (1000 shares at 500 Pesetas per share), wholly owned by Merck. (...) Around 1929 the company's capital was increased to Pesetas 1.000.000. The additional 500.000 allegedly was paid for, and stock delivered to the following Spaniards: Isaac NOGUERAS, Antonio NOGUERAS, Alvaro CALDUCH. The first two are brothers and physicians. CALDUCH is a pharmaceutist. All three are allegedly friends of ANDRESS and paid for the stock out of their own earnings. The interviewer expressed mild surprise that these persons would earn enough to be able to spend 500.000 Pesetas on stock, and ANDRESS' reply plus evident embarrassment on this point aswell as later left the impression that the mentioned Spaniards were cloaks for Merck money.

On or about 1933, the company's capitalization was apparently increased to Pesetas 1 .51 0.000, although ANDRESS was not clear as to the exact amount of the increase. The additional Pesetas 510.000 of shares were apparently divided among the following Spaniards: Pablo SANCHEZ (businessman), Alvaro CALDUCH (pharmaceutist), Pedro ROMERO (businessman), SALA (dentist), ORIOL (doctor). Questioned with respect to the source of the funds paid by the Spaniards, ANDRESS was again embarrased and evasive. In early 1939 the company's capitalization was apparently increased to Pesetas 2.010.000 and shareholdings rearranged as follows: Carlos ANDRESS: 350.000 pts; Hans EGERT (director of the company): 1 50.000. ANDRESS admits that these two German holdings totaling 500.000 were the same 500.000 originally bought by Merck and belong equitably to Merck, in addition, Pesetas 1.510.000 were divided among the following Spaniards: Dr. Antonio NOGUERAS, Pablo SANCHEZ, Alvaro CALDUCH, Pedro ROMERO, SALA and ORIOL.

The interviewer thereupon asked ANDRESS whether he would be willing to sign a sworn statement to the effect that the Pesetas 1.510.000 worth of shares were paid exclusively from Spanish funds and neither directly nor indirectly by Merck or any other German source. He replied that he could not make such statement, plead ignorance and stated that PFOTENHAUER and STEINHAGE, who came to Spain on behalf of Merck in 1929 (...) may have had some private understanding with the mentioned Spaniards without ANDRESS knowing the details thereof. Interviewer's impression was that ANDRESS is fully informed concerning such detils, and he therefore suggested to ANDRESS, and ANDRESS promised, a careful refreshing of his own memory and a written statement on this subject on or before the end of August. It was pointed out that evidence undoubtedly forthcoming from the house of Merck in Germany would naturally be available to check against any statement by ANDRESS.

Company Officers and personnel: The board of directors is identical with the last mentioned stockholders. ANDRESS and EGERT are the principal officers and actually run the firm. Spanish stockholders are not employed by the company and visit it only infrequently. ANDRESS and EGERT receive Pesetas 6500 and 4500 respectively in their monthly salary. The following Germans are likewise connected with the Spanish house: Nikolaus SCHAEFER (technician instructed by Merck), Helmut FIEDLER (businessman and apoderado), salaries ptas 3500 per month, Hans HOFFMAN ( chief of the company's Madrid office), monthly salary Pesetas 4000. Besides the foregoing, the following are

13

representatives of the German house of Knoll, A. G., and act as so-called scientific representatives of the local house, paid by it to explain the customers the use of Knoll products: WALTMAN, monthly salary ptas. 3500 (located at Barcelona), Wilhelm KOLBE, monthly salary pts. 3000 (office in Valencia), Hans SCHRAMM, salary ptas. 2500 (Bilbao), EICKHOFF, salary ptas. 3000 (Madrid)".

Address of ANDRESS: calle Dr. Roux, Tres Torres, Sarria, Barcelona. Tfn. 84218. ANDRESS married Eduvigis MAGEL SIEBEN. One surviving son, Horst. A brother, Dr. Fritz ANDRESS was also NSDAP member. He was connected with firm Lacer, S.A in post war years. He died in Barcelona 4 February, 1973. He was Evangelist.

ANGER, Bernhardt. German agent repatriated from Bilbao. From Washington Office, Special Funds Division Finance, Intelligence (WASH-SPDF-INT). Docs. 2051-2100: General manager of Transposes Marion (cloak company). Connected with Joaquin MIRANDA (president), Dietrich PROPFE (secretary) and Juan BARBER ALANDETE (Technical director).

ANGERMUND, Walter. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

ANNECKE, Hildegarde. Girl-friend of Ricardo SALUSCHKE, paymaster of the military department. SALUSCHKE refused to leave Spain unless accompanied by his protegee ANNECKE. Repatriated on Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. DOB. 30 August 1916. E-52 Priority List. DOB. Wiesbaden.

ANTON. Helmuth. Agent classified lll-A in OSS records. Santander. Professor. Born about 1910.

ANZUR, Franz Josef. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Manager of paper factory, Logrono. Ciudad Jardin, Calle Sanjurjo 1, Logrono. Born Anschluss, 28 Feb. 1900. Passport No. 610/38 issued Shanghai. Member of DAF. (To Barcelona 1941)

APPEL, Hans. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1 941 ).

ARDURA, Jose, alias ARBITRIO. From STUBBS and BUGGE's report on /-M Spain: "Had connections with Ministerio de Justicia, Ministerio de Trabajo. His assistant PARENTE FIGUEREDO alias PAFI, leader of the Portuguese youth movement."

ARENS / AHRENS, Edwin Paul. German Embassy employee on Official List, A-1, as AHRENS, Edwin. Repatriated on Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. DOB. Hamburg, 17 February 1919.

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ARENS CLEMENS, Virgilio also arranged as CLEMENS, Virgilio Arens in OSS records. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. 2nd Lt. Spanish Foreign Legion. Ceuta. Intelligence agent l-B.

ARFSTEN, Nanning Arnold. Abwehr agent. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Avenida Garcia Barbon 2, Vigo.

In Vigo since 1942. Born December 26, 1900 at Wyk-Boldixum. Married with three children in 1946. Electrical engineer with Siemens. Member of NSDAP, NSKK, and DAF. Instrumental in blocking Allies in regard to school. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Siemens. Passport No. II 6426/41 issued Berlin (Abt.ll) 21.1.41.

ARMBRUSTER GARCIA, Eugen / Eugenio. German agent classified C. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Address: Alonso Cano 23, Madrid. Worked for Tubos y Hierros, S.A. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Manager of Tubos y Hierros Industrials. Ondategui 27, Las Arenas (Bilbao). Born Barcelona, 22 Feb. 1904. Passport issued Bilbao 12.2.38. Member of DAF.

ARMENTEROS URBANO / DE ARMENTEROS Y URBANO, Pedro. Spanish agent working for Germans.

From OSS Secret IntelligenceSpecial Funds Records 1942 1946 226, Memorandum by X-2 Branch dated 28 June, 1945: "We have information evaluated B-3 that ARMENTEROS (probably the same as Pedro DE ARMENTEROS) former Chief of Information and Investigation of the Barcelona provincial Falange, has succeeded in leaving Spain and is at present in Argentina. It is thought that he undertook the trip in great secrecy -under an asumed name- since not even his most intimate friends were aware of the fact.

The present Inspector of the Falange. Miguel Angel LUNA, calle Balmes 26, also is thinking of going to Argentina to join ARMENTEROS. Our record on LUNA reads: "Replaced Jose VAZQUEZ as Chief of Falange Intelligence"

We have the following on ARMENTEROS: Falange Provincial Delegate of Information and Investigation. Works for Germans. With E. LASARTE approached British Consulate, but they wera aware of his activities. Now in Argentina."

Office Memorandum, US Government, 18 December, 1944, Subject: Flight of Axis Assets to Latin America: "Unverified information has been furnished by the Legal Attache at Montevideo, Uruguay, indirectly from Jorge ADAMS an exiled communist in Uruguay, of Hungarian birth, to the effect that various Nazi Party officials had sent large amounts of money for deposit to Buenos Aires, Argentina and La Paz, Bolivia. The Spanish shipping firm, Aznar and Cia, is alleged to have assisted in making transfers from Europe. One Alejandro ZUBIZARRETA, technical director of the Aznar firm in Bilbao, Spain, has also participated in this activity.

According to this informant, other individuals who have aided in the work of bringing and depositing money in Latin America for Axis interests are Juan VENTOSA CALVET (misspelling for CALVELL) and Francisco de Asi's de CAMBO. The Duke of ALBA, Spanish ambassador to England, is said to have obtained permission for VENTOSA to enter England under the pretext that he was to work for the restoration of Spanish monarchy.

15

The allegation was also made that Banco Frances-ltaliano, Buenos Aires, Argentina, is considered to be one of the principal firms assisting the Nazi Party in transferring funds to Argentina.

Another individual alleged to have engaged in forwarding Nazi funds to Argentina is one

Pedro ARMENTEROS, who recently arrived in Argentina from Spain."

(see VENTOSA CALVET, Juan and CAMBO, Francisco de Asi's cards for further

information)

From FBI Memorandum, dated 10 December, 1944, signed by John Edgar HOOVER: "Information was received that on January 12, 1944, Pedro de ARMENTEROS y URBANO

sailed from Barcelona, Spain, en route to Buenos Aires, Argentina aboard the S.S, Cabo de Buena Esperanza. He was travelling as a correspondent for the newspaper Vanguardia and planned to settle permanently in the Argentine. He was accompanied by his mother and two adult sisters.

It was further reported that ARMENTEROS had been formerly Chief of Information and Investigation of the Falange in Barcelona, but was dismissed during 1943 for embezzlement of public funds, and was generally known as a "notorious scoundrel".

On January 28, 1944, ARMENTEROS was interviewed and searched at Trinidad. At that time it was ascertained that ARMENTEROS was born in Bellmunt, Tarragona, Spain in 1912. He was carrying a letter dated December 29th, written on paper headed Bose, Productos Quimicos, Rambla Canaletas 13, 1°, Barcelona, without cover and no address, giving the bearer the power to sell outright for 200,000 pesos, or rights of exploitation on agreed terms Patents N os 149,189 and 163,651 property of Antonio CAMPANA BANDRANAS, Casanova 178 and Rambla de Cataluna 7, Barcelona. The bearer is to act in this affair with and through Mena BANDRANAS PALA or his son Roberto of Florida 783, Buenos Aires. The patents refer to a photographic process for making Identity Cards, etc. ..which would be impossible to falsify or forge.

A similar letter dated December 28, 1943, referring to Sinefin, which apparently has not yet been patented (...). In this letter it is stated that two sample machines can be sent to the Argentine within three months by the Diplomatical Bag (utilizando la via diplomatica) (...)

Letter to bearer dated January 12, 1944, signed Maruja. Writer states that the Bank is Anglo South American Bank and adds that Enrique PAGES had the name of the Bank from Enrique ALSINA. Writer informs bearer that there are $ 500 (five hundred dollars) in the Bank and all he has to do is to present his passport.

Letter dated January 11, 1944, addressed to bearer from El Director de La Vanguardia, Barcelona, confirming a conversation and agreeing to accept articles sent by bearer from Americar. Writer states that he does it at the repeated request of the Gobernador Civil and Jefe Provincial del Movimiento en Barcelona * (*Antonio CORREA VEGLISON).

A letter dated January 12, 1944, from Ritmo y Melodia Publicaciones, Villarroel 18, Barcelona, appointing bearer their representative in South America. (...)

A Memorandum relating to the formation of a Commercial Delegation of Argentine Exporters in Barcelona and its Free Port which is to be considered as an Argentine port for the distribution of Argentine products in the Mediterranean. The Argentine Delegation is to work with a Delegation that is being or has been formed by Pedro de ARMENTEROS in Barcelona. The memo heading states that it is written by Dr. A. de AROLAS and is dated Barcelona, December 1943.

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(...) During the interrogation of ARMENTEROS he stated that (...) in 1932 he had served two years of military service with the Sanidad Militar, after which he studied law until the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War. He remained in Barcelona until December 1936, when he decided to leave the Republican zone and join the Nationalists. He went from Barcelona to Lisbon on a Mexican war transport, leaving his family in Barcelona.

He proceeded to Salamanca where he was mobilized and posted to the Catalan Infantry Corps. He served in the Santander front. After serving six months in the regiment of a personal friend, FERNANDEZ BALBIS, ARMENTEROS applied for a commission and was sent to the Riffian Academy at Ceuta. He served at several other posts and in April 1939, because of his health, he returned to Barcelona.

In 1942 he transferred to the Sindicato de Espectaculos Publicos which was responsible for all theatrical and film productions in Barcelona. Later he contributed to the newspapers Solidaridad Nacional and La Prensa. These papers were government-owned. At the advice of a friend, MOLINA, Argentine consul in Barcelona, he decided to go to the Argentine and write articles for the Vanguardia. This employment was obtained through Conde de GODO.

During the interrogation, ARMENTEROS was said to have "glossed" over his connections with the Falangist Party and later admitted that he was a Camisa Vieja, which indicated that he had been a Falangist before the Civil War.

He complained about the number of former Catalan Separatist who were members of the Falange in Barcelona. He admitted that many of his colleagues had cooperated actively with the Germans; however, he mantained that he had preserved an entirely Nationalist outlook and refused to cooperate. Because of his attitude he said that he was denounced on numerous occasions by one Captain BRAVO MONTERO, apparently a notorious German agent. He denied having being approached by any Germans prior to his departure from Barcelona; however he did state that he knew two men named TIMMELL (phonetic) and BARTOLEIT (phonetic), both of whom were reported to have been well-known German agents in Barcelona (...)

In addition to the 500 Argentine pesos, ARMENTEROS also received authority from a friend, Enrique ALSINA, Calle Ausias March Esp, Paseo San Juan, Barcelona to make use of about $ 1500 in United States currency which is deposited in ALSINA's name in the Anglo South-American Bank and is now in the Bank of London and the River Plate. ALSINA es

apparently a house agent in Barcelona. (...)

ARMENTEROS arrived in Buenos Aires, Argentina, February 23, 1944, aboard of the S.S. Cabo de Buena Eperanza, where he registered at the City Hotel. Observations of his activities revealed nothing particularly suspicious except that on February 25, 1944 he went to the Hotel Jousten, Corrientes 300, for about two hours. This hotel is operated by and for Germans and is a notorious Nazi hangout. On February 29, 1944, ARMENTEROS and Francisco FERNANDEZ JIMENEZ, who is suspected of being a German agent, met at the City Hotel and in the afternoon they went together to the Banco de la Provincia, San Martin 135. After leaving the bank, ARMENTEROS returned to the City Hotel and JIMENEZ went to the Spanish Consulate. Juan Enrique Jorge PAGES, who traveled from Spain on the same boat with ARMENTEROS, appears to be a close friend. These men have been together a great deal. PAGES was las reported to be living at Las Heras 2948, fourth floor, apartment A.

ARNOLD, Eugen. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. Chief of NSDAP in Granada. Lived in Malaga.

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ARNOLD, Johannes. In 1945 he posed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

ARNOLD, Karl / Karlo / Carlos/ Theo. German agent classified A. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. SDI Gestapo. Repatriated by army air transport on 23 August 1946.. Listed B-16,, I Priority. Identical with the representative of Amt VI D RSHA in Spain. Subject wanted for intensive interrogation in Germany.

Information from the office of Attache D. P. Medalie: "From a reliable source dated June 9, 1944, it is reported that one group of SD in Spain is under joint direction of subject, a director of C/a. General de Lanas, Ayala 10, Madrid. Private tel. N° at this address is 67164 (this is number listed in 1944 tel. book for company and MOSIG). Subject charged with collating all information. ARNOLD was chief of German espionage in Argentina until the war. Also controlled communications to Berlin largely by W/T. In sending messages, subject got in touch with Karla BRAND. Subject was reported to have large quantities of counterfeit and sterling in France which was sold in Spain and Portugal, and apparently large quantities in Sweden, Switzerland and Turkey, total value of which was between one and two million pounds. Only four persons knew the notes were counterfeit: Source, ARNOLD, MOSIG and HEYMANN.

Information from a British report dated October 28, 1944: ARNOLD worked directly under the supervision of the Embassy and was nominally director of C/a. de Lanas, Ayala 10.

Information from Vice Consul N. O. Titus' files: A request was made that subject be detained in Spain and examined. A packet of 20.000 pounds sterling in banknotes was found in Restaurante Condor (Jorge Juan, 68, Madrid) and subject was arrested. The Spanish police searched his domicile but their efforts were in vain.

Information from a British report dated May 28, 1945: When Arthur GEBAUER, Abwehr agent, was in Berlin in January 1944, he was introduced to ARNOLD from Madrid and told that he could apply to him, should he need anything in Spain. In August 1944 GEBAUER again got in touch with subject, who referred the case to Berlin. The suspension of Lufthansa services prevented GEBAUER's return to Germany and he remained in Spain partly on his own funds, partly assled by ARNOLD. Later ARNOLD told GEBAUER he could no longer supply him with funds and he must apply to HAMMES.

On August 24, 145, the D.G.S (Direccion General de Seguridad) charged against ARNOLD who had been arrested on June 12th, 1945, for counterfeit money transactions. However, the records show that subject was later released from prison.

General information provided by the office of Attache D.P. Medalie:

German. Born in Pforzheim March 22,1911 (year not clearly stablished). Arrived in Argentine about 1933 and was later employed by Thilo MARTENS of Martens & C/a., Av. 25 de Mayo 267, Buenos Aires, a prominent member of the NSDAP. Known to have been actively engaged with Alfredo MUELLER, who was then head of the Deutsche Arbeitsfront in Argentina, in underground activities, the two men generally believed to have been the leaders of anti-Allied sabotage in the Western Hemisphere. According to the report of the Taborda Committee of the Argentine Congress, he was in receipt of a monthly salary of 500 pesos paid by the Union of Cultural and Benevolent Societies (formerly the Argentine NSDAP), and was supreme chief of the Gestapo and of the so-called Assault Troops (Sturm abteilung or SA).

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The same source also referred to meetings which he had held with leaders of the National Socialist Societies and with ex-convicts who had been responsible for a series of acts of terror in late 1934 and early 1935. As a result of the above, and order for his arrest and deportation was issued but, after hiding in the German Embassy, he escaped to Uruguay where he was kept under "open" arrest in the Hotel Maas, Montevideo. He sailed for Brasil on September 1, 1940. He was not allowed to land at Santos, but on arrival at Rio de Janeiro he was seen off by the police on the L.A.T.I. plane on September 7, 1940.

In Madrid since at least the summer 1942, working for the SD under cover of employment as director of Compania General de Lanas, subsidiary of Sofindus. Engaged in recruiting and running courier in Spanish transatlantic vessels, either personally or through a cut-out in Sofindus. Also served as a cover address for correspondence to and from agents in South America, frequently receiving clandestine consignments of mail and commodities at his office. Specialized in political information concerning South America and Spain. Travelled to Bilbao, Irun, San Sebastian, Barcelona and Valencia, and during 1943 went three times to Germany. Visited Vigo in September 1944.

Height 5,7 (170 cm); thickset built, round face, fair hair, brown eyes, ruddy complexion with pimples. Passports: (1) N° 308/1940 issued Buenos Aires; (2) N° 1952/42 issued Berlin May 20, 1942; (3) N° 1536. Address:May 1943, private: Calle Lista 76, 3 floor left, Madrid; 1944, office: Calle Ayala, 10. Tfn. 67164 and 53131, Madrid. Private address: Calle Lista 76, 3 rd floor left, Madrid.

From Sunday Times 1946, August 25, p.1: NAZI SPY DEPORTED

MADRID, Sat: Karl ARNOLD Nazi spy who was brought to the airport in a coma from an over dose of sleeping tablets, was deported with 14 Germans by air to Frankfurt. Arnold took the pills during the night in a reported attempt at suicide.

Others deported included a woman, Karla BRANDT, ex-Secretary to the Gestapo Chief in Spain; Henrich BAUER, stated to be wanted in Britain, France and Belgium, and Walter MOSSIG, notorious member of the Gestapo.

Interrogation Report of Karl Gustav ARNOLD

Interrogated by W, Wendell Blancke, Foreign Service Officer: at Camp 76, Hohenasperg.on September 9, 11, 12, 17; at Wanasee .Internment Camp, Berlin, on October 15, 16, 18,21, 24,29, 31, and November 5, 8, 12, 1946. Language_,Spanish. Berlin, Germany, November 20, .1946.

I. Introduction

(...)

In view of the attempted suicide some difficulty was expected in interrogating ARNOLD, and at the outset he displayed considerable agility in avoiding being pinned down concerning his activities in Spain. But once it was demonstrated that the general scheme of his activities was known he began, to fill in many of the lacunae: apparently his own long training in intelligence work had schooled his nature to abhor the vacuum left by a missing fact, and he was anxious, once he had beg-on talking, to get the story straight, Moreover, ARNOLD 's common sense showed him that as a U.S. prisoner in occupied Germany he had nothing to gain by being stubborn; and his basic honesty made it hard for him to tell lies, or even half- truths.

The prisoner felt very strongly regarding the venality and corruption prevalent in Spanish officialdom; particularly in those who took money to protect him, then, once they had bled him dry, turned him over to the police. For many of his erstwhile German colleagues, too, he

19

seemed to feel indifference and a contempt that was easily explainable in the light of their general performance. Like others of his type, however, ARNOLD appeared to have pacted with himself not to volunteer information on unbroached subjects, and for this reason there may easily be aspects of his activity which were-missed -entirely in the present interrogation

II. Chronological Guide

Early Background. Born at Pforzheim, March 22, 191 1, of Karl Wilhelm ARNOLD and Christine VOLLE.. Prisoner was baptized Karl Gustav but never used middle name, Married in 1535, has one son and one daughter.

Primary school from 6-9 years of age; .secondary school from 9-15; finished one year of commercial high school {Hoehere Handelsschule) in a half year. Entered as apprentice in jewel-manufacturing establishment of Oscar BENTNER at Belfortstrasse 19, Pforzheim, where he perfected himself in office routine. Finished apprenticeship July 31, 1929, and on August 19 emigrated to Argentina aboard the SS General Belgrano.

Argentina

I929 Worked as commercial employee of Lahusen y Cla.Ltda., at Paseo Colon 315, Buenos Aires.

1931 Joined N.S.D.A.P.

1932 Employed by Merck, Quimica Argentina S.A., Buenos Aires.

1935 Took three-month leave to Germany, got married in Leonberg and returned with wife to Buenos Aires.

1937 Accepted job as full-time employee in central office of Landesgruppe Argentinien, at 300 pesos a month.

1938 Made Organisationsleiter of Landesgruppe, salary raised to 500 pesos.

1939 Wife suffering from Buenos Aires climate, returned to Germany in August to stay. July I940. As part of general investigation of Nazi activities by Argentine Congressional Committee, prisoner hailed before Argentine police and told to desist from Party activities. On Embassy's advice, packed up and left for Montevideo. Uruguayan authorities gave him three weeks to leave country.

August I940 Left for Brazil on SS Hawaii Maru. After stay of about three weeks managed to obtain passage on L.A.T.I. airplane for Europe. September 1940 Reached Rome on September 31

Germany

October 1940 Arrived Berlin October 4, presented himself to Ernst Wilhelm BOHLE, Chief of the Auslandsorganisation. No openings in AO,. but BOHLE promised to find something. Prisoner volunteered for army, then took short leave to visit parents and wife in Pforzheim. A few hours before he was to be inducted at Spandau barracks in Berlin he was ordered to report for duty at R.S.H.A.

November 1940 Began work at Amt VI-D4, R.S.H.A., on November 1 Translated from Spanish to German, and later briefed agents going on missions to South America. Applied for SA membership.

December 1941 ordered to Baden Baden to try to develop SD contacts among Latin diplomats interned there awaiting exchange. Had no appreciable success.

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May 1942 Exchange effected, ARNOLD accompanied Brazilian diplomats to Biarritz, returning with Germans. Reported back to Berlin.

Spain

September 1942 Ordered to Madrid as special representative of Amt VI-D4, to establish and maintain clandestine courier service with South America. Lived at Hotel Nacional. In mid- September ARNOLD met up with Johannes Siegfried BECKER, head of SD espionage, in South America, who was awaiting chance to get to Argentina. During ensuing months BECKER and ARNOLD worked out bases of future courier system.

October 1942 Moved to apartment at Calle Lista 76, third floor. (Number of same house later changed to 72). Took trip to Bilbao with BECKER and enlisted services of Jorge DEMMEL for courier system. In mid-October prisoner obtained cover-employment with Compahia General de Lanas, at Calle Ayala 10, second floor: company was subsidiary of Sofindus, and ARNOLD obtained job through friendship with Anton WAHLE, assistant director of that company. Prisoner installed one-room office in the Cia. de Lanas, but his job with them was purely nominal.

December 1942 BECKER finally got off to Argentina as stowaway aboard SS Rita Garcia. January 1943 BECKER arrived in Argentina.

February 1943 ARNOLD called back to Berlin for consultation to report on courier plans. Kurt GROSS had taken over Amt VT-D4. After 4-6 days conferring with GROSS and PAEFFGEN, head of Amt Vl-D, prisoner visited his family - parents at Pforzheim and wife at Leonberg. Returned to Madrid after about three weeks' absence.

March 1943 First correspondence arrived from Buenos Aires via newly established courier system, in early, days of March, at the latest.

June-July I943 Dr. PAEFFGEN visited Madrid for about 10 days, having come to confer with Martin MEYWALD, Armin SCHMIDT and Ana de POMBO regarding projected establishment of a dress-shop. PAEFFGEN lived for eight days at Calle Lista 72 with ARNOLD.

August 1943 Prisoner advised by Amt VI that wife was seriously ill, given permission to return for visit. Remained with wife, at Leonberg about 15 days till she was out of danger. Spent two or three days conferring in Berlin, then returned to Madrid. after three weeks' absence.

November 1943 Major Eli'as BELMONTE PABON of Bolivia arrived in Madrid from Berlin. Arnold accompanied him (on orders, from Amt VI) to Bilbao. There they met BELMONTE's half-brother, Ruben SARDON PABON, who had just arrived from Argentina. ARNOLD drove the two to Madrid and afterwards saw them across the frontier at Hendaye.en route for Berlin.

January 1944. Flew to Berlin for consultation and visit with his family. Remained eight days in capital, was consulted on project to send cutter Passim to South America with SD agents; BELMONTE and Bolivian Revolution also discussed.

April-May 1944 GROSS, who had been to France to see Passim off, returned via San Sebastian and called ARNOLD, MEYWALD, SCHMIDT and de POMBO there for

21

conference. GROSS' trip through Spain was only pretext to stock up on cigarettes, cognac, coffee and silk stockings (as was usual), and conference was a joke.

September 1944 Prisoner went to Vigo to await arrival of Passim, imminent return of which had been announced to him by Berlin. Returned to Madrid with Heinz LANGE, Amt VI agent who had been aboard; with them they brought correspondence from Argentina, which ARNOLD forwarded to Berlin.

March 1945 Max SCHNEEMAM and Hans Christian ZUEHLSDOKF arrived in Madrid, separately.

May 1945 With end of war ARNOLD liquidated his organization and left cover-job with Cia de Lanas.

June 1 945 Arrested by Spanish Police on June 21 for alleged implication in affair of the forged British banknotes. Held 21 days incomunicado in Direction General de Seguridad, then transferred to Provincial Prison of Madrid at Carabanchel.

October 1945 Released October 16 on 5,000 Pesetas bail, by Juzgado de Instruction no. 3. Lived for next three months clandestinely at a small hotel in Las Navas del Marques, after which he moved, still in hiding, to Calle Fuentes 10. Was in possession of false identity papers in name of Carlos Alonso KLEIBEL. Dealings with Spanish Intelligence.

July 1946 Moved to San Juan de la Arena, Asturias, living at Casa Tona.

August 1946 Arrested in Asturias by Spanish police and brought back to Madrid. After five days in jail was repatriated by air on August 23. Before leaving took twelve tablets of Luminal, which he described as "enough to kill a bull", but when he came to he was in Germany.

III. Activities in Argentina The Landesgruppe Argentinien

As mentioned in the chronological guide ARNOLD became a full-time employee of the central office of the Nazi Party in Argentina in 1937, and a year and a half later became administrative head of the Landesgruppe. As Organisationsleiter he had two chief sets of duties: 1) to organizo rallies, meetings and assemblies, and handle all matters which were strictly administrative; 2) after the war started, to take care of German youths and girls who wanted to go back to the Fatherland and volunteer for war service. ARNOLD was not a good orator and never spoke at Party gatherings. The political reports which went monthly to Berlin were considered the sole province of the Landesgruppenleiter,

Alfred MUELLER.

The prisoner also made not infrequent trips into the Argentine interior, principally among German colonist enterprises such as the one at Colonia Liebig in the territory of Misiones. On these trips ARNOLD'S chief mission was to look into the economic welfare of the settlers, as these colonies were a joint semi-official undertaking of the Embassy and the Landesgruppe, which went halves on the expenses. When the colonists in certain sections became destitute as the result of a two-years' drought, for example, it was ARNOLD'S job to arrange for their repatriation to Germany. The cost of their fares was charged to Reichkosten and came from the Reich itself via the Embassy: the German Government had

22

an agreement with the German steamship companies to transport the colonists (both ways) at half-price. The cost of succoring destitute settlers with food and clothing, as in the case of the drought regions, was borne by the local Winterhilfswerk

The fact of the continuous squabbling between the Landesgruppe and the German Ambassador Edmund von THERMANN is well known, and ARNOLD was questioned briefly on the subject. The prisoner characterized von THERMANN as a liar and the worst type of diplomat, a man who could never be trusted. ARNOLD, of course, was a close friend of Alfred MUELLER, the Landesgruppenleiter, who was von THERMANN's sworn enemy. When MUELLER returned to Germany in 1940, he managed to wangle an interview with von RIBBENTROP, and told the Foreign Minister to his face that von THERMANN was not to be trusted and was absolutely impossible to work with. RIBBENTROP drew himself up, red in the face, and shouted: how dare MUELLER say that of one of his ambassadors. But MUELLER stuck to his guns and presented his list of some twenty accusations against the Ambassador; and eventually von THERMANN was called back to Germany to answer them.

In Argentina the Landesgruppe had sporadic contact with the Spanish Falange and somewhat less with the Italian Fascio; but relations were largely limited to the mutual sending of representatives to celebrations of patriotic occasions. Gottfried SANDSTEDE, the German Press Attache, always maintained that the Germans and British in Buenos Aires should establish some sort of sub rosa contact, since he claimed that economically they were both enemies of the United States in Argentina; but to the prisoner's knowledge this never progressed beyond a project in the mind of SANDSTEDE.

The Graf Spee Sailors

When the Graf Spee was scuttled in December 1939, ARNOLD was on vacation in the southern lake region: when he returned in late January 1940 the crew was already interned at the Immigration Hotel in the port of Buenos Aires. As Organisationsleiter of the Party the prisoner's duty was then to do everything he could to enliven the mariners' sojourn. He arranged trips to the various German athletic clubs, picnic lunches, et cetera; he also saw that they were represented at the regular patriotic reunions, for example, the German national holiday on May 1 and the Solstice Festival at the Neuen Deutschen Turnverein in Vicente Lopez. ARNOLD averred thit his part in aiding the flight of the Graf Spee officers was an unimportant one, being limited to once taking two of them to Cordoba in his car. He professed not to know anything about how false documents were obtained for the fugitives, although he admitted he knew this was being done.

Expulsion from Argentina

In 1939-40 a series of actions was carried out against the National Socialist organization by the Damonte TABORDA investigating committee and the democratic society, Accion Argentina. Proceedings began against the person of Alfred MUELLER and various prominent Party members, especially those in Colonia Liebig in Misiones, and eventually reached ARNOLD. In mid-1940 the prisoner was warned by a German-Argentine who had infiltrated Accion Argentina that in a month or six weeks he would be investigated. The tipster, whose name ARNOLD could not recall, was a descendant of Germans who did not speak German, a boy in his early twenties who worked in one of the offices in the building of the Banco Germanico. He was a former member of the early Argentine fascist Legion Civica who had succeeded in joining Accion Argentina -completely on his own initiative and without prompting by the Germans- for the purpose of spying on the members and sowing confusion whenever the opportunity offered itself.

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ARNOLD did not act on the warning, as he considered he was doing nothing illegal, and in July 1940 he was hailed before the Orden Social section of the Argentine police. He was shown into a room full of people and immediately accosted by an official who began shouting at him; the burden of the lecture was that ARNOLD must stop his traveling on the Party's behalf, he must go to his home and remain there until called again by the police, and, above all, he must not go to German Embassy and tell of his interview with the police. As he finished, the official, who had his back to the others, tipped ARNOLD a broad wink. The prisoner did not know the identity-of this police officer -he was just told by the police he had to go in and see "the chief" but he described him as short, dark and thin. (Note: according to the interrogator's recollection the inspectors then in charge of Orden Social were MORANO and BIETTI.). ARNOLD, of course, took the wink for what it was worth, and went immediately to the German Embassy with his story. There he was advised to pack up and leave, which he did.

He traveled perfectly openly to Montevideo by the night boat, using his cedula de idantidad - a document which is carried by most resident foreigners as well as by natives in Argentina - and put up at the Hotel Nogaro. Next day he bought a paper and read to his surprise that Karl ARNOLD had been "expelled" from Argentina by a decree signed by Acting President CASTILLO.

The prisoner considered that since he had left the country the decree of expulsion might be considered fulfilled, but he nevertheless went into hiding in the boarding house of a German widow; the address was given him by the secretary of minister LANGMANN (the widow herself did not know he was a fugitive). ARNOLD then heard the Uruguayan authorities were looking for him and went to LANGMANN for advice: the Minister was Landesgruppenleiter for Uruguay, and he and the prisoner called each other du. According to LANGMANN the police had already been in touch with the Legation and had left word that if ARNOLD could be reached he should be informed that the police would like to have a friendly talk with him -they gave their word of honor that he would not be arrested. ARNOLD knew better than to put much trust in a Latin American's word of honor, but on LANGMANN 's advice he called on the Uruguayan police chief CASAS, accompanied by an official of the Legation.

The police chief told him that he must return to Buenos Aires immediately, to which the prisoner replied: why should he, when he had just been expelled from there. The Uruguayan then alleged that ARNOLD had entered the country illegally, and the prisoner, countered that he had done, nothing of the sort, having come in with his Argentine cedula. (Note: travel by cedula only was legal and usual between Argentina and Uruguay.) CASAS, however, maintained that ARNOLD 's entry should have been effected only through a passport and visa, and, in spite of the "word of honor", ARNOLD was arrested then and there. He was not put in jail, but allowed to live in the Hotel Maas under guard of two policemen; he might leave the house, but only in the company of his guards. He stayed in the hotel three weeks.

The prisoner meanwhile got a lawyer and proved that his entry into Uruguay had been legal, whereupon the Uruguayan authorities made out a decree of expulsion and got it signed. ARNOLD interposed habeas corpus but did not have any expectations from it, so when he had a chance he left for Brazil. He managed to got a thirty-day transit visa for that country, and after being refused passage on the Moore McCormack Steamship Line he boarded the SS Hawaii Maru for Rio de Janeiro; this was in the last days of August or on the first of September, 1940.

When the ship reached the Brazilian port of Santos ARNOLD he was called into conference with the captain of the ship, CONDOW, and the Santos representative of the Japanese line, and advised to leave the vessel there and proceed by rail to Rio, since there was no guarantee that he would be allowed to continue to the Brazilian capital; the Santos authorities had given him permission to leave the Hawaii Maru and continue by train.

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ARNOLD was in a quandary, but succeeded in persuading the captain to put him through by telephone to the German Embassy at Rio. The Embassy told him to stay aboard at all costs, and he did, continuing the voyage without further mishap. After about three weeks' stay in Brazil the prisoner obtained a seat on one of the L.AT.I. airplanes.for Europe. He arrived in Rome on September 31 and in Berlin on October 4, 1940.

Espionage personalities in Argentina

The prisoner was questioned briefly concerning his connections in Buenos Aires with individuals with whom he later had relations in the German intelligence service. These were Walter Eugen MOSIG, Johannes Siegfried BECKER, Kurt GROSS and Heinz LANGE.

MOSIG, who was later a' special representative of Amt VI in Spain, was known to ARNOLD slightly in Buenos Aires. He was working there in the early 30's as a free-lance businessman representing German firms.

BECKER, who later became chief of SD espionage for South America, was in 1937-38 the representative of the Deutsches Handwerk in Argentina. His rather vague mission was to arrange for sending German and German-Argentine artisans to the Reich for a training course, and to propagandize for German craft-work.

Kurt GROSS, later chief of Amt VI-D4 in Berlin, worked in Argentina in the 30's as assistant to the chemist in the Bauer & Helbing paint factory. GROSS corresponded occasionally with ARNOLD in later years, -once from Spain during the Civil War, once from Kehl when he was with the Gestapo there, and once or twice from Berlin.

Heinz LANGE the prisoner met in Buenos Aires about a month before he left the country. He came to ARNOLD'S office one day, at N.S.D..A.P. headquarters, and said he had been recommended to call by GROSS in Berlin: the prisoner believed that GROSS had probably suggested his name as one who could be of use to LANGO in getting to know the country. LANGE told ARNOLD he had just arrived as representative of Amt VI for South America, and asked for his help; at the same time he offered his aid in the matter of the GrafSpee escapes. The prisoner believed that LANGE did indeed help out in the latter activity, but he himself left the country within the month and never collaborated to any extent with the SD agent.

Heinz LANGE was an old Party-member who had been expelled from membership for his part in an anti-Party Putsch in Danzig, after which he emigrated to Paraguay in 1926 or 1927. There he married the daughter of an honorary German consul. LANGE was also a relative of Bruno FRICKE, Otto STRASSER's Schwarze Front representative in Buenos Aires, who later founded the Freies Deutschland movement there. FRICKE's wife was a SCHADE, and LANGE's sister was married to a Mr. SCHADE in Paraguay.

LANGE returned to Germany at the time war broke out, to volunteer for the army -ARNOLD did not know how he had joined up with Amt VI. He also applied for SS membership but his application somehow got bogged down. He arrived in Argentina in 1940 by airplane.

According to the prisoner, LANGE was not very useful as an intelligence agent -he was an activist who would be good for a sabotage mission, but he had no conception of how to put together a report and it was quite explainable that when Siegfried BECKER took hold of the reins in Argentina, rancor arose between him and LANGE.

IV. Activities in the R.S.H.A.. Berlin

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Arrival

When he arrived in Berlin in October 1940 ARNOLD immediately presented himself at the offices of the Auslandsorganisation and obtained an interview with Gauleiter Ernst W. BOHLE. BOHLE said he did not quite know where, to employ him, as there were at the moment no suitable vacancies in the AO, but assured him that he would be taken care of somehow. ARNOLD thereupon went to a recruiting center and volunteered for the army, after which he took a leave and visited his parents and wife at Pforzheim and Leonberg. . Apparently BOHLE's organization had been active on the prisoner's behalf, for when he returned to the capital and was preparing to go in two hours time to the Spandau barracks for induction into the Wehrmacht, he was informed by representative of the Sicherheitsdienst that a special arrangement had been made with the army for him to work in the Reichssicherheitshauptamt.

The R.S.H.A. was at that time interested in getting people with South American experience who spoke fluent Spanish. ARNOLD signed a contract and went to work on November 1. Questioned as to the nature of this document, the prisoner explained that it was not a contract for a period of time but merely a formality to satisfy the Labor Bureau. Regular laborers had an Arbeitsbuch, but office employees had to have some sort of document to prevent their being pressed into service in a war plant or similar occupation. ARNOLD thus became a Vertragsangestellter or contracted employee. Into this class fell the secretarial help and clerks in the R.S.H.A., they were given a grey pass instead of a red one. (The red pass showed that the bearer was a special agent of the SD, with permission to carry a pistol, travel free, make arrests et cetera.)

Duties

ARNOLD was assigned to Amt VI-D4, the South American desk, and was at first put to work in making translations from Spanish to German. Subsequently, he was given the job of preparing prospective agents for service in South America and briefing them in their work. Only in 1940 had the SD started sending agents for service in South America and briefing them in their work. Only in I940 had the SD started sending agents to the Western Hemisphere -this had previously boon forbidden by HITLER himself: the Fuehrer feared to disturb existing diplomatic relations, especially with the United States, According to the prisoner anyone whose espionage activities caused trouble in North America at that time was to have been shot.

ARNOLD, having recently returned from Argentina, briefed the agents on probable travel conditions, what documents would be necessary, and above all how to avoid attracting attention. He told them a good bit about life in South America and gave them a set of "general rules." He also instructed the agents in what Amt VI wanted to know: especially when Walter SCHELLENBERG took over the Amt there was great interest in political reporting. The prisoner got the agents their funds, told them where to go for their radio- operating courses, et cetera. In those days the microdot camera had not yet been perfected: ARNOLD understood it was originally a Russian invention but too cumbersome for use in the field, and that its later practical form was the work of Professor ZAPP of Dresden.

Agents sent to South America

In 1940 Heinz LANGE was sent to Chile and Paraguay (via Argentina), Siegfried BECKER was sent to Brazil and Argentina, Wolf FRANCZOK went to Brazil, and Hans SCHUERER STOLLE to Argentina. Jonni HARTMUTH was also sent to Paraguay, but ARNOLD had no

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contact with him as he was originally destined for the United States and was sent abroad by Amt VI-D2 {Referat North America). Excepting for LANGE all the above have since been apprehended, wherefore the prisoner was not asked for details regarding their early activities, which he knew at best only from hearsay. Another agent, or rather semi-agent, was ENGLING, who went to Brazil by airplane while BECKER was there. This individual represented a German commercial house the name of which ARNOLD did not recall, and it was he who later sent in an unfavorable report on BECKER and FRANCZOK (see below).

As soon as the agents began operating to an appreciable extent the lack of satisfactory lines of communication became noticeable. Reports took a long time to get back to Berlin and in many cases were practically valueless. BECKER'S most trustworthy channel was airmail sent via L.A.T.I. to the cover-address JANNICKE-ORTNER in Berlin. JANNICKE was the owner of a small leather-factory (Ortner meaning "leatherworker"), and when mail arrived from South America he called up Amt VI and they sent a car over to pick it up.

The first clandestine transmitter set up during the early part of the war met with too many difficulties to be effective. The apparatus was installed aboard an interned German merchant-vessel in the Santos harbor with one of the ship's German radio-operators doing the transmitting, but soon after it started functioning it was localized by the Brazilian police and the operators had to flee. The equipment was only saved by quick work. The next installed themselves in a private house, but were soon spotted there and from that time on were in constant flight. The intelligence activity of Amt VI, ARNOLD affirmed, was without practical value in the period 1940-42 because of the lack of effective channels of communication.

As mentioned above, the businessman-agent ENGLING took it upon himself in 1941 to send in a very unfavorable report on BECKER, as well as on FRANCZOK; apparently the former had been having an affair with the wife of the Brazilian Minister of Public Works and had succeeded in making her pregnant. ARNOLD distinctly recalled that Amt VI telephoned BECKER at a private number in Rio de Janeiro, at the end of 1941, and ordered him to return to Berlin, (Note: contrast this with the testimony of Hedwig SOMMER, who said BECKER returned on his own initiative.) When BECKER got back to Berlin he went into a series of conferences with SCHOLLENBERG and Sturmbannfuehrer DAUFELDT, then head of Amt Vl-D. Although ARNOLD knew that BECKER was subsequently sent back to take charge of all SD espionage in lower.South America, he knew no details of the conferences since he himself was sent in the meanwhile to Baden Baden. Had the prisoner been, in Berlin BECKER would have doubtless told him the whole story, since the two were friends from their days together in Buenos Aires,

Relations with SCHELLENBERG: ARNOLD 's SA and SS affiliation.

Although ARNOLD had little contact with Walter SCHELLENBERG during his days in the Amt, he was later received briefly by his chief on each of the three occasions when he was called back to Madrid for consultation. In addition to the usual interrogatory regarding the political situation in Spain, SCHELLENBERG once asked ARNOLD to prepare him a detailed report setting forth his views in the matter of employing women as intelligence agents, The prisoner's reply was to the effect that he thought very few women apt for such work, owing to their general lack of more than a superficial grasp of politics.

The prisoner was then questioned regarding'a report that SCHELLENBERG had offered him honorary SS-rank and that he had refused it. It was not SCHELLENBERG who had made the offer, ARNOLD said, but rather his chiefs GEPPERT and DAUFELDT who constantly importuned him in that direction. At the time of his entry into the R.S.H.A. his two superiors

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assured him that they could get for him the SS-rank of Untersturmfuhrer (second lieutenant), and they pressed blank application forms upon him. When they later reverted to the matter ARNOLD told them that, firstly, his wife suffered from epilepsy and he believed that that was considered a hereditary disease; and, secondly, he would not be willing to leave the (Protestant) church. In spite of repeated assurances that the epilepsy would not stand in his way, ARNOLD stuck to his refusals and said he was satisfied to be a member of the SA. His real reason, which he did not tell to DAUFELDT and GEPPERT, was that he then hoped to leave the SD service as soon as the war was over, which might be difficult for a member of the SS.

The story of the prisoner's SA affiliation is as follows: In Argentina there had been no regular SA in the Landesgruppe, but the so-called Sportabteilung was considered its equivalent and ARNOLD, as Organisationsleiter, had charge of this department: he managed such activities as Party swimming, boxing, gymnasium work, soccer football, et cetera. Since he did not wish to join the SS when he came to Germany, the prisoner applied to join the SA, and in due course was informed verbally that he had been named an SA-Sturmfuehrer of the Reserve. This was not an honorary position, but neither was it active; ARNOLD never did quite understand his status. In any event, he filled out many papers, but had not finished with them all before he was sent to Spain. As a consequence he never received any kind of diploma or membership card, and never got an SA uniform.

Ewald GEPPERT and Toni KURFUERST

GEPPERT, who was head of Amt VI-D4 when the prisoner went to work there, was described by ARNOLD as a "gangster." He had once sustained a leg injury and was somewhat lame, having to spend considerable time away from the office owing to complications from his injury. GEPPERT was a. misanthrope and quite unpossessed of scruples when it came to making promises of any sort. He was later transferred to one of the sections of Amt Vl-F, whore false documents were procured and/or manufactured.

One of GEPPERT' s confidants and agents was Toni KURFUERST, the valet of the Brazilian Ambassador at Berlin; ARNOLD believed him to be an Austrian from his accent. KURFUERST had been many years in the service of the Brazilian Embassy and had offered his services voluntarily to Amt VI. He delivered to GEPPERT highly valuable reports on everything that, was said and done in the Embassy. It was through this agent that the SD learned that the Brazilian Ambassador was a sworn enemy of Germany, and that during the Allied air raids he became delirious with joy, even running into his garden and flashing a lantern to help the bombers,

KURFUERST, however, ceased his collaboration with Amt VI some time before Brazil broke diplomatic relations with Germany and the Embassy was closed. GEPPERT had promised him the rank of Untersturmfuehrer in the SS, but KURFUERST was a Catholic and refused to leave the Church. The application was therefore turned down, and KURFUERST withdrew sulkily from his SD connections.

Kurt GROSS

GROSS, the last head of Amt VI-D4, was described by ARNOLD as 35-37 years old, and born in a small town in the Province of Baden. ARNOLD met him in Buenos Aires in 1 931 , when they both joined the N.S.D.A.P. at the same time as mentioned above GROSS worked in the Bauer and Helbing paint factory. At the time the prisoner knew him in Argentina GROSS was a fanatic Nazi idealist who sacrificed much time and money for the Party. In 1934 he returned to Germany, making the trip as deck-hand on a tramp steamer because he had very little money.

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Once in the Reich GROSS joined the SS and obtained a low-salaried job in the Gestapo. During the Spanish Civil War he served in the counter-espionage branch of the Condor Legion, for which he was decorated. He was then assigned to the Gestapo, again in counter-espionage, at Kehl am Rhein, transferring after a period of time, to Amt VI, which sent him to Biarritz. While on the latter job GROSS had a brawl with a German general and was recalled and sent back to the Gestapo to work in the Berlin offices (Amt IV). He there rose to the rank of Kommissar, after which he was again called to Amt VI and put in charge of VI-D4 under Theodor PAEFFGEN.

During all this time ARNOLD'S only contact with GROSS was through occasional letters. From his later experiences with his chief, however, the prisoner gathered that GROSS became one of the many disillusioned Nazis who thought of nothing but personal comfort, resolved to extract from his position as many material advantages as possible, although he was a capable and intelligent man with a feeling for intrigue, GROSS fell down because of his failure to judge men: as a result of this he picked a series of incompetents and knaves to carry out his missions abroad.

GROSS enjoyed considerable ill fame among his subordinates for his overbearing and grasping ways. His principle thought during the latter years was how to obtain more cognac, cigarettes, coffee, silk stockings for his lady friends, et cetera. In this, ARNOLD, of course, was in a position to help him, and his chief did not hesitate to burden the prisoner frequently with long "shopping lists." In common with the rest of the Embassy and associated staffs in Madrid, ARNOLD was allowed to send home three kilograms a week through the diplomatic pouch; but although, he tried to send as much as he could to his wife and parents. GROSS' demands used up a large portion of the allotted space. Also, every time that ARNOLD was ordered to Berlin for consultation, GROSS accompanied the order with a list of things he wanted. When ARNOLD sent presents to the employees of the Amt, GROSS always expropriated the lion's share before the recipients, had a chance to get at them: of every three boxes of oranges that ARNOLD sent, for example, GROSS took two. This type of behavior soon became known in the Amt as Groseria.

Another of GROSS ' unpleasant characteristics was that of making bombastic threats against the lives of agents with whose work he was dissatisfied. In the case of PESCOLLER, ZIEGRA and BUNGARD, all of whom turned put to be both useless and dishonest, GROSS sent them menacing letters and even demanded of ARNOLD that to have them murdered. The prisoner replied sharply, telling GROSS not to be childish and saying that only if he received a letter from SCHELLENBERG himself would he even contemplate compliance with such a ridiculous order. Aside from the stickiness of such a job, ARNOLD'S value as an intelligence agent would be ended if he were forced to start killing off subordinates for inefficiency. Moreover, the prisoner said, it was GROSS ' fault for sending abroad such a collection of incompetent rascals in the first place.

The prisoner described Kurt GROSS as follows: Age: 35 years (GROSS was born in 191 1, the same year as ARNOLD). Height: 6 feet. Weight: About. 155 lbs. Hair: Black. Eyes: Black Nose: Long and straight. Lips: Thick. Skin: White. Face: Long. Build: Athletic, dancing- master type. Appearance: Elegant

Languages: German, indifferent Spanish and French. Physical defects: None. Nationality:German

The Latin-American Desk at the R.S.H.A.

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There follows a brief study of the coijiosition of the so-called Referat Latin America during ARNOLD 's time in Berlin, including reference to its changing position within the scheme of Amt V7of the R.S.H.A.

At first the head of Amt VI was SS-Brigadefuehrer JOST; who was replaced in late 1 941 by SS-BrigadefuehrerV\la\ter SCHELLENBERG.

Until 1941 Latin America came under Amt Vl-B, the head of which was SS- Sturmbannfuehrer ROSSNER: Vl-B handled Italy, France, Spain and Latin America. The last-named section, called VI-B4, was under Sturmbannfuehrer GEPPERT. At that time Amt Vl-D, under SS-Sturmbannfuehrer DAUFELDT, comprised the United States, Canada and Great Britain. In 1941, ROSSNER was sent to the eastern front and Latin America was put under DAUFELDT in Vl-D; GEPPERT remained head of the Latin American desk, now designated VI-D4. In I942 DAUFELDT was sent to Switzerland as a vice consul and his place as head of Vl-D taken by SS-Sturmbannfuehrer (later Obertsurmbannfuehrer) Dr. Theodor PAEFFGEN. GEPPERT remained in charge of VI-D4 for a time.

While ARNOLD was employed in VI-D4 the composition of the Latin American desk was the following:

Chief: SS-Untersturmfuehrer GEPPERT

Walter BOEHME left 1944 for front

Kurl ARNOLD left 1942 for Spain

Hans SCHUERER STOLLE left 1942 for Argentina

Miss NAGORSEN left Amt 1944

Mrs. Hedwig SOMMER remained till 1945

After ARNOLD left for Spain Kurt GROSS was made head of VI-D4 and the number of employees was gradually increased. GROSS brought with him his former Gestapo associate Robert GROSSE, whom the prisoner never met, and added, to ARNOLD'S knowledge: HINTZE.RUNGE, and the Misses RUDAT, KREDDIG, AHRENS, NEUMANN, UTTO and DRESSENDOERFER. Others who, he believed, were subsequently associated with VT-D4 were Untersturmfuuhrer HAMMAN and SS-Sturmbannfuehrer Dr. Willy SCHMITZ. The latter held the police rank of Kriminaldirektor and transferred to Amt VI from Amt IV shortly before or shortly after the prisoner went to Spain. ..

V. Assignment at Baden Baden

When after Pearl Harbor the majority of the South American states severed diplomatic relations with Germany, the members of some of the missions were interned at Brenner's Park Hotel in Baden Baden while they awaited exchange with the German diplomats who were to arrive from Lisbon. The representatives of Uruguay, Paraguay, Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador and Peru arrived at Baden Baden at the end of 1941, according to the prisoner, and Amt VI believed it saw a good chance to meet and make contact with the group as a whole; it was therefore decided to send a man to attempt to gain some of the internees for future collaboration with the SD and the German cause. ARNOLD was given the mission, owing to his mastery of Spanish.

He was camouflaged as an interpreter of the German Foreign Ministry and adhered rather closely to that duty, putting himself at the disposal of the internees and even giving German lessons to some of them. ARNOLD'S pupils included the daughter of the Uruguayan Minister, Virgilio SAMPOGNARO, the wife of the Uruguayan First Secretary (who was SAMPOGNARO's son), and the Charge d'affaires of Bolivia, whose name the prisoner could not recall. SAMPOGNARO was subsequently posted to Spain: ARNOLD once saw his two

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daughters in a Madrid railway station, but naturally avoided letting them see him. Asked if he had heard anything of an affair in Madrid between Armin SCHMIDT and one of the SAMPOGNARO girls — a relationship alleged by Martin MEYWALD in his interrogation — the prisoner said that he had not; but he added that it would not surprise him, as SCHMIDT had affairs with numerous women, many of them from the diplomatic corps.

Although some of the internees were sympathetic to the German cause, ARNOLD had no success in enlisting anyone as a future agent for the SD. Those who showed themselves pro-German came mostly from the Peruvian group: there were a number of young Peruvian students, proteges of Mme. Edith FAUPEL, who decided to remain in Germany and continue their studios. As a group the Brazilians, Uruguayans, Bolivians and Ecuadorans were either indifferent to the Reich or actively inimical. The Paraguayan representative was an old general whose only thought was to exploit the black market in foreign exchange and to prey on Jews who wanted to flee from Germany; he frequently enticed young Jewesses' into his rooms on the pretext of arranging their escape, (The internees enjoyed a large amount of freedom and physical comfort, their movements within a limited sphere being practically unhindered.)

ARNOLD was quizzed briefly regarding the Peruvians who remained in Germany, several possible names being suggested to him. He recollected Dr. Victor MANCHEGO as one: MANCHEGO, he said, worked during the day at broadcasting in Spanish and at night at the Charity Hospital in Berlin, where he almost killed himself from overwork. Dr. Reinaldo ESPINOZA was also recalled by ARNOLD (he was another who broadcast for Germany) and there was a second younger ESPINOZA who eventually returned to Peru. The only other Peruvian student whom the prisoner remembered was one who had the nickname of CULEBRON.

Two Peruvian diplomats had already agreed to work for the German Foreign Ministry before ARNOLD arrived at Baden Baden. These were PAZ, the Vice Consul at Hamburg, and Miguel CERRO CEBRlAN, the Charge d'Affaires. PAZ had fought as a volunteer in the German army during World War I and had lost an arm in combat. CERRO CEBRlAN: ARNOLD later contacted in Madrid, and used him occasionally as one of his sources for political intelligence. The prisoner said he suspected that near the end of the war CERRO CEBRlAN attempted to collaborate with the United States Embassy in Madrid. :

Having failed to enlist a single South American who was willing actively to work with the SD once he returned to his own country, the prisoner spent his time attending to the personal wants of the internees and trying thus to build up at least, some good will towards Germany. He often accompanied them to the gaming tables at the Baden Baden casino, and recalled that he had once taken the Bolivian Charge d'affaires and the Bolivian Consul out through the hotel kitchen as a sort of lark to avoid the Gestapo check. These last two often went out with ARNOLD, but he could not recall their names. The prisoner was asked if the Abwehr had gained any collaborators among the diplomats, and replied that all he knew in that connection was that he once saw an ARNOLD agent approaching SCHAUM, the Gestapo security man at the hotel, with a request to interview several of the Brazilian guests. ARNOLD did not know whether this individual had any success with the Brazilians or not. In May 1942 the diplomatic exchange was effected and ARNOLD accompanied the Brazilian group to Biarritz, going with the Germans back to Berlin. At about the same time the Bad Nauheim group, consisting of diplomats from the United States, Mexico, and the Central American countries, was also exchanged. ARNOLD 's colleague in Amt VI, John Walter BOEHLE was entrusted in Bad Nauheim with a mission similar to the prisoner's in Baden Baden, but met with similarly negligible success.

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VI. Assignment in Spain Establishment of the Courier Service

As previously mentioned, the work of the SD agents in Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Paraguay was being largely wasted in 1942 through the inadequacy of communications. The Italian airline L.A.T.I. had been forced to cease operating out of Rio de Janeiro shortly after Pearl Harbor, and reports forwarded in a makeshift manner through Spanish crew members were often lost or delivered indiscriminately to German consulates which did not know what to do with them. Sturmbannfuehrer DAUFELDT, then head of Amt Vl-D, decided finally to send ARNOLD to Spain to systematize a regular clandestine courier service between Madrid and Buenos Aires. He was named special representative of Amt Vl-D for Spain: he had no connection with Amt Vl-B, the regular desk which handled affairs for the Iberian peninsula, although he was naturally permitted to use the latter's facilities for communicating with Berlin.

The prisoner arrived in Madrid in early September, 1942. Shortly after his arrival he obtained camouflage employment with the Compania General de Lanas, one of the subsidiaries of Sofindus, where he earned a nominal salary of 500 Pesetas a month. He drew this money every payday, but immediately put it back in the cash box. ARNOLD was not under obligation to do any work for the wool company, but occasionally when the firm was especially busy he helped out in minor ways. For the rest, he made use of the company's office space and devoted himself to learning all he could about Spain and to organizing his courier service.

Siegfried BECKER had been in Spain since March 1942, waiting for an oportunity to get back to South America, so shortly after his arrival ARNOLD contacted BECKER and they started working out a communications system. From the very beginning it was recognized by the two that the actual recruitment of the couriers would be more feasible at the Buenos Aires end: in Argentina practically all the ships left from the capital port, whereas in Spain there were many ports throughout the country and it would be very difficult for ARNOLD, based of necessity in the capital, adequately to cover all the necessary ground.

BECKER finally got away from Spain in December 1942 as a stowaway aboard the SS Rita Garcia, through his friendship with the then first officer (later captain), Marcelino DIAZ CAMUS. Arriving in Buenos Aires in January 1943, the SD agent immediately set about getting recruits and obtained the intermediary services of two Spaniard's, Esteban AMORIN and Manolo de MIGUEL ARRASTIA, to go among the Spanish crews and enlist couriers. The service was quicKly set up, the first correspondence arriving in Madrid no later than the early days of March 1943.

At the Madrid end ARNOLD 's system worked in the following manner:

Berlin sent the regular mail for VI-B4 to Heinz SINGER, in the Office of the Police Attache, In it there would be a smaller envelope marked "For JOSE" (one of BECKER'S cover- names). SINGER then telephoned the prisoner, who picked the material up. ARNOLD did not open the correspondence, but kept it in a special drawer until the next courier should come to his office, in the meanwhile letting it be known through his organization. (see below) that he had something ready to go. When a courier appeared at his office, he repouched and sealed with sealing-wax whatever material had accumulated and gave it to the sailor, immediately advising Berlin by telegraph so that the home office might cable BECKER that correspondence was on its way. Both ARNOLD and BECKER were also very punctilious about promptly acknowledging receipt of any mail.

When the ship arrived in Buenos Aires, AMORIN or MIGUEL, and possibly others of the group, went aboard and contacted the seaman with some variation of the cuestion: "Has

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traido algo de alia?" ("Have you brought something from over there?"). This was preceded with the countersign "Saludos de Jose", or "Saludos de Pepe" (both cover-names of BECKER).. When ARNOLD 's men went to pick up mail coming the other way they would say: "Saludos de Carlos", or "Saludos del Gordo" (both meaning ARNOLD): in general, however, the couriers coming in from Argentina went themselves to the prisoner's office in Madrid.

Outgoing couriers had two addresses where they might go in Buenos Aires in the event that they were not met at the boat. The first of these was Padre Luis FERNANDEZ, Iglesia Carlos Pellegrini n°. 1, Buenos Aires." The second address was Boker & Cia. in Calle Moreno -the prisoner did not recall the exact street number. ARNOLD could not explain just what was meant by "Iglesia Carlos Pellegrini no, 1" -the address in question was not a proper address at all — but he did know that Padre FERNANDEZ church was the place where the priest could be contacted. Both addresses were furnished by BECKER after he had arrived and set up the Buenos Aires end of the system.

The prisoner was asked if Nicolas QUINTANA was a member of the group of AMORIN and MIGUEL. He replied that he recalled the name from Buenos Aires days as that of a minor chief of the Falange, but that he had never hoard of any connection between QUINTANA and the courier group.

In the latter part of 1943, when the ARNOLD-BECKER service was functioning at top efficiency, there were always from fifteen to eighteen Spanish seamen bringing and taking correspondence. Practically all of these wore recruited in Argentina, although a few were enlisted by ARNOLD'S assistants Jorge DEUMEL and Francisco GOICOECHEA (See below)

In general the sailors were picked from members of the Falange and/or the former Blue Division. Few of them took money for their services, being anti-communist fanatics : some, however, received an occasional 1,000 peseta bonus from ARNOLD when they delivered material to his office(Cf. the interrogation of Hedwig SOMMER, Amt Vl-D employee, who said: "... an impressive number of Spanish crew members- for the courier system, which was all the more remarkable for the fact that few of them were paid for their efforts..."). There was a constant turn-over in personnel, as the seamen often transferred to other ships to get better money and were continuously changing their routes;the ships, too, were often rerouted from one port of call to another.

The greatest difficulty in recruiting the seamen was in overcoming their fear of being taken prisoner by the British at Trinidad or Gibraltar, or at least of losing their jobs. Several of those who were discovered and prohibited further sailing on the high seas by the British navicert authorities were later employed by the prisoner as part of his local organization in Spain. One courier who was picked up in Gibraltar, and his correspondence confiscated, had in his possession several letters with ARNOLD'S name and address on them: this man's comrades circulated the rumor that he had been hanged by the British, but the prisoner was never able to confirm this.

In February 1944, when Argentina undertook a big spy roundup following its breach in relations with Germany, AMORIN, MIGUEL and others were arrested along with the gang of Wilhelm SEIDLITZ and Hans SCHUERER STOLLE. This dealt the courier system a blow from which it never recovered, although it was still possible to get an occasional envelope through.

Principally the crew members brought the regular intelligence reports from BECKER'S organization, but they also carried newspapers magazines and commercial newsletters. ARNOLD affirmed that he himself never sent or received contraband, but he admitted that

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sections of the Abwehr were occasionally allowed to use his seamen for that purpose. He was not aware of the nature of the contraband, but knew that Embassy was very much interested in obtaining crystallized insulin from Argentina. Asked about shark's liver extract (for night fighters' vision), the prisoner replied that he had heard of some such contraband which had been brought in tins, but did not really know what it was. He knew nothing about the smuggling of industrial diamonds. The interested Abwehr branch the prisoner believed to have been the commercial section -in any case it had offices on the top floor of the Embassy building, as ARNOLD occasionally got its courier mail by mistake, and vice versa. In reply to a query as to the identity of his couriers the prisoner pointed out that considerable time had passed since the organization was broken up in 1944; he did, however, remember the following:

Marcelino DIAZ CAMUS, of the Rita Garcia, enabled BECKER to stowaway in December 1942; about a year later he took a radio transmitter to Buenos Aires for ARNOLD, as well as a cypher-machine. This last was one of the Enigma machines nicknamed Lilli, which the prisoner believed was short for Lilliput. ARNOLD himself took the two machines to Santander in his automobile; and their receipt was later acknowledged by BECKER.

Jose Luis DIAZ, also of the Rita Garcia: later worked for ARNOLD in Spain.

ROBERTSON, of the Cabo de Buena Esperanza.

Francisco GARCIA: ship unrecalled.

Juan BEASCOECHEA: ARNOLD did not recall his ship, but knew that the British later forbade BEASCOECHEA from sailing. He worked for nothing.

Francisco GOICOECHEA: Ship unrecalled, also, later blacklisted by the British and worked for the prisoner in Spain.

Jose ARZAC: ARNOLD recalled only the name of this person.

ARNOLD 's Operational Organization

Although whenever possible the prisoner had his couriers cell at his office in Madrid, this was not always possible because of distances and sudden changes in sailing schedule's. ARNOLD therefore enlisted the aid of several helpers to represent him in the Spanish port's and to travel around when necessary.

The principal of these was Jorge DEMMEL, to whom passing reference has been made above. DEMMEL was a German of some 52-53 years of age, proprietor of the Bar Germania in Bilbao. He was married to a Spanish woman, by whom he had a daughter, and had been some 20 years in Spain and participated in the campaign against ABD EL KRIM: ARNOLD believed he was a naturalized Spaniard.

DEMMEL was a heavy drinker and gambler, and spent much time chasing after women, but he was a good worker and very useful to the courier service. In Bilbao he received the correspondence from Buenos Aires and occasionally recruited seamen for the organization. Occasionally, on ARNOLD 's orders, he visited other Spanish ports to pick up and/or deliver correspondence, when it was impossible for the courier to come to the office at Madrid.

In 1944 DEMMEL sold the Bar Germania and moved to a small town some seven or eight miles from Madrid - ARNOLD could not recall its name. The buyers of his bar, however,

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failed to meet their obligations and DEMMEL lost all his money, becoming involved in all kinds of difficulties. He continued for a while doing odd jobs for ARNOLD but subsequently the prisoner lost touch with him. During the Bilbao days DEMMEL had not accepted a salary, being paid only his expenses when he took out-of-town trips: later, when he was in financial trouble in Madrid, ARNOLD occasionally paid him small sums to help him out, over and above his regular traveling accounts.

Once DEMMEL had quit, the prisoner depended largely on Francisco GOICOECHEA, a

former courier who had been blacklisted by the navicert authorities, to act as his traveling representative. GOICOECHEA worked for ARNOLD until the end of the war for a monthly salary of 2,000 Pesetas. The prisoner had no idea what subsequently became of him, knowing only he did not live in Madrid.

Another collaborator who had formerly been a courier was Jose Luis DIAZ. At the beginning of 1944 Amt VI was worrying about a possible breach in relations between Germany and Spain, and decided that ARNOLD should have his own clandestine transmitter, to assure one channel of communication. There was also recurrent talk of setting up a station in Spain to intercept the South American traffic from BECKER, since Berlin was poorly placed atmospherically for the transmissions from Argentina; this latter project, however, never passed beyond the discussion stage. In any case, ARNOLD was sent a 40-watt transmitter from Berlin.

In early 1944 he sent DIAZ to Germany to learn to be a radio operator. The Spaniard took a course of from four to six months, after which he returned to Madrid with a. small transmitter of his own and began sending at ARNOLD'S orders. He sent .ARNOLD'S regular coded operational messages, instead of the Police Attache's office, but aside from that the new arrangement had little practical, value, as shortly after the equipment had been installed and contact with Berlin established, the war ended. DIAZ, whose salary was 2,500 Pesetas a month, received six months pay from the prisoner when the latter liquidated his office and sold the transmitter for 1,500 Pesetas to a member of the Spanish intelligence service; ARNOLD did not know to whom. The prisoner characterized DIAZ as very lazy and not a serious worker. He apparently still lives in Madrid — ARNOLD saw him quite often in the company of Karl HERTEL.

Rounding out the prisoner's regular "office force" was Joaquin LOPEZ a former employee of the Falange in Bilbao who had been introduced to ARNOLD by Jorge DEMMEL, LOPEZ

helped copy reports and did odd jobs, such as obtaining false papers for Germans and others (see below). He also received 2,500 Pesetas a month from ARNOLD, and worked till the end of the war. The prisoner understood LOPEZ to be still in Madrid.

ARNOLD 's immediate operational organization, then, comprised the following:

Salary

Jorge DEMMEL Expenses and, later, bonuses.

Jose Luis DIAZ 2,500 ptas.

Joaquin LOPEZ 2,500 ptas.

Fco. GOICOECHEA. . 2,000 ptas.

The money for the regular salaries was sent to Spain every month by the R.S.H.A. from Berlin. ARNOLD never had a female' secretary - LOPEZ was the closest he had to stenographic help.

The prisoner himself received a salary in the Reich of 460 marks, raised automatically after two years to 500. Most of this he allotted to his wife in Leonberg. In Spain he received a flat

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sum of 1,000 marks, or 4,200 Pesetas, for living expenses. Further operational costs, such as extraordinary sums expended on agents and/or collaborators, entertainment of possibly useful neutrals, special trips, et cetera, he collected from Berlin after presenting an itemized account at the end of each month. ARNOLD said that he did not bother to put down the small items -the many drinks and meals he had to buy for various people, et cetera- but only itemized the solid extra expenditures. His regular living allowance was paidhim for six months at a time -he was the only agent in Spain so paid, as far as he was aware.

Relations with the Office of the Police Attache and Karla BANDT

As mentioned above ARNOLD made regular use of the office of Heinz SINGER, the representative of Amt VI-B4 in Madrid, to send and receive his telegrams and correspondence to and from Berlin. Although he often went to SINGER'S office and got to know most of the employees personally, however, the prisoner was in no way officially connected with the Office of the Police Attache. Only when he needed a passport or a visa did he take advantage of the Attache's facilities in the regular way of business.

Through his regular trips to the Consulate ARNOLD met SINGER 's secretary, Karla BANDT. Often, when he was too busy to go to the Consulate, Miss BANDT brought correspondence to his office or met him at a nearby bar. Before long the acquaintance developed into friendship, and from there to love. When the prisoner was being held in jail in 1945 Miss BANDT visited him daily, and when he was to be freed she was signatory to his bail bond. In ARNOLD 's opinion these two factors were responsible for Karla BANDT's having been included in the list of persons whose expulsion was demanded by the Allies. She was repatriated in the same air shipment as the prisoner.

Aside from his casual personal contact with the others, however, ARNOLD was not considered part of the Police Attachee's office. He was never invited to the staff get-togethers occasionally staged by WINZER and HAMMES, and was only asked to dinner by Heinz SINGER twice during the four years he was in Madrid. ARNOLD had only a nodding acquaintance with HAMMES, WINZER, VEY, KOENNECKE, SCHMIDT, and the stenographic staff other than Karla BANDT.

VII. Relations with other AMT VI agents

The foregoing section was devoted to ARNOLD 's subordinates and associates in the actual performance of his established duties. Another of the prisoner's principal functions was that of acting as paymaster, communications-channel and guide to a number of individuals sent to Spain from Amt VI the relationship is perhaps best described by the German word betreuen, meaning "to service". In most cases ARNOLD was not responsible for the information gathered by these agents, who were only operationally attached to him. Often, however, he felt obliged to warn Berlin regarding the unreliability of the material which many of them were forwarding through him.

Karl HERTEL (Cover-name BIMBO)

Karl HERTEL arrived in Madrid during the summer of 1944. According to his own statements he had been in Central America for some time, and had been repatriated with the exchange of 1942. He had had representations for several German firms there - ARNOLD knew that he sold coffee to Germany, and recalled HERTEL's having mentioned make of German automobile for which he had been agent. HERTEL once boasted of the number of high- ranking public officials to whom he had sold cars.

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In Berlin HERTEL had somehow got into Amt VI and worked there for a while: his job was to make contact with German diplomats and others who had returned from countries with which Germany had broken relations, seeking personnel and/or information which might be of use to the SD. The prisoner recalled that in Amt VI HERTEL was nicknamed the Sklavenhaendler (slave-dealer). At one time in the past he had lived and worked in Spain, and he finally managed to get the R.S.H.A. to send him to Madrid. HERTEL's selling argument was that with his influential Spanish contacts he would soon become established and would not be an expense to the Amt, these same contacts would then be valuable sources for political reporting.

As soon as HERTEL arrived in Madrid he got in touch with Mme. Gertrud ROGGEWEHN (see below), whom ARNOLD believed he had known in either Berlin or Paris. The two slept in the same house the very first night HERTEL arrived and from that time until the prisoner lost track of them they lived together. HERTEL's promise of making himself economically self-sufficient was completely without basis. He did work out several minor swindling schemes for making money on the side, but he continued to depend on SD money for his subsistence. His expenses ranged .from 1,000 to 1,500 Pesetas a month. To ARNOLD'S knowledge HERTEL never used the Karl Hamburg Tropical Fruit Company as a cover, as alleged by one source.

One of HERTEL 's money-making dodges was to take advantage of a German in Barcelona -ARNOLD could not recall his name- who had been called up for military service and wished to avoid going. HERTEL promised this German that if he would pay him a monthly sum he, HERTEL, would arrange to have the German listed as a collaborator in the intelligence service. The German paid the money, and somehow HERTEL fixed, it -ARNOLD did not see his correspondence on the subject, so did not know how it was done. In any event the German gave HERTEL a quantity of politico-military information of very little real value.

HERTEL did succeed in infiltrating the English Club in Madrid. There was a Jew who rented apartments to members of the British and American Embassies, and HERTEL struck up a friendship with him. Both HERTEL and the Jew spoke good English, and HERTEL got his friend to introduce him at the Club as a Central American -ARNOLD believed that the name he used was Mr. BRABANT (later amplified to the Count or Duke of BRABANT). The prisoner did not recall the name of HERTEL's friend and sponsor, but said that he would be easy to identify as he was murdered by a Spaniard shortly before the end of the war, the crime exciting considerable comment in the press. Following the Jew's murder HERTEL took over the apartment-lotting business and collected the commissions.

In spite of his connections with British and American circles, however, HERTEL did not know how to take advantage of his situation for political intelligence purposes. When ARNOLD submitted HERTEL a monthly expense account to Berlin, the Amt invariably intimated that it hoped some tangible results would soon be forthcoming from his work. Before long Berlin began blaming ARNOLD for HERTEL's failings, and this was too much for the prisoner. He wrote back a. sharp, letter and pointed out that if the R.S.H.A. were going to continue sending out incompetents and rascals, it would continue getting incompetent results.

When the war ended and ARNOLD was liquidating his organization he asked HERTEL to call at his office, as he wanted to give him some money as a reserve for the coming months. HERTEL did not appear, even after several communications had reached him. ARNOLD therefore reasoned that if HERTEL was unwilling to come and collect money it must he because he was afraid to face him; and if HERTEL were afraid to face ARNOLD it must be because he had sold out to the Allies. The prisoner therefore let HERTEL know that he considered him a traitor, and that he need look to ARNOLD for no further help. Nevertheless, at the end of 1945, he received a threatening letter from his erstwhile associate, demanding 10,000 Pesetas. The note was worded more or less as follows: "You still have a lot of that

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money and I need 10,000 Pesetas. I hope for your own good that you will give it to me". ARNOLD tore up the letter and threw it in the waste-basket.

ARNOLD later heard that HERTEL was living with Mme. ROGGEWEHN in Madrid and passing himself as the Count (or Duke, or Marquis) of BRABANT, but he never knew his address. The prisoner rather thought that BRABANT may have originally been the name of HERTEL's mother. A description follows:

Age: About 35-37 Height:5 ft., 8-9 in. Weight: At least 220 lbs. Hair: Black. Eyes: Dark. Nose: Flat. Lips:Thick. Face: Round. Skin: Very white and pale. Build: Extremely fat. Appearance: Never seems well shaved or washed. Nationality: German. Languages: Excellent English and Spanish, probably others besides, of course, German.

Gertrud ROGGEWEHN (Cover-name TANJA )

Mme. ROGGEWEHN's activities were the object of especial interest on the part of the American Embassy at Madrid, wherefore an affidavit regarding her espionage connections was obtained from ARNOLD at the outset of the present interrogation and forwarded to Spain. (Berlin despatch no. 7476, October 21), In the interests of completeness a precis of the affidavit's contents is included here:

Gertrud ROGGENWEHN had been married to a Dutch citizen, but had separated from him before the war. She was living in Paris when the Germans marched in, and assumed contact with the SD there. SS-Sturmbannfuehrer and Kriminaldirector SCHMITZ sent her to Spain to work as an agent, forwarding several thousand Pesetas to ARNOLD to give to her and asking him to stand by her with counsel and aid. Mme. ROGGEWEHN arrived in Madrid in early 1944; during the first months she made several trips to Berlin and Paris, establishing the business which was to serve as her cover.

This was to be a beauty salon, Mme ROGGEWEHN also had the Spanish representation rights of the French perfumery Worth, and planned to start manufacturing Worth products in Spain. She succeeded in bringing into the country several cases of perfume essence, as well as her Citroen car, but the invasion of France put a stop to her importations and she had to give up both the perfume enterprise and the beauty salon. Her connection in Worth was with a certain M. BLAMCHET (or a similar name), Mme ROGGEWEHN had worked with him before the war and ARNOLD believed that the SD had nothing to do with her obtaining the Worth representation; in fact, it appeared more likely that her possession of the already established connection was what enabled Mme ROGGEWEHN to induce SCHMITZ to employ her.

When Karl HERTEL arrived in Spain, he and Mme ROGGEWEHN rented a house together at an address in General Mola, whereupon ARNOLD passed the handling of her to HERTEL and advised Berlin to that effect. Before HERTEL arrived Mme ROGGEWEHN had lived for a time with her sister, who was married to a German physician named SCHRADER. As the prisoner later heard it, Mme. ROGGEWEHN's subsequent relations with HERTEL put a considerable strain on her ties with her sister and brother-in-law.

Mme, ROGGEWEHN had a valid German passport, in the name of TUTTHAS or something similar, and used this document for her travels to Berlin and Paris. She also had an expired Dutch passport in her own name and tried to get it revalidated at the Dutch Consulate in Madrid before the end of the war -ARNOLD did not know what luck she had.

Mme ROGGEWEHN must have had countless acquaintances among the Germans

living in Madrid, the prisoner said, but he did not know who they were. He believed that she

was also at one time in touch with Ernst ALISCH, of the SD Paris. She had contact as well

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with a Bulgarian ex-diplomat and with numerous ladies of the Spanish aristocracy with whom she played weekly bridge. ARNOLD, however, was not informed regarding the identity of her circle of acquaintances, nor did he know whether Mme ROGGEWEHN and Karl HERTEL continued living together after the war.

Alejandro MINK (Cover-name ZANGE )

MINK was born in Argentina of German parents, and was taken to Germany at an early age to be schooled and brought up. His mother, who had been abandoned by MINK 's father and had divorced him, lived in Germany. Alejandro finished his medical studies, then made contact with the SD. Since he was of Argentine nationality Amt VI thought he could be used as an agent in Spain, and sent him to ARNOLD for training: the prisoner recalled that this was shortly before Argentina broke relations with Germany (January 25, 1944), because MINK arrived on a valid Argentine passport. MINK, however, did not speak a word of Spanish and had to spend all his time studying that language. About his only concrete accomplishment in Madrid aside from studying was to put his Argentine papers in perfect order, he never produced anything in the line of intelligence: on the contrary, ARNOLD said, MINK caused him a lot of trouble and expense which could easily have been avoided. After the war ended the Argentine broke off all contact with the prisoner, who never saw him again, MINK may have gone back to Argentina, ARNOLD said -that may have been why he was so anxious to get his papers in order.

During the period of his "activity" MINK received from Amt VI, through ARNOLD, a monthly sum for expenses which varied between 1 ,000 and 1 ,500 Pesetas. He also received 1 ,500 Pesetas from his mother, who paid in the equivalent amount in marks in Berlin.

MINK was described as follows:

Age: 22-23 years. Height: 5 ft., 10-11 in. Weight: 150 lbs. Hair: Dark brown. Eyes: Blue. Skin: Palid, sickly. Nose: Straight, regular. Lips: Normal, not thick. Face: Elongated. Build: Thin. Appearance: Tubercular (which he is) Nationality: Argentine Languages:. School English and French.

Last heard of: MINK went to San Sebastian for his health when he parted from ARNOLD. Dr. Gerd BUNGARD

When the head of Amt VI, Theodor PAEFFGEN, came to Spain in 1943 he told ARNOLD of a certain Dr. Gerd BUNGARD, then in Paris, who had been his, PAEFFGEN's, classmate in law school. Soon after that BUNGARD himself arrived from Paris, and simultaneously an envelope came from PAEFFGEN containing 15,000 Pesetas for his first three months' salary as an agent of Amt VI. BUNGARD was supposed to have a very close connection with the fabulous French "big operator", CHATIN, and was to use ARNOLD as a channel for his reports to Berlin. When BUNGARD's first political report came in, however, ARNOLD read it and found it to be the worst type of meretricious twaddle: consequently he called the new agent in and said he was willing to send that one report, but that it would be the last he would send unless BUNGARD could unearth some trustworthy intelligence. BUNGARD never again came to ARNOLD'S office -the prisoner believed, however, that he subsequently sent material through Heinz SINGER.

BUNGARD had brought to Spain with him certain German patents, on which he was supposed to be able to live: the first three months' salary was merely to enable him to get under way.

The prisoner understood that in France he had been a German lawyer defending Frenchmen accused of resistance activities and had taken advantage of what he learned thereby to sell his clients and their associates out to the Abwehr, in whose pay he was. Before ARNOLD

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got rid of BUNGARD the latter was continually thinking up grandiose but unworkable intelligence schemes, and he boasted incessantly of his friend CHATIN's connections among the Allies and the Spaniards.

ARNOLD knew nothing of BUNGARD's having acted as a go-between for CHATIN in offering some sixty million French francs on the black market, as alleged by Martin MEYWALD.

PESCOLLER (Pen-name Tex HARDING)

PESCOLLER was an Austrian who came to Madrid at the end of 1943 or the beginning of 1944, looking up ARNOLD shortly after his arrival, he said he was under orders to get to Brazil clandestinely -he claimed a large circle of connections among important personages there, including Foreign Minister ARANHA, and was to set up a transmitter and send in political intelligence. PESCOLLER, a man of 46-48 years of age, had traveled widely in both North and South America in his youth and had published adventure novels, under the pen- name of Tex HARDING. He spoke quite passable English, ARNOLD said. He claimed to possess several false passports, but the prisoner did not know in what names these were made out.

PESCOLLER 's arrival surprised ARNOLD very much since he knew something of his past and was aware that the Austrian had made a miserable botch of a mission to Italy several years before for Amt Vl-B; this was something connected with merchant shipping, and had cost the R.S.H.A. a lot of money without producing any results. For the present assignment PESCOLLER had been employed directly by Amt Vl-F, which had apparently sent him out without bothering to look up the voluminous and unfavorable dossier which ARNOLD knew had been filed by Sturmbannfuehrer HOSSNER and since the latter had been sent to the front and there had been an almost complete turnover in personnel, PESCOLLER 's name had escaped notice. (The prisoner was asked what right Amt Vl-F, which was the department for technical adjuncts, had to send its own political-reporting agent into the field. It had no right, he replied, and had consulted no one.)

ARNOLD sent in a sharp letter to Amt Vl-D protesting PESCOLLER 's presence in Madrid. Then, in January 1944, when he himself went back to Berlin on consultation he took advantage of the opportunity to call on the chief of Vl-F and make him realize the enormity of what he had done. This individual became extremely worried and begged ARNOLD to induce PESCOLLER to return to Germany before he involved Vl-F in trouble, but the prisoner refused flatly, saying that he had too much work to waste time rectifying the stupidities committed by another department.

ARNOLD saw the Austrian no more then two or three times in Madrid, he said, as PESCOLLER did not communicate through him but through Heinz SINGER. The prisoner knew, however, that PESCOLLER was ordered back to Berlin and refused to go, selling the jewels entrusted him and living upon the proceeds. Kurt GROSS interfered in the matter and ordered ARNOLD to track down PESCOLLER and "do away with him", but this was a typical Groseria and the prisoner paid no attention to the order: only if SCHELLENBERG himself had made such a demand would he have even considered taking any action.

ARNOLD did, however, keep track of PESCOLLER 's movements. For a time the Austrian lived in Vigo, with an artiste of the Scala theatrical company: she was the girl who held the number-placards for the vaudeville acts. Although he had a wife and children in Germany, PESCOLLER went through a "legal" Spanish marriage ceremony with this girl. ARNOLD also learned that the Austrian was passing himself as a duke or count in various Spanish cities, one of which was Barcelona, using a different name each time.

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PESCOLLER was included in the Allies' wanted list, and eventually got interned at Caldas de Malavella, but he managed to escape from there and the prisoner believed he was still in Spain or Portugal. Unless PESCOLLER has a new swindle, ARNOLD said, his resources must have become exhausted.

The following is PESCOLLER 's description as remembered by ARNOLD: Age: 46-48 years Height: Almost 6 ft. Weight: 180 lbs. Hair: Almost bald, remainder dark. Eyes: Dark. Skin: Pale. Nose: Wide, strong. Face: Oval. Lips:Thick. Teeth: Bad Build: Robust Appearance: Dissipated. Nationality: Austrian. Languages: English, Spanish and Portuguese well (PESCOLLER was his real name -he also had a cover-name which ARNOLD did not recall.)

Countess Mechtild PODEWILS

That Countess PODEWILS worked in Spain as a special agent of Walter SCHELLENBERG has already been confirmed by SCHELLENBERG himself (POLAD despatch no. 71 18 of September 24, 1946). ARNOLD, however, was required to add what he could to his chief's testimony in the way of supplementary information, since he dealt occasionally with the Countess in person.

Countess Mechtild PODEWILS, said the prisoner, was German, between 30 and 34 years of age, tall and very pretty. She had been married in South America -ARNOLD believed it was Bolivia- and had two children. After her divorce some years ago her former husband took the boy with him to live in Portugal, while she went with the daughter to Spain. The prisoner knew that she was an intimate friend of SS-Gruppenfuehrer\NOLF, whom she called by the diminutive term of "WOLFCHEN", and it was this man who recommended that she be sent to Spain as an agent. ARNOLD did not know in what year she came to Madrid.

Countess PODEWILS reported directly to SCHELLENBERG and it was the latter who gave her directives. On one of ARNOLD'S trips to Berlin the chief of Amt VI complained to him that she was spending more than her work was worth and asked ARNOLD to help her out a bit and give her some coaching in intelligence work. This the prisoner found rather difficult since the Countess received her instructions direct and delivered her reports in the same way, with the result that ARNOLD did not know what kind of work she was producing. During 1944 she visited him at his office every once in a while, but although he offered his help and advice he did not have much time to devote to coaching her. She was not at all apt at politics, ARNOLD discovered.

The Countess had, nevertheless, excellent contacts. She was well connected in both aristocratic and official circles, and was a close friend of Miguel PRIMO de RIVERA and other members of the Government. But, as she herself admitted to ARNOLD, she understood neither intelligence work nor politics and was unable to distinguish between important and unimportant material; nor was she able to work with any semblance of system. Notwithstanding this SCHELLENBERG paid her, the prisoner understood, 15,000 Pesetas a month, plus occasional bonuses for extraordinary expenditures.

ARNOLD had never heard of the Countess HELLDORF or HELLWIG mentioned by Hedwig SOMMER in her interrogation. Since the description tallies in other respects, it may be assumed that the above individual was in reality the Countess PODEWILS.

Hans ZIEGRA

Another visitor at ARNOLD'S office was Hans ZIEGRA. ZIEGRA had been sent on a mission to Madrid from one of the Berlin bureaus -the prisoner believed his job was to unfreeze German assets in Brazil. He was certainly also in contact with Amt V7-ARNOLD believed he

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was collaborating ex officio with GROSS and PAEFFGEN. On one of the prisoner's trips to Berlin ZIEGRA invited him and GROSS to his house, and there they met a certain SS- Gruppehfuehrer MUELLER. ZIEGRA appeared on intimate terms with this Nazi general. In Madrid ZIEGRA occasionally called at ARNOLD'S office, where he boasted loudly of his connections with members of the Brazilian Embassy at Madrid; he claimed an excellent contact with Ambassador ROCAS himself, and with the former first secretary Pablo SILVEYRA. Shortly before the war ended SILVEYRA told ARNOLD that ZIEGRA had tried to get from him a Brazilian passport, without success. The prisoner also recalled that ZIEGRA once gave him a report on the American presidential candidate DEWEY, whom ZIEGRA claimed to have known personally when he was in the United States. For the rest, the man was a windbag.

Shortly before the end of the war ZIEGRA was called up for military service, and immediately went to ARNOLD to try to get out of it -he had no wish to die at the front, he said. When the prisoner told him he could do nothing, ZIEGRA broke off the acquaintanceship and stopped seeing ARNOLD. As he did not return to Germany, he was listed as a deserter. Whereupon to the prisoner's knowledge he sought contact with the United States Embassy at Madrid.

According to his own statements ZIEGRA had taken part in the "Aryanizing" of Jewish business houses in Germany, among which was the Arnold private bank in Berlin. ZIEGRA himself acquired two, or perhaps three, Berlin tailor shops which had been Jewish-owned. He also informed ARNOLD on one occasion that he had been the first Ortsgruppenleiter of the Nazi Party in Rio de Janeiro; but ZIEGRA told so many lies that the prisoner did not know whether this was true.

Arthur GEBAUER (Cover-name Arthur GOLD)

For many months ARNOLD knew this individual only as Arthur GOLD. He was introduced to him in Amt VI by Dr. PAEFFGEN during the 1944 trip to Berlin. GEBAUER, as his real name was, was to get a job as seaman on any ship bound for England or the United States, and in Berlin he boasted that from Spain that would be very easy for him. When GEBAUER did arrive in Spain he immediately called on ARNOLD to collect the money which had been sent him from Berlin for his mission -ARNOLD did not know how much the envelope contained- and to ask for help in getting aboard a ship. Since ARNOLD'S ships went only to South America he suggested that GEBAUER take one of those and try to enter the United States by land, but the man was a bluff and a coward, and refused the chance. The prisoner interposed that GEBAUER was not only cowardly but also stupid, and that if he ever had got to Great Britain or North America he would not have dared do anything.

The prisoner never heard GEBAUER make any mention of having formerly worked for the Abwehr in Las Palmas. (Note: there was an Arthur GEBAUER listed as an Abwehr radio, operator there in 1943.) He did, however, make frequent trips around Spain, principally in the vicinity of Barcelona, and went several times to Portugal. GEBAUER once told ARNOLD that he had worked for the French frontier service, and the prisoner gathered from other odd bits of conversation that on his trips around Spain he was mixed in some business with the SD frontier personnel -probably smuggling coffee. ARNOLD was fairly certain that GEBAUER "traveled black" on the occasions when he entered Portugal.

GEBAUER never passed any reports through ARNOLD, written or verbal, and the prisoner saw him only when he was in need of funds. There was no regular monthly expense allotment for this agent since he was supposedly in transit and supposed to get off as soon as possible. In the first months after his arrival, however, GEBAUER often came to ARNOLD and asked for money: the prisoner gave him sometimes 1,000 or 1,500 Pesetas, and on one occasion, 2,000, which sums he entered in his monthly reckoning and collected from Berlin. In the closiig months of the war GEBAUER was still hanging around and still coming to

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ARNOLD and during this period the prisoner gave him occasional smaller amounts, 500 or 1 ,000 Pesetas, out of his own pocket.

ARNOLD described GEBAUER as a man of from 40 to 43 years of age; about5 ft. 9 in. in height; thin, with dark hair and dark eyes, and a straight nose. He dressed in clean clothes, but looked like a ship's fireman or engineer.

Pablo SILVEYRA (Cover-name also GOLD )

As stated in the introduction to the present section, the foregoing individuals were not in reality "ARNOLD s agents" but rather a series of more than semi-independent workers whom he served in the capacity of paymaster and adviser. All in all they were a sorry lot; the prisoner did not consider one of them really worth his salt. ARNOLD did, however, have two paid agents of his own, who served him fairly efficiently in the field of political intelligence. These were Pablo SILVEYRA and Tomas SAMPER (see the following subsection, for the latter).

When ARNOLD first established contact with SILVEYRA he was First Secretary of the Brazilian Embassy at Madrid. Later he was retired for old age, having reached 60, but he did not wish to return to Brazil because he was estranged from his wife and she was living in that country. The prisoner felt that if it had not been for that factor, SILVEYRA would have gone back long before to devote himself to newspaper work; he was an excellent journalist. SILVEYRA was very intelligent and well informed. He was not ideologically a fascist, but disapproved violently of the Brazilian Foreign minister ARANHA and his rupturist policy. ARNOLD used him to good effect for reports on Spanish politics, as well as for obtaining information as to what was going on in the Brazilian Embassy. SILVEYRA frequently brought the prisoner information which he affirmed came from telegrams despatched by the Ambassador to the Itamaraty Palace, but he never furnished actual copies of either telegrams or letters] at times. ARNOLD suspected that the Brazilian was running short of material and brought such reports as fillers. The prisoner also had the feeling that the Ambassador did not trust his first secretary, and gave him little opportunity to get hold of actual copies of his messages -SILVEYRA's reports were verbal reconstructions of these. At the outset of the relationship SILVEYRA worked gratis, after which he was paid a salary for a short while; ARNOLD then began paying him for piece work at about 1 ,000 Pesetas a time, amounting to from. 3, 000 to 5,000 Pesetas a month. Later the prisoner again put SILVEYRA on a fixed monthly salary basis, at 5,000 Pesetas.

Tomas SAMPER

ARNOLD'S chief source of information on purely Spanish politics was Tomas SAMPER, an old-time Falangista who had multifarious connections, in the various Spanish ministries and especially with the police of the Gobernacion de Barcelona. While SAMPER'S forte lay in Spanish political intelligence he also had some contact with the South American consulates in Madrid, as well as with the British, and often picked up such news as the effect of the V- bombs in England, et cetera. SAMPER operated through a network of contacts; but for reasons of security, and also probably because he feared ARNOLD might attempt to get into direct touch with his agents, he never told the prisoner who or what any of these were. SAMPER was also ARNOLD'S main source for obtaining the many publications the collection of which was one of the chief chores of German intelligence agents. These comprised magazines and other periodicals on technical, political, military and commercial subjects, not only from Spain but also from Great Britain and the United States. SAMPER got most of the publications sent to him from Barcelona, ARNOLD noticed. The prisoner paid SAMPER from 8,000 to 10,000 Pesetas a month, according to his rendition of expenses. SAMPER was a big fat man, ARNOLD interposed, but he covered a lot of ground and was a real operator.

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JELAMBI (fnu)

JELAMBI is not to be claused with SILVEYRA and SAMPER, but neither might he be included in the category of HERTEL, MINK and the others whom the prison serviced. He was a Venezuelan national who had been studying in Belgium and had refused repatriation in 1942 because he was not finished with his studies. When he finished his courses -they were in engineering ARNOLD thought- he found he could not get out of the country; accordingly, in order to leave Belgium, he had contacted the SD in Brussels and had offered his services as an agent once he arrived in his own country. The SD representative, whose name the prisoner did not recall, sent JELAMBI to Berlin with an introduction and he was subsequently sent to Spain en route to Venezuela.

JELAMBI reached Madrid in 1943 and established contact with ARNOLD. There the two arranged that the Venezuelan, who ARNOLD understood had taken a course in radio- telegraphy, would attempt when he got home to set up a transmitter and forward political information to Madrid. If he did not succeed in establishing radio contact he was at least to communicate through the seamen's courier system and/or any available trustworthy traveler, letting ARNOLD know his whereabouts and situation. -

Once he had got off to Venezuela, however, neither ARNOLD nor Amt VI ever heard of JELAMBI again, so he was written off as one more "agent" who had played the SD for a free ride home. JELAMBI had money of his own, and never received any funds from the prisoner.

Relations with Armin SCHMIDT. Ana de POMBO and Martin MEYWALD

The activities of SCHMIDT, de POMBO and MEYWALD touched ARNOLD'S sphere only incidentally, but he was asked to comment on them by way of supplementing the lengthy interrogation of MEYWALD (POLAD despatch n°. 7148 of October 7, 1946).

MEYWALD and SCHMIDT arrived in Madrid several months after the prisoner had got there in 1942, and paid him a call; at that time they were not certain whether they should remain in Spain or proceed to Portugal. ARNOLD had known MEYWALD during about two years in Berlin when they were both in Amt VI, and throughout their time in Madrid their relations remained on an informal friendly plane. MEYWALD did frequently give ARNOLD reports to forward to Amt VI, but he also handed a number of these directly to Karla BANDT in the Police Attache's office; his correspondence from Berlin, too, came often in ARNOLD'S mail, but always in sealed envelopes, MEYWALD ran his own affairs: he was a Hauptsturmfuehrer, outranking the prisoner, and the exploitation of the de POMBO- SCHMIDT connection was entirely in his hands.

ARNOLD'S relations with SCHMIDT and Ana de POMBO were very casual, he entertained the former at his house with MEYWALD once or twice shortly after they arrived, and SCHMIDT invited him to the opening of the Ana de POMBO Dress Shop and to one of the artistic evenings at the house at Avenida del Generalisimo. It was on the latter occasion that Ana de POMBO told ARNOLD that she was a personal friend of Anthony EDEN, then British Foreign Minister, and that she had many contacts among the personnel of the British Embassy at Madrid; these last included the Military Attache, General TORR, and his secretary, Miss Joan CAMPBELL. Mme. de : POMBO told ARNOLD frankly that when she was employed at Paquin in Paris she had worked for the British Intelligence Service.

ARNOLD was queried concerning the SD's view of Ana de POMBO's British connections. He replied that naturally the Amt took care in its dealings with her, but that it had been his personal conviction that she was so much in love with Armin SCHMIDT that as long as the latter remained reasonably faithful to her, she would continue to serve the interests of German intelligence. SCHMIDT, of course, was playing de POMBO for what he could get out

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of it. He had long white hair -his nickname was "el f/'o melenas"- and he was slightly hunch- backed: it was hard to see wherein his sex appeal lay, ARNOLD said, but SCHMIDT certainly had it. Ana de POMBO also told the prisoner that she had once been engaged to Jose Antonio PRIMO de RIVERA, and that the Republicans had killed a fourteen-year old son of hers. During the time ARNOLD knew her she was always the mistress of SCHMIDT.

Regarding SCHMIDT ARNOLD only knew what MEYWALD told him. He had long been a forger of both signatures and art works, and had served several prison sentences therefor. In Madrid he displayed great talent for getting to know the right people, but he was absolutely incapable of any serious work, or of turning his contracts to advantage for intelligence purposes. The prisoner did not know any of the details of the dress shop's failure, but heard that SCHMIDT had robbed the business of large sums of money. He was sought by the Spanish police in 1944, but escaped abroad with Ana de POMBO.

Neither SCHMIDT nor de POMBO delivered any kind of reports to the prisoner, nor did they in any sense work under his orders. They did, however, come to ARNOLD in an effort to get his help in ridding them of MEYWALD, who they said was spring on them and, moreover, did not know how to behave in the plane of society in which they had to move. ARNOLD refused to become involved in the quarrel. When Dr. PAEFFGEN came to Madrid and stayed in his house, the prisoner learned that they had come to him with the same tales.

Sectional Summary

To recapitulate, the various agents discussed above were known by ARNOLD to have received the following general remuneration from Amt VI:

HERTEL 1,000-1,500 ptas. monthly

MINK 1,000-1,500 ptas. monthly

SILVEYRA 3,000-5,000 ptas. monthly

SAMPER 8,000-10,000 ptas. monthly

BUNGARD 15,000 ptas. lump sum

ROGGEWEHN 2,000-3,000 ptas. lump sum

GEBAUER 1,000-2,000 ptas. occasionally

PODEWILS 15,000 ptas. monthly plus bonuses, paid by SCHELLENBERG

PESCOLLER Paid by Amt Vl-F. Had diamonds.

ZIEGRA Unknown.

SCHMIDT and de POMBO .... Paid large sums by PAEFFGEN JELAMBI No payment

As will have been observed, few of the above agents were considered of any use by the prisoner. Infact, the only two who produced were those he himself established locally in Madrid, SAMPER and SILVEYRA. Most of ARNOLD'S political reporting, however, was based on an entirely different set of connections: South American and Spanish persons in official or quasi-official capacities with whom the prisoner's relations were purely social and with whom the matter of remuneration did not come into question. These people will be dealt with in the following section.

VIII. Associates in political intelligence

ARNOLD'S field of interest in intelligence was twofold: first, the Spanish political scene; and second, developments in South America. In the latter connection he cultivated a number of Latin Americans in Madrid, keeping the relationships on a friendly basis and regularly discussing politico-military matters with them. For example, when General Edelmiro

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FARRELL became president of Argentina ARNOLD went to Captain Manuel MIRANDA,

then in Madrid, and got an excellent evaluation of the new president's character and political orientation to cable Berlin; MIRANDA had been FARRELL'S aide and knew him intimately, as indeed he knew most of the higher-ranking Argentine officers. In like manner, ARNOLD used the knowledge of SILVEYRA, who had been for many years a newspaperman in Rio de Janeiro, in judging the political personalities of those who came to prominence in Brazil.

The prisoner's most dependable sources in the above respect were Captain MIRANDA, Dr. Juan Carlos GOYENECHE and Commander EDUARDO CEBALLOS, all three Argentines.. Be also had relations with a number of other Latin Americans, who will be discussed below.

Captain Manuel MIRANDA

MIRANDA was a military commentator who broadcast pro-German military commentaries and published a newspaper column under the pen-name of CAPTAIN M. His trip to Germany had originally been paid by the German Embassy at Buenos Aires at the instigation of the then Press Attache, Gottfried SANDSTEDE. MIRANDA came to Madrid from Berlin some time in early 1944. and, as mentioned above, was very useful to ARNOLD as a source of authentic and accurate information concerning the Argentine militarists who were at that time playing a prominent role in the country's politics. MIRANDA had a ruptured stomach from a fall in the mountains and was living on borrowed time. One day in mid-1944 he was taken violently ill, and an emergency operation performed; but it was to no avail, and MIRANDA died the next day.

Juan Carlos GOYENECHE

GOYENECHE had been in Madrid for some time before ARNOLD met him, but the prisoner first made contact with him on orders from Amt VI, after the Argentine returned in early 1943 from his trip to Germany and his interviews with HIMMLER and von RIBBENTROP. Although he was not an official representative of the Argentine Government, GOYENECHE enjoyed special privileges, through his high connections. From his base in Madrid, he visited Portugal, Italy France and Germany, interviewing prominent personalities. According to his own statements he was traveling to study the fascist systems and to work towards a better understanding between the European totalitarian countries and Argentina. He succeeded in obtaining interviews with FRANCO. MUSSOLINI, the Pope, LAVAL, RIBBENTROP, HIMMLER, and possibly, with SALAZAR-.

ARNOLD characterized GOYENECHE as an idealist among nationalists, a fervent authoritarian and catholicist. He was descended from illustrious forebears: the prisoner understood that one grandfather had been President of Uruguay, while others had long played a prominent role in the Argentine politice scene. He had had an intimate connection with Adrian C. ESCOBAR when the latter was Argentine Ambassador to Madrid, and GOYENECHE later confided to ARNOLD that it was ESCOBAR who enabled him to travel in France and Germany. The prisoner believed that the Ambassador must have taken GOYENECHE with him on one of his periodical trips to Hendaye and/or Paris and introduced him to the SD heads in France; probably to SS-Standartenfuehrer Helmut KNOCHEN himself. KNOCHEN, who headed the SD in Paris, must then have arranged for GOYENECHE'S German trip. ARNOLD knew positively that it was through SCHELLENBERG that the Argentine's interview with HIMMLER, at the latter's headquarters on the eastern front, was arranged: as for the RIBBENTROP interview, the prisoner could not say who had fixed that.

When ARNOLD met GOYENECHE it was just after he had returned from this trip, and the prisoner asked him how he had got along with HIMMLER. The Argentine replied that it had been very fine; the Reichsfuehrer-SS had shown common sense and comprehension, and

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had given him every opportunity to expound his ideas. RIBBENTROP, on the other hand, had left a bad taste in GOYENECHE's mouth, ARNOLD averred; the Foreign Minister spent the whole half hour of the interview doing the talking himself, not allowing his guest to say more than a half-dozen sentences. According to the prisoner GOYENECHE was very close- mouthed about the subject matter of both conversations — even though in a way ARNOLD was HIMMLER's own representative, the Argentine did not tell him what HIMMLER had said. In Buenos Aires GOYENECHE had been the director of, or one of the foremost collaborators in, a political magazine of rightist and catholicist ideas, and a leading member of the young group which revolved around that magazine. In Spain he spent much time giving lectures to students and young Falangistas; he lived in Madrid at the Residencia de Estudiantes and spent a very large part of his waking hours at mass or in the company of priests. The whole purpose of his trip to Germany, ARNOLD said, was to reconcile Hitle/jsm with Catholicism.

The prisoner did not believe that GOYENECHE was in direct contact with the Buenos Aires Government during the time he associated with him, although the Argentine did speak of friendship with Mario AMADEO, then an official of the Argentine Foreign Ministry. GOYENECHE seldom went to his Embassy, ARNOLD said, after his friend Ambassador ESCOBAR was transferred from Madrid. When it was intimated that GOYENECHE did, nevertheless, possess a diplomatic passport, the prisoner resisted the idea, claiming that what he had seen in the Argentine's possession was the equivalent of the German "official mission" document (like the United States' "Special Passport.").

GOYENECHE saw ARNOLD regularly in Madrid, and the prisoner believed that he associated regularly there with other Germans as well. ARNOLD'S relations with the Argentine were limited largely to friendly interviews at which politico-military matters formed the chief topic of conversation. As GOYENECHE had very good connections with a number of important personages in Spanish official circles, ARNOLD paid heed to his opinions on current problems and used him as a source for much of the political material he sent to Berlin. The prisoner never received. anything like a written report from GOYENECHE, however, nor did he ever give the Argentine either money or gifts. The only.favor ARNOLD was able to do for GOYENECHE was to lend him a camera for a few months at one time. GOYENECHE was never looked upon as an "agent" by the SD, but rather as a friend and sympathizer, which -indeed he was.

Commander Eduardo CEBALLOS

CEBALLOS had been Argentine Naval Attache in Berlin for a number of years before he was transferred to Madrid. In Spain, he was in contact with the SD in the person of ARNOLD after Argentina had broken relations with the Reich in January 1944. It is well known that during his stay in Berlin CEBALLOS' chief preoccupation was to obtain the release of the tanker Buenos Aires, bought by Argentina before the war, and held in Goteborg, Sweden, by the Germans' refusal to allow it passage out. When he came to Madrid, CEBALLOS had written orders from the Argentine Ministry of Marine to make contact and deal with any German officials in Spain who might be in a position to facilitate the tanker's release.

The prisoner knew CABALLOS and occasionally discussed current issues with him in the same manner as with MIRANDA and GOYENECHE. Shortly after the Argentine-German rupture, ARNOLD was ordered by Amt VI to get in touch with the Naval Attache and make him one final offer with respect to the tanker, namely, that the Germans would release it if the Argentines would release the German agents arrested in the general spy roundup of February 1944. The prisoner telephoned CEBALLOS and said he had an important proposition regarding the tanker, suggesting a discreet meeting in a cafe. The Naval Attache signified his willingness -he was ready to do anything to gain his longtime objective- and the two met. ARNOLD presented the German Government's offer -an official one in writing- and CEBALLOS took it and communicated it to his superiors in Buenos Aires. In spite of its

47

former eagerness to get the tanker, however, the Argentine Ministry of Marine never replied to the offer. ARNOLD said CEBALLOS was very pro-German, but he never worked for the SD in any informational or other tangible capacity, nor did he at any time receive money or gifts from the prisoner.

Dr. Adrian C. ESCOBAR and Consul Aquilino LOPEZ.

Mention has been made above of the Argentine Ambassador ESCOBAR'S aid to GOYENECHE in obtaining entry permits for Germany and France. According to ARNOLD, both ESCOBAR and the then Argentine Consul in Madrid, Aquilino LOPEZ, were in contact with the chief of the SD in Paris, Dr. Helmut Herbert KNOCHEN. The prisoner volunteered that he understood ESCOBAR had sought this connection when he thought Germany was going to win the war, hoping thus to get into favor with Germany and at the same time become a political prophet in his own land. The Ambassador professed himself a great friend of Fascism in general and of the Reich in particular. Another probable reason for the contact, ARNOLD thought, was that ESCOBAR hoped, through his trips to visit KNOCHEN and others, to establish a legitimate pretext for crossing the French frontier with no questions asked. The prisoner had no proof, but believed that both ESCOBAR and Consul LOPEZ, who sometimes accompanied his chief, took advantage of their border crossings to engineer illicit deals in foreign exchange and contraband goods. Captain MIRANDA, with whom the prisoner later discussed ESCOBAR, said that the Ambassador, who was very fond of good living, had certainly taken advantage of his friendship with the Germans to do profitable business when he went to France.

ARNOLD'S statements concerning ESCOBAR were based on informed hearsay, as the Ambassador had left Madrid when he arrived in September in 1942. With LOPEZ, however; there was direct contact. In November 1942, the prisoner received an order from Berlin to make connections with the Consul -in the order it was stated that LOPEZ had declared himself ready to work for the SD and give them political reports; it was added that the contact had been made originally by the SD in Paris. ARNOLD therefore went to LOPEZ ' office in Madrid. Much to his surprise the Consul was very much perturbed by the visit, and got rid of him as quickly as he could, The prisoner could not at the time understand LOPEZ' attitude, since Argentina still maintained diplomatic relations with Germany and the visit of a German was not an unusual thing in Madrid.

Later, LOPEZ' attitude was explained. ARNOLD learned that the Consul had complained to KNOCHEN of his visit, saying that he had not meant he would work with the SD in Madrid, but rather only through direct contact with the Paris office: if he had anything he would deliver it personally to the SD at Hendaye. The illicit foreign exchange, deals of LOPEZ were at that time an open secret in Spanish circles, so ARNOLD supposed that the reason the Consul resisted dealing with him was precisely so that he might have a pretext for crossing the border.

The prisoner stressed once more that he had no proof of the blackmarket activities of either ESCOBAR or LOPEZ, but added that any of the SD personnel who were at that time stationed at Hendaye should have concrete knowledge; if they were U.S. prisoners they might be interrogated to advantage. LOPEZ was a long-standing member of the Union CMca Radical in Argentina, the least pro-German of the political parties, and this fact strengthened the prisoner's belief that LOPEZ was only collaborating with the Nazis for what he could get out of them.

Major Elias BELMONTE and Ruben SARDON

Sometime in the second half of 1943 the former Bolivian military Attache in Berlin, Major Elias BELMONTE PABON, arrived in Madrid from Germany. At the same time, ARNOLD

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received orders to accompany BELMONTE to Bilbao to receive the letter's half-brother, Ruben SARDON PABON, and to arrange for the two to travel on to Berlin. SARDON was arriving from Buenos Aires. The prisoner accordingly took BELMONTE in his car to Bilbao, met the half-brother, and drove the pair back to Madrid; and thence he later took them to the border and despatched them to Germany. For his trip from Argentina SARDON had used his regular Bolivian passport with a visa for Spain, He did not, however, wish any evidence of his Berlin trip to appear on this document, so ARNOLD arranged with the Office of the Police Attache for false German papers to be used instead.

On his arrival in Madrid, SARDON simply went to the Spanish police and signed in, giving an address in Madrid and receiving the customary temporary authorization for residence. He then went as far as Irun on his Bolivian passport. There he was helped to cross the border clandestinely by the delegate of the Police Attache from San Sebastian, and once across the line he used his German pass. The latter was not a regular German passport, but the grey- type document customarily furnished to Volksdeutsche, that is, ethnic Germans of other than German nationality, such as Czechoslovakian, Polish, et cetera. SARDON spent about three months in Germany then returned by the same route, again crossing the frontier clandestinely and subsequently resuming the use of his Bolivian passport, unmarred by any evidence of his trip. Major BELMONTE remained in Berlin, working for the Reich as before.

It was quite evident to ARNOLD that SARDON came to Europe to establish contact with his half-brother and to sound out the latter's opinions on matters of political moment in Bolivia. During the automobile ride from the port to Madrid, in the first flush of their reunion, ARNOLD recalled that practically all the conversation was devoted to rapid staccato questions and answers about mutual friends. The prisoner recalled that the names of FOIANINI, PAZ ESTENSSORO and FILIPPI were mentioned, but he did not remember any others. He did, however, recollect that during the trip SARDON informed his half-brother that BELMONTE' s old mother had got the Bolivian President PENARANDA to admit privately to her that it was then recognized that the famous "BELMONTE- WENDLER note" was a forgery; PENARANDA added that the BELMONTE's must understand that owing to the world situation the Bolivian Government could not very well admit this publicly for the time being. ARNOLD subsequently learned in Amt VI that SARDON had made a great nuisance of himself during his Berlin sojourn. He had whined incessantly at the hardships of wartime existence, and was constantly demanding extra treatment. Among other things he complained very volubly that when he had landed in Bilbao his camera had been left forgotten in the customs shed. SARDON blamed ARNOLD for this; and finally Amt VI gave him a new camera to shut him up.

When he returned to Madrid SARDON avoided contact with Germans, although once when he saw the prisoner in a bar he said hello. To ARNOLD'S knowledge he associated constantly with the ranking officer of the Bolivian Legation in the Spanish capital -ARNOLD was not sure whether it was the Minister or the Charge d'Affaires.

The 1943 meeting was the prisoner's first contact with Major BELMONTE, although of course he had heard of him in the Amt and knew that Ewald GEPPERT had once sent the Bolivian on some sort of mission to Lisbon. When ARNOLD returned to Berlin for consultation in January 1944, the Bolivian Revolution of the previous month was still fresh news and was being commented on with great interest in Amt VI. Kurt GROSS was all for sending BELMONTE right back to his country to ride the crest of the new movement, since the Bolivian was recognized as a "people's leader". GROSS hoped thereby to convert the revolution from an officers' Putsch to a popular movement; he even envisaged the possibility of BELMONTE's being chosen president in a democratic election. GROSS was already dickering for a submarine or other form of transportation to get the Bolivian back to his people, but he feared privately that BELMONTE would refuse to go. ARNOLD, who

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recognized the quality of BELMONTE's Indian courage, was sure that he would go, and betted GROSS 100 marks in support of his conviction.

However, after much pondering and careful stud; of all available reports coming in concerning the post-revolutionary situation, BELMONTE himself decided that if he appeared on the scene his comrades-in-arms would be fatally compromised vis-a-vis the United States: he therefore decided to remain in Germany. (Note: contrast this with the statement of Hedwig SOMMER, who believed that it was Amt VI which lost interest in sending BELMONTE, not the opposite. ARNOLD seemed on fairly sure ground concerning the point, as he had made the bet with GROSS and followed the matter closely.)

When at the end of 1944. Major BELMONTE left Germany and came to Madrid to stay, he abjured all contact with Germans, asking ARNOLD personally, in their only interview, to abstain from calling on him or even writing to him in the future. His reason for this was that he feared any such contact would harm the cause of the new Bolivian Government, with which BELMONTE identified himself in absentia. At the same time he manifested a burning desire to put himself right with the Allied authorities in Madrid in order to return to Bolivia. With only one German did BELMONTE make an exception: his mistress Helga DREWSEN.

This Fraulein arrived in Madrid from Berlin several months before the war ended sent by Amt VI. She had orders to establish contact with ARNOLD, but never did so -probably, the prisoner thought, because BELMONTE had forbidden her to. ARNOLD never did see her in Spain, although he heard that Max SCHNEEMANN had run across her and BELMONTE at a swimming pool near Madrid in the fall of 1945. To the best of the prisoner's knowledge Major BELMONTE and Miss DREWSEN are still living together in Madrid.

The HELLMUTH Affair

The prisoner was questioned briefly conceraing his knowledge of the projected arms buying tour of the Argentine Osmar Alberto HELLMUTH in mid-1 943. He said only that he received orders to see that HELLMUTH got off to Berlin as soon as he arrived in Spain. When HELLMUTH failed to arrive, ARNOLD did not for a time know what had happened; but he eventually learned of the Argentine's arrest indirectly through the new Argentine Military Attache at Madrid, Colonel Carlos Alberto VELEZ, who had been on the same ship. ARNOLD never met VELEZ personally, nor did he appear to know anything at all about Reinhardt SPITZY, the agent of the Briinner Waffenwerke who dealt with the Attache. The prisoner knew vaguely that BECKER had been involved in the HELLMUTH affair, and that Hans HARNISCH of the Abwehr was the principal German figure in the case.

Miguel CERRO CEBRIAN

As mentioned in a preceding section the former Peruvian Charge d'Affaires at Berlin, Miguel CERRO CEBRIAN, was recruited as a collaborator by the German Foreign Ministry at the time he was interned at Baden Baden awaiting exchange. In what his collaboration consisted, ARNOLD never discovered; but he did know that CERRO CEBRIAN, like BELMONTE, had repudiated his country's action in breaking relations with Germany. In 1943 the Peruvian came to Madrid with his wife, and the prisoner knew that he was in contact with the German Embassy there. ARNOLD'S relations with CERRO CEBRIAN were private in nature: as with GOYENOCHE and MIRANDA the prisoner made use of his talks with the former Charge in his political reporting to Amt VI, but there was never any question of remuneration or regular employment. It was mentioned above that ARNOLD suspected CERRO CEBRIAN of seeking contact with the Allies towards the end of the war.

Christian KROLL

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According to ARNOLD, KROLL was a brother-in-law of the Peruvian Ambassador in Madrid, RIVERA SCHREIBER. He was by profession an engineer, and had formerly worked with the broadcasting department of the German Foreign Ministry in Berlin, but, when he found his work was being rendered sterile by lack of comprehension on the part of the Rundfunk authorities, he moved to Spain. At the time KROLL came to Madrid in 1943, Mme. EDITH FAUPEL wrote ARNOLD to get in touch with this hijo of hers -she referred to all her proteges as her "sons"- and the prisoner called on the new arrival. KROLL was hard pressed for money, so ARNOLD managed, through the intermediary of Amt VI, to place him as representative of a German firm -its name the prisoner could not recall- at a contracted salary of more or less 4.000 Pesetas a month.

In obtaining this job for the Peruvian ARNOLD told Amt VI that KROLL would be very useful to the SD in view of his relationship to Ambassador RIVERA SCHREIBER. In this, however, the prisoner wilfully exaggerated, since he was fully aware that relations between the two were cool and that RIVERA SCHREIBER would never confide in his brother-in-law. And so it turned out: ARNOLD and KROLL often met in cafes and bars or at dinner, and discussed the politico-military situation as it affected South America, but Amt V/was not satisfied with the information gained from the Peruvian and scolded ARNOLD on several occasions. The prisoner added that KROLL, who was of German-Peruvian parentage, became one of the closest personal friends he had in Madrid: he was absolutely honest and frank. At the beginning of 1946 KROLL returned to Peru, and the prisoner heard no more of him. Carlos CRUZ (*)

FAUPEL's Ibero-Amerikanisches lnstitut{see POLAD airgram.no. 354 of Dec. 20, '45, item no. 11.). In 1543 Colonel CRUZ, then in Vienna, wrote to General FAUPEL and offered himself without reserve to the cause of the "New Europe'. He asked and got recommendations to leading personalities of the Falange in Madrid, where he then planned to go instead of returning with the other Chilean diplomats to Chile. (CRUZ, like BELMONTE and CERRO CEBRIAN- repudiated his country's breach in relations with the Axis.)
 * The name of Carlos CRUZ figured several times in the correspondence of General

The former Chilean Consul in Vienna, Carlos CRUZ, came to Madrid in an attempt to obtain Spanish representations for his country and to sell Chilean merchandise in Spain. ARNOLD did not recall how he got to know CRUZ, remembering only that the meeting had been a chance one. Their association lasted only about two months: ARNOLD recollected that he asked CRUZ about Chilean politics and that they talked of Argentina -the ex-Consul had a very poor opinion of Argentine professional politicians in general and of Colonel PERON in particular- he considered PERON a demagogue and a politicker.

The Chilean traveled a good bit around Spain trying to drum up trade. The prisoner recalled that CRUZ was away from Madrid when he, ARNOLD, was arrested by the Spanish police, and that while he was in jail CRUZ returned to Chile. (*)

Dr. FERNANDEZ MORAN

FERNANDEZ MORAN was another of Mme. FAUPEL's entourage of young proteges -he was a Venezuelan who had studied in Germany since he was fourteen years old, and had not gone home in the 1942 exchange because he wanted to finish his medical studies. At the age of twenty-four he received his doctorate, but by that time it was very difficult to get out of Germany. ARNOLD did not know how FERNANDEZ MORAN had come into contact, with Kurt GROSS, but believed it was through the intermediary of Mme. FAUPEL. In any event, the connection was purely personal -ARNOLD emphasized that the young Venezuelan made no premise whatsoever to work for Amt VI; GROSS was merely helping him to get out of Germany in deference to the wishes of Mme. FAUPEL.

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GROSS gave FERNANDEZ MORAN ARNOLD'S address in Madrid, and in June or July of 1944 the Venezuelan visited him. As soon as he had got his papers in order and received money from home, FERNANDEZ MORAN returned to Venezuela. The prisoner believed that this happened while he himself was in Vigo awaiting the arrival of the Passim, in September 1944, since he did not recall FERNANDEZ MORAN's departure and only later -in about November- got a note saying the young doctor had arrived safely in Venezuela.

IX. Relations with SD - Portugal

Sturmbannfuehrer NASSENSTEIN

The prisoner was cuestioned regarding his relations with Sturmbannfuehrer ARNOLD may be mistaken about the date of CRUZ' return. In any case, a further item in the FAUPEL files is a greetings telegram dated January 1944 in Buenos Aires, from CRUZ to General FAUPEL. NASSENSTEIN, the Amt VI representative in Lisbon, and with the two Brazilian integralists who collaborated with the SD, Plinio SALGADO and Luiz ALBUQUERQUE. ARNOLD affirmed that he had only casual contact with NASSENSTEIN on the several occasions that the latter visited Madrid. Regarding SALGADO and ALBUQUERQUE the prisoner knew only that the Amt was at one time very much interested in gaining their collaboration, but that NASSENSTEIN did not succeed in getting much good out of them. SALGADO was more political philosopher than activist, ARNOLD also got the impression that he was too cowardly to be of any use to the SD. ALBUQUERQUE was an unknown quantity.

Karl Ernst von MERCK

Von MERCK was included by Hedwig SCANNER among the Amt VI people in Lisbon who worked under NASSENSTEIN, and ARNOLD was questioned concerning him. He knew that during a certain time von MERCK worked in Portugal, but he was unaware of any of the details of his activity for NASSENSTEIN. ARNOLD did, however, come into contact with Von MERCK when the latter moved to Spain, and related the following concerning him. Von MERCK and the prisoner knew each other in Buenos Aires, where the former was a Party member and a reporter for the German-language Deutsche La Plata Zeitung. Later, on one of his trips to Berlin, ARNOLD found von MERCK there working for the Voelkischer Beobachter, and he subsequently went to Lisbon as a correspondent for that paper, in December 1944 or January 1945 von MERCK left Lisbon for Madrid, continuing his journalistic work in Spain.

The prisoner saw a good bit of his former friend in Madrid, but said that while in Spain von MERCK could not be classed as a collaborator of the SD -he never gave ARNOLD any kind of a report, and only discussed the political situation with him. Von MERCK, ARNOLD said, was a clever and intelligent journalist, but he was almost totally deaf and conversation with him was rather difficult. He spoke perfect Spanish, his father having been German and his mother a Guatamaltecan. In Madrid von MERCK married one of the employees of the German Embassy, but ARNOLD never got to know the lady.

X. The arrival of the Passim

The prisoner was required to tell of his part in the arrival in Spain of the Passim, a naval cutter of Abwehr Marine under the command of Captain GARBERS which was making its return trip to Europe after having delivered the SD agents HANSEN and SCHROELL on the Argentine coast in 1944.

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In July 1944 ARNOLD received word from Berlin that a sailing vessel was on its way to Spain with some SD men aboard; it had originally been destined for France, but was unable to land there owing to the Allied invasion, whereupon radio orders had been given the captain to head for Vigo. The prisoner was instructed to go there and receive it, taking. care of the crew and the cargo. He proceeded to Vigo, hired a ten-ton launch with a crew of two sailors -they were Gallegos and the old-time smugglers- and went to the north entrance of Vigo harbor to await the cutter's arrival. (ARNOLD had already instructed Berlin to radio the Passim to wait near the north entrance until he could contact it and take charge of the cargo and agents before the ship entered port.)

ARNOLD'S plan was to transfer the whole crew and cargo to his launch, take everything into Vigo and dispatch it clandestinely to Madrid, then return and sink the Passim near the coast. ARNOLD and his crew lurked about Vigo harbor for almost three weeks in September 1 944, fishing and swimming and occasionally going ashore for supplies. When the cutter finally did arrive, however, they missed it. Firstly, the Passim had been erroneously described to the prisoner by Berlin as a 46-ton vessel with two masts, whereas in reality it had three. Secondly, Captain GARBERS disobeyed the order to tarry in the north entry of the harbor, and went right into the port at night.

The cutter arrived in Vigo about 4 a.m. As soon as there was daylight Heinz LANGE, who was one of the passengers, got himself taken ashore and made a hurried tour of the town's eating-places until he chanced upon ARNOLD breakfasting in a small bar. The two knew each other from Buenos Aires, and the prisoner said it was like seeing a ghost when the dishevelled LANGE appeared at the door in the early morning light. He had known that LANGE was among the passengers, since he had recognized his cover-name of JENSEN in the original communication from Berlin; but ARNOLD had not known the other cover-names which were mentioned and did not discover until later that the remaining two passengers were Philipp IMHOF and Juergen SIEVERS.

While LANGE was rushing about town in search of ARNOLD the Vigo Abwehr agent Walter GIESE -whom ARNOLD knew as Alfredo THOMAS- had managed to get in touch with the Passim and smuggle ashore to the German Consulate all the correspondence and other material which LANGE had brought along from BECKER'S organization in Argentina. (** The following was read in a report of the interrogation of Walter GIESE by G-2: GIESE, working in Vigo, was advised by Abwehr III (Kurt von ROHRSCHEIDT) that a cutter was to arrive with two SD agents aboard. The SD man (ARNOLD) had been instructed to receive them, but GIESE was advised to remain in the background in case he were needed. The SD man did miss the boat and GIESE had to care for the cutter when it reached port, getting the cargo ashore. The crew was interned for a few weeks.

In this, GlESE'was aided by a Spaniard, who had formerly been representative of a German steamship line in Vigo -the prisoner could not recall his name. There was not time however, to save the crew and the vessel and they were interned, along with SIEVERS and IMHOF, for a matter of some weeks. At the intercession of the Embassy they were eventually released and allowed to proceed by air to Berlin.

LANGE's foresight in promptly abandoning the ship was justified, as he escaped internment and delay. He and ARNOLD went to the Consulate and examined the material -LANGE had sunk much of it en route when there was. a scare about a British warship, but there remained two big packages about two feet square. The prisoner opened them and leafed through the contents, noting only that these consisted of reports, photographs, diagrams, et cetera. Then he repacked everything in dry paper, as the material was very damp. ARNOLD and LANGE went to Madrid with their burden and the prisoner forwarded it immediately to Amt VI. LANGE remained in Madrid for three or four weeks then went on to Berlin. ARNOLD never saw him again, nor did he know what had become of him.

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X. The SCHNEEMAN and ZUEHLSDORF mission

The Microdot Machines

The story of Max SCHNEEMANN and Hans Christian ZUEHLSDORF has been adequately covered in the interrogation of Hedwig SOMMER and in the recent questioning of SCHNEEMANN himself (POLAD despatch no. 7386 of October 15, 1946). These two arrived in Madrid in March 1945, and were temporarily assigned to ARNOLD for handling pending their projected trip to northern South America, ZUEHLSDORF sailed for Buenos Aires after a few months in Spain, and was subsequently picked up by the Allied authorities at Trinidad; SCHNEEMANN remained in Spain until his repatriation in the same airlift with ARNOLD. SCHNEEMANN's testimony regarding the microdot equipment in his and ARNOLD'S possession, while willingly given, was confused and incomplete. ARNOLD was therefore required to supplement SCHNEEMANN's story. Although his version did not agree in every respect with that of his colleague, ARNOLD'S testimony appears more integrated and probable.

SCHNEEMANN claimed that ARNOLD received a microdot-machine intended for him and ZUEHLSDORF, but refused to give it to them; that ARNOLD later did give SCHNEEMANN a smaller, inferior apparatus, which he, SCHNEEMANN, subsequently sold to the Spanish for 8,000 Pesetas; and that still later ARNOLD gave the first machine to the Spanish.

The prisoner did not contradict SCHNEEMANN as to the number of machines, but affirmed that his colleague was mistaken in supposing that he had been given the inferior of the two; they were absolutely identical, ARNOLD said. There was a smaller apparatus, in more or less cigar-box size, scheduled to arrive from Berlin: but it was to have been an improved model rather than a poorer one. Moreover, it never was delivered. The prisoner's version of the matter, reconstructed after considerable checking, follows:

In mid-March, 1945, ZUEHLSDORF arrived in Madrid by airplane, to te followed at the end of the month by SCHNEEMANN. Shortly before ZUEHLSDORF's arrival Amt VI had sent to ARNOLD a camera for taking the minute photographs known in the Amt VI as "Mipu-s" (an abbreviation for mikropunkte or microdots). It was intended that ARNOLD should learn how to use the the machine and to this end there also appeared in Madrid a Chilean woman named Emma PEREZ (for whom see below), who was to make initial use of the apparatus and at the same time instruct ARNOLD how to carry on with it. But the end of the war with its attendant confusion was followed closely by the prisoner's arrest by the Spanish in June 1945, with the result that he not only never took a microdot lesson but never even got a proper look inside the case which inclosed the apparatus. (This was a regular leather suitcase.) At the same time, Berlin informed ARNOLD that it would soon forward to him the smaller, improved model, but this never arrived. The prisoner believed that the Amts failure to send it owed to the impossible state of communications in the closing months of the war. Hearing ARNOLD speak of this smaller apparatus was probably what confused SCHNEEMANN, the prisoner thought. Then, at about the time ZUEHLSDORF arrived -either in the same airplane or in the one directly before or after it- a second Mipu machine arrived for ZUEHLSDORF's use, to be taken along on the mission to South America, ARNOLD insisted that this second apparatus was for ZUEHLSDORF and not for SCHNEEMANN. Along with it came a radio-transmitter, and both machines were encased in metal cases, hermetically soldered. The Mipu apparatus was identical in size with that which

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had already been received by ARNOLD, the only difference being that the case was of metal instead of leather.

In May and June 1945, respectively, SCHNEEMANN and ARNOLD were arrested by the Spanish for different reasons and spent the summer in jail. ZUEHLSDORF, in the meanwhile, left Spain for South America. When he got out, ARNOLD gave the second apparatus (the metal-cased one) to the Spanish captain BAHAMONDE Y GUITAN, in order to keep on good terms with Spanish officialdom. BAHAMONDE subsequently passed the apparatus on to Comandante Pablo ALVAREZ LARA, of the Spanish General Staff. ARNOLD also let ALVAREZ LARA have the metal-encased transmitter left by ZUEHLSDORF, although the Spaniard refused to accept it as a gift and insisted on paying the prisoner 4,000 Pesetas for it. ARNOLD wanted to give ALVAREZ LARA the other 40- watt transmitter sent to him by Amt VI some months before the war's end, but he discovered that the Spaniard with whom he had left it for safe-keeping had himself sold it to one of the Spanish intelligence services, keeping the money. The prisoner averred that, he would be very happy to help locate this individual, as he was a swindler of the first category, but the name escaped him.

Before being jailed SCHNEEMANN had got possession of the first leather encased apparatus, probably through its custodian, Emma PEREZ, with whom he was on intimate terms. After his release SCHNEEMANN lent this machine to the policeman FERNANDEZ RIVAS, and subsequently got it back to sell to ALVAREZ LARA for 8,000 Pesetas. During all this time SCHNEEMANN kept importuning ARNOLD to give the ZUEHLSDORF machine to him, SCHNEEMANN, claiming that it was by rights his. (...)

Emma PEREZ ( 'NEGRA')

ARNOLD did not know the first name of this Chilean woman, whose nickname was NEGRA, but Max SCHNEEMANN confirmed that it was Emma. She appears to be identical with a certain Emma PEREZ B., also a Chilean, several of whose letters were found in the FAUPEL files: the latter Emma PEREZ confided to Mme. FAUPEL that she was working for the R.S.H.A. In any case, the Chilean woman came to Madrid from Berlin a few weeks before the end of the war. All that Amt VI told Arnold was that she was competent in the handling of the Mipu camera and that he was to take lessons from her: Berlin thought this important since it was expected that air communication with Madrid would soon be cut off.

Amt VI sent ARNOLD a sum of money for Miss PEREZ— it was either 6,000 or 9,000 Pesetas — and when she arrived he gave it to her and she started work. Before she had achieved any tangible results she blew out a tube in the machine — the Madrid current was different than that of Berlin — and before ARNOLD could get her another one the war was over. So the prisoner never.learned about microdot photography.

ARNOLD had very little personal contact with Miss PEREZ, but he gathered that she was not particularly sympathetic to National Socialism, having offered her services to Amt VI in order to be able to leave Germany and salvage the 1 0,000-1 5,000 marks which she had saved in the Reich. This money she never dii get, although ARNOLD gave her something when he liquidated his organization (see below). She and SCHNEEMANN were very friendly, and she lived in the same boarding house with him until he was arrested in May 1945. The prisoner

believed that after her work with Amt VI ceased she received help from one of the Chilean diplomats in Madrid: he himself lost touch with her after his arrest, but believed she might still be in Madrid. ARNOLD added that he got the impression that kiss Perez' real political sentiments were more leftist than otherwise.

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Max SCHNEEMANN

With-the-exception of the conflicting statements regarding the disposal of the itipu equipment, nothing the prisoner said about his colleague was fundamentally in contradiction to what SCHNEEMANN told about himself in interrogation. ARNOLD did add, however, that SCHNEEMANN drank too much for an agent, and when he was drunk in a public bar he would tell anyone who had on a blue shirt that he was a German. Undoubtedly, thought the prisoner, this was what had caused SCHNEEMANN to be caught in the trap of the impostors who posed as policemen and swindled him of his ring and camera — one of their gang heard him talking freely in a bar and thought: good, here was a victir..

SCHNEEMANN, of course, committed the further imbecility, when he went to the police to reclaim his stolen property, of carrying on his person his false seaman's papers in the name of Angel BLANCO BLANCO, and at the same time telling the police that he was not Angel BLANCO BLANCO but the German Max SCHNEEMANN. (...)

False documents

Most forged papers were furnished by Amt VT-F, although there were also means of obtaining certain types of these locally. Whenever the prisoner needed a German passport, as in the case of Ruben SARDON, it was of course no great matter to obtain one at the Office of the Police Attache. ARNOLD simply furnished, photographs of the subject together with the desired name.

To obtain Spanish documents was usually merely a matter of bribing the proper employee, but the prisoner never made the contact in person in such cases. For SCHNEEMANN and ZUEHLSDORF, as well as for himself, he obtained merchant seamen's papers which were legitimate, having belonged to mariners who had left the sea. These were bought in their original condition by Joaquin LOPEZ, through the intermediary of a friend, from an employee of a maritime office in Bilbao. The friend paid from 50 to 100 Pesetas apiece for them, and LOPEZ bought them from him for 200 or 250 Pesetas. In Madrid ARNOLD'S organization changed the photographs and replaced the rubber-stamp seals by a paper- transfer process with a stamp-ink pad.

As mentioned below the prisoner paid HELGUERO VALCARCEL 500 Pesetas for his safe conduct and driver's license in the name of Carlos ALONSO. The lawyer, however, never told him where or how he obtained these documents. (...)

XIII. Liquidation of the ARNOLD organization

In the months of May and June, 1 945, after the war was over, ARNOLD liquidated his organization. Following the example of the German Embassy and many of the German commercial houses he gave each of his then remaining collaborators more or less six months salary in advance, from a large sum sent him by Berlin as follows:

Pablo SILVEYRA 30,000 ptas.

Joaquin LOPEZ 15, 000 ptas.

Jose Luis DIAZ 15,000 ptas.

Francisco GOICOECHEA.. . .12,000 ptas. Alejandro MINK 6,000 or 8,000 ptas.

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Emma PEREZ

.10,000 or 12,000 ptas.

The prisoner included Emma PEREZ with the others because she wanted to get back to Chile and he did not know what to do with her. Later, for her passage, he also gave her 7,000 Argentine pesos which had shortly before been sent him by the Amt through Lisbon, as PEREZ never succeeded in getting her Reichsmarks savings out of Germany. SCHNEEMANN and ZUEHLSDORF supposedly had most of the money which had been originally entrusted them for their mission — ARNOLD did not know how much it was — and as they were not considered part of his regular organization he left them out of the division. After the above sum hid been paid out the prisoner still had between 90,000 and 1 00,000 peseta. Of this sum he later had to pay out 60,000 Pesetas, as well as his own car, to the lawyer who got him and keywald out of jail: 50,000 as the price of the deal and 10;000 more for the actual bail. ARNOLD 's automobile — an Opel with license number MU 5191 — he later sacrificed to the lawyer, Antonio HELGUERO VALCARCEL, to make a further deal with the desk officer (oficial de mesa) at the Juzgado n° 3 so that ARNOLD and keywald should not have to report personally tihile free on bail (...)

XIV. Arrest in the banknote affair

Much has been written in other interrogations, as well as undoubtedly in the records of the Spanish police themselves, regarding the well known case of the counterfeit British banknotes allegedly received by ARNOLD and/or KEYWALD from Amt VI for use in financing their operations. It has been established with some authority that pounds were supplied to some of the missions being equipped to go to the Western Hemisphere.

Hedwig SOMMER under interrogation affirmed that she was instructed by Kurt GROSS to pack a large amount in pounds in about thirty tin waterproof boxes for HANSEN and SCHROELL just before taey left aboard the Passim in April 1944 -She believed that they were given a large sum to take with them. However, SOMMER admitted that her assumption that the money was counterfeit was based on an indirect reference which she happened to see one day in GROSS' correspondence; and when she later heard that persons had been arrested in Portugal for passing counterfeit pound notes she drew a fairly logical inference. SOMMER said she believed that ARNOLD had received a supply, though she thought that most had gone to NASSENSTEIN at Lisbon.

As far as could be gathered from available briefing and from the statements of ARNOLD and MEYWALD, who were the two principal protagonists, the British Consulate's accusations against them were based almost entirely on the allegations of Armin SCHMIDT, a recognized forger and swindler, in whose possession a quantity of the counterfeit banknotes was discovered. SCHMIDT later escaped from Spain with his partner and paramour Ana de POMBO, but nothing in the briefing indicated where this couple now are, or to what authorities SCHMIDT made the allegations outlined above.

During five months' detention and interrogation the Spanish police were apparently unable to substantiate SCHMIDT'S charges against ARNOLD and MEYWALD. In the present interrogation ARNOLD refused adamantly to admit to any complicity in the affair of the banknotes, or to any knowledge of their origin. (...)

XV. Relations with the Spanish intelligence services

ARNOLD'S detention for the banknote affair lasted form June 21 to October 16 1945. Following his release from jail he saw that with the war over and Germany defeated he would have to live by his wits and, above all, to curry favor wherever he could with the Spanish

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authorities. There follows a discussion of the personalities with whom he came into contact in this connection:

Captain BAHAMONDE Y GUITAN and Comandante ALVAREZ LARA.

Arnold believed that Captain BAHAMONDE was not a relative of General FRANCO, as stated by MEYWALD: as a matter of fact, the prisoner rather thought the name was spelled "BAAMONDE", without the "h", but he was not sure. The captain was a previous acquaintance of MEYWALD, as well as of Ana de POMBO and Armin SCHMIDT and he visited ARNOLD and MEYWALD frequently while they were in jail. He did everytning he could to alleviate their situation, and proved himself a staunch and agreeable friend.

Once ARNOLD was released he bethought himself to make use of BAHAMONDE as a channel to the sort of Spanish official connections which he would need if he were to remain a free man. Accordingly, in October 1945, he offered the captain the Mipu camera, calculating that since BAHAMONDE was not connected with intelligence he would in turn get in touch with an officer of that service and pass the apparatus en to him. ARNOLD figured correctly: BAHAMONDE gave the camera to Comandante PABLO ALVARES LARA, and soon introduced ARNOLD to him. ALVAREZ LARA, who accepted the camera and promised ARNOLD the aid and protection of the Spanish authorities, was a member of the Spanish General staff and also, the prisoner believed, connected with the S.I.M. (Spanish Military Intelligence) He also had certain contact with the chief of the intelligence service of the Falange, GONZALEZ VICEN (or VINCEN, or VINCENT).

In November, in order to cement his advantage still further, the prisoner also offered ALVARES LARA the transmitter left by Hans ZUEHLSDORF; this the Spaniard accepted, but only on the condition that ARNOLD allow him to pay 4,000 Pesetas for it. As mentioned above, the prisoner hoped to pass over his other transmitter as well, but discovered that it had been disposed of by the Spaniard in whose care he had left it.

ARNOLD also promised to put ALVAREZ LARA in touch with Max SCHNEEMANN, who

might let him have the Migu machine in his possession -the policeman FERNANDEZ RIVAS was holding it at the time, the prisoner understood. For the first meeting with SCHNEEMANN, ALVAREZ LARA picked the house of a certain Captain Emilio VILLA CALZADILLA, a friend of his who lived in Colonia del Viso. ARNOLD went to that house in a cab, while SCHNEEMANN and Karla BANDT followed in another, some five minutes later. This was in January 1946, the prisoner believed. ARNOLD merely introduced SCHNEEMANN and had a few words with him, then went out to wait in the cab. SCHNEEMANN asked ARNOLD where the other Kipu was, and the prisoner told him he had already given it to BAHAMONDE Y GUITAN. ARNOLD subsequently learned that SCHNEEMANN sold his Mipu for 8,000 Pesetas, and understood that ALVAREZ LARA had offered him also the protection of the Spanish authorities.

At this point the prisoner broke out exasperatedly to exclaim that these promises of protection on the part of BAHAMONDE and ALVAREZ LARA were made with no other end than to gain the confidence of ARNOLD and his associates and to keep track of them, and finally abandon them to whatever fate might be in store. For example, ALVAREZ LARA promised the prisoner a Spanish passport with which he could get to South America; but in spite of numerous reminders he never received it all he got from the Spanish during this period was an occasional invitation to dinner in a restaurant and a series of translation jobs from German to Spanish by means of which he earned a total maximum of 4,000 Pesetas, when arnold was finally arrested in his asturias hideaway, at San Juan de la Arana near oviedo, he managed to send a telegram to ALVAREZ LARA, but the latter never visited him in jail nor did anything to prevent his delivery to the United States (...)

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Captain VILLA CALZADILLA: Captain SANCHEZ LARQUE

VILLA CALZADILLA, at whose house the meeting with SCHNEEMANN was arranged, was known to the prisoner only casually as a friend of ALVAREZ LARA. Their intercourse was limited to an occasional greeting in passing.

Captain Pablo SANCHEZ LARQUE of the S.I.M. was a neighbor of ARNOLD'S in Calle Lista; the prisoner met him through MEYWALD, with whom he worked a good bit. In spite of SCHMIDT'S accusation that ARNOLD had" given some of the British banknotes to SANCHEZ LARQUE, the prisoner affirmed that he had no more than a nodding acquaintance with the captain, and certainly no dealings in connection with intelligence work. Comandante TOLEDO, SANCHEZ' LARQUE's superior officer, was known to ARNOLD only by name from certain allusions in MEYWALD's conversation.

Betrayal bv HELGUERO VALCARCEL and FERNANDEZ RIVAS

In the section devoted to the liquidation of ARNOLD'S organization mention was made of money paid to the lawyer Antonio HELGUERO VALCARCEL for gaining MEYWALD's and ARNOLD'S freedom and for subsequent favors. One day when the prisoner was still in jail he was visited by HELGUERO VALCARCEL in the company of the policeman FERNANDEZ RIVAS, whom ARNOLD had not previously met. The lawyer practised in Madrid at Calle Breton de los Herreros 40, 2nd floor. He offered to get MEYWALD and ARNOLD out of jail for 50,000 Pesetas— 25,000 for each— and the prisoner promised him that sum.

In October 1945, accordingly, HELGUER arranged their release on bail at 5,000 Pesetas each and ARNOLD paid him the agreed 50,000 Pesetas. HELGUERO gave 5,000 of this sum to FERNANDEZ RIVAS in ARNOLD'S presence. As mentioned above the prisoner subsequently gave his Opel automobile and more money to HELGUERO VALCARCEL to arrange for the privilege of not having to report every fifteen days to the police. Both ARNOLD and MEYWALD could report themselves in a private house, in a bar, et cetera, anywhere in Spain. Later, when ARNOLD traveled north, he filled out four empty blanks and left them with VALCARCEL to be handed in when due.

When the Allies began clamoring for the Spanish to hand over ARNOLD for repatriation, HELGUERO came to him and offered false documents of identity. The prisoner accepted and chose the name Carlos ALONSO KLEIBEL, picking the first two names to agree with the initials on his clothes and the last, which he considered to be that of a Swiss mother, because of his Germanic appearance. For 500 Pesetas HELGUERO delivered to ARNOLD a safe conduct valid for six months and a driver's license, both in the new name. But the lawyer and FERNANDEZ RIVAS then began preying on ARNOLD, blackmailing him for more and more money until finally, when they realized that the source was dry and there were no more funds, they denounced his false name to the police and told everything they knew about him.

Since the end of the war ARNOLD had lived continually in hiding, making a little money translating from German to Spanish: one book he translated was Lt. General von RIECKHOFF's Trumpf oder Bluff?, explaining the downfall of the Luftwaffe. ARNOLD abjured almost all contact with Germans, and for weeks on end never even went out on the street. In the summer of 1946 he decided on a change of scenery, hoping to get out in the open air a bit and to live more cheaply. He thus moved as secretly as possible to Asturias, at San Juan de la Arena, near Oviedo, and was living there when he was picked up for repatriation. Only two Madrid people— ALVAREZ LARA and HELGUERO VALCARCEL—

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knew where ARNOLD was, and the prisoner subsequently learned from the police that it was HELGUERO who had betrayed him.

HELGUERO VALCARCEL and FERNANDEZ RIVAS, the prisoner was certain, earned further cash for telling the police all they knew; ARNOLD said it would not surprise him in the least if they had not also tapped the American and British Embassies for what they could get. He felt that the arrests of SCHNEEMANN, Karla BANDT and MEYWALD, as well as his own, could probably be laid at the door of the two informers.

In jail, the night before the airlift of August 23, the prisoner learned through an indiscretion of the same FERNANDEZ RIVAS that he and several others were to leave for Germany the following morning. It was between one and two in the morning when RIVAS appeared in the cell block and gave out the news; the prisoners also noticed a few precautions, such as ringing down heavy shutters on their cells. Arnold had dined well that evening -inmates were allowed to send out for meals- and he still had a liter of wine and about a quarter-bottle of cognac. He also had a dozen Luminal sleeping tablets and one of the minute poison capsules of the type used by Himmlerto kill himself: the latter he always carried on his person. ARNOLD thereupon settled down with the two bottles and began methodically to take the tablets, with a drink or two of wine and cognac between each one. He took the whole dozen before he lost consciousness.

Next morning the prison guards found ARNOLD in a comatose condition, and began treating him. First they pomped out his stomach, then gave him cold baths, then many injections -his arm was sore for days. He recalled practically nothing of all this -when he came to he was in Germany. His poison capsule, which he had not taken, had disappeared along with his fountain pen, money and other effects. ARNOLD believed that the reason the sleeping pills had not killed him was connected with the amount of liquor he drank at the same time.

ARNUS DE FERRER, Emile Gonzale. Nazi agent and smuggler connected with LOTTIER , SCHIFFMANN and MESSEL (see their files) in L'lnter-Commercial Francais. From OSS/ CIA records declassified under Nazi War Crimes Disclosure Act:

Report made at BC/12 Station Date 19.8.1946 Made by DC/12 Source BC/326

"Several days ago the Alto Estado Mayor in Barcelona received secret telegraphic instructions from the central office in Madrid to observe the activities of one ARNUS DE FERRER, who is now in Sitges and who is known to be in contact with many foreigners, one of whom is reported to be the "chief of the intelligence service of a foreign power". The A.E.M. in Madrid instructed that attempt to made to identify the persons with whom ARNUS DE FERRER had any contact (...).

Subject is said to be well supplied with money and is living on a grand scale. One of his friends is the nephew of the ex-Vichy Ambassador to Spain, M. PIETRI. (...) The only foreign intelligence officer known to us to reside in Sitges is my opposite number, who spends every weekend there. He is being advised of this report"

ARP, Heinz Christian / Enrique. Dr. German agent classified C. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Address: Rodriguez Arias 32, Apartado 200, Bilbao. Agent for Kali-Chemie, A.G., Berlin and for a Dutch firm, Beckacite Nij. N.V.

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From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Representative. Now at Balmes 396, 2°, Barcelona. Born Kiel on 28 April 1905. Passport No. 6/37 issued Bilbao on 24.7.37. Member DAF.

ARRANCUDIAGA, Rafael. From Oss records, Washington Office, Special Funds Division Finance, Intelligence: Documents 3401-3450: Naviera Bachi. Listed under the name of Hijos de Astigarraga at Bertendona 4-1, Bilbao. On April 20, 1945, it was reported that Rafael ARRANCUDIAGA negotiated the purchase of this firm from Hijos de Astigarraga on behalf of German interests and while he may ostensibly appear as the owner of this firm it is, in fact, German property. Most of the vessels of this firm are still in operation.

ASCHMEIER, Wilhelm. In 1945 he posed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

ASSELMANN KRANEFELD, Ernesto / Ernst. Address: Muntaner 261. Barcelona. Born June 11, 1879 at Unna i.w. Chief of Personnel at Unicolor. Member of NSDAP.

" Virtually no assets which should go to the reparations pool have been taken over by the Allies. A number of obvious German concerns such as banks, news agencies and shipping companies have been taken over from the Germans by Spanish government controllers. But the Germans continue in charge and the Allies have no real say. Even in these businesses it is clear that real German assets have been salted away elsewhere. German technicians and business experts were sent to Spain to become naturalized citizens and a great many married into the Spanish aristocracy and commercial elite. German businesses were turned into Spanish concerns with Spanish directors while the German brains occupied apparently minor— but in reality all-powerful — positions.

"The board of directors of Unicolor, which is the Spanish branch of the I. G. Farben trust, is typical. Unicolor is now a Spanish firm which according to Spanish law cannot he touched by the Allies, yet the board includes Ernst ASSELMAN, Ernst von STEINDORF, Dr. STEINHAEUSER, Erich OCHS, Alfonso M a GALLARDO, Walter FISCHBACH, Juan SANTIAGOSA, Ernst. FISCHER, Erich FISCHEr.Gustav ZABEL, Josef MAYER-SPIESA, Jose Ma PLANELLA, Salvador MAYOLES, Juan S. PITTIEr, Felix KOTEGEN, Tomas CASANOVAS and Juan LLORENS. The president is a Spaniard, and so is the vice president. But the brains behind the organization occupies a minor secretarial position. He is Herr Ferdinand BIRK-CRECCLIUS." ( The case for the recognition of the Spanish Republic. Memorandum Submitted to The president of the United States. February 26, 1946, p.11)

Obituary in La Vanguardia (August 31, 1947) stated he died August 10, 1947.

ATALAYA, Augusto. From OSS records, Washington Office, Special Funds Division Finance, Intelligence: Documents 3501-3529, dated 14 January, 1946: The Spaniard, Augusto ATALAYA, Inspector General of the Falange at Tetuan, returned to his post late in November from a trip to Madrid. He is said to have brought back with him a few counterfeit Hundred Dollar bills and he told one of our contacts that he could get more of them if he were assured of a market in Morocco. He said that he paid Pts. 18 for them, but another source states that he only paid Pts. 14."

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AUBERGER, Max. In 1945 he posed as a German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

AUERBACH RUZSLI / AUERBACH RUPLI, Georg Rene, alias Rene RUPLI. DOB. Staverin (?),2 May 1900. Arrested April 4, 1946. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 1 March, 1946. B-485 on Agents' List and III priority List. Internee No. 609533 in No 6 CIC Neuengamme. In hospital and not interrogated until 29 May 1946. Relible source reports that both Rene Rupli and wife Sussane were German agents working under Gustav LENZ.

Report on interrogation by OMGUS, Finance Division on May 29, 1946:

"The subject explained that his real name is AUERBACH, that he used the name RUPLI on his emigration from Germany. He gave a verbal account of his trip from Hamburg to Spain,, which account was about in line with the story AUERBACH had previously given the American Embassy in Madrid. He disclaimed any but unpleasant contacts with the Gestapo. AUERBACH said that he is Jewish and that ha was fleeing to Spain on this last trip from Germany, having acquired a false passport. At Stuttgart his passport was picked up by the Gestapo and another false one was issued, also in the name of RUPLI, but listing his nationality as Swiss. This trip took place in May of 1941. AUERBACH said that he had returned to Germany once since leaving, taking a short trip of five or six days in 1942 or 1943. AUERBACH appeared to be very unstable and frequently talked incoherently. The interrogators are of the opinion that the subject is a narcotics addict.

Representing himself as a theatrical producer director - an "impresserio"- AUERBACH insisted that a tremendous amount of German external assets exist in Spain in the form of proceeds from the entertainment field.

It was stated by the subject that there has existed in Spain an institution or association known as Stagma, the full styling of which is Spanische Authoren Gesellschaft, or Sociedad de Autores Espaholes. AUERBACH said that ha does not know either the exact name of this association or the addrees but insisted that it is a well known organization. He claimed that the vice-president of the organization is one Jose Juan CADENAS. The offices of the association were said to be in the same building as those of the Spanische Iberia Versicherungs Gesellschaft America del Sur. The Stagma was also said to have approximately 300 employees.

AUERBACH claimed that several millions of Pesetas are owed Germany by Stagma for rights to the produotlon of theatricals, publishing and production rights of music and scripts. The daily proceeds were estimated to have been about Pesetas 3.500 over the last two years, of which more than ten percent were to have gone into German hands. He explained that during the war these funds were not transmitted to Germany but were accumulated for eventual payment which was never made.

Concerning his >4£)i/i/e/ir activities and association with one LENZ, German agent in Spain, AUERBACH emphatically denied both. He added that he knew a Herr HALM and Herr von ROHESCHEID (misspelled for ROHRSCHEID) who had Abwehr connections. They approached him with a request to take a package to Africa; he refused, and had no further dealings with them.

Information from the Embassy in Madrid has linked AUERBACH with one MOHR, a known German agent. The subject explained this as follows: An actress named Strandzinger was an acquaintance of AUERBACH and the mistress of MOHR. She prevailed upon the subject to meet MOHR. The latter spoke of investing in an AUERBACH production, but was actually

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penniless. AUERBACH claimed to have paid a hotel bill for and to have loaned money to MOHR before he discovered the false pretences.

In respect of an acquaintanceship with Emil LANG, the subject said it was only slight. LANG was represented as a wealthy German who possessed an illegal Swiss passport. AUERBACH believed that LANG owned a wholesale furs establishment at Avenida General Francisco Franco 104, Madrid.

AUERBACH admitted organizing the Viennese Revue which was financed by KAPPS and JOHANN, but denied any Abwehr activity in this connection. KAPPS and JOHANN were thought to have interests in a gas company in Madrid. A lawyer, DOVAL by name, with an office in the Banco Viscaja (misspelled for Vizcaya), does business for and protects KAPPS. The latter is a German who came to Spain in 1942 or 1943..

AUERBACH RUZSLI / AUERBACH RUPLI, Susanne. Repatriated on SS Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. German agent working for LENZ. Wife of Georg Rene AUERBACH. DOB. Dusseldorf, 25 August, 1912.

AUGUSTIN, (fnu). From Hans SOMMER's CI interrogation: Milice member Spanish Intelligence agent. Born 1901. 1.66m height, oval face, prominent cheekbones, dark brown hair, blue eyes. Went to Germany in August 1944. Flew to Spain in June 1945. Arrested and interned at Camp Miranda, Spain, until January 1946. Went to Madrid and joined Spanish Intelligence Service.

AUGUSTIN, Alfons. In 1945 he posed as a German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

AUMOND (fnu). From Hans SOMMER's CI interrogation: Milice member Spanish Intelligence agent. Born 1914. 1.86m height, slender, dark brown curly hair, oval face. Tradesman. Worked on the Westwall. Enlisted in the French SS and fought on the Russian front as U/Stuf. Captured by the British. Went to Madrid and joined the Spanish Intelligence Service. Wife living in Tours, France.

AUMONT, Peter Karl Marie. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Northon, 24 September, 1912. May be the same AUMOND (fnu) named by Hans SOMMER

AZERROD, Jacques / Jacob. Brother and partner of Moises AZERROD.

AZERROD / AZERRAD, Moises. From Roberts Commission, Geographical Card File on Possible Art-Looting Subjects > Africa:

"AZERROD, Moise and brother. Tangier, Morocco The AZERROD brothers are reported to be selling looted silver and jewelry brought to Tangier in small vessels registered at Vigo, Spain, Subject is in charge of supplying provisions to these ships. Part of a silver service was sold to Ernst OESCH of Tangier (proclaimed list) through Hans HUBER for $700.

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Most of solid plate, a jewel case, and a mantelpiece set smuggled to Tetuan. AZERRODs prefer items that can be melted down, avoiding trace. Exact origin unknown. Silver sold in Tangier looted by Nazis from ancient southern French chateaux.

Subject and his brother, Jacques, have bought motor launch from HUBER (see HUBERT, Hans) for 7,500 Pesetas which they intended to use for fishing and for contraband. Also acquired from Renschausen & Co. through HUBER a safe, some furniture, films and a heap of objects of German origin. See source for details on above mentioned deals.

Roberts Commission - Protection of Historical Monuments ... Subject File > Spain : Safehaven Report dated 1 March, 1945:

"According to an OSS report of February 2, 1945, classified G 2, old silver which was looted- from southern Franch chateaux during the Nazi occupation, was brought to Tangier in small vessels registered at Vigo, Spain, and is being sold in Tangier and Spanish Morooco by AZERROD brothers.

Among the items brought to Tangier for sale were an ordinary silver service and some solid silver plates from which the initials and e emble markings had been removed. In addition, it appears that a lewel case and a mantelpiece have been smuggled into this area and are now in Tetuan. It is stated that a part of the ordinary silver service sold for 14,000 Spanish Pese- tas (approximately $700) to Ernst OESCH of Tangier (P.L.) through Hans HUBERT. The AZERROD brothers are searching primarily for items that may be changed or melted down without leaving any trace. It has been impossible to ascertain the exact origin of this silver. Although it cannot be confirmed, the brothers AZERROD especially Moise, who takes charge of supplying the ships with provisions, have received different objects by the same route. HUBERT has intervened in all this traffic."

AZNAR. Spanish agent for Abwehr. (General Records Pertaining to External Assets Investigations, compiled 1948 - 1950, documenting the period 1939 - 1950. Series: Repatriates : Spain - General (June 1946- September 1947) )

From OSS record, dated 5 June 1946: "Subject: Continued collaboration of Barcelona Police (...), who in the past collaborated with AB-Landers in this city, are now assisting them in avoiding Allied control:"Police inspector in charge of the Brigada de Extranjeros. This individual is responsible for the apprehension of AB-Landers who are to be repatriated to Germany."

BAALK, Robert. SS Hauptscharfuehrer. January 1942. Madrid: Chief from 1939 until August 1944, Krim Rat WINZER; assistants: Krim Kom HAMMES, Pol O/lnsp VEY, Krim Sek GUTBIER, Krim Sek SCHMIT, Krim Sek KOENEKE, Krim O/Asst BAALK, Krim Kom KRUEGER, chief clerk VIONSEK. See HAMMES- interrogation by OCCPAC.

BACHERLE, Heid. German agent classified B. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Female assistant employed at German Embassy, Madrid.

BACKHAUS, Ingeborg. Repatriated on Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946.. Son, Franz Norbert BACKHAUS, aged 3. DOB, Quedlinburg 1 November 1922. E-53 in Official List.

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BADESTUBNER / BADESTUEBNER, Johann. Commander Chief of NVW {Nachrichtenverbindungswesens). Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

BAER, Maria Dolores. Agent classified lll-A in OSS records. Professor. Address: calle Santa Clara 21, Andalucia (sic)

BAESELER (fnu). German agent connected with LESSER and Hans BRANDES. In charge in Bayona of smuggling and transports of Sofindus. Hidden in Spain in 1945.

BAHMER Agent in Spanish Morocco and Tangier, Ill-Unclassified in OSS records. Used to go to the observatory of Sidi Bouknadel.

BAIER, Paul. In 1945 he posed as a German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BAIER, Wilhelm. In 1945 he posed as a German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BAKER, Charles Harold. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Frankfurt, 24 May, 1926.

BAKUS, Anita. German agent classified B. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Secretary to Dr. WEISS. Address: Hotel Nacional, Madrid.

BALCK, Robert. SD/ Gestapo still in Spain in 1946. O/Asst. German. He is above 41 years old, 1.80 meters tall, muscular, with black hair and a dark complexion. He was a police official from tho Schupo (Schutzpolizei)and was transferred to Madrid in 1940 as an official in tho Office of Police Attache. He also served with the German Consulate in Badajoz for a time. He was in tho NSDAP.

BALLES, Alfred. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: 1.G. Farbenindustrie A.G. Employee (Unicolor S.A.). Address: Dr. Areilza 2, 4o dcha., Bilbao. Born Mannheim, 21 October, 1900. Passport No 509/ 39 issued Barcelona 29.7.1939. Member of DAF.

BALLIN-BORMASS, Edgar. Repatriated from Bilbao.

BALLWEG, Ernst Paul. German agent classified B. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Interned at Caldas de Malavella, December, 1944. Repatriated by air from Spain between 29 January to 25 february 1946. Po. No. 0757. Interrogated between February and May 1946. British Reports. Despite his denial, connected to Placido FERNANDEZ (Nazi sympathiser who did considerable business with Hamburg) and the

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company Hispano Tangerina. In 1946 he owned a firm in Tangier known as Trans Afrikaner S.A., which was run by Hans DREHER (Swiss). Ballweg said that a Russian, HEYKOWITSCH, in Madrid was the expert on gold purchases for the Germans. He run the Banco di Tangieri in Tangier.

BALTES, Peter. In 1945 he posed as a German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BALTUTTIS, Paul. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Hisma Ltda. Employee. Address: calle de los Heros 32, 3o drcha., Bilbao. Born Berlin-Neukolln, 18 April, 1914. Passport No217/R/8/35 issued Bln-Neukolln 17.1.1935. Member of DAF.

BALTZER / BALZER, Hermann, alias CORREGIDOR. Comdr. From: U.S. Army. European Command. Intelligence Division, Wartime activities of the German diplomatic and military services during World War II, November 18, 1949: "Freg. Kapitaen d. R. I M/ W KO until middle of 1943 and then with M in Spain". Madrid. Agent classified l-B in OSS records.

BALZIUS. I-M, KO Spanien, Algeciras (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain).

BANDHOLTZ, Heinrich / BAINDHOLTZ Hans. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. SS member. Commercial agent in Tenerife. Address: Camachos Hotel, Sta Cruz de Tenerife.

BANDT, Karla / Carlota. Listed A-1 1, I Priority. Repatriated from Madrid by army airtransport on 23 August 1946. Born 17 June 1921 at Hamburg. Since March 1942 in Spain. In BDM (Bund Deutsche Madel) since 1939.

Secretary of Reichssicherheitshauptamtes RSHA Amt VI B4. Secretary to Paul WINZER. With SINGER in German Embassy, Madrid. Information furnished by the office of Attache D.P. Medalie: German. Reported to be a German agent in posession of a police pass, issued March 2, 1943, valid for travelling through Spanish territory and frontier zone.

From: U.S. Army. European Command. Intelligence Division, Wartime activities of the German diplomatic and military services during World War II, November 18, 1949: "Ardent and fanatic nazi. Still keeps contact with former SD and Nazi officials. Subject released to Hamburg, Auguststr. 3

BARBER ALANDETE, Juan. From Oss records, Washington Office, Special Funds Division Finance, Intelligence: Documents 3401-3450: Salamanca, Spain. On April 16, 1943, reported as one of the owners of Marion. Later is given as technical director on the Board of Directors of Marion. In May 1945 reported as the managing director of Marion. The American Embassy in Madrid reported on May 17, 1945 that SERRANO SUNER, a lawyer for Marion, asked BARBER to choose someone to go to Lisbon in order to obtain some secret Axis funds from the Portuguese Minister of Finance and bring the money back to Spain to him (SERRANO SUNER).

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BARETH, Berthold. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801- 2850:Minerales de Espaha. Employee. Address: Espartero 6, 4o izda., Bilbao. Born Weingarten, 17 December, 1895. Passport No 150/1942 issued Bilbao 23.9.1942. Member of DAF.

BARGAS, Hugo. From Information of OSS, Art Unit, dated 20 August, 1945, Individuals involved in suspicious Art activities, Iberian Peninsula: "Paseo de Colon, 4, Barcelona. Described as a rich Falangist, frequent traveler between France, Spain, Chile and Argentina, and suspected of smuggling paintings and art objects between those countries."

BARNISCH, Erich Alfred. Repatriated from Spain in September 10 1946.

BARTELS, Walter. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo ylasFlechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Counsellor.

BARTHEL, Heinrich. In 1945 he posed as a German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BARTOLEIT, Walter. German agent and Ortsgruppenleiter NSDAP in Barcelona. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Consular secretary.

"LA COLON I A ALEMANA EN BARCELONA CON MOTIVO DEL CINCUENTA Y TRES ANIVERSARIO DEL NACIMIENTO DE ADOLFO HITLER.

La colonia alemana de Barcelona se reunio el pasado domingo en el Coliseum, donde celebro un acto, en el que tomo parte el jefe del Partido Nacional Socialista en Espaha, doctor Hans THOMSEN. La sala del Coliseum aparecla engalanada con banderas alemanas, espaholas e italianas, y en el escenarlo figuraba un busto del Fuhrer, sobre el que destacaba el slmbolo del Aguila alemana con la Cruz gamada, as! como dos grandes signos da la Juventud Hitleriana a ambos lados del mismo. El teatro presentaba brillante aspecto, por la numerosa concurrencia de alemanes residentes en esta ciudad asistentes al acto. Con el doctor THOMSEN, presidieron el acto el consul general de Alemania doctor JAEGER; el jefe local del Partido Nacional Socialista en Barcelona, Walter BARTOLEIT, las jerarqulas locales de dicha organizacidn y nutridas representaciones de F. E. Ty de las J. O. N. S., presididas por los camaradas SANTA MARINA y RIQUER,. y del Fascio italiano" (La Vanguardia, 21 abril, 1942, p. 3 )

BARTH SEGLEN KER, Wilhelm / Guillermo. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Engineer in Jacobo Schneider, S.A., Sevilla. Born 1906 in Segwenningeiz. Address: Calle Montevideo 21, Sevilla.

BARTHEL, Louis Killian. Adviser. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

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BARTHEL, Oswald. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Engineer. Born about 1880 in Chenitz, Germany.

BARTSCH, Alois. In 1945 he posed as a German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BARTUSCH, Wilhelm. In 1945 he posed as a German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BARTZ, Ulrich Hermann. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB 18/11/1911 in Ruhnow-Bahnhof (Pommern). Address in Germany, 1946: Bad Libbspringe, Westfalen (British zone).

BASCHE, Waldemar. In 1945 he posed as a German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BASSEWITZ-BEHR, Georg-Henning Graf von. War criminal. SS-Gruppenfuhrer und Generalleutnant der Waffen-SS und derPolizei. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1 941 ). SS-No: 35 466 (Joined 20.12.1931); A/SDAP-Nr.: 458 315 (Joined 01.02.1931) Born: 21.03.1900 in Liitzow/ Mecklenburg.

20.12.1931 SS-Anwarter 00.00.1932 SS-Mann

06.04.1932 SS-Scharfuhrer

09.03.1933 SS-Truppfuhrer 12.09.1933 SS-Obertruppfuhrer 25.11.1 933 SS-Sturmfuhrer

04.12.1933 SS-Obersturmfuhrer

30.05.1934 SS-Sturmhauptfuhrer

22.06.1934 SS-Sturmbannfuhrer

25.04. 1 935 SS-Obersturmbannfuhrer

01.04.1936 Unteroffizierd. R.

22.04.1936 SS-Standartenfuhrer

29.08.1937 Feldwebeld. R.

11.09.1938 SS-Oberfuhrer

08.05.1940 SS-Hauptsturmfuhrer d. R. der Waffen-SS 01.07.1940 SS-Obersturmbannfuhrer d. R. der Waffen-SS

01.01.1 942 SS-Brigadefuhrer und General major der Polizei

20.04. 1 943 SS-Gruppenfuhrer und Generalleutnant der Polizei

01 .07. 1 944 Generalleutnant der Waffen-SS und der Polizei

01.01.1931 Joined the NSDAP. 00.04.1931 Joined the NSKK.

20.12.1931 Joined the SS.

06.04.1932 - 01 .12.1933 Assigned, after a 17-day training course at the "Reichsschule der Motor-SA", as Fuhrer (m.d.F.b.) of the Motorstaffel in ll.Sturmbann / 22.SS-Standarte (Base: Schwerin).

25.1 1 .1933 - 01 .12.1933 Motorstaffelfuhrer (m.d.W.d.G.b.) of 22.SS-Standarte (with effect from 09.11.1933).

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01.12.1933 - 05.04.1934 Fiihrer (m.d.F.b.) of 15.SS-Motorstandarte (under SS-Abschnitt XV, Hamburg).

00.00.1933-00.00.1933 Ortsbauernfuhrer (Local Farmers' Leader) and member of the Agrarpolitische

Apparat (Farm Policy Apparatus) of the NSDAP in Schwiessel / Mecklenburg.

05.04.1934 - 01.04.1936 Oberabschnitts-Staffelfuhrer (m.d.W.d.G.b.) of SS-Oberabschnitt "Nord" (HQ: Hamburg-Altona). Succeeded Erich von Warzewski.

01.04.1936- 15.08.1936 Oberabschnitt-Staffelfuhrer (m.d.W.d.G.) of SS-Oberabschnitt "Nordwest" (new post created when the old Oberabschnitt Nord was split).

01.04.1935- 15.08.1936 Fiihrer of 4.SS-Motorstandarte (Base: Hamburg).

He was the last commander of this unit which was dissolved when the SS-Motorstandarten were downgraded to SS-Kraftfahrsturme.

08.06.1935 - 20.07.1935 Leave of absence to observe the automotive industry in the United States.

01.04.1936 - 30.04.1936 Army reserve training as Offiziersanwarter assigned to Panzer- Abwehr-

Abteilung 20 / 20.lnfanterie-Division (Base: Schwerin). Member of the "Bund der Kinderreichen" (League of Child Abundant Families) and the Lebensborn Society.

15.08.1936- 25.04.1941 Leiter of Hauptabteilung I /Mot. In the SS-Fuhrungsamt, Berlin and "Inspekteur des SS-Kraftfahrwesens" (Inspector of SS Motorized Units) assigned to the Stab SS-Hauptamt (originally headquartered in Berlin-Charlottenburg but after the outbreak of war, relocated to his estate at Lutzow / Mecklenburg).

01.09.1936 - 26.09.1936 Army reserve training with LKompanie / Panzer-Abwehr-Abteilung 20/

20.lnfanterie-Division (Base: Schwerin).

01.08.1937 - 29.08.1937 Army reserve training with LKompanie / Panzer-Abwehr-Abteilung 20/

20.lnfanterie-Division (mot.)(Base: Hamburg-Fuhlsbuttel).

08.05.1940 - 04.06.1940 Waffen-SS reserve service as Kommandeur of Panzerjager-

Abteilung / 6.SS-

Totenkopf-Standarte.

01.07.1940 Entered active Waffen-SS service.

01.10.1940 - 25.04.1941 Chef of 7.Abteilung / Amt II (Waffeninspektion) in the SS- Fuhrungshauptamt,

with title of "Inspekteur der Kraftfahrwesens der Waffen-SS" (Inspector of Motorized Troops of the Waffen-SS). Succeeded by Viktor Knapp.

01.03.1941 - 00.00.1945 Reichswirtschaftsrichter (Reich Economic Judge. A 5-year appointment).

25.04.1941 - 01.09.1941 Leiter of the Abteilung SS-mot. in the Kommandostab RFSS. 25.04.1941 - 16.02.1943 Assigned to the Stab SS-Fuhrungshauptamt. 01.08.1941 -01.01.1942 Attached to the Stab HohererSS- und Polizeifuhrer "Ostland" (SS- Gruppenfuhrer Hans-Adolf Prutzmann).

01.09.1941 - 01.11.1941 "Landwirtschaftlicher Referent" (Agricultural Advisor) to the Stab

Hoherer SS-und Polizeifuhrer "Ostland" (Riga). He accompanied Hans-Adolf Prutzmann to

Kiev when Prutzmann and Friedrich Jeckeln switched HSSPF posts.

03.11.1941 - 17.11.1941 Attended an instructional course for SS- und Polizeifuhrer with

Hauptamt

Ordnungspolziei.

17.1 1.1941 - 09.1 1.1941 Detached for instruction to the Sicherheitspolizei (along with Hans Haltermann, Carl Graf von Puckler-Burghauss, and Jurgen Stroop).

09.11.1941 -01.08.1942 "SS-und Polizeistandortfuhrer im Generalbezirk Dnjepropetrowsk" (Ukraine).

First holder of this post. Succeeded by Hermann Harm.

09.11.1941 - 01.08.1942 "SS- und Polizei-Standortfuhrer Dnjepropetrowsk." First holder of

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this post.

Succeeded by Hermann Harm.

01.01.1942- 01.04.1943 Assigned to the Stab SS-Hauptamt. 00.05.1942 - 00.07.1942 Two months' home leave.

01.08.1942 - 14.01.1943 "SS- und Polizeifuhrer in Generalbezirk Mogilew" (in Byelorussia). First

holder of this post. Succeeded by Franz Kutschera.

22.1 1.1942 - 30.01.1943 "standigerer Stellvertreter-Hoherer SS- und Polizeifuhrer Russland- Mitte"

(Standing Deputy HSSPF for Central Russia) and "standiger Vertreter des Bevollmachtigten fur Bandenbekampfung" (Standing Deputy to the Plenipotentiary for Anti-Partisan Warfare) (both posts under Erich von dem Bach). Assigned for training in HSSPF duties and to act for Erich von dem Bach when he was absent organizing his anti-partisan command.

12.02.1943 - 8.05.1945 "Hoherer SS- und Polizeifuhrer bei den Reichsstatthaltern und Oberprasidenten in Hamburg, in Oldenburg, in Bremen, in Hannover und in Schleswig- Holstein im Wehrkreis X" (Short title: HSSPF Nordsee. Redesignated on 20.02.1944 as "Hoherer SS- und Polizeifuhrer in den Gauen Hannover, Osthannover, Schlesweig-Holstein, und Weser-Ems in Wehrkreis X"; HQ: Hamburg). Succeeded Rudolf Querner; initially only given temporary (m.d.F.b.) command, 16.02.1943 - 20.04.1943, due to having the rank of Generalmajor der Polizei which was too low to rate full HSSPF status.

16.02.1943 - 08.05.1945 Chef of Amt III (Polizei) in the Staatsverwaltung (State

Administration) of

Hamburg.

16.02.1943- 08.05.1945 Fiihrer of SS-Oberabschnitt "Nordsee" (m.d.F.b. to 20.04.1943, then

permanent). Succeeded Rudolf Querner.

25.07.1943 - 30.07.1943 Placed in charge of damage control efforts by the Technische- Nothilfe,

Allgemeine-SS, Waffen-SS, and Sicherheitspolizei in the wake of "Operation Gomorrah", the joint RAF/USAAF air assault on Hamburg.

13.08.1943 - 00.00. 194_ "Generalkommissar fur das Sicherheitswesen" (General Commissioner for

Security Matters) in Hamburg, appointed by Gauleiter Karl Kaufmann.

24.01.1944 - 29.02.1944 On orders of the Reichsfuhrer-SS, underwent a cure at the SS- Kurheim Hohenvilla in Karlsbad, due to a chronic stomach ailment apparently resulting from the stress of losing both of his sons on the Eastern Front in 1943/44. Dr. jur. Carl Retzlaff deputized for him during his absence.

01.10.1944 - 08.05.1945 "Hoherer Kommandeur der Kriegsgefangenen im Wehrkreis X" (Senior Commander of Prisoners of War in the Hamburg area). 00.04.1945- 00.05.1945 Assigned to the Stab of the "Befehlshaber Fuhrungsstab Nordkuste" (known from 7.04.1945 onward as Oberbefehlshaber Nordwest under Generalfeldmarschall Ernst Busch) as "General der Wehrmachtordnungstruppen" (HQ: Schloss Reinbek).

00.04.1945 Set up a "Werwolf" section in Weser-Ems (under the aegis of the head of the "Werwolf" organization, Hans-Adolf Prutzmann).

Postwar Confinement:

Arrested and released on two occasions by British authorities in Schleswig-Holstein, May 1945. He then lived under a false name as a farm worker on the island of Fehmarn. Arrested by U.S. Army authorities in Bremen, 19.09.1945. Transferred to British custody, he was held at internment camps in Neumunster-Gadeland, Eselheide bei Paderborn (CIC No. 7), Minden, and Fischbek. Appeared as a witness before the British military tribunal at the Hamburg "Curio-Haus" in the trial of Neuengamme concentration camp staff, 09.04.1946. He

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was himself tried by the British Military Tribunal at the Hamburg "Curio-Haus" in the "Fuhlsbuettel Case", 06.08.1947-27.08.1947. Specifically charged with the murder of Russian laborers at Fuhlsbuttel Prison on 14.11.1943; in the death of 10 recaptured French officer POW's (several of whom were shot in Fuhlsbuttel; the others were deported to KL- Mauthausen where they were killed); and the murder at KL-Neuengamme of 71 prisoners from Fuhlsbuttel. He was acquitted on all of these charges. Upon learning that he was to be extradited to the Soviet Union, he took poison and was subsequently hospitalized in Hameln. Turned over to Soviet authorities in Berlin, 16.09.1947. Tried by a Soviet court, he was accused of responsibility for the death of 45,000 people in the area of Dnjepropetrowsk in 1941/42. he was sentenced to 25 years' hard labor. He was held at a Soviet prison camp at Magadan in the Kolyma region of eastern Siberia.

From Yad Vasem.

"Henning Graf von BASSEWITZ-BEHR was a major war criminal and the last Higher SS- and Police-Leader in the Hamburg region. Born to a noble family in the Mecklenburg region of Germany, he joined the Nazi party in the 1920s and was first assigned to the motorized units of the SS.

From 1941, BASSEWITZ-BEHR was assigned to several positions in the German occupied territories of the Soviet Union. In 1942 and 1943, during his assignments as "SS- and Police- Leader" in Dnipropetrovsk and as deputy to the "Higher SS- and Police Leader Central Russia", Erich von dem Bach, he was directly involved in the murder of Thousands of civilians.

From February 1943 until the end of war, BASSEWITZ-BEHR served as Higher SS- and Police-Leader in Hamburg and therefore responsible for all deportations of Jews from that region and the murder of thousands of concentration camp prisoners. After the war, he was extradited to the Soviet Union and imprisoned in a Siberian penal camp, where he died in January 1949."

BASTIAN, Dr. Walter. German agent classified B. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Director of Transocean, Propaganda Nazi agency, Madrid.

BASCHWITZ / HASCHWITZ, Valerie. Repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. 28 August, 1869

BATICON, Joaquin: "Spanish. This man, a ship's steward, was recruited in Buenos Aires to act as espionage courier between Spain and Argentina. He was taken off ship at Trinidad and removed to New York before being brought to Camp 020 for interrogation. BATICON's wide knowledge of German espionage in South America, Cuba and Spain led to action being taken against a large number of German agents in those places" KV 2/21 1 1 BATZHEIM, Gusti. Repatriated from Bilbao.

BAUER, Emil. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850:Minerales de Espaha. Employee. Gran Via 62, Bilbao. Born Koln-Nippes, 12 February, 1889. Passport No 44/38 issued Bilbao 7.7.1938. Member of NSDAP.

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BAUER, Franz. German sailor, Repatriated on Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946., formerly interned at the naval base of El Ferrol. D-1 on Official List. DOB. Vienna, 3 December 1911.

BAUER, Heinrich. See DELFANNE, George Henri.

BAUER, Hugo. In 1945 he posed as a German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BAUER, Rudolf. German jeweler in Barcelona, charged with the sale of large amounts of diamonds used to transfer large fortunes from Germany to Spain. Connected with THEBE, URBANECK, WENDEL, KONNEKE, Consul RUGGEBERG.

From a unidentified OSS report, dated June 26, 1946:

"Subject: Transfer of German fortunes to Spain.

1 . I know that during the war the firm Columbit made such transfers of raw materials and merchandise. The value is said to be over one million Pesets. The merchandise was imported to Spain and was probably sold there by camouflaged "dummies" or "straw-men". The competent section in the consulate in Barcelona knows all the details of the case.

2. I know that large amounts of diamonds and 1 large diamon brooch was offered and sold in Spain by German agents. The articles came from HWK (1st It. KAISER and later THEBE) and reached the hands of the HWK agents URBANECK, WENDEL and KONNEKE through courier mail byway of the German Consulate in Barcelona, (Cons. RUEGGEBERG). It was particularly the German jeweler BAUER, Barcelona, who was charged with the sale. Because URBANECK, WENDEL and KONNEKE were friends of mine, it was claimed that I too was a HWK agent. This is true neither directly nor indirectly. I never sold such articles from the HWK or any other German agency.

3. 1.G. Farben. Bayer, all details known in the USA dept. in Barcelona also about other firms. I know no details.

It is possible that the following could answer this mass of questions:

PANHORST, OBORIL and ZIEGRA, that is, which camouflage firms were founded and

where values might possibly still exist."

BAUER, Stanislaus. In 1945 he posed as a German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BAUER, Theodor. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Mittelstadt, 1 November, 1920.

BAUER, Xaver. In 1945 he posed as a German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

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BAUM, Karl. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. German agent classified B. Businessman. Address: Rambla Cataluna 66, pral., Barcelona.

BAUM, Hellmut. Repatriated on Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946.. German seaman interned at Cartagena. Brought to repatriation center under Police escort. D-2 on Official List. DOB. Bad Braunstedt 27 February 1913.

BAUM, Wendelin. In 1945 he posed as a German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BAUMANN, Horst. Dr. SS N° 126 403. SS-Obersturmfuhrer. SS-Obersturmfuhrer d.R. Waffen-SS -20.04.1943. Counsellor. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). DOB. 05.04.1912

BAUMBACH, Lt. Col. von. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Railway official. Born about 1900.

BAUM LUCAS, Carl / Carlos. German agent classified C. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Address: Rambla Cataluna 66, pral., Barcelona. Agent for German photographic and optical goods. Also wife.

BAUMGARTEN, Kurt. In 1945 he posed as a German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BAUMGARTNER, Adolf. In 1945 he posed as a German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BAUMGARTNER, Ambrosius. In 1945 he posed as a German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BAUMHOLZER, Peter. In 1945 he posed as a German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BAUR, August. Repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Dunkelscherben, 13 March, 1893.

BAUSENHARDT. Consular secretary who left Spain for Germany in spring 1 945. A-1 1 1. Wife Fanny BAUSENHARDT and son Bernhardt Dieter, age 7, repatriated on Highland Monarch.

BAUSENHARDT, Fanny. Repatriated on Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. A-1 011 on Official List. DOB. Harb a/W. 10 September 1913.

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BAYER, Ernst. Agent classified lll-A and IV-B in OSS records. Headmaster of the German School, Tenerife. Leader of Hitlerjunge and treasurer of NSDAP. Address: calle Enrique Wolfson 21, Tenerife.

BAYER, Rene. Condecorated by FRANCO "Caballero de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas con Encomienda" {BOE, 1 1 Septiembre de 1940). Journalist who worked for Gestapo, Gehlen Organization and, after WW2 for BND. Gestapo agent in Spain. GOEBEL's friend.

BEAUMONT, Jean Franck, alias MAGNIER, alias FRANCK. Intelligence agent. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. French. DOB. 22 or 25 in some documents/10/1909 in Domeliers. Address in France, 1946: 10, Square Alboni, Paris XVI. He was a secret service agent at the American Embassy in Madrid. Subject was sent back by the French for collaboration with the Germans during the war. He was a Lieutenant with a French SS Division fighting against Russia. He came back to France and was sentenced to death, but managed to escape to Spain. He was transferred from the U.S. Screening Center to French authorities. It is rumored that subject is at present (1949) working for the French 2 /dme Bureau.

BECK, Gustav. Counsellor of German Government. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

BECK, Jakob. In 1945 he posed as a German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BECK, Pedro. German agent classified C. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Representative of the Deutsche Waffen & Munitionsfabriken A.G., Berlin. Address: calle Sepulveda 90, Barcelona.

BECKER, Anton. In 1945 he posed as a German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BECKER, Erich. Manager of Orenstein & Koppe, S.A., Alameda de Mazarredo 8, 1°, Bilbao. Born Berlin, 13 Aug. 1899. Passport No. 14/38 issued Bilbao 4.10.38. Member of DAF.

BECKER, Gerhard. Dr. Military auditor. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

BECKER WOLF, Juan / Hans. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. . Agent classified B and IV-B in OSS records. Representative of NSV 'm Barcelona. Addresses: calle Francoli 59, Barcelona and General Godad, 5, 3°, Barcelona and Provenza 379-381, Barcelona.

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BECKER, Siegfried, alias JOSE. Vid ARNOLD'S interrogation.

BECKER, Walter / Walther Dr. Botschaftrat. Chief of Economic Department, German Embassy, Madrid. "Not a desirable character". Repatriated by air from Spain between 29 January to 25february 1946. Po. No. 0774. Interrogated July 2 1946. In September/November, 1946 in PW Cage 2, Dachau. British Reports. Commercial Attache.

Had account with Credit Suisse. He gave information about:

1 . Brasil: While he was in Brazil three German ships were sold and one, the Windhuk, was chartered to Lloyd Brazileiro, in Nov. 1941 (further details not checked).

2. The Spanish Arms Treaty and Civil War Debt.

BECKER, Willi. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. Leader NSV, Malaga.

BECKERT, Martin Georg. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 28/4/1907 in Freiberg/ Sachsen. Address in Germany, 1946: Gravemuenderwerg 43, Dessau (Soviet zone).

BECKMANN, Alfred. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

BEEMOELLER Still in Spain in September 1946. Named by MOSIG.

BEERHEIDE. Agent in Spanish Morocco and Melilla. Classified ll-D in OSS records. Engineer employed at the Gas & Electric Co.

BEHN, Max Hermann. Born on 21 March 1907 at Hamburg. Subject worked with the Bureau Plankert (wire tapping unit), German Embassy, Madrid. He was used in monitoring French short wave broadcasts. Member of NSDAP. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 21/3/1907 in Hamburg. Address in Germany, 1946: Willistr. 1, bei Dr. Walter MAGNUS (British zone). Released to Hamburg, Wildstr. 1.

BEHNSEN, Gerhard. Dr. Commander Physician. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1 941 ).

BEHREMS / BEHRENS, Heinrich Fried. Wilh. German agent classified B. Agent classified lll-A in OSS records. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. A-738. DOB. Hannover, 3 February, 1906. Teacher in German School of Orotava, Canary Islands.

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BEIHL, Eugen. German agent classified B. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Ex-Melilla, expelled from Spanish Morocco to Spain, February, 1945.

BEIMBORN, Peter. In 1945 he posed as a German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BEINERT, Dr. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. General secretary of German Institute for Culture, Madrid.

BEINLICH, Gunther / Gunther Max Ernst. Corporal. Worked in PLANKERT's office. On Official List as A-830. Repatriated on Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. DOB. Heinersdorf, 22 November, 1917

BEISEL HAUS, Willy / BEISEL, Wilhelm. German agent classified B. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. German Embassy Press Delegate in North of Spain. Address: Ramon y Cajal 1, 3°, San Sebastian. Head of NSDAP San Sebastian. Propaganda.

BEK, Hugo Otto Peter Lauridsen alias FREDRIC. German agent classified B. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Reported to be secretary on the Danish Consulate at San Sebastian and to be important German agent. Address: Hotel Continental, San Sebastian. Expulsion requested by the Embassy May 26, 1945. Repatriated on Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. On Agent's list, B-31 and III Priority List. Brought to Repatriation Center under police escort. DOB. Aabenraa, 19 june, 1895.

BELDE, Otto. In 1945 he posed as a German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BELOW, Nicolaus von. Oberst. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). DOB. 20 September 1907. Died 24 July 1983. HITLERs Air Force (Luftwaffe) adjutant from 1937 through 1945.

BENESCH, Anni. Repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Martin. A-24. DOB. 20 January, 1920.

BENTHEIM, Juergen Max von. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Army officer. Born 20 December, 1912, Halle, Germany. Attached to German Embassy, Madrid.

BERENDES, Liselotte. Repatriated on Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Daughters: Monica, aged 7, and Jutta, aged 6. E-56 on Official List. DOB, Metz Rausen, 21 March, 1914.

BERG, Karl. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

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BERGE, Gerhard Kurt. Repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Zwoenitz, 21 July, 1903.

BERGER, Liselotte. Repatriated on Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. E-110 on Official List. DOB. Kolbermoor, 26 October, 1920. Daughter: Ingeborg.

BERGERHOFF. Agent classified l-B and ll-B in OSS records. W/T operator. Algeciras.

BERGMANN, Wilhelm. In 1945 he posed as a German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BERGROTH, Heinrich. In 1945 he posed as a German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BERK, Otto. In 1945 he posed as a German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BERKENBUSCH, Antonio. German agent classified C. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Works for several German firms. Address: Antonio Maura 10, Madrid.

BERMBACH, Franz. In 1945 he posed as a German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BERNARD, Brig. Gen. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. SS officer. Attached to German Embassy, Madrid.

BERNECKER, Hans. German Government Counsellor. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

BERNECKER, Ingeborg. Teacher in German School, Cadiz. On Official List A-1040. Repatriated on Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Son: BERNECKER, Pedro, age 2. DOB. Bahrendorf, 12 March 1912. A-1040 on Official List.

BERNER, Joseph. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Killitz, 27 June, 1922.

BERNHARDT, Johannes Eberhard Franz. Lt. Col. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified A and l-B in OSS records. SS officer. In Marine Perch file, "the uncrowned king of Spain", still in Spain in September 1946.

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From Washington Office, Special Funds Division Finance, Intelligence: Documents 3401- 3450:

"Address: Av. del Valle 3, Madrid 3, Madrid. Married with at least three children in 1946. Passports:(1) N° 1621/40; (2) N° 01567/issued Madrid Jan. 30, 1940; (3) N° 2031 issued Madrid Oct. 5, 1943; N° 1936.

Officer of the SS, Gruppenfuehrer or Obersturmfuehrer. Native German. Born January 1, 1897 at Osterode, East Prussia.

At the outbreak of the Spanish Civil in 1 936 BERNHARDT, who was then living in Spanish Morocco, offered his services to FRANCO, a personal fried of his. It was arranged that subject handle the Spanish products for German war material; the holding companies Rowak in Berlin and Hisma in Tetuan were set up for the purpose and became important economic factors on the Nationalist side.

In 1938 Sofindus (Sociedad Financiera e Industrial, Av. del Generalisimo Franco 1, Madrid) replaced the earlier corporation. As managing director of Sofindus since at least 1941, subject collaborated closely both with S/po, SD and the Abwehr. Under his direction Sofindus, in addition to serving as a purchasing agency for wolfram and other strategic commodities, handled foreign exchange transaction for the German Government and the German Intelligence services, provided cover employment for the S/po and SD agents, sometimes paying a part of their salaries, facilitated the granting of Spanish visas to Abwehr agents by promising employment, set up bank deposits, probably in Spanish names, to provide for Abwehr expenses in case of a diplomatic breakbetween Spain and Germany, and assisted the German IS in other ways. Specifically, subject handled the transfer by Sofindus to the German Embassy Ptas. 16.000.000 for the use of KdM Spain in November 1944. Between October 1944 and April 1945, he collaborated with the German Embassy, their Naval Attache and KdM Spain in a number of unsuccessful attempts to ship supplies from Spain to the German garrisons holding out in France. BERNHARDT had many influential connections with high officials of the Spanish Government.

In June 1945, the British reported that BERNHARDT had offered to direct Sofindus in the interest of the United Nations, with an Allied committee as its Board of Directors. He estimated the assets of the company in 1945 at Ptas. 500.000.000

According to MOSIG, BERNHARD evinced great interest in transferring his operations to Argentina in November 1944, at which time he predicted Germany's defeat. Subjects had contacts with Chade, the largest electrical company in Argentina. In early 1946 BERNHARDT was negotiating with a Swiss firm regarding transport of machinery to Argentina via Spain, MOSIG stated.

BERNHARDT, Karl Otto Schellert. From Safehaven report, German agent. His money kept by his wife in Valencia.

BERTHLONER/ BERNLOCHER, Johann. Agent in Spanish Morocco and Melilla. Classified ll-D in OSS records. In charge of workshop and loading at the pier of the Compagnie des Mines du Riff.

BERTON, Karl. In 1945 he posed as a German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

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BERTRAM, Otto. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent l-M, KO Spanien, Canarias (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on /-M Spain). Agent classified l-A, l-B and IV-B in OSS records. Director of Lufthansa. NSDAP chief. Ortsgruppenleiter of the DAF in Las Palmas. Arrived in Las Palmas before 1939. . Decorated by FRANCO with the Encomienda Sencilla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (Decreto 29 julio, 1943). Address: Ciudad Jardin, Las Palmas.

BESCHMULLER. In I and II Priority List. In Spanish lists for repatriation from Bilbao in SS Marine Marlin, September, 1946

BESCHWITZ, Ulrich von. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

BETHE, Hermann. In 1945 he posed as a German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BETHKE. Condecorated by FRANCO "Caballero de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas con Encomienda" (BOE, 11 Septiembre de 1940).

BETTNER, Hedwig. Agent classified l-B and I l-B in OSS records. Photographer. Born about 1915 in Krotoszyua. Former Polish citizen. Address: calle Espalter 15, Madrid.

BEUKE, Paul Karl. Gestapo agent. In 1945 he posed as a German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 3/6/1896 in Braunschweig. Address in Germany, 1946: Pfarrhofstr. 68, Hornburg-Harz (British zone).

BEURSE,Helga. In I and II Priority List. In Spanish lists for repatriation from Bilbao in SS Marine Marlin, September, 1946 (La Vanguardia, 31 Agosto, 1946)

BEUST, Karl. Hauptschriftleiter. NS Propaganda. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

BEYER, Erika. Member of a group of German women who entered Spain on 21 August 1944 on a collective passport. On Official List A-29. Repatriated on Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. DOB. Dresden, 12 November 1915.

BEYER, Ernst. Repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin..

From: U.S. Army. European Command. Intelligence Division, Wartime activities of the German diplomatic and military services during World War II, November 18, 1949: " Born on 22 September 1910 at Freiburg/Breisgau. Subject was consulted by the German Consul in all party questions in which he had an authoritative voice. A dangerous figure. Was sent to the German Embassy in Spain in 1935 from Freiburg by the German government which had

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been reponsible for his emoluments. He was working as Kultur-Referent at the German Embassy, Madrid. Member of the NSDAP since 1938. Kultur-Referent of Ortsgruppe (...). Subject released to Freiburg/Breisgau, Turnseesrt. 10". DOB. Freiburg, 22 February, 1910. A-923 Agents' List.

BEYER, Karl Willy Fritz. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Leipzig, 12 October, 1923.

BEYER SCHWARTZ, Fritz Otto. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Chemnitz, 10 April, 1915.

BEYGANG, Hermann. In 1945 he posed as a German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BEYNING, Horst. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

BIBERACHER, Josef. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp.

BIBRA, Hans Sigismund Giinthervon. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. Former chief of NSDAP in Switzerland. Acting German embassador. Interrogated between February and May 1946. British Reports. He paid towards the end 10.000 pts from Legation funds to Dr. WENDL in Madrid for German employees. He stated that a man named HORN, relative of HESS and known agent of GOERING, collected 2.000.000 pts from Luft Attache CRANMER for buying Spanish machinery and sending it to Sweden. Born 1894. Address: Joaquin Costa 37, Madrid.

From CI Preliminary Interrogation Report (PIR) NO 127. Dated 24 June, 1946 Personal data :

Sigismund BIBRA was bom in Ober-Ems/Taunus on 3 Jan 1894. He attended the Volksschule in Thal/Harz, the Gymnasium in Quedlinburg, and the Oberrealschule in Ballenstadt / Harz from 1906 to 1914. He entered the amy in 1914, was seriously wounded and captured, and while convalescing in Switzerland, he continued his education at the Oberrealschule in Davos, Switzerland from 1917 to 1918. He was returned to Germany through an exchange of PWs. In February 1919 he began his studies at the University of Berlin, at the same time remaining an officer in the Gardeschuetzen Bataillon of the 3rd Garde-Regiment.

He left the army in October 1920 to accept a position as diplomatic courier with the Foreign Office in Berlin. He continued his studies and in 1921 received his degree in political science. In February 1922 he was appointed secretary to StaatsseKretaer Freiherr von MALTZAHN of the Foreign Office and was relieved of his duties as courier to become attache. Shortly thereafter he was transferred to Reichskenzler CUNO as secretary.

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After the collapse of CUNO's Cabinet, BIBRA returned to the Foreign Office and was assigned the task of determining how much German capital had flowed into Switzerland and was later transferred to the Referat for Reparations and Restitutions. Then the Allied Control Comission left Germany, this Referat more or less dissolved and in 1927 BIBRA was transferred to Rio de Janeiro as Legationssekretaer to the German Embassy.

In April 1931 he was transferred to Prag as Legationssekretaer and in 1935 became Gesandtschaftsrat.

In June 1936 he was transferred to the Embassy in Switzerland as Gesandtschaftsrat and in 1940 advanced to Botschsftsrat.

He was transferred to Madrid in 1 943 as Gesandter I Klasse and in April of that year was appointed Stellvertreter des Botschafters.

From 1 Sep 1944 to the end of the war he was Geschaeftstraeger for the German Embassy at Madrid. He was repatriated to Germany in 1946 and interned at Camp 76.

Administrative data :

BIBRA was arrested 6 Feb 46 by CI/MIS Detachment at Camp 76. He arrived at USFET MIS Center on 27 Feb 46 and was accepted at the request of G-2 (CIB) USFET.

Knowledge brief

- Diplomatic activities in Brazil, 1927-1930.

- Diplomatic activities in Czechoslovakia, 1931-1936. -Diplomatic activities in Switzerland, 1936-1943. -Diplomatic and intelligence activities in Spain, 1943-1945.

- Knowledge of SD and Abwehr activities.

Interrogation on 4 March 1946

Q. What is your full name?

A. Hans Sigismund Gunther von BIBRA.

Q. What was your position? A. Minister in Spain.

Q. What were your specific duties as minister?

A. For tne last nine months I was the Charge d'Affairs. There was no ambassador, because on the first of September 1944 the ambassador was called back to Germany, and I was the man directly below the ambassador. If he went back to Germany, I had to take his place. Q. How long had you been Charge d'Affairs? A. The last nine months.

Q. What was your position when the ambassador was in Spain?

A. His first consul.

Q. As such, what were your duties?

A. Everything in the Embassy; to represent the ambassador. Q. Everything went through your hands?

A. Yes. Some things through the ambassador, because he understood much better, for instance, his communications regarding the States. He was the last ambassador in Washington. With this I had nothing to do.

Q. Did you handle any financial matters that came up in the Embassy? A. We had another consul: von HEYDENRYNCH.

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Q. He was your financial expert? A. Yes.

Q. Did all financial matters go through his hands alone?

A. When we had no more relations with Berlin, then I also asked the consul, of the Embassy who was the chief commercial attache. He was also consul of Embassy. I asked him to help Heydenrynch. BECKER was his name. He is now in Asperg. Q. Where is the other man?

A. Still in Spain. You know when we had no more relations with Berlin, it was too difficult for HEYDENRYNCH and for me, because all financial orders were received from Berlin. But after the relations with Berlin were cut, it was too dangerous for me to have only one man, so I took the next oldest consul of Embassy.

Q, After finances .vere handled by HEYDENRYNCH, did they also go through your hands?

In other words, did you have to approve or disapprove all transactions?

A. Bigger things. HEYDENRYNCH and BECKER approved first, then it had to pass the

hands of the chancellor of the Embassy, PILZ. Then the order got to the treasurer,

TUCHOLKA. Therefore, it was absolutely certain that four of the employees of the Embassy

had to see everything pertaining to money matters. Mr. TUCHOLKA is an old man of 60

years and had more than 30 years service. I believe PILZ had 25 or more years service.

BECKER and HEYDENRYNCH and I all had a little more than 15 years service and were

about tne same age.

Q. Where did your money come from?

A. We had gold reserves in the Embassy. But we could spend this gold only on order from Berlin, from the minister of the Foreign Affairs. I don't believe he personally could spend this money. I believe he had to speak with the Ministry of Commerce and the Ministry of finance. Q. This was the gold reserve. What did you use for spending money? A. The money that passed the clearing from Berlin. HEYDENRYNCH knows, I don't know. Maybe also from Switzerland.

Q. You said that all finincial transactions came through these four men? A. Only when we had no more relations with Berlin. Q. Then did they come through you?

A. Yes. Generally, it was that HEYDENRYNCH and BECKER told me, "We have a depression. We have to spend this money." And then I approved. And then it came to PILZ and TUCHOLKA. PILZ approved only. I believe it is the same method as yours. Q. Did any financial transactions take place that you did not know about? A. Small things. HEYDENRYNCH didn't tell me everything. Generally I knew about the big things, because he had difficulties with one of tne chiefs; for instance, the military attache. They received a telegram from Berlin which said the Embassy had to pay them 3 or 4 million, and HEYDENRYNCH did not get the order from his minister. Generally the man who would like to have the money came to me and said he had difficulties with HEYDENRYNCH. Generally, in this way, I heard of all transactions. If a telegram from Berlin came and said I had to pay them, I approved.

Q. Then would you say you had knowledge of all the important financial transactions? A. I think so. I don't believe that HEYDENRYNCH could pay millions. But if there was a telegram from Berlin, I saw a copy of the telegram. I didn't study them because it was on order from Berlin.

Q. Then was the last time you received any money at all?

A. I am sure BECKER could tell you. I don't know, because the Embassy had money with

the chief of the Spanish foreign exchange office-HUETE. I believe there was a lot of money,

but it was the duty of BECKER to speak with these people to give us 20 millions or more. I

don't know at what time we got the last money.

Q. When was the last time you remember receiving any money?

A. There was a big firm, Sofindus, and if there was money, they said, we have to get it.

And. then BECKER or HEYDENRYNCH sent a telegram to Berlin to ask them if this money

was for us or for Sofindus.

Q. Who was Sofindus?

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A. That was the biggest German concern. Q. What did Sofindus do? .

A. Business. They bought, for instance, wolfram. They purchased and sold for the German State.

Q. What did they buy and sell?

A. It was a big business. Blankets— all these things. All German needs. BECKER knows absolutely all these things. That was the biggest commercial thing in Spain. Q. Who ran that?

A. The head was Johannes BERNHARDT.

Q. Where is he now? A. In Spain. Q. Was he German? A. Yes.

Q. Who else was in Sofindus? What other German?

A. There was another director, but he didn't have the same influence. BERNHARDT was the big man. Not WALE. He is in Madrid.

Q. When was the last time you remember getting any money in Spain?' From any source

outside of Spain?

A. I must lie if I were to tell you.

Q. Did you get any m 1944?

A. Yes, I am sure.

Q. Any in 1945?

A. We could have money really only from this big business, from arms. In 1943 we sold lots of arms to the Spanish Government, because in August 1943 nobody had Pesetas. I came to Spain in May, 1943. In August none of the Germans had money in Spain. And then we had long negotiations with the Spanish Government about the prices and all those things, and then we got 212 to 220 million pesatas. Q. When was this?

A. In July, 1943. We did not get the money immediately. It came in installments, and we had difficulties.

Q. When was it finally all paid?

A. 1944. That was 400 million pesatas. With the 220 Million we couldn't pay all the wolfram we needed for the war in Germany. The Spanish government owed us a milliard, 100 million, from the Civil War which HITLER gave to FRANCO. And then the ambassador spoke lots of times to Count JORDANA Minister of the Foreign Office in Spain, because he said, "We gave you arms, but you have to give us wolfram." So the ambassador and the count made an agreement in San Sebastian in August 1943, concerning 100 million marks and they were to pay 420 million pesatas. Now the difficulties to get the money began. To get it, the 220 and the 420. But that is the basis of the German money in Spain. I believe the other things were small. May be in one instance we got from Switzerland a million Swiss francs, I don't know.

Q. When was that money finally all paid by the Spaniards to you?

A. Generally, I believe, the military attache spoke with the minister of war; the Naval attache spoke with his minister. And then we got sometimes 20, sometimes 30 million. Q. By the beginning of 1944 was it all paid? A. No.

Q. By July 1944?

A. The 400, yes. I believe 400 were paid rather quick, I believe before the beginning of 1944. I know BECKER knows exactly. Q. How about the other 200?

A. Also there was 100 that was surely paid in 1943- Maybe more, maybe less., H. When was it all finally paid? By middle of 1944?

A. Maybe. When I was charge d'affairs, maybe there were still discussions about 20 or 30

million. I am not sure.

Q. Most was paid by middle of 1944?

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A. Before.

Q. By beginning of 1944? A. It was not my job.

Q. To the best of your knowledge, by beginning of 1944?

A. I am sure the 420, yes, but the 220 I believe by middle of 1944.

Q. Where did you get the money in Switzerland?

A. From a bank, but I don't know what bank.

Q. Did you ever get money from Switzerland?

A. I heard sometimes if we had no money, there was that possibility. It is sure that until August 1943 nobody .had money, and also in the Embassy we had big difficulties, and all commercial people in turn, every German, were in a difficult situation. Afterwards everybody was swimming.

Q. By end of August 1 943 you. had plenty of money?

A. Yes, and all commercial people too, because they were all paid by this money, for instance, from the big arm business.

Q. First the 420 million that you got early, that was a repayment of a loan to Spain during Civil War?

A. Yes, a little less than half of the money the Spanish Government got during the Civil War in Spain".

Q. How did they receive that money during the Civil War? In goods or cash? A. I don't know. Q. No idea?

A. No. In cash, I believe. I don't know.

Q. Are you sure it was all in money? No goods at all?

A. I believe the goods were always balanced.

Q. You mean the goods exchanged between Spain and Germany were all balanced?

A. I believe the million was a cash loan, because we got back 400 when we didn't balance.

Q. For what purpose was the money that was loaned to Spain, if it was in the form of

money? To buy goods from Germany?

A. No, I believe to help in the war.

Q. That good was that? They couldn't fight with money.

A. I don't know.

Q. Where were you at that time?

A. In Switzerland. This question about the milliard, during the first months I was in Spain, they were never touched. Because everybody said that was a friendship loan from HITLER to FRANCO, and we couldn't touch it.

Q. The repayment by the Spaniards of the 420 million pesatas, was that due to HITLER'S friendship to FRANCO?

A. No. We believed we had such bad business in arms and there were horrible stories. I believe the idea was that HITLER gave the arms to Spain without the question of money. Q. The repayment of the 420 million pesatas, that wasn't for arms. That was a repayment of debt?

A. We didn't get enough money to buy wolfram with the arms. Before I came to Spain, it was a question of Germany giving arms to Spain, but not a question of money. Q. When was Germany giving arms to Spain? A. In summer of 1943. Q. What kind?

A. The best. Every kind— tanks, planes, rifles. K. That kind of arms were sold for the 220?

A. Arms we sent to Spain. And then came a minister, EISENDORR, and other people, a financial minister, a purchase minister, etc., to speak about the price of these arms. Then they asked nearly a milliard. They got 220 after 3 months discussions. The situation was very difficult for us, and then the ambassador personally spoke in San Sebastian several times with the Minister of Foreign Office, JORDANA, to give us the 400. Q. Then they gave you back the 400?

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A. Yes, to balance. We said that we had done business. To help us to buy the wolfram. Most

of this money went to wolfram.

Q. Did you ever get any money from France?

A. No.

Q. Did the German Embassy or any German agencies get any from France? A. In financial service they were absolutely alone. Q. Did the Abwehr draw money from you? A. Yes, several times. Q. How many times?

A. I don't know, but I believe continually. But on order from Berlin.

Q. Do you know of any particular instances?

A. I believe there was a big discussion in May 1945.

Q. Did they get it?

A. No. Maybe to pay their employees six months. Two months before I asked the Spanish Government, what will the Americans and English do when it is finished, and they said it was against the German State and all the property of the German State. Then I said I give everybody six months to live afterwards. Every month I pay all who depend on the German State. Then the Spanish Foreign Office told me and I had the impression that they spoke before with Americans or English. Then I paid 6 months to everyone who got money from the state to give them the possibility in Spain that all can arrange to live without big difficulties. That was in the beginning of May or end of April, 1 945. Q. How much aid that amount to altogether? A. Between 2 and 4 million pesatas. Q. Was it more than 2?

A. It may be, I have no idea. In those days, I had such difficulties. Q. To how many people was that money paid? A. In the Embassy there were nearly 800. Q. Did that include other agencies?

A. Yes. Only people who were attached to the Embassy, though. Approximately 800 people

and IT counsels and staff. And all the schools and teachers of the German schools.

Q. How many schools were there?

A. Big beautiful schools in Madrid and Barcelona.

Q. How many people in those schools were paid by Germans?

A. Nearly all the teachers during the last years. Deutsche Schools. In Sevilla, in Bilbao, San Sebastian, Cadiz, Mallaga.

Q. They had fewer than 30 teachers in those schools? How many in the small schools? A. In Malaga, 5 or 6. Just small schools. Barcelona and Madrid were the biggest. Q. How much money did you get yourself personally at that time? At end of May or beginning of April?

A. I believe more than 200,000 pesatas.

Q. You got that yourself?

A. Yes, but I had to spend lots.

Q. If you got 200,000 yourself and there were over 800 people, the total must have been more?

A. But I was the chief and had to spend a lot.

Q. What was the total amount, do you think, that you paid out?

A. Generally, the Embassy spent every month 7 million pesatas. That is, only the salary. We had ourselves, too.

Q. How could these people live for 6 months on 2 million?

A. Because only 1 to 2 million were salaries. I don't know.

Q. Do they get their regular salary for a 6 month period?

A. Yes, everybody.

Q. The same salary they had before?

A. Wa cut the salaries a good deal.

Q. How much?

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A. The smallest, nothing. The biggest, 15 per cent.

Q. After you paid out these salaries for 6 months, how much money did you have left? A. Then I paid 10 millions to an old German, Dr. WENDEL. Q. For what?

A. I was afraid if I paid to employees for 6 months that the rest of the colony would have

nothing. Mr. WENDEL has 75 years old. He was not in the Party. He was still the doctor for

the British Ambassador, HOARE, and so I was sure that his reputation on your side was

good. I wrote him a letter, and I put a copy in the Treasury records, telling that this money

was to help poor Germans who were in financial difficulties.

Q. When did you write it?

A. I believe the 3 or 4 of May 1 945.

Q. Did you actually give him the money?

A. Yes, I sent it to him.

Q. He received it?

A. Yes.

Q. How did you send it to him?

A. I believe somebody in the Treasury brought it to him. Q. Was it deposited in a bank?

A. So. Directly to him in money, paper money, pesatas. Q. Do you know where he deposited that money?

A. He had it in his home, I believe, and then 3 weeks afterwards he came to see me and asked what about the situation, now since the Spanish Government asked him to come to see me because I had this letter. Then I said the Spanish Government told me they would agree with me to give him these 10 millions. He deposited 9 millions, but I believe your Embassy said, "If you need money, you can ask for it." Q. Where did he deposit it?

A. With the American and British Embassy. He made lists before spending the money and sent the lists to the American Embassy, and if they said it was in order, he paid. If not in order, he would not pay.

Q. After you paid out all this money, the 6 months salary and the 10 million, now much did

you have left in the Embassy?

A. 56 million pesatas.

Q. Did you spend any more of that?

A. So. 56 I passed to the Spanish Government on 8 May.

Q. To whom in the Spanish Government?

A. BECKER contacted Spanish Secretary of State, CASTILLIO. I brought 5 millions to CASTILLIO and BECKER, 51. About this money, until I left Spain 5 weeks ago, there was lots of discussion and difficulties because there was a question of the gold. Then we passed to the Spanish Government a ton of gold, and afterwards the Spanish Government told the British and American Ambassadors they didn't receive any gold. Q. To whom was this gold turned over?

A. To the second chief of the Protocol. I don't know his name. He took over the Embassy. I left a half hour before and HEYDENRYNCH and BECKER gave the Embassy over to the Spanish police and to the man of the Protocol, and the gold was in the Embassy. Q. There was a ton of it? A. Yes, all of it.

Q. Do you know about the firm of Einhardt and Company? A banking firm? A. I heard the name. Very quick business man. Q. Who was EINHARDT?

A. I don't know. I believe I have never seen him. He may know me, but I am sure I don't know him. I heard a lot of him.

Q. What did you hear? What kind of business did he do? A. I heard only that he was unscrupulous. Q. What banking firm acted for the 4 Year Plan in Spain? A. Johannes Bernhardt.

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Q. Einhardt had no connection?

A. Yes, I believe they had connections.

Q What connection did EINHARDT have with the Embassy?

A. I believe not very much. ENGE, second chief of commercial department of Embassy, he

must know. He is in Madrid. He is on list to come. BECKER or ENGE must know exactly.

Q. Do you know of any dealings at all that EINHARDT had with the Embassy?

A. No. I heard the name in the Embassy and I heard "He is not so bad".

Q. The air attache could have had business dealings with EINHARDT?

A. I believe that is so. He had a lot of relations with business people.

Q. Did you have any dealings with EINHARDT? Not personally, but on behalf of the

Embassy or other Germans?

A. No.

Q. Did you ever receive any money from France?

A. I don't believe through the Embassy.

Q. Do you know of the Unilever Corp. in France?

A. I know of Unilever from England and in Germany.

Q. In France?

A. Personally, no.

Q. Do you know how it acted in France? Do you know what Unilever did in France?

A. Perhaps the same thing as in Germany and other countries.

Q. Do you know who was head of Unilever Corp. in France?

A. If you say the name, perhaps.

Q. Do you know of MATZKE?

A. No

Q. He was a very important German.

A. Only once was I in Paris and during the war I didn't see Paris. Q. But you knew the important Germans in Paris?

A. I saw the ambassador once for 5 minutes. I knew the charge d'affairs, and I knew Mister

HEMMEN for 20 years.

Q. Were you in Paris at all during the war?

A. No.

Q. Do you know of the Banco Germanico Americano?

A. Yes.

Q. How did that bank act as far as Germany was concerned? Did they represent the German Government?

A. The Deutsche Bank but not the German Government. Banco TransAtlantico is one, and I don't know the other.

A. What dealings aid the Embassy have with the Banco Aleman Transatlantico?

A. Very good relations.

Q. You had a lot of business with that bank?

A. Yes, I believe all business was done through both banks.

Q. Do you remember the name MATZKE?

A. No. With the Embassy he had no relation.

Q. Did you have any relations with a French Banker, LAGASSE?

A. No. I don't know the name.

Q. When did you go to Spain?

A. In May 1943. At that tiine there were a thousand men in the Embassy. The ambassador and I were at the top without knowing everybody. Politics were very difficult. Q. Did you meet KOCUREK? A. No.

Q. Edwin KOCUREK? .

A. No.

Q. He said he knew you. He had business dealings with you in Spain. He said he went to Spain in the fall of 1943 and had difficulty getting foreign exchange. He went to the Embassy and had negotiations with you, and you assisted him in obtaining foreign exchange.

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A. That is impossible.

Q. Didn't you help other Germans get foreign exchange? He said you made arrangements for him with Banco Germanico.

A. It may be that ENGE or BECKER did, but I don't remember. I have no idea. Q. Do you know the corporations in France named Unico and Seduco? A. No. I never heard those names.

Q. You are sure you had no idea of operations of Unilever Corporation? A. No. I only knew of some illegal business between France and Spain. Q. Did you spend much time in San Sebastian?

A. No, very little, because the ambassador went every year, and I had to stay in Madrid. I

saw him in 1 943 for 3 days, in 1 944 for 2 days. That is all.

Q. Can you tell us of any German property which is in Spain today?

A. There is Sofindus. That is very big. The biggest commercial house in Spain, including

the Spanish. There are people who say, i.e. you say, /. G. Farben is also very big. Of the

others — there is Ernesto KIRCHLE, a very rich man. He was representative of Skoda, but

he had also other interests. STURM, I believe, was arms. Very famous in Germany.

Q. Is he still in Spain today?

A. Yes.

Q. Do you have any property in Spain?

A. I left money from these last 6 months, about 100,000, with my wife.

Q. When did you leave that to her?

A. I left Spain on 29 January 1946.

Q. At that time you gave her about 100,000?

A. Yes.

Q. Do you have any property?

A. No. Furniture, yes.

Q. Do you own a house?

A. No. It was rented, a small flat.

Q. Do you own any real property at all?

A. No.

Q. Any securities?

A. No. Only insurance.

Q. You don't own shares in any corporation?

A. No.

Q. Did you have any you gave to anybody?

A. No, never in my life. I had my property here in Germany.

Q. Did the ambassador or any other people in the Embassy have property in Spain?

A. A lot of people is the Embassy had property in Spain, because we bought in Spain. ENGE

owns houses in Spain. He was second director of a bank in Barcelona.

Q. Do you have any property outside of Germany that is not in Spain?

A. When I gave my declaration, I listed it all. We got an order at end of 1944 to finish all

accounts in Switzerland. So I wrote to the bank to finish the accounts and to send my mother

and old aunts small sums.

Q. Do you have any other property in Switzerland or anywhere else outside of Germany? A. No, nothing.

Q. Do you know of any funds or property of other Germans in places like Switzerland? Of some of the important German leaders?

A. Just a few days ago a British officer asked me. In Spain I heard the name of a man, MIDEL (MIEDL), as an art dealer from Amsterdam and Munich. He arrived in Spain in 1944 with our troops, came to France with lots of very valuable paintings. The Spanish Government put a hand on it immediately — I believe because the Dutch minister asked that of the Spanish Government. He came to see me to ask the Spanish Foreign Office to free them. He said he had relations with GOERING, and I told him I didn't speak with the Spanish Government without an order from my government and wrote a telegram to Berlin that

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MIDEL asked me to speak with them. I never received an answer from Berlin. This man

was furious because his things were not free.

Q. Do you know of any other activities of GOERING?

A. That is all that GOERING had to do in Spain. General KRAMER.

Q. Where is he now?

A. Still in Spain, but he is also on the list.

Q. Was he military attache?

A. Air attache. He was also representative of the Wermacht, military and air attache. Q. Did you know GOERING? A. I saw him twice in my life. Q. When was the last time?

A. Once in evening dress at a big dinner party in Berlin in 1931 when I came back from Brazil. I did not speak to him. And once at a demonstration in Stuttgart, in 1937, I believe. Q. You didn't see him after that? A. No.

Q. Do you know Gen. KRAMER very well?

A. He was GOERING's representative in Spain.

Q. Do you know of any business he had for GOERING?

A. For instance, a man, HORN, I believe, a brother-in-law of HESS, was doing business in Spain, and he said he was conducting business for GOERING. He came with an order from GOERING.

Q. What is his first name?

A. I don't know. He is in Spain.

Q. Is he a naturalized Spaniard?

A. No, German. He is the smartest business man.

Q. What kind of business was he in?

A. I asked that he be sent back to Germany. He bought for 2 million Pesetas tool machines to be sent to Sweden. To buy those machines in Spain and send them to a country which makes just those machines— that was too much for me. I believe KRAMER gave HORN 2 million to buy the machines to sell them in Sweden. Q. Why?

A. I don't know. I don't believe that was real business. A theft! I asked in Berlin to have him sent back, and he left by airplane and one week later he came back. He came to see me and said I was against him. He saw GOERING and said it was better I didn't shoot against him. So what could I do? Q. You said it was a theft. Why?

A. Can you send those machines from Spain where they don't have any and couldn't make them? If you send those machines from Spain to Sweden, an American or Britisher who sees the papers will say it is not possible. Q. Where did KRAMER get the two million Pesetas?

A. An order from Berlin. Maybe from the Embassy. We don't know where from. We heard that KRAMER gave it to HORN. They say he bought these machines. I think he bought some machines for show, but I am sure that that was not right. It is impossible that this business was right.

Q. Did you ever hear of anyone else buying anything for GOERING?

A. I know Mr. HORN from Switzerland. Years ago he came to see me to introduce him to

somebody of Swiss Government to help the old couple, friends of GOERING. I saw him in a

hotel in Spain and asked him what he was doing there. HORN said I was once very cross

with him. He wanted me to help him to exchange marks for Swiss francs for this couple. I

had a bad impression of the business, so I said I would give him the possibility of helping this

couple, but the money he had to arrange himself.

Q. Do you know of anything HORN aid in Spain for GOERING?

A. He was making business day and night.

Q. Have you heard of any transaction in Spain involving shares of the Suez Canal? A. The representative of the British Embassy asked me 6 months ago.

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Q. What was your answer?

A. That was the first time I heard about it.

Q. Where were you then?

A. In Madrid, but I have no idea. I asked BECKER, and I believe that in the Embassy

nobody knows.

Q. Did you ask ENGE?

A. No, because he is so Spanish that he was afraid to see me. He didn't like to see anybody

of the Embassy. He had so many houses, etc., in Spain.

Q. He is on the list to come?

A. Yes, but he is doing all he can to stay there.

Q. You never heard anything of Suez Canal shares?

A. So, only that one time.

Q. If any such transaction had been made for GOERING, would HORN have been involved?

A. Yes, I think so.

Q. Is HORN on the list to come?

A. Yes, but he is doing everything not to come. It is difficult to say if this man just used the name of GOERING or really had such good relations. Q. Didn't you check on him?

A. That is very difficult, because if an Embassy sent a telegram to ask about somebody and

he went back, and the Embassy asks that he stay in Germany —. It is possible that he

bluffed also the people in Berlin. I don't know.

Q. Did you have any dealings with the Bank of Monaco?

A. No.

Q. Do you know of any Germans who had any deposits in the Bank of Monaco?

A. I heard that Monaco is very important. In all the German circles and from the political

attache in the Embassy. I heard from WINZ, but I don't know if he is leaving Spain.

Q. Who else said that Monaco is important?

A. First important in espionage and then in money.

Q. Who said it?

A. People in Barcelona - commercial. I don't know their names. You can't believe what was going on between France and Spain. Everybody was passing the frontier and everybody was buying in France very cheaply. It was a bad situation, but I can't say it was the SS. The people who buy things for the SS, principally in Barcelona, said it. Q. When did you hear them say that?

A. There was a very famous story in Madrid— they killed one of the biggest commercial men.

His name was Russian— SASSINOFF. The owner of nearly all the biggest hotels in south

France. He handled all the business of the SS between France and Spain.

Q. What was the connection between that and Monaco? You said Monaco was important?

A. The police attache told me that he did not know why the Embassy does not pay attention

as to what goes on in Monaco, because it is important for us and for others. Espionage and

financial transactions were going on. I said I had asked one of my counsellors to study the

question, but he said he believed it was not necessary.

Q. Did he find out if there was any German money in Monaco?

A. I don't know. At that time everything was so uncertain. Many difficulties. I had nothing to do with it then — too many difficulties.

Q, Did you hear from anyone else that Monaco was important?

A. No. But that was not the Police attache's own opinion. He said it in May or June 1944. Q. What did you think he meant when he said it was important financially? A. There was business between France and Spain. There were a lot of things going on. I don't know. I had the impression it was not his point of view.

Q. Are you certain that in Spain you never received money from the Unilever Corporation in France?

A. No, I am sure.

Q. The Embassy or any Germans in Spain?

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A. There is a Mr. PAUL or PAULO in Barcelona. Once somebody in the Spanish Government asked me if he was doing business on order of the Embassy. Big business in francs. He said he was doing it on order of the Embassy. If it is not on order of the Embassy, we will put him in prison. So I asked Mr. KLEYENSTUBER if it was on his order. I told Spanish Government that he had nothing to do with Embassy. I believe he was one week in prison and he is now in Barcelona. Everybody knows him. Q. The Abwehr drew its money from you?

A. They had their own money. They asked money from us to pay the 6 months, and afterwards we knew that he put it away. It was put away and people who did it on order of the chiefs went to American Embassy and told them what was going on. Q. How much did they draw from you a month?

A. I don't know if it was for one month or every month. They needed about 5 1/2 million pesatas. Another time I was told they spent a million a month. I never paid attention exactly. Q. What other sources of money did the Abwehr have besides the Embassy? A. The gold.

Q. Where did it come from? A. From Berlin.

Q. Where did the foreign exchange come from?

A. I don't know. When the secretary of state told me officially that 5 or 6 officers are in prison and asked me my opinion about it, I told him, I believe nearly all the money they spent they got from the Embassy.

Q. Did it happen that the figures were as high as 5 or 10 millions? A. Yes.

Q. How often did that happen? A. Surely once for 16 million. Q. When?

A. September or October 1 944.

Q. Did they draw money from you continually every month or just on occasions?

A. Just when we received a telegram. They would get the money and spend it, then another

telegram would come.

Q. How often did you get those telegrams?

A. Occasionally. Once every 3 or 4 months.

Q. How about the smaller sums? Did you receive telegrams for small sums very often? A. Nearly every day we had 5 or 6 telegrams to pay money because we could pay only on order from Berlin.

Q. Do you think that the Abwehr spent all the money it received from you?

A. No, because they asked us for aid and later we heard they had a lot of gold.

Q. What did they do with the money if they didn't spend it?

A. That is the big question.

Q. Who would know?

A. KLEYENSTUBER and FRANZBACH.

Q. What was KLEYENSTUBER's salary?

A. I have no idea. He was chief of the biggest department of the Embassy. I think 20,000 pesatas a month maybe.

Q. How did the SD operate? Did they draw money from you? A. Yes, from the Police attache. Q. How much did they draw? A. Much less.

Q. Did they also get some of their money from Berlin?

A. From the Embassy, but not all of it.

Q. Did it ever go as high as 1 6 or 20 million?

A. No, never. 1 million or 2 million, I think.

Q. The police attache received the money from the Embassy, but they say they did not pay these people? A. Yes.

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Q. Where is this police attache now?

A. In Madrid, HAMMES, assistant. Q. is gone.

Q. When did Q. leave?

A. In September he left Berlin and did not come back. But we don't know. In Madrid they said one of your airplanes intercepted his airplane. Some say he is in British hands and some say he is dead.

Q. ENGE was not asked at all about Suez Canal shares? A. No. It may be that BECKER asked him.

Q. You don't remember Dr. MATZKE? A. No.

Q. Who would know if a man went frequently to San Sebastian? A. The counsel, KOCHT. He is in Madrid. He is not on the list. Q. Do you know a CORDES? A. No.

Q. Where is EINHARDT now?

A. In Spain.

Q. Is he on the list?

A. I don't know.

BICHE / BRIEHL, Rudolf. Repatriated from Bilbao. NSV/ warden. In Tenerife from October 1937 till May 1945 as Studienassessor for the German School, appointed by German Foreign Office. Connected with Anton PAUKNER and Spanish Gerardo GARCIA. Address in Tenerife: Pension Numancia, Rambla General Franco, Sta. Cruz, in Gerardo GARCIA's

house, also in Rambla General Franco, Sta. Cruz and his own house 17, Pi i Margall, Sta. Cruz.

BICKERT, Karl. Agent classified lll-B in OSS records. Professor in German College, Sevilla. Address: Juan Pablo 23, Sevilla.

BIEBERMANN, Kurt. In 1945 he posed as a German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BIEDERMANN, Kurt. In 1945 he posed as a German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BIEDERMANN, Wilhelm Benno J. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 16/11/1910 (1901 in some documents) in Berlin-Friedenau.

BIEGEL, Wenzel. In 1945 he posed as a German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BIEHL / BIEL, Horst, also gives the name of Count Thun BIEL. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. German formerly employed as technician by the Spanish Government. Listed for departure on SS Marine Marlin, scheduled to leave the Port of Bilbao about Agust 31, 1946. Engineer with Messerschmitt firm. Engineer and export manager of Hispano Aviacion, S.A., San Jacinto 102, Triana, Sevilla.

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BIERLING, Leonore. Repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Martin. DOB. Altenburg, 26 August, 1901.

BIERMANN, Rudolf. German agent classified C. Madrid. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Representative of German paper industry in Spain.

BIHUSCH, Johannes. In 1945 he posed as a German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BIRKE, Arthur. Repatriated on Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Arrived Spain 17 October 1944. Chief machinist. Employed by the Scala de Berlin company. With his wife Elsa. DOB Strahlen, 30 September, 1993. E-121 on Official List.

BIRKE, Lothar. Dr. Commander Physician. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

BIRKENBIHL, Johann Maria. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 16/8/1903 in Camberg, Hessen-Nassau. Address in Germany, 1946: Strakgasse 9, Camberg, Hessen-Nassau.

BIRKENBUSCH, Max. In 1945 he posed as a German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BISSBORT, Jakob. In 1945 he posed as a German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BITTNER, Margarete. Repatriated on Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946.. Entered Spain at Irun on 21 August 1944 on a collective passport with a group of German women. German Red Cross Army nurse. E-59 on Official List. DOB. Weipert, 13 January, 1912.

BITZER, Karl. In 1945 he posed as a German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BLANK FAUTH, Adolfo /Adolf. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. General Martinez Campos 19, Madrid. Manager for Einhardt S. en C. Born November 4, 1900 in Munich. Member of NSDAP. Wife, Anneliese BLANK, is on list of officials.

BLASEL / BLASSL, Johann. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Maria/Kulm, 3 April, 1910.

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BLASCHKE / BLASKE, Richard Arthur. Repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Prien, 5 March, 1901.

BLASS. I-M, KO Spanien, Ceuta (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on /-M Spain).

BLATZHEIM, Gusti. A-37. Mistress of Bruno KRAMER and one of the Blitzmaedel.

Repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. A-37. DOB. Koln-Brannsfeld, 27 January, 1915.

BLAUM, Wolgang Hans Friedrich. alias BAUMANN, Friedrich. From CI Final Interrogation Report (CI-FIR 77), January 21, 1946:

"Member of Referat II KO Spanien from 1940 until March 1945.

Born 6 June 1911 in Emden. German. Occupation declared:Businessmann. Religion: Non sectarian. Description: 1'72 cm height; 150 lb. weight; medium build; oval face; brown hair; grey eyes. No physical peculiarities or distinguishing features.

Family: Father: Rudolf BLAUM, Haendelstrasse 3, Bremen. Mother: Marie-Louise BLAUM, nee HAYMEL, Haendelstrasse 3, Bremen. Brothers: Dr. Rudolf BLAUM (30) and Dr. Ing. Eddo BLAUM (36). Rudolf BLAUM has file as chief of Referat II KO Portugal. Sisters: Marian KLEINSCHMIDT, nee BLAUM (25). Wife: Grete-Louise BLAUM, nee NEUMANN,

Delbrueckstrasse 11a, Bremen. Children (2): Bernd-Wolfgang (3) and Birgit (5). Identity documents: German passport and Soldbuch.

Last permanent address: Delbrueckstrasse 11a, Bremen. Languages spoken: English and Spanish.

Prisoner arrested 14 August 1945 in Bremen by C/C. Accepted on request of G-2 (CIB) UFSET. Date of arrival: 29 September 1945. Results on name check against Personality Card Index: Cf CPI Pink Cards 44948, 205637. Interrogation: Verbal briefs by Chief CIB, G-2 Div, UFSET. Name and unit of interrogator: T/Sgt. M. STERN, UFSET MIS Center.

Evaluation of prisoner's reliability: "BLAUM has an excellent memory. The information he has given has been checked with known data and found to be fully reliable. The nature of his insurrection and sabotage activities has been corroborated by Hermann AMENDE, Paul FUCHS and Wilhelm OBERBEIL, interrogated at USFET MIS Center." Departed 14 Dec 1945 for Camp 95, Ziegehheim.

Interrogation results :

a. Introduction

Although not the ranking man of Referat II KO Spanien, BLAUM is considered to be the best informed person on matters of sabotage and insurrection in the Iberian Peninsula. See report on Referat II KO Spanien published by USFET MIS Center, CIR No 12 dtd 12 Jan 1946.

b. G/S Career

Wolfgang BLAUM was born in Emden 6 Jun 11. After graduation from high school in 1929 he became an employee of the North German Lloyd. He was sent by that concern to Cristobal (Panama) in 1934.

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In 1 937 he joined the NSDAP in Panama. He was on his honeymoon in Germany when the war broke out, and he enlisted in 1940.

Feb. 1940 Joined Brandenburg Bn for intelligence training.

Mar. 1940 Assigned to Referat II, KO Spanien, in Madrid, as deputy to KRUEGER, and remained there until 1945 as technical adviser and right-hand man of later Referat II chiefs.

Feb. 1945 Returned to Germany by air.

Apr. 1945 Assigned to FAT 259 in Italy,

Sonderfuehrer (Z), Referat II KO Spanien. He went to Spain in March 1 940, sent there on orders of the J section. Upon his arrival in Madrid, BLAUM reported to Freg. Kptn. LENZ, CO of KP Spain. BLAUM was told that his first mission was to make contacts of possible future value. Permission for BLAUM to remain in Spain was obtained by the German Embassy, where he was registered as an employee. Later the entire staff of Referat II was incorporated into the Embassy as a section of KO Spain, Thus LENZ became BLAUM's superior. Although matters of // interest were settled with Abwehr II in Berlin, LENZ still influenced II operations, since all general policies had to be approved by him.

In February 1945, BLAUM was also recalled, and Referat IPs remaining activities were entrusted to Werner SCHULZ, an inexperienced man from Berlin.

He gave training in sabotage techniques to Spanish agents working for nazis: Francisco BORJABAD, Ricardo GUSAETA, Emilio DIAZ.

BLECMANN, Karl. In 1945 he posed as a German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BLERSCH, Wilhelm Friedrich. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 24/3/1916 in Bieberach a. d. Riss Wuert. Address in Germany, 1946: Hirschbergstr. 14, Bieberach a. d. Riss Wuert (French zone).

BLEY, Walter. In 1945 he posed as a German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BLIENZ, Carlos. German agent classified B. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain, c/o Acumuladores Nife S.A., calle de la Paz 6, Madrid.

BLIZ, Carlos. In I and II Priority List. In Spanish lists for repatriation from Bilbao in SS Marine Marlin, September, 1946 (La Vanguardia, 31 Agosto, 1946)

BLOCH, Otto. German Government Counsellor. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

95

BLOCHER, Maria. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Montana S.A. Left Bilbao for Madrid in 1940. Born Birsfelden 31 May 1910. Passport No. 84 issued Schamberg/Schz. 18.5.1937.

BLOCHING, Eduard. In 1945 he posed as a German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BLOEDORN, Otto. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Technician for Kaufi Tugesteller, San Pablo Airfield, Sevilla. Born October 9, 1919.

BLOME, Emil Willy. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Ibiza 20, Madrid. Born November 12, 1893 at Hamburg. German wife and daughter. Employee of Baquera, Kusche y Martin and associate of Lothar MAUS (diamond smuggler). Made large war profits. Recommended for priority repatriation.

BLUM, August. In 1945 he posed as a German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BLUM / BLUME nee SPINDLER, Gisela. Repatriated on Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. CANARIS' secretary in the Military Secret Service in Madrid, marrying BLUM of the German U Boat Service in May 1945. Concealed information about Minas Reunidas S. A. and Baron von MASSENBACH and other issues of Intelligence nature. Was Secretary to Minas Reunidas S. A Madrid, and one report stated that the Commercial Manager, Baron von MASSENBACH and Fraulein BLUME, were the real directors of the company. Minas Reunidas was formed in 1943. The capital amounted to Ptas.4,000,000 of which Ptas. 2,000,000 were paid up. The participants were Gesellschafft fur Elektrometallurgie Dr. Heine GEHM (40%), Krupp (20%) I.G.Farben (20%) and Hermann O. STARCH (20%). The participations were held through Gemeinschaft des Legierungs Erzberghaus, a holding company.

Address in Germany, 1946: Oberstrasse 116 b/Sieveking Hamburg. Released in May 1946. DOB. Berlin, 31 January 1923. A-499 Official List and III Priority List. A further report stated BLUME, under the name of SPINDLER, with the Military Secret Service.

BOBER. Agent classified I ll-A in OSS records. Lecturer at German Cultural Institute, Madrid.

BOBRAN, Oskar. Member NSDAP working for Banco Aleman Trasatlantico.

BOCK / BOECK. German consul in Barcelona 1940.

BOCKHOLDT, Franz Karl Ludwig. German formerly employed as technician by the Spanish Government. Listed for departure on SS Marine Marlin, scheduled to leave the Port of Bilbao about Agust 31, 1946 but already repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Sabel, 30 June, 1909.

96

BODDEIN / BODDIEN, Joachim Heino von. Abwehr agent acting as a cover address in Barcelona from at least early 1942 German agent classified B. Interrogated between February and May 1946. British Reports. In 1922 went to Spanish Guinea for Hamburg firm C. Woermann. This firm had still an account with the Banco Aleman Trasatlantico, Barcelona in 1946. BODDEIN had a coffee plantation in Spanish Guinea with Baroness HAMMERSTEIN CINTI. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Repatriated from Spain by air (dates from January 29 to February 25, 1946). Po. No. 0778. Mentioned as interned in Camp 76, Asperg on March 27, 1946. Owner of coffee plantation firm in Spanish Guinea and representative of import-export firm C. Wormann, Hamburg, in Spain. Address: calle Madrazo 51, Pral. 1°, Barcelona.

BODE, Friedrich. In 1945 he posed as a German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BODEMER KIESS, Adolf / Adolfo. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Nueva del Este 49, Madrid. Born September 13, 1894 at Pforzheim. Two children in 1946 born in Spain of whom one was missing as a German soldier. Chief of sales department at Siemens and collected funds for NSDAP at firm.

BODEMUELLER / BEDEMULLER, Leonhard / BODEMULLER, Leonhard. In I and II

Priority List. German agent classified A. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Gestapo agent. German Embassy, Madrid. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1 941 ).

BODEN, Roberto. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Address: Calle Lincoln 52, Barcelona.

BOEGER / BOGER, Karl. Repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin, deportees categories A, B September 1946. DOB. Hess-Oldendorf 23 April, 1915. A-44 and III Priority List. . First priority to be interrogated.

BOEHM / BOHM LOCHBAUM, Willy. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Paseo de Urcusua 21, Eibar and M a Angela 5, San Sebastian. Connected with Trust Eibarres. Subject was agent for obtaining firearms from Spanish companies for Germany. Trustee of German School.

BOES, Arnold. Agent classified l-B and I l-B in OSS records. Engineer. Representative of Junkers firm. Born in Ultzen, Germany. Address: Calle Peligros 2, Madrid and Plaza Manuel Becerra 15, Madrid.

BOETTGER / BOETGER, Herbert. German agent classified A. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Ex-German consulate Tetuan. Interned at Caldas de Malavella, September, 1944.

From Otto WIEDEMANN'S CI interrogation: Uffz Asst to Obst RUDOLF, Abw Nest Tetuan, 1943-1 945 last seen in BERLIN 1.80m .slender blond hair, bue eyes

97

Career: Originally with KIA (Kontrollinspektion Afrika) in Casablanca. Speaks French & Spanish

BOHLINGER, Berthold. In 1945 he posed as a German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BOHM / BOEHM, Hans Johann. Repatriated on Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Member of Airforce Communication Corps working under orders of Kurt van VEERSEN. E-122 on Official List. DOB. Weiden 12 April, 1920

BOHM, Karl. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Setzdorf, 23 March, 1916.

BOHME / BOEHME, Franz. From Oss records, Washington Office, Special Funds Division Finance, Intelligence: Documents 20511-2100: Treasurer of the NSDAP, Vigo. In Rubira, Boehme y Cia., Vigo. Pharmaceutical products. His business has collaborated closely with Sofindus.

BOHNY, Hermann. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Naval officer. Formerly in Brazil. Korv/ Kpt (?) In l-M KO Spanien

BOKELBERG, Arndt. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

BOLCK, Ernst. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Counsellor.

BOLDT, Herbert. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Counsellor.

BOLHOFF / BOEHLOFF, Guenther. German formerly employed as technician by the Spanish Government. Listed for departure on SS Marine Marlin, scheduled to leave the Port of Bilbao about Agust 31, 1946. A-42 and IV Priority List.

BOLTE, Gerhard Gustav. Repatriated on Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Wireless operator in German Embassy. On Official List, A-46. DOB. Rotenburg, 12 August, 1912.

BOLTERSDORF, Capt. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Officer of Lufthansa. Barcelona.

BONESCH, Anna. Repatriated from Bilbao.

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BOOGEN SANDERS, Joseph / Jose. German agent classified B. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Address: General Concha 12, Bilbao. Well known business man. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Manager of Maquinaria Industrial. Gral. Concha 12, 5°, Bilbao. Born Dinslaken, 13 Oct. 1906. Passport No. 146/39 issued Bilbao 1.8.39. Member of NSDAP and DAF.

BOOS y BRAUN, Roberto. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Technician with William LUMB's cork concern. Barcelona.

BORCHARDT, Franz. In 1945 he posed as a German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BORCHARDT, Hans Gunther / Gunther. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

BORJABAD, Francisco. Recruiting agent for Spanish men who worked in sabotage operations for the Abwehr.

BORCHERS, Johann Dietrich. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 29/4/1903 in Bremen. In Spanish list. Employee of the navigation expert for Spain at Madrid. This office received from the Reich Commisioner for navigation at Berlin through Sofindus monthly payments for monthly expenses. From May 1944 to May 1945. Address in Germany, 1946: Schoenauerstrasse 19, Bremen-Horn (American zone).

BORMAN / BORMANN / BORNMANN, Kurt. German agent classified B. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Insurance agent. Adress: Perines 30, Santander. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Born at Sondershausen on 2 May 1905. Member of NSDAP and DAF. (Played a prominent part in German I.S matters in this area).

BORNER / BOERNER, Achatius. Dr. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Consular secretary at German Embassy in Montevideo.

BORMASS BALLIN, Edgar. Repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Wiesbaden, 6 February, 1895.

BORTZ, Wilhelm. In 1945 he posed as a German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BOSOLD, Richard. In 1945 he posed as a German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

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BOSSER, Michael. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BOTH, Paul. Customs official. Neukoln. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

BOTTCHER, Hans. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BOUSSEMAERE, Miguel Benedicto Emilio. "Nacio el 01 de julio de 1907 en Hollebeke (Belgica) y llego a la Argentina el 19 de febrero de 1948 en el vapor "Entre Rios", procedente de Bilbao. Presento pasaporte y certificado de identidad espanol N° 5/47 expedido en San Sebastian (Espana) el 29 de diciembre de 1947. Fundador de la asociacion cultural y social Vlaanderen in Argentiniee (VIA)." {Informe Final CEANA, Comisidn para el Esclarecimiento de las Actividades del Nazismo en la Republica Argentina)

BRACKER, Ernesto Heinrich. German agent classified C. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Address: Rambla de Cataluna 66, Barcelona. Represents German firms dealing in motor car accessories, including Bracker & Son, Hamburg.

BRACUM, Karl. Interrogated between February and May 1946. British Reports. From 1932 to 1937 worked for the Austrian firm W. Koreska in Barcelona.

BRACUN, Karl Alois. Repatriated from Spain by air (dates from January 29 to February 25, 1946). Po. No. 0779. Mentioned as interned in Camp 76, Asperg on March 27, 1946. Agent l-M, KO Spanien, Barcelona (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on /-M Spain).

BRADE, Friedrich. German formerly employed as technician by the Spanish Government.Listed for departure on SS Marine Marlin, scheduled to leave the Port of Bilbao about Agust 31, 1946. Entered Spain April 30, 1943. DOB. Weener, 1 December, 1903.

BRAMBER, Max. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BRAND, Karl Heinz

BRAND, Rolf. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Ed. Scherl.

BRANDAU, Karl H. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Attached to German Consulate, Las Palmas, Canary Islands. Address: Hotel Atlantic Annex, Las Palmas.

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BRANDEL, Hermann, alias BRAND, Harry (Also known as OTTO, Otto BRANDEL, BRAND, Harry, or Hans BRANDT). Information about Organisation "Otto" (Hermann BRANDEL) from DELFANNE's interrogation:

In 1940 BRANDEL was in Brussels directing an espionage network in Belgium and France. DELFANNE was one of his agents. On 10 May when the German Embassy in Brussels was closed, BRANDEL was arrested with others members of the Diplomatic Corps and transferred to Lille in France. A few days later he was freed by the advance of the German Tanks. He followed the entry of the troops into Paris and organized his group.

In Paris, he located the agents of the French Deuxieme Bureau and set up a counter- espionage and espionage network in the unoccupied zone of France. In this task he re- employed many of his former agents. DELFANNE rejoined BRANDEL in January 1 941. They lived in the same private hotel, 23 Square du Bois de Boulogne, Paris XV.

During 1941 and 1942 OTTO continued his counter-espionage and espionage work in France and Marocco and intensified the radios networks. Towards June 1941, OTTO received large sums of money from Roges Company for the purchase of large quantities of raw materials: leather, textiles, wool, cotton, skins, metals, wines and alcohols intended for Germany. This commercial activity was brought to him by Robert POESCHEL, retired Major, agent for the Abwehr and industrial!. In a short while, purchases increased considerably and OTTO organized his work to fit his double activity. Henceforward, he worked under the feldpost N° 21476/0 (Abwehr) 20803 {Majestic), 03069 DT, purchasing organization Offo. Large warehouses were rented or requisitioned at the quays of the St. Ouen Station (Paris), from whence goods trains left every day.

At the end of 1942 the premises n° 19,21,23,25 and 27 were no longer sufficient and Offo removed to n° 6, rue Adolphe Yvon, Paris XVI. At the same time BRANDEL was officially made responsible by Berlin for all the purchases for the 4 Jahresplan. The organisation underwent a tremendous expansion and soon all the buildings of the quays of St. Ouen Station were allocated for warehousing.

When the accounts were closed on 15 April 1944, the Otto organization had made purchases to the value of 450.000.000.000 French francs.. Throughout the whole of this period Otto BRANDEL was the leading figure, assled by his secretary Mile. Mary and his associate Robert POESCHEL.

The principal collaborators were:

Capt. Wilhelm RADECKE (Abwehr)

Dr. von NEUBERG

Dr. Alfred FUCHS

Hans Wolfgang von GODAMER.

The principal purchasing agents were:

DUBOIS (WIROTH) (Luxemburger)

Rudolf von MERADE / MERODE (Alsacian)

Madame DUBAIL (Alsacian)

SABATIER (French)

Max STOCKLING (SOUVIRON) (Swiss)

D'HUMIERES (VAN HOUTEN) (Dutch)

George DELFANNE (MASUY, BAUER) (Belgian)

PAT (Luxemburger)

Roger THEREUIN (French)

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RENAUT

Joseph JOHANOVITCH (Polish)

TARDIEU (French)

DUSSAP (French)

TEMMLER (German)

Von GOLDAMER (German)

As far as his espionage work was concerned OTTO was directly under Col. RUDOLF and the latter directly under Admiral CANARIS, until July 1944 when the attempt was made against Hitler's life.

From Interrogation Report on Flight X Repatriates: The fortune of Hermann BRANDEL , alias OTTO (declaration of J. DELFANNE):

"OTTO received a commission of 1% on the value of purchases made. I saw personally the closed account of 15 April 1944 with the figure 450.000.000 francs. In 1942 he bought a lot of diamonds and gold dollars. In 1943 he bought international securities including Royal Dutch and Standard Oil. In July, August 1943 he bought a considerable lot of diamonds of 6 to 12 carats. At the end of 1943 he bought Swiss Francs, Sterling and Dollars (Bills). Part of these were sold to him direct by the Director of the Bank of France, Monsieur ADAUT. OTTO owns property in:

Belgium: Avenue Brunod-Uccle, Brussels value 5.000.000 Bel. Francs. France: A large state near Dijon comprising a Chateau and its lands. Switzerland: Considerable Bank account.

Spain: Deposited with Antonio VARGAS MACHUCA, 1.500.000.000 French francs in securities, money, diamonds and gold.

Germany: The Bayerische Bank in Munich held a considerable account for OTTO. On 12 August 1944 at the time of my last interview, OTTO told me that this Bank would always be able to give his address."

BRANDES, Hans Joachim Friedrich. Born in Berlin 2 May 1921 .Repatriated from Portugal via Spain by air (dates from January 29 to February 25, 1946). Po. No. 0569. Repatriated from Spain on the Highland Monarch. In 1946 he claimed Jewish father. Interrogated before 6 March1946 by by G-2 UFSER and on the 8 July, 1946 by Finance Division (not in London II, but well known to British (MI5 and MI5) for his connections with Jeb Jensen). Interrogated again in April 1947 by OMGUS, Finance Division. Released from Camp Asperg on 3 September 1946 and employed again by the Geisenheim branch of the firm Fritz Werner A.G., Berlin-Marienfelde. Address after release: Wiesbaden, Ahornweg, 1, tfn. 28648.

At the beginning of 1942, he went from Switzerland to Lisbon as representative of a business opened by Clara BRANDES, nee WERNER, his mother, the company being Fritz Werner, A.G., Machine Tool Manufacturers, Berlin-Marienfelde. He acted similarly at Zurich from 1937 to 1942.

Leon PAULET of Marseilles, formed a company with BRANDES' father and a Monsieur BARBOUT of Paris. The father had a third interest in the Paris company with PAULET and BARBOUT. After the collapse, BRANDES alleged that his father was Jewish and in a concentration camp for seven years(no proof of that statement was presented) .He said that, after leaving the concentration camp, his father opened a machine tool business in Paris where he was murdered by the Gestapo, which has employed his maid to put poison in his father's cigar.

Hans BRANDES set up building a weapon factory for the Portuguese Government, importing machines from Fritz Werner, A.G for 2.000.000 RM. Funds to the extend of RM

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500.000 were paid by Portuguese Government to German- Portuguese Clearing, but no machines were ever delivered.

In Portugal there was a representative named Baron von KNIEGGE, of (a) A.G.K. {Ausfuhr Gemeinschaft fiir Kriegscerate) and (b) Rheinmetall Borsig. According to Brandes, KNIEGGE, by abuse of his official position in A.G.K., prompted the Portuguese Ministry of War to pay WERNER in the interest of the company which he represented, i.e., Rheinmetall Borsig.

It is stated that von KNIEGGE is now working for the Americans in Portugal to avoid being brought back to Germany, but he has property hidden in Portuguese names to a very considerable extent, and knows all about clandestine trading in Wolfram, etc. His Portuguese "tame men" include CHAVES of the Ministry of War.

Brandes was connected and suposed to have information about to following issues:

1 . In 1 944, Germany engaged itself to supply Argentine with machines which necessitated blockade breaking sea-transport facilities, which von KNIEGGE was briefed by Berlin to negotiate in Lidsbon, for which he received RM 1.000.000 by direct courier from Berlin. The enterprise was abortive, but where the money go was unknown.

2. Sofindus controlled all transport Portugal-France, for which LOHSE was responsible, with BAESELER (Bayonne) and LESSER (Lisbon) as underlings. Smuggling was achieved by abuse of terms of Law 40, whereby Spain agreed with Allies to prevent transit of War supplies, e.g., Wolfram, to German controlled territory. War supplies were false labelled, e.g., Wolfram was described as Fish Oil by collusion with the Spanish Customs officials. According to Brandes, LESSER was still in Portugal and BAESELER in Spain in 1946.

3. Continental Caucho shares, sold through the offices of a Spanish lawyer, by the aid of a German named FIEDLER, acting for a group. BRANDES knew about this operation through a WERNER'S representative in Madrid called Hinderer&Co.

The 100.000 he received from Gottfried PAUL (see PAUL'S interrogation) was mostly spent by the time he was interned. The remaining 35.000 Escudos, together with all his private property he left with the Land-Lady of the Chalet de Largo, Monte Estoril.

Eliah Meyer, Ludwig Losbichler: marchante de arte y agente de la gestapo (2) pp. 16 y 21 :

"En 1949, un traficante y agente del Abwehr, Hans Brandes identifica a OBORIL como maton de Gottfried PAUL-TABOSCHAT, otro agente del Abwehr, traficante y encargado de blanquear dinero nazi."

Hans Brandes, como Gottfried PAUL, es un caso tipico de criminal profesional que desarrolla su carrera en los servicios secretos. La informacion britanica sobre este individuo fue ocultada a la OMGUS porsu relacion con la muerte de Hans JEBSEN, "ARTIST", oficial del Abwehr y doble agente del MI5 controlado por Dusto POPOV, "TRICYCLE".

Segun el relato "oficial", BRANDES engano a JEBSEN y se hizo pasar por proaliado, pero lo denuncio a la Gestapo. La Gestapo lo secuestro y murio ejecutado en Flossenburg en 1944. Esta version necesita una urgente revision: se confunden al buen tuntun la Gestapo con la Abwhery se afirma con rotundidad la suerte de JEBSEN, de la que no existe documento ni indicio alguno de su ejecucion. JEBSEN, como TRICYCLE, eran agentes con exceso de iniciativa, curiosidad y arrogancia, que pudieron suponer un peligro para la Operacion Garbo y es logico que Tomas HARRIS o el XX Committee estuvieran preocupados, pero creo que la suposicion de que pensaron en algun momento en

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asesinarlo es una interpretacion erronea del termino liquidate ( o el mas coloquial bump off) usado por LIDDELL para indicar que se cerraba una operacion o el trabajo con un agente. Los responsables de servicios secretos no van dejando "en scripto yaz esto" sus asesinatos. Kim PHILBY no se dejo enganar por las patranas de Hans BRANDES, a quien considero un gangster peligroso pero de poca monta. (Vid. Ben Macintyre, Double Cross: The True Story of The D-Day Spies, p. 248)

BRANDES, Heinrich Wilhelm August. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 31/10/1911 in Saltzwedel. Address in Germany, 1946: Steilshoperstr. 107 (British zone).

BRANDT, Ernest August. German agent classified C. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Address: Jose Antonio 45, Madrid and Padilla 31 , Madrid. Representative of several German firms.

BRANDT, Liselotte. From Obst/Lt Friedrich DERNBACH's CI Intermediate Interrogation Report (CI-IIR) No 57, dated 1 1 December, 1946:

Clerk in administrative section lll-FAst Lyon.

Career:. Formerly with KO Spain. February 1943 assigned by Ast Paris to/AsfLyon:, and continued Abw Leit Trupp 351 and TAX 313.

BRAUN, Adolf. Dr. German agent classified B. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. First consular secretary. German consulate, Tetuan. GIS agent. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

BRAUN, Alfred Heinrich. Repatriated from Spain in September 10 1946.

BRAUNE. In Marine Perch file

BRAUNE, Gunther / Gunther. Col. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Diplomat. Assistant Military Attache at the German Embassy, Madrid. Address: Menendez Pelayo 1, Madrid.

BRAUNS, Ernst. German Government Counsellor. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

BRECHT, Werner. German agent classified B. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Ex-consular employee at Tetuan. Expelled to Spain 7 September, 1944.

BREDERICK, Paul Rudolf. From OSS Secret IntelligenceSpecial Funds Record 9409: Intelligence agent in Spanish Morocco, Ceuta. Classified I l-B in OSS records. Engineer. Born July 18, 1910.

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BREHM, Georg. Repatriated on Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946.. German School, Barcelona. On Official List, A-575 / A-595 in other documents. Wife: Cunigunda / Kunigunda Teresa, sons: Water and Max, daughter: Edith. DOB. Bamberg, 21 November, 1911.

BREMER / BREHMER, Gerhard / Gerard. NSDAP Alicante

BREITKREUZ, Erich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BRENDEL, Dr. Rene Bertrand. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified A in British records and l-B and ll-B in OSS records. Engineer. Specialist in electricity and internal combustion engines. Attached to German Embassy, Madrid.

BRENDELL, Alexander. German agent classified l-A and ll-A in OSS records. In charge of optical department of Ferrol ship-yards. Claimed to be technician of Zeiss Co. Believed to be Rear-admiral of German Navy. Born about 1898.

BRENDLE, Juan. German agent classified B. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Importer of chemical products from German firmas. Address: Calabria 31, Barcelona.

BRENNER KOENIG, Anton. Auditor in Sofindus. Member of NSDAP. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Still in Spain in July 1946. Related to Oskar MAINZ of Mining Companies, PoW in Germany 1946. Address in Spain: Alfonso XII, 48, Madrid. Born March oe26, 1908 at Freiburg. Married with several children in 1946.

BRENNER, Ludwig. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BREUER Konrad. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BREUER, Ricardo. Agent classified I ll-A in OSS records. Professor and scientist. Instituto Nacional de Ensenanza Media, Burgos.

BREUNINGER, Felix. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

Erika BREY, German passport 1605, diplomat, arrived at Barcelona via Lufthansa November 27, 1944. On expulsion list (Safehaven Reports of the War Crimes Branch, 1944- 1945. Date Range: September 10, 1945-September 12, 1945)

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BREY, Franz. From OMGUS General Records Pertaining To External Assets Investigations

Category: Repatriates: Spain - General (N.D., August 1944 - May 1946): " Addicional Sofindus connections were listed by LINDENBERG as follows: One ZIESCHE, German now in Spain, particularly well informed on cloaking operations; Handelsrat ENGE; one BECKER; a Major BREY, german who worked closely with KRAMER".

From Safehaven Reports of the War Crimes Branch, 1944-1945 Date Range: September 10, 1945-September 12, 1945: " Franz BREY, German, Assistant Air Attache, Madrid, arrived Lufthansa at Barcelona, October 13, 1944, passport 1350, age 30. Erika BREY, German passport 1605, diplomat, arrived at Barcelona via Lufthansa November 27, 1944. Both these persons are named for expulsion on the proposed list of German officials." Wife: Josefa FLEISCHMANN

BRIEHL, Rudolf Paul Erich. Agent classified lll-A in OSS records. Repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Martin. DOB. Breslau, 16 August, 1908. A- 924. Teacher at German School, Tenerife. Address: calle Pi y Margall, Tenerife.

BRINKMANN, Diederich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BRINKMAN, Heinrich. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Technician (watches and clocks). Calle Calderilla 3, Malaga. Born about 1910.

BRINKMAN, Roland. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Montana S.A. Geologist. Carmen 7, Neguri (Bilbao). Born Hagemor Mecklenburg, 23 Jan. 1898. Passport No. 749 issued Altona 1 .7.37. Member of NSDAP.

BRINKMEYER, Hermann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BROCHART. I-M, KO Spanien (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain).

BRODE, Helmut Wolfgang. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 3/9/1899 in Berlin-Neukolln. Address in Germany, 1946: Riegel am Kaiserstuhl (French zone).

BRODTMANN BEYFUSS, Ursula. Repatriated on Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Worked at the German Cultural Institute in Madrid. E-62 on Official List. DOB. Hoehr, 19 November, 1921.

BROSE, Otto. Counsellor. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1 941 ).

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BROZIO, Gustav. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BRUCK, Willi. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BRUCKMAIER, Matthias. Repatriated on Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Member of Airforce Communication Corps. Worked under orders of Kurt van VEERSEN. A-863 on Official List/ A-63 in other documents. DOB. Guttenburg, 21 December, 1917.

BRUCKNER, Adolf. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BRUGEMANN / BRUGGEMANN, Gerhard. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Berlin, 29 June, 1913.

BRUMM. Frl. I-M, KO Spanien (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain).

BRUNELLA, Josef. Repatriated on Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Technician employed by the Spanish Government for weather station. A-980 on Official List. A-980 on Official List. DOB. Oberfeld, 9 October, 1905.

BRUNET, (fnu), alias MARIO. From Nuernberg Interrogation Records > ... OCCPAC Interrogation Transcripts And Related Records > Bernhard, Heinrich: Belgian. In Spain working for Amt VI, 1945. Lives in Brussels. Last seen in Madrid. Born 1905 in Belgium. 1 .75m, muscular. Married. Press correspondent. Worked for BdS Brussels prior of evacuation of Belgium. Autumn 1944 fled to Germany.

BRUNK, Felicitas. Repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Belgard, 31 May, 1923. A-65.

BRUNNER, Heinz / Heinrich. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 29/11/1906 in Kaiserslautern. Address in Germany, 1946: Dieselstr.1, bei Heinz Otto FALKE (British zone).

BRUNO, Bruen. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Montana S.A. Employee. In Vigo since 1942. Born Bremen 21 May 1904. Passport No. 46/1942 issued Bilbao 26.3.1942. Member of DAF and NSV

BRUSENDORF, Franz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

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BRUSIUS, Anton. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BRUSTLE, Karl. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BUBENHEIM, Karl. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BUCH, Hans Christoph / Christian von. Col (?). In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified l-B and ll-B in OSS records. Commercial attache at the German Embassy, Madrid. Radio technician. Uses the title of Colonel, but may be no higher than a lance corporal. In Ohio, US, around 1942. Also active in Peru. Born about 1908.

BUCH, Hans Christoph von. German agent classified A. Col. Assistant air attache at Embassy. Address: Claudio Coello 151, Madrid and Maria de Molina 12, Madrid.

BUCKHARDT. Agent working l-M, KO Spanien, Sev\\\a. (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's

report on l-M Spain).

BUCHEN, Robert. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Reichbank counsellor.

BUCHHOLZ, Karl / Karl Horst / Karl Moritz (name given in repatriation list as owner of Livraria Buchholz *). Art looter and Nazi agent. Classified C in list of Germans to be reapatriated from Portugal,. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation.. Address: General Mola 81, Madrid. Address given in Repatriation List from Portugal: Pensao Lis, Lisbon. Born August 26, 1901 at Gottingen. Wife and three children (Albert, Godula and fnu) in Ueberlingen Budensee. Art dealer and book seller, who opened a book shop and art gallery in Paseo de Recoletos, 3, Madrid, Libreria Buchholz * *, but evaded blocking decree by antedating organization of business.

efectuadas nos termos do Despacho Ministerial publicado no Diario do Governo, 1 a serie, de 10 de Maio de 1945 (...): Livraria Tecnica Buchholz.Lda, Lisboa. (Note by E. Meyer)
 * Complete name, according to OSS, WASH SPDF Docs 4101-4145, Relacao das entregas

Buchholz, Libreria y Exposicion S.A., The blocking decree was anuled by Spanish government in 1949: ORDEN de 1 1 de noviembre de 1949 porla que se dispone que la Compahia Libreria y Exposicion Buchholz, S. A., de Madrid, quede exceptuada de las disposicioes que establece el bloqueo de bienes de propiedad extranjera contenidas en la Ley de 17 de julio de 1945 y legislacion complementaria. (Signed) MARTIN ARTAJO. (Note by E. Meyer)
 * The oficial name, according to Spanish documents and OSS, WASH SPDF Docs 5101 5135, was

From Information of OSS, Art Unit, dated 20 August, 1945, Individuals involved in suspicious Art activities, Iberian Peninsula: "50, Avenida da Liberdade, Lisbon. Founder of Livraria Buchholz, New German Bookshop with Portuguese partner, Henrique LEHRFELD

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(Black List). Former Berlin art dealer claiming to be refugee. Is suspected for working for high Nazi authorities and to have handled looted art works."

BUCHHOLZ's cloaking activities in Spain involved the exhibition of second-rate specimen of second-rate artists. As late as 1999, as a token of their gratitude. Spanish authorities and intellectuals still shielded this smuggler:

"PRESIDENTIAL ADVISORY COMMISSION ON :HOLOCAUST ASSETS IN THE UNITED STATES-

Edgar M. Bronfman, Chairman

(From) Kenneth Klothen, Executive Director

,l(To) The Honorable Enrique MUGICA HERZOG

December 12,1999

Spanish Commission on Holocaust Assets Concha Espina, 8. 7 Izda 28036 Madrid Spain

Dear Mr. Chairman:

It was a great pleasure to meet with you and your colleagues in Washington. Pursuant to that meeting and our very productive discussions, I am writing to forward to you some of the questions that we would like to pose to Professor MARTIN ACENA and the other members of your research team for their insights.

As you know, our work is divided into three major research categories: art and cultural property; gold, and non-gold financial assets,. We have canvassed our research staff and have received questions from them.

These include:

1 ) We would like to know more about the activities of Alois MIEDL in Spain. MIEDL is the art dealer who crossed the French-Spanish border with works obtained from the Goudstikker Collection. Does the Spanish Commission know anything about the fate of these works imported by MIEDL?

j

2) Has the Spanish Commission obtained information about the post-war activities in Spain of art dealer Karl BUCHHOLZ in Spain? He was an important dealer who also did business in the U.S.

3) Do Spanish officials know anything about the activities of Alfredo HIRSCH, and an individual surnamed ZANTOPF (according to some reports, the same person)? During the war years HIRSCH was an art dealer in Spain. :

4) Does the Spanish Commission know about an auction of Old Masters organized by a German national in Barcelona in 1943? (See explanatory notes: Auction of Old Masters in Barcelona)

5) The Eizenstat report described the financial transaction between Spain, Chase, and First National Bank with .regard to the telephone system. Is the Commission aware of other transactions?

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6) Were any assets entering the United States that were used as collateral in financial transactions transferred from Central Banks of neutral countries through Spain during the relevant time period?

7) If so, what was the form of these assets?

8) Does the Spanish Central Bank possess records, or correspondence with the US Federal Reserve, regarding the transfer of assets from Spain to the United States during the relevant period?

9) Has the Spanish Commission addressed the issue of whether any assets looted from Holocaust victims may have ended up in the hands of individual Spaniards?

1 0) Did the Commission address the issue of whether gold, and other assets, may have been smuggled into Spain illegally?

1 1) Is the Commission aware of information in Spanish archives that could shed light on the relationship between the Falange Party, the then-government of Spain, and German Reich financial institutions? If so, was either a recipient of looted assets?

12) Is the Commission aware of documents concerning the following individuals or organizations and their involvement with looted assets:

a) Jose CANCELLER, Minister of Foreign Affairs

b) Aznar & Co. : ,

c) Johannes CHARLES (also known as Baron Jean Charles)

d) August T. GAUSBECK (founder of Banque Charles & Co., in Monaco in 1944. It had a branch in Barcelona. There is information that this bank had a close relationship with the Reichsbank).

e) Axis Embassies and legation offices in Madrid.

13) Is the Commission aware: of Argentina or other Latin American nations serving as a transit point for looted assets tnmsshipped from Spain and destined for the United States? If your Commission has no information relevant to these questions, would it be possible to offer us some guidance as to how we mightpursue research into these issues in Spanish archives?

I very much appreciate your generous offer of assistance and hope that the cooperation between our, two Commissions can serve as a model for similar cooperation among all such Commissions as we strive to discover the truth about this terrible period in our recent history.

Finally, I look forward to the 'day when, as you suggested, we will "almorzar bien en Madrid."

Sincerely (signature) Kenneth KLOTHEN

Executive Director."

In view of the research results and conclusions, the efforts of Spanish Commission (BOE num. 166 Sabado 12 julio 1997) has been, since that date, to put it midly, shameful. Keeping on this mummery, Mr. MUGICA and his Commission recommended Spanish Government to

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provide "adecuate assistance" to a non existent organization: the Organization Mundial Sefardi:

"Il.-Una vez afirmada la ausencia de responsabilidad del Estado espahol, la Comision, habiendo cumplido el mandato recibido de acuerdo con el Real Decreto 1131/97 de 11 de julio, considera su deber terminar estas Conclusiones adhiriendose a la creciente corriente de opinion en la Comunidad Internacional que vuelve a tomar conciencia del drama del Holocausto judio.

Porello, y teniendo en cuenta la politica de Espaha en favor de las comunidades sefardies,

recomienda al Gobierno, desde su propia legitimidad democratica y por el sentimiento

humanitario de los espanoles, que aporte la ayuda que juzgue mas conveniente a la

Organization Mundial Sefardi, de la que son miembros numerosos conciudadanos

espanoles. Madrid, 5 de marzo de 1998.

El secretario de la Comision, Fernando de GALAINENA.

V°B° el presidente, Enrique MUGICA HERZOG*."

The amount promised, not as restitution, since Spain, according to Comision Mugica final report, denied any involment or responsabilities in Nazi looting, was assigned, months later, to a non identified sephardic NGOs:

En la Seccion 12 (Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores), Organismo 103, Agenda Espanola de Cooperacion Internacional, Programa 134.A (Cooperacion para el Desarrollo) se modifica la denominacidn del concepto 497, de tal manera que donde dice: «Organizacion Mundial Sefardi», debe decir: «Subvenciones a Organizaciones no Gubernamentales para ayudas a

sefardies victimas de la persecucion nazi». {BOCG. Senado, serie II, num. 1 12-g, de 14/12/1998 p. 970)


 * In 2012 Israel bestowed the Shmuel Hadas Award upon Enrique MUGICA HERZOG.

Documents :

From Records of the American Commission for the Protection and Salvage of Artistic and Historical Monuments in War Areas (The Roberts Commission), 1943-1946:

"BUCHHOLZ. One suspected of serving as cloak for Nazi interests in the New German Bookshop, 50 Avenida Liberdade, Lisbon. It was opened in late 1943 by a German refugee, a certain BUCHHOLZ, in partnership with a Portuguese named LEHRFELD, who put 200.000 into the business. He brought with him half a million marks worth of books, pictures and sculpturs from Germany, and sold at high prices. It is said that GOEBBELS and RIBBENTROP used him to open bank accounts for them in places they considered safer than Argentina, and that as far back as 1938, BUCHHOLZ was selling "confiscated" art pieces for the benefit of the Nazis. Swiss dealers were in touch with him a year ago, but no recent information has come concerning him. (From Foreign Economic Administration Preliminary Report, May, 1945, "Looted Art in Occupied Territories, Neutral Countries and Latin America." p.28)

From Records of the American Commission for the Protection and Salvage of Artistic and Historical Monuments in War Areas, Geographical Card Files on Possible Art Looting Subjects\Portugal\

BUCHHOLZ, Karl Horst.

New German Bookshop. 50 Avenida da Liberdade, Lisbon

German. Married. Passport No II.4520-44, II-4520-43 BL, 4520-43 Berlin V (6).

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Address: Leipzigerstrasse, Berlin; Budapest; Buchholz Gallery New York (4). Occupation: dealer in books and works of art.

Description: About 40 years old, fairly tall, rather good looking, a nice prosperous German. Born about 1904 (4); August 26, 1901 at Gottingen. German subject (6). Backgound: Claims to be a refugee having one Jewish grandmother. However, he brought with him some half million marks worth of books, pictures and sculpturs. Has a splendid shop with high prices.

Present activities: Opened a shop in late 1943 (...). Appears to be working for RIBBENTROP and GOEBELS personally, acting as an outlet for their wealth. Now has German woman as secretary who reports back to RIBBENTROP or GOEBELS on sales posibilities. Subject is said to have a brother in US, now an American citizen, who also has a book and art shop. Subject has been sending books and confiscated or looted works of art to the brother (1) Is reported to have received photos of pictures now for sale in Switzerland and is in touch with dealers and refugees (2). Subject travels constantly and his shop is reported as intermediary for the sending of looted goods to South America. A young woman, daughter of a German teacher in Lisbon, is said to be working there, and reported to be anti-Nazi, might be willing source (3).ls reported to have received photos of pictures now for sales in Switzerland (...)(2) Pictures mentioned are:

Italian Master (XVI Cen), La Dama au Petrarque, 90,000 Swiss francs (sic). Antonio Moro, Charles V, 86x66 cm. 38,000 Swiss francs (sic). Franz Snyders, Natures Mortes or Still Life, 22,000 Swiss francs.

(1) OSS Report, A24221, Date of inf. 1 Feb. 1944

(2) OSS Report, A42548, July 1944

(3) OSS Report No H-7707. Date of info, July, 1944. Rpt'd 1 1-10-44

(5) HX-347 29 Jan. 45 (from Wash 9-4-45)

(6) 2250 of 12-4-45, and 23800, 23700 of 28-4-45.

From Records of the American Commission for the Protection and Salvage of Artistic and Historical Monuments in War Areas, Geographical Card Files on Possible Art Looting Subjects compiled 1943-1946:

" A Miss BRAUN and Ivonne KALLEDAY run the shop in absence of subject" (1) (1) HX-1 68 Lisbon 9/6/44.

From Records of the American Commission for the Protection and Salvage of Artistic and Historical Monuments in War Areas, Geographical Card Files on Possible Art Looting Subjects:Portugal:

" His Berlin partner, Herr HUELSEN, and he are anti-Nazi, and they frequently exhibit "condemned" works of art for which they were attached by Nazi press, warned by RbK and fined RM 5000. But another source says he sold art works by the "degenerate artists" from German museums in 1936. In 1938 some things that had passed through his hands were at FISHER's sale in Lucerne; considered subject was employed by Nazi government as agent in this affair (4). Also opened branch in Budapest as well as Lisbon (4).

His brother's shop in U.S. in either New York or Washington; in collaboration with subject reported to have sold works from German Jewish collections and paintings by German Jews. Bulchholz Gallery in New York, now owned by Curt VALENTIN, former partner in Berlin, said to be anti-Nazi and to have severed all connections with BUCHHOLZ (4).

112

Price of pictures on sale in Switzerland quoted at 190,000 Swiss francs, 138,000 Swiss francs, and 22,000 Swiss francs (4). Photographs of these three pictures on view at Buchholz Gallery in Lisbon (4). (...)

Travels between Lisbon, Madrid and Stuttgart and Barcelona (staying at Hotel Ritz) (6).

J.C. ALEXANDER, alias Wilhelm ALENDORF is representative of Bulchholz Booksellers (6).

(4) Vaucher draft list of dealers 17-3-45 (German) (6) C/1 2 151/23 28-4-45 attached to 2250 of 12-4-45

From Records of the American Commission for the Protection and Salvage of Artistic and Historical Monuments in War Areas, Geographical Card Files on Possible Art Looting Subjects-Portugal:

"(BUCHHOLZ). Had a bootleg gallery, dealing in art books, and also in paintings, etc., on the Leipzifer Strasse. In 1936 he had a number of works by forbidden artists for sale. In 1938 the Museum of Modern Art (NYC) bought a number of such things from him through Kurt VALENTINE (sic). They were from German museums, and were sold at %, 1/3 or even 1/10 the market price. A year or so later, the balance of the things were sold at the Lucerne auction of all the modern things taken from the German museums. In other words, BUCHHOLZ was used by the German government as an agent in 1938. A list of what he is offering now would make it possible to decide whether he is an agent now or not.

VALENTINE (sic) says BUCHHOLZ went to great risk to protect VALENTINE (sic) in the

early days of the regime, but failed. VALENTINE (sic) had great faith in him until he saw him Paris in 1938. He (BUCHHOLZ) opened a bookshop in Lisbon two years, something he could not have done without the consent of the German Government. He also opened one in Bucharest." (V.F to M.D., Nov 2, 1944*

Reflected in the Case Studies of Curt Valentin and Otto Kallir-Nirenstein by Jonathan Petropoulos to evaluate the real connections between VALENTIN and BUCHHOLZ and VALENTIN with the Third Reich. See also UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK. Case No.: 09 Civ. 3706 (CM). MARTIN GROSZ and LILIAN GROSZ, Plaintiffs, against THE MUSEUM OF MODERN ART, Defendant,: PORTRAIT OF THE POET MAX, HERRMANN-NEISSE With Cognac- Glass, SELF-PORTRAIT WITH MODEL and REPUBLICAN AUTOMATONS, Three Paintings by George Grosz, Defendants in rem. DECLARATION OF JONATHAN G. PETROPOULOS (Note by E. Meyer)
 * See the excellent study Bridges from the Reich: The Importance of Emigre Art Dealers as

From Ardelia Hall Collection, Restitutions Research Records, Goering Hermann Gifts Received 1939-1941:

"Buchhandel. Buchholz, Berlin 507.95 (RM)"

"Rechnungen Buchholz, Buecher

a) 5 Dez. 1940 352,35

b) 6 Dez. 1940 6.00

c) 14 Dez. 1940 10.00

d) 17 Dez. 1940 32.20

e) 17 Dez. 1940 82.00

c) 20 Dez. 1940 25,40

507.95

113

From From Ardelia Hall Collection, Restitutions Research Records, 1945-1950 Reichsminister Accounts for Loans of Artwork:

"Abschrift zu IA 1125-01/5.39/1151-1,11.

Aufstellung der bei Verwertung der Erzeugnisse entarteter Kunst gezahlten

Vermittlungsgebuehren.

(...)

Tag der Anweisung

Empfanger

25.1.1939

Karl BUCHHOLZ,

4.3.1939

Karl BUCHHOLZ,

5.4.1939

Karl BUCHHOLZ,

5.4.1939

Karl BUCHHOLZ,

4.5.1939

Karl BUCHHOLZ,

9.5.1939

Karl BUCHHOLZ,

10.5.1939

Karl BUCHHOLZ,

Betrag

Berlin 3.708,65 RM

Berlin 1.143,96 RM

Berlin 76,98 RM

Berlin 1.724,- RM

Berlin 175,- RM

Berlin 950,- RM

Berlin 799,45 RM

gez. Dr. BRIEBACH "

From From Ardelia Hall Collection, Restitutions Research Records, 1945-1950 Reichsminister Accounts for Loans of Artwork:

(Commissions paid by the Reichsministerium fur Volksaufklarung und Propaganda to art dealers involved in selling "degenerate" art looted by Government.)

" Reichsministerium fur Volksaufklarung und Propaganda

Geschaftszeichen (In der Antwort ausgeben) BK9036 E/28.1 1.39/13-8,13

An die Privatkanzlei des Fuhrers z. Hdn. von Herrn Gruppenfuhrer Schaub in Berlin

Berlin, 30 November 1939

(...)

" Zur Durchfuhrung der vom Fiihrer gewunschten Vergutung an die durch die Beschlagnahme entarteter Kunst betroffenen Galerien wird gebeten, aus dem Verfiigungsfonds des Fuhrers an die Reichshauptkasse zu Gunsten des Reichsministeriums fur Volksaufklarung und Propaganda zu uberweisen:

1 . ) Den Gegenwert in Reichsmark fur die dem Sonderkonto "EK" zwecks Neuankaufen fur die .Reichskanzlei an Kunsthandler Haberstock abgezweigten Devisen = RM 81.727,03

2. ) Provisionszahlung an die Galerie Fischer-Luzem fur die Versteigerung dortselbst am 30.Juni 1 939 und aus Nachverkaufen in Summa von £ 2.898,98 = RM 33.631 ,09 nach dem Tageskurs vom 1.7.1939 berechnet 1 £ = 11,67 RM..

3. ) Verauslagte Provisionen fur die mit den Verkaufen entarteter Kunst betrauten deutschen Kunsthandler HABERSTOCK-Berlin, BUCHHOLZ-Berlin, BOHMER-Gustrow, Dr. GURLITT-

Hamburg RM 3.995,63

(siehe Anlage Ziffer 2)

4. ) Kosten fur personliche und sachliche Aufwendungen im Zusammenhang mit der Abwicklung entarteter Kunst im laufenden Rechnungsjahr (Dienstbezuge, Dienstreisen, Transporte, Lokalmieten usw.) RM 13.583,34 (siehe Anlage Ziffer 3)

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RM 132.937,09

Die unter Nr.3) und 4) genannten Betrage sind die bis zum heutigen Tage entstandenen Unkosten. Die mit derweiteren Abwicklung entstehenden zusatzlichen Kosten werdon nach- gereicht.

(■■■)"

From Records of the External Assets Investigation Section of the Property Division, OMGUS, 1945-1949. Safehaven Reports And Interrogations Of Top Nazis : Schellenberg

"(■■■)

Q. Do you know a man by the name of BUCHHOLZ?

A. BUCHHOLZ, if I remember correctly, was a member of the Amt Mil.

In what country did he operate?

A. I believe he was active for the counter-espionage in France and Italy. Q. Who was his superior?

A. The chief of Frontaufklaerungsleitstelle //I West, Col. GARTHE. Q. Do you know anything specifically about his operations?

A. Previously I never knew that a BUCHHOLZ existed. Only very recently, in the last days of my freedom and during my time in prison, I heard his name and heard that he was not a very good type of person.

Q. Whom did you hear this from - from people who interrogated you or from other Germans?

A. Other Germans.

Q. Do you recall who told you about BUCHHOLZ?

A. It was a co-prisoner in England who was formerly a subordinate of mine, by the name of Rittmeister von LEDEBUR.

Q. Didn't he tell you that BUCHHOLZ had been doing?

A. No, he only asked me if I knew BUCHHOLZ who was supposed to be a man who had great expenses and spent a lot of money.

Q. What were your connections with the New German Book Shop in Lisbon? A. No connections."

115

BUCHHOLZ, Karl. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Posen, 9 November, 1912.

BUCHMANN, Max. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BUDDE, Heinz. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Stiekelkumperfehn, 22 May, 1923.

BUENTE, Rudolf. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Bolsa 1, Sevilla. Born May 4, 1909 at Zeven. Married with three children in 1946. Connected with Corchos de Andalucia S.A. Member of NSDAP since 1934. Wife, Ruth, also an active Party member.

BUERG, Georg. Mining engineer, friend of Walter MOSIG.

BUETTNER, Arno Richard. German agent classified B. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Transport agent since 1936 for German Embassy. Address: Diego de Leon 28, Madrid.

BUGGE, Hans. German agent classified B. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Businessman. Addresses: Hermosilla 95, Madrid. Repatriated from Spain by air (dates from January 29 to February 25, 1946). Po. No. 780. Interrogated between February and May 1946. British Reports. Working from 1928 to 1936 in Spain for ERHARDT.

From Preliminary Interrogation Report (CI-PIR) No 134, dated 13 September, 1946: Personal data :

1 Jan 1905 Born in Kiel, Gemany.

1921 Graduated fron the Oberrealschule In Kiel.

1921-1925 Worked for Sartori & Berger in Kiel as an apprentice merchant.

1925-1928 Worked for the firm Schellemann and M. Petersen, both in Antwerp, Belgium.

1928-1936 Worked for the firm Ehrhardt in Bilbao and Barcelona.

1936 At the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War, he went to Bremen with his wife, Carmen IRIARTE, whom he had married in Bilbao in 1933.

1940 Drafted irto the antitank reserve, out soon transferred to GFP Gruppe 603. Jun 1940 Gruppe noved to Fontainebleau. BUGGE promoted to Gefr. Dec 1 940 Promoted to Uffz.

116

Oct 1 941 Transferred to Abw l-M, Berlin.

Nov 1941 Assigned to l-M, KO Spain and sent to Morocco.

Nov 1942 Recalled to Germany fron Morocco because of illness and hospitalized in

Tuebingen.

Jan 1943 Returned to l-M, KO Spain, where he stayed in Madrid, evaluating reports of V- Maenner.

Mar 1945 Interned by the Spanish government. Feb 1946 Repatriated to Germany. Functions of l-M. KO Spain

l-M was the largest of the Referate of KO Spain. This was natural, since there was little opportunity for observing enemy armies and air forces in Spain, but all enemy naval activity in the Mediterranean was easily observable. However, the greatest blunder of KO Spain was the failure to discovor the plans for the Allied invasion of North Africa, a matter which belonged to the province of l-M.

Information on enemy naval movenents was sent to Luftwaffe units in Sicily (later Italy) and to the Mediterranean submarino commander at Genoa for action. See Report on l-M. KO Spain in STUBBS, Erwin.

BUGGUE, Hans. Mentioned as interned in Camp 76, Asperg on March 27, 1946.

BUKOWSKI, Sepp. Repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Leibnitz, 20 September, 1917.

BUNGE, Eduard Max. SD agent in Bilbao.According to Heinz LOESCH's interrogation in Camp 76, September 1946, BUNGE was main stockholder of Marathon S.A, Aceros. Elcano 9, Bilbao and director and main stockholder (78%) of Moressin S.A., Baquelit-works, Santurce, Bilbao. Partner and connected with EHRHARDT. Connected with ARRIAGA (Spanish cloak man). BUNGE had a big state in Berango (Vizcaya) a great villa in Bilbao and lot of real state in Germany. His procurist is a Swiss named MILLER. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Aguirre 12, Bilbao. Born Muehlheim a Ruhr, 7 Aug. 1893. Passport issued Bilbao. Member of NSDAP and DAF.

BURANDT, Hans Max Thomas. Repatriated from Bilbao, Spain in September 10 1946. Marine Marlin deportees categories A, B September 1946.

From: U.S. Army. European Command. Intelligence Division, Wartime activities of the German diplomatic and military services during World War II, November 18, 1949: " Commercial Attache, German Consulate, Barcelona. Born on 21 December 1893 in Veracruz. He was deported as No 1 priority. From reliable sources it was reported that he was a party member before 1933. An old SA leader and is considered a fanatic nazi. Subject released to Wiesbaden, Martinstr. 10, c/o Mrs. M. HASSELBACH. DOB. Veracruz, 21 December, 1893. A-593 Agents' List and I Priority List.

117

BURBACH, Friedhelm alias RUDI. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. . Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. German consul general, Bilbao. Former chief of Auslands organizations, Spain. Address: Aguirre 12, Bilbao. After war he eluded expatriation in Traspaderne and Villaperlada (in a place called La Granja), where he was named RUDI el aleman.

BURBULLA, Karl. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: calle Larranagal, San Sebastian. Born December 27, 1901 at Thorn, West Prussia. Married with three children in 1946.. Employee by BERNHARDT and later worked for Transposes Marion, at Irun. Reported as nazi and as having worked for SD at frontier.

BURCK von. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Madrid.

BURG, Georg. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Sobradelo, Orense. Born May 20, 1906 in Peciul-Nou, Roumania; German nacionality. Married to German, Erika WINKLEN. Mining engineer with Montes de Galicia. Reported to have stolen property from company.

BURGHARDT, Erich. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

BURGHARDT, Oskar/ Oscar. Still In Spain in December 19 1946. In files of the Office of Political Affairs, American Embassy, Madrid. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Representative. Ercilla 39, 4 izq. Born Pforzheim on 7 March 1904. Passport No. B-944 issued Koln on 25.3.39.

BURGHAUSE, Paul. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

BUROSE, Theodor. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Hotel Excelsior, Bilbao. Born Oldenburg, 21 March 1897. Passport No. 139 issued Valparaiso 9.3.39.

BUSCH, Erwin. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Kochneukirch, 20 July, 1926.

BUSCH, Gfr von. Referat I, IL, KO Spanien as of February 1945.

BUSCH, Hugo. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

118

BUSS, Gustav Adolf. German agent classified B. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Employee of German Embassy. Interned at Caldas de Malavella, December 1944.

BUSENBECKER, Alfred. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BUSS, Theodor. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

BUSSE, Liselotte. In Marine Perch file. Prime Secretary to the General DOERR. Still in Spain in 1946.

BUSSMANN, Ernst. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Rheine, 19 May, 1923.

BYDEKARKEN (fnu). Korv/ Kapt. I/M, KO Spanien.

CALDEVILLA, Cesar, alias SECA. Lt. Col. From STUBBS and BUGGEs report on l-M Spain:"Was the Spanish General Staff officer in charge of Spanish concentration camps. His reports were mostly passed on to l-H and Abt III. SECA had good connections in the War Ministry."

CALLAM STRECKER, Friedrich-Martin-Paul / Pablo. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Gran Via 47, Bilbao. Born Berlin 23 Oct. 1868. Passport issued Bilbao / 16.12.37. Manager of Compania de Ferrocarriles La Robla.

CANARIS, Joaquin (Joachim) Hugo. German agent classified A. Sonderfuehrer I Hauptmann. Referat I IH, KO, Spanien. Attached to German Embassy, Madrid. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Arrived Germany from Spain May 12, 1946. Born in 1908 in Pegli, Italy. Address in Germany: Neuhaus, bei Schliersee, Oberbayern. Address in Spain: Calle Fortuny 45, Madrid.

CANARIS, Wilhelm, aka Reed ROSAS. Born 1 January 1887 in Aplerbeck bei Dortmund, Westphalia. Died 9. April 1945 in Flossenburg concentration camp. German Admiral and chief of Abwehr from 1935 to 1944. In Kaiserliche Marine, Reichsmarine and Nazi Germany Abwehr.

Rabid anticommunist. Founder and member of paramilitary units Freikorps. Member of the military court that acquitted or gave minimum penalties to those involved in the assassination of Karl LIEBKNECHT and Rosa LUXEMBURG (i.e. CANARIS's friends and comrades: Captain Waldemar PABST, Lieutenant Horst von PFLUGK-HARTTUNG, Otto RUNGE, and Lieutenant Hermann SOUCHON. CANARIS organized the escape of one of the murderers, Lieutenant Kurt VOGEL.

Intelligence work in Spain during WWI: Went to Spain first in December 1915 to establish a spy network in Spanish ports monitoring the movements of Allied feet in the Mediterranean. He contacted Spanish shipbuilder ECHEVARRIETA to order the building small boats for cabotage of provisions to German submarines. He was assisted in this mission by Abwehr

119

commander KALLE, military attache at German Embassy, Madrid, von WINTHERFELD and Eberhard von STOHRER.

Footnote: I have ommited all issues related to anguished conscience so dear to his hagiographers. The amount of deaths imputable to CANARIS can't be "wishy washed" with psychologic portraits or a random act of kindness of this unvaccinated nazi.

CARBE, Alberto / Albert, alias CAESAR. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Repatriated on SS Highland Monarch. In hospital and not interrogated. Manager of Siemens in Malaga for many years. Former chief of German IS at Villa Leon, Algeciras. Former German Consul in Algiers. Also engaged in espionage activities in Madrid. Ex-Italian Consular Agent for Cadiz and district. A-81 on Official List and III Priority List. Il-B in OSS records. Agent l-M, KO Spanien, Algeciras (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain).

Interned at Caldas de Malavella November, 1944. Brought to repatriation center under police escort. DOB. Heinrichswalde, 15 September, 1891. Address in Spain: Villla Leon, Calle Stamon 1, Algeciras and Calle Velazquez 12, Sevilla.

CARGANICO, Hans Albrecht alias Heinz STEINBRUCH. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 13/1/1902 in Arys, Ospreusen. Address in Germany, 1946: Arndtstr. 16 (Soviet zone). As STEINBRUCH, Heinz he was classified in category. Listed as A342. In Hotel Majestic, Barcelona, 13 March, 1945. In several files classified as two different persons. Identified in OSS files as one person.

CARL, Friedrich. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1 941 ).

CARLSEN, Otto. Repatriated on Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. German seaman interned in Spain at Pasajes, San Sebastian. Brought to repatriation center under police escort. E-1 23 on Official List. Kiel, 3 March, 1913.

CASCIARO, Rudolf Wagner. Agent in Spanish Morocco. Il-Unclassified in OSS records. Villa Sanjurjo. Mechanic. Born November 24, 1906.

CASTIEN, Heinrich. Repatriated from Spain by air (dates from January 29 to February 25, 1946). Po. No. 0096.

CENTENO (possibly a cover name). l-M, KO Spanien, Spanish Morocco, Ceuta (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain).

CERQUEDA i ESCALER, Manuel. From Washington Office, Special Funds Division Finance, Intelligence Documents 1551-1600:

"Subject has for some time been known for his pro-German and pro-Falangist activities. He was the eldest of a large family in Seo de Urgel in Spain. Following his father's death he became the sole support of this family. In 1936 subject lost his wealth and his home and

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properties were taken over by his creditors. Among these properties which he owned was the then inactive Banca Agricola y Commercial de Andorra and one-half interest in the Hotel de Andorra.

Reliable information, dated 13 June 1945, indicates that today subject is considered to be one of the richest men in Andorra and referred to as one of the most wealthy men on the Spanish side of the Pyrenees. He is considered to be the biggest gold holder in that region and his fortune is considered to be in the hundreds of millions.

It is known that during the German occupation of France he handled the exchanges for many wolfram and wool shipments brought by the Germans into Spain through Andorra. He became the cashier for all of the larger chains of agents operating in southern France. It is further reported that he received and effected the exchange of all the gold shares and currency that the SD, Gestapo, and Abwehr officials took out of France during its occupation by Germany and after its liberation.

The majority of the personnel who worked for the Germans are known to have carried on their financial transactions ttirough the Banca Agricola y Commercial de Andorra. Since there is no international control of entry of stock and money to Andorra and since we have information that anyone is able to open an account for anyone else, irrespective of where he lives, and since the Banca Agricola y Commercial de Andorra is the only bank in Andorra, the scope of subject's activities is unlimited."

CESER, Otto. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

CHAMORRO, Manuel. Spanish Major. High General Staff, Catalunien. Spanish agent for Abwehr. {General Records Pertaining to External Assets Investigations, compiled 1948 - 1950, documenting the period 1939 - 1950. Series: Repatriates : Spain - General (June 1946- September 1947))

CHICO (cover name). SIM Spanish agent working for Bureau FELIPE, Operation COSMOS, Algeciras (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on /-M Spain).

CHLEBOWSKI, Ernst. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 7/6/1914 in Eschwege. Address in Germany, 1946: Hohenweg 46, Eschwege (American zone).

CHRISTMANN, Walter. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Essen-Borbeck, 2 April, 1923.

CHRISTENSEN, Ludwig. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

CHRISTIAN (alias). Abwehr agent.

121

CHRISTMANN, Ludwig. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

CHRNDORF, Ewald. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

CHURRUCA Y DOTRES, Cosme Damian conde de. Smuggler of gold and currency in Tangier and Algiers. Spanish Vice-Consul in Algiers. Honorary Captain for his actions in Spanish Civil War. Decorated by FRANCO. Born 25 November 1897 in Barcelona. Died 7 April, 1971 in Ibiza. Married Maria Mercedes GIRONA SALCEDO.

From Washington Office, Special Funds Division Finance, Intelligence: Documents 1-29:

OSS, Washington DC, Intelligence Dissemination

Tangier

Date Report: 10-13 April 1945 Subject: Traffic in Contraband Currency

"The Count of CHURRUCA, Spanish Vice-Consul in Algiers mantains contact with ROSENBAUM, an exchange broker of Tangier. CHURRUCA makes a regular monthly trip to Tangier, brirging with him United States currency ranging in amount from 2,000 to 10,000 dollars. The selling price of the dollars varies between 13.75 Pesetas and 17.00 Pesetas depending on the demand. ROSENBAUM seems to be the principal buyer and seller of smuggled dollars in Tangier. (VT-2739)"

From Washington Office, Special Funds Division Finance, Intelligence: Documents 3856- 3900:

Strategic Services Unit. War Department War Department. Original Report VT-3944 Morocco

Subject: Activities of Conde CHURRUCA, former Spanish Vice-Consul in Algiers. 19 February 1946 Origin Theatre: Tangier

"1. Conde Cosme y DOTRES CHURRUCA, former Spanish Vice-Consul in Algiers, left Tangier on 27 Decenber 1945 ostensibly for the Philippine Islands via Spain.

2. CHURRUCA smuggled gold out of Tangier via Algiers during the latter half of 1945. According to some sources, CHURRUCA shipped the gold to Spain for the account of the Spanish Government. However, other reliable sources report that CHURRUCA actually smuggled the gold out of Tangier for a group of Vichy-protected Algerian Jews, and that the gold was then shipped to France and used for the purchase of land and buildings.

3. CHURRUCA was closely associated in these transactions with Robert BENSIMON (also spelled BENSIMHON), Azagury Building, 18 Calle Sanlucar, and with Georges BOUCHARA, BENSIMON's partner.

4. CHURRUCA bought his gold fron the following Tangier money brokers: Jacob MUYAL, 91 Siaguins; Menahem MUYAL, 43-45 Siaguins; and Isafas CHOCRON, 7 Siaguins. CHURRUCA was reported in April 1945 to be smuggling United States currency into Tangier, ROSENBAUM, an exchange broker in Tangier, was the principal buy and seller of

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this currency. (This may be Nicolas ROSENBAUM mentioned in report A-66350, VT- 3950.)"



CLAAR, Eberhard. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

CLASEN. German consul in Cadiz. Agent working l-M, KO Spanien, Cadiz. (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain).

CLAUSEN, Bernard. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Journalist and German agent classified B.. Address: Ibiza 22, Madrid.

CLAUSS, Adolf. German agent classified B. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Son of consul Luis CLAUSS. Sabotage.

CLAUSS, Luis, Jr. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified l-B in OSS records and A in British records. Address: Plaza de la Raza 1, Huelva. Born about 1892. Sabotage.

CLAUSS / CLAUS, Luis / Ludwig, Sr. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Shipping agent and German Consul in Huelva. Agent working l-M, KO Spanien, Huelva. (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain). Address: Av. Italia 49, Huelva.

CLAUSS, Max. Dr. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Deutsche Allgemeine Zeitung.

CLAUSSEN, Erich. German agent classified C. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Deals in metals. Address: Jose Celestino Mistis 29, Madrid. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Representative. Colon de Larreategui 57, Bilbao. Born Oldenburg i.O. on 11 July 1899. Passport No. 723/34 issued Barcelona on 24.7.34. Member DAF.

CLOOS, Friedrich Wilhelm. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Vice consul in Monforte de Lemos (Lugo). Manager of Minerales de Hierro de Galicia S.A.

CLOTH. Connected to SINGER.

COHNITZ, Werner. Agent classified I l-B in OSS records. Journalist. Photographer. Madrid.

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COLMENARES, Joaquin Alonso, alias CRUZ. From STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain:" Standard bearer in the Falange, had connections with Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, Falange, Brigada Social via V-man Jose Maria REVUELTO alias VUELO, Direccion General de Seguridad, Ministerio de Indistria y Comercio. His political reports were passed on to the Embassy."

COLONNA, Bertram Jamie Alphonso LOPEZ DE VERE, alias Bernhard CLAUSSEN.

Count. "British. COLONNA first came to notice in 1937 as a German propagandist based in Berlin and later in Copenhagen and Madrid and the author of many letters to British newspapers, many of them on the file. By 1943 he was also reported to be engaged in espionage for the Germans." National Archives, Kew. KV/2/3403. PF 49174 (2 vols.)

CONEN / COENEN, Ernst. Dr. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden ardlmperial del Yugoy las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Secretary at German Embassy.

CONRAD, Ottherrmann. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Representative. Gran Via 5, 3°., Bilbao. Born Kamerun (Africa) on 31 December 1911. Passport No. 3/39 issued Rosario (Argentina) on 9.1.39.

CONRADI, Kurt. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

CORA LIRA, General. From STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain:"Was l-M's only contact with the Ministry of Naval Affairs. He was supposedly neither very interested nor efficient."

CORDUA, Helmut. Engineer. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1 941 ).

CORMANN, Gert. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: 1.G. Farbenindustrie A.G. Employee (Quimica Bayer). Address: Ribera 7-8, Bilbao. Born Saarbrucken (Saarland), 10 March 1911. Passport No 13644 issued Koln 7.9.1937. Member of DAF.

COURT, Leo. Repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Siegburg, 13 October, 1906. A-742.

CRAMER, Theodor. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

CRAMER, Wilhelm. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

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CRONACHER, Fritz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

CURIEL, Ernst Hermann. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. Stateless. DOB. 29/3/1874 in Hamburg.

CURIEL, Peter. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. Stateless. DOB. 6/1/1925 in Miinchen.

CUSTOMZ, Dr. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain.

CZARUETZKI, Gertrudis Anyela. Repatriated on Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Employee of DAF. Common-law wife of Heinz Walter GOETZE / GOETZ. E-63 on Official List. DOB. Koenigsbuette. 16 March, 1901.

CZECH, Erwin. Repatriated on Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Employee of German Embassy in Madrid. PLANKERT Office. On Official List, A-33 / A-833 in other documents. DOB. Pschov Rytnick, 12 March, 1915.

DACH, Hugo. German agent classified C. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent for Kuehne & Nagel of Hamburg. Address: Paseo de Gracia 50 (Apartado 5039), Barcelona.

DAHM, Horst Jurgen. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 26/7/1921 in Dusseldorf. Address in Germany, 1946: Graf Reckestr. 99, Dusseldorf (British zone).

D'ALQUEN, Gunther / Giinther. SS-Standartenfuhrer. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

(October 24, 1910 - May 15, 1998) was Chief Editor of the SS weekly, Das Schwarze Korps ("The Black Corps") the official newspaper of the Schutzstaffel (SS), and commander of the SS-Standarte Kurt Eggers (SS-Standarte Kurt Eggers. The honour title Kurt Eggers referred to the SS War Correspondent and editor of the SS Magazine Das Schwarze Korps, killed in 1943).

"Gunter dAlquen was born in Essen, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, the son of a Protestant merchant and reserve officer. After attending secondary school in Essen and joining the Hitler Youth in 1925, dAlquen entered the NSDAP at the age of seventeen and was an SA man and Youth Leader in the Party between 1927 and 1931.

He played an active part in the National Socialist German Students' League and later joined the SS on April 10, 1931, becoming an SS Captain within three years. DAlquen never completed his university studies, concentrating instead on a journalistic career. In 1932 he joined the staff of the Volkischer Beobachter as a political correspondent, catching the eye of Heinrich Himmlerwho in March 1935 appointed him editor of the official SS paper, Das Schwarze Korps.

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As the mouthpiece of revolutionary Nazism and chief spokesman of the SS in the German press, d'Alquen's paper frequently attacked intellectuals, students, distinguished scientists, recalcitrant business firms, black marketeers, churchmen and other groups or trends in German society which had aroused Himmler's wrath. Apart from its notorious antisemitism and censorious role in national affairs, the paper saw itself as a bastion of German morale during World War II, concentrating its attention on German victories at the front. SS War Reporter

D'Alquen himself became a prominent SS war reporter after September 1939 and towards the end of the war was appointed by Himmler as head of the Wehrmacht propaganda department. Among his publications was an official history of the SS, Die SS. Geschichte, Aufgabe und Organisation der Schutzstaffeln der NSDAP (1939). He also edited Das ist der Sieg (1940) and Waffen-SS im Westen (1941). In July 1955 d'Alquen was fined DM 60,000 by a Berlin Denazification court, deprived of all civic rights for three years and barred from drawing an allowance or pension from public funds.

He was found guilty of having played an important role in the Third Reich, of war propaganda, incitement against the churches, the Jews and foreign countries, and incitement to murder. He had glorified the SS State and Hitler's infallibility, brought democracy into contempt and encouraged anti-Semitism. After a further investigation into his earnings from Nazi propaganda, SS-Standartenfuhrer d'Alquen was fined another DM 28,000 by the Berlin Denazification court on January 7, 1958." (From Wikipedia)

DAMM, Gerda. Repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Martin. DOB. Siegen, 30 December, 1906.

DAMM, Rudolf. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Montana S.A. Topographer. San Sebastian since 1940. Born Dernbaoh, 31 Jan. 1911. Passport No. 75 issued Siegen 14.6.1938.

DAMM, Ulrich. Repatriated from Bilbao. NSDAP member (OSS records)

DARMSTADT, Heinrich / Enrique. Agent classified lll-B in OSS records. Professor at the Berlitz School, Sevilla. Born 1878, Sberscheim-Mainz, Germany. Address: Mendez Nunez 19, Sevilla.

DAUS, Werner. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Technician employed at the San Pablo airfield, Sevilla.

PIERRE DAYE / PIERRE ADAN. From Informe Final CEANA, Comision para el Esclarecimiento de las Actividades del Nazismo en la Republica Argentina:

"Antecedentes personales

Pierre DAYE nace en Bruselas el 24 de marzo de 1892. Ingresa a la Argentina en 1947 con el pasaporte espanol No. 1156147.

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Procedente de Madrid, Mega al aeropuerto de Moron donde lo esperan Georges GUILBAUD -llamado DEGAY-, Robert PINCEMAN -llamado RIVES- y Charles LESCAT o LESCA -llamado Carlos LEVRAY y Mario AMADEO, quien desde la decada de 1930 habia demostrado afinidad ideologico-politica y una estrecha relacion con personas vinculadas a los regimenes nazi-fascistas en Europa.. Por esto no es extrano que acompanara al grupo de profugos y fugitivos que recibia a DAYE. (Veanse las Memoires Inedites de Pierre DAYE-, Vol. 5, Pag. 1350, citadas por Diana Quatrocci-Woisson en el Informe: CEANA).

En 1947 Pierre DAYE forma parte del grupo de "allegados" que participan de las conferencias sobre inmigracion que Rodolfo FEUDE y Carlos FULDNER coordinan de acuerdo con las instrucciones del Presidente de la Nacion, General Juan D. PERON. (...).

Pierre DAYE, fue condenado a muerte el dia 18 de diciembre de 1946 por el Consejo de Guerra de Bruselas, inculpado de colaboracion con el enemigo.

En los mismos anos en que DAYE actuaba en forma semi oficial, asesorando sobre inmigracion, el Gobierno de Belgica solicitaba su extradicion.

Acerca de los tramites de extradicion de Pierre DAYE:

El 17 de junio de 1947 la Embajada belga pidio su entrega basandose en la Resolution VI sobre crimenes de guerra del Acta Final de la Conferencia de Chapultepec, que preveia el compromiso de quienes la suscribieron -incluido nuestro pais- en cuanto a entregar de inmediato y sin proceso de extradicion a los criminales de guerra reclamados por otras potencias. Las actas de Chapultepec firmadas por el gobierno de ipso, fueron ratificadas por el Senado de la Nacion, durante el primer gobierno de Peron.

El pedido de extradicion fue realizado previa localizacion de Pierre DAYE, que se alojaba en el Hotel Lafayette con el nombre supuesto de Pierre ADAM.

El dia 9 de octubre de 1947, Pascual LA ROSA se expidio en el sentido de que debia procederse a la entrega de Pierre DAYE sobre la base de la anteriormente citada Resolucion VI de Chapultepec. Respecto de los colaboracionistas LECOMTE, LEROUX y RUYSSCHAERT citados en el expediente por el que se solicita la extradicion de Daye, se propuso aguardar la accion de la legacion de Belgica.

El ultimo informe policial es del dia 17 de septiembre de 1947. De alii en mas se interrumpe la investigacion del expediente. La extradicion de DAYE nunca fue concedida. Retorno a Europa donde escribio sus memorias personales. Esta fuente es muy rica en referencias sobre los mecanismos por los que ingresaron a la Argentina los criminales de guerra y/o contra la humanidad y los colaboracionistas se Europa Central.

Documentos

PIERRE DAYE / PIERRE ADAN (Informe Final CEANA, Comision para el Esclarecimiento de las Actividades del Nazismo en la Republica Argentina): Fuente: AMREC, D.P. Belgica, 1947, Caja 14, Exp.. No. 9

Memorandum:

"En nota D.1923 - N° 1894 la Legacion de Belgica aqui acreditada denuncio la llegada a la Republica de un tal Pierre DAYE, nacional belga condenado a muerte por el Consejo de Guerra de Bruselas el 18 de diciembre de 1946 por colaboracion con el enemigo. Invocando

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la Resolucion VI de la Conferencia de Chapultepec, solicito que se ponga al nombrado a disposicion de las autoridades belgas, a bordo de un buque de esa bandera.

Posteriormente, en nota D.1923 - N° 2293, dicha Legacion reitero su pedido anterior y al mismo tiempo, informo que se encontraban tambien en la Republica un tal LECOMTE, ex- burgomaestre de Chimay, condenado a muerte y que llego a Buenos Aires bajo el nombre de DE GRAEF; un tal LEROUX, que llego a la Argentina con el nombre de SEYNAEVE, y un tal Gerard RUYSSCHAERT. De estos dos ultimos la Legacion belga no menciona ningun cargo ni tampoco solicita la entrega de los tres, aunque esa sea posiblemente el fin perseguido al efectuar la denuncia.

La Oficina de Enlace con el Ministerio del Interior y la Policia Federal, a la que se dio intervencion en este asunto; confirmo la veracidad de las noticias suministradas por la Legacion de Belgica e hizo conocer que habian sido individualizados y localizados el nombrado Pierre DAYE y un tal Jan DEGRAAF WERHEGGEN, quien presumiblemente sea el Lecomte, ex-burgomaestre de Chimay, aludido. De las otras dos personas, se comprobo que habian entrado al pais.

Como Pierre DAYE es el unico reclamado hasta el presente por la Legacion belga, la cuestion debe concretarse al mismo, a proposito de quien cabe senalar que, segun lo manifiesta la Oficina de Enlace con el Ministerio del Interior y la Policia Federal, mantiene relaciones con Jose Maria AREILZA, persona que pertenece a la Embajada de Espana en nuestro pais", seguramente el propio Embajador.

Al respecto es necesario tener en cuenta la Resolucion VI sobre "Cnmenes de Guerra" de la Conferencia de Chapultepec, la que en su parte dispositiva establece:

1°. Recomendar a los Gobiernos de las republicas americanas que no concedan refugio a los culpables, responsables o complices de dichos cnmenes.

2°. Recomendar a los mismos Gobiernos que, a peticion de cualquiera de las Naciones Unidas y de conformidad con el procedimiento que se acuerde segun el numeral siguiente, entreguen los individuos acusados de tales cnmenes a la Nacion Unida requirente o a la custodia de los organismos de las Naciones Unidas que se establezcan para juzgar y castigar a tales criminales.

3°. Solicitar del Comite Jundico Interamericano que, teniendo en cuenta las respectivas legislaciones nacionales, proyecte y presente, para su adopcion por los Gobiernos de las Republicas americanas, las normas necesarias para determinar la condicion de criminal de guerra, asi como el procedimiento que debe seguirse para la devolucion o entrega de los mencionados delincuentes."

Por lo expuesto, este Departamento de Relaciones Externas considera que corresponded o acceder desde ya a lo solicitado por la Legacion de Belgica y proceder a la entrega del citado Pierre DAYE o aguardar antes a que dicha mision reitere nuevamente el pedido.

Con respecto a las otras personas nombradas, habra que esperar a que la representacion diplomatica belga inicie alguna accion, expresando los cargos que se les hace y requiriendo su entrega.

Departamento de Relaciones Externas.

Buenos Aires, 9 de octubre de 1947. [Sello] Pascual La Rosa

Director del Departamento de Relaciones Externas "

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DECKE, Hans Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Graf REISCHACH's office. Propaganda.

DECKEN, Friedrich Adolf von der. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

DECKER, Hans. From OCCPAC Interrogation Transcripts And Related Records > Belling, Josef: V-Man Gestapo in Luxemburg until 1944. Luxemburger. Lives Diekirch, Luxemburg, born 1905. 1.70m, slender, blond hair, fair complexion, gray eyes. Married. Wife lives in Diekirch. Speaks German, English and French. Deputy Kreis Leiter.

Career: Previously with Gestapo in Spain and Portugal. CPI Pink Card 11203.

May be the same person that

DECKER, Jonny. Parter of LOHMANN. Connected with PANHORST, SCHWEDKE, BENTHEIM, Gregorio MARANON MOYA. Died in 1944. Wife in Louxembourg asked LOHMANN to liquidate DECKER'S state in Spain but there were problems because SCHWAEDKE and BENTHEIM alleged this was money from the German Government.

DEDE / DEDO, Hans. German agent classified B & C. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. German consul in Palma de Mallorca. Address: Plaza Cort 5, Palma de Mallorca. Member of NSDAP and German Chamber of Commerce.

DEGENHARDT, Michael. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

DEGGEN / DEGEN, Julius. Repatriated on Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. A C-3 report dated 17 May 1945 described DEGGEN as an important Gestapo member attached to the German Embassy. On Official List: A-88 and III Priority List. Wife, Liesel and two children, Giinther and Liselotte. DOB. Wattweiler, 16 March, 1913.

DEGRELLE, Leon Joseph Marie Ignace. From Gerhard STRIDDE's Affidavit:

The flight took of on 7 May 1945 at 23:10 hours from the airport Fornebu/Oslo to Spain. The order for our flight was issued by Reich commissioner TARBOVEN, and it read: Oslo- Drontheim.The pilot was Albert DUENINGEN, the wireless operator Georg KUEBEL, the navigator Benno EBNER, the flight mechanic Gerhard STRIDDE and the passangers were Leon DEGRELLE and his adjutant Robert (du WELZ). They landed in Spain on 8 May 1945 at 06:20 hours. Fuel shortage compelled us to make a forced emergy landing on the beach of San Sebastian. DEGRELLE had 3 or 4 bone fractures on the shoulder joints. DUENINGEN, skin abrasions and small fingered injured, KUEBEL, EBNER and Robert, skin abrasions, STRIDDE, broken leg and face injuries. They were taken by the Spanish police to

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the military Hospital Mola at San Sebastian. They remained there until September 15, 1945 (DEGRELLE until 15 October 1946). About 15 September 1945 the crew of four arrived at Camp Caranza, where they remained until 29 January 1946. As the transport of the camp inmates was to go via France, they were advised by the Germans and Spanish authorities not to make the trip through France. STRIDDE escaped and lived in Santander, calle Perines 13, up to his apprehension on 28 September 1946 and sent to prison in Madrid, where he remained until his return to Germnany on 23 November 1946.

From Helmut R. MICHEL'S Affidavit: Robert du WELZ lived up to the middle of November 1946 in Zurbano 43,

From Wiki: After Germany's defeat, DEGRELLE fled first to Denmark and eventually fled to Norway, where he commandeered a Heinkel He 111 aircraft, [3] allegedly provided by Albert Speer. He was severely wounded in a crash-landing on a beach in San Sebastian in Northern Spain. The government of FRANCO in Spain initially refused to hand him over to the Allies (or extradite him to Belgium) by citing his health condition. After further international pressures, Francisco FRANCO permitted his escape from hospital, while handing over a look-alike; in the meanwhile, Jose Finat y Escriva de Romam helped Degrelle obtain false papers. In 1954, in order to ensure his stay, Spain granted him Spanish citizenship under the name Jose Leon Ramirez Reina, and the Falange assigned him the leadership of a construction firm that benefitted from state contracts. Belgium convicted him of treason in absentia and condemned him to death by firing squad. While in Spain, during the time of FRANCO, Degrelle maintained a high standard of living and would frequently appear in public and in private meetings in a white uniform featuring his German decorations, while expressing his pride over his close contacts and "thinking bond" with Adolf Hitler. He continued to live undlurbed when Spain became democratic after the death of FRANCO. Degrelle continued publishing and polemicizing, voicing his support for far right solutions. He became active in the Neo-Nazi Circulo Espanol de Amigos de Europa (CEDADE), and ran its printing press in Barcelona - where he published a large portion of his own writings, including an Open Letter to Pope John Paul II on the topic of the Auschwitz concentration camp, the extermination purpose of which Degrelle called "one big fraud, Holy Father." His repeated negationl statements on the topic of Nazi genocide brought Degrelle to trial with Violeta Friedmann, a Romanian-born Venezuelan survivor of the camps; although the lower courts were initially favourable to Degrelle, the Supreme Court of Spain decided that he had brought offence to the memory of the victims, both Jews and non-Jews, and it sentenced him to pay a substantial fine. It was also decided that he should pay a fine for his Open Letter to Pope John Paul II as well.

Asked if he had any regrets about the war, his reply was: "Only that we lost!" In 1994, Degrelle died of cardiac arrest in a hospital in Malaga in Southern Spain."

DEIKE, Georg. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Siemens X-ray technician (Reiniger-Veifa S.A.)L\c. Poza 44 - 3°, Bilbao. Born Altensittenbach, 21 March 1907. Passport 7453 issued uadrid 8.8.1934.

DEINNINGER, Karl. Classified l-C in OSS records. Captain in the German army. Madrid.

DELFANNE, George Henri alias Heinrich BAUER, alias Henrique BAUER alias Henry MASUY / MASSUY, alias Christian MASUY alias KRANENBAUM / KRANNENBAUM / KRAMMENBAUM, alias Henri de la PUTTE, alias van der PUTTE. OKW AMT Aussland Abwehr IV (Oberst Rudolf). Sonderbeauftragter. Belgian. Born 22 January 1913, Brussels.

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or German born Wiesbaden 1913 (under alias BAUER). Repatriated from Madrid by army airtransport on 23 August 1946. Listed B-25, I Priority.

Notorious German agent involved in GIS activities in Spain, Belgium and France from 1939 throug 1945. Operated under cover as a commercial agent. Sipo and SD agent since at least February ,1940, when he was reported in Germany. Arrested by the French in 1940 and freed by Norbert SENNER in Marseille. Reported to have joined the Otto ourchasing organization in Paris in 1942 and to have been activ in black market as well as espionage, for the Abwehr, the Sipo and the SD.

Said to have been responsible for over one hundred executions. During 1943 and 1944 ran a smuggling organization on the Franco-German frontier. Went to Saint Jean de Luz with Rudolf von MERODE about June 1944 after an attempt on his life in Paris. Made numerous trips to Spain, ostensibly running contraband textiles. Arrived in San Sebastian August 20, 1 944, with his mistress Emilia or Emilienne Alicia / Emile Alice JURION, one or two chilfren and two bodyguards.

Reported in October 1944 to belong to a W/T and contraband network directed by Ostuf {Oberstuurmfuhrer) Ernst ALISCH and including also MERODE, Jean DUVAL, Ernst von NEUBER, and Kurt JUHNKE, the network being in possession of seven W/T transmitters. Reported in January 1945 to be under house arrest after an attempt in December by three French policemen to kidnap him.

Stated in 1945 that he planed to settle in Barcelona. Reported in March 1945 to have left San Sebastian, possibly for Germany.

Said to have a huge fortune in France and Spain.

Height around 5' 6" (168 cm); slim build, dark brown hair, blue-grey eyes, small nose, thin lips, pale complexion. Scar caused by a shot on one hand. Speaks some German, Spanish and English.

German passport in the name of Heinrich BAUER, born in Wiesbaden, n°. A-824. Address: Nov. 1944, private in Villa San Luis, Av. Infante Don Juan, Ondarreta, San Sebastian; Dec, 1944 as W/T in Calle Mayor 1, San Sebastian and occasionally 1944-1945 in Hotel Capitol, Madrid.

Contact of MIEDL and involved in transfer of MIEDL's pictures to Spain.

Far-right Rexist militant and protected by Leon DEGRELLE. Recruited by GIS in 30s in Germany, where he bullied and terrorize jews for money. In France 1940, as a Gestapo agent, he bought and become handler of the politicians Jacques DORIOT and Marcel BUCARD. He infiltrated, interrogated and tortured more than 800 Resistance fighters, notably Simone MICHEL-LEVY and Pierre MALLEZ. The networks infiltrated were Turma- Vengeance, Parsifal and Defense de la France.

From Records of the American Commission for the Protection and Salvage of Artistic and Historic Monuments in War Areas, 1943-1946. Subject File: Menten. (Attachement 2, dated 1 3 February 1 945: Report on looted Works of Art in Spa/n-MIEDL Case): " BAUER, Heinrich, alias MASUY, alias KRANENBAUM. German, born Wiesbaden 1913, considered dangerous German agent, gangster type. Since 1939 has travelled in France and Belgium, supposedly for a chocolate firm. Reported to have worked for Lafont Gang and to have been connected with Offo buying organization (1942).

Moved to San Sebastian, 1943. Travelled around Spain and continuously back and forth over Franco-Spanish frontier. Ran smuggling organization, apparently in association with

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OTELET. Connected with MOLL, de MERODE, Irene BUCHER, Julian TRONCOSO, Juan and Florentino Manuel POMBO, and ROMERO ROBLEDO (the last three, wolframistas from Salamanca).

Has two bodyguards, French Fascists, named Charles LELOUP and Albert BEAUDENEAU. KONINCKX is reported to have worked for him in France and to have been released from arrest to some extent through his machinations. LOPEZ and two companions were arrested for an unsuccessful attempt to kidnap him on December 24, 1944. The Spanish subsequently issued a warrant for his arrest. His present whereabouts are unknown."

Executed on 1 October 1947 at Fort de Montrouge (Hauts-de-Seine). Connected with POESCHEL, BRANDEL and VARGAS.

DALWIGK, Reinhardt. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

DELZEPICH, Josef Peter. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 5/9/1925 in Achen. Address in Germany, 1946: Bez Aachen Lindenstr. 12, Duerwiss uber Eschweiler (British zone).

DEMBINSKI, Bernhard Georg. German agent classified B. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Attached to German Embassy, Madrid. Arrested for deportation by plane 25 September, 1944. Repatriated from Spain by air (dates from January 29 to February 25, 1946). Po. No. 0768.

DEMMEL, Georg. SD German agent classified B. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Owner of Cerveceria Germania. Address: Alameda Mazarredo 5, Bilbao. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Manager of Colonial Restaurant. Born Lenggries, 12 March 1899. Passport No. 60/35 issued Bilbao 17.8.35. Member of DAF and NSV.

DEMSKI, Franz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

DEMSKI, Oskar. Counsellor. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1 941 ).

DENCKER / DENKER, Hubert. German agent classified A. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Krim Asst. German. Born in 1910. Died 26 February 1970 in Mataro, Barcelona. 1.83 meters tall, slender, bald, with a ruddy complexion and blue eyes. He speaks Spanish and lives in San Sebastian, calle Primo de Rivera 1. He was sent to Madrid in 1941 as a trainee in the Office of Police Attache and was transferred to the Barcelona branch of the same office. Oberleutnant in Legion Condor. Decorated by FRANCO with the Cruz del Merito Militar. Married Elisabeth KLEB. Conected with firm Udema. He lived in Urbanizacion Isla, 13-14, Villa Isabel, Caldas de Estrach. Religion: Catholic.

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DENKHAUS, Arthur. German agent classified A. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Formerly living at Bouknadel 36, Tangier. Expelled to Spain, March 1944.

DENNINGHOFF, Karl. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

DEUBEL, Henri Paul. German formerly employed as technician by the Spanish Government. Listed for departure on SS Marine Martin, scheduled to leave the Port of Bilbao about Agust 31, 1946. Entered Spain March 23, 1943. DOB. Zeitz, 15 June, 1911.

DEWOITINE, Julio Emilio. "Nacio el 26 de septiembre de 1892 en Laonnois Provincia de Aisne Francia. Constructor de aviones, juzgado por la justicia de su pais por "indigencia con el enemigo y atentado a la seguridad del Estado", fue condenado por la Cour de Justicie de la Seine a veinte anos de trabajos forzados, a la "indignidad nacional" y a la confiscacion de sus bienes.

Ingreso el 28 de mayo de 1946 en el vapor "Buena Esperanza", procedente de Vigo. Presento pasaporte espanol N° 531/46 expedido en Madrid (Espana). Fecha de embarco:20 de febrero de 1946. Trabajo para el gobierno peronista en la construccion del primer avion argentino a reaccion bautizado pulqui." {Informe Final CEANA, Comision para el Esclarecimiento de las Actividades del Nazismo en la Republica Argentina)

DEUTZ. Agent in Spanish Morocco and Tangier, Ill-Unclassified in OSS records. Teacher in Licee St. Aulaire.

DEYHLE / DOYHLE, Hans. German formerly employed as technician by the Spanish Government.Listed for departure on SS Marine Martin, scheduled to leave the Port of Bilbao about Agust 31, 1946.

DICK, Paul. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

DIDWISZUS, Fritz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

DIECKE. German agent classified l-A in OSS records.

DIECKHOFF, Hans-Heinrich. German embassador in Spain 1943-1945.

DIEDENHOFEN, Max. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

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DIEHL, Fritz. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Counsellor.

DIEHL, Georg. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

DIEKAMPER, Josef. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

DIENER, Karl. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Counsellor.

DIENSTMAIER, Captain of Hestia. . Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

DIEPENBROCK, Bernard / Bernardo. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified lll-B and IV-B in OSS records. President of German School, Tenerife. Commercial agent.

DIERSSEN, Wilhelm. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Operator of vivarium. Av.de los Castros 14, Santander. Born Barsinghausen, 23 April 1897. Passport No 7810 issued Madrid 9.4.35. Member of DAF.

DIETEL SCHILLER, Erich. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: General Mola 55, Madrid. Born January 8, 191 1 at Greiz. Single. Sofindus employee. Follower and aide of Cristoph FIESSLER. DAF, NSDAP and SA member since 1933.

DIETERLE, Albert. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

DIETL, David. German agent classified D. Secretary to J.F. BERNHARDT. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain.

DIETMANN, Hans. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Koenigsberg, 28 February, 191 1.

DIETRICH, Anton. Condecorated by FRANCO "Caballero de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas con Medalla" {BOE, 1 1 Septiembre de 1940).

DIETRICH, Arthur. Decorated by FRANCO with the Encomienda Sencilla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {Decreto 29 julio, 1943). Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. Ortsgruppenleiter of DAF, Madrid. Landesgruppenschulungsleiter NSDAP, Madrid. Formerly in Mexico. Press attache, German Embassy, Madrid. Still in Spain in September

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1946. Address: calle Sil 9, Colonia El Viso, Madrid. He hid from Allies in Traspaderne (Burgos). Near Traspaderne, in Cillarperlata, hid another nazi agent, BURBACH.

DIETRICH, Werner alias DIETZ. Repatriated from Spain by air (dates from January 29 to February 25, 1946). Po. No. 0089.

From: U.S. Army. European Command. Intelligence Division, Wartime activities of the German diplomatic and military services during World War II, November 18, 1949: " Radio Operator. Born 20 February 1212 in Chemnitz.

From 1931-1936 subject was a student at the Engineering College at Dresden.

From 1936-1940 he was employed as electrical engineer by the Allgemeine Elektricitats- Gesellschaft (AEG) in Berlin.

From 1940-1945 he was called up for military service and trained as a radio operator. He held various short time assignments as counter intelligence operator in Germany.Ordered to France where he served as operator until September 1941.

He was then sent to Spain to operate a relay station in Sevilla. stayed there as a radio operator until the general armistace.

Member of the NSDStB, Deutsche Studentenschaft, SA, DAF, NSV and the NSDAP.

Subject worked as a radio operator in France. This was an operation carried out under General Kommando 2 and later 12, and came under the direction of Lt Col WEBER of the Abwehr,who was in charge of the General Kommando 12 in Wiesbaden and also Maison- Laffitte. In 1941 subject was ordered to Spain to set up a relay station in Sevilla. This relay station was to receive intelligence messages from a number of out stations. All messages were coded. He reported mainly on Allied shipping troop movements and preparations. Subject was released to Berlin-Charlottenburg, Weimarerstr. 20".

DIETZ, Albert. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

DIETZ, Anneliese. Repatriated on Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. E-4 on Official List. DOB. Frankfurt a/M, 3 August, 1914.

DIETZ, Karl Egon. German agent classified A. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Employed by A. E.G. Address: Peru 5, Sevilla.

DIETZ, Werner. Agent classified l-B and ll-B in OSS records. Electrical engineer with A.E.G. Sevilla. Born about 1911.

DIETZOLD, Otto. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. Gruppenfuhrer D.A.F. Also active in K.D.F. Address: Calle Leon y Castillo, Apartado 214, Las Palmas. Posed as commercial agent.

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DIEZMANN, Giinther. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 2/1/1926 in Dragsdorf bei Zeitz. Address in Germany, 1946: Sperberweg 12, Koln Rh Biekendorf.

DILLMANN, Josef. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

DIRINGSHOFEN, Heinz von. Dr. . Commander Physician. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

DIRLEWANGER, Oskar. Obersturmfuhrer. Commander of the so-called Sonderkommando or SS-Sturmbrigade Dirlewanger. War criminal and convicted child rapist decorated by FRANCO.

Born in 1895 in Wurzburg. He served as an infantry officer in World War I and won the Iron Cross 2nd Class and 1st Class medals. After the end of World War I, DIRLEWANGER, described in a police report as "a mentally unstable, violent fanatic and alcoholic, who had the habit of erupting into violence under the influence of drugs," joined different Freikorps paramilitary militias and fought in Ruhr, Saxony and Upper Silesia.

He fought against the German Revolution of 1918-19 with the Freikorps in the cities of Backnang, Kornwestheim, Esslingen, Unterturkheim, Aalen, Schorndorf and Heidenheim near Stuttgart, in the Ruhr at Dortmund and Essen in 1920 and in eastern Germany in 1920 and 1921. He served in Freikorps Epp, Freikorps Haas, Freikorps Sprosser and Freikorps Holz.

In 1934 convicted of raping a 14-year-old girl and stealing government property. After serving a two-year jail sentence, DIRLEWANGER was released. Soon after, he was arrested again for sexual assault. He was interned in a concentration camp. Gottlob BERGER, an old Freikorps comrade who worked closely with Heinrich HIMMLER, the Reichsfuhrer-SS, secured his friend's release and an appointment to the Condor Legion. During the Spanish Civil War, he served with the Condor Legion from 1936 to 1939 and was wounded three times. Both times he was considered a model soldier and was well thought of in fascist military circles.

Between April and November, 1937 he was instructor in Gruppe Issendorf, (also known as Gruppe Thoma Academias and Imker Ausbilder, under command of Walther von ISSENDORF). He trained members of Falange in Academia de Oficiales Pedro Lien. In November 1937 he was arrested and jailed in Toledo for sexual assaults. Transfered to Sippo, who sent him to Germany for another charges of child abuse. Von THOMA's eulogistic report on him liberated from prison and he was ascended to Hauptmann rank. DIRLEWANGER returned to Spain in July 1938 as instructor for Falange's Academias. According to some sources he was also instructor and company commander in the tank unit Imker. At the end of the Spanish Civil War he had the Spanish Military Merit Cross, the Spain campaign medal and the German Spanish Cross (silver).

From Wikipedia, Oskar DIRLEWANGER:

" At the beginning of World War II, DIRLEWANGER volunteered for the Waffen-SS and

received the rank of Obersturmfuhrer. He eventually became the commander of the so-called Sonderkommando Dirlewanger (at first designated as a battalion, later expanded to a brigade and eventually a division), composed originally of a small group of former poachers along with soldiers of a more conventional background. It was believed that the excellent tracking and shooting skills of the poachers could be put to constructive use in the fight

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against partisans. Later, Dirlewanger's soldiers were mostly recruited from volunteers among convicted German criminals (civilian and military) and concentration camp inmates, eventually including even political prisoners and mental asylum patients.

The unit was assigned to security duties first in occupied Poland (General Government), where DIRLEWANGER also served as an SS-TV commandant of a labour camp at Stary Dzikow. The camp was a subject of an abuse investigation by the SS judge Georg Konrad MORGEN, who accused DIRLEWANGER of wanton acts of murder, corruption and Rassenschande, that is the crime of sexual relations with non-Aryans (MORGEN consequently himself got reduced in rank and sent to the Eastern Front).

According to Morgen, "DIRLEWANGER was a nuisance and a terror to the entire population. He repeatedly pillaged the ghetto in Lublin, extorting ransoms." Atrocities committed by DIRLEWANGER included injecting strychnine into young Jewish female prisoners, previously undressed and whipped, to watch them convulse to death in front of him and his friends for entertainment. According to Raul HILBERG, this camp was where "one of the first instances that reference was made to the 'soap-making rumor';" according to the rumour, DIRLEWANGER would "cut up Jewish women and boiled them with horse meat to make soap."

DIRLEWANGER's primary patron in the SS hierarchy was BERGER, who provided HIMMLER with a massive political boost by numerically increasing the Waffen-SS through his position as chief of the SS-Hauptamt. In Forgotten Holocaust: The Poles Under German Occupation, Richard C. LUKAS described DIRLEWANGER as "a sadist whose brutality was well known ... one of those degenerates who, in saner days, would have been court- martialed out of the German army." According to Peter Longerich, DIRLEWANGER's leadership "was characterized by continued alcohol abuse, looting, sadistic atrocities, rape, and murder — and his mentor BERGER tolerated this behaviour, as did HIMMLER, who so urgently needed men such as the Sonderkommando Dirlewanger in his fight against 'subhumanity'."[10] In his letter to HIMMLER, SS-Brigadefuhrer Odilo GLOBOCNIK recommended DIRLEWANGER, who "in charge of the Jewish camp of Dzikow ... was an excellent leader."

In January 1942, however, the local Higher SS and Police Leader, SS-Obergruppenfuhrer Friedrich-Wilhelm KRUGER threatened: "[Unless] this bunch of criminals disappears from the General Government within a week, I will go myself and lock them up."

In February, the unit was promptly reassigned for anti-partisan duties in occupied Belarus, "with a speciality of 'pacifying' an area by slaughtering every man, woman and child."

HIMMLER was well aware of DIRLEWANGER's reputation and record, but awarded him the German Cross in Gold on 5 December 1943, in recognition of his regiment's successes during this time, such as Operation Cottbus. In Bloodlands: Europe Between HITLER and STALIN, Timothy SNYDER wrote that "DIRLEWANGER's preferred method was to herd the local population inside a barn, set the barn on fire, and then shoot with machine guns anyone who tried to escape." Rounded-up civilians were also repeatedly used as human shields and marched over minefields. In Masters of Death, Richard Rhodes wrote that DIRLEWANGER and his force also "raped and tortured young women and slaughtered Jews Einsatzgruppen- style in Byelorussia beginning in 1942. "SNYDER cautiously estimated that the Sonderkommando, by then regiment-sized, killed at least 30,000 civilians in its Belarusian tour of duty.Some other estimates are much higher, such as at least 120,000 civilians killed in 200 villages. Jan VALTIN wrote: "The Dirlewanger Brigade is marching! How many hundred villages erased? How many hundred thousand lives snuffed out? Ask Colonel DIRLEWANGER!"

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In 1944, during the German rout from Belarus, DIRLEWANGER's unit suffered heavy losses in the rear-guard fights against Soviet regulars. It was used again (by then, reformed into a brigade), in the suppression of the Warsaw Uprising. Historian Martin WINDROW wrote that "in summer '44 DIRLEWANGER led his 4,000 butchers, rapists and looters into action against the Warsaw Uprising, and quickly committed ... unspeakable crimes." In Warsaw, DIRLEWANGER participated in the Wola massacre, together with police units rounding up and shooting some 40,000 civilians in just two days. In the same Wola district, DIRLEWANGER burned three hospitals with patients inside, while the nurses were "whipped, gang-raped and finally hanged naked, together with the doctors" to the accompaniment of music. Later, "they drank, raped and murdered their way through the Old Town, slaughtering civilians and fighters alike without distinction of age or sex." In the Old Town - where about 30,000 civilians were killed - several thousand wounded in field hospitals overrun by the Germans were shot and set on fire with flamethrowers. Reportedly, "the Dirlewanger Brigade burned prisoners alive with gasoline, impaled babies on bayonets and stuck them out of windows and hung women upside down from balconies."

SS-Obergruppenfuhrer Erich von dem BACH-ZELEWSKI, overall commander of the forces pacifying Warsaw - and DIRLEWANGER's former boss in Belarus - described DIRLEWANGER as having "a typical mercenary nature"; von dem BACH 's staff officer sent to summon DIRLEWANGER before him was driven off at gunpoint. Nevertheless, in recognition of his work to crush the uprising and intimidate the population of Warsaw, DIRLEWANGER received his final promotion, to the rank of SS-Oberfuhrer, on 15 August

1944. In October, he was also awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross, recommended for it by his superior officer in Warsaw, SS-Gruppenfuhrer Heinz REINEFARTH (after the war, REINEFARTH lied about his role in Warsaw, even denying DIRLEWANGER had been under his command).

DIRLEWANGER then led his men in joining the efforts to put down the Slovak National Uprising, eventually fighting against the Red Army in Hungary and Germany. On 17 April

1 945, he was injured in combat for the 1 2th time and sent to the rear.

Death: DIRLEWANGER was arrested on 1 June 1945 near the town of Altshausen in Upper Swabia by the French occupational authorities while wearing civilian clothes and hiding under a false name in a remote hunting lodge - reportedly recognised by a former Jewish concentration camp inmate - and brought to a detention center. He died around 5-7 June 1945 in a prison camp at Altshausen, probably as a result of ill-treatment. The exact cause of DIRLEWANGER's death is unknown, which overtime led to numerous speculations. His death certificate issued by French authorities stated that DIRLEWANGER died on 7 June 1945 of natural causes. However, the certificate has been questioned, especially by the German historians. According to Rolf MICHAELIS, a Luftwaffe lieutenant Anton FUSSINGER (now deceased) claimed he was DIRLEWANGER's cell mate, and said that he witnessed DIRLEWANGER being gravely beaten by Polish guards in the French service on the night of 4 to 5 June, resulting in his death. However, no one else corroborated any of his statements, despite further research by the Polish Institute of National Remembrance. Contemporary Polish sources suggest that those guards could have been recruited from among former forced labourers, although a Polish survivor of the original Nazi camp at Altshausen stated that its former Polish prisoners did not know anything about DIRLEWANGER's death.

The lack of corroborating evidence led to even more rumours after the war ended. Many sightings of DIRLEWANGER were made around the world over the years. Although the French recorded that DIRLEWANGER was buried on 19 June 1945, there were rumours and tabloid stories suggesting that he had escaped, including one popular story of DIRLEWANGER serving with the French Foreign Legion in Vietnam during the First Indochina War and later defecting to Egypt to serve Nasser's army. He was even being still

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officially wanted by the Polish government for murdering over 30,000 people in Poland. In response, the department of public prosecution in Ravensburg arranged the exhumation of DIRLEWANGER's corpse to confirm his identity in November 1960. The place of his burial was confirmed, although it was liquidated later. "

DIRWIMMER, Georg. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 29/10/1900 in Arnstorf, Niederbayern. Address in Germany, 1946: Tumblingerstr. 15 II, Munchen (American zone)

DISCHLER, Ludwig. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

DITTMANN, Paul Willi. German formerly employed as radio technician by the Spanish Government.Listed for departure on SS Marine Marlin, scheduled to leave the Port of Bilbao about Agust 31, 1946. Entered Spain December 16, 1943. DOB. Berlin, 27 October, 1910.

DITTRICH, Alois. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

DITTKRIST, Otto DITTRICH, Alois. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

DOBIASH, Wilhelm. Austrian officer repatriated from Carranza Internment Camp. From OSS, WASH SPDF INT 1 Docs. 3551-3600: (...) Date: 8-12 January 1946

"The news that Germans in Spain would be repatriated in early February 1946 was well received by the Germans interned at the Carranza concentration camp, although the German colony did not display the same sentimente Of the 390 internees, source was told that for the time being only fifteen who appear to be considered war criminals were to remain in Spain, in a concentration campo

The officer in charge of the camp, a certain DOBIASCH, who was a German army officer, applied to the Spanish Ministry of Foreign Affairs for permission to make the trip together with another sixteen internees via Barcelona-Trieste. In this request they stated that they all were of Austrian nationality. Application was said to have been made because of their great fear of crossing France. DOBIASCH according to his own statements was an early member of the Nazi Party.

In accordance with the scheduled repatriation of Germans, the manager of the Carranza camp, a German named LOESCH, instructed a certain UNANUE, an employee at the camp to sell all the fixtures and surplus provisions at black market prices. The money obtained from these sales is to be given to LOESCH who is to remain in Spain in the employ of Antonio SALONA whose business is located in Barcelona. SALONA was in charge of supplying the needs of the Germans at the Carranza camp and was assisted in this by UNANUE one of his employees."

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DOBLER/DOEBLER, Herbert, alias LASSEN, Carl August, alias H. DUARTE. Born 4 December, 1908. Gestapo agent in Lisbon, Barcelona and Madrid.

Information from Finance Division, Hamburg, January 4, 1946 and Records of the External Assets Investigation Section of the Property Division, OMGUS, 1945-1949 : Argentinian national, nominated as partner and trustee by Chemische Fabrik Marienfelde G.m.b.H. representing the 20% participation in cloak firm Medivete. See HOFFMAN, Martin. DOBLER, under the alias H. DUARTE controlled the Lisbon network connected with the German spy ring which transmitted information from US about Allied ships (About this issue, see the Brooklyn Spy Trial, September 1941 to March 1942):

ENGLISH TRAITOR AIDS NAZIS. (1941, October 13). The Canberra Times (ACT: 1926 - 1995), p. 2. " NEW YORK, Saturday. A traitorous Englishman helped a Nazi spy in Lisbon, Portugal to photograph diplomatic mail to and from the British Embassy there, according to the testimony at the trial of 15 alleged spies to-day.

Federal agents testified that information disclosed that H. Duarte alias HERBERT DOBLER, was the main German official in Lisbon. DUARTE gained access to all diplomatic mail from and to London. Erich Strunck, a steward on the United States steamship Siboney, informed the Federal Bureau of Information "G" men that Duarte had agents working inside the British Embassy. One was an Englishman, who carried mail pouches from the Embassy to London, DUARTE instructed this Englishman to bring all pouches outward from the Embassy and inward from London to DUARTE, who promptly photographed the contents on microfilm, which he then sent to. Germany by plane. These films arrived in Germany about the same time as British officials received the diplomatic pouch from London. "

SECRET GERMAN BARED AT TRIAL New York, Sept. 12

The government today revealed the texts of secret messages in which a Hamburg spy center requested information about American airplane production and technical and military intelligence. The messages, received by a "spy" radio station operated secretly by the Federal Bureau of investigation on Long Island, were identified by James C. Ellsworth, FBI agent and government witness at the trial of 16 men charged with conspiracy to spy for Germany.

The messages were addressed to William G. Sebold, who testified earlier that he was assigned to spy in this country by the German Gestapo. He turned his assignment over to the FBI, who built the Long Island station and operated it in counter-espionage. Among the messages introduced into evidence as having been received by the Long Island station from the outlaw station AOR in Hamburg, were:

June 3, 1940, when it was reported that the French might try to move their liner Normandie out of New York — "Thanks for reports. Observe Normandie. "

June 13, 1940 — "Is it true that shipments of provisions have preference over war materials. "

June 29 — "Deliver all material through Siegler to H, Duarte, Lisbon, Hotel Duos Maloes. (or

Nacoes). Password on meeting is Sesam greets Fran*. Duarte will hand over to Siegler 500

for Boeder; 300 for you; 200 for Lily; 259 for Dunn. Distribution of money by you. Don't

borrow money for Lily. All should report military and technical information delivered to

Baglaad. Siegler should bring Stigler also to Duarte. Hearty greetings. "

(Lily Stein and Everett Boeder were among them who have pleaded guilty to one or both

counts for the indictment Franz J. Stigler is on trial). (...)

July 1 1 — "Send via Manhattan to Duarte. Lisbon to forwarding:

DOBRATZ, Kurt. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

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DODO, Michel, alias LARA. From Hans SOMMER's CI interrogation: Amt VI agent from 1944 to 1945. Born 1914, 1.74m height, oval pock-faced, brown eyes, dark blond hair. Fought with the French Army in North Africa. Voluntareed for the anti-Bolshevist Legion in 1941. Promoted to Lt. and became an agent of Amt Win 1944. Sent to San Remo in February 1945 and went to France in a speedboat in April 1945. From France he flew to Spain, was imprisiones, was released and joined the Spanish Intelligence Service. Wife and child live in Paris.

DOERING / DORING, Klemes Johannes. DOB 21/1/1920. Address in Germany, 1946: Margarethenstr. 22 (British zone). He certified and undersigned under oath, before US authorities, that he never was connected or had had any connections with I.G. Farben, Sofindus or Flick

DOERING / DORING, Wilhelm Paul. DOB. 18/8/1894. Internal Auditor of the Sofindus

Trading Subsidiary Companies (about 20 according to DOERING) from August 1941 to May 1945.

In Spanish list. Address in Germany: Potsdamerstr. 157 Berlin (American zone). With Hisma (Sofindus) in Spain 1938-1 939. Reichswerke Hermann Goering, Braunschweig 1940 With Dr. STROVSKY, Wirtschaft Preufer, Berlin. Not in London II. Interrogated July 2 1946

Worked under Supervising Auditor Anton BRENNER, still in Spain in July 1946

DOERING gave information about Rowak, cloak company for Reichministerium;trad'mg companies, Transcomar, Naviera Bachi, Sociedad de Lanas, Transports Marion; Wolfram mines and iron ore trade. He mentioned a Spaniard BARBER.

Auditing Department of Sofindus according to Doering's declaration:

Group Commerce: 1) BRENNER; 2) DOERING

Group Mining: 1) MEINZ and ROHDE; SCHWEIGER

The Auditing Department of Sofindus was directly subject to the Board of Directors: BERNHARDT and WAHLE.

Notwithstanding, he certified and undersigned under oath, before US authorities, that he never was connected or had had any connections with I.G. Farben, Sofindus or Flick

DOERR, Hans Clemens. Generalmajor/ Heer. Arrived Germany from Spain May 12, 1946. Born in 1897 in Wilhelmshaven. Address in Germany: Baden/Baden, Maximilianstrasse 36. In Hoch Asperg (Camp 76). Dec. 1939-Sept. 1940: General Staff Officer, 44th Inf Division. Oct.1940-Mar. 1941: Inspector in Tactics, General Staff School, Berlin. Apr 1941-May 1941: Liaison Officer, 2nd Italian Army. Jun 1941 -Sept. 1942: Chief of General Staff, L II AK. Oct 1942-Jan. 1943: Chief of German Liaison Section, Romanian Army. Jan 1943 -Mar. 1943: Commanding Officer, 384th Division. Mar 1943-Aug. 1943: Chief of General Staff, XVII AK. Aug 1943-May 1945: Military Attache, German Embassy, Madrid.

Connected to FRENTRUP, BRAUNE and BUSSE. Interrogated about the funds of his office and about 72.000 revolvers allegedly sent from the Brunner Waffenwerke to the Spanish

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Government. DOERR received his funds through the Embassy Finance Office, which in turn received these funds from the OKH {Oberkommando des Heeres). He mentioned Oberslieutenant GOLDENBERG and Botschaftrat Walther BECKER as the most plausible officials to know about de arms transaction between Spain and Germany.

DOHMS, Gerhard. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). OKW agent.

DOLID, Oswaldo. Involved in cloaking bussiness with MAWICK and GRADOLPH.

DOLINICA, Josef. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

DOLIWA, Richard Emil Ferdinand. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Co-manager of machine works. Bruno Mauricio de Zabala, Durango. Born Berlin, 11 April 1901. Passport No. 10/38 issued Bilbao 26.9.38.

DOLIWA, Richard Gustav Adolf. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Co-manager of machine works. Bruno Mauricio de Zabala, Durango. Born Konigsberg, 20 Feb. 1873. Passport No. 05404 M/39 issued Nauen 18.1.41. Member of DAF and NSV.

DOLLMANN, Eugen. Born 8 August, 1900 in Regensburg ; Died 17 May, 1985 in Munich SS-Standartenfuehrer (promoted 9.11.1943). A/SDAP-N. 3402541 ; SS-N°. 289259; Personal Staff of the Reichsfuehrer-SS (on 9 Nov 1944 [Kriegsverdienstkreuz II. Klasse ohne Schwerter; Ehrendegen und Totenkopfring] (from Dienstaltersliste der Schutzstaffel der NSDAP [9 Nov 1944]).

Records of DOLLMANN 's postwar service for the Office of Strategic Services I Central Intelligence Agency can be found in in the US National Archives, Record Group 263 (Declassified), Box 08.

DOMACK, Kurt. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Velazquez 27, Madrid. Born September 25, 1899 at Berlin. Wife in Germany. Chief engineer at Telefunken.

DOMANSKI, Fritz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

DOMING, Walter. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

DOMMASCHK, Georg. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

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DOMKE, Ernst Karl Heinrich. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 10/3/1909 in Hagen, Westfalen. Address in Germany, 1946: Spradow bei Bunde, Wesfalen (British zone).

DONDIT, Juan. German agent classified C. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Commercial agent. Worked for Baumann & Co., Hamburg.

DONGES, Erich. Member NSDAP working for Banco Aleman Trasatlantico.

DOORMANN. I-M, KO Spanien, Algeciras (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain).

DORCH, Paul / Pablo. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Businessman. Mechanic. Andalucia.

DORFF, Arnt Arnold Adam von, baron. Delegate to Spain of Daimler-Benz, A.G.

Interrogated by Allied Control Commision about German armaments trade with Spain during war.

DORFLER, Leopold. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

DORING, Adam. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

DORING, August. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

DORING, Klemens Johannes. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 21/1/1920 in Neustadt, Westpreussen.

DORING, Wilhelm Paul. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 18/8/1894 in Angermunde.

DORNE, Georg. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 20/3/1913 in Berlin. Address in Germany, 1946: Friedenstr. 66, Berlin-Niederschoenhausen.

DORZOK, Liselotte. Marine Marlin deportees categories A, B September 1946. Repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. A-99 and IV Priority List. DOB. Mulheim, 23 October, 1918. First priority to be interrogated.

DRAEGER, Adelwald. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 5/7/1908 in Bismarksfelde. Address in Germany, 1946: Roonstr. 176, Wilhelmshaven (British zone).

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DRAEGER, Gustav, alias Jaime SOL. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified l-B in OSS records, working l-M, KO Spanien, Sevilla. (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain). German consul, Sevilla. Businessman. Av. Queipo de Llano 44, Sevilla. Owner, by proxy, of finca Mi Capricho, near Sanlucar La Mayor, whose nominal propietror is his daughter.

DRAGE, Walter. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

DRECHZEL / DRESCHEL, Celia Romero de von. Repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. 8 June, 1910.

DREHER, Hans. Swiss. He run Trans Afrikaner S.A for E. P. WALLWEG in Tangier.

DREISS, Josef. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

DRESSLER, Josef. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

DREXEL, Patrick / Patricio Gestapo agent classified B. Engaged in sabotage activities (explosives). In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Jeweller. Address: calle Alvarez Quintero 38, Sevilla.

DROBBE, Heinz. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Berlin, 13 December, 1913.

DROEGE, Ascan / Askan Herbert. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 7/9/1909 in Wandsbek bei Hamburg. In Spanish list. Employee of the Sofindus from August 1943 to May 1945. Address in Germany, 1946: Neuerwall 26, Hamburg (British zone). Notwithstanding, he certified and undersigned under oath, before US authorities, that he never was connected or had had any connections with I.G. Farben, Sofindus or Flick

DUFNER, Walter Josef. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 6/4/1912 in Schramberg Wurtt. Address in Germany, 1946: Furstenbergerstr. 171, Frankfurt/Main.

DUMKE, Walter. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

DUMPERT, Hans / Johann.. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Interned at Caldas de Malavella in December (November in other documents), 1944,

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according to Allied reports,. Repatriated from Madrid by air on 23 August 1946. Listed B-82 I, I Priority. Germant agent.

From the German files, information dated July, 1941: Born August 24, 1898 in Hagebach. Married. Two children in 1946. Address: Calle Alferez Oliver, 24, Inca (Mallorca). Employed by Gas y Electricidad S.A, Palma de Mallorca.

Information from the office of Attache D.P. Medalie: German. Born around 1903 (?). Wounded in the 1914-1918 war. Lived in Mallorca since 1918, first in Inca and then in Palma. Agent of KDM Spain in the Balearic Islands from at least May 1 940 intil at least November 1944. Reported to have been zealous in the detention and assasination of liberals during Spanish Civil War, when he worked for the National information services. In export business in Inca, Mallorca. Reported in May 1943 to have engaged in the export business with a certain Walter KLEIN and a certain FERRER. Worked for the Office of Police Attache in Barcelona until 1943. He was interned in Spain in 1945. Reported to have W/T act and to send information obtained from Spanish authorities about British convoys and aircraft. Married to a mallorquin woman. Subject was tall, blond hair, going bald.

DUNGERN, F. von. German Government Counsellor. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

DUNKER, Walter. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

DUPONT, Wilhelm. German Government Counsellor. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

DURBBS (DROBBE), Heinz. Repatriated from Bilbao.

DUSCHEK, Werther Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). OKW agent.

DUVAL, Jean alias Jean COLONNA. French (Corsican), smuggler of pictures, jewels, and motor cars. Reported to be S/po and SD agent and also a member of the Spirito Carboni gang of Marseilles. Closely, associated with Adrian OTELET, who tried to get DAYE, a Belgian journalist, to intervene with the Spanish authorities to prolong his residence permit. Connected with ALISCH and SCHMIDT, with whom he looted the house of Commodore BEAUMONT at Cape d'Antibes. Connected with NEUBER, JUHNKE, BAUER, and de MERODE. Smuggled Marcel LABOURDETTE from Spain into France in luggage compartment of his car.

Married to Russian, lived in San Sebastian over the Hotel Shanti, Miracruz 24 (owner, Loreno ADRIOZOTTA). Now in Madrid, Palace Hotel.

From Information of OSS, Art Unit, dated 20 August, 1945, Individuals involved in suspicious Art activities, Iberian Peninsula: Reported to be engaging in smuggling pictures, jewels and other valuables from France to Spain. Involved with MIEDL."

From Roberts Commission, Subject file: Menten:

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"According to British reports from Madrid, subject engages in illicit traffic in pictures, jewels and motor cars. He is believed to be an agent of the Sipo and SD and is a protege of Ernst ALISCH, alias Ernesto SEILER, important SD official formerly in Paris.

Subject is furthermore reported to have once been a member of the Spirito-Carbone gang in Marseilles, with which his constant companion, the Belgian Adrian OTLET (q.v) and possibly KONINECKX (See MIEDL dossier) may also have been connected. This gang of gunmen, kidnappers and blackmailers included Francois SPIRITO, Jean CARBONE, Francois CARBONE, and Venture CARBONE.

Among other subversive activities they denounced de Gaullists to the Germans and led anti- British and anti-Semitic demontrations.

Subject is reported, 12 September 1944, to be in difficulty with Spanish authorities on account of his residence permit. Carries German passport. Source suggests thnt DUVAL's difficulties with the authorities were due to the fact that MIEDL had entrusted DUVAL with pictures, bonds and jewels to the value of several million francs, which DUVAL undertook to smuggle into Spain. Same source believes that DUVAL intends to double-cross MIEDL and dispose of these articles for his own benefit. British are trying to investigate, 18 October 1944.

Subject's wife holds French identity papers and claims to be of Finnish origin, though she is in fact Russian. He smuggled her into Spain in the luggage compartment of a stolen Citroen at the time of German withdrawal from southern France. They lived lor a short time at Calle Miracruz 24. 3rd floor left, San Sebastian. Were reported at Palace Hotel Madrid, 24 September 1944.

Member of the Dutch Legation in Madrid saw DUVAL's car in Palace Hotel Garage and recognized it as one stolen from himself. According to Pierre DAYE, Belgian journalist who was asked by OTLET to help DUVAL but refused, the Duchman has preferred charges against DUVAL and authorities have asked the German Embassy to remove him from Spain."

DWORSCHAK, Adolf. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

EBER, Edgar Manfred. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Bilbao. Chemist. Born 1910 in Wiesbaden, Germany.

EBEREN, Josef. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

EBERSPAECHER, Fritz. Chief of the Delegation of the Reichs Labor Ministry in Madrid, address in General Goded 11.

EBSEN, Agnes. Repatriated on Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Entered Spain on 21 August 1944 on a collective passport with a group of German women. In charge of the bar of the Deutsches Heim. E-65 on Official List. DOB. Rendsburg, 27 February, 1913.

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ECKERLING, Kurt Eberhardt, alias KATZ, alias ZADEK / ZAHDECK, alias WOHLRAB, alias Kurt KATZ-ZAHDECK and Ben ZAHDECK ROCCA In other documents KATZ- ZAHDEK, Kurt alias Kurt ECKERLING. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Arrested April 4, 1946. In No 6 CIC Neuengamme. Repatriated from Spain on the Highland Monarch. B-84 on agents list and III Priority List. DOB. Moelln, 7 August, 1905 (1915 in some documents).

He said that he was a director of a French importing and exporting concern with credits in Spain amounting to approximately 25,000,000 francs. He was escorted to Bilbao from the Logrono prison and was then released. In Bilbao he had an automobile at his disposal, stayed at the Hotel Carlton, and lived lavishly. Prior to his departure he gave certain information to the American repatriation representative on an alleged passage to the United States of two Gestapo agents.

It is recommended that this individual be carefully interrogated. He made contract with Henri Noques S. A. Paris, Avenue Victor Hugo, based on a turnover of 25 million francs, but this was cancelled in 1943. ECKERLING arrived in Hamburg with very little money but had, he mantained, valuables in his luggage amounting to 4.500.000 francs. This was the remainder of the funds of the Republican Army (Servicio de Informacion Militar or S./.M), and was handed to him by SANCHIS, now in Mexico. ECKERLING mantained that this was the property of the Spanish Underground (C.A/.T). In a letter dated 15 May 1946 US authorities suggested to the Officer Commanding N° 6 Civil Internment Camp, Neuengamme, that ECKERLING's luggage should be impounded until disposal instructions were issued by the Foreign Office.

Internee No 609584 British Civilian Internment Camp No. 6, (Hamburg).

Report of Interrogation by External Assets Branch, Finance Division, OMGUS. 29 May 1946:

" The subject stated that ha was born in Moelln on 7 August 1905; that he resided in France from 1927 to 1936; became a Spanish national in 1937 and was only rapatriated to Germany because he was considered an enemy of the present Spanish Government. Explaining the aliases, Eckerling said that he had been engaged in espionage and counter-espionage work in Spain as an antagonist of the FRANCO regime for years, hence has acquired these names for undercover operations.

ECKERLING was so vague in his discourse -delivered in the pompous manner of the international spy of Hollywood creation - that the interrogators consider any statements of his as being subject to qualification or elaboration. He was unable or unwilling to give any information concerning the existence and cloaking of German asaets in Spain, although he claimed to have been violently opposed to fascism and to have fought against FRANCO and against the German influence in Spain.

In summation, but certainly not in coherence, ECKERLING's admitted activities ran something like that which follows:

Carried false passport giving name as KATZ-ZAHDECK and birthplace as Strassbourg. Entered Spain the last time in 1944 crossing the French border illegally. Fought against the Franco forces in the International Brigada from 1936 to 1939. ECKERLING claimed that from 12 March 1944 until his repatriation he was imprisoned in Spain for Zionist and anti- fascist activities. He added that he had requested repatriation to avoid execution or assassination. For eight months of his imprisonment he was held incommunicado in the Spanish General Seguridad. This term was followed by a stay in the Nan Clares de Laoch

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(right name is Nanclares de la Oca) concentration camp, then imprisonment in La Grona (spelling error: Logrono) from 22 June 1945 until 3 March 1946. To celebrate his exodus ECKERLING lived lavishly for three days before his repatriation at the Carlton Hotel where he squandered Pesetas 1.000 in "good living".

Getting further into the Hemingway role ECKERLING said that ha had been a construction enginear and had built the Avenida de la Luz (Madrid ?). From 1939 to 7 January 1941 he was hidden by from fascist by friends in Spain, and claimed to have contacted the U.S. Military Intelligence in 1940 and to have collaborated with this service. He said that he participated in the Deutsche Friedensnetz, organized in 1941 and operating in France, Spain and Sweden. ECKERLING's activities, so he claimed, have always been directed against fascism although ha admitted working with fascist organizations as counter-spy. Ha gave the names of a Major CLARK A.U.S and a Claude POPLIN both in Madrid as references as to his political reputation.

ECKERLING claimed that ha had belonged to the Servicio de Investigacion Politico y Militar (SIM) since 1937 and that ha had worked for an agent named PRIETE.The interrogators were referred specifically to an agent named RIQUELDO who is supposed to know everything in the financial line.

The subject said that ha had worked In Barcelona in chemical companies and export enterprises in counter-espionage activities. A Colonel SANCHEZ, recently arrested in Spain, was claimed to be a fellow agent of ECKERLING.

The Deutsche Friedensnetz, according to the subject, is under the command of one Manfred von SELLIER (alias SALZMANN).

An association known as Intercommerziale G.m.b.H. was said to be a cloaking device used by the SIM as a center of activity for counter-espionage, (i.e., a fascist company -his fellow agants work there to pick up information).

Tangier and Oviedo have since 1941, been centers of cloaking and camouflage activities, subject said that BALLWEG, German wanted for interrogation, is in Tangier. Skipping facilely to the matter of the looting of objects of art, ECKERLING disclaimed acquaintanceship with Alois MIEDL or other known looters. However, he named one Arnim SCHMIDT as being an art dealer whom he had met in Spain, but stated that SCHMIDT was Jewish, had been interned at Dachau and had only anti-fascist connections.

After the interrogation of ECKERLING, he asked that he be permitted to speak again with the interrogators. He was allowed to do so. At this second appearance ECKERLING urged that one Francisco PARDO, Madrid, be contacted for financial intelligence, PARDO was said to be a SIM agent and secretary of Ministerio de Industria y Commercio, and as such he is an agent with comprehensive knowledge of German contracts in Spain. In MGAX(1) filed at Hamburg, ECKERLING declared ambiguously three automobiles in France under the control of the Maquis. He brought Swiss francs 550 to the Internment Camp."

ECKERT, Hermann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

ECKERT RAVENSTEIN, Paul Oskar. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ). Counsellor. Owner of Metalgrafica Castellana, S.A. Made tin food containers for Blue Division in Rusia.

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According to some reports of unknown reliability in the American files he was a naturalized Spaniard.

EDELMANN, Emil. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

EDERBACH, Fritz Richard. Agent in Spanish Morocco. Il-Unclassified in OSS records. Tetuan. Engineer. Born in Zwickau, July 24, 1908.

EDLER, Arnold. Repatriated on Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Employed as technician at Arganda radio station, Spain. E-5 on Official List. DOB. Lieberose, 21 February, 1900.

EDLER von FILEK / ELDER von FILEK, Albrecht / Alberto. Repatriated on Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Austrian or German agent. B-114 on agents' list. Wife, Mercedes. Brought to repatriation center under police escort. DOB. 27 May, 1889. Involved in several frauds.

EGE, Karl. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 8/8/1905 in Friedrichshafen. Address in Germany, 1946: Friedrichshafen a. B. (French zone).

EGER.Gefr. I-M, KO Spanien, Spanish Morocco, Ceuta (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain).

EGER, Kurt / Albert / Dietrich / Ernst Albert.. German formerly employed as technician by the Spanish Government. Listed for departure on SS Marine Marlin, scheduled to leave the Port of Bilbao about Agust 31, 1946. Repatriated from Bilbao. Marine Marlin deportees categories A, B September 1946. A-107 and IV Priority List. Worked for IM KO Spain. Born April 12, 1907 at Chemnitz, Germany. Was stationed at Coruna. First priority to be interrogated.

EGETMEYER Karl alias Karl GROSS,. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified A and l-B in OSS records. Business with C/'e. Europeanne et Americaine de Commerce. Address: Calvo Sotelo, 37 and Alcala, 97, Madrid. Worked also in San Sebastian. Born about 1908. Left for Germany 22 February 1945 but may have returned to Spain.

EGGENBERGER, Urbano. Agent classified C. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Commercial agent, representing several German machinery and hardware firms. Address: Paz 5, Bilbao.

EGGERS, Franz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

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EGLE, Karl. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850:Minerales de Espaha. Employee. Gran Via 62, Bilbao. Born Konstanz, 8 November, 1908. Passport No S/1906 issued Sevilla 11.6.1938. Member of NSDAP and DAF.

EHLERS, Frl. I-M, KO Spanien (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain)

EHLERT / EHLERS, Friz Otto. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. SD agent classified l-B and IV-B in OSS records. Still in Spain in 1946. Chief of Arbeitsfront. Officer. Journalist-correspondent of Eildienst. Landesgruppenobermann of DAF. Born about 1894. Address: Covarrubias 26, Madrid.

" Sevilla 18, 6 tarde. El jefe del Frente del Trabajo Aleman en Espaha, EHLERT, ha llegado a las 3,30 de esta tarde, en el avion correo de Madrid. Fue recibido por el consul de Alemania en Sevilla y otras personalidades. (...) A las nueve y cuarto de esta noche han llegado los grupos deportistasde las Juventudes Hitlerianas. Vienen en tota], 72, entre los que figuran 28 muchachas. El recibimiento ha sido verdaderamente entusiastico. En la estacion formaron

una centuria de cadetes y otra de flechas del Frente de Juventudes de Sevilla, organizador de los actos en honor de losilustres visitantes, declarados huespedes de honor. Todas las autoridades y jerarquias del Partido, representaciones de la Seccion Femenina, flechas navales y otras comisiones se concentraron en la estacion, para darla bienvenida a los jovenes deportistas alemanes. Estaban tambien representaciones alemanas, entre ellas una muy lucida de la Juventud Hitleriana y del Frente de Trabajo aleman. Al descender del tren los camaradas alemanes, se entonaron los himnos. Despues, en la gran explanada inmediata a la estacion, formaron las fuerzas del Frente de Juventudes y los deportistas alemanes, con sus jerarquias a la cabeza. El jefe provincial del Movimiento, con el delegado provincial del Frente de Juventudes y otros mandos, saludaron a los expedicionarios. El jefe provincial pronuncid unas palabras de afecto al Fuhrery a la gran Alemania, contestandole el jefe del grupo de los deportistas alemanes y una jerarquia del Frente de Trabajo aleman. Seguidamente desfilaron por diversas calles hacia la Escuela Nacional de Mandos del Frente de Juventudes, donde se ha preparado alojamiento a los muchachos. Las muchachas se hospedaran en el Hogar Aleman (...). Durante el desfile se vitored con entusiasmo al Caudillo y al Fuhrer. (ABC, 21 Octubre, 1941 )

EHLERS, Anakathrin. German agent classified B. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Secretary to Walter GIESE. Address: Ciudad Jardin 4, Vigo.

EHLERS, Detlev / Detley. German agent classified B. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Addresses in Madrid and Barcelona, calle Moya 4. Hauptsturmfuhrer Hitlerjunge. Decorated by FRANCO as Caballero de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas con Encomienda. (BOE, 26 Octubre, 1941 ).

EHLERT, Fritz Otto. Chief of DAF in Spain. SD agent classified B. Journalist. Address: Zurbano 34, Madrid. He hid from Allies in Traspaderne (Burgos).

EHLIS, Hans. German agent classified C. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Ironmongery merchant. Address: Paseo de Gracia 105, Barcelona and Pintor Fortuny 4, San Cugat del Valles, Barcelona.

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EHN, Joseph. Agent in Spanish Morocco and Tangier, ll-Unclassified in OSS records. Mechanic.

EHNIMB, Hermann Leo. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 25/3/1886 in Koenigsberg. Address in Germany, 1946: Hofgut Schanze, Bad Schwalbach (American zone).

EHRHARDT, Eugen. Erhardt y Cia. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Gran Via 62, Bilbao. Born Bilbao 18 Feb. 1887. Passport No. 58/38 issued Bilbao 4.8.38.

EHRHARDT, Otto. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Industrial Fomes. Pando 4-2° izq., Portugalete, Bilbao. Born Berlin-Lichtenberg, 28 Feb. 1902. Passport No. 162/39 issued Bilbao 17.8.39.

EHRHARDT, Franz. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

EICHELMANN, Ernst. Repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Kaunowa, 20 May, 1928.

EICHEN, Karl von den. German formerly employed as technician by the Spanish Government.Listed for departure on SS Marine Marlin, scheduled to leave the Port of Bilbao about Agust 31, 1946. Born April 12, 1901 at Grossehoefe, Duesseldorf. Enginee, employee of Junkers, Dessau. German Embassy sent a Verbal Note to the Spanish Ministry for Foreign Affairs on April 4, 1945, in support of the application for a working permit in Spain.

EICHLER, Fritz. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). German consulate in Barcelona.

EICHLER, Hermann. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

EICHNER, Paul. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

EICKOFF / EICKHOFF, Wilhelm / Guillermo. German agent classified C. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Plaza M. Ensanche 9, Bilbao. Born May 1878 at Eversberg. Manager of Erhardt and Cia. On Proclaimed List. German consul in Bilbao up to 1938. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Gran Via 60, Bilbao. Passport No. 924 issued Berlin 28.9.36.

EIJO Y GARAY, Leopoldo. Obispo de Madrid- Alcala, Obispo de Tuy, Obispo de Vitoria.

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From Informe Final CEANA, Comision para el Esclarecimiento de las Actividades del Nazismo en la Republica Argentina: "Esta Unidad de Investigacion siguio buscando pruebas fidedignas que confirmaran el apoyo brindado por Espana a ciertos personajes vinculados al nazismo. Hubo suerte en el esclarecimiento de este hecho cuando se consulto algunos materiales mecanografiados que se conservan en el Banco de Espaha. Nos referimos en concreto a las Actas de las sesiones celebradas por el Comite Permanente del Instituto Espahol de Moneda Extranjera {IEME). En este tipo de reuniones, que por su caracter confidencial y secreto nunca trascendieron a la opinion publica, se discutian, entre otros asuntos, todos los aspectos relacionados con peticiones de viajes, autorizaciones de visado y venta de moneda. Aqui se ha encontrado pruebas claras que vinculan a ciertos miembros de la Iglesia catolica en la proteccion de "refugiados politicos" del nazismo perseguidos y/o reclamados por los aliados. En ese caso se encuentra el Obispo auxiliar de Madrid-Alcala que, segun constan en las actas del IEME del 23 de septiembre de 1947, hizo una "peticion a favor de los Sres. Baron de Groman y Olaff Andersen para el pago en Pesetas de sus pasajes a la Argentina". El IEME "visto el caracter de refugiados politicos de dichos senores", acordo autorizar la cesion de las divisas necesarias para el pago de los pasajes solicitados, con la salvedad de que estas fueran cedidas sobre la base del cambio comercial y con la condicion de "utilizar para el viaje barco espanol" (AHBE, Departamento Extranjero, IEME, Caja 3. Secretana, Actas del Comite Permanente 1947- 1948). Consultando la revista que publicaba el organo de la Accion Catolica Espahola, se ha podido identificar al referido obispo como monsenor EIJO Y GARAY, quien goberno la diocesis durante aquellos anos ( Ecclesia . no. 300, 1947)."

EINHARDT / EINHART, Hubert. Managing Director of Einhart & Co., confidential agents for the Reichsselle fuer Milcherzougnisse, Oelo und Fette. Close to German Foreign Office. Address in Spain: Hotel Palace, Madrid and Calle Daniel Urrabieta 5, Colonia El Viso, Madrid. Born September 12, 1899 in Hamburg. On Proclaimed List and in US list of hardened nazis for repatriation.. In list of German business men working for the Reich to be considered for repatriation. Einhart & Co., were the agents for Goering's 4-Year Plan in Spain {Vierjahresplan), with Branch offices in Madrid and Lisbon. EINHARDT visited the United States in 1939 and figured on the financial of the deal in the Canal Suez transactions. Reported in Spain and Portugal.

EINHARDT, ENGE, and LA GASSE were supposed to be involved with the man who acted as Hermann GOERING's front in the transactions to acquire Suez Canal stock, value 50 million RM (deposited at the Bank of Monaco).

Enclosure No. 2 to Third Person Note dated March 22, 1946, on the subject of "Purchase of Suez Canal stocks by German Interests":

Hubert EINHART: Subject was interviewed on 18 February 1946 by officers of the American and British Safe Haven Section.

Subject was questioned for three hours concerning his life history, his commercial history, and his interests alleged or otherwise in various businesses and commercial transactions in Spain. The matter of his alleged participation in the transfer of 50 million HM of Suez Canal shares was brought up during the interview.

During the preliminary questioning of EINHART with respect to the establishment of the firm of Einhart & Cia., its personnel past and present, etc., and before the Suez case was mentioned, EINHART was asked whether a Dr. or Mr. KEMENA is or was ever an employee or representative of his firm. He immediately denied that any person with that name had

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ever been employed by him. After repeating the name aloud several tinea, he recalled that he had once met a KEMENA at the Hotel Palace in Madrid. He believed this was in 1943. KEMENA, he said, was a "blow-hard" and practically the entire conversation at this one chance meeting was devoted to a one-sided discourse on his family connections and his own importance. He indicated most clearly that he did not like the man and suspected that he was probably engaged in some shady affairs.

Later when he was asked what he knew of the sale of a considerable amount of Suez Canal shares, he again went through the act of repeating aloud the name (Suez Canal) several times as if to prompt his memory. He eventually recalled that on a trip to Paris during the occupation - about three years ago-he had heard considerable talk of Suez Canal shares. His recollection was dim but he was quite certain that KEMENA was in some way involved in the matter. EINHART himself had been approached in a Paris cafe or restaurant by a French "corrector de bolsa" who endeavored to interest him in the sale of Suez Canal shares in Spain. He did not remember the Frenchman's name or how they happened to be introduced. He said he turned the offer down flat as he was not interested in engaging in such transactions and could not see how the sales could be satisfactorily camouflaged. KEMENA did not at any time discused with him the sale or purchase of Suez Canal stocks and it was not KEMENA who introduced him to the Frenchman. However, he did hear lots of talk about Suez Canal stocks and it was apparent that Kemena, working, under MATZKE, was involved. Later he learned that KEMENA was dropped by Matzke due to certain irregular activities of the former. He ran into KEMENA on one or two occasions while he was in Paris but had no dealings with him; he also knew MATZKE slightly, but had no business connections with him either» MATZKE was a protege of POSSE, whom he described as a good and honorable man. POSSE was a sub-secretary under SCHACHT. EINHART referred to MATZKE as "Dr." MATZKE. He laughed when the interrogator referred to KEMENA as "Dr." KEMENA»

EINHART was of the belief that the Suez Canal stock existing in Paris at the time had been acquired by the Germans in Paris or elsewhere in France, said not abroad. He understood from what he had heard while there that a considerable amount of stock had been sold to Russian interests. He recalled having heard that a Belgian, who later went to Monte Carlo, had been deeply involved in the Suez affair. He did not remember the Belgian's name and doubted if he ever knew it.

When questioned regarding a possible purchase in Spain of a large quantity of Suez Canal shares, and the transfer of the shares to France, he denied any knowledge of any such transaction or transactions. He said it was inconceivable that Suez Canal shares would have been purchased in Spain during the war because of unfavorable exchange conditions, and added that any movement of shares would have been, and were, from France to Spain and not the opposite. He then recalled that a Spanish police agent (he did not know his name) had been engaged in carrying shares by automobile from France to Spain at Irun. And that a " corrector de bolsas" of San Sebastian was said to be involved in the sale of Suez Canal shares. He could not identify this man except to say that he is a Spaniard of medium height who invariably wears a scarf over his head during all seasons of the year.

EINHART was told that we had reliable information to the effect that his firm participated in Suez Canal transactions. This he emphatically and categorically denied.

Upon termination of the interview EINHART stated that he possibly might remember more of the Suez Canal affair in which case he would provide us with any additional details that came to mind."

In a letter addressed to the Allied Control Commission, dated 2 March 1946, EINHART stated: "As to the Suez Canal shares I likewise confirm that I have never been involved,

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either as a buyer or as intermediary, in any transaction of this kind. I remember to have heard about three years ago that French-owned Suez shares changed hands into Spain and I am trying to find out details."

EISELE, Otto. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Gruppenfuhrer SS.

EISENBERG, Hans. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

EITZEN, Meino von. German agent classified A. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. Gruppenfuhrer NSDAP at Vigo. Branch manager of Deposito Espahol de Carbonesde Tenerife, Vigo. Born 1902. Address: calle Victoria 34,Vigo. Internedat CaldasdeMalavella, November, 1944.

ELLER, Ferdinand Richard Bruno. Repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Munchen, 4 October, 1910.

ELLINGHAUS, Hans. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Engineer. Madrid. Born April 20, 1904, Cologne.

EMMERICH, Johannes. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

ENDEMANN, Erich. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Bochum, 27 September, 1922.

ENDISCH, Charlotte. Repatriated on Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Son Wolf Dieter

ENDISCH. E-66 Official List. DOB. Meiningen, 10 December, 1921.

ENDRES. Abwehr in Spain.

ENDRISS, Friedrich. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. Local chairman of DAF, Bilbao. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Representative. Maria Diaz de Haro, 29, 1° izq., Bilbao. Born Stuttgart on 25 April 1896. Passport No. 59/36 issued Bilbao on 27.7.36. Member DAF.

ENFRES KNOPP, Jakob. German agent classified A. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Address: calle Provenza 197, Barcelona. Business man c/w German Commercial attache.

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ENGE, Richard M. Condecorated by FRANCO "Caballero de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas con Encomienda" (BOE, 1 1 Septiembre de 1940). Arrived Germany from Spain May 12, 1946. Born in 1885. Address in Germany: Berlin-N, Bastianstrasse 22. Interrogated July 2 1946. Assistant Commercial Adviser in German Embassy in Madrid since October 1933. Not in London II. His daughter married Javier GOMEZ DE LA SERNA (calle Tambre, 6, El Viso, Madrid). Enge denounced: IHLKE and SAUL, commercial and technical managers respectively of Cia de Lanas; FEHLEISEN (smuggling activities in Iberia Mercantil, formerly subsidiary of Sofindus); Werner SCHLUETER, smuggler in chemicals, drugs and "secret things" {sic) and BERNHARDT Gold and ... traffic, denounced by Enge. ENGE, EINHARDT and LA GASSE were supposed to be involved with the man who acted as Hermann Goering's front in the transactions to acquire Suez Canal stock, value 50 million RM (deposited at the Bank of Monaco).

ENGEL, Gerhard. Major. Hitlers Army Adjutant. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

ENGEL, Hans Werner von. Technical adviser to Ansel MAYR. Interrogated by Allied Control Commision about German armaments trade with Spain during war.

ENGEL, Joseph (Jose Maria). Still In Spain in December 19 1946. In files of the Office of Political Affairs, American Embassy, Madrid.

ENGEL, Karl. Reich Regierung Adviser. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

ENGEL, Kurt Wilhelm. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Born 1911 in Frankfurt. Address: Calle Paris 197, Barcelona and Calle Virgilli 24, San Andres, Barcelona.

ENGEL, Otto Leonhard. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 9/11/1919 in Thurow, Pommern. Address in Germany, 1946: Hetbert Howardastrasse 15, Homberg/Hochheide, Niederhein (British zone).

ENGEL von GRIESBACH, Kurt. German agent classified A. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Interned at Caldas de Malavella, March 1945. Address: Balmes 392, Barcelona.

ENGELHORN, Hans. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Muntaner 101- 103, Barcelona. Born February 10, 1888 in Mannheim. Specialist and part owner of Boehringer. NSDAP member.

ENGELSBERGER, Otto. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

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ENGERER, Karl. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

ENKISH. Agent in Spanish Morocco and Melilla. Classified ll-D in OSS records. Mining engineer.

ENLERT FRITZ, Otto. German agent classified B. (OSS records).

EORY, Fritz. German agent classified B. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Export and import business in Tetuan and Tanger. Address: 46, rue Dr. Fumey, Tangier and calle O'Donnell 9, Tetuan.

EORY, Wilhelm. Agent in Spanish Morocco. Il-Unclassified in OSS records. Engineer, Calle Luneta 21. Austrian. Married to a Jewess.

EPPELSHEIMER, Wilhelm Jakob Friedrich. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 31/10/1914 in Kochem bei Mosel. Address in Germany, 1946: Beringstedt, Holstein (British zone).

ERBEN, Otto. Agent classified lll-B in OSS records. Teacher of English, French and German. Commercial agent. Address: Av. General Franco 31, Tenerife.

ERBER, Josef. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

ERHARDT, Eugen Albert / Eugenio Alberto. German agent classified C. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Partner in Erhardt y Cia, Bilbao. Address: Plaza Ensanche 9, Bilbao and Gran Via 62, Bilbao. Connected with SD section in charge of sending and running agents in America.

ERKER, Madame, nee KAZAMAJOU, alias BEDIAH, alias CARMI, alias HOFFMANN, alias OSIRIS. From Records of the American Commission for the Protection and Salvage of Artistic and Historic Monuments in War Areas, 1943-1946. Card File on Art-Looting Suspects, compiled 1943- 1946:

Address: 22 Lungo Adige Re Teodorico 22, Verona

Member of VI Z, Italien Arrested at Milan 26 Apr 45 by Italian partisans; given to French, who released her to work for them; re-arrested by FSS at Genoa 10 Nov 45. Interrogated by CSDIC Nov-Dec 45.

Went to Spain in Apr 44 with a Padre whom she had met through SCHMIDT. Waited at Hendaye for two agents from Marseilles, who turned out to be Roger (MOURAILLE) and his mistress (Julienne GUICHARD) who worked for the S/po and SD. Had a fine collection of jewellry with them, precious stones and pictures, including a Rembrandt. Later, in the summer, subject gave them some jewellry, as instructed to do by SCHMIDT, in payment for their work. Subject believed they were chiefly concerned with paying other agents,

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ERLER, Oswald. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

ERNER, Bruno. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Employed at the San Pablo airfied, Sevilla.

ERNST, Arno. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

ERSTLING, Hermann. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Electrician for German Electrical Co. Born, December 18, 1902.

ERTELT / ERTELD, Walter. German agent classified D. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Expelled from Portugal March 1945. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 9/1/1910 in Wandsbek bei Hamburg. Address in Germany, 1946: Fischhauserweg 9, Berlin N 20 (French zone).

ESCH, Friedrich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

ESSBERGER. Connected with MESSNER and part owner of Depositos de Carbones de Tenerife; owner of a fishing and shipping interest in Spain and considered an ardent Nazi Party member. Owner of John T. Essberger company, Hamburg.

ESCHERICH, Klaus Udo Horst. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Brieg, 28 September, 1923.

ESCHWEILER, Max. Repatriated by air from Spain between 29 January to 25 february 1946-Po. No. 0781. Mentioned as interned in Camp 76, Asperg on March 27, 1946. Interrogated between February and May 1946. British Reports. In Milan from 1933 to 1938 working for Bayer C.O.F.A. S.A. In 1945 hold executive position in Bayer, Barcelona (/.G Farben controlled) of which he was procurist. Also hold power of attorney. NSDAP. Head of the Frente de Trabajo Aleman in Barcelona.

ESDERS, Wilhelm. From OSS Secret IntelligenceSpecial Funds Record 9409: Intelligence agent in Spanish Morocco, Melilla. Classified ll-B in OSS records. Radio operator. I-M, KO Spanien, Ceuta (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain).

ETERKERMANN, Erick. From OSS Secret IntelligenceSpecial Funds Record 9409: Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Machine fitter

EUWENS, Josef. Member NSDAP working for Banco Aleman Trasatlantico. Address: calle Vergos 25, Barcelona. Born about 1901 in Germany. Arrived Barcelona from Buenos Aires in 1935. In Germany during Spanish Civil War. Returned in 1939. Until 1945 he was

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secretary of the Cia. Inmobiliaria del Centra, S.A., in which he was a sheareholder. Also asociated with Drumen, S.A, Portugal

EXNER, Johann. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Plaza Vasconia 1 , Eibar. Born July 24, 1902 at Berndau, Silesia. Married a Spanierd. Three children in 1946, all born in Spain. Sales manager for Armas y Municiones.

FABER, Carl Heinz. German agent classified B. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Living in Alaurin el Grande, Malaga.

FABER, Walter. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

FABIAN, Magret. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. In charge of archives of DAF, Madrid. Address: Argensola 24, Madrid.

FABIAN, Paul. German agent classified B. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. German Embassy.

FAETEG, Ludwig. Marine Marlin deportees categories A, B September 1946. First priority to be interrogated.

FALBE, Gerhard. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

FALKENSTEIN, Ernst. German agent classified B. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Has lived in Murcia and Barcelona, calle Rosellon 439.

FALKENSTEIN, Sigismund von. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

FALLER, Dr. Felix. German agent classified A. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. PO Box 424, Barcelona.

FALLEY, Friedrich. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Wanne-Eikel, 25 September, 1916.

FANGER. Lt. I-M, KO Spanien, Algeciras (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain). Left for Norway in 1941.

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FARNER, Edmund. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: AEG. Electrical engineer. Address: Gral. Concha 18, 4o, Bilbao. Born Hamburg, 16 November 1905. Passport No 541-R231/37 issued Berlin. Member of DAF.

FAULBAUM, Willi. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

FAULL, Pedro R. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Diputacion 239, Barcelona. Managing director of Sedas Guterman S.A. Wife and three children in 1946. DAF and NSDAP member.

FAUPEL, Wilhelm. Generalleutnant. Born: 29 Oct 1873 in Lindenbusch, Liegnitz

Death alleged but not confirmed by documental evidence: 01 May 1945 in Berlin (Suicide)

From OSS /CIA records declassified under Nazi War Crimes Disclosure Act:

To: Maurice HALPERIN, Chief, Latin America Division, Research and analysis Branch, IRIS

From: Stanley RUBINT, Latin America Division, Research and Analysis Branch, IRIS.

Subject: Report on the continued investigation of the Ibero-Amerikanisches Institut, Berlin "Wilhelm Faupel. - Born 10 October 1873. Committed suicide 1 May 1945 near Babelsberg in the outskirts of Berlin. Military advisor to the Argentine Government from 1921-26. Inspector General of the Peruvian Army from 1926-1930. Organized and directed the Frewilliger Arbeitsdienst in Germany from 1931-33. Appointed director of the Ibero-Amerikanisches Institut and its affiliated societies on April of 1934.

Appointed charge d'affaires to the FRANCO Government in Salamanca, Spain, in November 1936 and a few months later elevated to the post of ambassador to FRANCO. Recalled from his post as ambassador towards the end of 1937 by HITLER, allegedy because he meddled in the military operations of the FRANCO army, at the request of FRANCO Returned to his former job in the Institut in April of 1938 against the desire of most of the staff members of the Institut. During his absence in Spain, his post in the Institut was given to a General REINECKE (deceased) who was much better liked by the staff than FAUPEL, but was pushed out upon FAUPEL's return to Berlin by virtue of the pressure the latter brought to bear in high Nazi circles.

Statements by the Institut's staff about FAUPEL, the man and his aims in directing the work of the Institut were very confusing. They presented the picture of a very ambitious man, guided by the ambitions and brains of a more ambitious wife, a patriot and a soldier above all and a passive anti-Nazi, admitting on the other hand his close friendship with Rudolf HESS, his contacts in high Nazi and Wehrmacht circles and his great admiration for FRANCO and the Falangist ideology.

FAUPEL joined the NSDAP in 1 936 prior to his departure for Spain. In close partnership with his wife he directed the work of the Institut and its societies, paying very little attention to the scientific research being conducted by his staff and concentrating instead on political and propaganda activities. By virtue of his previous work in Latin America and Spain he knew personally most of the prominent political figures in those countries and he kept in constant touch with them, especially General MOSCARDO, a high ranking member of the Spanish General Staff, and Ernesto GIMENEZ CABALLERO, well known writer and one of the original founders of the Spanish Falange Party. All his conferences with his foreign guests were conducted behind closed doors, with only his wife and his general secretary present.

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Records of these meetings were kept by his wife, who is alleged to have been the only person fully informed of all FAUPEL's activities. FAUPEL's secret records were never kept in the Institut building and his highly confidential correspondence was handled by his wife.*

The instructions of his office staff were never to open any of the incoming mail without his approval. The secret records, which were kept at FAUPEL's home in Babelsbegg, were destroyed by his sister following instructions given her by FAUPEL before his death. In 1943, FAUPEL made a four week trip to Spain, accompanied by his wife, his general secretary von MERKATZ and one of his many secretaries Elisabeth SCHULER, who presumably is still in Spain. The purpose of this trip is reported to have been a purely personal one, which seems, however, rather unlikely since it included von MERKATZ.

were destroyed during the Allied bombing: " None of the files of the German Foreign Office in the Marburg document center are under the titile from which it could be seen that it pertains to the correspondence of the Ibero-American Institute or Gen. FAUPEL. (...) Knowing that Mr. COLLINS of the American State Department has done an investigation of the Ibero- American Institute I asked him about the results of his investigation. He went to Hamburg but only found there the complete destroyed building of the Hamburg Ibero-American Institute"
 * Early reports claimed all the documents of the Ibero-Amerikanisches Institut in Hamburg

(From Oss Report signed by Jonas STEIGMANN, 31 September 1945 in OSS Washington Secret Intelligence Records > ... Washington Office, Special Funds Division Finance, Intelligence > WASH-SPDF-INT-1: Documents 2385-2430).

it

But the documents kept in Berlin were preserved, according the Stanley RUBINT report: " The files and records of the Institut: The records of the Institut were found in a state of utter confusion. They had been moved into the cellars of the building in anticipation of the battle for Berlin. By the time of our arrival at the Institut, the remaining staff had managed to move about 75% of the records back to the main floor of the building. After my return to Berlin from Nurnberg, I instructed the staff to move the remaining records out of the cellar and to put all the files in order. The records were in very good condition and showed an almost perfect continuity from the time of the Institut's foundation until the end of the war, the only gaps being the correspondenoe files burnt by Frau SELMER on FAUPEL's orders. With the limited amount of time at my disposal, it was only possible to spot check some of the files that appeared to contain information of prime interest. However; this only constituted about ten per cent of the total number of files. It would take from two to three months for one person to carefully examine and evaluate the contents of all the records at the Institut. My investigation revealed the following documents, which seem to disprove the contention that the Institut was purely a scholarly and cultural organization:

1) A directive from FAUPEL instructin his staff to supply him with all the available military or naval information that could be of use to the German High Command.

2) A letter of recognition, addressed to FAUPEL, from the Auslandsdienst for information furnished them by the Institut. (note: the Auslandsdienst was a confidential government publication containing information obtained from foreign press clippings, the monitoring of foreign braodcasts and from private sources. It is interesting to note, that Peter BOCK claimed never to have heard of this publication.

3) An application blank for employment in the Institut, containing a claus whereby the future employee is required to swear not to reveal any information about the work done at the Institut and to. treat all such information as top secret (note: the personnel of the Institut allegedly never knew of such a clause, nor did they at any time make even a verbal secrecy pledge).

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4) A letter indicating the existence of an Institut Vertrauensmann (confidence man or agent) in Paris during the German occupation of that city.

5) . Covering letters to reports sent by the Foreign Office and the Auslands Organisation der NSDAP to the Institut discussing the political situation in Latin American countries and Spain. The actual reports could not be located in the files, and the staff believes that they were destroyed.

6) . Ample evidence to show that the Institut gave financial aid and support to the members of the Spanish Blue Division in Berlin and in many cases paid for their education.

7) . Documents showing the Instituts participation in the recruiting of Spanish and Latin American laborers and doctors for work in German labor batallions and hospitals.

8) . Reports on the activities of Spanish Republican exiles in Latin American countries, especially Mexico.

9) Considerable amount of correspondence regarding the missions of South American army officers to be sent to Germany to familiarized themselves with German military methods and to study at German military academies.

10) Correspondence between the Institut and organizations like the Deutsches Auslands Institut, Deutsche Akademie and Auslands Organisation der NSDAP revealing liaison on problems dealing with the banning of foreign publications considered harmful to the Garman government, checking of the political leanings of Latin American public servants and Germans living in South American countries, etc. These organizations also exchanged reports on foreign personalities visiting Germany with a view of exploiting them for propaganda, activities upon their return to their home countries.

1 1) A letter proving that Frau Edith FAUPEL supplied the Reichssicherheitshauptamt (RSHA) with information on Latin Americans and Spaniards residing or visiting in Germany.

12) Evidence that FAUPEL and the Institut were constantly being consulted the various German government agencies, including the Foreign Office, Propaganda Ministry and Auslands Organisation der NSDAP, on practically all problems relating to Latin America and Spain and to nationals of these countries.

13) Documents showing that FAUPEL personally recommended personnel for employment by Hisma, the Spanish branch of the German Rowag firm. It is known from other sources that both Hisma and Rowag operated for the Abwher.

Frau SEUMER destroyed the following files on orders given by FAUPEL, shortly before the fall of Berlin (all the files listed covered only the period from the last part of 1944 until the capitulation): correspondence between the Institut and the Foreign Office, Ministry of Propaganda, Ministry of Education, Auslands Organisation der NSDAP): Vereinigung zwischenstaatlicher Verbande und Einrichtungel; financial reports to the Vereinigung zwischenstaatlicher Verbande und Einrichtungen, activities reports of the Institut, FAUPEL's correspondence with General MOSCARDO and Ernesto GIMENEZ CABALLERO in Spain (considered to be of special importance by Frau SEUMER), FAUPEL's diary of his trip to Spain in 1943, information on Spaniards in Germany and Germans in Spain and other miscellaneous documents. (...).

Conclusions.

Inspite of the fact that the Institut and its allied societies appear on the surface to have concentrated on promoting Germany's cultural relations with Latin America and Spain, there are several points brought out in this report which place it in the shady category of Nazi

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organizations that should be thouroughly investigated. Such action is necessary not only to establish the actual role played by the Institut in the German plan for cultural and political penetration of Spain and the Latin American countries, but also in order to contribute to the extrication of the complicated structure established by the Nazi party for a higly decentralized and specialized intelligence system on foreign countries."

Activities of FAUPEL and Ibero-Amerikanisches Institut in smuggling gold and assets from Spain to South America : See ARNOLD'S interrogation and MUNOZ-VARGAS Y HERREROS DE TEJADA, Enrique card file.

FAUPEL, Edith. From OSS /CIA records declassified under Nazi War Crimes Disclosure Act:

To: Maurice HALPERIN, Chief, Latin America Division, Research and analysis Branch, IRIS From: Stanley RUBINT, Latin America Division, Research and Analysis Branch, IRIS

Subject: Report on the continued investigation of the Ibero-Amerikanisches Institut, Berlin

"Maiden name: FLEISCHAUER. Joined the NSDAP in 1936, at the same time FAUPEL did. Accompanied FAUPEL on all his missions and is considered by all sources to have been the brains and driving power behind all his ambitions and activities, Reported to have been grooming FAUPEL, in the last years, for his nomination to the post of ambassador to Argentina. She was disliked by the staff of the Institut because of her meddling in politics and the influence she excersized over FAUPEL to further her purely selfish aims. The staff attributed FAUPEL 's removal from his Spanish post to her ambitious machinations.

Her job at the Institut: FAUPEL 's right hand man and guiding spirit; charged with the handling of the problems of Latin American and Spanish students in Germany, the authorization of funds for their support and studies, the educational, moral and political guidance of the latter and in, in general, the handling of all problems presented to her by Latin Americans and Spaniards visiting or residing in Germany. Her main aim was, and for this she was directly responsible to the Ministry of Propaganda, to see to it that visiting students received a thorough National Socialist indoctrination to be used by the German government upon their return to their countries, and that only such persons were given scholarships to study in Germany, who had already shown a certain predisposition toward National Socialistic lines of action. She was also the Institut's liaison with the Reichssicherheitshauptamt (RSHA) in Berlin."

FECHTER, Adolf, Dr. Classified l-C and lll-C in OSS records. Germany army officer. Lecturer. Madrid.

FEDDERN, Rudolf. Repatriated on Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. German seaman interned in Cartagena. According to British reports this individual was a crew member of a German boat responsible for sabotage operations. Brought to repatriation center under police escort. D-3 Official List. DOB. Kiel, 9 November, 1887.

FEHLEISEN, Fritz / Federico, alias KAUTSCHKE. German agent classified B. In Marine Perch file. Smuggling activities in Iberia Mercantil, formerly subsidiary of Sofindus. Attache

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at German Embassy, Madrid. Working for Fomento Comercial e Industrial, Avenida Jose Antonio 38, 3 rd floor, Madrid.

Gold smuggling activities with German Embassy. Madrid. See his letter to consul ENGE, Madrid, dated 28 October 1942:

" To Consul Enge German Embassy Madrid

The contents of the three dispatch-trunk listed in the courier's pass consisted of gold amounting to several million Pesetas. In order to safeguard the great value involved as far as possible I was accocipanied by a guard both in Spain and in Portugal. The Portuguese guard was an agent who was interested in the sale of the gold in Portugal. We had arranged to meet at a place 3 kilometres off the frontier. The agent in question had under any circumstances to be prevented from guessing that the gold passed the frontier as official courier's luggage; for reasons of secrecy I was therefore forced to remove the seal from the trunks after we had passed the Portuguese frontier. By these measures I succeeded in concealing from the agent that the gold had been brought over the frontier in the disguise of official courier's luggage. I therefore submitted only my courier pass to the Embassy in Lisbon, as I could not go to the German Embassy with the agent in order to show the trunks to the authorities there. He/7 Hitler! /s/ Fritz Fehleisen. "

FEHRING, Franz. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

FELCHNER, Julius Ernst. DOB. 1/5/1905. Address in Germany, 1946: Bleichertstr. 43 (American zone).

FELSHNER/ FELCHNER, Dieter. Repatriated from Bilbao.

FELSHNER / FELCHNER, Ute. Repatriated from Bilbao.

FELTMAN, Wilhelm. Gestapo agent and member NSDAP working for Banco Aleman Trasatlantico.Bom Germany 29 March, 1899. Catholic. Commercial advisor to the German Embassy. Address: Breton de los Herreros 45, 4o, Madrid. In contact with Carl von BERG

FERRER From OSS record, dated 5 June 1946: "Subject: Continued collaboration of Barcelona Police (...), who in the past collaborated with AB-Landers in this city, are now assisting them in avoiding Allied control: FERRER: Police agent at present assigned to the Negociado de Extranjeros of the Jefatura Superior de Policia in Barcelona. This individual concerns himself principally with those AB-Landers who escaped from France to this country and who are now hiding in this city"

FESHNER / FELCHNER, Zeuri. Repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1 946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Bremen, 2 November, 1909. Children: Franz Dieter, aged 12, and Kate, aged 2.

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FESTERSEN, Johann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

FETTKOTER, Hermann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

FEUERRIEGEL, Bernhard / Burhard. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. Replaced Detlev EHLERS as head of the Hitler Youth Movement in Spain. Madrid.

FEUERSTACK, Rudolf August Julius. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 21/2/1898 in Halle Saale. Address in Germany, 1946: Promenadestr.4, Auerbach a. d. Bergstr. (American zone).

FEYER, Werner. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Employed at the San Pablo airfield, Sevilla.

FICKER, Rudolf. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

FIDDIKOW, Hermann. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Wolkischer Beobachter.

FIDRMUC, Paul Georg. German agent classified A. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Cooperated with G.I.S. Repatriated to Germany on 6 February 1946. Interrogated in Sttutgart between February and May 1946. British Reports and Nurnberg Interrogation Reports. Born June 28 1898 in Jaegendorf, Austria.

In 1915 he entered the army as a volunteer. After the war he studied at the University of Wien and the Welthandleshochschule. Worked from 1921 for a export/import firm in Luebeck of which he became partner. In 1928 he stablished in own export firm in Hamburg. In the following years (1931-1939) he became the European representative for various English, German, French, etc., trade and industrial reviews. He acted as counsellor on commercial affairs to Czechoslovak Consulate in Hamburg until 1938. Early in 1940 he flew to Portugal as partner of firm G. Brucker Traus Ltda. In March 1945 he went to Barcelona leaving his family in Portugal.

Accounts and safes in Credit Suisse, Zurich ( a private account he tried to transfer to Brucker Dolderwaldhaus, Zurich), Banco Pinto e Soto Mayor, Lisbon (the valuables here were gold, silver and a snuffbox belonging to Napoleon's sister and a locked canvas bag containing possibly loot) and Credito Espahol, Barcelona (stamp collection valued 200.000 to 300.000 escudos).

He owned a business in Hamburg in his own name. In 1 931 (?) he joined up with an Austrian, Camille FRANK and later with a Spaniard called BRUCKER. The company was called 6. Brucker Traus Ltda, Lisbon, of which FIDRMUC owned 35%, FRANK, 25% and

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BRUCKER, 40%. FIDRMUC and BRUCKER and his brother in law, TRAUS also owned Les Fils d'Alfred Traus, Brussels.

The strange case of a merchandise called "sardines". On the 6 February 1946 there were still 3.016 cases of Portuguese sardines in Bilbao free port. They had been sold for 1 .650.000 esc. by G. Brucker Traus to R. Engler & Co., Zurich in May 1944. Address in Barcelona: Hotel Ritz.

FIEDLER, Kurz / Conrad Albert. From OSS Washington Secret Intelligence/Special Funds Records, 1942-1946. Documents 526-550: "The files of Attache Medalie contain the following information: Kurz FIEDLER of Barcelona was reported in December 1943 to have relieved G. PAUL TABOSCHAT as Abwehr Chief In Barcelona. Previously FIEDLER had been attached to the Abwehr in North Africa. Kurz FIEDLER is probably identical with Conrad Albert FIEDLER who became Letter of Stelle Barcelona of K. O. Spanien in July 1943, having previously been in North Africa. Conrad Albert had trouble with his staff in January 1944 and was recalled to Germany. He is reported to have carried German passport A-466, issued in Paris on May 20, 1943. His passport is described in one report as diplomatic, giving him the status of consul. In 1943 Conrad Albert 's address was Calle Balmes 183 Barcelona."

FIESSLER, Christoph. In Marine Perch file. Still in Spain in September 1946. Sofindus and high Party Official. Condecorated by FRANCO "Caballero de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas con Encomienda" (BOE, 1 1 Septiembre de 1940). Chief of NSDAP, Sevilla,

FILIOL / FILLIOL / FILLOL /, Jean Paul Robert, alias PHILIPPE, alias DENIS, alias Robert DESCHAMPS, alias Adriano ROSSI, alias Adriano GROSSO, alias Andre LAMY, nicknames: FIFI, LE TUEUR. Assasin and leader of La Cagoule. Born Bergerac 13 May 1909. Son of Louis FILIOL and Jeanne BEGOUT. He didn't finish his studies at Lycee dAnguleme. Worked as papermaker till 1935.

In Action Francaise from 1927 till 1935 as leader of 17th Cell of Federation nationale des Camelots du Roi (16° arrondissement, district la Muette)., Founder with Eugene DELONCLE and Aristide CORRE of the Parti National Revolutionnaire et Social (PNRS) in May, 1936, party forbidden by the French government a month later.

In July 1936, FILIOL founded with Eugene DELONCLE (alias MARIE), Aristide CORRE (alias DAGORE), Jacques CORREZE (alias LA BUCHE), Henri DELONCLE (alias GRASSET), Gabriel JEANTET (GABES), Francois METENIER, and Dr. MARTIN the

terrorist group L'Organisation secrete d'action revolutionnaire nationale (L'OSARN) , known as La Cagoule, which receive money and arms from other fascist and nazi groups.

In the period 1935-1938 FILIOL committed the following crimes:

In February 1936 he attacked and tried to kill with Leon BLUM with a bayonet.

On January 26, 1937 FILIOL stabbed to death Dimitri NAVACHINE, director of Banque commerciale pour I'Europe du Nord.

He take part in the murder of the Italian anti-fascists Carlo and Sabatino (Nello) ROSSELLI in June 1937. This murder was ordered by MUSSOLINI.

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FILIOL and Marcel GOMBERT killed Leon JEAN-BAPTISTE (October, 1936) and Maurice JUIF (February, 1937), two crooks and arms sugglers accused of stealing La Cagoule's money.

In 1937, before the process against La Cagoule begun and many cagoulards were apprehended, he fled to Spain evading justice.

He returned to France in 1941 (?)., joined the MSR de DELONCLE, but tried a putsch against him in May 1942. P. LAVAL ordered his internment in novembre 1942 at Saint-Paul- d'Eyjaux (Haute-Vienne) camp, but in the spring 1944 he was liberated by Joseph DARNAND, cagoulard, founder and leader of the paramilitary force Mil ice francaise. DARNAND assigned FILIOL as head of the Deuxieme service of the Milice, a sort of Gestapo of the Milice, in Limousin. The Deuxieme service was responsible of torture and murder of hundreds of Resistance members and acted as a paramilitary intelligence service of the Waffen SS and Gestapo.

The 20th August 1944 the militia of the Direction des RS run away from Vichy and escaped to Germany. FILIOL is put in charge of the Militia in Wiesbaden:" SOMMER claims that the 15,000 Frenchmen in Germany did not comprise 10% of the Fascist-minded open collaborationist still living in France. It would have been an easy matter to undertake reorganization with a receptive body of such magnitude, especially since countless other French people were not too enthusiastic over losing their homes and other possessions as their price of liberation. In Germany it was decided to send agents back to France via Italy, through Innsbruck, Verona and Milan, instead through Alsace-Lorraine, thereby reducing the chances of apprehension. The Amt VI offices in Milan, Turin and San Remo were instructed to look out for these agents and assist them in every way possible. SOMMER met some of them in September 1944 and April 1945.

The Milice, possessing the most capable men of all collaborationist groups, had an agency in Wiesbaden under the leadership of two former French officers, DEGANS and FILIOL, who selected prospectives candidates and instructed them in future work. Both DEGANS and FILIOL had formerly acted as liaison officers with Amt VI. Another office of the Milice was established in Milan under KNIPPING." (See SOMMER, Hans, French Collaborationist now in Italy).

The technical organization of this agency is directed by BICKLER and SKORZENY and run by FILIOL, alias DENIS. The training camps were in Wald, near Hartschluitz, Hausen, Krauchenwiess and Wiesbaden

French court convicted him to death in absentia in 1948. He was living in Spain, in San Sebastian, with cover name of Andre LAMY. Married Alice LAMY.

FINAT Y ESCRIVA DE ROMANI, Jose, conde de MAYALDE. Born Madrid, Feb. 11, 1904. Died Madrid, May 30, 1995. Artillery commander. Falangist. Personal secretary to SERRANO SUNER during Spanish Civil War. Named by FRANCO as Director General de Seguridad in 24 September, 1939 (SERRANO SUNER was then Ministro de la Gobernacion).

SERRANO SUNER and MAYALDE were then the most powerful Security Police authorities who asked HIMMLER a direct collaboration with the Gestapo. He was Director until 10 May 1941. Between July 1941 (proposed by SERRANO SUNER, Ministro de Asuntos Exteriores) and October 1942 MAYALDE was the Spanish Ambassador in Berlin.

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His last task as DGS was to sign a general order, dated 5 May 1941, to all Gobernadores Civiles asking to elaborate a census of all jews in Spain (Spanish or not, refugees or living permanently in Spain) in order to assist HIMMLER to eliminate them. " ...[envien a la central informes individuates de] los israelitas nacionales y extranjeros afincados en esa provincia (...) indicando su filiacion personal y politico-social, medios de vida, actividades comerciales, situacion actual, grado de peligrosidad y conceptuacion policial ... Las personas objeto de la medida que le encomiendo ban de ser principalmente aquellas de origen espanol designadas con el nombre de sefardies, puesto que por su adaptacion al ambiente y similitud con nuestro temperamento poseen mayores garantias de ocultar su origen y hasta pasar desapercibidas sin posibilidad alguna de coartar el alcance de faciles manejos perturbadores."

See also, HAMMES, WINZER, LANG card files

FINK, Max Hermann Julius. GIS. DOB. Sept. 15, 1899 in Strassburg (Alsace). Son of Maximilian FINK and Wilhemine FINK-SALM. In Nazi Party from 1933. In China 1937/38 as a professsor in mechanical ingeniery. In Germany 1938-1940. In 1940 worked for the firm Wirtschaftliche Forschungsgesellschaft, Berlin as a scientific member of the Eng. staff, (oil and gasoline plants in Rumania, Netherlands, France, Czechoslovakia). 1941: He entered the military unit Mineralolstammabteilung for the Unternehmen Seelowe (See Operation Sea Lion). 1942, in Russian front. In 1944 in Turkey. Sept. 1944 Internment in Turkey and repatriation to Germany.

FINCK, Theodor. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 10/7/1923 in Riga. Address in Germany, 1946: Distelhausen/ Lauda ueber Wurzburg (American zone).

FINDEISEN, Heinrich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

FINGADO (alias). Abwehr m Spain.

FINK, Franz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

FINKE, Heinrich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

FINKENWIRTH, Rudolf. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugoylas Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

FIRSTER. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. Sub-director of German Tourist Agency, Madrid. Born about 1900.

FISCH, Klaus. German agent classified B. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 23/6/1893 in Sehlen bei Trier. Address in Germany, 1946: Wirtelstr. 22, Dueren/Rhld. (British zone). Address in Spain: Villa de Loose, calle Infante don Juan 20, San Sebastian.

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FISHER. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. W/T operator. Algeciras.

FISCHER, Adolf. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Mechanic. Sociedad Espanola de Electricidad, Brown-Boveri. Madrid.

FISHER, Erich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

FISCHER, Gerhard. Military pharmacist. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

FISCHER, Johann Otto. Repatriated on Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. . German Consulate Employee, Barcelona. E-124 Official List. DOB. Reichenbach, 23 December, 1916.

FISHER, Kurt. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

FISHER, Oskar. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

FISCHER, Otto. Repatriated on Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. In hospital and not interrogated. Member of Airforce Communication Corps. Worked under orders of Kurt van VEERSEN. Also employee of Lufthansa. On Official List: A-133. Wife, Gertrude, daughter, Eike. DOB. Emden, 15 December, 1904.

FISHER, Paul. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

FISCHER, Werner Johannes / Johannes Werner. Repatriated on Highland Monarch 7

March, 1946. German Embassy employee. Listed A-134. DOB. Dresden, 29 February, 1916.

FISHER, Wilhelm. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

FIX, Robert. NSDAP. In German Embassy since 1939. Address given: Jovellanos 7, Madrid (Edelweiss restaurant, see ROTHFRITZ)

FIZ, Albert. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

FIZIA. O/Lt. I-M, KO Spanien, Ceuta and Tangier (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain).

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FLAMME WEISEL, Guillermo. German agent classified C. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Address: Via Layetana 15, Barcelona. Representative of German firms, including Chemische Industrielle G.M.b.H of Hamburg.

FLASSIG, Karl. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

FLATH, Johannes. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

FLECK. Leader of Kraft durch Freude ,KdF in Barcelonal 940.

FLEISHMANN, Augusto. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

FLEISCHNER Julius Ernst. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 1/5/1905 in Duisburg Rhld.

FLEITER GRUWE, Otto. German agent classified B. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Address: Foulgorolas 42 or 43, Barcelona.

FLICK / FICK, Ferdinand Harald / Harold F.L. German agent classified A. Repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Kirn... A-744. FICK. Consul in Las Palmas.Agent l-M, KO Spanien, Canaries, Las Palmas (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain). Founder of Group Flick in Canarias (Mercedes Benz). Decorated by FRANCO with the Cruz de Caballero de la Orden de Isabel la Catolica. Attached to German Embassy, Madrid till 1958. In 1958 appointed Honorary Consul of BRD in las Palmas. Died in 1997.

FLIEGER, Friedrich. German agent classified A and C. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Representative of German firms dealing in surgical supplies. Address: calle San Elias 19, 4th floor, Barcelona and Muntaner359, Barcelona.

FLIGG, Emil. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Steinberg, 15 January, 1920.

FLOHR, Gustav. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Mechanic at Fabrica de Cervezas de la Cruz del Campo, Andalucia.

FLUHRER, Pablo. German agent classified C. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Commercial agent representing several German firms. Address: Marques de Cubas 25-27 and Ibiza 6, Madrid.

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FLUM, Martin. Labor Front liaison. Member NSDAP working for Banco Aleman Trasatlantico.

FOCK, Gustav / Gustavo / Gustave German consul in Sevilla. Married Margarita EICKHOFF. Abwehr agent connected to IM KdM.

FOCK-BIELEMBERG, Gustave. General. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Attached to German Embassy, Madrid. Born about 1885. Address: Calle Fernandez de la Hoz 68, Madrid.

FOERSCHLER ENTEMANN, Pablo / Paul. German agent classified B and C in OSS records. German agent. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Connected with SCHWENZNER. Director of Fortis S.A. Address: Alcantara 5, Madrid.

FOERSCHLER ENTEMANN, Maximo. Agent classified l-B and ll-B in OSS records. German soldier. Engineer. Married to Spaniard. Lived in Madrid for 20 years. Called up in 1943. Crossed into Spain from France August 1944. Born about 1905. Address: Francisco Silvela 5, Madrid.

FOERSTER, Federico. German agent classified C. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Commercial agent. Address: Consejo de Ciento 355, Barcelona.

FOLLMANN, Johann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

FOLMER, Andreas, alias PAT, alias Albert RICHIR. Sonderfuehrer Abwehr IMF (counter espionage France). V-man infiltrated in Reseau Hector.

From OSS records: GABISON acted of behalf of one FOLMER. "FOLMER, who used many aliases is well known to us as a German agent. Among other activities, he was connected with the purchasing service of the SS and he also was reported to be chief of the recruiting bureau for German agents in Paris. He also was concerned with the payment of German agents in Spain. GABISON was one of his men here and one of his duties was to obtain peseta exchange here through the sale of goods brought in France, the proceeds presumably to be used for the purchase of Spanish products and to finance German agents in Spain. As an example (from a letter addressed by the British Embassy at Madrid to the British Consulate at San Sebastian on 14 March 1944 regarding GABISON), we know that PAT (an alias of FOLMER) came once a month to San Sebastian from Paris carrying a diplomatic bag with funds to pay special agents in Spain.

FORENS, Pablo. Spanish agent for Abwehr (General Records Pertaining to External Assets Investigations, compiled 1948 - 1950, documenting the period 1939 - 1950 Series: Repatriates : Spain - General (June 1946- September 1947))

FORNOZA NIETO, Jose. Information of OSS, Art Unit, dated 20 August, 1945, Individuals involved in suspicious Art activities, Iberian Peninsula: "Jose FORNOZA NIETO is probably

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the most important art dealer in Spain today. He stays at Calle Alcala No. 145, entresuelo, Centra, Madrid, where he has over one thousand pictures painted by old masters and modern painters. In 1936 he had no means whatever; today his fortime is calculated at over three million Pesetas. Besides the pictures in Madrid, there are others at Barcelona, Bilbao, San Sebastian and Seville, where he has agents. His newly-acquired fortune is due to the purchases and sales he transacted in Madrid during the Civil War. Then he bought jewels, pictures, furs, etc. etc. without being too particular as to their origin.

Although the police have visited his house on several occasions, they have never been able to find anything there which would compromise him. They have, however, suspected him of buying articles which had been stolen.

During the years 1940 and 1941. FORNOZA sold a number of paintings and porcelain to the German, Chilean and Peruvian Ambassadors, but his best client has always been the Japanese Minister. It is calculated that the latter has bought from him well over two million Pesetas worth of porcelain, paintings and jewels. An individual named PATON is one of his agents in Madrid."

FORSTER, Max. E. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Living in Gandia. Managing director of Frutal.

FORSTREUTER, Ludwig. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

FORTHMANN LEIS, Heinz Robert Wilhelm. Agent IH West Abwehr AMT in Spain and Portugal. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified A and l-B in OSS records .Repatriated on Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. On Embassy May 26, Expulsion List, B-123 Agents' List and III Priority List. Brought to repatriation center under police escort. Internee No. 609506 in British Civilian Internment Camp No. 6, Neuengamme (Hamburg).

Report of Interrogation by OMGUS, External Assets Branch, dated May 31, 1946:

"The subject stated that he was born in 1903 at Essen, and that he had lived in the United states for 14 years (1925-1939), during which time he was employed by the N.V. Potash Export Company of Amsterdam, New York, an affiliate of the German-French potash syndicate N.V. Potash Export Maatschappij, Amsterdam. ? FORTHMANN's most important position with the American firm was that of branch office manager at Norfolk, Virginia.

FORTHMANN returned to Germany in 1938 for what he described as "medical attention", and, so he averred, intended to return but was prohibited from doing so by the outbreak of war. The subject has the unused portion of a round-trip steamship ticket from the United states to Europe on deposit with the authorities at the internment camp. He said that he had never taken any steps toward becoming an American citizen, although professing, with display of sentiment, an eternal "love" for the United States. While securing "medical treat- ment" in the Fatherland, FORTHMANN was also able to make an honest dollar or two, to his way of thinking. Interrupting his visit in Germany for a while, he went out to India in 1 939, returned in the fall of that year, and, so he claimed, tried to sail from Hamburg back to New York but could not leave. He added that he realized that he must then offer his services to Germany but that they were declined by the Military. During the following six years FORTHMANN engaged in most anything that would return a profit and traveled around Holland, Spain and Portugal drumming up business.

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The subject said that he went first to Holland in October or November of 1939, where he established his own business under the style of Forthmann Handel-Suntenehmung at Amsterdam. In this endeavor FORTHMANN bought scarce foodstuffs and resold them at a profit.

As stated to the interrogators and declared on MGAX(1), FORTHMANN now has approximately Netherlands guilders 5,000 on deposit in an account in his name at the Continental Bank, Amsterdam. Along the line sometime (the exact dates are ambiguous) FORTHMANN made an investment in a fishing business in Petsoma, Finland, which firm waa known as Fiska Fish Company. The subject said that he had invested in this business with Viking Raederei, a Berlin firm, and some undisclosed British interests, and that his contribution amounted to approximately $15,000 expressed in Sperrmark. The Finnish business was started in 1938 - (FORTHMANN was not clear as to the time of his participation) - and its capital was said to have been RM 600,000. The subject's investment was, so he declared, in the form of a ten-year loan. Repayment plus interest were to go into his account with the Reichskredit Bank. This bank is supposed to own him about RM 60.000-70.000 presently, which amount was to be payable to FORTHMANN in any designated currenoy or quantities of cod-liver oil.

FORTHMANN left the Netherlands in 1940 before the German occupation and went to Portugal where he operated a short time for German interests in securing tin in exchange for sardines, he sought a residence visa for Portugal but was unable to get it. Failing to get residence in Portugal, FORTHMANN returned to Germany where he was able to get representation of German interests in Spain and to go there circa late 1941 or early 1942.

Although FORTHMANN emphatically denied Abwehr connections, his operations were of such a nature as to brand him as a definite German commercial representative in Spain. Between the time of his first entry into Spain and his repatriation in March, 1946, the subject made frequent trips from and to Germany and Spain. He said that he operated almost wholly as a middleman in Spain in the purchase and sale of cocoa beans, sausage casings and gut for sutures, and scarce foodstuffs. Free-lancer that FORTHMANN was, he was probably not averse to picking up a piece-of-change in most any endeavor. He also said that at one time or another he represented the following in Spain:

Ernest HEUBACH, (electrical machines), Berlin-Tempelhof.

BERKEMEYER, (leather goods;, Berlin-Schoneberg.

SUCHINSKY, (file rejuvenation), Berlin-Stegletz

The subject readily admitted that he operated as a Black Marketeer in Spain, explaining that as a German business man he was expected to pay high prices in return for which he got high prices. In his operations FORTHMANN had the support of the German Government agencies Reichstelle fuer Gartenbau and Reichstelle fuer Tiere. Payment from them and any other German connection was generally accomplished through the German consuls in Spain. The subject told that most payments were made in Pesetas and that his deals did not figure into the Spanish-German Clearing. He added that his cocoa transactions were concluded in and around Avignon, Perpignan and at a sugar factory in Tangermunde. The shipments of goods obtained by FORTHMANN for German purchasers was made to French. After the Allied landings in Europe, FORTHMANN was unable to deliver very much because of the bombing attacks.

In 1943 the subject was imprisoned in Barcelona and fined a large sum for an illegal currency transaction. As explained to the interrogators, FORTHMANN found that he could "do a piece of business" in the sale of cocoa if he would accept payment in Portuguese escudos in

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Barcelona. Feeling-out the black market rate of exchange of Pesetas for escudos, the subject agreed to sell for the latter. He accepted a check for escudos 200,000. This check was then given to one HODEL, Barcelona representative of the Accident and Casualty Insurance Company of Winterthur, Switzerland, for the black market peseta value. HODEL was apprehended by the Spanish authorities and confessed, involving FORTHMANN. Both were fined Pesetas 200,000 and given jail sentenees of four months.

FORTHMANN returned to Germany in late 1943, but made two or three trips to France in early 1944 to expedite the delivery of cocoa beans to Germany. On 15 September 1944 the subject flew to Spain to ship approximately 5.000 kilograms of catgut to Germany. This shipment had to come out in instalments, the last being made in January 1945. sifter the fall of Germany, FORTHMANN was able to secure the ship's charter agency for the Northern Trade Company of Stockholm, Sweden, but had done only a small amount of business before his repatriation.

The subject said that he had made about Pesetas 100.000 while in Spain but that he had not netted much, explaining that his expenses had run very high.

FORTHMANN listed the following assets outside of Germany, which were also declared on MGAX(1)form:

Depository Currency Amount

Banco Aleman Transaf/anf/co, Barcelona Ptas. 10,000

Banco Soto Major, Lisbon Esc. 6,000

Continental Bank, Amsterdam Glds. 5,000

Southern Bank, Norfolk, Virginia Dollars 1,500

In addition to the above, FORTHMANN added that he had a life insurance policy, the cash value of which he disclaimed knowledge, with the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, New York, and Potash Syndicate bonds of about British pound sterling principal amount of 1 ,700 on deposit with the Reichskredit Bank, Berlin.

Despite his activity in Spain over four years, and residence there after the German defeat, FORTHMANN claimed that he knew no details of the cloaking of German assets and emphatically denied that he had ever been approached to act as a safshaven. In connection with Herbert VOGLER.

Address: Hotel Ritz, Barcelona and calle Valencia 279, Barcelona.

FORTHMANN, Luis Heinz. German agent classified B. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Barcelona

FORTHWICK / FORWICK, Erich Karl Moritz. Repatriated on Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. German School, San Sebastian. A-806 on Official List. Wife: Herta Ida, Children: Friedhlem and Paul Ernst. DOB. Hagen, 4 October, 1909.

FOTH, Ernst. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

FRADRICH, Otto. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

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FRAHM, Friedrich. SS N° 137244. Counsellor. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugoy las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

FRAISSINET, Johannes. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

FRANCK, Hans Wilhelm. Marine Martin deportees categories A, B September 1946 Repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Luebeck, 19 November, 1907. B-126 and IV Priority List. First priority to be interrogated.

FRANK, Ludwig. Dr. Agent classified lll-A in OSS records. Teacher of German at Munich Academy, Valladolid.

FRANKE, Klaus / Claus E. Member of Deutsche Treuhand AG and expert in the methods of BERNHARDT. It was said he was hanged right after crossing the French border but was it was wrong: he was still in Spain in September 1946. Another source claimed he was in Berlin in autumn 1946 and was interrogated by British.

FRANKE, Paul. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

FRANKLE, Hermann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

FRANZ, Ernst. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

FRANZ, Rudolf. German formerly employed as technician by the Spanish Government. Listed for departure on SS Marine Marlin, scheduled to leave the Port of Bilbao about Agust 31, 1946. A-140 and IV Priority List. DOB. Ohnastetten, 16 January, 1914.

FRANZBACH, Max alias PAGO. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified A and l-B in OSS records. Born September 20, 1907 in Kiel, Germany. Address: Calle Santo Tome 6, Madrid and Hermosilla 66, Madrid. Mentioned as interned in Camp 76, Asperg on March 27, 1946. Interrogated between February and May 1946. British Reports.

Head of the Finance Department of the Abwehr. FRANZBACH said that official rate of exchange was 4.24 but the Embassy and the Abwehr got 4.87. He also said that from 1942 onwards the total monthly outgoings were approx. 2.500.000 subdivided as follows:

Y. Service 230.000 pts.

Naval Met. Trupp. 50.000

W.T. Operators (Sabine) 80.000

Department I 1.000.000

Department II 50.000

Department III 500.000

Wages and general expenses 700.000

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Total approx.

2.500.000

All money was paid from O.K.W. through the Embassy. In September 1944 FRANZBACH went to Germany leaving as reserves 5-6 million in cash and an arrangement was made in Berlin that Sofindus would pay the Abwehr through the Embassy 16.000.000 marks. The money they had as reserve lasted until the middle of December and then the Abwehr started trying to get money from Sofindus. This was difficult and they managed to get a bit at a time (a total of 9-10 million only).

The only delivery of gold from February 1940 till the end was that collected by PFAU and ZIMMER and totalled 50 Kilos (5 bags).

FRANZBACH said that none of the businesses that were to have been set up by the Abwehr in fact amounted to anything... etc., etc."

FRAPPART, Hans Max. Agent in Spanish Morocco and Tangier, classified ll-B. Chief mechanic at Iberia Air Line.

FRAULOB KRETSCHMENN, Karl. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address:Alameda Mazarredo 7 and Aguirre 22, Bilbao. Born at Gera/Thur, July 22, 1873. Engineer with Montana, S.A. Rabid Nazi. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Passport No. 500/39 issued Vigo 7.3.1939. Member of DAF.

FRECHOU, Paul. Deuxieme Bureau agent Present Address: Unknown. Born: 1918 1.74m oval face black hair beard Career: Member of the Cagoule. Fought in the war until the middle of 1940 and then became a Deuxieme Bureau.Officer in Nice. After the closing of the Deuxieme Bureau, he worked in the Milice Intelligence. Went to Germany end then to Italy and was arrested by Amt VI, but escaped to Spain through France in April 1945. Now working for the Spanish Intelligence Service. Mise: Wife living in Tulle, France,

FRENTRUP, Margarete. Deported in Marine Perch 14 June 1946. Private secretary to the German Military Attache, General DOERR. Worked closely with his assistant Oberst BRAUNE (still in Spain in 1946). Interrogated at Hamburg 39, Blumenstr. 25-29 July, 1946. She was in Spain since 1942. Fiancee in Portugal. Connected to KORTH, Captain LENZ of Abwehr and WINZER. Address in Germany Hamburg 39, Blumenstr. 25.

FRETAG, Emil. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

FREUNDLICH, Martin. Repatriated on Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. E-125 on Official List. DOB. Berlin, 15 June, 1905.

FREY, Gerhard. Repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Martin. DOB. Huzenbach, 25 September, 1927.

FREZ. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

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FRICK, Paul. Repatriated on Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. . German School, Madrid. A-147 on Official List. Wife: Teresa. DOB. Allmendingen, 29 April, 1896.

FRICKE, Enrique. German agent classified C. Working for l-M, KO Spanien, Cartagena (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain). In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Shipping agent. Living in Muralla del Mar 89, Cartagena and other addresses in Spain.

FRIEDL, Karl von alias Kurt von MEZZA SILVA FOERSTER. German agent classified A. Expelled from Portugal for espionage. In Seville April 1945. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Repatriated from Spain by air (dates from January 29 to February 25, 1946). Po. No. 0756.

FRIEDMANN, Hans. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Attached to German Embassy, Madrid. Born about 1910.

FRIEDRICH, Bruno. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

FRIEDRICH, Otto. Repatriated on Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Abwehr mechanic with Lufthansa. A-149 on Official List. DOB. Halle, 12 June, 1909.

FRIEDRICH, Wilhelm. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugoy las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Representative of firm Tobis S.A.

FRIES, Karl. Dr. Counsellor. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1 941 ).

FRISCH, Edmund. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. NSDAP official. Arrived in Madrid December, 1943 from Koln, Germany.

FRISCHKORN, Hans / Johann alias Juan FRIKO. German agent classified C. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Diego de Leon 39, Madrid and Hotel Nacional, Madrid. Born April 19, 1897 at Dusseldorf. Belgian wife Clemie Peters, and young daughter. Served in Condor Legion. Motor car sales agent. Represented Bussing NAG. Worked for SD.

FRITZ, Phillip. Repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Mannheim, 23 May, 1908.

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FRITESCHING/ FRITSCHING / FRITZSCHING, Kurt Guido. Listed twice: as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin and as repatriated from Bilbao, Spain in September 10 1946. . Marine Marlin deportees categories A, B September 1946. DOB. Wittgensdorff, 12 February, 1891. A-151 and IV Priority List. Wife: Lide. First priority to be interrogated.

FROHMUELLER. I-M, KO Spanien, Spanish Morocco, Tetuan (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain).

FROMERL, Johann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

FROMM, Hans Peter. German agent classified B. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Interned at Caldas de Malavella, December 1944. Employed by A.E.G. Iberica. Address: Felix Pizcueta 8, Valencia.

FRURIEP, Erich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

FUCHS, Ewald. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Representative. R. Arias 8, Bilbao. Born Valencia, Spain on 18 October 1912. Passport No. 7730 issued Madrid on 20 February 1935.

FUCHS, Karl Hugo. Repatriated on Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Repatriation requested by American Embassy in List of May 26, 1 945. German Embassy A-1 55 on Official List. Brought to repatriation center under police escort. DOB. Brotterode, 21 June, 1920.

FUCHS, Karl / Carlos Richter. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Technician. Born December 30, 1899 in Munich. Naturalized Spa.niard. Address: Menendez Valdes 61, Madrid.

FUCHS, Paul Karl Reinhardt. Obst/Lt. German. Born 10 December 1899 in PlauenA/ogtland. Son of Carl Paul FUCHS and Anna Julie FUCHS nee LUFT. Wife: Annamaria FUCHS nee ADLER. Children: Eberhardt and Margot. Protestant. 1.76m, 170 lbs, medium build, oval face, brown hair. Occupation: Officer, Merchant. Address: Stuttgart (bombed ouit in 1943), Gut Schloditz bei OelsmitzA/ogtland. Arrested 30 May 1945 in Hersfeld by 78 CIC Det. No identity documents. Date of arrival Camp 93: 20 June 1945. CPI Card 10748. Transferred to Camp 95, Zilgenheim, 14 December, 1945.

Discharged from Army in 1919 as Lt. After his discharge, went to Chile on business for his father. While in Chile he was a member of the Deutscher Klub. He returned to Germany in

1930, joined the NSDAP in 1934. He resigned his Party membership when he was commisioned O/Lt in the German Air Force. After four weeks with 3 Flak Regiment, he was transferred to Stuttgart for assignment in the Abwehr.

1937-1941 With Abwehr IIMor Wuerttemberg and Baden. Supervised security measures in war industries.

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1 941 . In Bordeaux for five months with Abwehr III Wi.

1941-August 1944. Held position of Abwehr Neben Stellen Leiterat Biarritz, facilitated the movements of Abw. and KO agents in and out of Spain. Promoted to Obst/Lt.

August 1944 Fled to German Embassy, Madrid.

September 1944. Returned to Germany and placed under arrest until April 1945 on charges of desertion because of his flight to Spain.

KO Spanien.

A great number of Abwehr personalities passed through Biarritz into Spain during the time that FUCHS was in charge of the Nest. The following were identified by him as members of KO Spanien:

Freg/Kptn LENZ

Obst/Lt KIECKEBUSCH

Obst/Lt ROHRSCHEIDT

Korv/Kptn KELLER (WW in Spain until 1943)

Obst/Lt von WENKSTERN

Obst/Lt KLEINSTUEBER

FUCHS, Rudolf. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 3/2/1921. Address in Germany, 1946: Mauenheimerstr. 18, Koln a. Rh. (British zone).

FUCHS-MEDEN, Alfred Ewald. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Eduardo Dato21, Madrid. Born October 18, 1912 at Valencia, Spain. Owner of the firm Ewald Fuchs-Meden. Had shares in wolfram mine Amparo.

FUDICKAR, Emil / Emilio Adolf ELSAS. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Engineer. Barcelona.

FUEGGEMANN. I-M, KO Spanien, Tangier (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain).

FUHR. SD Gestapo in Spain.

FUHRMAN, Rudolf. Lieut. Col. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. German army. Barcelona.

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FUHRMANN, Paul. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

FULDE, Ewald. Dr. Commander Physician. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941)..

FULDNER, Carl Albert Horst / Carlos. SS-Hauptmann, SD agent classified A. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Classified A 1 10. He arrived in Madrid at the end of 1944 for special duty with Amt VI. He was a former member of the Spanish Blue Division. Posed as businessman. Address: Modesto Lafuente 33, Madrid. He hid from Allies in Tarrasa, Barcelona. Involved in ratlines.

FUNCK JESIONEK, Bernhard. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Avila. Born October 4, 1905 at Bermerhaven. Party member since 1933 and organizer of German propaganda in Avila. (He was living in Avila in 1965 with as representative of Tusa in Calle Eduardo Marquina 16, Tf. 1876)

FUNK, Otto. (Corporal). Repatriated on Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. German Embassy employee, PLANKERT's office. A-156 on Official List. DOB. Eislingen, 19 April, 1914.

FUNK, Walter. German agent classified A. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Whereabouts unknown in 1946. Believed to have Spanish papers..

FUNKE, Josef. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Pizarro 27, Valencia. Manager of Bayer, Valencia. NSDAP.

FURCH, Karl Fritz / Friedrich, alias FUENTE, alias FERRER.. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Repatriated from Spain by air (dates from January 29 to February 25, 1946). Born on July 1, 1907 at Pforzheim, Baden. From 1926 to 1928 he worked as a traveling salesman. In 1928 he moved to Spain where he found work as a clerk. Soon afterwards he obtained employment with a Spanish fertilizer concern as sales manager. When the war broke he was drafted into de Abwehr. 1936 Spent six months studying in France; then returned to his old firm.

1936 Returned to Germany upon outbreak of civil war. Recalled by his Spanish firm after few months.

1937 Worked for Condor Legion through war, mainly at Burgos.

1939 Returned to Germany for a rest and then rejoined his firm in Madrid.

1939 (October) Working for Abwehr in Spain. Became leader of Nest San Sebastian and

worked there until the end of the war.

1945, 2 Jun. Interned at Caldas de Malavella

1946, 2 Feb. Brought to Madrid and from there to Stuttgart. Interned at Hohen Asberg. (Information from From: Nuernberg Interrogation Records > ... OCCPAC Interrogation Transcripts And Related Records: FURCH, Karl Fritz

Sonderfuehrer (Z). Sfe//e San Sebastian. KO Spanien. Acted directly under orders from Chief of KO Spanien, KLEYENSTUEBER, as of February 1945. Address: Villa Blanca,

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Ategorrieta, San Sebastian. Posed as Commercial (chemical goods) representative. Classified A1 12. Agent classified l-B in OSS records.

FURCHERT, Gergor. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

FUSS, Fritz. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Hofingen, 20 December, 1926.

GABISON GHEZ / CHEZ, Andre. French jew, reported to be engaged in the sale of French art treasures in Spain. Born Paris, March 12, 1907. Passport 03755 describe him as a "comerciante" from Tunisia, showed seven trips between Paris and Hendaye in July 1943.

Believed to be a Gestapo agent. Has a mistress named Yolanda RODRIGUEZ (misspelled Jolanda RODRIQUEZ in some files). By November 1943 subject had made about twenty trips between Spain and France, working for a German service operating under the orders of one PAT, from Avenue Hoche 53, Paris and Villa Chapultepec, San Sebastian. Activities include smuggling of wolfram, jewelry, furs. Is reported to be amasing enormous funds in Spain for postwar Gestapo use.

Subject is married to one Kate LIEGFRED.

His contacts include Michel SZKOLNIKOW, white Russian smuggler, Baron Othon de BAGAERDE, Liberian Charge d'Affaires, LOPEZ BARRON, Michel DASSONVILLE and ARLISCH, both working for the Germans.

Addresses: Jorge Juan 17, Madrid. Previously, Villa Chapultepec, Ategorrieta, San Sebastian.

Also connected with Spanish smuggler working for Gestapo Juan CERVANTES RODRIGUEZ, Madrid.

From OSS records: GABISON acted of behalf of one FOLMER. "FOLMER, who used many aliases is well known to us as a German agent. Among other activities, he was connected with the purchasing service of the SS and he also was reported to be chief of the recruiting bureau for German agents in Paris. He also was concerned with the payment of German agents in Spain. GABISON was one of his men here and one of his duties was to obtain peseta exchange here through the sale of goods brought in France, the proceeds presumably to be used for the purchase of Spanish products and to finance German agents in Spain. As an example (from a letter addressed by the British Embassy at Madrid to the British Consulate at San Sebastian on 14 March 1944 regarding GABISON), we know that GABISON was in contact with PAT (an alias of FOLMER), who came once a month to San Sebastian from Paris carrying a diplomatic bag with funds to pay special agents in Spain. GABISON was reported to have been involved in a deal arranged by Juan CERVANTES of Madrid and Lucio MUNOZ RAMOND of Barcelona relating to the exchange of aluminium for Spanish cotton goods. (...) It all boils down to the fact that both were agents of the German Government and the goods they dealt with (including the aluminium) were undoubtedly the property of the German Government.

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From OSS records, Special Funds, Division Finance, docs. 4051-4100: "Mr. VIEL CASTEL stated that one FORRESTER, american with the OSS, had approached Commercial Counselor HUGUES of the French Mission on the subject of having Andres GABISON transferred from Caldas to Madrid, on the basis that GABISON had saved the lives of some FORRESTER'S agents. Mr. HORWIN stated he knew nothing of this matter. Mr. MILTON said that FORRESTER had called on him but he, MILTON, was opposed to any release of GABISON from Caldas, although he understood that GABISON was now in Madrid for dental treatment. Mr. VIEL CASTEL said that he had assumed FORRESTER was with the OSS because he had spoken of "his agents" and that FORRESTER claimed to be responsible for GABISON S presence in Madrid. Mr. MILTON stated that GABISON had been black-listed for very good reasons, and that he saw no reason for any favoritism being shown him. The American section promised to discuss this subject immediately with BALDWIN, in charge of repatriation in American Embassy."

GABISON remained in Spain, where he died 23 September 1981. He was buried as catholic. He frequented the closest circles of General Franco. (ABC, 23 September 1983 and 3 July, 1964)

an Andre GABISON GHEZ, "Dede Gabison ', in Tunis, but he was imprisoned in Bizerte Concentration Camp at the same time the GABISON smuggler was working for the Gestapo. (See. Jacob Andre Ghez, Au camp de Bizerte, pp. 30, 66, 104) (Note by E. Meyer)
 * It has to be investigated whether the identity documents of GABISON were real or fake. There was

GAEBELT / GABELT, Erich. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Classified B113 Agent's List. Address: Alcala 47, Madrid. Employed at German Embassy Madrid. Delegate of the Association of German Air Industries (Reichsverband der Deutschen Luftfahrtindustrie). Interrogated by Allied Control Commision about German Arms trade with Spain during war.

GAERTNER KLEINERT, Albert. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Owner of Electrotecnica Alemana. Address: Calle Oidores 16, Malaga.

GAETNER KLEINERT, Richard / Ricardo. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. Head of DAF in Malaga.

GAEWERT, Joachim. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Milken, 29 July, 1918.

GAHLEMANN, cover names JUDE, GUDE, MARQUES, MARCO, CO. Freg. Kapitaen. From: U.S. Army. European Command. Intelligence Division, Wartime activities of the German diplomatic and military services during World War II, November 18, 1949: "Subject assigned to / M of Ko Spain until 1943 and then to / M/W Ko in Berlin, subject went to Spain with Freg. Kaptitaen BALTZER".

GAIDE, Josef. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

GALANDER, Max. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

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GALLARDO, Juan. Spanish agent for Abwehr. (General Records Pertaining to External Assets Investigations, compiled 1948 - 1950, documenting the period 1939 - 1950 Series: Repatriates : Spain - General (June 1946- September 1947))

GALLER, Anton. SS-Hauptsturmfuhrer. War Criminal. Commanded the II Battallion of SS- Panzergrenadier-Regiment 35 of 16th SS Panzergrenadier Division Reichsfuhrer-SS, who, on August 12, 1944, rounded up 560 villagers and refugees in the village of Sant'Anna di Stazzema, Italy — mostly women, children and older men — shot them and then burned their bodies. Protected by FRANCO lived in Denia, Alicante, where he dead in 1995. Buried in Denia Cemetery.

GARBE. Agent classified lll-A and IV-B in OSS records. Former director of German School, Barcelona. Former Ortsgruppenleiter of the DAF, Madrid.

GARCIA CALLES, Ertiquiano. Owner of an art shop also dealing in artistic gold objects in Madrid in the calle Santa Catalina (number not known). His private addres: calle Alfonso XII 36, Madrid. Tf. 15047.

GARDEMANN, Erich W. Agent classified l-B and IV-B in OSS records. Director of Hispano- German Cultural Association. Diplomatic councillor of German Embassy, Madrid. Born about 1907. Address: calle San Cristobal 6, Madrid.

GARDER, Erich. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Dortmund, 18 January, 1919. Born about 1907. Address: Calle San Cristobal 6, Madrid.

GARETTE, Joseph. AmtVI agent. Present Address: Unknown. Born: 1914 1.82m oval face black hair brown eyes.

Career: Member of the Action Francaise and later a Cagoulard. As an agent for Amt VI he searched for talent suitable for Amt VI work. In August 1944 he went to Germany with some of the followers of the Jeunesse Europeanne where some of them, were trained for intelligence work and then sent to Spain, wife and one child living in Nimes, France.

GARSKE, Erich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

GARTENO. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Records 1942 1946 226: (German flight of capital and assets in France, Belgium & Spain)

Loot :

"GARTENO was introduced to source by the president of the Spanish Chamber of Commerce at Paris and wished to buy 10,000,000 Pesetas worth of real silk, in garments and material, then at Lyon. He offered to pay the Germans three or four million Pesetas within Spain. Source has seen GARTENO pruduce a paper from the Gestapo stating he is in

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the service of the German Secret Police. It was also said that GARTENO had been a member oi the Maquis and source rates him as a double agent, playing both sides. He is a Spanish Jew, extremely rich, which cash he has obtained through working with the Gestapo and the German authorities and it is possible that he turned to the Maquis in order to protect these riches. He purchased plants and estates in France, once when seized by the Maquis, Garteno produced Maquis credentials and was promptly given every courtesy and escorted to his destination. Source believes he is one of the original black market or smuggling operators, especially in the Cerbere area.

Source stated that most of the Spaniards resident in France, and particularly at Paris, had been close friends of the Gestapo and has collaborated, particulariy in business; that the Spanish-French traffic was principally in the hands of the Spaniards, who dealt also in currency.

Many purchases of large properties and industries in Southern France, particularly in Monte Carlo, Nice and Cannes, had been made by black market and smuggling operators, to protect their fortunes. In many cases these purchases had been made through dummies, because the French law forbidding foreigners to buy. Impoverished families had been compelled to sell. He stated that the French had bought industries and assets in Belgium with funds from the black market."

GASCHE, Heinrich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

GATH, Wilhelm. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

GAUTIER, Georg Ludwig. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 1/6/1921 in Saarbrucken. Address in Germany, 1946: Kempfenhausen, Starnberger See bei Rechberg (American zone). Naval Officer. Entered Spain September 1943.

GEBAUER, Arturo. German agent in List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Classified B 1 14. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Superintendent at electric power works. German agent. Formerly employed by Union Electrica. Address: Paseo de Lugo 63, Las Palmas.

GEBELL, Ricardo. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Estrella 3, Salamanca. Technician with Sierra Gredos S.A. Ex-chauffeur to Johannes BERNHARDT.

GEDLICH, Erich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

GEHRE, Fritz. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Orenstein & Koppel A.G. Avenida de Mazarredo 8, Bilbao. Born Berlin 30 Jan. 1904. Passport No. 477 R/231/36 issued Berlin 11.12.36. Member of DAF.

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GEHRING / GEHRIG, Werner Karl Georg. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Chief mechanic at the Maestranza del Aire, Sevilla. Came to S'pain in 1942. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 12/2/1914 in Dulken Rheinland. Address in Germany, 1946: Rheinzabern/Pfalz, Bahnhof (French zone).

GEHS, Elli Henriette. Repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Martin. DOB. Wandsbeck, 25 March, 1903.

GEIER, Wilhelm. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

GEIGER, Emil. German agent classified B. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Repatriated from Spain by air (dates from January 29 to February 25, 1946). Po. No. 0085. In repatriation lists classified B 115.

Born on 29 October 1903 in Wangen/Allgau. Held various positions in consular service: 1931-1935: Consular Secretary, Sofia. 1935-1937: Consular Secretary, Bairuth. 1937-1939: Consular Secretary, Paris. 1939-1940: Consular Secretary, Foreign Office, Berlin. 1940-1 941: Vice Consul, Constanza. 1941-1942: Vice Consul, Malmoe. 1942-1944: Vice Consul, Foreign Office, Berlin. 1944-1945: Consul at the Consulate General, Barcelona. GEIGER was a member of the party since 1935. He was appointed Ortsgruppenleiter in 1944. He has served in the Reichsbund der Deutschen Beamten since 1935 and has held the position of Kassenwaii since 1937. Subject was released to Wangen/Allgau. Address: calle Agullers 2, Barcelona.

GEISEL, Wilhelm. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

GEISENHOPER / GEISENHOFER, Tomas. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. I-M, KO Spanien, Spanish Morocco, Tetuan (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain). Ex-Tetuan Consulate, expelled to Spain, September 1944. Classified B 116 in Agents' list.

GEISS, Georg. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

GELDERN, alias GABERS. Korv. Kpt. In l-M KO Spanien.

GENA, Heinrich. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Technician at San Pablo airfield, Sevilla. Born February 9, 1917.

GENSOROWSKY, Alfred alias GARSIADON, alias ALLICE II. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin.. Marine Marlin deportees categories A, B September 1946. Classified A-117 and A-809 and I Priority List. Born in 1905 in some OSS files.

From CI-CIR/12, 12 January 1946. Headquarters United States Forces European Theater Military Intelligence Service Center. APO 757.Subject: Referat II KO Spanien.

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GENSOROWSKI (fnu) alias DON II. Aussenposten of lll-F KO Spanien 1940-45. Born 1900 in Thuringia 1.77 D. muscular brown hair fair complexion grey eyes

Career ; Worked in San Sebastian consulate. Worked with. Sonderfuehrer SCHALHORN of lll-F, Aust Biarritz

Misc : Married to Spanish woman, 2 children. Probably in Spanish Civil War. Speaks French, Spanish

From: U.S. Army. European Command. Intelligence Division, Wartime activities of the German diplomatic and military services during World War II, November 18, 1949:

" Sonderfueher k. Born on 24 August 1903 in Bernburg. In 1943 subject was chief of a department in the German Consulate in San Sebastian known as the "servicio interior".

Subject worked independently in Spain and was the chief of the German Military Intelligence Service Referatlll Sonderfueher (Z) k in San Sebastian Branch. (British source. 25 November 1943. Subject acted at courier to the German Military Bureau at Irun. He tried to penetrate and to plant false information on G-2 organization in the San Sebastian area. G-2, Madrid was warned.) (British source. 29 November 1944. Subject lived at' Avenida 6 ID, where he also had an office. Head of the local Gestapo.) (Madrid Embassy. 28 November 1944. Subject is a member.of the section of the SS in San Sebastian.) (Reliable source. 12 March 1945. Subject is still employed at the German Consulate and makes frequent trips to Madrid, possible as a courier. Subject was Letter III F Stelle, San Sebastian, KDM Spain since at least January 1 941 . His chief concern was with Allied agents crossing the Spanish France frontier. Reported in April 1945 to be the chief specialist for France, and to have exchanged several million French francs into Pesetas, presumably to finance his organization.)

Review of the subject's case during the interrogation has made the following disposition advisable: Subject is considered an undesirable and obnoxious individual. . He was released on 6 January 1947 with recommendation to be placed under surveillance of regional intelligence agencies. Subject released to Ruesselsheim, Greater Hesse, Bahnhofstr." Address in Spain: Av. del Generalising Franco 6, San Sebastian.

GENZ, Karl. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

GEORG, Helena Frau. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Tangier, Casa Zuccola, 6 rue Jean Jaures. Classified B 118.

GEORGI, Arthur. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

GERDTZEN, Otto. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Address: Hotel Modet no, Vigo. Classified B 119.

GERHARDT, Steffie. Repatriated on SS Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Daughter Karin Dorothea Blanca, aged 17. E-68 Official List. DOB. Hannover, 8 May 1898.

GERHEUSER-SIMON, Monica. Repatriated from Bilbao.

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GERHEUSER-SIMON, Theresia Margarete. Repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Ebersberg 23 March, 1907.

GERLICH, Hermann. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Classified B 120 and B-137. Director of Reichsbahnzentrale fuerden Deutschen Reiseverkehr (German Railway Propaganda Office). Address: Belalcazar 8, Madrid.

From Safehaven Report American Embassy Madrid, Reference No 379 dated January 17, 1946:" Hermann GERLICH, in 1940, was the bearer of the official passport No M-17340, issued by the German Embassy in Madrid on April 6, 1940. It is believed he is in possession of an ordinary passport, the details of which are unknown. He is listed for repatriation under No B-137, as he is reported to be an SD agent. The Safehaven section has requested that he be included on a priority list in order that full information may be obtained (...)."

GERMERLI, Gustav. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

GERSBACH, Albert. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

GERSTUNG / GERTUNG, Karl Ernst. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 4/4/1887 in Freiburg/ Breisgau. Address in Germany, 1946: Oldenburgerstr. 21, Bremerhaven (British zone).

From: U.S. Army. European Command. Intelligence Division, Wartime activities of the German diplomatic and military services during World War II, November 18, 1949: " 1st Lt. Born on 4 March 1887 in Grooslubnitz / Krs Eisenach. Subject was a 1st Lt in the Abwehr.

He arrived in Spain in 1944 with the mission of training Spanish radio men for monitoring services. He was also in charge of the station that had the purpose to detect and intercept messages from clandestine transmitters. One of the clandestine networks that was detected and monitored as the DE GAULLE network connecting seven stations. The intercepted messages were sent to the Spanish General Staff. Subject had good connections with the Spanish General Staff. Subject released to Bremerhaven, Oldenburgerstr 21.

GERTISCHKE, Rudolf. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 10/8/1921 in Gross Lupnitz, Eisenach. Address in Germany, 1946: Nordloh Post Barsel, bei Kremer (British zone).

GESSMAN / GESSMANN, Wilhelm Gustav, alias Jean Charles ALEXANDER, alias FOUSECA, alias Wilhelm ALENDORF, alias Martin Guilherme da SILVA. From: U.S. Army. European Command. Intelligence Division, Wartime activities of the German diplomatic and military services during World War II, November 18, 1949:

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" Intelligence agent. In 1928 subject was recruited for the German Intelligence Service, in 1929 he delivered information to 2 /eme Bureau. From 1930 to 1935 he worked in Paris as double agent for France and Germany. In 1936 subject went to Feldkirch, Austria where he was arrested for being a French agent. After his release he worked as an agent for France, Germany and Austria. In 1938 he fled from Austria back to Paris and assumed the alias of ALEXANDER. He then went to Holland and Belgium to work for the 2 ieme Bureau. In 1939 he was sent to Borutschko. In 1940 he worked for the Czechs and then worked for the Czechs and Germans. In 1941 he made a trip to Berlin under the alias of FOUSECA. In 1942 he worked as an agent for the Czechs German, Polish and as to his statement for the American intelligence. In 1944 he made a second trip to Berlin under the alias of ALENDORF. In 1944 he went on a mission for German intelligence to Barcelona. In March 1945 he again went on a mission for German intelligence. In February 1946 he made direct contact with U. S. representatives in Lisbon. In August 1946 he was. arrested by the political security police.

The following recommendations and comments were made before he was released: subject was thororghly interrogated by 7707 I CIC, APO 757, U.S. Army. GESSMAN is absolutely unscrupulous and without moral intricacy. In the opinion of thei nterrogators, even, the given.testimony of GESSMAN contains sufficient incriminating evidence to disqualify him unconditionally for future intelligence work in any capacity whatsoever. It was suggested by the Screening Center that GESSMAN should be placed under surveillance for a period of time. Since he was an Austrian he was transferred to Austria. U.S. intelligence agencies were notified of this transfer".

Under alias ALENDORF, Wilhelm was a German agent classified A. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Connected with Buchholz Book sellers, Madrid.

From Roberts Commission's card files on art looting suspects:

"GESMANN, Wilhelm, alias ALEXANDER, Jean Charles, alias ALENDORF, Wilhelm.

Ind. Spain.

Representative of Buchholz Booksellers. See Karl Host BUCHHOLZ. 40-50 years old. Young face, rather red, clean shaven, abundant light grey hair, tall, stout. Also card at German Desk

Worked with several countries. Known as an international spy.

(Sources:)

C/1 21 51/23 28-4-45

XX 9933 - Third Army Report on subject, 3 Oct 45."

GEYER, Paul. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

GEISSLER / GEIBLER / GEYSSLER, Kurt / Curt. RSHA. Former Kriminalrat with Gestapo Headquartersand police attache in Bucharest. Hauptsturmfuhrer SS. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugoy las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

GEYER, Friedrich. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Siemens. Travelling salesman (Schuckert-Werke ) Capt. Murga 4, Algorta (Bilbao). Born Esslingen/ Neckar6 Sept. 1887. Passport No. 260/6 issued Stuttgart 21.6.39. Member of DAF.

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GIEBLER, Hermann. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: N. V. Philips. Bilbao. Born Cappel 20 Aug. 1908. Passport No. 8200 issued Madrid 18.7.35. Member of DAF.

GIELEN, Alfred. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

From Goebbels' Propaganda Ministry who represented West Germany until the mid-1980s.

GIEREND, Erich Hermann. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 26/5/1926 in Gonnesweiler Rhld. Address in Germany, 1946: Roemerstr. 128, Gonnesweiler, Rhld. (British zone).

GIERSIEPEN, Alfred / Alfredo. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: San Agustin 2, Madrid. Born April 27, 1891 in Madrid. Married Maria LOPEZ-PAZO One daughter, Dolores. Lawyer for firm Adolfo Hielscher. Member of NSDAP and DAF. With shares in Compania Franco-Espanola del Ferrocarril de Tanger a Fez.

GIESE, Alfred. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Abwehr agent, classified A 121. Spionage activities in Spain and South America. Manager of wine firm of SCHOLTZ Bros. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Address: Paseo Miramar, Malaga

GIESE, Erich. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Mining engineer for Sofindus, Address: Calle Horacio Nelson, Tenerife and Hoteles Camacho or Oratava, Tenerife.

GIESE, Heinrich / Enrique. Involved in concealing funds and looting. Information from a letter from William GALBRAITH, American Consul in San Sebastian to Walton BUTTERWORTH, Charge d'Affaires, American Embassy, Madrid, dated 17 March, 1945. included in Roberts Commission, Subjects files: Spain:"

"On March 16 in the San Sebastian Customs there was held a public auction, a valuable collection of Persian rugs worth some Ptas. 100,000 being involved. Enrique (presumably Heinrich) GIESE a German whose address is Calle Montesquinza 46, 3°, Madrid, attended but was unsuccessful in purchasing the rugs as the Police exercised their option of taking them (It seems that the Police, when they are the ones who have caused the confiscation of goods, have prior rights of acquisition). One can only guess for whom the Police took the rugs. Procedure in connection with tho sale appears to have been a little irregular in that bids were taken before the Police were asked whether they wished to exercise their option. Among the bidders were private persons and a representative of the German Consulate in San Sebastian. GIESE is said to be a German contact man for all kinds of contraband activities. Further.he is said at present to be procesado for infraction of exchange regulations".

GIESE, Otto. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Address: Villa Elvira, Malaga. German agent, classified B 122. Agent working l-M, KO Spanien, Malaga. (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain).

188

GIESE, Paul. (1875-1947), DNVP and NSDAP. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugoy las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

GIESE, W. In July 1942 GIESE was assigned to Spain with cover/name Alfredo THOMAS.

He was to assume the role of representative of the firm Offo, importers of catgut located at Neukischen. That disguise was adquired trough Dr. SCHWENZNER (misspelled SCHWENZER in original document), owner of a market analysis bureau in Hamburg. SCHWENZNER's specialty was to travel all over Europe and North Africa contacting German in field agents and providing them with occupations.

GILLMEISTER, Paul. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. Director of Lectureships in Alicante and director of German Cultural Center. Address: Apartado 271, Alicante.

GITT, Walter. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

GLADE, Clarence Alexander. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Classified C 123. Merchant. Address: Hotel Palace, Barcelona.

GLANDT, Friedrich. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. W/T operator.

GLASER, Norbert. Radio Operator. Born on 22 February 1914 in Wiesbaden. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Interrogated July 8, 1946. Repatriated from Spain by air (dates from January 29 to February 25, 1946). Po. No. 0091. British Reports, but not in London List. German agent, classified B 124. Address in Spain: Zurbaran 15, Madrid.

In Spain since 1919 with his father Walter L. GLASER, Espalter 5, Madrid, but became a German soldier at the end of 1942.

Trained in Germany for Wireless Operator and Interpreter and sent back to Spain at the end of 1943 to operate a Funkstelle in case of Allied invasion.

In July 1943 he had been transferred to Ast Brussels, 1 1. His father was manager of Stiebel and Co. in Nottingham, in which he had interests. Later he became interested in E.A. Settle, Nottingham, and export agency in which Glaser Sr. and Jr. were working in Spain. Glaser's father owned Walter L. Glaser, Madrid. He had also an interest in E. A. Settle and was closely connected with J. H. KERRY and CARRIER, both of Nottingham.

About firm in Paris called Lieber & Co. The owners of the firm, Oscar and Charles, two Jews, fled from France in 1940. Charles "gave" his share, which was 50% plus 10 shares, to a French girl who was engaged to GLASER, Madeleine VINCENT (now Mrs. GLASER). Oscar was going to give his shares to a Frenchman called COAFFARD, employee of Gneme Rhone, but the manager of Lieber's, a Russian named ROUKINE, falsified papers and took over all the shares himself. ROUKINE worked with the Germans and changed the name of the company to Sofrabo.

He gave information about OTSUP, of Russian origin who adquired Spanish Nationality and THEER, associated with OTSUP in the film trade.

189

Subject released to Wiesbaden, Kaiserfriedrich-ring 44.

GLASER BREDOW, Walter L. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Espalter5, Madrid. Born about January 31, 1890 in Munster. Dealer in lace, also fur trader and commission agent for German and French goods. Considered a more fanatic Nazi than his son Norbert, who was recently repatriated.

GLOSS, Heribert / Herbert. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Born December 28, 1911, Kempten, Germany. German agent, classified B 125. Interned at Caldas de Malavella, March, 1945. German State Railway representative. Formerly worked in London on German Railroads company. Address: Paseo de Gracia (misspelled Garcia in some docs.) 22, Barcelona and calle Balmes 236, Barcelona..

GNUSCHKE, Kurt Hermann Heinrich. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 24/2/1917 in Danzig. Address in Germany, 1946: Klagenfurt Ost. (British zone)

GODAFFROY, connected with the Deutsches Kohlen Depot in Spain and Depositos de Carbones de Tenerife. Connected with MESSNER and ESSBERGER.

GOEDECKE, Richard. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

GOEDEL.Fr/. I-M, KO Spanien (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain)

GOERITZ, Hermann, alias Gomendio PFIEFFER. Listed A 127 in Agents' list. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Attached to German consulate Vice consul in Tangier. In charge of several spionage nets in North Africa. Internment to Caldas de Malavella postponed due to sickness. Address: San Gervasio 45, Barcelona.

GOERITZ, Mathias. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. German agent, classified B 126. Expelled from Tangier, December, 1944. Formerly lived at Villa de San Antonio, Calle Cohete, Limonar Alto, Malaga. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. Formerly director of cultural activities including German Cultural Institute in Tangier and later in Tetuan. Lives in Spain. Born in Dantzig or Nuremberg.

GOERLACH / GORLACH, Helma Paula. Repatriated on SS Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Embassy employee. A-167 on Official List. DOB. Stralsund, 17 September, 1925.

GOETZ, Emil. Repatriated on SS Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. D-4 on Official List. DOB. Wien, 7 December, 1901.

GOETZE / GOETZ, Heinz Walter. Repatriated on SS Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946.

190

E-70 Official List. DOB, Posen, 16 May 1905. Brought to repatriation center under police escort. Released May, 1946. Address in Germany: Witzlebenstrasse 3, Berlin- Charlottenburg. During several months, after the war, the subject provided information to the American Embassy on German personalities, inventories and activities. He and his common- law wife received special treatment due to persons of proven informational value to Allies.

GOLLY, Fraulein. Agent classified lll-B in OSS records. Head mistress at the German College, Malaga. Address: Pension Monte de Sancha, Malaga.

GOLTZ von der. I-M, KO Spanien (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain)

GOHLSCH, Willi. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

GOHRING / GOEHRING, Rolf. Commander Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

GOLDAMMER, von. Major. Hotel Palace, Madrid. German agent classified A. Listed as A128 in Agents' list.

GOLOBACH, Walter. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

GORONDZIELSKI, Friedrich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

GOSCH, Max. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Acumuladores NIFE. Gral. Concha 28, Bilbao. Born Meldorf, 1 April 1901. Passport issued Bilbao 30.9.35

GOSCH, Reinhold. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Marine Marlin deportees categories A, B September 1946. Obertzsuppenfueher SA. Born on 28 (22 in OSS records) June 1911 in Altona. Subject was a member of the K.O. Spain until February 1944. W/T radio operator for Abwehr, Madrid. A-171 and III Priority List. DOB. Hamburg-Altona, 28 June, 1911. Subject released to Hamburg 43, Schwanenstr. 9. Has been in Tangier and Bilbao. First priority to be interrogated.

GOSS, Fran Ritter von, Dr. Agent in Spanish Morocco and Tangier, V-Unclassified in OSS records. A DNB representative.

GOTTMANN, Eugenio. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Photographer. Born 1885, Diedsheim, Germany. Address: Pastor y Landero 15, Sevilla.

191

GOTTSCHALL, Walter. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 15/8/1904 in Dresden. Address in Germany, 1946: Obermarktstr. 24, Minden / Westfalen (British zone).

GOTZ, Emil. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

GOTZ / GOETZ, Kurt. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugoy las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Consular secretary.

GOUTSCHAAL / GOUDSCHAAL /HOUDSCHAAL, Hikko Enno. Repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Martin. DOB. Emden, 19 December, 1889. A-1069 and IV Priority List.

GRABER, Leonard. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

GRADOLPH, Emil August. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent of KdM Spain. Interned in Caldas de Malavella in January 1945. B-145 on Agents' List. Arrested April 4, 1946. In No 6 CIC Neuengamme. Internee No 609421. Repatriated from Spain on the Highland Monarch. 7 March, 1946. Brought to repatriation center under police escort. From 1941 he managed Unitas Ltda. (capital 2.000.000 pts) which was owned by Mawick & Co. Tetuan (capital 7 to 8.000.000 pts) the property of the German MAWICK, who lives in Barcelona.

Report of Interrogation by OMGUS, External Assets Branch, dated May 28, 1946:

"Subject, a citizen of Germany, whose wife and children are Spanish, stated that he was born 21 May 1894 in Stuttgart and that he left Germany in 1914 and did not return until repatriated in March 1946. He said that he had resided in French Morocco until after the outbreak of war but that he was forced to leave there when American interests concluded and agreement with the French for deliveries of oil provided that certain Germans were expelled from French Morocco, GRADOLPH, who alleged that he was a commercial agent for Spanish companies, said that he was also employed by Hisma, (predecessor of Sofindus), from 1937 until its dissolution in 1940.

GRADOLPH disclaimed any activities as a German agent on the French and Spanish borders in Morocco, explaining that he had been commissioned by the Spanish government to purchase black market grain along the border. The subject further stated he had supplemented his income by a grocery business he operated as a sole-proprietorship at Arcila until 1943. He estimated the turn-over of this business to be approximately Pesetas 300.000 annually. GRADOLPH also denied that any but isolated shipments had been made to Germany, adding that he had once used his ihfluence and connections in Morocco to obtain a coastal vessel which could transport a load of goat skins to Germany.

In 1940 Gradolph became associated with Mawick and Cia., Ltda. (also known as Unitas Ltda.), Cardinal Cisneros 9, Tetuan, Spanish Morocco. He stated that the Mawick firm had, in 1940, received a flour mill in Alcazarquivir, Spanish Morocco, from Hisma in payment of a debt. This mill was said to have been in bankruptcy for the previous twenty years. GRADOLPH explained that he was employed as a technical director to put the mill, (called Unitas Ltda.), into operation together with an adjacent noodle factory.

192

Concerning the corporate organization of Mawick, GRADOLPH told that the company had been founded in 1940 at Tetuan as Mawick, Lupo, u. Kompanie with an original capital of Pesetas 450,000. Franz MAWICK, a German national, was said to have contributed Pesetas 250,000. one STUESSEL, (given name not known to GRADOLPH). contributed Pesetas 100.000, as did another German national whose name the subject could not remember. GRADOLPH disclaimed any capital participation in the Mawick business. He further stated that the capital had been subsequently increased to a total of Pesetas 2,200.000. In reply to a question as to whether Mawick is still in operation, the subject said that he assumed that it is but that had there been a sale it would undoubtedly have been cloaked. He listed as the most probable purchaser one Oswaldo DOLID, and added that the sale would have taken place in Sevilla.

According to GRADOLPH the Mawick firm banked at the Hispano Americano Bank I Banco Hispano Americano, Madrid.

The subject was asked to supply such information as he could concerning Franz MAWICK, (individual). Gradolph asserted that MAWICK had come to Barcelona, Spain, in 1920s had a personal fortune of from 7 to 9 million Pesetas, and owned a company Franz Mawick in Barcelona and another in Sevilla, (name of which Gradolph did not supply). These companies were .said to have engaged in dealings in pelts, gut and sausage casings. Franz MAWICK, so GRADOLPH believed, may also have an interest in a bus company in Barcelona. Franz MAWICK, according to the subject, purchased a house in Barcelona for Pesetas 500,000.

GRADOLPH said that he believed that Franz MAWICK had concealed much of his personal fortune in Switzerland, Argentina and the United states, The subject was unable to further amplify this statement except to add that MAWICK had dealings with one SKOLNICK, New York, a dealer in gut and sausage casings, who may be a safehaven for MAWICK. Gradolph is convinced that Franz MAWICK contributed only an approximate 50% or less of the aforementioned Pesetas 250,000 in the original capital of Mawick and Cia., Ltda., Tetuan. MAWICK was characterized as an individual who would not risk an investment wherein his funds amounted to more than 50% the capital. The subject said that MAWICK was a representative for a firm, (name unknown), in Stettin, Germany. Gradolph claimed that he was once approached by Franz MAWICK who expressed an interest in the acquisition of gold, but that he refused to take any part in such transactions.

STUESSEL, referred to above, was said to have come to Spain in 1930 and to have been a representative of the company in Stettin. It was also believed by GRADOLPH that the third Mawick and Cia. partner represented the Stettin company. STUESSEL, so the subject stated, traveled very often.

In 1944 GRADOLPH was expelled from Spanish Morocco and came to Madrid. He added that he was without funds or employment and that he obtained a menial position of sweeping floors at the German Embassy in Madrid.

GRAEBNER / GRAEBENER, Otto. German. Arrested by the French on 21 August, 1944. Son of wealthy German family, owners of foodstores in Carlsruhe. Had an Abwehr aussweiss to get him out of the fighting forces. Conected with MIEDL.

GRAEBNER, Otto. German, born Karlsruhe 1903. During the war, travelled in the peninsula as a business man. Reported by the French as member of the German Intelligence organization.

From Records of the American Commission for the Protection and Salvage of Artistic and Historic Monuments in War Areas, 1943-1946. Subject File: Menten. (Attachement 2, dated 13 February 1945: Report on looted Works of Art in Spa/n-MIEDL Case):

193

In contact with Trebijano Hijo (food distributing company) and Sociedad Industrial Alianza, Lisbon (food manufacturers). Received letters from England during the war. In 1943. contacted American in Madrid in connection with peace talks which were to be initiated by AUER and QUIRING of the German Foreign Office.

In contact with von NEUBER. KALLAB, Fritz WERNER (Biarritz), and a Mile. SHIRER, 4 rue de Tilsit, Paris. Visited Madrid, Barcelona, Bilbao, San Sebastian, and Lisbon. Crossed the Franco-Spanish Border very frequently.

Was arrested in Hendaye 21.8.44, at the same time as KONINCKX. FFI sources report that 50,000 Pesetas were offered if he were allowed to escape to Spain. While in jail, he wrote a letter in English to Mme. Mary ARDANZA, Miraconde 1, San Sebastian. While in San Sebastian, he lived with Irene BUCHER. He is now in prison in Paris.

GRAF, Arthur. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

GRAF, Konrad. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

GRAFF / GRAF, Heinz. Repatriated on SS Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. German Embassy employee. PLANKERT's office. A-172 on Official List. DOB. Bad Hamstett, 26 October 1918.

GRAFF, Max. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

GRAF BEISSEL von GYMNICH, Joachim. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

GRAMM, Erich. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Botnang, 23 August, 1923.

GRANZOW, Ernst. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

GRASSEL / GRAESSEL, Georg Johann Siegfried. Repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Hof-Saale, 19 May, 1912. A-986.

GRASSI, Alexander. French Jewish officer who helped get MIEDL out of prison in France on 21 August 1944. Later confirmed by the French Service in Madrid to be Alexander GRASSI, 2eme Bureau agent, disgraced. He had a jewelry shop in Madrid: Union Relojeria Suiza, Avda. Jose Antonio, 29. His home was in Calle Genova 15, Madrid.

GRATZ, Hermann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

194

GRAUF, Georg Fridrich Wilhelm. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 19/6/1893 in Nurnberg. Address in Germany, 1946: Geuderstr. 10, Nurnberg (American zone).

GRAUMANN, Colonel. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. German Army. Address: Hotel Ritz, Madrid.

GRAUPE, Alfred Bruno Ernst. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 25/1/1901 in Geiersberg/Schlesian. Address in Germany, 1946: Sinngruen 3 bei Gerl, Regensburg (American zone).

GREINER family. Related to cork business and cloaking activities. See SCHULTZ.

GREISER, Hans. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

GRENZ, Willi. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. 12 February, 1914.

GRIEBEL, Gottfried. Cptn. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1 941 ).

GRIESSHEUBEL. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Madrid.

GRIESSMEYER, Ludwig. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

GRIMM, Fritz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

GRIMM, Hans. Agent classified l-B and I l-B in OSS records. Freight control officer. Born October 1, 1913, Bremen, Germany. Address: Rafael Calvo 42, Madrid.

GRIMM, Hans Friedrich. Repatriated from Spain by air (dates from January 29 to February 25, 1946). Po. No. 0765. Worked from 1935 in Honduras for the German firm Theodore Koehncke and Erich Paysen, then until 1937 for the firm Ernst Merz, also German. In 1941 he founded a firm in Lisbon, Cibul S.L. with Hans SCHOLZ.

GRIMM, Harold alias GRASSHOFF. Repatriated by air from Spain between 29 January to 25 february 1946. Interrogated between February and May 1946. British Reports. Owned a parcel business. Engaged on secreting money abroad for Nazi Officials. He accumulated special funds in Spain as a nest egg for Nazis and other German officials. The real value of parcels dispatched was for below amount of money received. He demanded Swiss francs or Pesetas at an exorbitatnt rate of exchange.

195

GRIMM, Josef. German agent classified B. Listed as B130. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Ex-Tangier. Interned at Caldas de Malavella December, 1944.

GRIMM, Walter. German formerly employed as technician by the Spanish Government.Listed for departure on SS Marine Marlin, scheduled to leave the Port of Bilbao about Agust 31, 1946.

GRIPP, Hellmuth. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

GRISCHAU, Friedrich Wilhelm. . Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 29/10/1914 in Eichdorf Prov. Posen. Address in Germany, 1946: Wiesenstr. 1, Hannover-Uferlaazen (British zone).

GROBIEN / GROBIAN, Hermann Melchers. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Repatriated from Spain on the Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. DOB. Bremen 2 July, 1904. Worked from 1923 to 1933 with Bohm & C/'e, Venezuela, subsidiary of G.H & L. F. Bohm Hamburg. Reported by a reliable source on 5 November 1943 to be employed in von ROHRSCHEIDT's counter-espionage section of the Abwehr. In September 1944 the British Embassy in Madrid requested the apprehension and internment of this individual. A-131 on Agents' List. A-178 on Official List and III Priority List. Brought to repatriation center under police escort. Wife: Dorothea GROBIEN, employed as a secretary in the German Embassy. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Political leader of the Ausland organization of the Party. Attached to German Embassy, Madrid. Address: Calle Velazquez 69, Madrid.

GROKEL / GROEKEL, Heinz. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801- 2850: Nova, S.A. Technician. Calle Gobela 24, 1° izq., Las Arenas (Bilbao). Born Wittenberg, 2 Feb, 1905. Passport No. 69/35 issued Bilbao. Member of DAF.

GROM, Adolf. Dr. Textile expert. Representative of Phrix. Madrid.

GROSBOSCH, Viktor. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

GROSCOURTH, Helmuth. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

GROSS, Franz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

GROSS, Hans. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address:Calle Vicente 113, Valencia. Born June 22, 1901 in Lindenberg. Married. Representative of Productos Agricolas. Member of NSDAP, DAF and DHV. Formerly Nazi leader in Valencia.

196

GROSS, Richard. German agent classified B. Listed as B133. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Address: Valle de Castello 102, Madrid. Interned September, 1944.

GROSSE, Clara. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Montana S.A. Office worker. Arechavaleta 2, Bilbao. Born Koeslin, 30 Oct. 1878. Passport No. 122/40 issued Bilbao 1.8.40. Member of DAF and NSF.

GROSSE GRAHN, Georg. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Corcega 348, Barcelona. Employee of Unicolor and Chief of Nazi Press and Propaganda. Born about 1902. Married Friedel DENNERLEIN, daughters Friedel and Margarete. He remained in Spain until his death in September 25, 1996. Iglesia Evangelica Alemana. (Obituary, Vanguardia, 26 September 1996)

GROSSHOPP. Agent in Spanish Morocco and Tangier, classified ll-D. Engineer. . Worked on fortifications in the Spanish zone.

GROSSMANN, Paul. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

GROSSMANN, Wilhelm. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

GROSSPAETSCH, Karl Heinz Albrecht. Agent classified l-B and ll-B in OSS records. Businessman. Born about 1908, Magdeburg, Germany. Radio technician. Around 1936-1940 in Colombia. Arrived in Spain in 1941.

GROTH, Berend. German agent classified B. Listed as B133. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Son of Ernst BEREND

GROTH, Ernst. German agent classified B. Listed as B134. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Employee of J. AHLERS. Address: Marina 31, Santa Cruz de Tenerife.

GRUBE, Wolfgang. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

GRUBELNIG, Hermann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

197

GRUBER, Matthias. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Maths Gruber S.A. Gran Via 44 - 3°, Bilbao. Born Martinszelle (Bayern), 7 July 1878. Passport No. 17/36 issued Bilbao 12.5.36. Member of DAF.

GRUBER, Viktor. Viktor Gruber y Cia. Ltda From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Alameda Urquijo 40-2° dcha., Bilbao. Born Pamplona, 4 May 1907. Passport No. 107/40 issued. Bilbao 10.7.40. Member of DAF.

GRUCHALLA, Alfons Gerhard. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 17/3/1910 in Berlin. Address in Germany, 1946: Buechenbronnerstr. 26 bei Bechthold (American zone).

GRUETZNER, Domingo. SD Gestapo in Spain. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Address: Mariano Cubi, 98, Barcelona.

GRUNDERT / GRUNERT, Wilhelm Ludw. Otto. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 9/3/1927 in Langburkersdorf b.Neustad. Address in Germany, 1946: Aspergerstr. 54, Ludwigsburg / Wurtt.

GRUNER DEUTSCHEL, Eduardo. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. On Proclaimed List. German agent classified C. Listed as C136. Address: Balmes 90, Barcelona. Representative of German firms, including Mimosa. Transferred business and property to Comercial Fotografica S.A. NSDAP member.

GRUNERT, Ernest. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Rodriguez San Pedro 14, Madrid; and Pontevedra. Born in Lengde, Hannover, January 20, 1912. Married to a German. Repatriated to Germany from Colombia in 1942. Was monitor of foreign broadcasts in Germany for five months; then went to Spain in 1943 as employee of Montes de Galicia. Left firm in August 1944.

GRUNEWALD, Heinrich Johann. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 8/5/1925 in Schwarzenhasel. Address in Germany, 1946: Schwarzenhasel bei Rotenburg a. d. Fulda (American zone).

GRUNOW, Hans. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

GRUNWALD, Leo. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

GRUSS, Josef. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

198

GRUTZMACHER / GURTEMACHER, Helmut Otto Franz. German formerly employed as technician by the Spanish Government.Listed for departure on SS Marine Marlin, scheduled to leave the Port of Bilbao about Agust 31, 1946. Entered Spain March 20, 1943. DOB. Stettin, 26 April, 1906.

GRUTZMACHER, Hermann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

GSCHWANDTNER, Rupert. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

GSCHWNDER, Camillo. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

GUDE, Hans. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Attached to German Embassy, Madrid. Born May 17, 1899.

GUENTHER, Heinz. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 1/5/1924 in Elgershausen/ Kassel. Address in Germany, 1946: Corbacherstr. 70, Elgershausen/ Kasse l(American zone).

GUNTHER / GUNTHER / GUENTHER, Otto. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Technician employed at the San Pablo airfield, Sevilla.

GUERKE, Herbert. German formerly employed as technician by the Spanish Government.Listed for departure on SS Marine Marlin, scheduled to leave the Port of Bilbao about Agust 31, 1 946. A-1 000 and IV Priority List.

GUGELBERGER, Margaretha Bertha. Repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin.. DOB. Loffingen, 5 September, 1912. A-745.

GUGMAN, Capt. Classified l-C in OSS records. German army officer, detained in Carcel de Ondarreta, San Sebastian.

GUGOLD / GUEGOLD, Christoph Siegfried. Repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1 946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Thalheim, 26 June, 1916. A-1 123.

GUICHARD, Guido. From Hans SOMMER's CI interrogation: PPF member; Amt VI agent ; Spanish Intelligence agent.

Present Address: Madrid. Born: 1914 oval face very wavy black hair career: Became a member of the PPF in 1 941 : Was arrested on the charge of helping to assinate DORMOY, the former Socialist Minister of the Interior. Set free in 1 942 for lack of evidence. Worked for Amt VI in France and later in Spain. Dropped for being inefficient and joined the Spanish Intelligence Service. Wife living with him in Madrid.

199

GUMPERT, Conversion, Frau. German agent classified B. Listed as B138. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Address: calle Cristobal Colon 31, Tangier.

GUMPERT, Francisco, jr. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. German agent classified B. Listed as B139. Address: calle O'Donnell 9, Tetuan.

GUMPERT, Leopold. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain.

GUMPERT, Luis. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. German agent classified B. Listed as B140. Address: calle O'Donnell 9, Tetuan.

GUMPERT, Luis, jr. . In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. German agent classified B. Listed as B141. Address: calle O'Donnell 9, Tetuan.

GUNDEL / GUENDEL, Herbert. Counsellor. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1 941 ).

GUNDLACH, Kurt. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Montana S. A. Geologist. Ercilla 9, 1°, Bilbao. Born Rostock, 15 April 1910. Passport No. 196 Rl 243/38 issued Berlin 17.5.1938. Member of NSDAP and formerly SA (1933-38).

GUNTZWILLER, Lt. Agent in Spanish Morocco .Classified l-C in OSS records. Former liaison officer with Division Azul. Tangier.

GUSSEK, Heinrich von. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Barcelona

GUSTEDT, Viktor. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

GUT, Wenzel. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HAACK, Hans. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Counsellor.

HAARSTRICK, Wilhelm. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HABERMANN, Kurt Karl. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 20/5/1906 in Graudenz. Marine Marlin deportees categories A, B September

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1946. Cashier at the German Embassy in Madrid before TUCHOLKA. Interned Camp 76. Interrogated June, 25 1946. Address in Germany, 1946: Tristanstr. Munchen (American zone).

HABMANN, Eugen. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HACKMANN, Wilhelm. Repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Martin. DOB. Bruckhausen, 23 March, 1903.

HAECKEL, Major. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Bilbao.

HAESIHUS / HAESIUS, Karl. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Born around 1915. Came to Spain in 1943. 1-M, KO Spanien, Algeciras (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on /-M Spain).

HAFFNER, Franz Xaver. Repatriated from Bilbao, Spain in September 10 1946 but listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Ingolstadt, 31 December, 1897. Wife: Maria Christina. Daughters: Christina and Elvira Charlotte.

HAGEN, Hermann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HAGT, Paul. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HAHN, Hubert. Dr. Political leader of NSDAP, Madrid. In charge of party finances. Worked directly for Hans THOMSEN. Address: Reina Victoria 35, Madrid

HAILER, Rudolf. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Aguirre 12, Bilbao. Born at Ludwigshafen/Rh., November 30, 1898. 1.G. Farben engineer with Flix. Member of NSDAP and SA. Recommended for priority expatriation. Passport No 5/41 issued Ludwigshafen 9.4.1941.

HAINBUCH, Heinrich. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Frankfurt/Main, 4 December, 1910.

HAINMULLER / HAINMUELLER, Robert. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

HALAMA, Martha. Dr. Agent classified ll-A and lll-A in OSS records. Chemist and Teacher. Doctor in chemistry. Born 1897. Came to Madrid May 1943.

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HALDELD, Adolf. Dr. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1 941 ). Deutsche Allgemeine Zeitung.

HALLANDER, Elof / Eloy. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Plaza de Cataluna 18, Barcelona. Sub-manager of Banco Aleman Trasatlantico, prominent in German semi-official circles. NSDAP member. Member of administration board of Motores Deutsche Werke S.A. Connected with Faustino BALLVE PALLISE, Otto BECKER, Mario RUIZ BATAN, Bias BECERRA VALVERDE, Walter DALAI N SKI, Oskar KEPPLER.

HAMANN, Jakob. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HAMANN, Richard. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Engineer in Tranvias, S.A. Born 1879 in Malihin. Address: Rodrigo Caro 24, Sevilla.

HAMATSCHEK, Josef. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HAMEL, Gerd. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). OKW agent.

HAMFLER, Hermann Gottlieb. SD Gestapo in Spain. Agent classified A and l-B in OSS

records. Officer. Working in consulate. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Repatriated from Spain by air (dates from January 29 to February 25, 1946). Po. No. 0772. Address: Villa San Souci, Calle de Calatrava (misspelled Calatravara) 7, Barcelona.

From: Nuernberg Interrogation Records > ... OCCPAC Interrogation Transcripts And Related Records, Hamfler, Hermann.

"CI-PIR/122 28 May 1946

Headquarters United States Forces European Theater Military Intelligence Service Center APO 757

CI Prliminary Interrogation Report (CI-PIR) No 122 Prisoner: Krim Sekr HAMFLER, Hermann

1. Personal data :

Hermann HAMFLER was born 23 Feb 1904 in Klein-Ringe, near Bentheim. He acquired his early education in tbe public schools in Rathenow, and graduated from the Realgymnasium in 1920. He served as apprentice-technician with several optical firms in Rathenow until 1924, when he applied for employment with the Schutzpolizei in Brandenburg. A year later he was transferred to Berlin where in 1928 he was promoted to O/Wachtm. He remained in this position until 1934, when he applied for transfer to the Kriminalpolizei.

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1 934 Transferred to counter-espionage division of Gestapo, and later to Referat IV-E/3 of SD Hauptamt.

1 935 Promoted to Krim Asst.

1 936 Promoted to O/Asst. .

1937 Promoted to Krim Sekr. Transferred to Legion Condor in Spain and attached to GFP.

1 939 Returned to Berlin and former employment with Referat IV-E/3.

1941 Transferred to Barcelona as Police Attache of the German Consulate General. Appointed Sturmscharfuehrer in SD.

7 June 1945 Interned in Spain.

30 Jan 1946 Repatriated to Germany.

2. Administrative data : Arrest Report dated 6 Feb 46 at Internment Camp 76. He arrived at USFET MIS Center on 26 Apr 46 and was accepted at the request of G-2 (CIB), USFET.

3. Knowledge brief : Organization and activities of Gestapo in Spain.

a. Personalities

b. Cooperation of Spanish Secret Police.

4. Interrogation plan : The interrogation will proceed according to knowledge brief.

5. Comments and recommendations :/The recipients of this report are requested to submit special briefs of any subject upon which prisoner should be interrogated and to indicate the desired distribution of the resultant report.

(Signed George WENZER, Chief CI Section)

HAMMES, Ernst / Ernesto, alias HOLMS Ernst,. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Repatriated from Spain by air February 1946. Po. No. 0783. Arrested CI MIS Det Camp 76, Asperg, 9 March 1946. Card index: CPI Pink cards 83589 and 64762. Interrogated by OMGUS Political Research and Analysis Branch; HQ Intel Div 70 Hq Control Commission for Germany. DOB. 8 November 1911 in Trier. Roman Catholic. Description: 1.80 m, 71 Kg, Slender, face long, brown hair thinning. Father: Ernst HAMMES, mother: Elisabeth HAMMES, nee STEIN, brothers: Franz, Heinrich, Hubert, Emil, sister: Elisabeth (deceased). Mentioned as interned in Camp 76, Asperg on March 27, 1 946. SD Gestapo in Spain. SS U/Stuf&. Krimminal kommissar. Repatriated to Germany and confined in Camp 76, Asperg in February 1946. Arrived at UFSET MIS Center, Oberursel Germany 17 June, 1946. In Nuremberg interrogations.

From CI-CIR/12, 12 January 1946. Headquarters United States Forces European Theater Military Intelligence Service Center. APO 757. Subject: Referat II KO Spanien.

HAMMES (fnu) SS H/Stuf(?) RSHA official Police attache, German Embassy, Madrid, since Summer 44.

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Born 1910 1.80 m slender thinning blond hair blue eyes

Career : 1940-42 Office of Police attache, Madrid.

1942-Summer 44 Agent of Madrid office in Barcelona. Concerned chiefly with political intelligence and secondarily with loyalty of Embassy staff and German colony.

Misc : With Condor Legion in Spanish Civil War, probably as RSHA official. In Madrid until 5 Feb 45. Speaks Spanish

From: Headquarters Military Intelligence Service Center United States Forces European Theater APO 757

"CI-PIR/132 5AugU6

Preliminary Interrogation Report (CL-PIR) No 152 Prisoner: SS U/Stuf& Krim Kom HAMMES, Ernst

1. Personal Data :

Ernst HAMMES was born 8 Nov 1 1 at Trier/Mosel. He received his early education in Trier and later attended the Humanistische Kaiser Wilhelm Gymnasium there. He attended the University of Cologne, but left in I934, before graduation, because of pecuniary difficulties. HAMMES made an attempt to obtain employment with the NS Studentenbund but was unsuccessful. He was rejected for officers' candidate school of the Wehrmacht, officer in the regular police {Schupo), and even as an ordinary employee of the criminal police (Kripo), for reasons ranging from the fact that he wore glasses to his church affiliations and lack of party membership. Finally, through the efforts of an acquaintance who was a police official, he was permitted to take the examinations of the Gestapo and was finally accepted as a Krim Kom candidate in July 1935. Further police training followed and he was appointed Sturmmann (Pfc) in the SD at the end of that year.

1936 Transferred to economic section of the State Police (Staatspolizelstelle) in Trier.

1937 Joined NSDAP.

Fall 1937 Sent to Spain under alias HOLMS, and was subordinated to Legion Condor.

1939 Returned to Germany and attended a police commissioners' training course in Cologne

Fall 1940 Attended the Polizeifuehrerschule at Berlin.

1941 Sent to Aachen and appointed Krim Kom, and simultaneously SS U/Stuf. Jan. 1942 Sent to Spain and assigned to the office of the Police Attache in the German

Embassy at Madrid. Appointed Adj to Krim Rat WINZER.

1943 Sent to Barcelona by Police Attache to attend to matters concerning the Police Attache's office there.

Sept. 1944 Returned to Madrid.

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Oct. 1944 Received orders from Berlin to take charge of the Folice Attache's duties in Madrid after accidental death ofWINZER.

1945 Interned in Spain (June, 1945) and later repatriated to Germany.

2. Administrative data: HAMMES was arrested 9 Mar 46 by CI/MIS Det at CIE 76. He arrived at USFET.MIS Center on 17 Jun U6 and was accepted at the request of G-2 (CIB) USFET.

3. Knowledge brief: Organization and activities of Gestapo in Spain, 1942-1945:

a. Personalities

b. Cooperation of Spanish Secret Police. (...)"

From: From: Headquarters Military Intelligence Service Center United States Forces

European Theater APO 757. CI-FIR/1 40 2 April 1 947

"Prisoner: HAMMES, Ernst, Kriminalkomnmissar, Police Attache

Digest of Report: This report concerns the Office of Police Attache in Spain from 1939 until May 1945. The organization was attached to the German Embassy in Madrid and was directly responsible to the Attache Group of the Chief of the S/po and SD in Berlin. The Office of Police Attache concerned itself mainly with police matters, although there was a certain amount of observation of general trends in Spain. Cooperation with the Spanish police was essentially limited to combatting Communism, other contact with it being chiefly of a social nature. The Office of Police Attache also reported on political trends in Spain, the status and activities of racial and political German refugees in Spain, and made security checks on the employees of German firms and other holders of passports. The routine police work of the Embassy was handled by the Office. Cooperation with members of other German agencies in Spain, such as the representatives of Amts IV and VI, did not always go smoothly. Exchange of information on a high level was kept secret, and HAMMES is not aware of the extent of such exchange. Subversive German elements in Spain, such as the Free Germany Committee, were small and ineffective. So far as HAMMES knows, there was not a great influx of Germans to Spain upon the collapse of Germany."

1 . Biography. See supra Personal Data.

2. History and Organization of the Office of Police Attache in Spain : The Office of Police Attache was established at the end of the Spanish Civil War. Germany gave considerable aid to Franco during that war in the way of materials and a force of men known as the Condor Legion, which consisted of soldiers, technicians, administrative personnel, and a number of police officials. This force was withdrawn after Franco's victory, but a number of its key personnel either remained or soon returned to Spain to further German interests in that country.

Toward the end of 1939 the police chiefs of Germany and Spain, HIMMLER and MARTINEZ-ANIDO, concluded a police agreement whereby police representatives were to be exchanged between the two countries to effect and further the tasks and objects of the IKPK (International Criminal Police Commission). The German and Spanish police

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representatives were officially attached to the corresponding embassies and given the title of Police Attache.

Soon afterwards, Spain .joined the Anti-Comintern Pact, which resulted in additional, duties for the Police Attache. The work consisted of supporting and facilitating bilateral cooperations in fighting international law breakers and Comintern agents which both countries considered dangerous to their existence and aims.

The Office of Police Attache was officially attached to the German Embassy in Madrid and was directly responsible to the Attache Group of the Chief of the Sipo and SD in Berlin. The Attache Group in turn, was the liaison agency for all higher police authorities and other German central offices in Berlin. All requests and orders for the Police Attache in Madrid came through the Attache Group. All communications and reports transmitted to Berlin by the Police Attache were always addressed to the Attache Group. Since Embassy mail channels were used, however, correspondence from the Office of Police Attache first reached the Foreign Office in Berlin, from where it was forwarded to the Attache Group. With the exception of the Attache Group, direct contact with police or other offices in Berlin did not exist. Several copies of reports from the Police Attache were usually written so that the Attache Group in Berlin could distribute copies to interested agencies. In urgent matters, the teletype equipment of the German Embassy was used.

The following offices were in operation when HAMMES arrived in Spain in January 1942.

Madrid: Chief from 1939 until August 1944, Krim Rat WINZER; assistants: Krim Kom

HAMMES, Pol O/lnsp VEY, Krim Sek GUTBIER, Krim Sek SCHMIT, Krim Sek KOENEKE,

Krim O/Asst BAALK, Krim Kom KRUEGER, chief clerk VIONSEK.

HAMMES served as chief in Madrid from October 1944 to May 1945. Hptm. von

KOSCHINSKY, a representative of Amt Ordnungspolizei, was also in Madrid.

Krim Kom HAMMES from beginning 1943 to September 1944, Krim Sek HAMFLER, Krim

Sek POCK. San Sebastian: Krim Asst DENKAR.

Krim Rat WINZER had already been in Madrid, attached to the Embassy since 1939, when HAMMES arrived there in January 1942. WINZER was at that time Kriminallkommissar and had been sent to Spain, with one secretary, as observer of Spanish police activities. After the signing of the Spanish-German Police Agreement late in 1939 WINZER was promoted to Kriminalrat and appointed Police Attache at the German Embassy in Madrid. One or two commissioners and five or six minor officials were assigned to the Madrid office. A number of officials were sent to cities where there were large Spanish police organizations as well as German consulates, and were attached to the latter. Shortly after HAMMES' arrival, the representatives in Bilbao, Valencia, and Badagoz were withdrawn, since the remaining agencies were considered sufficient, and the extra personnel was either employed at Madrid or returned to Germany. At that time, there were only one or two officials in Barcelona, San Sebastian, and Tangier. Late in I943 the Spanish Government, through Allied pressure, ordered the German consulate in Tangier closed, and WINZER's representatives were ordered back to Germany.

Although the Office of Police Attache was originally established to develop professional relationships between the Gorman and Spanish police organizations, the outbreak of the European war caused a considerable drop in the amount of police work performed. Instead, the gathering of information on Spanish domestic and foreign policies became the major activity of German police officials.

In October 1944, while HAMMES was still in Barcelona, WINZER was reported missing while on a flight to Berlin. Although Hammes HAMMES never found out what happened to WINZER, various rumors had it that WINZER had fallen into Allied hands, and that the plane had power dived into the Mediterranean since all radio contact with the plane was broken the

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next day. HAMMES was ordered to Madrid to conduct affairs there until further notice. As early as March 1945, HAMMES issued his first orders to destroy a part of the records because threats from the The Germany Committee through anonymous letters to German agencies were becoming more and more numerous and it was feared that the consulates in which the offices of the Police Attache were located would be occupied suddenly by members of this group. Then word came that Berlin had fallen, the rest of the records were destroyed and the officials given a final payment according to their needs. On 8 Kay 1945, the Office of Police Attache was disbanded.

3. Finances :

Funds for the operation of the Office of Police Attache were transmitted from the Deutsche Bank, Berlin, to the Banco Aleman in Madrid. Every official had an account and two check books for Berlin and Madrid. A check for a specified sum was sent to the Attache Group in Berlin, and the desired sum transmitted to the Banco Aleman in Madrid. WINZER had two accounts, his personal account and an account for running expenses covering all branches of the Office of Police Attache in Spain. Monthly expense accounts were submitted to the Attache Group in Berlin. HAMMES is unable to give figures,,

In May 1944 the Banco Aleman blocked all German assets and the Office of Police Attache was forced to borrow from the German consulate. Shortly before WINZER left for Berlin f the Barcelona branch received back payments, but HAMMES s does not know from where Madrid got the money.

When in October 1944 HAMMES arrived in Madrid to take over after WINZER's disappearance, he, VIONSEK, administrative official, and an interpreter found 3,000,000 Pesetas in the safe of the Madrid office. WINZER had left nothing indicating the origin of the money nor for what purposes it was to be used, HAMMES states that the fund was probably stored for WINZER to dispose of as he saw fit, perhaps to pay his own agents as well as for Amt VI purposes. Berlin instructed HAMMES to use the fund for salaries and operating expenses and also for Amt VI when requested. In April 1945 HAMMES paid SINGER and KRUEGER of Amt VI 300,000 Pesetas each.

From August 1944 to 8 May 1945, HAMMES paid all expenses from the 3.000,000 Pesetas. Since this sum proved insufficient, he procured an additional 4,000,000 Pesetas from the German Embassy.

HAMMES lists approximate expenses from August 1944 to May 1945 as follows:

Salaries, personnel of all branches, August 1944- May 1945 1,000,000 Pts Salaries for 1 ,200 customs officials*from France, January 1 945 - August 1 945 1 ,000,000 Pts

Final payment and aid to women and children (exclusive of Barcelona) 700,000 "

For Amt VI (request) 600,000 "

Barcelona branch 200,000 "

Emergency fund for interned German nationals (later stolen) 200,000 "

Operating and maintenance expenses October 1944 - May 1945 300,000 "

Total " 7,000,000 "

Shortly before his internment, HAMMES gave 200,000 Pesetas, which were to serve as an emergency fund for interned German nationals in Spain, to a certain personal friend, Maria ANDILLA-PERASNEA ( / ANDILLA-PERASNAU, misspellings of ANDILLA PERARNAU), Barcelona, 188, Calle Valencia, for safekeeping. HAMMES claims that this amount was later stolen, since PERASNEA was nowhere to be found when he attempted to contact her from the internment camp through a Spaniard.

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HAMMES claims that he did not make payments to agents in Madrid. A police commissioner in Barcelona who had been transferred from Figueras because of alleged too-close cooperation with the Germans frequently received payments of 500 Pesetas. Most of HAMMES' expenses were for gifts. HAMFLER in Barcelona made more cash payments. The running expenses of the Barcelona branch of the Office of Police Attache ran to 30,000 Pesetas monthly.

officials and members of foreign exchange tracing units {Devisenfahndungskomraandos) fled into Spain. These people were interned in three camps and were unofficially supported by German agencies in Spain. Not until the beginning of 1945 did HAMMES learn that these officials had been placed under the jurisdiction of the chief of the German police in July 1944 and that his office was the responsible administrative agency.
 * With the disintegration of German forces in France approximately 1,200 German customs

4. Duties and Activities : The following were the duties and activities of the Office of Police Attache.

a. To Develop Professional Relationship With the Spanish Police : Official contact was maintained with all Spanish police officials. Some of the leading police officials, however, particularly those who were members of the Spanish General Staff (Alto Estado Mayor), HAMMES met only at courtesy or social calls. Still, HAMMES at one time or other during his stay in Spain met or talked to all of the Spanish police officials. HAMMES maintains that he did not personnally have regular contacts with the Spanish General Staff. Pol O/lnsp VEY and Krim Sek KOENEKE were unofficially assigned to maintain close contact with the chief of the Criminal Police Commissariat (Brigada Criminal), EAGOAGA and his staff. HAMMES and VEY, apart from this connection, were in contact with the officers of the Foreign Division of the Spanish Political Police (Comisaria General Politico-Social) Lisardo ALVAREZ and Tomas CONSUEGRA. Work in connection with the last mentioned office consisted of combatting communism and the activities of Comintern agents. Contact with the chief of the entire Spanish police (Direccion General de Seguridad) Francisco RODRIGUEZ had been only of a social and courtesy nature. However, WINZER, until his death, had been on close personal terms with RODRIGUEZ and his family. This was also true of the members of the Secretariat-General of the Spanish police (Secretaria General) LOPEZ-BARON and SUAREZ, where contact consisted of social and courtesy calls. Because of CONSUEGRA's position as director of the Foreign Division of the Spanish Political Police, contact with HAMMES on such matters as the issuance of passports, travel permits, residence permits, was close. CONSUEGRA is supposed to have been equally cooperative with the Allies also. HAMMES disclaims any knowledge of German agents receiving Spanish identity papers from CONSUEGRA.. Such papers would have been prepared in Berlin. HAMMES did not maintain relations with Lt Col Manuel CHAMORRO of the Spanish General Staff and the Spanish Intelligence Service. CHAMORRO worked with the German Abwehr m Barcelona, and attempted to contact the Barcelona branch of the Office of Police Attache in order to get a lead into France. CHAMORRO occasionally contacted Krim Sek HAMFLER of the Barcelona police office. Maj Carlos MARISTANY also worked with the GIS in Barcelona, but was found to be working for the Allies as well when one of his agents was arrested in France with pictures of bombed German factories, HAMMES had no relations with MARISTANY, HAMMES also met Lt Col CORES of the S/S once at the German Embassy,

The Barcelona office of the Police Attache worked in liaison with Antonio LOPEZ-MORENO of the Spanish General Staff in connection with frontier problems, with HAMFLER as chief contact man. While HAMMES was in Barcelona, he, as well as HAMFLER, was in contact with POLO, Police Commissioner with the Barcelona branch of the Spanish Political Police. Their cooperation consisted of an exchange of information on Communist activities and the activities of the Red Spanish Maquis. POLO received copies of reports concerning Spanish

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Communist activities, which the Office of Police Attache received from Berlin, and from France through the border police station at Perpignan.

In connection with the above activities, HAMMES during his service in Barcelona made nine or ten trips to Perpignan. Most of these trips were made with Krim Sek POCK. A few were made by HAMMES accompanied by a Spanish customs or police official. The purpose of those trips was as follows: familiarization with the border stations, their personnel, and activities; conferences with border officials at Perpignan concerning the situation at the border; inquiries about illegal border crossings and smuggling; checking of statements made by Spaniards and others who tried to cross the border, and checking with Spanish police files, if necessary; filing complaints with German posts on the French side concerning members of their staffs or alleged SD or police officials who made it a practice to cross the border into Spain often for personal reasons; arranging of border crossings into France for agents of the Spanish police or General Staff who were to observe the activities of the Spanish Maquis and whose reports were made available to the Office of Police Attache. Specialized police literature constituted a wide scope of activity and was exchanged freely. HAMMES was given access to most Spanish police files, but never had access to Spanish Intelligence Service records and bulletins. The only intelligence bulletin which

HAMMES had access to was one from the Direction General de Seguridad. This was a low-level type of situation report giving not only police information but also material of a political nature.

Occasionally the Spanish police issued orders demanding the expulsion of German nationals suspected of espionage activities (usually at the request of Allied agencies), and the Office of Police Attache made arrangments for their departure.

Cooperation with the Spanish Safety and Traffic Police (Policia Armada y del Trafico) existed chiefly in an advisory capacity. Hptm von KOSCHINSKY, successor to Obst/Lt HARTMANN, was the representative of the Ordnungspolizei on the staff of the Police Attache. He worked independently, however, and was not subordinate to the Police Attache. Von KOSCHINSKY worked in close liaison with the inspector of the Policia Armada, Col CHINCHILLA, as well as with the chief of the Spanish Traffic Police, Lt Col OSLE.

b. To Observe Spanish Domestic Conditions and Political Trends : Initially HAMMES was not clear about the origin of this particular project, and he does not know whether WINZER began to submit such reports of his own accord or whether he was prompted to do so by Berlin. To accomplish this task German police officials made use not only of the many official contacts which they had established, but also of the numerous unofficial connections in Spanish government, political, social, and private circles, as well as with persons from the German colony and Germans firms. Agents were frequently employed. Since direct payments were not often made to these informers, German decorations as well as gifts were handed out. Subordinate, poorly paid Spanish officials were sometimes given sums of money under the pretext of covering their "expenses". As late as January 1945, LETEL, a Frenchman, approached HAMMES in Madrid, demanding payment of a sum which WINZER had promised to him. LETEL told HAMMES that he had been in contact with members of the French Resistance and that he had agreed with WINZER, apparently before 20 July 1944, to furnish him with information on proposed plots against high German leaders, LETEL was to receive twenty thousand Pesetas for information of that nature. HAMMES was unable to check on the veracity of LETEL's story, but paid him the twenty thousand Pesetas in January 1945.

The Office of Police Attache observed and reported on the following Spanish trends: Monarchist (both trends-Juan III and Carlos VIII); Falangist; Separatist (Catalonian, Basque); Anarchist; Communist; Freemasonry; Church vs State.

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WINZER, until his death, formulated reports on the above subjects from material supplied by his subordinates, the press, literature, personal contacts, and agents. HAMMES' sources were similar, and while in Barcelona he was in contact with Spanish student organizations, the Falange of which he knew a local leader, RAMIREZ, and members of Spanish workers' syndicates. Confidential intimations in Spanish quarters regarding the incrossing activities of agents after the alleged dissolution of the Comintern were considered especially valuable in Berlin. HAMMES recalls one incident which tended to substantiate tho belief that there was an increase in the activities of agents. A foreigner (HAMMES does not recall his name) was arrested by the Spanish police while crossing tho Spanish-Portuguese border into Spain. The individual carried English papers, apparently forged, had come from South America, and had stopped over in Portugal to take care of some business for the Spanish Republican Government in Mexico. He was on his way to report in Madrid.

The experiences of the Spanish Civil War enabled the Spanish Political Police to devise and organize an excellent index, not only of Spaniards, but also of foreign agents who still maintained contacts with various illegal groups existing in Spain. These groups worked more against one smother than with each other. The Spanish intelligence agencies succeeded, in most cases very quickly, in penetrating these groups through betrayals resulting from jealousy, the desire to show off, or through political rivalry.. According to HAMMES, the expenditures of the Spanish section of the Comintern, which was directed by the well-known Communist, Dolores IBARURRI (LA PASIONARIA), were exceptionally high, and although no conspicuous successes were realized the anti-Falangist groups wore gaining potential strength,

Exact data on the movements of these illegal groups was never to be had officially from the Spanish police. Even information bulletins issued by the Spanish police for the Government chiefs did not give a true picture of the activities of the various illegal groups.

c. To Report the Status of Racial and Political Refugees From Germany: The great influx of German racial and political refugees over the French border into Spain after the fall of France in 1940 had already taken place when HAMMES arrived in Spain. Since the large majority of them had left Spain for Portugal and overseas destinations, HAMMES' office wat not concerned with them.

After the end of the Civil War, however, a group of Germans and Austrians, former members of the International Brigade, remained in Spain and were interned in a camp at Miranda del Ebro under the administration of the Spanish Army. After the end of the Civil War, German officials received permission from Spanish authorities to enter the camp to interview tho German internees for repatriation to Germany. HAMMES claims that approximately eighty Germans were repatriated to Germany, supposedly on a voluntary basis as requested by the Spanish Government. HAMMES states that he was personally, in 1942, in charge of a group of approximately thirty Germans whom he conducted to San Sebastian for passage to Germany. HAMMES also statos that he visited Miranda del Ebro only once, but that German consular officials had conducted interviews there, as well as DENKER and KOENEKE of the Office of Police Attache. HAMMES insists that to his knowlodge no forcible repatriations were conducted.

There were approximately one hundred Germans and Austrians left in Miranda del Ebro who refused repatriation to Germany. Most of

these internees, who were living under assumed names and nationalities, were able to contact Allied Red Cross and Jewish aid committees and thereby effect their release. Some of then went to North Africa to DE GAULLE's forces, others were trained in Allied sabotage schools and others, who desired to remain in Spain, associated themselves with the illegal Communist movement.

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4. To Observe Germans in Spain and to Make Security Checks on Employees and on German Passports : In this connection, HAMMES reported Goering, alias GOERITZ, vice- consul at Barcelona and chief of Referat III Barcelona KO Spain to Berlin in 1944. GOERING had been associating very openly with a Frenchwoman. HAMMES wrote to FOERSTER at Perpignan requesting any available information. The German collapse in France broke this investigation off and GOERING was drafted into the German Army but did not leave Spain,

In another instance, HEBERLEIN, who was first councilor of the German Embassy under Ambassador STOHRER, refused orders to leave Spain for Germany after STOHRER had already been recalled. In May 1944, under the pretext that HEBERLEIN's son was ill in Berlin, WINZER got HEBERLEIN to make the flight to Berlin in the plane of the German Air Attache, KRAMER. HEBERLEIN was then interned. Since HAMMES was in Barcelona at that time, he does not know any details of the matter. Later, Dr KEMPE, legation councilor of the German Embassy, on his way through Barcelona told HAMMES that WINZER had acted in accordance with instructions from Ambassador BIECKHOFF. Whether these instructions came from Berlin or not, KEMPE did not say. Nevertheless, WINZER requested Berlin to send a fictitious telegram stating that HEBERLEIN's son was seriously ill in Berlin, On request from the KO the Office of Police Attache initiated steps for mail censorship in Germany of mail for German nationals in Spain, and approved or disapproved visas and passports. The Office of Police Attache was further concerned with the investigation of all German nationals who violated the German penal code or specific provisions thereof applicable to residence in Spain.

5. Cooperation with Other German Agencies in Spain

a. All specific police work connected with the functional duties of the German Embassy was carried out, and included the following: screening of personnel to be employed, both German and Spanish; handling of passport and visa matters; permits for relatives of Embassy members to leave Germany; matters pertaining to Germans returning home. The Embassy usually had access to the reports which the Office of Police Attache submitted to Berlin, since Embassy mail channels were used.

b. Cooperation with KO Spain took place only in cases where direct requests for police assistance were submitted. The type of assistance given, often in collaboration with the Spanish police, generally consisted of the following: forwarding results of inquiries concerning the reputation or character of persons which the KO intended to employ; tracing and locating individuals, mostly Spaniards and employees of the KO, who disappeared suddenly; dealing with passport matters; procuring various information from tho files of the Police Attache. Reports received from the KO concerning political conditions in Spain were passed on to the representative of Amt VI attached to tho Office of Police Attache for transmission to Berlin,

c. Some contact was maintained with the NSDAP in Spain. Inquiries of a personal nature, concerning prospective Party members, for instance, were occasionally handled, similarly to those made for the KO. The NSDAP also effected the return to Germany of some German nationals, residents of Spain for a number of years, who had managed to make only

a meager existence for themselves. They were told about more favorable working prospects and conditions in Germany and were forced to leave Spain. On pressure from the Allies, several Kreisleiters of the NSDAP, scattered in cities throughout Spain, wore ordered to leave Spain. The Office of Police Attache arranged for travel clearance and the necessary papers.

d. HAMMES does not know to what extent WINZER cooperated with SINGER, the Amt VI

representative in Madrid, except for the fact that Amt VI was interested in the political reports

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which the Office of Police Attache submitted to Berlin. In this connection, in 1943 a dispute between WINZER and the head of the Barcelona branch, Krim Kom JOHN, resulted in the latter's recall and HAMMES' transfer to Barcelona, The events leading up to this dispute began in January 1943 when Krim Rat MOSIG, who was working for the Sofindus firm, but was actually a representative of Amt VI came to Barcelona on his way to Madrid. He requested that JOHN send reports that were of interest to Amt VI directly to that office from Barcelona instead, of having all reports take the long devious route through WINZER in Madrid and then to the Attache Group, which resulted in the reports being almost continually antiquated by the time they reached the interested office When WINZER heard of this procedure in the summer of 1943 he immediately reported the facts to Berlin. This resulted in a somewhat lengthy dispute between the chiefs of Aemter IV and VI, MUELLER and SCHELLENBERG, and JOHN'S transfer to Germany, charged with infidelity to Amt IV.

6. Liaison With German Agencies in France : Liaison maintained by the Office of Police Attache in Spain with German stations in France seemod to be mostly with those located on the French-Spanish border. As previously stated, HAMMES during his tour of duty at Barcelona, maintained contacts with FOERSTER at Perpignan. Krim Asst DENKER at San Sebastian probably worked in liaison with Krim Sek SCHMITT at Hendaye. HAMMES does not know to what degree SCHMITT and DENKER, if at all, cooperated with representatives of other German agencies, such as the KO covering the area San Sebastian-Hendaye. It is possible that DENKER and SCHMITT cooperated with KO men like FURCH and GENSOROWSKY and with KALLAB of Sofindus, During HAMMES'stay in Spain, he heard of KALLAB's connections with Sofindus and assumed that he was engaged in the export business in undertakings to break the blockade, and in the shipping of tungsten. HAMMES met KALLAB for the first time at Camp 76, Asperg, Germany and learned that the latter had been working for Amt VI all the time. When HAMMES took over in Madrid in October 1944, he discovered that a great deal of correspondence from WINZER to KNOCHON, military governor of Franco in Paris, consisted of complaints regarding the frequent unauthorized crossings of German personnel stationed near the border into Spain for short trips, usually unofficial in nature.

7. Method for Securing Spanish Naturalization : HAMMES is not familiar with cases of this nature. There were, however, several German nationals, commercial men and persons working for Amt VI, who succeeded in obtaining Spanish naturalization. Because of the foreign political implications involved, the Spanish government did not favor this method with its obvious ulterior motives. Through adoption by a Spaniard plus the payment of a substantial sum, however, an individual was able to secure Spanish naturalization,, One German is said to have paid thwenty thousand Pesetas for this service. In 1944 the Spanish Government issued a decree nullifying the legality of all such naturalizations.

8. Arrival of German Nationals in Spain Shortly Before V-Day : During tho last few months before V-Day, air traffic between Spain and Germany had become increasingly sporadic. Seats were allotted on a priority basis, and only individuals considored most important were able to make reservations. Furthermore, passengor lists pf these last minute flights had to be cleared by the RSHA. On one of the last flights the following Germans were among those who entered Spain: KRUEGER, FULDNER, and Obst/Lt WILHELMY.

KRUEGER was a representative of Amt VI, Berlin, and had been working in the Spanish section of that office, From a teletype communication from Berlin to the German Embassy at Madrid, HAMMES learned that KRUEGER was sent to Spain under the cover title of consular secretary to take care of certain short-term, tasks. SINGER, Amt VI representative in Madrid, was also notified from Berlin and instructed that KRUEGER was to work independently and he responsible only to Berlin. HAMMES disclaims knowledge of KRUEGER's special mission, but assumes that he was in liaison with agents in France.

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A member of the Kultur section of the German Embassy at Madrid, who was a co-passenger of FULDNER on the plane from Germany to Madrid, reported to the German Embassy that FULDNER had told him that he (FULDNER) was a representative of the SD. HAMMES had never heard of FULDNER before, nor did he discover the reason for FULDNER's presence in Spain.

Obst/Lt WILHELMY, formerly an aide to the German Military Attache at the German Embassy in Madrid, managed to return to Spain against the wishes of the Military Attache of the German Embassy who had requested the Office of Police Attache to disapprove WILHELMY's entry visa. WILHELMY, as former aide to the German Military Attache and with hopes of obtaining the position of his superior, had denounced German officials in Spain to Berlin. These denunciations reached Embassy circles in Madrid. WILHELMY was subsequently called up for active military service.Through his connections in Berlin, possibly through bribes, WILHELMY, nevertheless, was able to effect his return to Spain on one of the last flights of a Lufthansa plane. It was later mentioned in the German Embassy at Madrid that an SS officer had escorted WILHELMY to the plane either at Berlin or Stuttgart and that the SS officer handed a package to WILHELMY. HAMMES reported this to the Attache Group in Berlin, but never received a reply.

According to a report which HAMMES received from a Spanish police official, SS H/Stuf and former commander of the S/po and SD in France, ALISCH, spent a few days in Spain. ALISCH is supposed to have made attempts to round up his former agents who fled to Spain after the German withdrawal from France, possibly for new tasks in France. HAMMES was not in touch with ALISCH. According to the Spanish police official, the Spanish Government demanded that ALISCH quit Spain immediately.

9 Werwolf Activities : HAMMES denies any knowledge of plans for or the existence of a Werwolf organization in Spain during his incumbency there. He does not believe that any German organization in Spain was instructed to form an underground movement. German agencies were instructed to carry on their operations in the event of an Allied invasion of Spain or to take precautions should relations with Spain be broken. In Madrid, two Germans claimed to have been threatened by the Werwolf. HAMMES believes that those threats were invented by the Germans in order to secure protection of the Allies.

10. The Free Germany Committee : Shortly after the German generals PAULUS and SEYDLITZ had, under Soviet sponsorship, established a Free Germany Committee in Russia, similar trends began to make themselves felt in Spain, particularly among German refagee circles.

Since Germany was losing the war, some of those Germans felt that the time had come to take a stand similar to the Stalingrad declaration. The endeavors to form a Free Germany group in Spain originated from the Spanish concentration camp, Miranda del Ebro, where some sixty to a hundred Germans, mostly under assumed names and nationalities, were held. Some of those were former members of communistic and anarchistic organizations dating back to the Spanish Civil War, and others were German deserters and criminals. Since these men were able to assume French, Czechoslovak, or Polish nationality, they were able to get out of Miranda del Ebro either with the help of the International Red Cross or on recognition by their claimed consulatos. A number of these left Spain, mostly in French collective transports to North Africa, while others remained in Spain and were supported by aid committoes. The Spanish police soon became aware of the fact that some of the Germans who remained in Spain were in contact with communistic under-cover movements. Some of them were arrested as German nationals and the German police asked to supply information regarding the true identity of the individuals and records of provious convictions, so that the Spanish police would have material to remonstrate with the aid committees.

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After France was evacuated, these relatively small groups grew through the influx of customs officials and deserters from the Wehrmacht, The German Consulate and German officials began to roceive anonymous threatening letters, some of which Spanish postal authorities had seized, German officials were threatened with hangings and the occupation of German offices. Spanish authorities offered very little aid, suggesting that the Germans take special precautions. In tho Spring of 1945 the Spanish police discovered a secret printing press in Madrid, Several Germans were arrested, and HAMMES recalls only one name, Ernst BAYER. Evidence was given by tho prisoners to the effect that members of the German colony, of the diplomatic and consular staffs, and of German firms had attempted to establish contact with the movement, but that they were turned down bocause they were doomed opportunists. Others broke their contacts almost immediately, when they thought they recognized Communist motives behind the movement. It also became known that a Free Austria Committee had been established, and that Prince HOHENLOHE and Count SEYFRIED were to represent the new Austrian govemmont sanctioned by the Allies, notwithstanding the fact that the latter were supposed to have supported the allegedly Communist Free Austria Committee.

On the whole, HAMMES claims, these movements were not taken too seriously. Much of the evidence was based on rumors which Spaniards had often inflated before passing on to the Germans,

HAMMES states that Krim Sek GUTBIER attempted to penetrate the Free Germany Committee, but that results proved negative owing to the failure to establish the identity of the persons involved. The Committee remained obscure to the Office of Police Attache. As late as March 1945 GUTBIER was in Berlin, and in connection with this movement visited the Kriminal Technische Institut in an attempt to have some of the anonymous correspondence analyzed and traced to its source. Results proved negative,

11. Answers to Specific Briefs :

a. Jorge ESTRADA HAMMES does not recall ever having met anyone by that name. He recollects vaguely that ESTRADA was a man against whom his office was once warned by the Abwehr in Madrid, He claims that in any event the Office of Police Attache had no connections whatsoever with Argentina, or any other part of South America,

He is certain that agents of Amt VI maintained communication with Argentina. HAMMES recalls having heard the name THEO mentioned in this connection, but prosumes that Krim Kom SINGER, as representative of Amt VI, can give more satisfactory information on the matter,

b. GAITX FIOL w as the Spanish housekeeper and general handy man employed by Krim Kom JOHN in Barcelona, When HAMMES succeeded JOHN in 1943 FIOL remained, in the some capacity under HAMMES, FIOL's duties consisted of general messenger duties, buying supplies, paying the bills, and delivering mail. He also undertook various trips to the French-Spanish border at Porthus to deliver and get mail. FIOL vas paid three hundred Pesetas per month and expenses. When the office was dissolved in 1945, he was given six months pay and an additional bonus of two thousand Pesetas for faithful service. HAMMES states that FIOL's activities were restricted to the aforementioned, and that he was un-suited for work of a more serious or important nature.

c. Arthur GEBAUER. alias GOLD BAUER Apparently coming from France, GEBAUER appeared in 1943 at the German Consulate in Barcelona and was referred to HAMMES at the Office of Police Attache in Barcelona. GEBAUER explained to HAMMES that he was engaged in a secret mission for Berlin with instructions not to contact any German agency in Spain, but that he needed funds and a passport. HAMMES distrusted GEBAUER and turned him away. A short time later GEBAUER again appeared in HAMMES's office,

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accompanied by a Spanish police official, who supposedly arrested GEBAUER for the latter's failure to have in his possession the required papers. GEBAUER is supposed to have bribed the police official so that the latter agreed to take him back to HAMMES. HAMMES contacted his Madrid headquarters and was told to send GEBAUER on to Madrid since SINGER of Amt VI had instructions regarding GEBAUER. It was never clear to HAMMES what particular mission HAMMES was to perform nor for whom he was working. HAMMES later heard that GEBAUER had been arrested by the Spanish police

Comments and Recommendations : Although the Office of Police Attache in Spain was established ostensibly for the purpose of effecting police cooperation between Germany and Spain, its roots and missions originally planned go much deeper.

In this connection it is of interest and importance to quote Walter SCHELLENBERG regarding his interpretation of the Office of Police Attache in Madrid. Under interrogation SCHELLENBERG stated as follows:

"This (office) can be explained historically. A close relationship between Germany and Spain had already grown out of the war in 1935/36, Condor Legion, etc. It was during that time that the first contacts between the Spanish IS and the old Abwehrwere made. These connections were continued socially after 1936 They were intensified in 1940 when the German General Staff planned a Gibraltar move. At that time conferences between the Spanish military and the German General Staff were considering plans concerning certain areas to be occupied in Spain. In conjunction with this plan, it was considered, through Ambassador Count MARIALDO (misspelling of Conde de MAYALDE) in Berlin, who served as intermediary.what role the police should play.

I assume that within the limits of this general plan it was decidad -whether SERANO SUNNER (misspelling of SERRANO SUNER) took part I do not know- that certain advance police commands of tho SD were to be active in Spain. These police commands left for Spain and were stationed in various cities. Since there was practically no work of an executive nature, these people, whether they were schooled or not, began to submit intelligence reports. Naturally, nothing came of this, and it was mostly a failure.

When I took over the political intelligence branch of tho Intelligence Service, I found conditions in the Amt VI sector very poor. I considered then, since I always had difficulties with the Foreign Office, that it would probably be of value to recall to Berlin a few of these people from the police commands, in order to train and exploit them. Counteracting these efforts, which I planned very carefully, since these people were already marked men, were the strivings of WINZER, a clever person, who had been in Spain with the Condor Legion and who desired to establish an official department within the bounds of the German Embassy, by consolidating these police commands under his leadership as Police Attache. This suited MUELLER'S ideas since he wanted to place police attaches everywhere. He wanted to abolish Amt VI and to place everything under his command. After a comparatively short time he was able, with the aid of HEYDRICH, to make an agreement with the Foreign Office establishing police attache offices in certain European countries.

One of the first ones was set up in Madrid under WINZER, unquestionably a close confidant of MUELLER, I then attempted for two reasons to make the police attache useful to myself. Firstly, to eliminates this man as a competitive factor from the undercover controversy raging between myself and MUELLER, since nothing is more dangerous than an organization in a foreign country which operates against one's own office, i.e., through the observation of expenditures, the private lives of individuals, etc. Secondly, it is without doubt a duty of the members of an organization within an intelligence service, who have the time and opportunity, to gather intelligence information. Since WINZER considered himself an official of the criminal police, and, at the most, received only foreign exchange from me, his

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decisions and opinions were always hinged on those of MUELLER. I watched this for a while, and then went my own way, I had eliminated them as trouble makers since I controlled foreign exchange funds. Professionally, I shortly became convinced that they didn't moan anything to me, I, therefore, did not fight for their position. I recognized them as a group which should not be allowed to have anything to do with intelligence work, since they were marked men who carried their labels over into the intelligence service. Nevertheless, in the course of daily activities, I had to employ these people -some ten to fifteen who were concentrated there- so that they would not disturb me. To this extent, I accepted intelligence information from them, as well as giving them certain counterespionage tasks. But I can state with certainty that I placed, since the beginning of 1943 no importance whatsoever on the police attaches."

HAMMES was Police Attache in Madrid only from October 1944 to May 1945. He is able to furnish very little information on the activities of his predecessor and chief, Krim Rat WINZER, who served as Police Attache in Spain from 1940 to 1944. The interrogation reveals that HAMMES' comparative youth and inexperience, in contrast to his predecessor WINZER, as well as lack of sufficient rank as Police Attache, failed to gain him the confidence and insight that other more experienced representatives of German agencies in Spain enjoyed. HAMMES as Kriminalkommissar, held the equivalent rank of O/Stuf in the SS, although he was never officially a member of that organization. It is recommended that he be evacuated to an internment camp for disposition in accordance with current directives." (...) Capt AUS Chief, CI Section, John HEINIG. HAMMES' Address: Calle Padua 83, Barcelona.

HAMPE, Karl Alexander. German agent classified l-A in OSS records. Cavalry Captain. Assistant Military Attache, Madrid.

HANISCHE / HANICHE / HAENICHE, Heinz. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21 , 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Martin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Wittenberge, 23 March, 1923.

HANNES, 1st. Lt. German agent classified l-A in OSS records. In German army stationed in Vigo.

HANSCHE, Wilhelm. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HAPPEL, Rudolf. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Enrique Arp. Colon de Lareategui 35. Born Vegesack - Bremen, 26 Sept. 1887. Passport No. 483/39 issued Barcelona 24.7.39. Member of DAF.

HARB, August. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HARDER, Max. . Counsellor. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1 941 ).

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HARDMEYER, Adolf / Adolfo. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Engineer. Representing Herrmaschine of Zittau. Barcelona.

HARDT, Pedro. From Information of OSS, Art Unit, dated 20 August, 1945, Individuals involved in suspicious Art activities, Iberian Peninsula: "Penota 1, Zorroza, near Bilbao; or Alameda Mazarredo 13, Bilbao. German, long time resident in Bilbao, believed to have large quantity of valuable paintings of suspicious origin, which is traying to sell".

HARING / HAERING, Adolf. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

HARMSEN, Erich Georg May. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records and listed as B144. W/T operator. Attached to German consulate, Tenerife. Shipping agent. Living in Vista Bella, Santa Cruz de Tenerife.

HARPERATH / HARPENRATH, Anton. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 16/11/1921 in Koln. Address in Germany, 1946: Mauenheimerstr. 8, Koln (British zone).

HARTER, Franz. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Montana S.A. Chemical technician. Arbolancha 6 -2° dcha., Bilbao. Born Schenkenzell, 27 Dec. 1911. Passport No. H 55/37 issued Giessen. Member of NSDAP and formerly SA(1 930-35).

HARTMANN, Christian. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HARTMANN, Erich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HARTMANN, Friedrich Wilhelm Gerhardt. Repatriated on SS Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Member of Airforce Communication Corps working under orders of Kurt van VEERSEN. A-195 on Oficial List. DOB. Bovenden, 10 July, 1921.

HARTMANN, Otto. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Frankenthal, 2 July, 1909.

HARTMANN, Walter. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HARTNER, Adolf. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

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HARTMANN, Wilhelm. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Technician associated with the German Electric Co. Born September 19, 1898. In 1945 liposed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HARTUNG DE GROTA, Oskar. Commander Censure section. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

HASELBACH, Friedrich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HASSE-HEYNE von, Hans, alias HEINEMANN. Oberleutnant in the German Secret Service who operated mainly against Canadian airmen in France. Responsible of the death of at least two airmen. Heyne arrived in Spain in June 1944 with a large quantity of valuable stamps and precious stones, which latter he left in a suitcase with a Swiss, Piet MEYER. The stamps collection was looked after by MONGE, a Spanish stamp dealer in Barcelona. HEYNE was interned in Caldas but escaped from a train on the way to Madrid. Owner and partner with Hans TICHAUER of Bar La Jungla in Barcelona.

HASSEL, Kurt. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1 941 ).

HASSELBRINK, Wilhelm. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HASSENPFLUG, Lutz. Obersturmbannfuhrer Hitler junge. Decorated by FRANCO as Caballero de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas con Encomienda. {BOE, 26 Octubre, 1941).

HAUFF, Albrecht. Repatriated from Spain on Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. In hospital and not interrogated. B-161 on Official List. DOB. Stuttgart, 11 August, 1905.

HAUCK, Paul. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HAUFF, Federico / Friedrich. Repatriated on Highland Monarch. Believed to be Gorman deserter, who entered Spain near Port Bou in September 1944. Has been reported to be politically active and his hotel expenses were paid by the German Consulate. It is believed that this person is not identical with one Albrecht HAUFF, a German deserter for whom a search was requested by the German Embassy. B-161 Agents' list. Brought to repatriation center under police escort.

HAUFT, Heinrich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

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HAUPTFLEISCH, Josef. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HAUPTMANN, alias Dr. Alfredo KUHNE alias Dr. HOLZER. From l-M, Asst Hamburg. Agent l-M, KO Spanien, Barcelona (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain).

HAUSBERG, Elisabeth. Repatriated on SS Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Wife of a former teacher at the German School sent to Germany for military service. Son: Hans Werner. DOB. Marl, 19 February 1921. E/71 Official List.

HAUSBERG, Erich. Agent classified lll-A in OSS records. Music teacher in Madrid.

HAUSER, Fritz. Customs chief. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

HAUSER, Gerhard. German agent classified B and C. Listed as B145. German Embassy, Madrid.

HAUSER, Walter. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Technician employed at the San Pablo airfield, Sevilla.

HAUSLER, Franz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HAUSSLER, Eduard. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HAXEL, Dr. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. Organizer and chief of the Hitler Youth Organization in Spain during the Republic.

HAYDER, Paul. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HAYECK, Hermann. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Representative. Alameda Urquijo entre 69-71, Bilbao. Born at Magdeburg-Neustadt on 24 September 1885. Passport No. 264 issued Neuenburg-Enz on 18 March 1937. Member German Club.

HAYTENICH, Fritz. Agent classified lll-A in OSS records. School teacher. Manager of Germn kindergarten in Vigo. Born about 1900. Address: Montero Rios 6, Vigo.

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HEBING, Anne. Repatriated on SS Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. German Embassy employee. Member of a group of German women who entered Spain on 21 August 1944 on a collective passport. On Official List A-203. Bocholt, 27 January, 1924.

HECHT, Hugo Ludwig Burkard. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Representative. Rodriguez Arias 15, 5°, Bilbao. (Firm Electroma same address). Born Bromberg on 21 November 1906. Passport No. 197/40 issued Bilbao on 30.12.40. Member DAF.

HECHT, Marina. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Spain, 6 January 1911.

HECKEL, Major. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Barcelona.

HEDT, Wilhelm. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HEFFT, Kurt. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Ibiza 22, Madrid. Born in Lyck, East Prussia, October 31, 1905. Industrial engineer with Telefunken. Active agent and member of NSDAP.

HEGER, Johann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HEIDEMANN / HIDEMANN. From OSS Secret IntelligenceSpecial Funds Record 9409: Intelligence agent in Spanish Morocco. Formerly Field Marshall Rommel's G-2. Classified l-B in OSS records.

HEIDEN, Emil von der. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HEIDENREICH, Bruno. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 19/12/1902 in Halberstadt. Address in Germany, 1946: Freidensstr. 20, Hedersleben, Bez. Magdeburg (Soviet zone).

HEIDENREICH, Hans. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: 1.G. Farbenindustrie A.G. Employee (Bayer). Address: Av. Rep. Argentina 33, Barcelona. Born Mannheim (Baden), 14 October, 1909. Passport No 878/36 issued Barcelona 28.7.1936. Member of DAF.

HEIDER, Paul. Chancery counsellor. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

HEIER, Phillip. Repatriated from Spain on the Highland Monarch. Connected with Cecilia CALLEJO, Jorge Juan 55, Madrid, whom he lent 50.000 pts.

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HEIM, Karl Wilhelm. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Fernan Gonzalez 17, Madrid. Born Enzweihingen, March 27, 1904. Has Spanish wife. Former employee of Acumuladores Nife. During war was connected with distribution of food at German Home and became black market food operator on modest scale. Member of NSDAP and DAF. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Zorrozaure 10, Bilbao. Passport No. 53 issued Nagold 9.7.38. Member of DAF.

HEIM, Otto. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HEINBUCH / HAINBUCH, Heinrich. Repatriated from Bilbao.

HEINBUCHER, Rudolf. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HEINELT, Alfons. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HEINEMANN, Hans, alias Hans HELLER, alias Johannes HASSE-HEYN. Lt. Agent classified l-B in OSS records and listed as B146. Banker and financier of night clubs and other doubtful business. Born about 1910, Dresden, Germany. Condemned in Oran in 1942. Returned to France, then went to Spain. Until 1943 was captain of 10th Infantry, German army. Discharged. Living in Barcelona in 1945, Calle Monserrat 10.

HEINEMANN MULLER, Roberto Werner. German agent classified B. Listed as B147. Controlled the firm Diego Gomez S.A. (9 August 1944). Address: Ronda de Capuchinos 7, Sevilla.

HEINRICH, Fritz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HEINRICH, Willi. Hauptamtsleiter. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

HEINZ, Edmond, alias SINGER, Heinz Edmund, alias SCHMUICK, Heinz, alias MANOLI, alias FINK. Repatriated from Spain by air (dates from January 29 to February 25, 1946). Po No. 0760. Interrogated July 8, 1946. Referred to an ALTERSHEIM b/ SCHLESIEN. HEINZ belonged to Amt 6 (Sicherheits-Dienst im Ausland), previously in Sttaats-Polizei.

He went to Spain 15 January 1937, in the Legion Condor (knowing Spanish and having worked for the J. G. White Engineering Corporation in Central America. He stayed in Spain until May 1938, when he took leave in Germany and finally returned from Spain in June, 1939. He then did duty at Dusseldorf in Abt 3, but was sent to Spain in Political and Economic Intelligence (Amt 6) early in 1940, where he stayed until April 1941. April, 1941 Nine month's course in Berlin. After that, he left the Staatspolizei but took up further Amt 6 work in Spain, where he was, officially, at the Madrid Consulate (i/c Briefstelle). He had no

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chief in Spain, coming directly under Brigade Fuhrer Schellenberg and Gruppenleiter Steremberg, Berlin, who sent him orders by diplomatic courier. Interrogated about:

- Engelbert SCHMIDT. In Madrid as a member of the Spanish-German Police Exchange Agreement.

- OTSUP. SINGER meets him at Rotfritz.

- SCHLUETER made SINGER 's acquaintance owing to a demand by the former to use the Post Office facilities, which Berlin approved. Singer thought that Schueter worked for Amt 6 (Economic Sub-section) which was directly under Berlin, just as was his sub-section (Amt 6- Political).

- SINGER met CLOTH finally only, al Caldas Internment Camp, prior to be sent to Germany. Schlueter seems to have told Singer in June-July 1944 that he was acting as an intermediary in the transmission of Allied peace proposals to Berlin. Once Schlueter came with a man who seemed to work for USA, but appeared German, who spoke of a frenchman LECOINT and who wanted to "get a line" on Singer. Singer described Schlueter as dark haired, German looking, perhaps from Black Forest region, a good an adaptable business, smart but not a big man. He visited Singer's house and spoke of wanting to go back to Germany a to a Russian occupied part.

- BERNHARDT: SINGER described BERNHARDT as a business man, ruthles, without ideals or prejudices who would be prepared to fit in to any body in order to conduct business, for which he was so suitable owing to his excellent Spanish connections.

SINGER wanted to go back to South America with his family, preferably Nicaragua or Chile.

From: U.S. Army. European Command. Intelligence Division, Wartime activities of the German diplomatic and military services during World War II, November 18, 1949:

"SCHMUICK, Heinz (alias SINGER, alias MANOLI, alias FINK).Police Attache. Born on 21 January 1 909 in Hagen, Westfalen. Subject was Police Attache to the German Embassy in Spain. A brief history of his career is as follows:

1931-1933 Employed by Schutzpolizei at Krefeld

1933- 1934 Landespolizei

1934- 1936 Landespolizei Duesseldorf, Oberwachtmeister

1936- 1937 Transferred to passport section in Bremen because of his knowledge of Spanish

1937- 1939 Went to Spain with Legion Condor. Geheime Feldpolizei. While serving in Spain he was transferred to Amt 4, Gestapo from the Scutzpolizei

1939- 1940 Gestapo, Duesseldorf

1940- 1941 Transferred to Spain.

Besides his police duties subject collected Intelligence information and it is believed that he was the head of all German agents working for the SD. Subject was a member of the Allgemeine SS, Oberstureuebrer. Member of the Gestapo as Kriminalkommissar. Subject was transferred to Camp 74 on 7 November 1946. Subject released to Hagen, Wesfalen".

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HEINZE, Martin Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Welz, 12 November, 1923.

HEINZE MANN, Karl Adam. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 9/12/1922 in Kasel. Address in Germany, 1946: Mombachstr. 58, Kassel (American zone).

HEINZMANN, Otto Paul. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Representative. Maximo Aguirre, 17, Las Arenas (Bilbao). Born Penig, Chemnitz, on 1 November 1901. Passport No. - not given. Member of NSDAP and DAF.

HEISTER, Philipp Heinrich. Repatriated on SS Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. German Embassy employee. On Official List A-211. DOB. Mainz, 16 October, 1891.

HELLERMANN, Hans. "Hans Hellermann was the fourth of Hitler's viceroy in the Iberian Peninsula" .Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Gruppenfuhrer SS. Born 26 December 1909 in Schwelm. i/ Westf. Preussen. Address in Spain, Calle de Jesus, 6, 5°, Barcelona and calle Aribau, 124 1°, 3 a, Barcelona. NSDAP N° 186 721.

Arrived Barcelona 1933. Co-founder with Otto PHILIPPI of the export-import firm Hellermann & Philippi, calle Avino, Barcelona, a cloak firm for spionage activities. . Appointed commissioner and Head of NSDAP in Spain 6 April 1936. Travelled to Germany to receive instructions 26 April, 1936, under diplomatic cover (Embassy courier) and immunity. His main functions were to organize the combat or storm groups to help the fascist sublevation in July, 1936 and to assasinate all Germans expat jews or suspects of anti-nazi activities.

"Erich Schnaus, in a letter, dated March 27, 1936, described him as follows: " Party member Hellermann has been able in rather less than two years to bind together the Barcelona colony, which had been split in every direction, and to safeguard the Party's primacy; at storm troops has worked out brilliantly in the Barcelona local section." (...)

"In the files of the headquarters a note was found, Placed there by Hellermann himself, which contains the secret of Burbach's journey. The note runs: " Front fighters report by June 1 5. Complete lists of emigrants by June 25. Check whether codes are there. List propaganda material. Gliders."

This note was dated May 28, 1936. Nothing clearer could be asked for. It says no more and no less than that the Foreign Organisation has asked for all front line fighters to report by June 15 ; that it requires new black lists of emigrants to be prepared, so that these can be put out of the way at the appropriate moment ; that Hellermann was commissioned to check up with the local sections whether they had a code for telegrams from the Foreign Organisation ; that he should compile a list of the propaganda material in their possession and what was required ; and that finally the Foreign Organisation had special intentions and wishes in connection with the gliding section, the nature of which is not open to doubt. Together with the Schnaus letter quoted above, this note constitutes important material proving Nazi complicity in the bloody events in Spain. The National Socialist groups, as is sufficiently clear from this material, were being made ready for the anticipated rebellion.

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"The activities of the Hellermann & Philippi Import section were increased. Fifty local sections had to be mobilised. Among their memberswere murder specialists who had won their spurs with the storm troops in Germany. They were to " give technical aid " to the Phalangists and Carlists. Their membership also included experienced pilots, former front line fighters, technicians and engineers, and propagandists. Approximately a thousand Nazis were organised in the local sections. In addition to these there were at least 1,500 other Germans organised in the German Labour Front and under Nazi influence. Two thousand five hundred disciplined men were made ready for the day of the rebellion. This was not carried out in such a way that each man was told what was going to happen. Only the leaders of the most vital local sections were taken into full confidence. The others received instructions without knowing beforehand whit was in the wind. But Langenheim, an engineer in Tetuan. Fiessler and Consul Draeger in Seville, Consul Dede in Mallorca and others were fully informed." (O. K Simon, The Nazi Conspiracy In Spain, pp. 78 ff)

HELM, Rudolf. Agent classified lll-B in OSS records. School teacher. Born 1902. Address: calle Joaquin Costa 7, Madrid.

HELMER, Walter Hermann. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 11/10/1898 in Hamburg. Address in Germany, 1946: Bernhard Nochtstr. 101, Hamburg (British zone).

HELMHOLZ, Herbert. Repatriated from Spain in September 10 1946.

HELMINGER, Stephan. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HELMPFLING, Richard. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HELMRICH, Hans Oskar. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: AEG, Bilbao. Employee. Born Frankfurt a/M. 11 January, 1901. Passport No 229/38 issued Sevilla 19.12.1938. Member of NSDAP and DAF.

HELMUT, Demetrio. Agent classified lll-B in OSS records. Professor. San Sebastian.

HENCHEN, Johann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

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HENEL, Alfred. Counsellor. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1 941 ).

HENKMANN, Rolf. From Nuernberg Interrogation Records... Other Agency Interrogations > Weirauch, Peter : Asst to Referant VI-C/3, RSHA, as expert on Arab countries since March 1944. Lives Berlin-Dahlem. Mining engineer. Spent many years in Spain, Turkey and Rhodes. CPI: Pink Card 37796.

HENLE, Hans Walter. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. 1 May, 1921.

HENNET, Johannes von. Agent in Spanish Morocco. I-M, KO Spanien, Spanish Morocco (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain). Ill-Unclassified in OSS records. Tetuan. Professor. Born Welchau, 1912.

HENNIGG, Albert. NSDAP Kanzler Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

HENNINGSEN, Ernst Werner. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. Official of the KDF. Assistant manager of the German coaling firm (was there since 1931). Address: General Moscardo 5, Santa Cruz de Tenerife.

HENSCHEL, Peter. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HENSEL, Helmut. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801- 2850:Minerales de Espaha. Employee. Address: Ercilla 19, 1o drcha., Bilbao. Born Hamburg, 20 March, 1918. Passport No 56/41 issued Bilbao 13.5.1941.

HERBERG, Friedrich. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

HERBERG, Richard. German agent classified B and C. Listed as B148. Interned at Caldas de Malavella December, 1944. Engineer. Technical director of FAMA, S.A. (plastics). Address: Calle Juan Sarda 13, Barcelona and Iradier 13, Barcelona.

HERBERG, Wolgang Georg. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Engineer. San Sebastian.

HERBERG VOLGER, Margarete. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Nordhausen, 26 October, 1878.

HERBERG VOLGER, Stefan / Esteban. German agent classified A. Listed as A149. Gijon.

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HERBERT. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Radio operator. San Sebastian. Born about 1917.

HERBRECHTSMEIER, Wilhelm. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HERBST, Franz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HERBST, Georg. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Montana S.A. Geologist (Montana del Sur, Sevilla). Da. Maria Coronel 27, Sevilla. Born Aachen, 6 Dec. 1911. Passport No. S1927 issued Sevilla 1.7.38. Former member of SA (1933-37).

HERBST, Walter. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HERDER, Hermann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HERDES, Marga Tilde. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Bunzlau, 29 May, 1910.

HERING, Hans Christian. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 22/1 1/1926 in Stettin. Address, 1946: 414 Wall Street, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.

HERING, Kurt. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Ponitz, 21 November, 1921.

HERKMANS Marcel Joseph Guillaume. DOB. 8 November 1893 at Dudelange. Died 2 July 1978 at Berlin. From CIA files (201 folder SKORZENY), dated 3 October 1958: "lives at the Hotel Nacional, 46 Patio (misspelling of Paseo) del Prado in Madrid. He is married to one Elsa BLUER, living at Harrnsdorff in Berlin, who had joined him in Madrid and succeeded in fraudulently bringing into Spain a part of the fortune that HERKMANS had hidden in France.

HERKMANS knew how to get in touch with technicians and former nazi officers in Spain and managed to create a sort of bureau of technical studies, whose services he has offered several times at the Egyptian Embassy. It is suspected that HERKMANS acts as a go- between for the Egyptian Embassy and certain gun-runners for arms destined for Arab countries.

On 13 December 1949 HERKMANS was condemned for treason and evasion by the Surete Exterieur de I'Etat in France, in his absence, to death."

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HERM, Captain Of Njassa. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1 941 ).

HERMAN, Comdr. German agent classified l-A in OSS records. Comdr. of Air Corps in Condor Legion, Spain.

HERMANN, Franz. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Goswig, 16 March, 1913.

HERMANN, Heinrich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HEROLD, Adolf. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Oberhome, 14 February, 1925.

HEROLD KRAUS, Enrique. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Rambla de Cataluna 135, Barcelona. Manager of Agfa Foto. Regarded as most obnoxious. Married to Concepcion GIPPINI GURUMETA, from a falangist and fascist family. HEROLD refused to discuss affairs of company with Allies. He remained in Spain.

HERRAN, Karl Heinz. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. Spanish. DOB. 16/12/1921 in Hamburg. Address in Germany, 1946: Genslerstr. 11, Hamburg (British zone).

HERTEL / HURTEL / HERTEL- BRABANT, Karl / Carl Anton Juelius/ Franz Karl, alias CONDE DE BRABANTE, alias BRABANTE, alias BUSTAMANTE, alias Don CARLOS ANTONIO

Listed as B-176 I priority. Deportee Madrid-Germany by Army air November 22 1946. Arrived at Civilian Internment Camp 74 near Stuttgart on 26 November 1946. Hospitalized there for syphillis. Related to Sofindus. Born October 20 1910 in Bremen. One of the 19 cases considered of the utmost importance for repatriation.

From German Consulate in Valencia, November 11, 1942: Carl Anton Juelius HERTEL, born Bremen October 22, 1910. Divorced in 1940. Exporter. Foreign languages: English, Spanish, French. Military status: Ersatz Reserve II, Wehrbezirksamt, Ausland. Arrived Valencia on November 11,1 942 from Ciudad Trujillo, Dominican Republic. Member of Nazi Party.

From the records of Attache D.P. Medalie:

Secret despatch of November 19, 1945. Franz Karl HERTEL BRABANTE was in charge of party functions in South America before he went to Valencia in 1942 as a representative of Schenker transport orange business. In Dominican Republic he was Landesgruppen Fuehrer NSDAP and was deported in 1942 together with members of former German Legation in Santo Domingo. On arrival, he was appointed regional party leader (landesgruppen) by THOMSEN. Was ordered to Germany by SCHENKER to answer for

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incorrect accounts but returned in 1944, hiding for some time. At the end of 1944 he was living with Herr MOUTHS, Alfonso XX, 24, Madrid, together with a Portuguese woman. HERTEL used to call himself BRABANTE.

A memo from a reliable source dated April 15, 1946 estated that HERTEL was one of the most dangerous agents of the Gestapo. He lived in Spain for a certain time under the name of BRABANTE. He lived with the sister of SCHRADER. This sister was an agent of the Gestapo and collaborated with SCHRADER and wife, who lived at Nunez de Balboa 44, Madrid. All four of them worked as a Gestapo agents and made big profits by illegal business transactions which took place in occupied France. After the liberation of France, in autumn 1944, when this business did not flourish any longer, the four accomplices began to quarreling about the distribution of the booty. In February 1946, Spanish police asked SCHRADER if he was prepared to return to Germany. He refused. Connected with Margarita Christiana Gertrud ROGGEVEEN.

Subject changed his domicile continously and used several passports. In 1946 he used a Dominican passport in the name of BRABANTE, which was his mother's name. He attended affairs at the Dominican Legation. He operated also, under the name of BUSTAMANTE, in Calle Donoso Cortes 13 (formerly at 21) and was doing business as a real estate agent for apartments.

HERTEL / HERTL, Erwin. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Mariakron, 10 September, 1926.

HERTLEIN, Heinrich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HERTZ. Agent in Spanish Morocco and Tangier, ll-Unclassified in OSS records. Austrian engineer.

HERZ, August Jakob. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. DOB. 24/3/1915 in Wiesbaden-Biebrich. In Spanish list. German agent. Employee of the firm Kalle & Co., Wiesbaden-Biebrich. From Nov. 1938 to August 1939. Address in Germany Imaginastrasse 5, Wiesbaden-Biebrich. Address in Germany, 1946: Imaginastr, 5, Wiesbaden/ Biebrich (American zone).

HERZHAUSER, Friedrich / Federico. Capt. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Air Corps pilot, German army. German born, naturalized Colombian.

HERZOG, Christian. Dr. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

HESSE, Fritz. Dr. Counsellor. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1 941 ).

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HESSE, Heinrich Karl August. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. DOB. 3/12/1916 in Holzminden. Address in Germany, 1946: Oberbachstr. 6, Holzminden (British zone).

HESSE, Hermann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HESSE, Max Rene. Classified lll-C in OSS records. Author. Address: Pension Residencia del Prado, Caalle Santa Catalina 7, Madrid.

HESSEL, Fritz. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1 941 ).

HETTLICH, Walter. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HEUBERGER, Adolf Burno / Bruno. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Madrid. Engineer. Born about 1903. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801- 2850: AEG. Electrical engineer. Address: Alameda de Urquijo 86, 5o drcha., Bilbao. Born Hof a/S. (Bayern), 3 July 1900. Passport No 759 issued Malaga 27.7.1934. Member of NSDAP.

HEUSS, Otto. Gestapo. From Nuernberg Interrogation Records > ... Other agencies interrogations > Wolff, Hans Helmut: "SS H/Stuf, Krim. Kom. With KdS Moselland (Stapo Koblenz); lives Koblenz; born 1908 in Neuwied (?); slender build, brown eyes. Career: Worked in Spain. Misc.: Married, two children"

HEVRARD, Andre, alias GALLARDO. From Hans SOMMER's CI interrogation: Abwehr agent; Spanish Intelligence agent. Present Address: Unknown. Born: 1913 oval face long nose dark blond hair

Career: Fought with FRANCO in the Spanish Civil War. Went to Obst/Lt RUDOLPH in Paris in 1940 and was trained in wireless operation. After working four years in France, he withdrew to Germany with the Abwehr and was sent to Italy in March 1945. He infiltrated into the Italian Maquis and was sent back to France as a red Spaniard and finally went to Spain, where he joined the Spanish Intelligence Service. Wife and one child living in Santander Spain.

HEWELT, Leo. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HEY, Edith. Repatriated from Bilbao, Spain in September 10 1946. Camp 77.

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HEYDEN-RYNSCH, Bernd Otto (misspelled Berndotto) von der / misspelled form: HEYDEN RYNTSCH, Minler von. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Councillor of German Embassy, Madrid. Espalter2, Madrid. Still in Spain in September 1946. Connected with the concealment of A/SV funds in Spain. With diplomatic cover.

HEYDT BAERZNER, Hermann. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Murcia 20, Madrid. Married to Cuban. Six children in 1946, all born in Madrid, two of wich were in Germany in 1946. Agent for German firms. Owned an ice factory El Salvador in Madrid. NSDAP member.

HEYKOWITSCH He was the expert on gold purchases for the Germans in Madrid. See BALLWEG, Ernst Paul.

HEYMAKK CERF, Ernesto. Deportee Madrid-Germany by air August 23 1946.

HEYMANN, Ernst / Ernesto, alias Ernesto HEYMANN CERF alias Martius MEINERT, alias Martin MEYWALD (misspelled MAYWAID in some documents) alias BACH. Subject included in the 19 cases considered to be of utmost importance for repatriation. Listed as A151. Repatriated from Madrid by army airtransport on 23 August 1946. P. W., Born about 1913. Since 1942 in Spain. NSDAP member since 1933.

Information from the office of Attache D.P. Medalie, dated June 9, 1944: German SD agent. Source worked as liaison (verbindungsmann) to subject, whose real name was Martin MAYWAID. (A person called Ernesto HEYMANN had exled but had died abroad) Subject went to Spain with source who had Honduran passport prepared for him in Paris through Rosendo MARTINEZ FERRERA, early in 1943 for the sum of 1 million francs. SD suggested source and subject shoul have German passports to enter Spain. Subject's passport was issued in the name of BACH. Upon arrival MARTINEZ FERRERA, then in Barcelona, arranged for Honduran passports of both to be regularized by Spanish police in Madrid. From a reliable source January 2, 1945: Honduran passport N°230 issued at Vichy December 1st, 1942 valid to December 1st, 1945. Wife Alicia STERN, born in Leipzig, Germany, September 30, 1908. Subject also held a French identity card issued in Monaco in the name of Martius MEINERT.

Subject worked under orders of MOSIG and ARNOLD. He also had one Pablo SANCHEZ (misspelled SANCHES) LARQUE running small organisation .( Pablo SANCHEZ LARQUE was nominally "Teniente provisional de Caballeria, del Regimiento Cazadores de Los Castillejos", wounded in Spanish Civil war fighting with FRANCO. He was in S.I.M).

From a reliable source, November, 1944: Through SANCHEZ LARQUE of the S.I.M. with whom source was working in IS concerning the Allies and Italians, he met subject in 1944. At that time subject and SANCHEZ LARQUE were preparing sabotage of italian ship Orsa in Mallorca for which job they enlled FERRETI's help. Others involved in this plan were Lt. MARTINEZ ANIDO (misspelled AMIDO in some documents) of Tanger and one MENDOZA. Source met subject and SANCHEZ LARQUE almost daily and supplied them with C.E material. Some time in August subject paid FERRETTI for his services 170 sterling pounds which he stated had been left behind at Dunkirk and later withdrawn from circulation by the British. In September Arnin SCHMIDT was found by the Spanish police in possession of 850.000 pts worth of the same type of pound sterling notes which he was going to sell to two Portuguese he was expecting. Subject told FERRETTI that proceeds of this sale was to be for German IS expenses in Spain. Subject was arrested by Spanish police for his complicity

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in this affair and detained from September 1 1 to September 1 6, 1 944. He was freed through intervention of SANCHEZ LARQUE and Comandante TOLEDO. The pounds received from subject by FERRETTI were given to latter in Ana de POMBO's dress shop in name of SANCHEZ LARQUE. Source reported that this shop served as a cloack for clandestine activities of subject and his accomplices.

The Spanish Foreign Office, in Note Verbale to British on Nov. 1944, stated the arrest of subject but did not mention his subsequent release.

Information from Austrian Embassy, Lisbon, to Madrid, October 10, 1944: Both subject and Willy LANGE had for some years been buying for the German armament industry large quantities of raw industrial diamonds. It was suggested that more could be found cut about from a Jewish refugee diamond expert named Leon STERN. On November 21, 1944, Embassy Madrid informed Lisbon STERN was in Palestine and could be contacted there. From a British report dated September 18, 1945: Ernesto HEYMANN CERF and Karl ARNOLD VOLLE, believed implicated in the forgery of Bank of England notes, were detained and placed at the disposal of the judicial authorities.

According to a Spanish Primer from Attache D.P. Medalie's office, subject was a German Jew, officer of the Sipo and SD, probably of Amt VI, in Spain since at least November 1943, under cover of various commercial enterprises including deals in factory machinery and synthetic glycerine, as well as acting as financial backer of a dress making establishment in Madrid run by a certain Ana de POMBO. HEYMANN was head of the SD counter/espionage and sabotage service in Spain. Engaged in illicit currency ands diamond transaction on a large scale. Went about June 1944 to Tangier, where he was assisted by Pablo SANCHEZ LARQUE and Hamed ben Omar TEMSAMANI to dispose of 20.000 in notes counterfeit by the SD. Reported in December 1944 to be in contact with Geral D. LANE and Dr. Erich.

HEYMANN, Wilhelm. Verwaltungsdirektor. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

HIEGL, Hans. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Air ministry. Technician employed at the San Pablo airfield, Sevilla.

HILBEK / HILBECK, Anna Luisa. Wife of German agent Alfred KESSLER. Peruvian believed to be an Axis agent.

HILDEBRANDT, Gerhard. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HILDEBRAND, Robert. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

HILGERS, Alfons Paul. From the files of the Madrid Consulate, German Embassy: Born December 3, 1910 in Nettmann. Teacher at the German School in Bilbao. Address: c/ El Cano 18, Bilbao. From the files of the German Consulate, Bilbao: Member of the NSDAP, of SA (since 1933) and of NSLS (National Sociall Teachers' League). Military service deferred until August 31, 1 941. Called to military service June 1 5, 1 943.

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HIMMER, Theodor. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

HINDERER, Carlos C. German agent. Representative of Krupp and Mauser. Interrogated by Allied Control Commision about German armaments trade with Spain during war.

HINDERSIN, Horst. Member NSDAP working for Banco Aleman Trasatlantico.

HINECKE, Arthur. Hauptamtsleiter. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

HINGST, Arthur. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HINRISCHEN, Otto Adolf Leopold, alias HEINRICH. Abwehr agent classified l-B in OSS records. Listed as C152. He sent several agents to South America. Businessman. Owned shop for Continental typewriters, now a representative. Born December 15, 1892, Erendsburg, Germany. Address: Calle Ledesma 18, Bilbao and Calle Prolongacion de la Gran Via, Bilbao. Interned at Caldas de Malavella November, 1944. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Representative. Gran Via 88, 5° izq., Bilbao. Born Rendsburg on 12 May 1892. Passport No. 64/40 issued Bilbao on 30.4.40. Member of NSDAP and DAF. (Now interned at Caldas de Malavella).

HINST, Emil. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1 941 ).

HINZ, Bruno. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Counsellor.

HIRNER RUSS, Hans. German agent classified D. Listed as D153. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Enrique Granados 30, Barcerlona. Born 1906. Married to a Frenchwoman, Rosa DELAUNILY. Representative of Thoreroi Leipzig and believed to have been employed by German Government as fur expert. Used unscrupulous methods in acquiring fortune from sale of furs confiscated from Jews in France. Member of NSDAP. Representative for Thorer of Leipzig.

HIRSCH, Hugo Walter. Repatriated from Spain in September 10 1946.

HIRSCH, Robert. German agent classified B. Listed as B154. Expelled from Tangier October 1943. Living in Madrid.

HIRSCH BERGER, Herbert. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Working for Nazi cabinet.

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HITZ, Karl / Carlos. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Engineer. Address: Zurbano 55, Madrid.

HOB, Peter. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HOBERT, Franz. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Martin. DOB. 26 February, 1924.

HODEA, Otto. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HOELLER, Wolgang. German agent classified B. Listed as B155. German ex-consul at Larache. Living in Jerez.

HOELTKEN, Paul. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Beascoechea factory. Gran Via 3, Bilbao. Born Hattingen/Ruhr, 26 April 1902. Passport No. 80/34 issued Bilbao 15.11.34.

HOELZNER, Kurt Arthur. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Bailen 59, Barcelona. Employee of Bayer. Member of NSDAP on behalf of which he performed political services in Madrid.

HOENE, Erwin. Hauptschriftleiter. NS Propaganda. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

HOFERLIN, Josef. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HOFERT, Gustav. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HOFFMANN. Fr. I-M, KO Spanien

HOFFMANN, Guillermo Pablo. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. Argentinian. DOB. 13/6/1912 in Buenos Aires. Address in Germany, 1946: Gartensrt. 2, Schwabmunchen bei Augsburg.

HOFFMANN / HOFFMAN, Hans Joseph/ Juan, alias Martin HOFFMANN alias Jose Mana Martin HOFFMANN. Liaison officer with Blue Division. Gestapo agent. In repatriation list. Information from Finance Division, Hamburg, January 4, 1946: Agent classified l-B in OSS records: Sonderfuehrer. Translator in the German Embassy, Madrid. Adresses: Calle Cervantes 1, Malaga, c/o Salvador RUEDA, Villa Mirasol, Monte de Sancha, Malaga.

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Chancellor in German consulate in Tangier in 1941, at the same time that TENSAMANI was appointed baja in Tangier:

El nuevo baja de 7 anger

Tanger 17. 3 tarde. Ha tornado posesion el nuevo baja. Si Larbi Tensamani, nombrado por el Jalifa de la zona espahola- Sustituye al mendub, Si Mohamed Tazzi, dependiente de la zona francesa, y que ha sido destituido por las autoridades espaholas. {ABC, 1 8 Marzo 1941, p.8)

El consulado de Alemania en Tanger,

Tanger 17,2 tarde. Para hacerse cargo oficialmente del consulado de Alemania en esta poblacion, ha llegado, procedente de Tetuan, una Comision de diplomaticos de aquel pais. La preside el consejero de Embajada, sehor HEBERLEIN, quien, en representation de la Embajada alemana en Madrid, tomo posesion del Consulado. El doctor NOOHRING asumira el cargo de consul; de canciller, actuara, el Sr. HOFFMANN y, como secretarios, los Sres. STILLE y BRAUN. Tambien llego el director de la Agenda D. N. B., quien represento en el acto oficial al jefe del partido Nacionalsocialista aleman en Espaha. Los diplomaticos ademanes cumplimentaron a las autoridades espaholas. — CIFRA. (ABC, 18 Marzo 1941, p.8)

German Honorary Consul in Malaga from 1966 till 1995. From 1995 to 1998 elected decano del cuerpo consular.

HOFFMAN / HOFFMANN, Martin / Andreas Martin. German agent classified A. Listed as B156. Address: Hotel Ignacia, Santander and calle Moreto 8, Madrid.

Owner with 80% shares of Mediavete S.A. Connected with DOEBLER and OGGERIN and Ramon RAMOS FONTECHA. Of the firm Ocimex, Oficina Comercial Importadora y Exportadora, Madrid, Avenida de Jose Antonio 27, who was the main partner of the capital (of Medivete), was a German national residing in Spain. It was therefore agreed that a Spanish national should be appointed as his trustee. The three Spaniards mentioned in the report from Madrid were: Fernando FUENTES GARCIA, Ramon RAMOS FONTECHA, Jose GARCIA DE CASTRO. Possibly they were acting for HOFMANN. Another report mentioned a Antonio PANADERO COELLO. PANADERO and RAMOS FONTECHA were members of the OGGERIN-PENA family and cloaks of German interests.

From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Sofindus, Madrid. Employee of Fuchs Medem, Bilbao. Dr. Areilza 26, pral. izda., Bilbao. Born Nurnberg, 28 September 1909. Passport. No 187/36 issued Genoa 12.11.1936. Member of NSDAP and DAF.

HOFFMANN, Herta / Hertha Ida Elsa. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Marine Marlin deportees categories A, B September 1946. DOB. Lepzig, 8 September, 1878. A'228 and IV Priority List. . First priority to be interrogated.

HOFFMANN, Sofian Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

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HOFMANN, Peter. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HOHENLOHE-LANGENBURG, Max Egon von. Prince. German agent classified A. Listed as A157. Skoda representative. Address: Alberto Bosch 11, Madrid.

HOHNMANN, Heinrich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HOLKE, Otto. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Owner of machinery shop in Zumaya. Shipping agent. Address: Calle Tercio de Montejurra 4, San Sebastian.

HOLL, Karl. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HOLL, Karl Friedrich. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Martin. DOB. Birkenfeld, 6 May, 1906.

HOLLBERG, Wilhelm. Sargeant major. Repatriated on SS Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. German Embassy employee. PLANKERT's office. On Official List A-844. DOB. Bad- Kreuzba, 26 March, 1905.

HOLLENBERG- DORZOG, Lieselotte. Repatriated from Bilbao.

HOLLENSEN, Ruth. Repatriated on SS Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Wife of a former teacher at the German School sent to Germany for military service in 1945. Son:Juergen. DOB. Itzehoe, 30 May, 1916. E-73 Official List.

HOLLMANN, Else / Elisabeth. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Doctor of Science. Barcelona.

HOLM, Heinrich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HOLMANN, Franz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HOLNICK, Kurt. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Representative. Alameda de Urquijo, 32, Bilbao. Born Dresden on 24 March 1899. Passport No. 81/39 issued Bilbao on 22.5.39. Member of DAF.

HOLTRUP, Maria. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Martin. DOB. Aheln, 10 April, 1915.

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HOLZAPFEL, Erich. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 4/8/1920 in Nordhausen Prov. Sachsen. Address in Germany, 1946: Scharnhorststr. 24, Nordhausen Prov. Sachsen (Soviet zone).

HOMERICH / HOMMERICH, Heinrich Hans. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 24/4/1920 in Muelheim/ Eifel. Address in Germany, 1946: Bergstr. 2, Duisdorf bei Bonn / Rhein.

HOMRICHAUSEN, Fritz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HONIGMANN, Fritz Gunter. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801- 2850: Av. de las Universidades 6, 2o dcha., Diaz Atauri, Bilbao. Born Aachen, 2 Nov. 1905. Passport issued Essen 1 1 .6.43 - No. 529/43. Member of NSDAP.

HONNEBOLD, Walter. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HONSIK, Gerd. ( From Wikipedia) : Honsik was a functionary in the Austrian "Volksbewegung"[2] ("People's Movement"), also known as "Volksbewegung gegen Uberfremdung" ("People's Movement against Foreign Infiltration") and "Auslander-Halt- Bewegung" ("No More Foreigners Movement"), [3] as well as in Austria's far-right NDP party. [2] He was the founder of a militia group, the Nationale Front, which according to its manifesto carried out activities to effect "the abolition of the system". [4][5]

He has also appeared under the pseudonym "Gerhon Endsik",[6] an anagram of the syllables of his name extended by two letters, intended to allude to the (politically charged) German term Endsieg ("final victory").

Honsik has been fined and sentenced to jail in several Austrian court cases due to his activities as a Holocaust denier.[2] He evaded his most recent sentence by fleeing the country,[7] and residing in Spain until 24 August 2007[8] when he was arrested in Malaga[9] after a recent change in Spanish legislation. On the 4th of October 2007[1 0] Honsik was extradited to Austria to serve out an 18-month prison sentence stemming from a 1992 conviction for Holocaust denial. [7] Spain had previously refused requests to extradite Honsik because Holocaust denial and neo-Nazi propaganda were not illegal in that country. Honsik was only extradited after two European-wide arrest warrants were issued at Austria's request.[11]

While in Spain Honsik contributed to the magazine Halt ("Stop") at irregular intervals. [12] The magazine publishes Holocaust-denying and anti-Semitic articles. Honsik also wrote a book, "Hitler Innocent?", [13] in which he attempts to justify some Nazi-era crimes.

On 27 April 2009, Honsik was sentenced to five years in prison in Austria for propagating Holocaust denial, [1 4] later reduced to four years. [1 5] The prosecutor argued that Honsik is "one of the ideological leaders" of Europe's neo-Nazi movement and that his distribution of "hate magazines" at schools violated Austrian law. During the trial, Honsik called himself "a social democrat" and stated that he only "rejected the textbook wisdom that demonizes National Socialism" and he only denied the existence of the gas chambers used in

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concentration camps "wherever I had not verified the (facts) myself". At one point, Honsik began screaming and pounding his fists after the judge denied his requests to introduce evidence which the court had deemed irrelevant. [1 1]

Honsik denied the charges and said he would appeal the verdict; the prosecutor stated that he also would appeal to seek a longer jail-term of up to 20 years.

HOPPE / HOPP, Alfredo / Alfred. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Al. Mazarredo 17, Bilbao. Born in Spain and married to a Spanish woman. Partner of Hoppe y Ci'a., insurance and shipping agents. Engaged in German intelligence work. According to SCHLINDER, HOPPE came to Spain in 1933 and was director of S. A Kromschroeder, Barcelona.

HOPPE, Otto. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HOPPE, Wilhelm. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Specialist in aviation and chief of machinery in San Pablo airfield, Sevilla. Born in 1905.

HOPPICHLER, Josef /Jose. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Mechanic. Bilbao. Born about 1902.

HORCHER BENEMANN, Otto. German agent classified B. Listed as B158. Restaurant owner. Address: Alfonso XII 6, Madrid. . From Hans SOMMER's CI interrogation: Born: 1893. Died 7 March 1976 in Madrid. 1.74m oval face balding blond hair. Fife end two children living with him in Madrid.

From Roberts Commission's card files on art looting suspects:

"Address: Alfonso XII 8, Madrid (restaurant). (...). Married to Elizabeth HORCHER. Both are employed by SD. Wife is considered more dangerous than the subject. Subject is a personal friend of GOERING. Employed for a while in cipher room of German Embassy in Madrid (November 1943).

Famous in hotel profession. Had restaurants in Berlin and Paris. Paid a visit to Berlin in 1943; returned to Madrid to set up his restaurant there.

Reported to have come to Spain in November 1943 with three loads of art treasures to be put in safe-keeping.

Used Baquera, Kusche y Reinholdto ship provisions to German troops via Switzerland, with the help of MEYER.

Known to Otto GRAEBENER as "The eye of the Gestapo in Madrid"

HORCHER, Elisabeth / Elizabeth. Nee WEBER. SD agent in Madrid. Wife of Otto HORCHER. Died in Marbella 25 January 1991. German Passport No 1956. Address: Hotel Palace or Alfonso XII, 8, Madrid, "Arrived at Hotel Ritz, Barcelona, from S'Agaro on 24 August 1944; left for Madrid next day . (Germans have a hostel, the Hogar Aleman, at S'Agaro) (Fom Records of the American Commission for the Protection and Salvage of

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Artistic and Historical Monuments in War Areas (The Roberts Commission), 1943-1946 > Geographical Card File on Possible Art-Looting Subjects > Spain >)

HORN, Edgar. , Still in Spain in September 1946. Brother in law of Rudolf Hess. With Luftwaffe machine/tools business. According to MINAMEYER: He was co-worker of the staff of SPEER and had to purchase in Spain large quantities of machine-tools for the account of the Luftwaffe. Whe the transportation of the machines were not possible via France, HORN appeared again in Spain with the power of attorney to have the purchase made undone and cash the money returned. He stated that he should use the returned money for urgent secret purchases in Spain. One of the suppliers of machines was Dr. LIESAU, Madrid ; another one was MINAMEYER, who tried to pospone the repaine following instructions from Col. EBRIGHT (US Embassy) but HORN got in touch with General KRAHMER and the following settlement was made: The ready machines were transferred with the title of ownership to the Banco Germanico. On the total value of the repayment, amounting circa 1 .900.000 pts, the bank (Director was WEDEKIND) issued a credit of 1.000.000 Pesetas. This sum was deposited in the German Embassy in the safe of KRAHMER. Several months after the end of the war, WEDEKIND gave to HORN a second credit amounting to 500.000 pts. HORN and WEDEKIND were living in grand style. They were lied in the eviction II, but remained in Spain in July 1946.

The following persons had to account for this money belonging to the German State: 1 ) General KRAHMER for the deposit of 1 .000.000 Pesetas. He had several more of these deposits in his safe; 2) HORN, regarding the second credit of 500.000 pts., as well as regarding the use of the expenses cashed in the amount of 30-50.000 pts. 3) WEDEKIND for having granted a credit without justification. In the same line he had granted credits to the enterprises of SALVICHES; 5) Dr. LIESAU and a firm in Barcelona.

HORN, Martin. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HORNISCH, Arthur. Hauptamtsleiter. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

HORSTMANN, Wilhelm. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HORWITZ, Walter. Registered as repatriated on Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946 but still In Spain in December 19 1946. In files of the Office of Political Affairs, American Embassy, Madrid.

Claimed to be a refugee, but believed to be organizer of chain in Barcelona in assisting Germans in France to enter Spain clandestinely. Brought to repatriation center under police escort. He had been receiving aid from American relief organization. E-126 Official List. DOB. Hamburg, 21 August, 1895.

HOTHAN, Hermann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HOTTE, Friedrich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

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HOUDSCHAAL, Kikko. Marine Marlin deportees categories A, B September 1946.

HOSP, Alfred. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Counsellor.

HOVEL, Cecilia von. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Mexico, 6 November, 1905. Children: Hildegard, aged 13, and Louis Ferdinan, aged 9.

HOVEL, Karl. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HUBER, Hans Dr. German agent classified B. Listed as B159. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Works at German Embassy, Madrid and was a manager of the nitrogen syndicate, Stickstoff-Syndikat G.m.b.H., an independent firm, to whom all the nitrogen producers in Germany had entrusted the sale of the nitrogen produced by them. The Syndikat was a company connected with /. G Farben. Still in Spain in autumn 1946. Address: Grijalba 1, Madrid.

HUBER, Heinrich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HUBER, Xaver. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HUBNER, Kurt. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Bilbao. Engineer. Born about 1897.

HUCKE, Margarita Josefina. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Madrid, 1908.

HUEBNER, Maria. Repatriated on SS Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. With 2 children: Ingeborg Maria and Rudolf Karl. E-74 Official List. DOB. Vienna, 4 April, 1919.

HUESBSCHUMANN. Agent classified lll-A in OSS records. Professor and lecturer. Zaragoza.

HUF, Josef. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HUIK, Emil. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850:Minerales de Espaha. Employee. Alameda de Urquijo 18, 4o. Born Riga (Lettland). 26 June, 1911. Passport No 2963/37 issued Hamburg 4.9.1937. Member of NSDAP and formerly SA (1934- 1938).

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HULSEN / HUELSEN, Wolfgang. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugoy las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

HUMBERT, Ina Maria. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Koln, 30 October, 1919.

HUMMEL, Friedrich. O/Lt. Chief of Referat II, KO Spanlen from 1942 to March 1944. The appointment of Friedrich HUMMEL, a well known swimmer, to succeed RUDOLF in 1943 paved the way of the most successful period // KO Spain's history. Missions were completed against Gibraltar, allied orange freighters, and after Italy's surrender, Italian vessels in Spanish harbors. A "cease action" order was received from Berlin in March 1944, and HUMMEL was recalled for more important assignments as head of the Leitstelle II West, FA.

HUMMEL, J.C. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. German soldier. Crossed into Spain from France, August, 1944. Born about 1903. Formerly a medical orderly in German field and later member of special troops. Address: Tiziano 14, Barcelona.

HUNCK, Theodor. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HUNGER, Wilhelm. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 15/5/1916 in Habermar Westerwald. Address in Germany, 1946: Schwantalerstr. 53, Frankfurt/ Main (American zone).

HUPCHEN, Theodor. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

HURTMULLER/ HURTMUELLER, Josef. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

IHLKE Commercial manager of Cia de Lanas. Smuggler

INDLEKOFER, Werner. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Ergingen, 26 March, 1912.

INGENBAUHAUS, Karl Friedrich. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 16/11/1922 in Duisburg/ Meiderich. Address in Germany, 1946: Ohlsbach Offenburg, Baden/ Baden. Radio operator. Subject worked for the Bureau Plank ert where his main job was to monitor French and English band waves of which he sent the text of the messages through Madrid to Berlin for decoding. Subject released to Ohlsbach near Offenburg/Baden

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ITZELY, Josef. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

JABLONOWSKI / JABLONOFSKI, Else Minna Margarete. Wife of Walter JABLONOWSKI. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Martin. DOB. Berlin, 12 July, 1894. B-206.

JABLONOWSKI / JABLONOFSKI, Walter Oscar Adolf. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Cryptologist. Runs an electric shop. Address: Francisco Gourie 103, Las Palmas. Repatriated from Spain in September 10 1946 but also Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Hohennalza 21 September, 1897. B-205.

JACHT, Karl. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). DOB.20.12.1892 in Munster, Westfalen SS-Nr. 59446

1 2.08. 1 938 SS-Obersturmbannfuhrer

00.11.1942 Hoherer SS- und Polizei-Fuhrer, Waffen-SS

00.01.1944 SS-Dienststelle Heilimeyer, Waffen-SS

JACKEL, Anton. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

JACOB, Manuel. Representative. Henao 6, 4°, Bilbao. Born Bilbao on 27.12.05. Passport No. (not given) issued Bilbao 24.7.36.

JACOB, Otto. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1 941 ).

JAEGER, Dr. Consul General de Alemania en Barcelona 1940.

JAEGER, Ernst. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Carbonero y Sol 18, Madrid. Married. Two children in 1946. Managing director of German Chamber of Commerce in Spain. Member of NSDAP.

JAEGER, Hans Karl. Agent classified lll-A in OSS records. Professor of biology. Born 1890 at Weingarten, Germany. Address: Bella Vista, Dos Hermanas, Sevilla.

JAENICKE, Ernst. Berlin Press Chief. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

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JAHN, Max Gotthelf. Repatriated from Spain by air (dates from January 29 to February 25, 1946). Po. No. 0092. Born on 22 February 1891 in Drachenberg/Selesia.

Subject was employed with the German Foreign Office as follows:1931-1933: Kanzlerat the Embassy in Bangkok; 1937-1938: Consulate General, Brisbane Branch Office; 1938: Returned to Germany; 1943: German Embassy in Madrid, then recalled to the Foreign-Office in Germany; 1914: Returned to Madrid. Subject released to Ludwigsburg, Holbeinstr. 61.

JAHNKE, Karl. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Reichbank counsellor.

JAKSCH, Arno. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

JANENSCH, Edmund. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

JANK, Gustav. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

JANK, Hermann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

JANKE, Hermann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

JANNER, Dr. Hans. Agent classified lll-A in OSS records. Instructor at a German College in Madrid. Still In Spain in December 19 1946. In files of the Office of Political Affairs, American Embassy, Madrid.

JANSEN, Christoph. Manager of Depositos de Carbones de Tenerife. Connected with MESSNER.

JANSKI, Eric / Erich. German agent classified B. Listed as B160. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Expelled from Spanish Morocco, September 1944. Repatriated from Spain by air (dates from January 29 to February 25, 1946). Po. No. 0758. Tailor. Address: Alonso Cano 65, Madrid.

JANSON, Albert Ludwig. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Eisenach, 17 September, 1912.

JANSSEN, Peter. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

JAUSCH, Werner. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Colmnitz, 25 May, 1924.

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JENTSCH, Paul. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Tresmafil S.A. Colon de Lareategui 36 -5°, Bilbao. Born Trebow (Ost-Sternberg), 5 Feb. 1894. Passport No. 866 issued Brussel 26.11.37. Member of NSDAP and DAF

JESCHAL, Albert Karl Otto. Repatriated from Bilbao. Marine Marlin deportees categories A, B September 1946. Born on 17 May 1910 in Frankfurt/Oder. Subject was a member of the German Embassy in Madrid where he served as radio operator in the Bureau Plankert. Subject released to Kotzenhof near Lenf/Peinitz. A-238 and IV Priority List. First priority to be interrogated.

JENKE, Willy. Abwehr. Vice-Admiral CANARIS' adjutant. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

JESCHEK Ernst Franz. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 12/10/1920 in Huttendorf Kr. Hohenelbe. Address in Germany, 1946: Obere Torstr. 45, Markt Oberdorf 13b, Bayr. Allgau (American zone).

JESCHONNEK, Adolf. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

JESSEL, Friedrich / Fred SCHMIDT. Headmaster at German college, Malaga. Born about 1908.

JNDLEKOFER, Werner. Repatriated from Bilbao.

JOB, Karl. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

JOCKEL, Karl. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSSrecords).

JOHANN. Connected with KAPSS and AUERBACH.

JOHANNSEN, Heinz. Dr. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1 941 ). Formerly consular secretary at German Embassy in Washington.

JOHN, (fnu), alias JOHNNY. From Nuernberg Interrogation Records > ... OCCPAC Interrogation Transcripts And Related Records > Schreiber, Aloys: Former police attache in Spain and Portugal. Recalled for disagreement with German ambassador. Worked with IVbA in 1942 and 1943. Was assigned to Sonderkommission LANGE in January 1944. Returned to Berlin January 1945. Became a member of an SS Einsatz Kommando, presumably in Hof. Married a German woman in Spain, divorced her later. Born about 1910, 1.75m, big hooked nose, deep scar on left cheek, swarthy complexion.

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JOHN, Adolf. German agent classified A. Listed as A161. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. German consulate, Barcelona.

JOHN, Walter. German. Repatriated on SS Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Technician employed by the Spanish Government for weather station. A-989 on Official List. DOB. Dresden, 30 December, 1907.

JOHS, Max. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. A director of the Hitlerjunge, Madrid. Address: calle Fortuny 15, Madrid.

JONG, Jan de. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Technician. Engineer. Born Hamburg about 1885. Bilbao and San Sebastian.

JOORMANN, Engelbert. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

JORDA, Francisco. From Roberts Commission Card Files on possible art looting suspects: Spanish. Address: Hotel Albert f, Place Rogier, Brussels; 77 rue Bosnie, St. Gilles, Brussels (wife). Reported to have left for Switzerland via Germany, 31 Aug 44

Background: Born Ginesta, Tarragona, 20 Feb. 1903. Married to Renee BAUDELET, Belgian; one son, Francois. Arrived in Belgium from St. Etienne, 16 Mar. 1921 .Occupation professed: hairdresser

Left for Switzerland via Germany, 31 Aug 44. Attached to Abt. VI. Falangiste and Germanophile.

From Roberts Commission reports, Art Project m-z. British memorandum dated 29 December 1944:

Subject: Possible Connection between S.D. and Stolen Art Treasures :

SWEERTS, the S/po and S.D. character now in 020, as you will recall, made a trip to Spain in July-august 1944 with one CHERUY who is now imprisoned in Belgium as an S.D. collaborator. CHERUY was recently interrogated primarily to check SWEERTS' version of the Spanish trip. Generally their stories coincided.

However both SWEERTS and CHERUY knew one SOLA Francisco (or Pietro) who was given by SWEERTS as an agent of Abt. VI, Sipo and S.D. Other 020 characters of S.D. fame who informed on SOLA are COLLET and GARITTE. In the course of his interrogation CHERUY gives the following information on SOLA which may be of interest to those persons in our organization interested in stolen art treasures.

"It was SWEERTS who introduced CHERUY to Pietro SOLA and Francisco JORDA. These two eminent figures of the racketeering world were described as buyers for the wine importing firm of WEI DEM ANN in Antwerp. However, they were catholic in their business interests, and willing to engage in any transaction which offered a quick return. They were Spanish subjects and lived in the Hotel Albert Premier, place Rogier, Brussels. CHERUY is unaware of any connection they may have had with the SD. When CHERUY met them they

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were proposing a deal whereby SWEERTS would arrange for their wine to be brought across the Belgian frontier in German military lorries to avoid customs duty. He does not know whether SWEERTS was able to follow up this proposition. They were also interested in the commercial aspect of Old Masters, and once asked CHERUY to sell a Rambrandt for them. He saw them in the company of a German Doctor (name unknown) and of a well-known Belgian art expert. Sometime between May and July they went with the latter to Monaco with a collection of pictures. They sometimes asked him to sell French francs. On one occasion JORDA asked him to change a hundred thousand French francs at the Brussels Bourse. He saw them for the last time sitting in a car outside the Bourse some four or five days before the arrival of the Allies. They told him that they were off to Switzerland."

From Roberts Commission reports, Art Project m-z. British memorandum dated 6 January 1945:

Subject: Possible Connection between S.D. and Stolen Art Treasures

Reference: Memorandum to V/48 this same subject, 29 December 1944

An XB report of 31 December 1944 from Brussels gives additional confirmation that Pietro

SOLA and Francisco JORDA, very possibly an S.D. team trafficing in famous paintings,

may now be in Switzerland having arrived there from Belgium via Germany."

JORDAN, Paul. Engineer. Madrid. Born about 1915.

JORDER, Gerhard. Repatriated from Bilbao.

JORDER/ JOERDER, Hanna. Repatriated from Bilbao. Sister-in-law of Hilde JORDER. DOB. Trieburg, 22 May, 1924.

JORDER, Hans. Repatriated from Bilbao.

JORDER/ JOERDER, Hilde. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Kehl, 7 November, 1910.

JORDER, Otto. Dr. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. Director of the German Cultural Center, Pamplona.

JORDER, Peter. Repatriated from Bilbao.

JORG, Walter. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

JOST, Heinz Maria Karl. SD officer and original Chief of the Ausland-SD, Amt VI (Department VI) of the RSHA. Commander of Einsatzkommando A (29 March - 2 September 1942). SS N° 36243. Joined SS 25 July, 1934 NSDAP N°75. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugoylas Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

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JOSWIG, Johann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

JOUSTRA, Hauke Bert PATTIST. Waffen SS officer. War criminal. Born 1906. Sentenced to life imprisonment by the Leeuwarden Special Court (Aussenstelle Assen), 30 September1948, for atrocities commited near Hoogeveen between 15 November 1944 till 15 February 1945. Captured 6 May 1945 in Veendaal. He escaped 22 November 1946. Living in Ribadesella, Oviedo since 1956. He received Spanish nationality 30 March 1968 (the Minister of Justice who signed was Antonio Maria de ORIOL y URQUIJO) {B.O.E. No 188, 6 Agosto 1968). Spain denied his extradition till 1983 (being Spanish Minister of Justice Fernando LEDESMA BARTRET).

JUERGES / JURGES, Heinrich. Repatriated from Spain in September 10 1946.

JUGLER, Wolfgang-Dietrich. Born 7 March 1922. Died 1 Octubre2011 in Marbella. Platoon CO-Ustuf 1st SS-Panzer Division Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler.

JUHNKE, Kurt Artur. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 26/12/1914 in Berlin-Moabit. Address in Germany, 1946: Theaterstr. 12, Bieberach bei Augsburg.

JUNEMANN FICHTNER, Heinrich. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Pintor Sorolla 4-6, Valencia. Born April 16, 1904 at Meissen. Married to a Sapniard. Three children in 1946. Manager of Valencia firm Vda. de Ramon Huguet Diago. Member of DAF. Still on Proclaimed List in 1946.

JUNG, Hermann. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 12/8/1901 in Rheinbrohl am Rhein. Address in Germany, 1946: bei Johannes PFAFF, Kleinblankenbach, Unterfranken (American zone).

JUNG, Kurt Karl Herbert. Listed as arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946 but listed for departure on SS Marine Marlin, scheduled to leave the Port of Bilbao about Agust 31 , 1946.. German. DOB. 1/3/1911 in Hanau. Address in Germany, 1946: Bachstr. 23, Hanau (American zone). German formerly employed as technician by the Spanish Government. He was technical instructor of weather station at Santaeugenia de la Rivera near Vigo. He received his pay from FINK, german agent and cashier of the German Naval Attache. He also turned over large quantities of valuable material at the end of the war to the Spanish Government without compensation and has signed a statement listing nine definite items wich were surrendered. Since the end of the war he has been working in Madrid with the Spanish Air Ministry receiving 2000 Ptas a month.

JUNGE, Margarete Hermine. German. Repatriated on SS Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946 . Former customs house employee. E-76 Official List. DOB. Wilhelmsburg, 21 November, 1902.

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JUNGFLEISCH, Peter. Representative. Ercilla 39, Bilbao, (believed to be in German Army). Born Duppenweiler on 25 June 1906. Passport No. 22/39 issued Bilbao on 21.2.39.

JUNGHANS / JUNGHANNS, Walter. Gestapo agent classified B. Listed as B162. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Owner of Bar Erika, calle Silva 16, Madrid. Address: Desengano 6, Madrid. Engaged in sabotage of Allied ships with bombs hidden in fruit and vegetables cargos brought from Spain to UK.

JURIS, Karl. Still In Spain in December 19 1946. In files of the Office of Political Affairs, American Embassy, Madrid.

JURSCH, Ott. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

JUST BAUMAYER, Wolgang. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Paseo de Gracia 56, Barcelona. Chemical technician with Flix. Member of NSDAP.

From OSS, WASH SPDF, Docs. 526/550: " According to the Embassy records one Dr. Wolgang JUST is Administrador Delegado of Flix. A credit report states that he was born in Germany and came to Spain in 1940 to take an important position with Electro Quimica de Flix. He is a Nazi and according to the commercial report has funds on deposit in Barcelona banks and in shares, probably of the Flix corporation. He is not known to own real property.

A report obtained from Attache Medalie's office evaluated as A-2 states that one Wolfgang JUST who was born in Leipzig on July 31, 1 901 , arrived in Barcelona from Flix on February 10, 1941. He has passport or residence card No 26/Y issued at Leipzig on September, 1944."

KAAP, Erich. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Martin. DOB. Berlin, 1 December, 1898. A-748.

KABORTH / KABOTH, Kurt. German agent. Repatriated on SS Highland Monarch 7

March, 1946. Former Lufhansa mechanic. E-127 Official List. DOB. 16 December 1906.

KACHELECK, Bernhard. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Urquijo 86, pral. izq., Bilbao. Born Hammer, 25 April 1899. Passport No. 40/38 issued Bilbao 5.7.38. Member of DAF.

KACZMAREK, Richard. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KADNER, Rudolf. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Benito Gutierrez 9 (1935) and Serrano 17, Madrid. Born Schmederberg, Saxony, November 21, 1897. Divorced Jewish wife on order of Nazis. German art dealer and bookseller. Book-store in Madrid.

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The shop was a secret Gestapo meeting place. In contact with members of NSDAP. Opened a big store in Madrid and a farm outside of Madrid. He received money on loan from the German Embassy in Madrid (about 150.000 pts.) endorsed by Gesandschaftsrat PETERSEN Related to a Mr. LICHTENSTEIN, TUCHOLKA ENGE, R.M. and PETERSEN. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. Chief of services of the Library and Book center attached to the German Embassy, Madrid. Owner of a state in Navacerrada, Madrid, where several nazis comrades hid from Allies: see HOFFMANN and KEMPE.

KAEHLER, Gunther / Gunther. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

KAEHLER, Helmut Theodor. Repatriated on SS Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Instructor in German School, Bilbao. A-705 on Official List. Wife: Gertrude Hertha Maria; children: Dieter, Ingrid. DOB. Luebeck, 20 June, 1907.

KAEHLER, Kurt. GIS agent in Valencia and Barcelona. Representative for German Ministry of Food and Agriculture (Reichsministerium fur Ernahrung und Landwirtschaft).

KAESEBIER-JUNGE, Heinz. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Berlin, 17 September, 1914. Marine Marlin deportees categories A, B September 1946. A-244 and IV Priority List. . First priority to be interrogated.

KAETEN, Ludwig. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Koln, 1 September, 1911. A-245 and IV Priority List.

KAFKA, Karl. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KAHIERSCH, Richard. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KAHLEN, Fritz. Repatriated on SS Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. German Embassy employee, PLANKERT's office. A-246 on Official List. DON. Halberstadt, 10 October, 1916.

KAHLENBERG, Paul. Commander Censure section. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

KAIE, Karl. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 12/8/1887 in Helze/ Hannover. Address in Germany, 1946: Buergemeisterwall 57/1, Nordheim/ Hannover (British zone).

KAISER, Lt., Agent from HWK related to diamonds and jewels smuggling in Barcelona.

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Connected with THEBE, URBANECK, WENDEL, KONNEKE, Consul RUGGEBERG and German jeweler Rudolf BAUER

KAISER, Adolf. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KAISER, Ernst. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KAISER, Heinrich Wilhelm. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Martin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Herford, 7 February, 1925.

KAISER, Marcel. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KAISER, Wilhelm. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KALBHENN, Philipp. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KALCKSTEIN, W. von. Commander Abwehr. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugoy las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

KALK, Heinz. Commander Physician. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

KALLAB, Fritz. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1 941 ).

KALLAB, Hermann. German agent classified B. Listed as B163. Official of Amt VI in Spain and operated on the Franco-Spanish border. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Repatriated from Spain by air (dates from January 29 to February 25, 1946). Po. No. 0773.

Interrogated between February and May 1946. British Reports. Until 1930 in Buenos Aires working for Staud & Co. and until 1935 for Menneshamm in Concordia, Panama and Santa Fe. In 1936 in Peru for Dobbertyn of Hamburg. In 1941 for Rowak in Berlin. Sent to Spain as employee of Sofindus but mainly working for the Abwehr.

From: U.S. Army. European Command. Intelligence Division, Wartime activities of the German diplomatic and military services during World War II, November 18, 1949: " SD Agent. Born on 7 August 1910. Since 19141 subject was manager of the branch office of the firm Sofindus in Madrid. Since July 1941 he was employee of the RSHA, Division 4. The reason he was employed with the Sofindus firm was to cover his activities with the RSHA. He was during the war a very capable and fanatic agent, of the SD. Subject released to Purchbach am Woerthersee, Haus Heimgarten.

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KAMERBEEK, Willi. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Andernach, 29 October, 1916.

KAMLL, Ludwig Flaks. Agent classified lll-A in OSS records. Teacher of German at Airforce Academy of Los Alcazares, Cartagena, Murcia.

KAMM, Wilhelm. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KAMMANN, Guillermo / Wilhelm. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Muntaner 461, Barcelona. Director of Faust y Kammann S.A. Acting Nazi leader. Vice- President of the Asociacion de Ensenanza Alemana in 1 934.

KAMPF, Rudi Otto. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 22/12/1912 in Dresden. Address in Germany, 1946: Rankestr. 44 II, Dresden (Soviet zone).

KANAMULLER, Otto. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KANTHAK, Kurt. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. W/T operator.

KAPPS. Connected with AUERBACH and JOHANN. Interest in a gas company in Madrid. His cloak man was a Spanish lawyer: DOVAL who worked for Banco Vizcaya.

KARDEL, Julius. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Representative. Av. del Ejercito 36, 2£, Algorta. Born Hamburg on 8 August 1891. Passport No. 50/41 issued Bilbao on 25.5.41. Member of NSDAP and DAF

KARGER, Karl. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KARL, Alfons. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KARN, Ludwig. Commander Engineer. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

KARRAIS, Max Friedrich. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 3/8/1917 in Bamberg, Bayern. Address in Germany, 1946: Buchkastr. 6, Dachau bei Munchen (American zone).

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KARSTADT / KARSTANDT, Hugo. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Calle Calvo sotelo 2, Miranda de Ebro, Burgos. Born Ohringen (misspelled in all documents Chorinden orCreinden), Prussia, March 14, 1894. Engineer with Fefesa. Member of NSDAP, SA and NSV. Passport No. 6343 issued Hamburg 26.8.42.

KARSTEN / KAETEN, Ludwig. Repatriated from Bilbao.

KARSTEN, Karl. Capt. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Attached to German administrative service. Born about 1901. Businessman in Antwerp prior to war. Has been in S. America, France and Africa. Lives in Spain.

KARSTEN, Rudolf. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KASEBIER, Heinz. Repatriated from Bilbao.

KASSLER, Rolf. Dr. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Vice-consul.

KASTIN. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Pamplona.

KASTNER, Albin. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KATZ, Manfred alias Charles BOYER, alias Alfredo THOMAS, alias Marcel BERGER, alias TOMAS. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. German agent classified A. Listed as A164. Address: calle Corcega, Barcelona and 45, Rue du Rempart St-Etienne, Toulousse. Connected with GABISON. From Roberts Commision, Card Files on Suspect, p. 1353: Instrumental in making first contact with MIEDL. Friend of SZKOLNIKOFF, white Russian smuggler. Subject was held in connection with the murder of Michel SZKOLNIKOFF, murdered June 9, 1945 near the town of El Molar (Madrid). Subject collaborated with a group of German agents headed by Bertie KOPKE and Don GREGORIC / GREGORIO, who met at the Bar Vienes. Has smuggled many cars into Spain from France through Puigcerda and Andorra. Has acted as double-agent for the French. KATZ bought whatever precious stones were offered. Connected in 1945 with DAVID, Max KAPLAN and one PEREZ, a jeweler.

Born July 2, 1 909 at Nidda. German Jew. 1 72m, brun, visage oval. At the end of 1 942 subject was imprisoned at Foix by the French for security reasons, but was released in February 1943 on intervention of Germans. After this worked with Germans at Toulouse, spezializing in informing on patriots. He received a large sum of money for denounce members of Resistance. Several times subject was used as envoy by Germans to Spain and Portugal, during which time he transported into Spain objects stolen by the Germans in France. For this service subject received a large fortune (several million francs). In Spain subject got in touch with the Allies and informed on the SD in Toulouse in an effort to clear himself. After May 1944, subject remained in Spain with his family (mother, father, two

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sisters, one of them married with three children and his brother in law). KATZ's brother, who was living in Hollywood applied for visas for his family.

KAUFMANN, Franz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KAUFMANN, Paul. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KAUTSCHKE, Fritz Georg alias FEHLEISEN, Fritz, (Federico). Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 2/2/1898 in Goerlitz). Major. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Employee of Focumin and German agent, employee for transportation matters. Notwithstanding, he certified and undersigned under oath, before US authorities, that he never was connected or had had any connections with I.G. Farben, Sofindus or Flick

In Spanish list. Address in Germany: Baldingerweg 4, Ulm (Danube) (American zone).

KAUTZ, Fritz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KAVEL, Georg. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Reichbank counsellor.

KAYSER, Eberhard. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Representative. Rodriguez Arias 32, Bilbao. Born Hegnach, Waiblingen, on 8 December 1889. Passpart No. 5/34 issued at Bilbao on 20.2.34.

KEDING, Karl. Clergyman. Berlin-Oberschoenweide, Frischensstrasse 7. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

KEERL, Frank. Member NSDAP working for Banco Aleman Trasatlantico.

KELLER, Korv. Kpt. I-M, KO Spanien, Algeciras and Tangier, (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain)

KELLER, Emil. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Ex-legionaire. Ex vegetable merchant in Marrakech, French Morocco. Born July 5, 1905 or 1906, Entingen or Munich. Lives in Sevilla.

KELLER, Georg Anton. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. In Tangier, 1943. In Madrid, 1945. Born about 1908.

KELLERMANN, Wilhem. Sonderfuhrer. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Born 1904. Address in Barcelona.

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KELLNER, Hans. German agent classified A. Listed as B165. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Abwehr agent. About 47 years old in 1946, muscular, with brown hair and a dark complexion. He was an RSHA official employed by ll-F KO Spain until 1945 in Barcelona. Worked as secretary for Hermann GOERITZ. Internment postponed on account of illness, March 1945. Address: Freixa 6, Barcelona (home) and Consejo de Ciento 264, Barcelona (office). Posed as commercial representative.

KELLNER, Kurt. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KEMENA, Dr. A member of the firm Einhart & Co., in Madrid. Native of Dusseldorf where he engaged in the tin business. Member of the Gestapo. His mother owned the Baltik Cigarette Manufacturing Company.

Information from POSSE, Reichskommisar for Unilever in all Germany and foreign countries: KEMENA was wit MATZKE in Unilever in Paris until 1941 Or 1943 when they separated.

KEMKES, Heinz. Dr. . Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

KEMPE, Richard. Dr., Gestapo agent. Still in Spain in September 1946. Secretary to the German Embassy. From a US report: "He was one of the most dangerous Nazis in the Embassy. He protected criminal Party-members against Spanish police. He was an agent of the Wehrwolf (We have found the Wehrwolf-plan for Spain) KEMPE, since the collapse, is hiding in Spain, probably with the assistance of the brothers VICENTE". Hidden in Navacerrada, at KADNER's house. Responsible for the deportation of German anti-nazis.

KEMPF, Karl. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KENDZIERSKI, Richard. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KENSY, Adolf. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KERBER, Otto. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Demag S.L. Maria Diaz de Haro 22, 5o dcha., Bilbao. Born Donndorf 28 Jan. 1901. Passport No. 12/34 issued Bilbao 2.4.34. Member of DAF.

KERGEL, Erwin. Repatriated on SS Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. German Embassy employee engaged in setting up Arganda Radio transmitters. A-257 on Official List. DOB. Berlin, 29 December, 1902.

KERN. O/Fw. I-M, KO Spanien, Ceuta and Tangier (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain).

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KERNWACHS / KURNWACHS, Karl Theodor. Repatriated from Bilbao.

KERSCHER, Sebastian. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KESSEL, Wilhelm. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 20/6/1922 in Achen. Address in Germany, 1946: Bad Lippspringe, Westfalen (British zone).

KESSLER, Alfred Christian Friedrich. Repatriated on SS Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946 . Arrested April 4, 1946. B-222 Official List and III Priority List. In No 6 CIC Neuengamme. Internee No 609624. B-222 on Official List. Brought to repatriation center under police escort. Report of Interrogation by OMGUS, External Assets Branch, dated May 28, 1946: The subject was born at Hagen/Westphalia, Germany, on 21 December 1898, and went to Spain in 1928, remaining there until the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War. He married the daughter of Maria SEMINARIO, a Peruvian citizen with a personal fortune in Spain estimated to be Pesetas 400,000. She and KEESLER's wife, Anna Luisa HILBEK / HILBCK, are living at the Lima Country Club, Lima, Peru.

Upon leaving Spain at the beginning of the Civil War, KEESLER made a visit to Germany which lasted some four weeks. Without returning to Spain the subject and his family went to Peru, passing through Switzerland, France, Argentine and Chile. KESSLER claimed he spent the years of the Spenish Civil War in Argentine and Peru, remaining in the latter place until 1939.

On 14 August 1939 the interrogatee returned to Spain from Peru. He insisted that his only occupation was assisting in the management of a chicken farm, the Avicola Peruana Sociedad Ltda", near Alcala de Henares/ Madrid. He added that he had returned to Spain to determine the condition of the chicken farm, and that he had a round trip ticket. This farm was the property of KESSLER's mother-in-law. He alleged that she had provided him with $3,000 or $4,000, English pound sterling 1 ,600, and a letter of credit to the Banco Aleman Transatlantico for $500.

KESSLER claimed that he sold the farm, shortly after his return to Spain, for Pesetas 100,000. He added that the outbreak of war prevented his return to Peru. He used the funds provided by his mother-in-law and acquired from the sale of the farm to pay living expenses in Spain up to the time of his repatriation to Germany on the SS Highland Monarch in March 1946. The subject's declaration on MGAX(1) form indicated the following assets: Pesetas 353 and Peruvian Soles 300, on deposit in the Internment Camp; approximately Swiss francs 400 on deposit at the Schweizerische Bankgesellschaft Zurich, (stated to be funds transmitted by his mother-in-law for his subsistence), and approximately Pesos 15.000 credit at the Banco Aleman Transatlantico, Madrid, (also funds extended by his mother-in-law for subsistence).

The advances by his mother-in-law were, according to the subject, the only funds he had in Spain. He denied having engaged in any business other than the sale of the farm in Spain. During the interrogation KESSLER made reference to the Swiss francs 400 - declared on MGAX(1) -claiming them to be funds sent by his family in Peru and intended solely for his upkeep. He explained that his family had telegraphed the Banco Aleman Transatlantico, Madrid, through the Lima branch authorizing his use of the Pesetas paid in for the farm and extending him credit.

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Confronted with the charge of working for German financial and commercial intelligence in close contact with the Banco Aleman Transatlantico, Kessler denied this, insisting that a mistake had been made in identity of the Kessler accused. He added that a man named KESSLER, (no relation), had purchased the farm.

The subject said that he believed that one Pablo KESSLER, son of a Conrado KESSLER, connected with the Ritz Hotel, Madrid, is the agent referred to in information available to the interrogators. Pablo KESSLER was thought to be an Abwehr agent.

The farm in Spain was purchased from the subject by Conrado KESSLER through his lawyer, one Jose SOTO REGUERA, Madrid. The purchase price was paid to the Banco Aleman Transatlantioo, Madrid.

The subject has a brother, Alfredo KESSLER, who is a naturalized citizen of the United states, residing at 551 Fifth Avenue, New York City. Alfredo is engaged in the purchase and sale of stamps.

KESSLER, Josef. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KESTING, Wilhelm. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. Head of Nazi Party, Sevilla. Vice- consul in Sevilla. Civilian-Diplomat. Arrived Germany from Spain May 12, 1946. Born in 1893. Address in Germany: Arolsen, Waldeck, am Hebberg 174.

KETER, Robert. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KEYDEL, Herbert Wilhelm. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 7/3/1919 in Lubeck. Address in Germany, 1946: Dummersdorferstr. 68, Luebeck (British zone).

KICKEBUSCH / KIECKEBUSCH/ KIEKEBUSCH / KLECKEIBUSCH / KIECHEBUSCH, Eberhard. From Offiziersliste 03.01.39: Hauptmann (E) 01.04.34 (z.V. des OBH des Heeres) Oberstleutnant (01 .04.42). Lt. Col. Attache of German Embassy, Madrid. Born February 2, 1896, Guesen, Germany. Oberstleutnant. Abwehr KO Spanien. Referat I. Agent classified A and l-B in OSS records. Listed as A166. Post-war: He bought a state, Finca el Doctor, in Manzanares (Ciudad Real), valued 6.500.000 pts in 1959 {Agenda Cifra, 27 de febrero de 1959;.

Married a Miss. KUSSEROW.

KICKENWEITZ, Franz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KIECHLE / KIECHELE, Emilio J. S. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Calvo Sotelo 21, Madrid. Manager and owner of Hispanense Industrial y Comercial. Representative of the Brunner Waffenwerke. In Madrid. Involved in a important transaction, most likely of machine-guns, between Germany and Spain around 1944. Sold Skoda arms to Spanish Government. Mentioned in cloaking activities by LINDENBERG. Interrogated by Allied Control Commision about German armaments trade with Spain during war.

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KIEDERLE, Georg. Repatriated on SS Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. E-78 Official List. DOB. Augsburg, 27 November, 1909.

KIEFER ROBLEDO, Luis. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Viriato 65, Madrid. Born Madrid May 31, 1906 in Madrid. Married to a Spanish-born German naturalized Spaniard in 1946. Three children in 1946. Engineer with Osram. Member of NSDAP and DAF. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Nova, S.A. Ibaibide 15, 1°dcha., Las Arenas (Bilbao). Passport No. 7256 issued Madrid 27.6.34. Member of NSDAP and DAF.

KIES Robert Karl. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 16/12/1924 in New York.

KIND, Hermann. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Essener National Zeitung

KINDLER, Friedrich / Federico. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Technician in San Pablo airfield, Sevilla.

KINDLING, Albert (Richard Albrecht). German agent classified A. Listed as B168. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. In some documents appeared had left Spain in February 1945 but still there in December 19 1946. In files of the Office of Political Affairs, American Embassy, Madrid. Son of Richard KINDLING.

KINDLING, Richard. German agent classified A. Listed as A167. German consul. Address: Felipe Sanchez 24, Vigo.

KINER, Fritz Kurt Max. Repatriated from Bilbao.

KIPP, Abraham. "Nacido en La Haya el 2 de junio de 1917, este ex-oficial de policia durante la ocupacion alemana de Holanda fue condenado a muerte en ausencia en 1949, requiriendo ese pais infructuosamente su extradicion de la Argentina en 1988. Se embarco en Espana con destino a Buenos Aires el 22 de agosto de 1948 en el vapor Ulasa. Presento ante el Consul argentino en Madrid Pasaporte especial N° 1732148 y contrato de trabajo para radicarse en San Carlos de Bariloche. El 1° de julio de 1949 solicito Cedula de Identidad y mas tarde, el 3 de diciembre de 1952, duplicado de esta. El 30 de junio de 1960 presento solicitud de Pasaporte para viajar a paises de America y Europa Occidental. Declare ser argentino naturalizado, casado, con lugar de trabajo en Cangallo 524.

Posteriormente, el 16 de enero de 1968, solicito un triplicado de su Cedula de Identidad declarando ser corredor mercantil con domicilio en Suipacha 472 - 1er. piso. El 09 de marzo de 1989 la Division Information de Antecedentes del Juzgado Federal de San Isidro, solicita antecedentes y fichas dactiloscopicas de Abraham Kipp, ya que posee pedido de captura en planilla computarizada del sistema IDGE. En la ficha se observa que hay un pedido de

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captura del Juzgado Federal Criminal y Correccional de San Isidro. El motivo de dicho pedido es la Extradiccion. Se hace referencia a un oficio del 11 de abril de 1989, en el cual la causa aparece caratulada como "EMBAJADA REAL DE LOS PAISES BAJOS S/SOLICITUD EXTRADICCION DE ABRAHAM KIPP". El legajo fue solicitado por el Departamento de Asuntos Extranjeros y Culto - Superintendencia del Interior." {Informe Final CEANA, Comision para el Esclarecimiento de las Actividades del Nazismo en la Republica Argentina)

KIRCH, Carlos / Karl. Barcelona. German agent classified B. Listed as B169. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Interned at Caldas de Malavella. February 1945. Running German netwoks in East Pyrenees.

KIRCHER, Frau Connected to VOESE, Walter.

KIRCHER Georg Kajetan. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 13/4/1902 in Wilhelm, Oberbayern. Address in Germany, 1946: Schmiestr. 14, Weilheim Obb. (American zone).

KIRCHER, Rudolf. Dr. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugoy las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Frankfurter Zeitung.

KIRSCHNER, Eva. Repatriated in Marine Perch 14 June 1946.

KIRSCHNER, Hans. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Eichfeld, 9 June, 1921.

KISCHIT, Eduardo. German agent classified B. Listed as B170. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Lived at Pasajes.

KISTENMACHER, Fritz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KISTNER, Fritz Kurt. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Hamburg, 1920.

KLAEBISCH / KLAEBISCH Y AMAM, Alfred Hans Frank, alias HIDALGO. German agent classified B. Listed as B171. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Interned at Caldas de Malavella but released to La Granja, Segovia, to recuperate from a skin disease. Repatriated by air from Spain between 29 January to 25 february 1946. Po. No. 0762. Interrogated between February and May 1946. British Reports. Born 1890 or 1895, Hamburg, Germany. In Spain during Civil War. Address: Av. Gen. Franco 520, Barcelona.

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His father was partner in the firm A.G Meukow & Cie. in Cognac with an Englishman named SHEPPARD. During the war SHEPPARD took over whole company.

In October 1943 KLAEBISCH, on instructions of the German Government, bought his father's share in Meukow i. e. 68% of the capital and 40% of the trade marks. Down payment of 1 .350.000 francs from a total of 6.000.000. This purchase was back/dated to June 1 941 and the money paid into SHEPPARD's account in France. KLAEBISCH had already drawn in 1946 from this company 2.000.000 francs.

His partner, a friend of the family, named Harold BUTLER was French. In 1944, a firm was founded in Barcelona, called Dentichlor which was in the name of KLAEBISCH's son-in- law, Jaime NIN-LLENAS. KLAEBISCH himself owned shares in the name of his wife, Gertrude BURCKHARDT and was owed 60.000 pts. by de company.

KLAEBISCH stated that he put Jose Maria GOMEZ REVERA / RIBERA / RIVERA into the firm Dentichlor as a "cloak", giving him 65.000 pts. to come in. He then retired from active interest in the company and his son-in-law NIN LLENAS took over. The money he gave GOMEZ was never repaid.

In March 1945 the firm A. Klaebisch, which he set up in Barcelona, was given to his daughter NIN-KLAEBISCH, but he was still on the books as a creditor for 62.000 pts. KLAEBISCH was connected with a Greek DRACOPOULOS in London.

KLAILE, Hugo. Repatriated on SS Highland Monarch. German Embassy employee. A-265 on Official List. DOB. Schw. Gruend. 28 March, 1913.

KLASCHKE, Hermann. First Counsellor of German Government. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugoy las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

KLAUS. V-Mann in Huelva, Referat I, IM, KO Spanien as of February 1945.

KLAUS, Hans. Intelligence agent in Spanish Morocco, Tetuan. Classified ll-B in OSS records. Mechanic.

KLAUS, Hermann. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Engineer. Born about 1905. San Sebastian.

KLAUS, Martin. Repatriated on SS Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. German Embassy employee. A-268 on Official List and III Priority List. DOB. 30 September, 1911.

KLEIBER, Hellmuth. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugoy las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Working for Nazi cabinet.

KLEIN, Heinrich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

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KLEIN, Johann / Joachim. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1 946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. 25 November, 1895.

KLEIN Otto. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Representative. Arechavaleta 2, 6o. Born Ettlingen, Baden; on 16 November 1895. Passport no. 1076/34 issued Barcelona on 28 December 1939. Member of DAF.

KLEINEMASS, Josef. Counsellor of German Government. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

KLEINERT, Wilhelm. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Industrial engineer. Came to Spain in 1943. In Sevilla in 1946. Born September 3, 1883 in Berlin.

KLEINHOLZ, Hermann. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Engineer. Born about 1885. Bilbao.

KLEMM, Otto Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

KLETT, Hubertus. Commander. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

KLEY, Albert. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Stuttgart, 20 February, 1922.

KLEY, Gerhard. Dr. Commander Physician. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

KLEYENSTUBER / KLEINSTUBER / KLEYENSTUEBER / KLEUENSTUEBER, Ernst Arno Paul, alias Arnold KLAMBE / KLAMKE, alias TORRE. Oberstleutnant. German agent classified A. Listed as A172. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Born February 15, 1912, Kiel, Germany. Travelled in Balkans, Athens, Sofia, Lisbon, France and Stockholm. Assistant air attache of the German Embassy in Madrid. Head of the Abwehr KO Spanien in Spain since 1 July 1944. Interrogated at CIC 76 near Asperg on February 7, 1946. British Reports. Repatriated January 31 1946.

Subject claimed to have been sent to Spain with the specific mission of smoothing strained relations between the Secret Service and the German Embassy in Madrid and consolidating intelligence activities in Spain. He was assisted by six officers of the German Wehrmacht:

(1) Max FRANZBACH, in charge of administration.

(2) Karl ZIMMER, assistant to FRANZBACH.

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(3) Lt. Col. Eberhard KICKEBUSCH / KIECKEBUSCH, in charge of information.

(4) Col. ROHRSCHEID, in charge of counter-intelligence.

(5) Lt. Comdr. OBERMULLER /OBERMUELLER, assistant to KICKEBUSCH.

(6) Capt. Dr. SCHONE / SCHOENE, in charge of liaison with intelligence agents operating in Spain but not under control of the Madrid office.

Subject declared that financial affairs were handled by FRANZBACH and ZIMMER. Normally the funds would be turned over to the Secret Service in Madrid by a courier from Berlin or by HEYDENRYNCH of the German Embassy in Madrid (...). The following assets remained and were turned to the proper authorities: (1) 5 boxes, each containing 5-10 Kg of gold, turned over to the Spanish police in May 1 945; (2) 1 00.000 Pesetas and some foreign currency, turned over to the Spanish Foreign Office in May or June 1945; (3) 130.000 Pesetas turned over to the Allied Commission for Spain in December 1945 (...).

Subject further stated that the Secret Service in Spain spent an amount averaging three to five million Pesetas per month. (Note by the interrogator: "It should be noted that this estimate of the organization's monthly expenditures is more than thirty times higher than that given by Georg DUSTERBERG, head of the Administration Section of the German Secret Service in Berlin until July 1944.")

He mantained that when he took over, total monthly Abwehr expenses were between 2 and 5 million, normal expenses being 3 million Pesetas.

From CI-CIR/12, 12 January 1946. Headquarters United States Forces European Theater Military Intelligence Service Center. APO 757. Subject: Referat II KO Spanien. born 1910 slender blond hair blue eyes

Career: Since 1941 Leiter 1-LuftAA/est, Amt Abwehr. Worked in German Embassy in guise of asst to air attache. Chiefly interested in I activities; II and III were hardly considered. Misc: May have been in Condor Legion in Spanish Civil War as flight officer. In Madrid until 5 Feb 45. Speaks some Spanish.

From OSS /CIA records declassified under Nazi War Crimes Disclosure Act:

"(...) probably in I Luft Ast Hamburg in May 1941, when he accompanied an Abwehrkommando to Athens; visited Spain in the winter of 1942/1943 with Major (illegible in copy), whom he succeeded in January 1943 as Gruppenleiter I Luft Abwehr Ast; visited Rome and the Balkans in February 1943; attended conferences held by Admiral CANARIS in Sofia and Kavalla in July 1943, when he again visited Rome; visited Madrid and Lisbon in August 1943 and made several journeys to France, Barcelona and Madrid between November 1943 and February 1944; when in Spain he used the alias of Arnold KLAMKE; conferred with Karl Heinz KRAEMER in Stockholm in June 1944; replaced Kapitaen zur See Wilhelm LEISSNER alias Gustav LENZ as Leiter KdM Spain early in September 1944; LEISSNER being intrunsted to remain at the disposal of the new Leiter, promoted Oberstleutnant in July 1943, probably married; rather short; clean shaven; dark complexion; very serious facial expression; described as intelligent and taciturn; passport Number 8293/42 issued in Berlin on 24 December 1942 name of KLEYENSTUBER and passport Number 11/1451/43 issued Berlin on 16 June 1943 under the name of KLAMKE."

From Safehaven Report from the American Embassy Madrid, dated 6 February 1946: "Lt. Col. Ernst Arno KLEYENSTUBER, Chief of the Abwehr in Spain since 1944, voluntareed in October 1945 to aid in recovering the Abwehr assets through Gerhard

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LINDERBERG and commenced interviewing his subordinates in and around Madrid. The activities of the group resulted in the immediate return of the equipment and the funds."

KLIEMANN, Richard / Ricardo. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Fuencarral 43, Madrid. Born Berlin, January 8, 1901. Married. Had two children in 1946. Technical business manager for Bilbao branch of Siemens. Leader of Nazi Party in Bilbao. Member of NSDAP and DAF. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801- 2850: Representative. Gregorio de la Revilla 14, Bilbao. Born Berlin on 5 January 1901. Passport No. 98/39 issued Bilbao on 7.6.39.

KLIKOW / KLICKOW, Reinhard Karl Heinrich. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21 , 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Neuenburg, 8 October, 1928.

KLINGE, Willi. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KLINGENBERG, Ernst. In Marine Perch file. German Agent. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Hisma Ltda. Employee. Address: calle de Larreategui 57, 4o izda., Bilbao. Born Lubeck, 18 May 1901. Passport No 41/38 issued Bilbao 14. 1. 1938. Member of DAF and Deutscher Verein, Bilbao. From Oss records, Washington Office, Special Funds Division Finance, Intelligence: Documents 3401-3450: General Pardinas 1 14, Madrid. General Manager of Baquera, Kusche y Martin, Plaza de las Cortes 3, Madrid On Board of directors of Nova, S.A., Sofindus, Hermann Gaertner, S.A.

KLINGENBIEL / KLINGEBEIL, Franz. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Wolfshaven, 2 November, 1920.

KLINGER, Franz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KLINGER, Hans. German agent classified B. Listed as B173. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Living in Puerto de la Luz. At one time head of the NSDAP in the Canary Islands.

KLINKE, Hermann. Counsellor. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

KLINKERT, Pablo / Paul. German agent classified D. Listed as D174. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Owner of Hotel Excelsior, Bilbao. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Born Peilau Schloessel (Reichenbach/schl.), 11 Aug. 1884. Passport No. 206 issued Nagold 17.2.37

KLINKERT Pablo, (son). German agent classified B. Listed as B175. Hotel Excelsior, Bilbao. W/T transmitter in Bilbao.

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KLOCKER, Andreas. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KLOESS, Ernst. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 1/9/1911 in Frankfurt/Main. Two sons: Ernst and Johen.

KLOSE, Georg. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KLOSE, Gustav. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Hisma Ltda. Lawyer. Address: Alameda del Puerto 21, Neguri, Bilbao. Born Hannover-Waldhausen, 16 April, 1898. Passport No 191 R/1 269/37 issued Berlin 14.12.1937. Member of NSDAP and NSRB and formerly SA (1933-1937).

KLOSTERER, Clemens. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KLUG, Josef. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KLUMP, Herbert. Dornier designer. Interrogated by Allied Control Commision about German armaments trade with Spain during war.

KLOPFER.Otto. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Winnenden, 19 April, 1920.

KNABE, Ernst. Counsellor. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1 941 ).

KNACKER, Otmar. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KNAPEL / KNAPPEL, Walter Wilhelm August. German formerly employed as technician by the Spanish Government. Listed for departure on SS Marine Marlin, scheduled to leave the Port of Bilbao about Agust 31, 1946. A-991 and IV Priority List. Born 4 February 1903 at Borkenhagen (Pomm). Stationed at La Coruna. DOB. Berkenhagen, 4 February, 1903.

KNAPER, Alfonso. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Technician employed at the San pablo airfield, Sevilla. Address: Hotel Nuevo Suizo, Sevilla.

KNAPMAN Arthur Thomas: British. Recruited by the Abwehr in 1941 as a paid agent, KNAPMAN established himself first in Barcelona then in Lisbon from where, he later claimed, he was abducted by the Gestapo to spend the rest of the war in Dachau. It was

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later shown that his move from Lisbon to Germany had been voluntary. Nor was his claim to have spent the rest of the war in a concentration camp ever established as fact.

KNAPPE RATEY, Friedrich / Federico. SD agent classified A. Listed as A176. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Address: Rafael Calvo 24, Madrid. Employed at Industrias Sanitarias Electro-Quimica. Interned at Caldas de Malavella, February 1945. Runner of agents, among them, PUJOL

KNAPPE, Fritz. Agent in Bureau FELIPE, Operation COSMOS, Algeciras (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on /-M Spain).

KNAPPE, Pablo. German agent classified A. Listed as A177. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Expelled from Tetuan for internment at Caldas de Malavella, February 1945.

KNAUS, Robert. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Maria de Molina 16, Madrid. Born January 21, 1900 in Vienna. Artistic painter who reportedly received order from HITLER for mural. Went to Spain about December 1943 to make studies for Haus der Deutschen Kunst, Munich. Exempted from military service by HITLER. Broadcast during war. Fanatic nazi.

KNECHT, Edmund. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KNIERIM, Heinrich. Member NSDAP working for Banco Aleman Trasatlantico.

KNITTEL, Gustav. Agent working for Bureau FELIPE, Operation COSMOS, Algeciras (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on /-M Spain).

KNOBLICH, Otto. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KNOBLOCH, Hans J. Kindler von. Consul in Alicante. SD agent and agent working for l-M, KO Spanien, Alicante (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain).

KNOLLER, Isqried / Isfried. Marine Martin deportees categories A, B September 1946. German formerly employed as technician by the Spanish Government.Listed for departure on SS Marine Marlin, scheduled to leave the Port of Bilbao about Agust 31, 1946. A-274 and IV Priority List. Born March 6, 1912 at Neu Aubing/Munich. Employed at Barajas. First priority to be interrogated.

KNOLLER, Siegfried. Repatriated from Bilbao.

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KNOPF, August Hans Richard. Listed A-635 I, I Priority. Repatriated from Madrid by army airtransport on 23 August 1946.

Born about 1899. DAF and NSDAP since 1930. Since end of May 1941 in Spain. Ingenieur Siemens Industria Electrica S.A, Barcelona and Firma Madrid. Worked in Cornelia. In July 1 942 he took over the technical management of the factory. (Ernst von SIEMENS, German director, visited the factory in April 1943). Ortgsgruppenleiter (Chief of the NSDAP) in Barcelona, which position he held until the autumn 1944, at the instance of THOMSEN, Party chief in Spain.. Address in Germany Heimstaettenstrasse, 38 bei Sperber Nuernberg. In Flight X file. Hauptsturmfuehrer'm RSHA AMT VI D since 1940. Offizier in Wehrmacht. Connected with THOMSEN, TESSMANN (Provisional chief of NSDAP in Spain) ,GEIGER, ARNOLD, ZIEGRA and HUWENS (Director of Banco Aleman Trasatlantico at Barcelona) Address in Germany Joachimstrasse 9, Berlin W15.

KNURA, Erich. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850:Minerales de Espaha. Employee. Gran Via 62, 3o. Born Hamborn, 5 February 1911. Passport No 879/37 issued Dusseldorf 25.8.1937. Member of DAF.

KOBOLD, Friedrich. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Paseo del Generalising Franco 27, Palma de Mallorca. Engineer with Cia. de Gas y Electricidad. Reported to own more than a million Pesetas' worth of jewels and to have acted as an intermediary for Jewish businessman, Claudio POMAR, owner of a jewelry shop Viana at Calle San Miguel 75, Palma.

KOCH, Friedrich. Cptn. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugoylas Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

KOCH, Heinrich. Cptn. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugoylas Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

KOCH, Use. Repatriated in Marine Perch 14 June 1946. Address in Germany Berlin SO 36, Puechlerstr. 17.

KOCH, Karl. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Former Customs inspector. San Sebastian.

KOCH, Wilhelm. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KOCHENBURGER, Philipp. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KOEHLER, Franz. German agent classified A. Listed as B178. Barcelona

KOEHLERMANN. German agent classified l-A in OSS records. German army, Cadiz.

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KOEHN, Fritz. Agent in Spanish Morocco .Ill-Unclassified in OSS records. Address: Hotel Nacional, Tetuan. Head od the German Academy.

KOEKLER, Emil. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KOELBLINGER / KOLBLINGER. From Obst/Lt Friedrich DERNBACH's CI Intermediate Interrogation Report (CI-IIR) No 57, dated 11 December, 1946: Lt. Ill-F Sachbearbeiter Nest Marseille.

Career: 1942 with KO Spain. February transferred to Nest Marseille. Summer 1943 exchanged with :ECKERT from Nest Rouen. Later belonged to an Abw Trupp.

KOENECKE / KOENNECKE, Rudolph / Rolf, German. SS U/Fuehrer. Krim O/Sek. About 42. years old in 1946, 1. 76 meters tall, slender, fair complected, with brown hair and blue eyes. He speaks German, English, and Spanish and lives in Madrid. He worked with the Office of Police attache in Madrid from 1941 to 1945. In 1942 he worked at the German Consulate in Bilbao for a short time. He was in the Condor Legion. Engaged in Wehrwolf activities. Address: Lagasca 72, Madrid.

KOENIG, Major. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Attached to German Embassy, Madrid.

KOENIG / KONIG, Johannes. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801- 2850: 1.G. Farbenindustrie A.G. Foreman (Unicolor). Address: Aguirre 9, Bilbao. Born Triesenheim, 16 February, 1884. Passport No 38/43 issued Ludwigshafen 24.5.1943. Member of DAF.

KOEPPELE. Friedrich von. German Government Counsellor. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

KOEPKE DEMOY / KOPKE DEMOY, Albert / Bertie. Abwehr agent classified A. Listed as A180. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Address: Av. Republica Argentina 70, Barcelona. Interned at Caldas de Malavella, November 1944. Business: his father owned a sausage factory at Figueras. Recruiting and running agents to Marocco and Argentina.

KOERBLER, Max. Dr. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

KOERNNECKE.Rolf

KOETTENDROP, Bernhard. Sergeant. Repatriated on SS Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. German Embassy employee. PLANKERT's office. A-854 on Official List. DOB. Aheln, 27 April 1915.

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KOHL, Herbert. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Berterode, 4 February, 1924.

KOHLENBREIN, Robert. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KOHLER / KOEHLER KOBLITZ, Ernst W. H. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21 , 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Hamburg 4 November, 1910. Marine Marlin deportees categories A, B September 1946. A-276 and III Priority List. First priority to be interrogated.

KOHLER / KOEHLER, Franz. German agent classified A. Listed as A178. Barcelona. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain.

KOHLER / KOEHLER, Karl. Commander Censure section. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

KOHLER, Karl. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KOHLER / KOEHLER, Paul From Hans SOMMER's CI interrogation: Amt VI agent. Deuxieme Bureau agent. Present Address: Pagomas*, Spain. Born: 1907 1.76m blond hair blue eyes

Career: Lived in Paris after 1924 and worked for the Pernod Co. Joined Amt VI in 1939 and was dismissed in 1942 for drinking. Joined the Abwehr and was sent to Nice in 1944. Joined the Deuxieme Bureau at the. start of 1945.

Misc: Lives with a woman named Gil BAUGNIAS (BAUGNIES) in Pagomas*, (Pagomas*: There is no such place, town or village in Spain)

KOLDIND / KOLDING. Abwehr agent in Spain.

KOLLOCH, Herbert. Engineer. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

KOLZ, Erwin. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KONEKAMP, Eduard. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Counsellor.

"Even earlier, in December 1 939, an official of the German Foreign Institute mentioned the connection between poverty and the desirability of destruction in a report about his trip through occupied Poland. This official, Dr. Eduard KONEKAMP, reported his observations on the first mass resettlements from the annexed western part of Poland to the eastern edge of the newly formed General Government:

Many Germans probably see Jews in such masses for the first time.... [The ghettos] are among the filthiest things imaginable. Here the Jews vegetate in quarters that are sometimes

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as much as four flights underground. The prevailing hygienic and moral conditions here are ghastly.

The kinds of "criminal Jewish types" milling about, his report continued, far surpassed the ones depicted by the Sturmer. But now "they are most vigorously enlisted to do labor, [and] those who do not appear for work are shot. " The latter assertion, however, corresponded to Konekamp's imagined desires rather than the reality at the time.

Konekamp, who after World War II was appointed Deputy Mayor of Stuttgart by the Allies, described in his 1939 report what were no doubt common German reactions when confronted with the poverty, exacerbated by wartime, of the Polish-Jewish residential quarters:

The destruction of this sub-humanity (Untermenschentum) would serve the interests of the entire world. But this destruction poses an extraordinarily difficult problem. Executions will not work. Also, one cannot allow women and children to be shot. Here and there one can also count on the losses incurred during evacuations, and 450 are said to have perished during a transport of 1,000 Jews from Lublin.... All the agencies concerned with the Jewish question recognize the inadequacy of these measures. But a solution to this complicated problem has not yet been found.

It took two more years until such visionary schemes of destruction, conceived by mid-level bureaucrats, were implemented. During this time German administrative practices produced conditions that made genocide appear reasonable and useful". Gotz Aly and Susanne Heim. The Economics of the Final Solution: A Case Study from the General Government. Translated by Norma von Ragenfeld-Feldman. Chapter 1, Part 1.

KONINCKX / KONINCK / KONINECKX, Charles Georg. From Roberts Commission, Subject file: Menten: "Belgian, member of Brussels firm Gerard Koninckx Freres. In Spain during the war as buyer for the Groupement Confiturier de Belgique. He is associated with Adrian OTELET, Ximex Company (both on the Proclaimed List), engaged in trucking and smuggling between Spain. France, and Belgium. He gives the Ximex office as his business address. He is in contact with Heinrich BAUER, Jean DUVAL, and Hans ROHRBACH. Probably served as liaison between the OTELET organization and MIEDL. Said to have made a fortune on the black market with the Germans. Lives in San Sebastian at Calle de las Duenas 3 with Marie HOEBACH (HORBACH?). Reported to have sold stolen works of art from France (see Roberts Commission. Subject files: Spain).

KONNEKE LENZ / KONNEKE Y LENZ, Johannes. Agent from HWK related to diamonds and jewels smuggling in Barcelona. Connected with KAISER, Lt.„ URBANECK, WENDEL, THEBE, Consul RUGGEBERG and German jeweler Rudolf BAUER

KONRAD, Rudolf. Corporal. Repatriated on SS Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Consular employee. PLANKERT's office. A-281 on Official List. DOB. Hessen, 23 April, 1914.

KONTETZKI, Wilhelm. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KONZELMANN, Lambert. German agent classified B. Listed as B179. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Ex-employee of German consulate, Tangier. Expelled to Spain, March 1943.

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KOPKC / KOPCKE DEMOY, Albert / Alberto. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Businessman. Born between 1895 and 1905 in Montmoreau. Businessman. Address: Av. de la Republica Argentina 10, Barcelona.

KOPPELT, Kurt. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KOPPI, Friedrich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KORB, Erich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KORBER, Josef. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KORFF, Arnold von / Adams, alias ARNT. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Calvo Sotelo 21, Madrid. Born January 5, 1905 in Aiswicken / Lettonia. Married. Representative for German firms Daimlar-Benz and Aktiengsellschaft. Member of NSDAP and suspected of being SD agent.

KORMANN / KOERMANN, Waldemar. Repatriated from Bilbao. Marine Marlin deportees categories A, B September 1946. A-282 and IV Priority List. DOB. Hoesl 16 October, 1913. First priority to be interrogated.

KORN, Wilhelm. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Representative. Espartero 36, Bilbao. Born Bochum on 1 January 1902. Passport No. 3/38 issued on 13.1.38 by Bilbao. Member German Club.

KORNWACHS, Karl Theodor. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Villingen, 30 March, 191 1.

KORNWEITH, Hermann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KORTH, Georg Wilhelm. In Marine Perch file. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 20/8/1896 in Kassel. Address in Germany, 1946: Alwinenstr. 6, Wiesbaden (American zone).

KORTING / KOERTING, Berthold. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Montana S.A. Employee. Rodriguez Arias 31, 3° izq., Bilbao. Born Hannover - Linden, 1 8 Feb. 1911. Passport No. 1 30/36 issued Barcelona 1 1 .3.3. Member of NSDAP and DAF.

KOSCHITZKY / KOSCHINSKY, Hans Ingo von. Hptm. German. 39 years old in 1946, I.77 meters tall, slender, with blond hair and a fair complexion. He is married and has 2 children

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and speaks Spanish. He lives in Madrid. He was transferred to Madrid in 1943 as a liaison officer with the Spanish Schupo, but was attached to the Office of Police Attache. He was in the NSDAP and SS. Cover job: Manager of a hotel in Navas del Marques (Avila). Evangelist. He remained in Spain.

KOSCHMIEDER, Walter. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KOSCHORRECK, Walter. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Hisma Ltda. Importer. Address: Heroes del Alcazar 1, Burgos. Born Koenigsberg, 5 June, 1914. Passport No K233/35 issued at Koenigsberg. Member of NSDAP and DAF, SS from 1.4.1933.

KOSCIELY, Dominik. German formerly employed as technician by the Spanish Government.Listed for departure on SS Marine Marlin, scheduled to leave the Port of Bilbao about Agust 31, 1946.

KOSICK, Albert. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Engineer. Irun. Born about 1900.

KOSS, Albrecht, Georg Von. German agent classified B. Listed as B181. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Honorary attache at Embassy, but deserted about January 1945.

KOSTER / KOESTER, Florentin. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Steele, 30 December, 1906.

KOSTER / KOESTER, Rudolf. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

KOTITSCHKE, Johann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KOTTERHEIDT, Herbert. Former Delegate of Otto WOLF in Spain. Interrogated by Allied Control Commision about German armaments trade with Spain during war.

KOTTLORZ, Hans. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KOWALSKI, Josef. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KOWNATZKI, Erich. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Counsellor.

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KRAEMER, Erwin. From OSS Secret IntelligenceSpecial Funds Record 9409: Intelligence agent in Spanish Morocco. I-M, KO Spanien, Spanish Morocco, Melilla (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain). Classified l-B in OSS records. Former member of Afrika Corps.

KRAFFT, Johann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KRAFTHOFER, Johannes. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KRAMER, Adolf. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KRAMER, alias LUDOVICO. From CI-CIR/12, 12 January 1946. Headquarters United States Forces European Theater Military Intelligence Service Center. APO 757. Subject: Referat II KO Spanien. Obst/Lt. Letter KO Portugal, Lisbon, 1941/1944. Lives in Wien (?). Born 1893. Complexion muscular, brown hair, Ruddy complexion, brown eyes. In 1944 married secretary Frl. SCHREIBER. Was removed that year and is said to have returned to Wien.

KRAMER, Bruno. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Martin. DOB. Duisburg, 26 March, 1908. A-1128.

KRAMER, C. F. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Director of shipyards in Brest and Bordeaux, also plenipotentiary of French Armament Staff. Came to Barcelona around October 1944.

KRAMER / KRAHMER / KRAMER, Eckart / Eckardt / Eckhardt Richard. Brig. Gen. German agent classified A. Listed as A183. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. General,, German Military Air Attache in Madrid. Still in Spain in September 1946. Reported to have helped MIEDL pass pictures over the frontier. Address: Pinar20, Madrid.

From Roberts Commission - Protection of Historical Monuments... Geographical Card File on Possible Art-Looting Subjects > Spain: "May have taken disposition of MIEDL paintings. Once reported in contact with Friedrich Ter Apel von LEIENHORST of Dutch Gestapo."

KRAMER / KRAEMER, Eugen Ludwig. Importer and Exporter, Melilla, Malaga Vice consul Honorar since 1942. Extradition in February 1946, Interrogated July 2 1946. Not in London lis. Smuggler. Connected with Continental Caucho and APP. Repatriated from Spain by air (dates from January 29 to February 25, 1946). Po. No. 0083. Interrogated between February and May 1946. British Reports. March 1941 he set up in Melilla a trunk and suitcase factory and workshops. Value in 1943 30.000 pts. In 1944 he went to Madrid. Value of firm in 1946 about 1.500.000 and was run by Luis ALPUENTA. In Malaga free port he had goods worth 100.000 pts.

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KRAMER, Paul. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KRAEMER, Walter Eugen / Eugen Walter. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Repatriated by air from Spain between 29 January to 25 february 1946. Interrogated between February and May 1946. With interest in lead and graphite mines. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Attached to German consulate in Spanish Morocco. Businessman. Born 1894-1895, Stuttgart, Germany.

KRAMSCHN EIDER, Gustav. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KRANZLEIN / KRAENZLEIN / KRAENSLEIN, Kurt. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1 94 1 ). Wolkischer Beobachter.

KRATZER, Franz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KRAUS, Franz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KRAUS, Friedrich. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Serrano 57, Madrid. Born August 13, 1889 in Neues. Connected with Sofindus mining companies. Was Lt. in R.a.D and was connected with SS Headquarters, Berlin. Known to be German contact man.

KRAUS, Hermann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KRAUS, Wilhelm. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KRAUSE (alias) SD W/T operator in Tetuan, Spanish Morocco, 1939-1941 1.80m muscular bald blue eyes

KRAUSE, Erich. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Krampitz, 31 August, 1923.

KRAUSE, Hugo. Major. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. In German army. Commercial agent, Barcelona.

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KRAUSER, Major. Intelligence agent in Spanish Morocco & Melilla. Classified ll-B in OSS records. A Gestapo man in Tangier, classified l-B in other records. Formerly Military Attache at Tokio and Paris.

KRAWZYK, Robert. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Artiach. Alameda de Mazarredo 59, Bilbao. Born Rumelingen, Luxemburg, 15 July 1900. Passport No 58/1943 issued Bilbao 29.4.43. Member of DAF.

KREBS, Albert. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KREBS, Paul. Dr. . Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo ylas Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Chief of Deutsche Bank. At the select committee hearings, Senator George Smathers of Florida made this statement: "It is my understanding that Dr. Hermann J. Abs, former director of I.G. Farben and a prominent financial figure during the Hitler regime, is the common denominator of this group seeking return of vested enemy properties of World War II."

"Senator Smathers also pointed out that the foreign agents' registration statement for this project was signed by "the Washington law firm of Ginsburg, Leventhal, & Brown, the Washington law firm of Boykin & De Francis, and the public relations firm of Julius Klein & Associates." Those who signed for "The Society for the Promotion of the Protection of Foreign Investments" were Dr. Paul Krebs, a Deutsche Bank director, and Hermann J. Abs, president of the board of directors of the society" http://www.animalfarm.0rg/mb/8.shtml

KRECKEL, Herbert. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

KREH, Fritz. Capt. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. In German army. Born 1903. Lives in Madrid.

KREIPE, Werner. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

KREISTER, Major. Agent in Spanish Morocco. I-Unclassified in OSS records. Tetuan.

KREMERS, Fritz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KRESS, Friedrich. Dr. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. Leader of the Judicial Dept. of the Spanish group of the DAF. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Espalter 5, Madrid. Born September 10, 1894 in Frankfurt/Main. Married; two children in 1946. Director of Schering, Madrid. Member of NSDAP and DAF. From General Records Pertaining To External Assets Investigations Schering AG: General Records (1939-1946): "Manager of Productos Qui'micos Schering S.A and of the Board of Tarsia S.A (...). KRESS is reported to have been brought to Madrid through the influence of Nazy Party. He is a lawyer by profession and has intervened in all legal problems affecting the relations of local German nationals with the party".

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KRESS, Fritz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KRESS, Otto. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Wetzlar, 4 August, 1892.

KRESSNER, Karl. Kapitan. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1 941 ).

KRESSER, Kurt Karl. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 30/11/1921 in Sommerda bei Erfurt. Address in Germany, 1946: Guttenbergstr. 2, Selb bei Hof, Bayern.

KRETSCHMAR, Kurt. German agent classified C. Listed as C184. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Address: Mallorca 330, Barcelona. Associated in business with Carlos WOESSNER, who represented Bosch and D.K.W. motors.

KRETSCHNER, Paul. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KREUKLER MEHL, Leonard. Agent classified lll-A in OSS records. Professor at the German School, Sevilla. Born in Karlsruhe, Germany. Address: calle Brazil 13, Sevilla.

KREUZ, Erich. Agent in Spanish Morocco. Il-Unclassified in OSS records. Ceuta. Heavy gun expert.

KRIESS, Katherina. Wife of Wolfgang KRIESS. Extreme National Socialist. Children: Hilga. Repatriated from Spain in Highland Monarch

KRIESS, Wolfgang. Teacher in the German School, Madrid. Ardent member of Nazi party A-288 on Official List. Repatriated from Spain. In Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Not interrogated by default of communication between American Embassy in Madrid and U.S. Released May 1946. Political adviser in Berlin. Address in Germany, 1946: Hertenerstr 43, Recklinghausen. DOB. Berlin, 26 March, 1907.

KRISTEN, Adolf. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KROGER (SCHONE), Alejandro. German agent classified B. Listed as B185. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Business man. Address: Torre Villa Maria, calle Marimon, Barcelona.

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KROLL, Hans Dr. Repatriated from Spain by air (21 January, 1946). Po. No. 0755. Born on 18 May 1898 in Beuthen. Subject was Consul General in Barcelona. He was politically active before 1933 and was a member of the Reichstag before HITLER came to power. In 1936 he was transferred as consul for the Embassy in Ankara as Botschaftsrat and Geschaeftstraeger. He has directed economic relations with Turkey, and established a commercial treaty. He was considered an expert onTurkish questions. He was transferred to the Palace of Justice in Nuremberg on 12 April 1946. Wife: Gisela and children: Peter, Ingrid, repatriated on Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946.

KROLL / KROELL, Heinrich. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. W/T operator. Born about 1908. Clerk in the German Consulate, Tangier. Formerly in South America. Still in Spain in 1946.

KRUDENSCHEID, Heinz Karl. Corporal. Repatriated on SS Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946 . German consular employee, Sevilla. A-857 on Official List. DOB. Hoesel, 20 February, 1919.

KRUEGER / KRUGER, Hans. Sonderfuehrer. Chief of Referat II Sabotage KO Spanien in 1940. From: U.S. Army. European Command. Intelligence Division, Wartime activities of the German diplomatic and military services during World War II, November 18, 1949: " Abwehr irs first representative in Spain, sent there early in 1940, was Sonderfueher KRUEGER. KRUEGER was instructed to set up an office in Madrid and to study conditions in general as well as possibilities for // operations in Spain. At that time; headquarters in Berlin had not yet devised a plan for carrying out its insurrection and minority program (J - work) in Spain. No sabotage activities were planned, principally because S and J were still separate departments of Abwehr II, and both KRUEGER and BLAUM who went to Spain in March 1940, were sent there on orders of the J section. Upon his arrival in Madrid, BLAUM reported to Freg. Kptn. LENZ, CO of KP Spain. (...)Later the entire staff of Referat II was incorporated into the Embassy as a section of KO Spain, Thus LENZ became KRUEGER and BLAUM's superior (...) In 1941 KRUEGER was transferred to Tangier.where he was put in charge of a small independent KO organization.

KRUEGER / KRUGER, Hebert / Herbert. Representative of RSHA, AMI VI. A-293 Official List and II Priority List. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Krim Komm. Repatriated on Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Brought to repatriation center under police escort. German. About 34- years old in 1946, 1.60 meters tall, stocky, pale complected, with blond hair and blue eyes. He was Consular Secretary with the German Embassy in Madrid from the end of 1944 until May I945. He was transferred to Amt VI and sent to Madrid on a special mission at the end of 1944. He was a member Of the NSDAPand SS. DOB. Halle, 12 December, 1910.

KRUGER / KRUEGER, Karl. Verwaltungsdirektor. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugoy las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

KRUEGER, Otto, Dr. Agent classified l-B and ll-B in OSS records. Chief of the Guards, German Army. Photographic expert. Born about 1909 or 1910 in Magdeburg, Germany. Photographic expert. Madrid.

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KRUEGER, Otto Gunter, alias KRUBER BACHMANN, Gunther 0.. DOB. 28/2/1926 in Gebesee bei Erfurt. Address in Germany, 1946: Siedlungsstr. 8, Gebesee, Ehrfurt (Soviet zone). Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946.

KRUGER, Kurt Ferdirnand. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 14.1 1.1915 in Berlin Charlottenburg. Address in Germany, 1946:

KRUGHER/ KRUEGER, Otto, alias KRUSE / KRUESE. German agent classified B. Listed as B187. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. With Import / Export business in rue Goya, Tangier. I-M, KO Spanien, Tangier (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain).

KRULL, Josepf. Still in Malaga in Sept. 1946. Teacher

KRUMPEL, Karl Friedrich Ernst. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Representative. Alameda de Urquijo, 32 - 3s dcha. Born at Niederschmalkalden on 14 June 1896. Passport (no. not given) issued Bilbao on 23.5.36. Member of DAF.

KRUSE, Albin. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KRUSE, Ewald. German agent classified D. Listed as D188. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Ex-Portugal. Whereabouts unknown in 1945.

KRUSE, Max Otto Ernst. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 5/9/1909 in Ueckermunde. Address in Germany, 1946: Fredericiastr. 11, Berlin- Charlottenburg 9 (US zone).

KRUSSE, Ewald. In Marine Perch file

KRUTWIG, Friedrich. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Representative. Rodriguez Arias 1, Bilbao. Born Bonn a. Rh., on 4 May 1892. Passport No. 59/38 issued Bilbao on 6.8.38..

KUBE, Paul. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Berlin, 19 January, 1905. Wife Greta KUBE, nee KUHN.

KUEBLER, Fritz. German agent classified B. Listed as B189. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Madrid and Cartagena. In charge of SS Lipari.

KUEHLENTHAL, Karl Erich. Sonderfuhrer. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for

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repatriation from Spain. Abwher KO Spanien, Referat I. In Bureau FELIPE, Operation COSMOS, Algeciras (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on /-M Spain). Main source of information. Agent classified A and l-B in OSS records. Listed A-190. Embassy official. Born about 1907-1908, Coblenz, Germany. Arrived in Spain 1939 from France. Address: Eduardo Dato 16, Madrid and Fernandez de la Hoz 29, Madrid.

KUFNER, Andreas. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KUHAUPT, Gunther / Gunter Karl. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 20/7/1924 in Oberhausen Rhld. Address in Germany, 1946: Akazienstr. 120, Oberhausen Rhld (British zone).

KUHL, Fritz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KUHL / KUEHL, Hubert. Counsellor. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

KUHLFLUCK, Erich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KUHLMANN, Wilhelm. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KUHN, Margareta Ubler. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801- 2850:Minerales de Espana. Secretary. Address: Gregorio Balparda 68, 1o drcha., Bilbao. Born Frohstockheim, 4 December, 1907. Passport No D3361 issued Paris. Member of DAF.

KUHNEL, Reinhardt. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Gera, 1 March, 1920.

KUHNER, Fritz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KULLMANN (fnu). From CI-CIR/12, 12 January 1946. Headquarters United States Forces European Theater Military Intelligence Service Center. APO 757.

Subject: Referat II KO Spanien. SS Stubaf Police attache with German Embassy, Madrid, until 1945 lives Spain. Born 1905 1.80 m muscular blond hair fair complexion. Grey eyes Career: In reception room of Police attache WINZER. Probably concerned with issuing passports. Misc: Speaks Spanish.

KUMM, Otto. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

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KUNNE, Hermann Julius. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Policarpo Sanz 34, Vigo. Formerly agent for Krupp trucks. Subject operated Kunne & C/a., small medical and surgical house with agencies in principal cities in Spain. It was thought that these agencies was a network for subversive activities. Close friend of Conrad MEYER. According to VORKAUF, subject was paymaster for espionage in Vigo. Opposed Allied negotiations with regard to German school and refused to turn over school funds. Not member of Nazi Party but considered dangerous.

KUNSBERG / KUENSBERG, Eberhard von. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). German legation secretary.

KUNZ, Josef. Decorated by FRANCO with the Encomienda Sencilla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (Decreto 29 julio, 1 943).

KUPPERS, Josef. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KURBS, Heiner. Dr. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ). Press.

KURRER, Otto. Hptm. Acting Leiter l-H KO Spain from April 1941 to May 1942.

Counter Intelligence Intermediate Interrogation Report, dated 27 September, 1945 (Interrogation Records Prepared for War Crimes Proceedings at Nuernberg, 1945-1947 ccpa INTERR. OTTO KURRER). Information given about personnel and activities Abwehr Spain up to May 1942:

Abwehr l-H Spain : Nests had been set up in Madrid, Barcelona, San Sebastian, Algeciras and Tetuan (Spanish Morocco) to gather information, and it was the function of the Abwehr I- H Leiter in KO Spain to extract all the military information contained in the Nests' reports, collate it, edit it, and send it on to Berlin. (Before KURRER went to Spain, Nest reports had been routed directly from Madrid to Berlin without preliminary processing. Consequently, the l-H Office in Berlin was forced to wade through a great deal of useless information to glean the intelligence it was interested in.) KURRER, besides screening reports to make sure only military, naval, and air intelligence would he forwarded to Berlin, also briefed the Nests on the type of information they were to seek. Hitherto each Nestleiter had granted his agente considerable latitude in carrying out their assignments, and this absence of centralized control led to unsatisfactory results. It was not unusual for reports to come in stating that on a given dry a certain ship had arrived at Gibraltar and had departed at some later dato but failing to describe the activities or identify the passangers aboard ship. Once KURRER had oriented his Nestleiters, however, Berlin began to learn of Allied notables arriving in or leaving Spain and of troop movements probable destinations, and the number and types of weapons and supplies going to the British armies in the Eastern Mediterranean..

Communications : The Nests sent their reports to Madrid once or twice a week, and in addition the stations at Algeciras, Barcelona, San Sebastian, and Tetuan had radio communication with the KO. Written reports were sent to Berlin by diplomatic pouch. Each

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report was put into an envelope marked with the code name of the section or individual for whom it was intended. This was then put into a larger envelope, marked Ausland Abwehr, which in turn was put in the pouch addressed to the Legations Rat. Thus the Embassy had no opportunity to read or censor the reports. Later, however in 1944, the RSHA began to intercept the reporta in Berlin, and the Abwehr could do no more than determine whether a given report had been read (by using sealing wax on the envelope or by placing a piece of thread under the flap); they could not prevent the RSHA from reading them. In most cases the courier taking the pouch from Spain to Germany was a German officer, business man, official, or any other reputable person who happened to be going at the time. Messages sent to Berlin by radio were confined to short or urgent ones.

The man in charge of radio communication for Abw I in Spain was O/Lt von BAHRFELD, alias von BENTHEIM, who came to MADRID at the beginning of 1942.

Nest Madrid : KUEHLENTHAL was the head of the Nest in Madrid. His assistant and complete confidant was a man named KNAPPE. They ran all the agents who were recruited from Madrid and supplied information for Abw l-H, M, and L. KURRER knows that KUEHLENTHAL had placed at least one steward on each of the Spanish ships Cabo de Hornos and Cabo de Buena Esperanza plying between Spain and the US, but he does not know if these men were active agents or go-betweens. One of the press attaches in the Spanish Legation in London was working for KUEHLENTHAL who had supplied him with a radio, but KURRER dees not know anything of its use. At times KUEHLENTHAL would tell KURRER he had an agent going to England, but would not reveal the agent's name nor what type of information he was best qualified to get. As a result KURRER was unable to draw up a list of specific questions for the agent's guidance and had to be content with information of general military value. Nevertheless, KUEHLENTHAL did supply more information than most of the people in Spain and was properly regarded by his superiors in Madrid and Berlin as a valuable Nestleiter. His reputation for efficiency remained intact even when the RSHA took control in 1944.

Nest Barcelona : Nest Barcelona was run by PAUL, alias don PABLO, a lazy individual who relied on his assistant KOEPKE to handle most of the agents. KOEPKE, therefore t would be more familiar with the activities of that Nest. Both of these men were assigned to Barcelona, at the outbreak of the war and presumably are still there, or at least somewhere in Spain. KURRER heard that in 1941 PAUL had considered sending a Spanish officer to South Africa as an agent in the guise of a monk. The officer was to go to Rome for an interview with the Pope and then proceed to South Africa. The objectives of the interview and mission are not known.

Nest San Sebastian : FURCH, alias PUENTE, was the heed of Nest San Sebastian. His pri- mary duty was expediting the passage of persons and materiel across the border, usually in close cooperation with FUCHS, Leiter of Nest Biarritz, Besides helping agents cross the border without excessive interference from the Spanish police, FURCH facilitated the travel of GIS personnel and helped them smuggle whatever they wished out of Spain. (KO Spain frequently had no jurisdiction over some of these agents who had been hired by an Ast or Nest, yet FURCH was called upon to aid these people in crossing the frontier, too.) The major portion of this traffic was routed through the frontier town of IRUN. FURCH's job was not too difficult as there was a working arrangement between the Spaniards and the Germans whereby either could cross the border, bag and baggage, without being subject to inspection by the controlling party.

Nest Algeciras : The chief of Nest Algeciras was CARBE, alias don ALBERTO, who was concerned primarily with the Gibraltar area and was assisted by a Kptn KELLER, alias BODEGA. KURRER believes that operations were conducted mainly by recruiting agents from among the thousands of Spanish workmen who lived in Algeciras and conmuted to Gibraltar. CARBE also handled the negotiations with local Spanish authorities for the

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installation of infra-red equipment across the Straits of Gibraltar for the purpose of recording ship movements through the Straits. At one time these installations were destroyed, possibly by Allied agents. CARBE was assisted in discovering the strength and armament of Gibraltar by Lt Col SANCHEZ RUBIO of the Spanish Intelligence Service. This station, KURRER believes, was closed sometime in 1944 because of pressure on Spain by the United States and Great Britain.

Nest Tetuan : The Letter of Nest Tetuan was Obst RUDOLF, alias RECKE, who was considered the best operator in North Africa. He used a great number of agents, mostly Arab and Moroccan traders. Each one supplied him with a small bit of reliable information, and because of the multitude of his agents RUDOLF was able to piece together a reasonably comprehensive picture of what was going on in the area under observation. The bulk of the intelligence secured by this Nest was concerned with French Morocco and Algeria. From reading RUDOLF'S reports, KURRER is fairly sure that he never sent any agents to the US or England. In 1944, under Allied pressure, Spain forced Germany to close down this station, and RUDOLF was sent to KdM Stuttgart as Letter I.

GIS Connections with the Spanish IS : Collaboration between the Abwehr and the Spanish Intelligence Service was very close. CARBE and SANCHEZ RUBIO worked together at Algeciras and after the expulsion of the Germans from that area, SANCHEZ RUBIO reported activities in Gibraltar to the KO in Madrid. KUEHLENTHAL made daily visits to the S/S office in Madrid which was across the street from the German Embassy. He conferred mainly with Gen MARTINEZ DE CAMPOS and Lt Col PARDO on subjects unknown. In autumn of 1940 CANARIS held discussions. with FRANCO concerning an attack upon Gibraltar. In the next few months, on Spanish orders, airfields were built, fuel dumps were constructed, and artillery was placed in Algeciras. During this period two German divisions were brought down to the Spanish frontier and, in addition, two squadrons of the Luftwaffe were allocated to the operation. However, in March 1941, Hitler canceled the plan because he had decided to attack Russia.

Conclusions : Although KURRER's information does not supply a completo picture, it furnishes a pattern of the activities of Abwehr I in Spain and, more important, shows the extent to which the Spaniards collaborated with the Germans. (See diagram in explanatory notes about Abwehr).

KURSCHNER/ KIRCHNER, Hans. Repatriated from Bilbao.

KURTH, Georg. In Marine Perch file. Consul in San Sebastian.

KURTH, Helmut. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Ilustr. Beobachter, Munich.

KURS, Oscar. From OSS, WASH SPDF, Docs. 526/550: "He is employed bu Electro Quimica Flix and according to information submitted by the Consulate General in Barcelona he was born in Germany in 1887 and arrived in Spain in 1926 since which time he has been associated with this firm. He is said to be a Nazi and to be worth in excess of 100,000."

KURZ BOSCH, Eugen. German agent classified B. Listed as B191. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Owner of brush factory La Favorita. Address: Rafael Calvo 24, Madrid.

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KUS, Engelbert. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KUTER, Engelbert August aka PATER EGON. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Martin. DOB. Schwelm, 27 July, 1903.

KUTSCHMANN, Walter, alias Pedro Ricardo OLMO. Listed B/242 II, I Priority. German agent classified B. Listed as B192. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Repatriated by air 23 August 1946. Flight X. Ex-Kriminal Kommisar, Blankenburg Harz and former Gestapo chief at Bordeaux who escaped to Spain, August 1944, where the German Embassy demanded his internment, having been imprisioned at San Sebastian after having refused to return voluntarily by air to Germany.

From a British report dated September 1 1, 1944: Subject arrived at Hotel Alameda, Zarauz, near San Sebastian on September 1st, 1944. Carried with him at all times a large and apparently heavy leather suitcase. Left September 5, 1944, in his car, plus enough luggage for several years: 7 suitcases of various sizes and a small black case which looked like a grammophone or radio. Card attached to one of the cases read: "Walter KUTSCHMANN. Kriminal Kommissar, Blankenberg, Harz, Herzogstrasse 17". Description: Medium height and build; about 33 in 1944; fair hair; rather square face with straight nose; brisk military walk. Car. N° 4814, AEI.

From a British report dated October 26, 1944: "In Spain and is hiding from the Germans. He is a gangster of the worst type and boasts that he was personally responsible for the death of 15.000 Jews in Russia and Poland

A letter from the American Consulate, San Sebastian, dated December 1st, 1944, says that subject has been in Ondarreta jail for two months.

A memo from Vice Consul N.O. Titus dated February 15, 1945 said KUTSCHMANN had been transferred to concentration camp at Miranda de Ebro in the section reserved for those who had been denounced as nazis. Designated as Hauptmann KUTSCHMANN of the Abwehr on order for transfer. But on February 14, from information received from a secret source it was learned that Foreign Office informed that Spanish DGS (Direccion General de Seguridad) had given him restricted liberty.

On January 9, 1945, from a reliable source, it was learned that Spanish Minler of War (Juan VIGON) denied German petition for extradition of subject who is accused by them (Germans) of misuse of funds during the time he was a customs employee in France. From a memo to the US Embassy dated April 15, 1945: Subject was in a special section of Miranda reserved for deserters from German Army. This apparently was subject's "pose" to hide from Allied search.

From the Jewish Agency for Palestine. Records of War Criminals dated 1 May 1945: "KUTSCHMANN. Untersturmfuehrer S.S., commanded the S.S. detachment carrying out the extermination action against Jews in Lwow on the 5th January 1943. Many thousands of Jews were killed during the proceedings. Houses in the ghetto were set on fire and Jews trying to escape were killed on the spot. Many Jews were lived alive. Those who were not murdered in the ghetto were driven to the Janowska camp and killed by machine/guns on the sand-hills behind the camp. (Ref. Mat. File N° L/1 . Item:23)". He went to Argentina with Spanish passport

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KUTSCHY, Anton. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

KUVITT, Maria. German agent classified B. Listed as B193. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Secretary to Heinrich PESCOLLER.

LAAK, Wilhelm van der. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Martin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Baarn, 22 August, 1914.

LABAN, Ewald. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

LABISCH, Max. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Bolko, 8 October, 1921.

LABUS, Heinrich Friedrich Otto. Repatriated from Spain in September 10 1946.

LACHER, Alois. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

LACHS, Willi. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

LACKNER, Peter. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

LAESSING, Ernst Rudolf Paul. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 24/12/1901 in Kirchheim/ Teck Wiirt. Address in Germany, 1946: Markplatz 1, Kirchheim Teck (US zone).

LA GASSE / LAGASSE, Maurice. OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Records 1942 1946 226:

(German flight of capital and assets in France, Belgium & Spain):" LAGASSE, stockbroker for the Bank of France, who had bought the Chateau Pontchartain (misspelling for Chateau de Pontchartrain), came to Spain in about July 1944. Source considered him to be the best informed of anyone in France on what had occurred regarding gold, jewels and platinum. LAGASSE, who might have worked for the Germans, is said to have become frightened as to what would occur in France and wished to remain in Spain for several months.

LAGASSE, expert on gold transactions of the Bank of France, has made 20 to 30 visits to Spain and Portugal on questions of exchange. In Portugal treated with the Bank of Espiritu Santo and the other principal bank; was involved in endeavour to obtain from Amsterdam certain French gold, which was, however, seized by the Germans upon their arrival and believed to have been removed to Germany. (LAGASSE is stated also to have been involved in transfer of French gold from Dakar after the armistice to Spain, where the

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Spanish Government, subjected to pressure from De Gaulle and Vichy, blocked the gold. He is regarded by the French to be a collaborationist.

LAGASSE is self/made, a bank messenger who rose to large financial and international gold transactions before the war (...). He has reportedly come to Irun with two sons because of fear of personal enemies and because he has property in Spain (...) Paul REYNAUD made his personal gold purchases through LAGASSE. He transferred 1 8,000,000 francs, paper, into gold deposited at Amsterdam, which was seized by the Germans, the vessel Siroco sent to get it being sunk by the Germans on their arrival, at the same time at Amsterdam.

LAGASSE handled the negotiations above described with Spain to unblock the gold from Dakar which was intended to pay the French diplomats abroad. LAGASSE is the person best informed on gold transactions in the black market in France and also knows the Portuguese and Swiss situations.

Maurice LAGASSE has been at Madrid and inl'ortted source that he was in contact with GREY of American Embassy, Lisbon. He gave the folliowing account of the gold transaction: The Bank of France had sold to Internatio, LAGASSE 's own bank at Lisbon, 700 kilos of gold which was in the Bank of Morocco at Tangier. This was sold with security of 30 million francs of Bank of France share owned by LAGASSE. On Feb. 7th, the State Bank of Morocco advised the ultramarino Bank of Portugal that, in accordance with instructions of the Bank of France, the gold was being deposited to the account of Ultramarino, the banker of the LAGASSE bank, Internatio. Source described the transaction as an official purchase of gold by LAGASSE, to pay on delivery. The gold is still blocked. Source stated that LAGASSE had also acted in silver transactions for Vichy contrary to German interests, but that LAGASSE had been black-listed for the above gold transactions - obviously being in the allies' bad graces. LAGASSE had also bought old Hungarian loans for the Germen government.

LAGASSE as stock broker had his main office at Place de la Madeleine, Paris, and many branches, source termed him as only interested in cash, very clever but not interested in politics»

LAGASSE had called on the British Commercial Attache at Madrid but apparently without result, he may also know one Monseigneur BOYER-MAS.

ENGE, EINHARDT and LA GASSE were supposed to be involved with the man who acted as Hermann Goering's front in the transactions to acquire Suez Canal stock, value 50 million RM (deposited at the Bank of Monaco).

LAGOIS, Martin. Pastor. In Marine Perch file. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. German. DOB. 5/12/1912 in Langendorf Kr. Saltzwedel. In Marine Perch file. In Rome 1938/1940. Then went as a Pastor for Bilbao Bilbao, San Sebastian, Vigo, Zaragoza, Sevilla and Malaga, where he stayed until 1943. Military service as telegraphist in Madrid. Connected with KORTH.

LAMBRACHT, Gustav. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

LAMMAN, Werner. Decorated by FRANCO with the Encomienda Sencilla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (Decreto 29 julio, 1943).

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LAMPE. Wilhelm. Oberstleutnant WL. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Arrived Germany from Spain May 12, 1946. Born in 1908. Address in Germany: Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Hochhauserstrasse 6. Aviation technician employed at the San Pablo airfield, Sevilla.

LAMPRECHT Abwher KO, Spanien, Referat III (secret inks, photos).

LAMPRECHT, Emil Willi Otto. German agent classified B. Listed as B194. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. I-M, KO Spanien, Tangier (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain). Expelled from Tangier to Spain, March 1944.

LAMPRECHT-POSLMANN, Alfred. German agent classified B. Listed as B195. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Address: Basilio Paraiso 9, Madrid. Employed at German Embassy.

LANG, Emilio. Intelligence Agent. Subject was born in Germany but became a Spanish subject a good many years ago (date unknown). He had excellent connections with the Direction General de Seguridad as well as with the Servicio Informationes Militares. In 1940 he and his father-in-law were employed by KO Spain to carry out a mission in defeated France. Subject became KUEHLENTHAL's assistant and took care of most of the work, including liaison between Referat I and /// and the Spanish Intelligence Service. He interviewed and hired agents, briefed and dispatched them on missions, and provided them with the necessary documents and finances for their particular missions. All the agents were required to report their activities to him. Subject was in constant contact with other agencies of Referat I and was often consulted by Referat lll-F, where a certain HAUBERT was in charge of agents. Toward the end of 1941 he moved to Bilbao to open an Aust of Referat KUEHLENTHAL, where he could supervise agents more closely. It seems from this time on he did not enjoy KUEHLENTHAL's confidence. Subject was active during 1944 and it is assumed by AMENDE that: he remained in Spain. AMENDE believes that subject possesses all the information necessary to uncover the activities of the German underground in Spain.

Subject has connections with the following:

(a) Sr. FINAT, Conde de MAYALDE, Spanish Chief of Police. ( Through subject's father-in- law, who was employed in the Direction General de Seguridad)

(b) German SD and agents. (Through Adolf STEIN, a German school teacher in Madrid)

(c) GENSEROWSKY, an Abwehr agent and member of the German Consulate at Bilbao.

(d) Padre LANGE

(e) KUEHLENTHAL. (For connection with the KO and the SIS).

(f) Spanish government agencies in charge of issuing passports and visas, booking offices securing passage on boats for Abwehr agents, and other maritime services.

(g) Referat l-g for secret codes and inks.

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Working for Bureau FELIPE, Operation COSMOS, Algeciras (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain but with a wrong first name, Fritz).

LANG, Eugen. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Ayala 10, Madrid. Liquidator of German stocks.

LANG, Josef. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

LANG, Georg Helmut. German agent classified A. Listed as A196. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Employed at German Embassy, Madrid. Address: Alameda Maxarrodo 10, 3°, Bilbao.

LANG, Willi / Willi. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. Manager of German Automobile Club of Spain (N.S.K.K.). Managing director of Lacemo S.A. Born about 1904, Litzmannstadt, Germany. Of Russian origin. In Madrid since 1939. Address: Jose Antonio 15, Madrid and Plaza de Chamberi 10, Madrid, and San Lorenzo del Escorial (villa).

LANGE, Augustin Clemens or Agustin Maria (Padre LANG / LANGE). From OSS Secret IntelligenceSpecial Funds Record 9409: Agent classified lll-B in OSS records. Still In Spain in December 19 1946. In files of the Office of Political Affairs, American Embassy, Madrid. From: U.S. Army. European Command. Intelligence Division, Wartime activities of the German diplomatic and military services during World War II, November 18, 1949: "Intelligence Agent. Subject is considered by AMENDE to be a key figure in the Spanish Intelligence Service. He is German by birth, who, although completely given to the church, has not given up his love for and allegiance to Germany. During 1943 and 1944 when the GIS was very active in the Iberian Peninsula, subject was a principal link between the leaders of KO Spain and those Spaniards who were willing to do sabotage and counter intelligence work for the Germans. Subject is known to have last lived in the Pyrenees region where he often travelled from one country to another, keeping in touch with the Basque peasantry whose welfare he had at heart. His pro-Basque attitude and convictions alienated him from more nationalist -minded northern Spaniards. It is believed that he was never sympathetic to the Nazis because their views conflicted with his uncompromising Catholicism. His activities on behalf of the Abwehr are explained as stemming from his love of Germany. He was politically unfriendly to FRANCO. Subject was closely connected with the Basques living on the French and Spanish border, the people there having complete confidence in him as a spiritual leader and helping him with frontier crossings and related intelligence activities. AMENDE states that subject was able to maintain liaison with the church in Ireland and does not know whether priests were sent on missions to Ireland by the Abwehr or Spanish Intelligence Service. AMENDE believes that subject's position as a member of the Missioneros del Sagrado Corazon de Jesus, a member of the order of the Society of Jesus with extensive missions in South America and Central Africa, may have been used to secure assistance for Abwehr agents on missions. Little is known of his influence in Italy other than that he was in contact with his superiors in Rome. Despite subject's lack of popularity with certain Spanish nationalist groups, he was on excellent terms with the Spanish Intelligence Service and was always kept completely informed about internal and external matters. In addition, subject operated his own private intelligence net, which enabled him to provide the S/S with important information. Both the S/S.and the GIS considered subject's net of agents to be invaluable, although he was never taken into complete confidence of the Abwehr. AMENDE states that KO Spain never made as full use

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of subject as mighthave been made. Subject's whereabouts at present unknown; but it is believed that he is still in Spain and could be easily located. His last known residence was in a boarding school in Bilbao, where he was an instructor for sons of the Spanish nobility. Professor at Colegio de San Agustin of Las Arenas, Bilbao.

LANGE, Johannes. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

LANGE, Willy. German agent classified C. Listed as C197. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Partner and managing director of Lacemo S.A., which is virtually another name for him. Address: Av.Jose Antonio 15, Madrid.

LANGELOTZ, Arthur. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

LANGENBACHER, Alberto / Albert. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Sulgen, 10 December, 1901.

LANGENHEIM, Adolf Paul Johannes / Adolfo, alias BOU CHARTA ( scarface') among Moslems. German agent classified A. Listed as A198. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Listed as B-247 and II Priority List. Agent classified l-B and I l-B in OSS records. German Consul in Tetuan. Expelled from Tetuan to Spain February 1945. Ordered to Malaga for internment, March 1945.

From Spanish Primer of Attache D. P. MEDALIE's office: Born in Furstenberg, 11 April, 1872 or 12 August, 1872; business man in Tetuan, where he is said to have lived since about 1905; reported in 1941 to be chief of propaganda at the German Consulate. Employee of KO Spanien in Tetuan since at least April 1941, running a number of agents, chiefly natives. Made frequent clandestine trips to French Morocco, after the Allied landings in North Africa in November, 1942, in order to establish and mantain contact with native agents engaged in the creation of border "incidents". Reported in March, 1944 to have established branch headquarters in Xauen (Spanish Morocco), where he frequently met Germans and natives working for the German I.S. Expelled from Spanish Morocco on 6 February, 1945 and went to Madrid, thence about April to Malaga, where he was last reported in June, 1945. Father of Heinrich LANGENHEIM and three other sons, one of whom was killed in Russian front in April 1942, another was probably killed in action, and the fourth, Oskar, was last reported as an agent of Grupe II in France. Scar on right cheek. Speaks fluent Arabic. Passports: (1 ) No. 23, issued Tetuan, 16 November, 1937 and (2) No. 9/43. Address (1944): Puerta Saida, Tetuan. Tel. 92. June 1945, a new pension, Paseo de Limonar, La Caleta, Malaga.

From a report by American Militare Attache at Tangier:

LANGENHEIM, Adolf P, known in the Arab wold as BOU CHARTA. German National. Born 12 May 1872 in Furstenberg, Germany. A resident of, and engaged in business in Tetuan for decades, originally having come to Morocco to settle, and owner of considerable colonial real estate and other commercial property and interests therein. Listed on the P.L (Priority List) of the Spanish Zone of Morocco. Speaks Arab fluently, and wielded considerable influence among the local Moslems in this area. Because of a prominent scar on his face, the right cheek, familiarly known as BOU CHARTA (scarface) to the Arabs. Married to Margarita, nee GENTILE (sister of Elena LIKATSCHEFF, Tangier, also on the P.L. of the Tangier zone of Morocco), of Italo-Anglo origin, born November 20, 1888. Of three children, a son Henrich (...) is the most important. Both father and son were actively engaged in propaganda and all

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possible activities detrimental to the United Nations, and were of grat assistance and a source of invaluable information, ate. to the Germans when they were established diplomatically in Tangier by the invitation of Spanish authorities in 1941. The LANGENHEIM colonial and commercial dinasty, like the similar RENSCHAUSEN dinasty in Larache, Spanish Morocco, were the native twin German pillars upon which rested most of the German intelligence and espionage estructure in Morocco between 1914 and 1944. Granted aircart without return by American section of Allied Control. (Both father and son are dangerous individuals and subject to extreme caution ).

From his CV: From 1896 til 1906 worked as a mining and consulting engineer South America, USA, India. From 1907 to 1909 worked in Tangier as representative and mining engineer of the Union des Mines Marocaines, an international corcern in Paris and in 1910 he worked for Wm. H. Muller & Co, The Hague. Expelled from Tangier in 1914. Returned to Tetuan in 1921. From 1921 till February 1945 his cover firm was Sindicato de Exploracion Minera, a Spanish mining company in Madrid. Property named by LANGENHEIM to Allies: El Kataa el Mers, Rio Martin, Tetuan, Trust company in New Jersey, properties in England, Holland and Germany (Berlin).

From American legation, Tangier, 1 March, 1945 Safehaven Report

Subject: Moroccan art works shop in Madrid

According to an OSS report dated February 7,1945, classified D3, Brahim WAZZANI, who is a German agent, and his partner Kaled RAISUNI, a relative, of the Pasha of Larache, are reported to have completed their arrangements to establish a Moroccan art works shop in Madrid. (Brahim WAZZANI is still in touch with RICHTER and WIEDEMANN who are also active German agents.)

The following people are said to have been contracted by WAZZANI and Kaled RAISUNI to work in Madrid:

- Si Mustapha BEN HADJ ABDELKADER BEN LAMINE, about 20 years old. Gold and silversmith.

- Si Ahmed ben Mohamed Dibak SOUSSI, about 20 years old. Gold and silversmith. This Moor was at one time employed as a chaouch at the German Consulate, Tangier.

- Melam Behi SOUSSI about 45 years old. Gold and silversmith.

- Leon SABBAH (Moroccan Jew), about 28 years old. Gold and silversmith.

- Felix Ayad Levy BENCHETON (Moroccan Jew), about 19 years old. Gold and. silversmith.

Leather workers and weavors and those versed in native arts and crafts are now being recruited, all in all, some 31 man and women will be employed in the enterprise. The family of LANGENHEIM, including Adolf LANGENHEIM (P.L.) are old-time Moroccan residents, and are known to the Moors as BOUCHARTA, residing at Tetuan, Spanish Morocco. This family is reported to have invested 1,000,000 Spanish Pesetas (approximately $ 50,000) in the Moroccan art Works shop in Madrid. Adolf LANGENHEIM has long been included in the British List of German agents to be expelled from Tangier and Spanish Morocco under the British-Spanish agreement of May 1944. Adolf LANGENHEIM actually left this area on February 6,1945.

Margaret / Madge GENTILE, daughter of A. G. GENTILE, Secretary of Embassy in the Italian Legation in Tangier, grandaughter of Ion PERDICARIS, American citizen.

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LANGENHEIM, Heinrich Cromwell / Enrique. In some documents listed as CROMWELL, Heinrich. German Intelligence in Spain. Agent classified A. Listed as A199. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Ordered to Malaga for internment March 1945. Detained at Camp 76 since February 1946. Repatriated by air from Spain 12 February 1946. Po. No. 0093. Interrogated 2 July 1946. British Reports, but not in London List. Listed as B-1032.

From: U.S. Army. European Command. Intelligence Division, Wartime activities of the German diplomatic and military services during World War II, November 18, 1949: "Born on 29 August 1908 (24 August 1904 and June 29, 1908 also given) in Tangier, Spanish Morocco. From 1936 to 1937 subject was employed by Bureau VON RIBBENTROP in the Anglo-German relations section. In 1940 he was called for military service and assigned to the Abwehr where he was trained as a radio operator. Subject worked for three months as a wireless operator in Berlin detailed to station

Eiserne Hand. Subject was made a member of the German-French Armistace Commission for French North Africa. He served with Abwehr I in North Africa and Spain. Subject was a member of they NSDAP, SA Allgemeine SS, DAF and the NSV (...). Subject released to Oberaudorf/lnn, Oberbayern. Law student but never graduated. Party member since 1 933.

In England Propaganda Section of Ribbentrop's Office: 1936-1937 In I.G. Farbenindustrie, Berlin, as contact with "Official World": 1938-1941. Representative of UnicolorS.A., I.G. Farben subsidiary in Barcelona In Marocco from 1941. He was stationed at Sevilla to collect Operational Intelligence from North Africa (e.g., arrivals at Casablanca of Allied Troops and Supplies (1943-1946) Married with Jean Elizabeth BECHWITH / BECKWITH, daughter of Brigadier BECHWITH / BECKWITH, english, (The Little House Berwish, Sussex). Her wife and home in Tetuan in 1946. Property in Spain valued 1.000.000 pts. LANGENHEIM gave information about: BERNHARDT (Sofindus) and his fortune: irregular money withdrawn from Sofindus; mines bought in Spanish Morocco "on which subject Adolf P. LANGENHEIM (father), mining engineer,(...) could give fullest details. A sum of Pesetas 18.000.000 is suposed to have been paid, but mines are said to be worthless, so there must be something behind it". Cotton plantations bought for Hisma near Sevilla at high costs, but became failures. Wolfram bought at high prices around Sevilla and Southern Portugal. MARVICK, who was in Barcelona, then in Madrid and, in 1946, of locality unknown. Marvick sold all sort of products to Sofindus in a big way.

In his MGAX form, Langenheim claimed neither his wife nor himself owned property outside Germany, but the Morrlown Trust Company, New Jersey, hold a trust for his mother Marguerita LANGENHEIM ( nee GENTILE), but his wife owned property in Tangier. His parents also owned a farm and plots of land in Tetuan and a farm in Larache.

LANGENHEIM, Otto. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. W/T operator. Attached to German Embassy, Madrid. Third son of Adolf LANGENHEIM.

LANGER, Erwin. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

LANGNER, Artur W. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. German. DOB. 12/7/1921 in Gross Neudorf Kr. Brieg. Address in Germany, 1946: Sperlhammer, Post Koetzing, Krs. Cham. Niederbayern. (US zone).

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LANGNES, Wilhelm. Repatriated by air from Spain to Germany 12 February 1946. Po. No. 0090. Wife Hedwig LANGNES, repatriated on SS Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946.

LANGROOK, August. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

LANGWIESCHE, Wilhelm. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Meteorological technician. Born about 1900. Vigo.

LANNINGER, Richard. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Rodalben, 14 June, 1920.

LAPPE, Werner. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Soest, 9 May, 1923.

LARISCH, Adalbert. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

LASCHEWSKI, Anton. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

LASSEN, Carl Theodor / Carl August. Cover names of DOBLER /DOEBLER, Herbert.

See file supra.

LAU, Ewald. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Kankel, 4 December, 1918.

LAUCHT, Gustav. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

LAUER, Otto. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

LAUFER, Karl. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. German. DOB. 30/10/1923 in in Oberwinkel Krs. Oppeln. Address in Germany, 1946: Bachstr. 89, Ellermosen, Moselland.

LAUMAN, Willy. German agent classified D. Listed as D200. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Address: Sagasta 30, Madrid.

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LAUMAYER, Friedrich Wilhelm. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. German. DOB. 27/9/1907 in Ulm Donau. Address in Germany, 1946: Hirschstr. 8, Ulm/ Donau (US zone).

LAUSMANN, Johannes. In Reichs Labour Ministry in Madrid.

LAUTENSCHLAEGER, Hermann. In Marine Perch file. Still in Spain in Serptember 1946. Chief of NSV (Nationalsoziallische Volkswohlfahrt) in Spain, offices in Madrid. Connected with Max SEIFERT and LIEBETRAU in concealing funds withdrawn from Banco Germanico.

LAUTERBACHER, Hans. Decorated by FRANCO with the Encomienda Sencilla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {Decreto 29 julio, 1 943).

LAUX, Helmut. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Prensa llustrada.

LAYRET MASANA, Joaquin. German agent classified C. Listed as C201. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Address: Consejo de Ciento 433, Barcelona. Cotton broker.

LAZAR MISSO/ LAZARE, Dr. Joseph Hans. German agent classified A. Listed as A202. Condecorated by FRANCO "Caballero de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas con Encomienda" {BOE, 11 Septiembre de 1940). In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Press Attache. Still in Spain in September 1946. Connected with Apolinar SANCHEZ. LAZAR was considered one of the most dangerous Nazi-leaders in Madrid. He was in posesion of large means and values by:

- His high income of circa 40.000 pts/month. -He received high payments at the end of the war.

- He received high subsidies for the Spanish press: for instance the newspaper Informaciones.

-He bought a most luxurious building in El Escorial for the director of this newspaper, Victor de la SERNA, etc.

- LAZAR bought in Spain antique furniture and artlic values. All these were highly insured and their value amount to at least 3 or 5 millions pts.

LAZAR tried to escape the eviction by all kind of manipulations, for instance: he referred to his Turquish nationality due to his Armenian descent. He claimed to be an Austrian. When these excuses failed, he went to a clinic and asked to be operated. He never was extradited from Spain.

According to M I NAM EYE R, LAZAR began his career at the time of the Austrian events. LAZAR se caso con Elena PETRINO BORKOWSKA, una baronesa de Transilvania. LAZAR habia estudiado derecho, y fue a partir de 1915 y 1918 soldado en la Primera Guerra Mundial, mas recientemente como primer teniente. A traves de una herida LAZAR se convirtio en un adicto a la morfina. Desde 1920 fue corresponsal de la Neue Freie Presse Viena en Turquia. En julio de 1927, fue corresponsal de la agencia de noticias Alemana en Bucarest. [1] Durante la Guerra Civil Espanola LAZAR trabajo como corresponsal de la agencia de noticias Transocean, que estaba bajo el Minlerio de Propaganda del Reich

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aleman bajo Joseph GOEBBELS.

A 12 03 1938 fue Lazar Balcanes corresponsal del Neue Freie Presse y Agregado de Prensa de la Republica de Austria en Berlin. En la noche del 12 a 13 03 1938 fue llamado a Viena y fue nombrado Jefe de la Oficina de Prensa. Su unica tarea era el 13 de De marzo a las 20:00 el texto de la ley para la conexion de leer los corresponsales de la prensa extranjera en Viena. [1] En junio de 1938, Lazar se traslado a Espana y se reunio el 5 de 07 1939 en el Servicio de Relaciones Exteriores de Alemania y se convirtio en agregado de prensa de la embajada Alemana en Madrid, donde se convirtio en la eminencia gris. Como jefe del departamento de prensa de la embajada fue capaz de controlar numerosos periodicos locales, con una tirada de hasta 170.000 ejemplares, que se financie mediante Sofindus y en el que hacia propaganda a favor del Imperio Aleman Nazi. El Skoda representante Reinhard SPITZY recordo: Adolf Hitler no confiaba Lazar, queria que lo sustituya, pero no pudo. Lazar se instalo como una arana en su web en Espana. Controlo 200 publicaciones comunitarias en toda Espana. ^Tendnan su propio periodico le pregunto al sacerdote? Se financia a traves de las empresas Alemanas de publicidad, tales como Siemens, Mercedes o Merck, el cual fue pagado por Sofindus.

Lazar 1942 comenzo una campana de propaganda soflicada, el plan de El Gran, en la que trabajo con cientos de la Falange y de la Autoridad Postal espanola en 28 ciudades, la dlribucion de folletos y un mensaje de Hitler extendio de boca en oreja. El influyo en la opinion publica en la Espana fascia a favor de la Nacional Socialla aleman Reich. [2] Su vida lujoso diseno atrajo no solo aviones de reconocimiento estadounidenses y britanicos, que lo estaban viendo, pero tambien alento la sospecha de winemaker Paul, el representante de la Gestapo en el mensaje.

A partirde 1950, Lazar fue director general de una empresa comercial en Madrid. En 1956 emigro a Brasil y mas tarde regreso a Austria.

LECHNER, Herbert. German agent classified D. Listed as D203. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Ex-Portugal. Left Spain 8 April 1945. Whereabouts unknown.

LEDERER, Hilmar. Member NSDAP working for Banco Aleman Trasatlantico.

LEFFLER, Richard. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

LEGEL, Artur. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

LEHMANN, August Johann. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Carrera de San Jeronimo 35, Madrid. Born March 23, 1905. Married; two children in 1946. Employee of Sociedad Anonima Contratos y Obras. Member of NSDAP and fanatic Nazi.

LEHMANN, Erich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

LEHMANN, Hermann. German agent classified D. Listed as D204. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Formerly at Artola, Marbella.

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LEHMANN, Rudolf. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Chemist. Connected with A.E.G, Geothom, Berlin. Address: Rodriguez Arias, Bilbao.

LEHMAN-RASCHIK, Siegfried (also listed as SIEGFRIED, Lehmann-Raschik). Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Engineer. Manager of A.E.G. Iberica de Electricidad, Bilbao.

LEICHNER, Adam. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

LEIDNER, Josef. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

LEIHERER, Josef. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Unold, 9 November, 1914.

LEINER/ LENZ, alias LENZ. Abwehr m Spain.

LEINHOS, Erich Hans. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 20/2/1903 in Weimar Thiir. Address in Germany, 1946: Munchen.

LEISCHING, Wolgang. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Doctor. Irun.

LEISSNER, Gustav, alias WALDEMAR. Col. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Honorary attache in German Embassy, Madrid. Director General of Radio Mondial in Lisbon 1940. Address: Serrano, 175, Madrid. Born May 3, 1892, Berlin.

LEISSNER / LEISNER Wilhelm alias Gustav Wilhelm LENZ. German agent classified A. Listed as A205. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Po. No. 0077. Repatriated from Spain by air (dates from January 29 to February 25, 1946). Interrogated between February and May 1946. British Reports. Information about gold received from the Naval Attache, Madrid, Meyer DOEHNER in 1942 or 1943. FRANZBACH (alias PAGO), Head of the Finance Department of the Abwehr, said that this gold was what was left in the Canary Islands and was shipped straight through to Berlin.

From U.S. Army. European Command. Intelligence Division, Wartime activities of the German diplomatic and military services during World War II: Freg. Kptn. LENZ, CO of KP Spain. Later the entire staff of Referat II was incorporated into the Embassy as a section of KO Spain, Thus LENZ became KRUEGER and BLAUM's superior. Although matters of // interest were settled with Abwehr II in Berlin, LENZ still influenced II operations, since all general policies had to be approved by him. In February 1945 Leisner was in charge of political matters and acted as liaison with Spanish General Staff. He was directly under Chief of KO Spanien, Kleyenstueber. Connected with AUERBACH, FRENTRUP, KRUEGER, BLAUM.

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LEIZ, Adolf. Member NSDAP working for Banco Aleman Trasatlantico.

LEMM, Hans Peter. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Engineer. Born about 1900.

LENNER, Theodor. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: AEG. Electricien. Address: Ercilla 38, 1o izda., Bilbao. Born Wien, 25 May, 1901. Passport No 566 issued Valparaiso 20. 1 2. 1 938. Member of DAF.

LENZ, Otto, alias August FINKE. Dr. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). First consular secretary. SD.

LENZE, Carlos / Carl (father). In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Barquillo 29, Madrid. Born November 2, 1882 at Dortmund. Married to Spaniard. Two children in 1946. Owner and operator of stamp shop Centro Filatelico. Subject made frequent trips to Paris during war with apparent blessings of German authorities who facilitated him purchases and transportation. He eventually opened a branch shop in Paris. Strong collaborator of German occupation in France.

From FBI Memorandum No 180, Series 1944 for all FBI legal Attaches, Re: Flight to Axis Capital to Latin America, dated August 31, 1944:" Information has been received from a reliable source that stamps are being used for the purpose of transferring funds from Europe to Latin America. It has been reported that Carl LENZE, a German resident of Madrid, Spain, is the principal importer od occupied country stamps, specializing in Vichy, France issues. It is known that he makes frequent trips to Paris from Madrid with the apparent consent of the German authorities who facilitates his purchases and transportation. Vichy stamps demand high prices and can be purchased in Spanish and French Morocco and are much sought by stamps collectors. Recently an individual named DEJUGE, employed by the Rabat French Morocco Administration, was jailes by the French police for his implication in the trafficking in Vichy stamps. It has been reliable reported that collections of stamps find their way to Latin America in diplomatic bags and by using couriers aboard Spanish vessels in the South American trade (...)" Signed John Edgar Hoover

LEON, Emil. Cloak of Hans THOMSEN in Spain.

LEONARD, Gustav. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

LEONHARDT, Kurt. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

LEONHARDT, Theodor. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Kassenfuhrer SS.

292

LEPIORZ / LEPIORCZ, Gerhard Adolf Immanuel, Dr. Agent classified l-B in OSS records Repatriated on SS Highland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Employed in the Cultural section of the German Embassy, Madrid. Nazi Party member, former lecturer of the Deutsche Akademie in Gijon and Valladolid. Reported to have been employed by the Spanish radio station at Valladolid where he was known for his violent anti-British broadcasts. In 1943 he was called up for military service but returned after a fortnight's absence and reportedly joined the Abwehr organization. A-319 on Oficial List and III Priority List. Wife: Ingeborg LEPIORZ. DOB. Stuttgart, 23 August, 1912.

LERSNER, Karl von. Commander Engineer. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

LERZER, Karl. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

LESCAT / L'ESCAT / ESCAT CHARLES (CARLOS HIPOLITO SARALEGUI LESCA)

" Antecedentes personales: Charles LESCAT, nace en Buenos Aires el 19 de febrero de 1887. Con posterioridad hace sus estudios en Francia y en 1914 se enrola como voluntario en la guerra. Fue amigo personal de Charles MAURRAS. En las decadas de 1930 y 1940, hasta 1944, LESCAT milita en \ Action Frangaise y preside el Consejo de Administracion de la revista Je suis partout, Ademas es redactor en jefe y cronista de esta publicacion. Cuando se produce la Liberacion de Paris LESCAT se refugia en Alemania: Ese mismo ano viaja a Espana. En 1946 inmigra primero al Uruguay y luego se establece en la Argentina, desde donde coordina una de las rutas que utilizan los profugos y fugitivos -en su mayona franceses y belgas- que buscan refugio en el pais. Pierre DAYE es una de las personas que ingresa a la Argentina ayudado por Lescat. (Vease a continuacion la documentacion de este caso.)

El de mayo de 1947 LESCAT es condenado a muerte por Corte de Justicia de Paris. Muere en la Argentina en 1948.

Acerca de los tramites de extradicion de Charles LESCAT : El dia 26 de septiembre de 1946 la Embajada de Francia pone en conocimiento del Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores que el dia 10 de Setiembre de ese ano el colaboracionista frances Charles LESCAT se habria embarcado en Barcelona, Espana, en el barco "Cabo de la Buena Esperanza", con destino a Buenos Aires.

El 30 de septiembre del mismo ano, el Director General de Asuntos Politicos del Ministerio, Pascual LA ROSA, se dirige a la Oficina de Enlace con el Ministerio del Interior y la Policia Federal Argentina para informar que la nota recibida precisa que LESCAT viaja "portador de una considerable suma de oro y piedras preciosas". Como lo indica la documentacion que se publica seguidamente, los bultos que le pertenecian no fueron revisados al llegar a puerto.

El dia 20 de Enero de 1947, la Republica de Francia requirio su arresto y proporciono su domicilio. [1] Esta solicitud fue girada al Ministerio de Interior que, a su vez, lo giro a la Policia Federal Argentina.

Segun consta en el informe del Director de Investigaciones Alfonso IBARBAORDE, fechado el 25 de Febrero de 1947, se identifica con exactitud al matrimonio y su domicilio. Ibarbaorde tambien consigno donde se encontraba el matrimonio veraneando, asi como la circunstancia de que LESCAT/SARALEGUI era nacional argentino.

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Con posterioridad, el expediente paso a dictamen de la Asesona Letrada delMinisterio del Interior, que aconsejo girarlo al Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores; luego quedo sujeto al dictamen de Pascual LA ROSA,. Este afirmo el 5 de mayo de 1947 que, atento tratarse de un simple "Pedido de informe", el expediente debia girarse a la Direccion en lo Contencioso- Administrativo del mismo Ministerio. La extradicion nunca se concreto el pedido y el expediente fue archivado en el ano 1950, dos anos despues de su muerte.

Documentos de CHARLES LESCAT (CARLOS HIPOLITO SARALEGUI LESCA)

Fuente: AMREC, DP. Francia, 1946, Caja 17, Exp. No. 22 Nota 121-R-1946

Constituido a las 15.00 del dia anterior a la fecha en el Desembarcadero de la Darsena Norte, a la llegada del vapor de bandera espanola Cabo de Buena Esperanza, comprobe que en la lista de pasajeros del mismo figuran Carlos Hipolito SARALEGUI LESCA y su esposa Mana Emilia LEVRAY, pero, ambos no llegaron en razon de haber desembarcado en el Puerto de Montevideo, segun constancias establecidas en la documentacion de a bordo.

A estar a la noticia procedente del citado pais, publicada en el diario La Razon de esta Ciudad en su edicion de ayer, cuyo recorte me permito acompanar, el nombrado SARALEGUI LESCA, habna sido detenido por las autoridades respectivas de ese pais, a solicitud de la Embajada de Francia, siendo de presumir en virtud de ello, que se trataria de la misma persona aludida en la nota de fojas 2, aunque de acuerdo a los terminos de esta, resulta llamarse en cambio, Carlos SARRALEGUI.

Ambos pasajeros conducian en bodega, un cajon y dos baules, ademas de trece bultos en cabina, equipaje que en su totalidad aparece tambien desembarcado conjuntamente con los pasajeros citados.

No obstante lo expuesto, he considerado conveniente impartir instrucciones a los Jefes de los Aerodromos Presidente Rivadavia y de Puerto Nuevo, a si como tambien al del Desembarcadero de la Darsena Sud, a fin de que a la llegada de todo avion o vapor que conduzcan pasajeros desde Montevideo, examinen las listas respectivas para comprobar si viajan cualquiera de las personas indicadas, debiendo en caso afirmativo poner de inmediato el hecho en conocimiento del suscripto, a efectos de ser sometidos a una prolija revisacion.

3 de octubre de 1946.- [Rubricado con aclaracion de firma] Cesar F. TASSI

INSPECTOR DEADUANAS

Fuente: AMREC, D.P. Francia, 1946, Caja 17, Exp. No. 22

Buenos Aires, 20 de Enero de 1947

Senor Ministro,

Tengo el honor de solicitar, en nombre de S.E. el senor Ministro de Relaciones Exteriores del gobierno de la republica francesa y a titulo de reciprocidad, el arresto y la extradicion de Charles LESCA SARRALEGUI, nacido el 19 de febrero de 1887 en Buenos Aires, poseedor de la doble nacionalidad argentina y francesa, e inculpado de inteligencia con el enemigo, crimen de derecho comun previsto a la vez por los articulos 75/5, 76/3 y 84/4 del Codigo Federal frances y por la jurisprudencia internacional sentada en particular por la sentencia del Tribunal de NUREMBERG del 1ro. de Octubre de 1946.

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Vuestra Excelencia tendra a bien encontrar adjunto un expediente conteniendo: 1°) La orden de arresto.

2°) La copia fiel de la carta del Ministerio de Justicia, solicitando la intervencion del Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores.

3°) La copia fiel de los cargos.

4°) La copia fiel de las leyes francesas motivando los cargos. En total cinco documentos.

Charles LESCA, cuya extradicion habia sido solicitada al Gobierno Uruguayo y concedida por este ultimo, huyo a la Argentina y esta domiciliado en casa de una parienta suya, la Senora Juana de SARRALEGUI, Santa Fe 1785, Buenos Aires. El Embajador de Francia. "

Beatriz Gurevich, "Prologo. Etnicidad, ideologia y politica migratoria", DAIA, Proyecto Testimonio. Revelaciones de los archivos argentinos sobre la politica oficial en la era nazi- fascista, Buenos Aires, Planeta, 1998, pp. 52-53. Vease DAIA, op. cit, tomo II, pp. 15-16, caso Charles L'Escat; AMREC, D.P., Francia, 1946, Caja 17, Exp. N° 22, Nota 121-R-1946, Buenos Aires, 3 de octubre de 1946; ibid., Buenos Aires, 20 de enero de 1947, cit. en B. Gurevich, op. cit, p. 53. Charles L'Escat nacio en Francia y obtuvo la nacionalidad argentina. Fue inculpado de inteligencia con el enemigo, crimen de derecho comun previsto por los articulos 75/5, 76/3, 84/4 del Codigo Federal frances y por la jurisprudencia internacional sentada por el tribunal de Nuremberg el 1° de octubre de 1946. Ibid., p. 71, n. 70. Vease tambien U. Goni, op. cit, pp. 259-261, cuyas fuentes son: telegrama A-297 de la embajada norteamericana en Madrid, 8 de mayo de 1945, NARA, RG 59, Box 6748; nota de Messersmith a Washington, 4 de diciembre de 1946, NARA, RG 59, Box 6749; declaracion de Hans Sommer, 27 de noviembre de 1946, NARA, RG 59, Box 6749; y su declaracion bajo el nombre de Herbert Senner, 31 de julio de 1946, NARA, RG 59, Box 6748; Hoover a Neal, 27 de noviembre de 1946, NARA, RG 59, Box 6749. (Informe Final CEANA, Comision para el Esclarecimiento de las Actividades del Nazismo en la Republica Argentina)

LESSEL / LESSER / LESSEL SCHONS, Bruno. Bruno. Ex-Portugal. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified A and l-B and lll-B in OSS records. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Merzig, 16 April, 1897. Formerly teacher in German school at Valencia. Former German army officer. Wife: Herma LESSEL SEIDEL. Children: Uta and Gerhard. Address: Villa Suecia, calle del Limonar, Malaga and Villa Vallet, Beraun, Irun.

LETTERER, Willi / Wilhelm Georg. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 31/12/1916 in Wornitz Mittelfranken. Address in Germany, 1946: Woernitz, Mittelfranken, Bayern (US zone).

LEUBE, Hugo. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Nova, S.A. Employee. Aguirre 1, 4° dcha., Bilbao. Born Pforzheim, 17 Oct. 1903. Passport No. 157 R/131/37 issued Bin. Wdorf 30.4.37. Member of NSDAP and DAF.

295

LEUGERING, Johann. Kath. Priest Missionary. Arrived Germany from Spain May 12, 1946. Born in 1891. Address in Germany: Muenster, Westfalen, Mozartstrasse 7.

LEUTNER, Walter. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Listed as B207. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Repatriated from Spain by air (dates from January 29 to February 25, 1946). Po. No. 0078. Born on 10 January 1900 in Schramberg. Subject was an accountant for the Abwehr in Barcelona. He served with the Condor Legion in Spain. Interned at Caldas de Malavella, November 1944. Subject was released to Schramberg, Schwarzwald. Address in Barcelona.

LEVERENZ, Willhelm Th. Martin. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 22/10/1914 in Kirchwerder Hamburg. Address in Germany, 1946: Naumansweg 3, Hamburg (British zone).

LEVETZOW, Werner von. Still In Spain in December 19 1946. In files of the Office of Political Affairs, American Embassy, Madrid.

LEVY, Ernst. In mental institution. Repatriated from Portugal. Interrogated in Camp 76 by G-2 UFSET before 6 March 1946.

LEVY Hermann. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 1/3/1906 in Berlin.

LEWIN-RICHTER, Israel Richard. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Azucarera Leopoldo, Miranda de Ebro. Cervantes 25 - 3°, Zaragoza, since 1941. Born Berlin 28 March 1902. Passport No. 181/40 issued Bilbao 26.11.40.

LEWINSKI, Werner von. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

LEY, Paul. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

LEYENER, Arnold. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

LIEBERT, Wilhelm. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

LIEBETRAU, Jolanthe. Interrogated conducted at Camp 77, Ludwigsburg on 12th July 1 946. Daughter of the Reichsbahnofficial Otto LIEBETRAU. She went to Spain from Belgium in August 1943. In Belgium she claimed to have worked in the Land-Gruppe office under Landesgruppenleiter SCHOLZE. She was involved in a dubious affair that involved her, SCHOLZE, and KSCHWENDT, hauptamtliche for the Land-Gruppe Office.

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Member of the NSV where she worked as agent and book-keeper. Involved with Hermann LAUTENSCHLAEGER and Max SEIFERT in concealing funds withdrawn from Banco Germanico (1.800.000 pts). Connected with THOMSEN.

LIEBRICH, Peter. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Socedad Bilbaina de Minerales y Metales. San Agustin 4, Bilbao. Born Kaiserslautern (Saarpfalz), 3 April 1882. Passport No. 51/38 issued Bilbao 15.7.38.

LIECHTENSTEIN / LICHTENSTEIN / LICHENSTEIN, Dr. Erich, Alfred Johannes. Agent classified A and l-B in OSS records. Listed as A208. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Repatriated by air from Spain between 29 January to 25 february 1946. Po. No. 0079. Interned in Camp 76. Interrogated in June 25 1946. He was lawyer and was asked by Dr. NOSKE, Leipzig, to work for KADNER in Madrid. Founded firm Azmarka in Spain with three Spaniards operating patents. Owner of three patents reglered in Spain: (a) chemical preparation for railroad ties, (b) a dentifrice (c) a technical skin preparation. Born August 7, 1904 in Plauen, Germany. Height 5' 6" (168 cm), dark brown hair, brown eyes. Address: in November 1944, Calle Serrano 93, 5th floor Madrid, tel. 54443. Has travelled in U.S., U.K., China and N. Africa. Other address: Duque de Sesto 10B, Madrid and Hotel Lacorzan, Madrid.

LIEGEL, Max. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

LIERSCH, Alois. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

LIESAU ZACH ARIAS, Franz alias Francisco LIESAU. Originally listed as B-472 and I, I Priority for repatriation. German. Born Frankfurt / Main January 5, 1908 of a French mother Elena ZACH ARIAS and German father, Franz LIESAU. Married Sitta von LETTOW- VORBECK; sons: Francisco, Christian, Corinna. Died in Madrid, 31 December, 1992. Representative in Madrid of the German Firm Maschinenbau, A. G. Agent of / Wi Nest Cologne grom at least March 1942 until at least March 1945 (1). Engaged in the purchase of animals from Spanish Morocco, Spanish Guinea and posibly other localities, to be sent to Germany for experimental purposes. This activity was discontinued in March 1 945 and Allied investigators thought he might have left Spain in April 1945, possibly having obtained Spanish nationality. Said to have engaged in counter-espionage for the Condor Legion during the Civil War.

Passport N° 2381/41 issued Madrid December 16, 1941. Address: (1945, office) Calle de Alcala 52, Madrid. Tel. 21531.

Listed in the Madrid phone book as Francisco LIESAU Oficina Tecnica, Calle de Alcala 52, Madrid. Tel. 21531

LIESAU had two secret German patents in operation. One ZIMMER was involved in the deal and was reportedly a Gestapo agent.

From a reliable source. May 17, 1945: Subject came to Spain ten years before as a commercial traveler representing German machines companies. He fought on the side of FRANCO during Spanish Civil War, thus earning the friendship of many influential Spaniards. In 1939 he became the owner and head of a large office, Oficina Tecnica Francisco Liesau. Subject returned to Germany for military service and was back in Spain in 1944, where he was living wealthily in 1945. He was still German and member of the Nazi Party, but was applying for Spanish citizenship.

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According to another reliable source of B-2 evaluation, August 7, 1945, LIESAU had secured Spanish nationality through the Barcelona courts. He was engineer and technician by profesion and reputedly great scientific ability. In July 30, 1945 he reglered at the Hotel Ritz Barcelona as German, age 37 with German Passport N° 678/43.

LIESAU was on the Consolidated List for repatriation to Germany. Affidavit and curriculum by deportee in American Embassy Madrid, dated January 30, 1946. (1) "The German Embassy reserved five places for return trip to Germany before 21 April ban on travel between Spain and Germany takes effect. These were for subject, FUHR, LUCHT, ZELLER, and SCHADE. According to source, subject will not depart but has gone on a trip without leaving any address." (Files of the Military Attache, April 17, 1945").

From OSS reports:

1 . Dr. Franz LIESAU (also known as Francisco LIESAU) came to Spain about ten years ago as a commercial traveller representing German machine companies. He was in Spain during the Spanish Civil War and fought on the side of the Nationalists, thus earning the friendship of many influential Spaniards.

2. In 1939 Liesau established the firm of Oficina Tecnica Francisco Liesau, Alcala 52, which at times has represented as many as ninety German machine and machine tool firms, as well as some Swiss concerns. LIESAU transacted business principally with the Ministry of War, Ministry of Air, Ministry of Agriculture, Astilleros de Bilbao, Altos Hornos de Vizcaya, and Siemens.

3. In anticipation of his entrance into the German army, and in order to camouflage his interests, LIESAU in May 1943 transferred title to all of his possessions to the following three Spaniardst Manuel de BOFARULL Y ROMANO, a lawyer; a certain LLOPIS and Jose GARCIA, formerly a poorly-paid mechanic and at present a partner in the company. In May 1944 Dr.

LIESAU re-appeared in Spain and transformed his firm into a Spanish "Sociedad Anonima". Since no German machines were obtainable, he had the models copied and manufactured in Spain, and even expanded his business. He has often said that business was going as well as ever and that he planned to extend his activities to Portugal. After the company was reorganized, its principal business was that of manufacturing machine tools. Aocording to LIESAU -the latest establishment he has set up is an Eisengiesserei, or pattern-making and foundry establishment*

5. The following persons constitute the office staff of the Oficina Tecnica Francisco LIESAU, Luis CAMARA

Leopoldina PROELL, a German who is the private secretary of Liesau and a veteran employee of the office

Jose GARCIA, a technician, who has been made a partner.

Dolores AGUDO, a Spaniard, who is private secretary and a veteran employee in the office. MUNOZ a salesman

MOHRING, a German salesclerk who has been with the firm since 1943. He escaped having to do military service because of his Jewish ancestry.

From SSU Report No Q 657 (OSS Records), 26 September 1945

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"All the machinery of the Oficina Tecnica Liesau has been secreted at Calle Jordan 1 1, Madrid, which is a furniture warehouse belonging to a certain Gonzalez, whose central office is situated at Alcala 41 The machinery was transported by trucks owned by Baquera, Kusche y Martin".

Interrogated by Allied Control Commision about German armaments trade with Spain during war.

Post-activities in Spain :

El Mundo 13 March 1997:MADRID.- Un presunto agente del espionaje nazi era el presidente de la empresa que suministro al Cesid todos los equipos para la realization de escuchas. Franz Liesau Zacharias fue presidente de la empresa Sociedad para Investigaciones y Aplicaciones Industrials (SIAISA) hasta su fallecimiento en diciembre de 1992. Desde entonces la empresa la preside su hijo Christian Liesau Von Lettow y el vicepresidente es su otro hijo Francisco Gerardo. Tambien consta en el registro como administradora la hija del presunto nazi, Corina, y su viuda Sitta Von Lettow Vorbeck.

El nombre de Franz Liesau Zacharias aparece en una lista de agentes nazis protegidos por el regimen de Franco que figura en el Archivo General del Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores y que fue desvelado recientemente por El Pais.

Su ficha sehala que era un agente de la Abwehr, el servicio de contraespionaje nazi. Ahade que «este hombre se hace llamar doctor. Involucrado en la compra de animales del Marruecos espahol y de la Guinea espahola para fines experimentales en Alemania, entre ellos la propagation de horribles enfermedades, como la peste, en los campos de concentration)).

Al acabar la Segunda Guerra Mundial el regimen de Franco le protegio y denego su entrega a los aliados. Ahora, EL MUNDO dispone de documentation que demuestra que, durante los ahos 80, mantuvo su relation con los servicios secretos espaholes. En concreto, su empresa fue el principal proveedor de equipos de escuchas del Cesid y mantenia magnificas relaciones con el entonces jefe de los servicios secretos espaholes, el general Alonso Manglano. En la ficha del presunto agente, elaborada en 1945, consta como domicilio el mismo de la actual sede de la empresa, oficialmente dedicada a «servicios tecnicos de precision». La oficina de la empresa esta tambien en el numero 52 de la calle Alcala de Madrid, en un edificio propiedad de la familia Liesau desde los ahos 40. Este periodico ha tenido acceso a la documentation que demuestra que esta empresa fue proveedora durante ahos del Cesid y fue la que instalo en 1992 el sofisticado equipo de escuchas con que cuentan los servicios secretos espaholes. Asi, obran en poder de EL MUNDO las complejas especificaciones tecnicas de los equipos instalados. Los documentos llevan el epigrafe «Pliego de prescripciones tecnicas para la adquisicion de un sistema de supervision de lineas telefonicas».

Entre las caracteristicas tecnicas del equipo figura un sistema para duplicar la capacidad de las cintas en las que se graban las escuchas o un sistema automatico de busqueda. En ahos anteriores y posteriores esta empresa tambien contrato con el Cesid y con organismos relacionados con la seguridad. Asi, en 1994 estuvo a punto de participar en un proyecto multimillonario para la construction de un gran gabinete de escuchas en la Direction General de la Guardia Civil. En poder de este periodico obra un estudio denominado «Proyecto de creation de un gabinete central de intervenciones e interceptaciones». Este Gabinete iba a instalarse en la sede de la Guardia Civil de Madrid, segun el proyecto de la jefatura de Investigation e Information. Finalmente, el plan, que contaba con el visto bueno oficial, fue paralizado por la destitution del entonces director general de la Guardia Civil Luis Roldan.

Segun la declaration anual de operaciones de la empresa del aho 95, en ese ejercicio recibio 3. 1 77.240 Pesetas por el mantenimiento de los equipos de escuchas del Cesid. Tambien ese aho SIAISA recibio 22. 137.847 Pesetas del Ministerio de la Presidencia por la instalacion de diversos equipos de seguridad. Ademas, esta empresa es la principal suministradora de equipos de seguridad a otras administraciones publicas y la Ertzaintza y

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los Mossos d'Esquadra. Igualmente, es la empresa fabricante de los radares moviles de la Guardia Civil.

Las mentiras al juez Baltasar Garzon

Christian Liesau Von Lettow Vorbeck, hijo del presunto agente nazi y actual presidente de Siaisa, tuvo que declarar ante el juez Baltasar Garzon en 1989. Y segun la documentacion que ahora obra en poder de EL MUNDO no dijo la verdad.

Christian Liesau se encontraba la noche del 20 de noviembre de 1989 en el restaurante Basque de la calle Alcala de Madrid. Mientras cenaba con unos amigos, a escasos metros de la sede de la empresa que entonces presidia su padre, presunto agente nazi, dos individuos dispararon contra varios parlamentarios electos de Herri Batasuna, resultando muerto Josu Muguruza y herido grave lhaki Esnaola.

Baltasar Garzon, instructor del sumario, tomo declaracion a todos los testigos presenciales del atentado, entre ellos Christian Liesau y sus acompahantes en la cena. El empresario declaro entonces que estaba casualmente en el local y que su empresa se dedicaba a fabricar relojes, omitiendo que, en realidad, la sociedad era proveedora de equipos para los servicios secretos espaholes y las Fuerzas de Seguridad del Estado, entre otros organismos publicos. En todas las declaraciones de ingresos de la empresa constan cantidades millonarias procedentes de distintos organismos publicos, especialmente del Ministerio del Interior, como la Policia Nacional y la Guardia Civil. FERNANDO GAREA y FERNANDO LAZARO.

LIMMER, Ewald. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

LINARES, Arturo. From Information of OSS, Art Unit, dated 20 August, 1945, Individuals involved in suspicious Art activities, Iberian Peninsula: " Art dealer, reported to have handled looted objects from occupied countries particularly those brought in by volunteers of the Blue Division".

LINAS, Luis. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Mining engineer. Spanish of German origin. Address: Hotel Roma, Orense.

LINDE, Andre. Col. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Barcelona.

LINDEMANN, Heinz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

LINDEN Georg. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Representative. Zorrozaurre 3, Deusto-Bilbao. Born at Frankfurt/M.-Hoechst on 18 November 1907. Passport No. 113 issued at Frankfurt. Member of DAF and NSV.

LINDENBERG, Gerhard Johann Kaspar. Col. In Marine Perch file. DOB. Lubeck, 15 October, 1895. A-325 on Official List and III Priority List. Deported on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Arrested April 4, 1946. In No 6 CIC (British Civilian Internment Camp) Neuengamme (Hamburg). Former chief of Lufthansa in Madrid. Repatriated on the Highland Monarch. In British Zone at Uetersen (Hamburg) for interrogation. Connected with Wolgang MINAMEYER. Interrogated by OMGUS Finance Division May 25, 1946. After the German defeat he provided to Allies valuable but incomplete information about German and

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cloaking activities in Spain and supplied names of persons engaged in cloaking activities in Spain.

LINDENBERG was born in Lubeck in 1895. At the time of the defeat of German armies in 1945, he was director for Deutsche Lufthansa A.G. in Spain. He gave information about:

- Lufthansa and its relations with Spanish Iberia.

- Cloak activities:

Sofindus. LINDENBERG believed a bookeeper for the concern, one Kurt ROHE (still in Spain in May 1946) could have made good a boast of beign able to marshal cloaked assets of the company amounting to Pesetas 80.000.000.

Eckhardt KRAMER (German Air Attache), Madrid and BERNHARDT, director of Sofindus, had been very busy cloaking German assets since May 1945. According to LINDENBERG, BERNHARDT had been the top man in Spain during war, with more power and influence than the Ambassador. He was a pastmaster at cloaking, with some of his operations running through four or five companies. Concerning Sofindus, subject added that the company dominated German-Spanish arms and munitions traffic and was the controlling factor in the Montana Mining interest in Spain. It had grown out of a base of the Hisma, which had been founded by BERNHARDT. The latter came to Spain from Hamburg as a penniless bankrupt in 1936 or 1937. Intending to go to South America, he was delayed in Spain through a meager acquaintanceship with FRANCO. By one or another intrigue BERNHARDT secured GOERING's promise of German aid to FRANCO and thus began operations which grew into Sofindus. LINDENBERG said that probably both BERNHARDT and KRAMER were able to evade repatriation through intrigue with officials in the Spanish Foreign Office. Sofindus was wholly owned by Germans. It received a percentage of all clearing funds and it was most active in operations involving arms, munitions and in mines through the Montana interests. German Consul in Tetuan LANGENHEIM and BETHKE of the Reichschaftministerium (RWM), were BERNHARDT's chief collaborators. All transactions in arms were centralized in KRAMER'S office. A Lt. Col. GOLDENBERG and one SEELEG were also important figures in arms traffic.

Additionals Sofindus connections were:ZIESCHE, German in Spain particularly well informed on cloaking operations; Handelrat ENGE; BECKER; Major BREY, German who worked closely with KRAMER; Johann STURM, representative of the Heinkel aircraft people in Spain; KIECHLE; MOLLET, Dr. VOLLHARDT, technical advisor in the German Embassy, Madrid.

Spanish collaborators with BERNHARDT and KRAMER were: General ROA, Lt. Col.

NUNEZ (misspelled NUNES); GALLARZA of the Spanish Air Ministry; NAVASQUES

(misspelled NAVASQUEZ), Economic expert with Spanish Foreign Office.

Other safehaven candidates in Spain named by LINDENBERG were:

ALBRECHT, AEG official in Spain, was believed to have had Pesetas 20.000.000 on hand

which were intended for German schools. The ownership of these Pesetas had probably

been cloaked.

Kurt MEYER-DOEHMER (misspelled OEHMER in some documents), German Naval Attache, also collaborated with KRAMER and BERNHARDT.

LAZAR, German Press Attache in Madrid, had access to millions of Pesetas from German

funds which he avowed he would keep for himself, hence he cloaked them.

Dr. LIESAU, technical representative of an office machine company, was also a cloaking

artist.

Information about relations between Lufthansa and Iberia: According to a Statement made by LINDENBERG in Spain, Lufhansa held a participation up to August 1943 of 49%, 25% in compliance with Spanish law and 24% un the names of nominees. The participation was acquired in August 1943 by the Instituto Nacional de Industria, Madrid. On the confidential files of the Berlin Devisenstelle, a letter, dated 22 September, 1939, from Lufthansa, Berlin to

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Reichminister of air, reveals that Lufthansa owned a Spanish subsidiary, Iberia. Iberia owed large sums to Lufthansa and discharged these obligations in part by making monthly remittances of Pesetas to the German Meterological Station in Madrid. Wife, Lilly and two daughters, Lilli and Huberta, repatriated in Highland Monarch.

LINKER, Kurt. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Released May 1946. Address in Germany: Erckenerstr 25, Munchen-Gladbach. Worked in German Consulate, San Sebastian. Wife: Mary Elizabeth. DOB. Wiesbaden, 23 November, 1922. E- 128 on Official List.

LIPPE, Martin. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

LIPPERHEIDE HENKE, Franz / Francisco. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Norte 8, Valencia; and Via Layetana, Barcelona. Born December 31, 1907 at Neheim. French wife Julia STRACH and two children in 1946. On Proclaimed List. Agent for several German firms. Connected with firm Lipperheide y Guzman S.A., Bilbao and other Spanish companies. Extreme Nazi and pro-Falange. Believed to have occupied important position in 6/S in Spain, to which his economic success is attributed.

From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Suministros Industrials. Passport No. 173/42. Member of DAF.

LIPPERHEIDE, Friedrich. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. SS agent classified l-B in OSS records. Listed as B209. Born 1883. Industrialist. Address: San Agustin 3, Bilbao.

LIPPERHEIDE, Fritz. Via Layetana, Sociedad de Minerales y Metales, Gran Via 62, Bilbao. Born Neheim, 9 Nov. 1898. Passport No. 9/41 issued Bilbao 1 1 .1 .41. Member of NSDAP, DAF and SS (F.M.).

LIPPERHEIDE HENKE, Josef. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Alameda de Mazarredo 7, Bilbao. On Proclaimed List. Connected with Lipperheide y Guzman. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Born Neheim, 1 March 1906. Passport No. 63/40 issued Bilbao 24.4.40. Member of DAF.

LITTERST, Erich Adolf. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 14/5/1917 in Halbmeil Baden. Address in Germany, 1946: Kenzingen bei Freiburg, Breisgau.

LOBER / LOEBER, Hermann. Dr. Justice Counsellor. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

LOCH, Wilhelm. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

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LOCHMAN, Ernst. German agent classified B. Listed as B210. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Ex-employee German legation, Tangier. Expelled to Spain, March 1944.

LOEBE, Franz. German formerly employed as technician by the Spanish Government. Listed for departure on SS Marine Marlin, scheduled to leave the Port of Bilbao about Agust 31 , 1946.

LOEBELI, Siegfried von. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

LOEDNER Ernst

LOEH (fnu). I-M, KO Spanien, Ceuta (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain).

LOEHNERT, Gerhardo. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. San Sebastian.

LOESCH, Heinz Otto. Listed as to be repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Arrived Septemper. DOB. Lubeck, 21 September, 1904. In his interrogation report mady by OMGUS, 22 September, 1946 he gave information about assets and firms cloaked in Spain.

LOESCHNER, Karl. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Ex/officer. Been in Polish and Dutch campaigns.

LOETSCH, Rudolf. Member NSDAP working for Banco Aleman Trasatlantico.

LOEWE / LOEBE, Walter J.K.H.. Listed A/329, I Priority. Repatriated from Madrid by army airtransport on 23 August 1946. Born at Jena, June 25, 1916. In Portugal (1920-1932; 1940- 1942), Germany (1942-1944), Spain (1944-1946). HJ (HitlerJunge) 1931-1935. Oberleutenant\NH Abwehr li in Madrid. Military Secret Police. Connected with MOLDENHAUER, HERZ, DEMBINSKY. Colleague of Emilio MUELLER, of the Gestapo. Description: Tall, blue-eyed, curly haired with left side -part. Married a Frl. WRUNDE (?), born in Lisbon where his father had a business.

Spanish Primer furnished by Attache D.P. Medalie's office: First reported at l-i K.O. Portugal in December 1940. Went to Berlin in October 1942. In Warsaw in December 1942. Travelled to Lisbon as a courier in March 1943, returning to Germany in April. Again attempted to go to Lisbon as a courier in March 1943 but was delayed until February 1944 (...). Granted leave in Lisbon in March 1944 because of the illness of his mother, who lived there (...). Returned to Berlin in April 1944. Seconded to Madrid August 1944 as Referent li KOM Spain, and was still so employed in April 1945. Visited Lisbon and Oporto in October 1944 and December 1944. Awarded some decoration in August 1944. Promoted Oberregierungsrat (senior government official) prior to April 1945. Reported in July 1942 to be engaged to the daughter

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of Obst. von ESEBECK, who was then German Military attache in Lisbon. Height 5'1 1" (180 cm.). Passports: (1) N° 28/42 and (2) N° 9140/42 issued Berlin February 11, 1945.

LOFFLER / LOEFFLER, Otto. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801- 2850: Hotel Inglaterra, Bilbao. Born Musberg a.F.,11 Nov. 1895. Passport No. 98/40 issued Bilbao 28.6.40. Member of DAF.

LOHBECK, Wilhelm. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

LOHMANN, Hermann. Deportee Madrid-Germany by Army air November 22 1 946. Listed as B-266 III priority.

Spanish Primer from D.P.Medalie's office: German agent who entered Spain via Irun in May 1944. Closely associated with Major Alexander von BENTHEIM of I Luft Abwehr Amt. Recomended for expulsion in February 1945.

From British report dated December 28, 1945: LOHMANN and Walter SCHWAEDKE worked for PANHORST (PABHORST by error) in Barcelona

Information from LOHMANN's Affidavit, December 1946: He met Walter SCHWAEDKE (import-export), who introduced him to A. BENTHEIM. At the same time he made acquaitance of the partner of SCHWAEDKE, Jonny DECKER, of Paris. He met PANHORST through SCHWAEDKE.

LOHRUM, Walter. Classified lll-C in OSS records. Colegio Aleman, Tenerife.

LOHSE. In Marine Perch file.

LOHSE, Edgar. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850:Minerales de Espana: Shipping agent (now with Transportes Marion). Last known address: Irun. Born Kiel, 31 May 1907. Passport No. 9/10/38 issued Santander 5.4.580 Member of NSDAP and DAF.

LOHSE, Gunther / Gunther. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Counsellor.

LOLISCHKIES, Wilhelm. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

LONING, Erich Heinrich. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 19/9/1922 in Barop Salingen Kr. Horde. Address in Germany, 1946: Oberbergische Str. 82a, Wuppertal-Unterbarmen (British zone).

LOPEZ, Antonio. From Records of the American Commission for the Protection and Salvage of Artistic and Historic Monuments in War Areas, 1943-1946. Subject File: Menten. (Attachement 2, dated 13 February 1945: Report on looted Works of Art in Spa/n-MIEDL Case): French, Commissaire special, Hendaye. Connected with OTELET, requested

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KONINCKX's release. Now in Ondarreta jail, San Sebastian, arrested after attempt to kidnap Heinrich BAUER in San Sebastian, December 1944. With him in jail are Henri LATSAQUE and Henri BEGUE (BEC?)

LOPEZ MORENO, Militar Spanish agent for Abwehr. General Staff Abt. II {General Records Pertaining to External Assets Investigations, compiled 1948 - 1950, documenting the period 1939 - 1950 Series: Repatriates : Spain - General (June 1946- September 1947) )

LOREK / LORECK, Hans. Comdr. Agent classified l-B and ll-B in OSS records. Engineer. Assistant Naaval attache, German Embassy, Madrid. Born about 1908. Address: Calle Segre 7, Madrid. Promised but did not appear in November 22 1946.

LOREK, Emil. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Attached to German Embssy, Madrid. Arrived Spain 1940.

LORENZEN Uwe. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 11/8/1910 in Hamburg. Address in Germany, 1946: Hamburg 13, beim Schlump 52 (British zone).

LORITZ Johann Konstantin. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 14/1/1918 in Schonau bei Lorrach Baden. Address in Germany, 1946: Schonau bei Lorrach Baden (French zone).

LORMES, Hans, alias MIRLO. From CI-CIR/12, 12 January 1946. Headquarters United States Forces European Theater Military Intelligence Service Center. APO 757. Subject: Referat II KO Spanien. Hptm referent for Italy, N Africa, Spain, and Portugal in Mil D, Spring 44- Apr 45. Born 1910 1 .75 m, slender, blond hair, pale complexion, blue eyes. Career: 1 942-Summer 43 with Alst Rome. Summer 43-Spring 44 Chief of Italy and North Africa Referate of Abwehr II. Misc: Married, 2(?) children. Served in Russia until 42

LOSBICHLER, Ludwig. Austrian. GIS agent and art dealer of looted paintings after the war. Gestapo agent classified A. Listed as A21 1. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Attached at the German consulate Tangier. Born in Austria about 1898. Interned at Caldas de Malavella, January 1945. Repatriated from Spain by air (dates from January 29 to February 25, 1946). Po. No. 0080. Interrogated between February and May 1946. British Reports. He declared a business in Spanish Morocco in his own name, value 180.000 pts. Address in Barcelona: Jose Antonio Primo de Rivera 642.

See Eliah Meyer, Ludwig Losbichler: marchante de arte y agente de la gestapo 1 y 2, a complete study of the work and dealings of this Gestapo agent and art looter and the images of the existing documents in National Archives, Kew and NARA.

LOSCH, Heinz Otto. German agent. Repatriated from Bilbao. In 1945 posed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

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LOTTIE R, Pierre. Pierre LOTTIER in collaboration with SCHIFFMANN and Israel van

MESSEL (misspelled MOSCEL / MESCEL in some documents) opened the shop where they sold their looting. LOTTIER admitted this before the police: Muebles Manonellas, Avda. Jose Antonio, 521-583, Barcelona. Gestapo agent. From Information of OSS, Art Unit, dated 20 August, 1945, Individuals involved in suspicious Art activities, Iberian Peninsula: "Muebles Manonellas, Avenida de Jose Antonio 521-523, Barcelona. Subject has admitted handling works of art illegally smuggled into Spain. Is owner of antique shop in Barcelona with branches in Nice and elsewhere in France."

LOW, Gustav. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Martin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Thurn, 23 May, 1919.

LOWE, Hans-Martin. Member NSDAP working for Banco Aleman Trasatlantico.

LUBNITZ / LUEBNITZ. Military treasurer. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugoy las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

LUBURIC, Vjekoslav / Vickoslaw LUBURIZ SOLDO, alias Maks, aka Vicente PEREZ GARCIA, aka Ladislao CERNOSKY SNOVODA aka Wieko LUBARICH aka Maximiliano LUBARICH aka DRINIANIN. Born June 13/20, 1913 in Humac, Ljubuski, (Western Herzegovina). Died 1969 in Spain. War criminal. Commander-in-chief of all the NDH (Free State of Criatia) concentration camps, under Ustasha terror. Commander-in-chief of Ustasha Defence Brigades. Commander-in-chief of Krizari (Croatian anti-communist guerrilla army). Ante PAVELIC gave him the rank of General.

Guilty of the following crimes:

1. Gudovac massacre (April, 1941). Murder of 196 civilian Serbs in retaliation for the killing of a Croatian soldier by an unknown person.

1 . Veljun massacre. Mass killing of 400 Serbs by members of the Ustase in the village of Veljun in the Kordun region

2. Second massacre in Glina. 30 July 700-1 ,200 Serbs were massacred by a group of Ustase led by Vjekoslav Luburic after being invited to celebrate a mass conversion to Roman Catholicism.

3. Jasenovac concentration camp. A range between 300.000 to 700.000 immates (Serbian, Jews and Romas) were murdered with the most atrociuos methods: cremation of living immates, gas poisoning, executions with hammers, knifes or saws. Jasenovac has been considered the worst concentration camp in WWII. LUBURIC ordered all and every murder and often he participate in the killing of prisoners.

From Crimes in the Jasenovac Camp. Zagreb 1946, report of the State Commission of Croatia for the Investigation of the Crimes of the Occupation Forces and their Collaborators from 1946. Translated by Sinisa Djuric:

"The Poglavnik entrusted supreme control over all of Jasenovac's camps to LUBURIC MAKS. In all of his duties, LUBURIC was responsible only to him.

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Before the war, LUBURIC was a common criminal and had been sentenced to prison for a variety of criminal offenses. From the original police reports found in the files of the Zagreb police, we can see that LUBURIC, by the sentence of 7 September 1 929 No. 1 04.761, was punished with two days in prison for roaming the streets, and by the sentence of the District Court in Mostarof 5 December 1931 No. Kzp. 719/31, with five months hard labor for the embezzlement of 8,305 dinars belonging to the public stock exchange in Mostar. He was arrested again for a second act of embezzlement.

His real name isn't MAKS, the nickname he was given by his Ustase colleagues, but Vjekoslav. LUBURIC was a common rambler, despising all honest labor. When PAVELIC left the country, he went after him and refined his brutality in various Ustase camps in Hungary and Italy. PAVELIC so highly appreciated these Ustase abilities that he eventually named him an Ustase general.

This monster, of an almost dwarf-like height and a face bearing strong traces of infantilism and the characteristics of a criminal, represented the supreme and only authority in the camps.

LUBURIC came to Jasenovac two or three times per month. He stayed only a few days at a time, but even during that short period he committed so many atrocities that the prisoners were terrified when they would hear that he had "stopped by" Jasenovac. Knowing when new transports of prisoners arrived at Jasenovac, he wanted to hear why individual prisoners had been sentenced. He only heard and understood what his hatred, his base passions, and his most bestial instincts dictated.

His first "reports" were terrible, characterized by his ranting and curses, and followed up by fists, rifle butts, bullets from his revolver and his knife across their throats. He constantly patrolled the camp, looking to discover any violation of "camp discipline," to catch a prisoner slackening from weakness, old age or illness, to catch a hungry prisoner rummaging through the trash for food or not greeting him with a proper Ustase salute. His eyes would glisten, and a revolver or a knife would go into action.

On 9 October 1942, LUBURIC arranged for a ceremony in Jasenovac and distributed

gold and silver medals to his subordinates, sent to them by PAVELIC as a reward for "merit."

At the banquet, LUBURIC, as drunk as the rest, held a speech and according to the

testimony of one witness stated, "And thus in one year here in Jasenovac we have

slaughtered more people than the Ottoman Empire was able to do during the entire stay of

the Turks in Europe. "

(...)

" Around 15 November (1941), LUBURIC ordered that all prisoners who were physically unable to move to the new camp were to be executed. On that occasion, 600 to 700 prisoners were murdered.

The same day, LUBURIC ordered another eighty-five prisoners to be killed, because they had dared to appeal to him to improve the quality of the food received by the inmates." (...)

"Near the end of the Summer of 1942, LUBURIC noticed the children in the attics of workshops and in the barracks, and he ordered the Ustase to search the whole camp.

Thus it was discovered that there were over four hundred boys and girls in the camp, ranging from four to fourteen years of age. LUBURIC consulted with his officers and — to the inmates' surprise — had the children registered and placed in special rooms. He identified several male and female teachers among the inmates, and ordered them to teach the children to read, write and sing. This little "kindergarten" became the sole joy of the inmates in the camp. Their happiness didn't last long. MATKOVIC IVICA, KAPETANOVIC and SLISKOVIC IVAN weren't satisfied with the results; it seemed to them that the children's upbringing didn't emphasize enough the Ustase spirit. Aside from that, they had established that these children were mostly Serbian and Jewish. When LUBURIC returned to Jasenovac, they

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reported their findings to him. He ordered that they be killed, particularly as they had become

a burden to the supply budget."

(...)

"I remember seeing another incident involving several other prisoners. In December 1944, LUBURIC, MATKOVIC, LJUBO MILOS, STOJCIC and KORDIC amused themselves by knocking down a 19-year old girl, LONCAREVIC MARICA from Plesma. She was nude on the ground, they spread her legs and then crucified her on a table and burned her genitals with cigarettes, they shook off the ashes from their cigarettes. (Witness Duzemlic Milan's Statement).

"On a Sunday just before Christmas of 1944, I saw at 11 o'clock about forty naked women and children herded out of the camp to the Granik, where LUBURIC cut their throats and PRPIC cut open their bellies and dumped them into the Sava. (Witness Kosina Franjo's Statement). (...)

"The Ustase realized that the end of their reign of terror was near, so LUBURIC, BOBAN and other "knights" suggested slaughtering everyone who was not a part of the Ustase. Thus the Ustase from October 1944 until the last days of the war committed mass liquidations of all hostile elements.

Again, transports began to arrive to Jasenovac from unliberated parts of the country. Whole prisons and camps were evacuated and their inmates transferred to Jasenovac. Throughout the Winter of 1944 and '45 blood flowed from the "Granik" and from Gradina.

At the end of war LUBURIC he escaped to Hungary, Austria, France and Spain. The Spanish authorities gave him protection and provided him with new identity papers with the name of Vicente PEREZ GARCIA. This protection needed the acquiescence (besides FRANCO'S) of the following ministers: Alberto MARTIN -ARTAJO (Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores ), Agustm MUNOZ GRANDES, whose friend was ( Ministerio del Ejercito), Bias PEREZ GONZALEZ (Ministerio de la Gobernacion), and Antonio ITURMENDI BANALES {Ministerio de Justicia). In Spain LUBURIC founded in 1955 HNO ( Hrvatski narodni odpor or Croatian National Resistance). The HNO was a terrorist gang, faithful to Ustasha principles, involved in racketeering, murder, extortion, hijacking and bombing. According to Spanish press, LUBURIC lived in Madrid, Bilbao (where he married) and Valencia. He bought a farm Beniganim and in 1957 he went to live to Carcaxent or Carcagente. In Carcagente he opened a printing house named Drina, where he edited the HNO review Drina) and met his subordinates. LUBURIC was murdered 20 April, 1969, by llija STANIC. Married the Spaniard Isabel HERNAIZ (SANTISTEBAN, according some Spanish press). They had 4 children Domagoj, known as Dronchi, born in 1954, Drina, born in 1956, Vjekoslav, born in 1957 and Miroslava Maria del Carmen LUBURIC HERNAIZ, known as Mirica or Mirka.

(See also ABC, 23 April, 1969, p. 73, 24 April, 1969, p. 65 and 25 April, 1969, p. 75 to read the Goverment's coverage of this case)

LUCHT. SD Gestapo in Spain.

LUDDEKE / LUEDECKE, Hans. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Montesa 32, Madrid. Married to a native of Uruguay. Two sons in Argentina. Agent for German and Italian firms.

LUDWIG, Franz Karl. Repatriated from Bilbao.

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LUEBKE / LUBKE Gerhard Paul Ernst. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 3/12/1909 in Berlin/Mariendorf. Address in Germany, 1946: Ottokarstr. 5a, Berlin-Tempelhof (US zone).

LUIS, Werner. Agent classified lll-A in OSS records. Professor. German University professor at German Cultural Institute, Murcia.

LUMB, Guillermo / Wilhelm, alias WILLY. Abwehr agent in Spain. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Ronda de la Universidad 10, Barcelona. Connected with Laboratories Super, a pharmaceutical factory, which firm was closelly allied with commercial and spionage activities and doing contract work for Schering.

LUMPE, Kurt. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. Local chief of DAF, Sevilla.

LUNGWITZ, Walter. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

LUTHER, Wilhelm. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: AEG. Engineer. Address: Primo de Rivera 16, pral. izda., Bilbao. Born Kassel, 9 October, 1901. Passport issued Bilbao 23.6.1938. Member of NSDAP and DAF.

LUTZ, Otto Hermann. German agent classified B. Listed as B212. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Interned at Caldas de Malavella, November 1 944. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1 946. B- 272 on Agents' List. Owned restaurant Lutz in Barcelona and land in Castelldefels, Barcelona, value 100.000 pts. Former german sailor. Reported to have been German I.S. agent in Belgium under cover of employment as restaurant owner. Shortly after the outbreak of the war, was expelled from Belgium and went to Barcelona as agent Ast Stuttgart, under cover of ownership of restaurant Otto Lutz, which was a contact address of the Abwehr. Brought to repatriation center under police escort. DOB. Duermenz, 21 June 1903. Address: Calle Mallorca 196, Barcelona.

LUTZEL / LUETZEL, Hermann. Economic inspector. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

MAAS, Wilhelm. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Calle Andres Bello 6, Madrid. Born November 22, 1901 in Hamburg. Employee of Sofindus mining company. Reported to have been expelled from Peru for Nazi activities.

MAASSEN / MASSEN Johannes Otto. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 26/12/1908 in Lubeck. Address in Germany, 1946: Verlagsanstalt, Hamburg Altona (British zone).

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MACKOWIAK, Martin. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

MACLEAN SCHELLBACK, Liselotte. German agent classified B. Listed as B214. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Secretary at German consulate, Barcelona. Address: calle del Rosario 6, Barcelona.

MAEDING, Fritz. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Representative, Gran Via 3-52; dcha. Born at Leipzig on 26 January 1902. Passport No. not given. Member of NS-Reichskriegerbund Kyffhauser.

MAHR, Adolf. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

MAHR, Franz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

MAIER, Alex. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

MAIER, Erich. German agent classified C. Listed as C215. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Travels between Germany and Spain allegedly on behalf of Maierform of Bremen, of which he is director.

MAIER, Hans. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Representative. Lie. Poza 1, 2o Izq., Bilbao. Born at Essen/Ruhr on 23 February 1906. Passport No. 14003/38 issued in 1938 at Frankfurt a.M. Member of DAF and NSV.

MAIER Josef. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 28/4/1917 in Baden Baden. Address in Germany, 1946: Friedrichsplatz 2, Mannheim (US zone).

MAIER, Richard Friedrich. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Engineer. Zumaya.

MAIER, Wilhelm. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Dentist in Ceuta. Reported to have worked closely with German Consular Agent Otto ULRICH. MAIER was German agent. B-275 on Agents' List and III Priority List. Brought to repatriation center under police escort. DOB. Hagenen, 11 June, 1905.

MAINZ, Oskar. PoW in Germany 1946. Mining Companies.

MAINZER DOLLE, Erich. SD and NSDAP leader in Zaragoza. Married a Spaniard, Maria de los Angeles RUIZ MARTINEZ.

MAKOWSKI, Guenther. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Technician. Madrid.

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MALING / MALLING, Friedrich. Repatriated from Bilbao. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Kuestring, 10 November, 1901.

MALLET, Wilhelm / Guillermo F. German agent classified A. Listed as A216. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Representative in Spain of Messerschmitt, Dornier, Fokke-Wulf, Askania, ROHM & HAAS, Argus, M.W.N. , Duerener Metallwerke and Oerlikon (Switzerland). Founder of the firm Panama S.A. Interrogated by Allied Control Commision about German armaments trade with Spain during war. Address: Alarcon 7, Madrid.

MALLINKRODT, Hans. Capt. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Merchant Marine Service.

MALLINKROFT, Guillermo / Wilhelm. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Born 1892, Anvers, Belgium, naturalized Argentine. Came to Barcelona in 1937.

MALY, Ladislav. German agent classified B. Listed as B217. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Spanish Morocco. Untraceble neither by US or Spaniards.

MALZAHN, Otto. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

MANDEL, Hermann. Member NSDAP working for Banco Aleman Trasatlantico.

MANGER, Heinz. SS-Oberfuhrer. SS Polizei Prasident. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

MANNESMAN, Colonel. Fom OSS Secret IntelligenceSpecial Funds Record 9409: Agent classified l-B in Spanish Morocco, Melilla. Thought to be in charge of intelligence for Eastern Morocco.

MANNSBERGER, Josef. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

MARBACH, Johann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

MARCHART, Max. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

MARCO, Herbert. German agent classified A. Listed as A218. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Business man. Address: calle Madrazo 49, Barcelona.

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MARINESSE, Willi. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Aviation mechanic employed at San Pablo airfield, Sevilla. Born April 12, 1905.

MARQUADT, Max. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

MARSCH, Fritz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

MARTENS, Ernest. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

MARTIN, (fnu). From Records of the American Commission for the Protection and Salvage of Artistic and Historical Monuments in War Areas (The Roberts Commission), 1943-1946 ,Card File on Art-Looting Suspects, Blank: "German. Member of Gestapo; SD agent. In hiding in Spain. Refuses to return to Germany. Arrived in April with several million Pesetas and intends to remain in Spain until the end of the war. Like SHEPS, cited as example of Gestapo members transferring fortunes to Spain that they made in German-occupied countries recently." (...) SCHMIDT (qv) should be able to furnish information on works of art stolen by subject and SHEPS (qv) in Spain." Inspector of Reich

MARTIN, Frederic Hubert, alias MERODE, Rudy von, alias MERODO, Rudolf Von, alias MARTIN, Rudolf alias UTOF, Rudy, alias MALTNER, alias de MONTAGU. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent of Otto BRANDEL. Classified A. Listed as A226. San Sebastian and Madrid. Probably with French and German papers. May claim French nationality.

From Synthesis of the Organization of the German Special Services and their Activities in France, 1940-1944 (compiled by French CI section and BCRA): "Born 28 December I905, Silly-sur-Neid (Moselle). French nationality. Engineer in ministry of Public Works. About 1.70 m; light chestnut hair, slightly wary; grey-blue eyes; fairly stout; slightly bald. Sentenced lo October 1936 by military Tribunal, Strasbourg, to ten years' imprisonment and 20 years' residence exclusion, for espionage. Freed by the Germans, appeared in Paris end 1940 working for their services. Cover function seems to have been within the OTTO organization. In reality, in 1943-4 appears as head of agent network tracking down Resistance elements and committing large-scale theft at their expense, in liaison with Section III of Alst or with Gestapo".

From Wikipedia, Rudy de Merode:" During the debacle of the Battle of France, hundreds of thousands of prisoners roamed the roads of France. On 14 June, at Bar-sur-Aube, a group of prisoners was evacuated from the central prison at Claivaux, including Rudy de Merode and other spies, who all took advantage of the anarchy to escape and request help from the Germans.

In July 1940, he returned to Paris and set himself up at German military intelligence's HQ in the Hotel Lutetia. Attached to a supply office at 18 rue Petrarque in Paris as a cover, he spied for the Abwehr alongside another SD agent, the Dutchman Gedeon van Houten (called the baron d'Humieres). At first, he gathered intelligence via a team of thiry, under his orders, who he trained himself. Most of them were fugitives from justice, and he used them to gather equipment and buildings. His team requisitioned several apartments and hotels particuliers

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under the cover of being French or (more often) German policemen. His speciality was bank convoys, of money gathered from different sources or in the form of gold, jewels, art objects or ingots. In 1941, he set himself up at 70 boulevard Maurice Barres in Neuilly-sur-Seine, but van Houten and de Merode separated after a disagreement in 1942. With the aid of the DSK (Devisen Schutz Kommando) he opened bank vaults, buying gold and silver objects from their owners at a debased price or, if they refused to cooperate, having them deported. If the property belonged to Jews, it was entirely confiscated and the Gestapo had the owner imprisoned and often deported. The "gestapo de Neuilly" team confiscated over 4 tonnes of gold, and de Merode's network accumulated enormous sums of silver and had over 500 people arrested and deported.

Escape to Spain At the start of 1944, the Abwehr charged him with secretly setting up an office in Spain. At first setting himself up in Saint-Jean-de-Luz, in mid 1945 he was initially to be found in San Sebastian before reaching Madrid, where he dubbed himself "the prince de Merode". In 1953, he was still living in Spain, now 60km north of Madrid in a brick- manufacturer. He was never brought to justice, and the date of his death remains unknown to this day.

According to Faligot and Crop he betrayed his Gestapo friend Szkolnikoff, who would be executed allegedly by four DGER men in January 1945. See SZKOLNIKOFf card file.

MARTIN, Hans. Born: 1904 1.78m balding dark blond hair robust appearance. German agent classified A. Listed as A219. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Living in Figueras. Cork expert. From Hans SOMMER's interrogation (see SOMMER, Hans):" SOMMER had arranged another meeting with ESCAT for the coming week, but in the meantime he received a letter from an Abwehr agent, Hans MARTIN, alias Juan MARTIN. He was active in Figueras as a German agent until March 1945, at which time he became the German Red Cross representative. At the end of 1945 he was warned by Spanish friends to go into hiding, because Allies wanted to extradite him. He hid in Barcelona and presumably remained there, since SOMMER was asked to reply to his letter through Antonio RUIZ, Plaza Recomir6, Barcelona or through a certain KUHN, Letra B, calle Molins Rey Barcelona. In this letter MARTIN informed SOMMER that friends had arrived at his hiding place and that they were all making preparation for a trip to their friend PERON, to start in two months."

MARTIN, Hans Leo. Commander. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

MARTIN, Hanstein. Agent in Spanish Morocco. Il-Unclassified in OSS records. Tetuan. Engineer. Born Bielefeld, May 6, 1902.

MARTIN, Hermann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

MARTIN, Josef. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. W/T operator. Born December 13, 1907.

MARTI N -ARTAJO ALVAREZ, Alberto. (Madrid, 1905-1979). Spanish Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1945 to 1957.

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MARTINEZ ORTEGA, Jose, Conde de ARGILLO. From Oss records, Washington Office, Special Funds Division Finance, Intelligence: Documents 3401 -3450:Cava da San Miguel 6, Madrid. Vice President of Sierra de Gredos, Cia. Minera, and of Aralar, S.A, Subject is an important Spanish financier and it is probable that his name will be used as the owner of a considerable portion of Sofindus mineral properties. See Oss records, Washington Office, Special Funds Division Finance, Intelligence: Documents 3551-3600 about is role as dummy shareholder in Sofindus and its dubious transactions with Somar and Fluoruros.

MARTINI, Willi Albert. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 5/7/1917 in Konigsberg. Address in Germany, 1946: In US zone.

MARX, Maximilian. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

MASS, Albrecht Friedrich. German agent classified B. Listed as B213. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Employed at W/T station Ifni.

MASSA, Karl. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: La Cadena 43, Asua, Bilbao. Born Stuttgart-Zuffenhausen (Wurttenberg), 10.5.1888. Passport No. 1/36 issued Bilbao 8.1.36.

MATTHAEUS / MATTHAUS, Georg. Counsellor. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1 941 ).

MATTHAUSS, Hans. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Barcelona. Formerly acting chief of Sofindus at Hendaye. Reported as active Gestapo agent in Spain and Portugal and investigating possibilities of investment of German capital in Spain. Subject assisted persons who escaped from France since Allied invasion.

MATTHIES, Alexander. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Laminadora y Trefiladora S.A. Lie. Poza 61 pral izq., Bilbao. Born Osterode (Harz), 9 March 1895. Passport No. 59/39 issued Bilbao 21.4.39. Member of DAF.

MATTHIES, Heinrich Aug. Erich. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Technician employed at San Pablo airfield, Sevilla. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 29/7/1910 in Hamburg. Address in Germany, 1946: Kaiser Friedrich Ufer 12, Hamburg (British zone). Address in Spain: Hotel Marquez, Sevilla.

MATTI, Rudolf. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

MATZ, Werner. Dr. Head of the German Institute in Rennes, 1942-44. Formerly head of the German Institute in Barcelona. In ALIU List Of Red Flag Names

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MAUER, Heinrich. German agent classified B. Listed as B220. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Employed by Lufthansa. Address: calle Wagner 4, Las Palmas.

MAUR, Heinrich / Enrique. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Sayn, 25 January, 1893. A-750.

MAURER, Georg. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Exposicion 8, Sevilla. Born February 18, 1889 at Schmiechen. Director of Sevilla branch of Banco Aleman Trasatlantico. Member of NSDAP and informant for party on economic intelligence matters.

MAURER, Karl. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1 941 ).

MAURER, Henri. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Officer. Madrid

MAUS, alias RATON. Kpt. I-M, KO Spanien, Algeciras (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's

report on l-M Spain). Returned to Germany in 1943.

MAUS BAAS, Lothar. Diamond smuggler. In Diamant Kontor Gmbh file. Daughters Carlota and Cristina (married with Luis Mills and Horst Braun). Had property in Colmenar Viejo, Madrid. He died in Madrid January 14, 1988. (Obituary in ABC, 17 January 1988).

MAUS, Paul. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

MAUS, Wilhelm. Dr. Commander Physician. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

MAWICK / MAWICK-SHIEFF, Franz / Francisco. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Listed B221. Owner of a shop, La Tannerie. Born July 12, 1881 in Kleve, Germany. Was in Spanish Morocco, Tetuan. Delegate of German Commercial Services in Spanish Morocco. Formerly in Barcelona. Partner with LUPO of Mawick, Lupo, C.L in Tetuan. B/282 on repatriation lists.

MAY, Gerhard. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Nazi leader in Yugoslavia.

MAYER (alias) With SCHULZE in SD Tangier, 1943-1945. 1 .75m, slender, blond hair blue eyes. Deported from South America (perhaps Colombia). Speaks Spanish.

MAYER, Felix. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Counsellor. NSDAP jurist.

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MAYER, Georg. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

MAYER, Johanna. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: 1.G. Farbenindustrie A.G. Secretary. Unicolor. Address: Aguirre 9, Bilbao. Born Landau/ Pfalz, 12 December, 1918. Passport No 83/43 issued Ludwigshafen 7.8.1943. Member of DAF.

MAYER, Wilhelm. Ex-Ceuta. German agent classified B. Listed as B222. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Interned at Caldas de Malavella in February 1945. Dentist.

MAYR, Anselm. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Hotel Capitol, Madrid. Born February 18, 1895 in Kempten, Bavaria. Wife and two children in Germany in 1946. Associated with Dormer Werke of Friedrichshaven. Went to Spain in 1944 to arrange sale of planes to Casa de Cadiz. Recommended for priority repatriation because of connection with armaments trade. Interrogated by Allied Control Commision about German armaments trade with Spain during war. Engineer. Employed as technician at the San Pablo airfield, Sevilla.

MAYWALD, Martin. Major. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Businessmanager of dressmaking firm Salon de Modas. Born September 30, 1908 in Lepzig. Address: Hermosilla 12 and Serrano 95, Madrid.

MAZITSCHEK, Franz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

MEFFERT, Walter. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

MEHL, Leonard / Lonhard KRENKLER / KREUKLER. Agent classified lll-A also IV-B in OSS records. Director of German School, Andalucia. Address: Brasil 13, Andalucia (sic).

MEHLAN, Hans. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Berlin, 3 December, 1913.

MEHLHORN, Albin. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

MEHLIN, Fritz. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 28/2/1918 in Weil am Rhein.

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MEHNE, Alfred. In Reichs Labour Ministry, Madrid. After the war he was living with EBERSPAECHER and LAUSMANN in General Goded 1 1, Madrid.

MEHWALD, Friedrich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

MEIER, Bernhard. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Oberhausen, 11 August, 1904.

MEIER, Hermann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

MEIER, Robert. Military treasurer. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

MEILI. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Commandant of Aviation. La Coruna.

MEINEKE, Heinz. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801- 2850:Minerales de Espana: Shipper. Barroeta Aldamar 3-2, Bilbao. Born Singapore (Straits Settlements), 27 Jan. 1914. Passport issued Bremen. Member of DAF and formerly Marine SA (1933-34).

MEINEL, Alfred. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

MEINERT, Wilhelm. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

MEINKE, Hans Hermann Rudolf. Repatriated from Spain by air (dates from January 29 to February 25, 1946). Po. No. 0769. Interrogated between February and May 1946. British Reports. Went in 1926 to Spain for Robert M. SLOMANN Jnr. of Hamburg. From April 1937 to March 1939 worked for Hisma, then weent to Morocco for Sofindus as procurl in the Bergwerk Companhia Minera Mauretania S. A. August 1942 went to Irun with Transposes Marianne. Went to Portbou, Tetuan and Valencia also for Sofindus.

MEINKEL, Hans. German agent classified B. Listed as B223. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Interned at Caldas de Malavella in March 1945.

MEISEL / MEISL, Johann. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Munchen, 26 November (or January 26 in OSS records), 1916. A-866. Technician at San Pablo airfield, Sevilla. Address> Los Espartales, Sevilla.

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MEISEL, Richard. Member NSDAP working for Banco Aleman Trasatlantico.

MEISSNER, Kurt. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Sofindus (1943). Hormaeche 5, Neguri (Bilbao). Born Essen, 6 Jan., 1905. Passport No. S220/38 issued Sevilla 15.12.38. Member of DAF.

MEISSNER, Paul. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Technician representative of Hungarian Wool Trust. Representative of Staudt & Co. Madrid.

MEISSNER, Rudolf. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

MEIXNER, Georg Friedrich. German agent classified B. Listed as B224. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Expelled from Tangier to Spain March 1944. l-M, KO Spanien, Tangier (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain).

MEIXNER, Johannes. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

MELCHERT, Walter. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugoy las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Reichbank counsellor.

MEMMEL, Karl Helmut. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Assistant to German Naval Attache, German Embassy, Madrid. Born about 1920 in Saal, Germany.

MENGEL, Richard. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Munchen, 14 May, 1928.

MENGEL, Willy. German agent classified C. Listed as B225. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent for Deutsche Gold und Silber Scheideanstalt, Frankfurt a/Main. Address: Plaza del Caudillo 7, Valencia.

MENSE. (fnu). l-M, KO Spanien, Ceuta (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain).

MENSE, Klemens. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. W/T technician. Commercial agent. Madrid.

MENZELL, Alfred. Lt. Comdr. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Assistant to German Naval Attache, German Embassy, Madrid. Address: Calle Cuesta 15, Madrid. Decorated by

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FRANCO with the Encomienda Sencilla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (Decreto29 julio, 1943).

MERCK, Karl Ernst von. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Gestapo agent. Address: Serrano 51 and Lista 72, Madrid.

MERKEN, Ernst. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Essener National Zeitung.

MERLIN, Fritz. DOB. 28/2/1918. Address in Germany, 1946: Degerfelden bei Rheinfelden, Baden (French zone).

MERODE, Rudolf von. See MARTIN, Frederic Hubert.

MERTES, Philipp. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

MERTENS. Fw. I-M, KO Spanien, Tangier (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain).

MERTZ, Walter Adolf Arthur. Repatriated from Spain by air (dates from January 29 to February 25, 1946). Po. No. 0094. Of Harms & Mertz, Hamburg, founded in Madrid in January 1946 a company Mermarex.

MESA, Hannibal de. From Hans SOMMER's CI interrogation: Cuban. G/S Agent in Spain Present Address: Unknown. Born: 1886 1.68m oval face, gray hair. Career: Feared internment because of Cuba's entry into the war and offered his services through REUTER to Amt VI of the RSHA; sent to Spain where he proved a failure.

MESSEL, Israel Van (misspelled MOSCEL / MESCEL in some documents) alias METSCH, Israel Van. Address: 155, Calle Muntaner, Barcelona (street wrongly located in France in some documents); Hotel Ritz, Barcelona. Subject collaborated with Erich SCHIFFMANN. Subject along with ARNUS DE FERRER FELIN, LOTTIER AND SCHIFFMANN operated L'lnter-Commercial Francais, whose business was to buy cars in France for resale to Germans. Partner in smuggling activities related to Muebles Manonellas. Suspect enemy agent.

MESSER, Eberhard. Lt. Comdr. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Attached to German German Embassy, Madrid.

MESSERSCHMIDT, Prof. Agent classified lll-A in OSS records. Professor. Sevilla.

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MESSERSCHMIDT, Eberhard. Abwehr. Former parter of Hans F. STURM and Assistant Naval Attache, German Embassy, Madrid, from 1 September 1939 to 8 May 1945. Interrogated by Allied Control Commision about German armaments trade with Spain during war. Assistant of Kurt MEYER-DOEHNER. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Address: Serrano 59, Madrid.

MESSNER, Christian Otto / Christian Michel. German agent in Bilbao. B-287 on Agents' List and I Priority List and III Priority List. DOB. Nurember, 6 June, 1885. Passport lo. 3/38 issued Bilbao 29.8.38. Address: Calle Aguirre 16 - 4° In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified A and l-B in OSS records. Listed A227. Repatriated from Spain on the Highland Monarch. Brought to repatriation center under police escort.

Manager in Bilbao with Depositos de Carbones de Tenerife. As far as he knew only 25% of the capital is in German hands, and that is owned by Deutsches Kohlendepot Hamburg. MESSNER had an account with the Rotterdamsche Bank Vereeniging.Arrested May 10, 1946. In No 6 CIC Neuengamme. Internee No. 609521

Report of Interrogation by External Assets Branch, Finance Division, OMGUS. 29 May 1946: "MESSNER was born 6 June 1885 at Nuremburg. He stated that although retaining German citizenship, he has resided outside of Germany for 40 years. He left Germany in 1907, spent five years in France, and lived in Spain for the last 35 years. In reply to the question as to why he had been repatriated, MESSNER stated that he had become a Free Mason in 1926; in 1943 a Spanish law was promulgated which would sentence all Free Masons to a prison term of 12 years. MESSNER claims that he was put on probation and the sentence commuted to expulsion from Spain. He added that he had been required to report his whereabouts to the police every two weeks. The subject was arrested perfunctorily in 1945 by the Spanish police, taken from his sickbed in Bilbao on a few hours notice to Madrid and held for repatriation.

According to the interrogatee, at the time of his arrest in I945 his salary was stopped and, with the exception of some furniture owned by his wife, he has no property in Spain. MESSNER's declaration on MGAX (1) form included Pesetas 3.000 and Portuguese escudos 1,020 in currency surrendered to the officials at the Neuengamme internment camp, and a cash balance of Netherlands Guilders 650 on deposit in the Rotterdamsche Bankveereningung. He also declared the ownership of a mortgage, (Hypotheken Pfandbriel), valued at Hfls. 1,000, said to have been bought through and held by the same bank. .

In 1925 MESSNER bought equipment for Deposito de Carbones de Tenerife, Madrid, valued at approximately Pesetas 60,000. He said that the equipment consisted principally.of a truck, a tugboat and lighters, which equipment constituted the coal import and shipping agency Deposito de Carbones de Tenerife, Bilbao, of which MESSNER became manager, He stated that the main office of the company is in Madrid, and was of the opinion that the capital of the Spanish company is Pesetas 1 ,000,000. To the best of RESSNER'S knowledge, Christoph JANSEN is general manager; the Board of Directors consisted of Don Luis DIAZ PINEDO, chairman, and Srs. LAVINA, BALACIOS and Emiliano BARDO. MESSNER denied the allegation that the company is 100% German owned (alleged to have been owned as to 50% by the Deutsches Kohlen Depot f Hamburg f and as to 50% by John T. Essberger and Company, Hamburg). He was of the belief that the Madrid company was owned as to 75% by Spanish interest, and as to 25% by German. He admitted to the probability that the Deutsches Kohlen Depot had an interest in the Madrid company. The only names MESSNER mentioned in connection with the German ownership were an individual named GODAFFROY, connected with the Deutsches Kohlen Depot In Spain and

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one ESSBERGER, owner of a fishing and shipping interest in Spain and considered an ardent Nazi Party member.

The subject denied any agent activity in Spain, explaining the allegation as having a possible reference to his activities as an insurance agent in Bilbao for determining shipping losses. Address: Calle Sendeja and Calle Aguirre 16, Bilbao.

METZGER, Hans. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Kriminalsekretar. Nazi diplomat. Former German press attache at Helsinki.

METZGER, Ulrich. German agent classified B. (OSS records)

METZIG, Reinhold. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo ylas Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). OKW agent.

MEWIUS, Friedrich. Member NSDAP working for Banco Aleman Trasatlantico.

MEYER, Anton. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

MEYER, Erich. Shipbuilding. He had a brother in America and he hided capital in San Sebastian through WEBER, born Austrian and naturalized Spanish.

MEYER, Friedrich Julius / Fritz. German formerly employed as technician by the Spanish Government. Listed for departure on SS Marine Marlin, scheduled to leave the Port of Bilbao about Agust 31, 1946. A-933 and IV Priority List. Born 13 June, 1894 at Hamm (Westph). Station at La Coruna

MEYER, Gerda. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. Local group leader for the NSDAP, Vigo.

MEYER, Hans Bruno / Juan Bruno. German agent classified B. Listed as B230. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Conde de Salvatierra 21, Valencia. Valencia manager of Baquera, Kusche y Martin. Member of NSDAP and DAF. Agent working l-M, KO Spanien, Valencia, (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain). Recommended for priority repatriation. Born August 11, 1883 at Hamburg. Wife Hildegard ECKLEBE, born March 3, 1893 at Brechtorf.

MEYER, Jann / Hans. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. 28 March, 1907.

MEYER, Johann Adolf, German agent classified A. Listed as A229. Interned at Caldas de Malavella Novem.ber 1944. Agent for sanitary articles.

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MEYER, Kurt Johann Adolf, alias MOVA. I-M, KO Spanien, Spanish Morocco, Ceuta. (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain). In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 28/9/1883 in Hamburg. Address in Germany, 1946: Apotheke Bahnhofstr bei MEYER, Hamburg-Blankenese (British zone)..

MEYER, Richard. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

MEYER, Werner. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Engineer. Born about 1900.

MEYER, Wilhelm Hermann Johann. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Representative. Calle Nueva 4, Bilbao, born at Huellsen/Aller on 9 October 1909. Passport No. 1949/37 issued at San Sebastian on 21.5.37. Member of DAF.

MEYER ALTEN, Conrad Friedrich alias Conrad F. MEYER alias Conrado MEYER alias Conrado F. MEYER. Intelligence agent. Agent classified A l-B and IV-B in OSS records. Listed A228. Born on 26 February 1896 in Lehe, Bremerhaven. Adresses: Carrero 11, Vigo and Jose Antonio 158, Villa Carolina, Vigo.

Subject worked for the Abwehr in 1939 and handled the information services, observation of foreign vessels and the acquiring of V-men.

After 1942 he hadl the job of obtaininginformation about foreign agents. Subject held the rank of Hauptgemeinschaftsleiterand Ortsgruppenleiter. Subject released to. Hannover- Buchholz, Jutelstr.7. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Repatriated by air from Spain between 29 January to 25 february 1946. Po. No. 0759. Interrogated between February and May 1946. British Reports. Declaration and oarth in Hohen-Asperg, 21 January 1947

Member of syndicate, which owned the trawlers Manuel Gestoso I Jestoso Chicha and Purificacion Costas Maravilla, and with Otto GERDTZEN, consul KINDLING, Wilhelm BACHMANN, and Constante FREIRE. Also owned Villa Carolina in Vigo on the Orense Road.

MEYER-DOEHNER (misspelled MEYER-OEHMER in some documents), Kurt Captain,. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Repatriated by air 23 August 1946. Agent classified A and l-B in OSS records. Listed A-357 and A231, I Priority. Naval Attache to the German Embassy in Madrid since at Least 1941. One of the 19 most important cases to be repatriated from Spain.

Information furnished by the office of Attache D.P. Medalie: From a reliable source, August, 1945: Subject was Abwehr I.M Naval Attache, living at Calle del Pinar, 18, Madrid. Born in 1899. He was a NSDAP member. His assistants were MESSERSCHMIDT, MENZELL and Hans LORECK. He supervised the Pueblo del Rio group of Gestapo agents in Sevilla with headquarters on the estate of Emilio PLATE ( which had a radio transmitter) and was the head of the Porvenir group. Married to Geoering's niece, Margo. Greatly respected in Spanish naval circles.

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Before 1941 he was stationed in Lisbon, where he was reported in June 1942 to control all German merchant vessels in Spanish ports as well as a sabotage organization engaged in placing bombs in Allied ships. Reported in August 1943 to have suggested the setting-up of a W/T station in Brazil to transmit messages to him at Calle Juan Bravo, 4. Reported in March 1944 to have recruited an agent to submit C.E. reports concerning the Allied Intelligence Services in Portugal. Reported in June 1945 to be seeking employment in Spain in connection with a patent sold by his brother to the Spanish Government. Retired as a commander before the war and prometed to Captain in May 1940.

Decorated with the Gran Orden Imperial de las Flechas Rojas given to foreigners in recognition of services rendered to the FRANCO regime (BOE February 26, 1946). Memo fron the Hague, April 25 1946, stated subject and family are among the group of Germans reported to be planning to leave Spain illegally by ship destined to South America. He also collaborated with KRAMER and BERNHARDT in cloaking assets, according to LINDENBERG.

Height 5'10" (178 cm.). Weight around 182 lbs. heavy built, cleanshaven. Address: Calle de Pinar 18, Madrid

MEYER-GRIMM, Bernhard. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Lubeck, 31 January, 1921.

MEYER-KUSTER, Albert. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Calle Gurtubay 3, Madrid. Born August 26, 1883 at Heilbronn. Ex-captain of Luftwaffe. Worked for I.G. Farben and Krupp. Manager of Minas Reunidas. NSDAP member and active in propaganda work.

MEYERN-HOHENBERG, Hans von. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1 941 ).

MEYHOEFFER/ MEYHOEFER, Franz. German formerly employed as technician by the Spanish Government. Listed for departure on SS Marine Marlin, scheduled to leave the Port of Bilbao about Agust 31, 1946. Marine Marlin deportees categories A, B September 1946. A- 1003, A-993 and IV Priority List. DOB. Sommevalde, 27 October, 1904. First priority to be interrogated.

MEYNEN SUNCKENBEIN, Walter Dr. Died in Madrid May 17, 1967 80 years old. Buried in La Almudena Cemetery. Married to Isabel PULS DA MOTTA MARQUES. (ABC, May 16, 1968).

(WWI) " Paralelamente a esta labor diplomatica, que no dio resultados muy satisfactorios, los alemanes organizaron un importante servicio de informacion, dirigido directamente por el pnncipe de Ratibor (Max von RATIBOR-CORBEY), embajador en Madrid, el baron Von STOHRER, secretario de embajada, y el mayor Von KALLE, agregado militar. En estrecho contacto con la embajada alemana se creo la Sociedad hispano-alemana de Estudios Economicos, situada en la calle Campoamor n° 40 de Madrid, que servia para encubrir la red de espionaje y organizar una importante agencia de propaganda. Dicha sociedad, dirigida por Walter MEYNEN, director de la Sociedad de Seguros La Victoria de Berlin,

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Carlos KNAPP, industrial aleman, y por Gustavo MOTSCHMAN, verdadero cerebro de la red de espionaje, canalizaba y administraba cuantiosos fondos donados por empresas alemanas como la Krupp, AEG, Siemens & Schuckert, el Deutsche Bank etc., y que fueron destinados fundamentalmente a la compra de diarios, como La Nacion o El Correo Espahol," Jose Maria Mann Arce, "El espionaje aleman en Espana durante la Primera Guerra Mundial" El Ateneo, IV-V, Madrid, 1994, p. 51.

MEZZA SILVA FOERSTER, Kurt von. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain

MICHAEL, Erich. Agent in Spanish Morocco. I-Unclassified in OSS records. Melilla. Member of Afrika Corps.

MICHAELIS, Rudolf. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 31/2/1907 or 31/3/1907 in Lepzig. Address in Germany, 1946: Bonnerstr. 9, Berlin- Wilmersdorf (US zone).

MICHEL, Helmut R.. Deportee Madrid-Germany by Army air November 22 1946. Ill Priority. Information from D.P.Medalie's office: Born Tetschen on Elbe March 14, 1907. Married Else BALLIN of Hamburg. Member of NSDAP and Gestapo agent. Captain of the Abwehr. Worked in Czechoslovakia, Brazil, East Africa, West Africa. In Spain since 1943, with the Sociedad Exportadora de Pieles, S.A., Madrid, subsidiary of Reichstelle fur Lederwirtschaft, Berlin and part of Sofindus. Sofindus cover work dealt with exporting and importing of hides. Director of the commpany was E. KRUSE, attorney Hans WEISS and all were supervised by BERHARDT.

Together with Bernhardt SCHULTZ, was suspected of retaining equipment from the Cultural Institute. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. He claimed to be a scientist before USA authorities.

MIEDL / MIEDEL, Aloys / Alois. Banker and Art looter, GOERING's dealer and German agent classified B. Listed as B232. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. On Allied expulsion list still in 1947. Last reported in Madrid 26 November, 1944. Son of Alois MIEDL and Maria STREICHER. Wife Fodora / Thedora / Dorie FLEISCHER. Two children: Ruth Maria Theresia, born 1925 and Johannes Alois Nikolaus.born 1933

From Records of the American Commission for the Protection and Salvage of Artistic and Historic Monuments in War Areas, 1943-1946. Subject File: Menten. (Attachement 2, dated 13 February 1945: Report on looted Works of Art in Spa/n-MIEDL Case):

"German, born 1902 Rosenheim, Bavaria, or 3.3.03, Munich. Lived in Holland before 1939. During the early part of the war, served as German administrative official in Amsterdam. (Address: Tesselschadestradt). Represented the German banker HOFFMANN and was connected with following firms:

1 . In Germany: Shantung Handels. A.G., Berlin. (Railways) Kaoko Land und Minen, Ges., Berlin. Moritz Ribbert, A.G., Munich.

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2. In Holland: Veland Import, Export, M.V., Amsterdam Buitenland. Bankerversenizing, N.V., Amsterdam, Mijnbour Mij Hedjang Lebong, Amsterdam, Bookieskarrtoor Lisser Hosenkranz, N.V., Amsterdam.

Acted as agent for GOERING, "commissioner" with a credit of 1 million gulden for the purchase of valuable paintings in Holland. In 1941 he bought the Goudstikker collection. Later, he is reported to have travelled extensively throughout occupied Europe in connection with this business. He is said to have been in contact with Professor Max FRIEDLANDER, and to have bought his "expertises."

MIEDL is first known to have been in Madrid in May, 1944, when he went there with his family to establish "a financial basis'" for GOERING 's interests in the peninsula through 'the purchase of various types of assets. Basic capital at his disposal for these operations was to be 10 million marks.

He crossed the frontier with two American cars, one of which was stolen by DUVAL. In Spain he travelled between San Sebastian and Madrid, staying at the Continental Hotel. Pension Ursula, and Hotel Londres in San Sebastian, and at the Ritz and Gaylords in Madrid."

" I Statement of Case

In May, 1944, Alois MIEDL was reported to have come to Spain with a certain number of pictures by Old Masters which he intended to sell. These pictures are believed to have been looted from the Goudstikker collection in Nienrode Castle, Holland. MIEDL, judging from reports, appears to have kept some of the pictures with him, and to have sent a group of 22 to the Free Port of Bilbao. He is in contact with a well-known group of smugglers and with members of the German Embassy, either of whom may have helped him to pass his pictures over the frontier.

This case naturally depends on the answer to one question: Were the Goudstikker paintings looted? Unfortunately, this cannot be properly ascertained from the information available in Madrid; and so, considering the potential importance of the case if the answer should prove to be in the affirmative, it has been considered advisable to proceed with the investigation which is described in the following pages.

II Sources

The first source for this report is the interrogation on 7.10.44 in Bayonne of Georg KONINCKX, a Belgian who was arrested in France on 21.8.44. He had known MIEDL since May, 1944, and at one time acted as intermediary in an effort to contact the Director of the Prado to negotiate either a sale or a temporary exposition of the pictures. However, other reliable sources consider KONINCKX most suspect. He was formerly associated with a well- known ring of smugglers and black market operators, and he has since been released by the French border authorities under rather shady circumstances. His information, therefore, cannot be evaluated very highly.

The other sources are various agents working for the British and American services whose statements will be evaluated as far as possible as they are quoted below. The Dutch Legation has also supplied some information; this is impossible to evaluate accurately.

Ill Chronological Development

1944 May (Eval: D (KONINCKX)): MIEDL meets KONINCKX in the Bar Basque, San Sebastian, describes the pictures, and asks KONINCKX to put him in contact with someone who knows the Director of the Prado,

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MIEDL goes from San Sebastian to Madrid.

Through KONINCKX's intervention, MIEDL has a conversation with a friend of the Prado Director, one Jose UYARTE. On being asked whether he could prove that the pictures were not confiscated Jewish property, MIEDL answered that he had documents showing the origin of the pictures, UYARTE later told KONINCKX that he was not interested, apparently because MIEDL revealed to him that he had a German passport.

June (Eval: D (KONINCKX)): MIEDL returns to San Sebastian and tells KONINCKX that he has succeeded in passing the pictures over the frontier into Spain, through the firm Baquera, Kusche y Martin, which has deposited them in the Free Port of Bilbao. MIEDL moves from Hotel Continental to Pension Ursula, in San Sebastian

July 24 (Eval: D (KONINCKX)): Three cases containing 22 paintings officially enter the Free Port of Bilbao. They are consigned in transit by the firm Baquera, Kusche y Martin in the name of Alois MIEDL. Ramon TALASAC is the local agent.

Aug 21 (Eval: D (KONINCKX)): MIEDL seen at the Franco-Spanish frontier post at Irun in

the company of DUVAL and GRAEBNER. They brought two American cars (Mercury 1940)

with Dutch number plates, into Spain. DUVAL drove one of these.

MIEDL returned to France, reportedly to fetch a missing case of paintings.

(Eval: C): MIEDL is released, reportedly through the intervention of Lt Col ORTEGA,

Spanish frontier commandante, and returns to San Sebastian. (British: 10.44)

Sept (Eval: D): MIEDL is in San Sebastian. The Prado Museum is reported interested in one of the pictures.

Oct 26 (Eval: D): MIEDL is in Madrid. Has two GOYA pictures "stolen by Reds during Spanish Civil War." (Britisht: 26.10.44)

(Eval: B): German pirate radio station Atlantik reports MIEDL as having entered Spain with valuable pictures stolen from Dutch dealer in Amsterdam.

November (Eval: B): MIEDL still in Madrid. He issues a catalogue of the paintings. General KRAMER, the German Air Attache, warns him to withdraw this because a copy is said to have reached the British Embassy, (it has been impossible to confirm this). (Eval: D): There are some indications that KRAMER may have taken over the problem of disposing of the pictures. (British: 13.11.44)

Spanish police reported to have issued an order for MIEDL's arrest. (British: 29.11.44)

November 23 (Eval: C): MIEDL returns to San Sebastian, stays in Hotel Londres. (British: 12.12.44)

November 26 (Eval: C): MIEDL in Madrid. (British: 29.1 1 .44)

December (Eval: A):The Dutch Legation in Madrid initiates diplomatic action concerning the pictures in Bilbao. The Spanish Foreign Office answers the Legation favorably, stating that the matter is under investigation and Spanish government undertakes to forbid the entry of the pictures into Spain. (British:1 4.12.44)

(Eval: A):The Dutch subsequently indicate that they do not desire American or British support in the matter and that they do not wish to insist with the Spanish Foreign Office because they

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fear that MIEDL may have some pseudo-legal documents proving his title to the pictures. (British)

December 19 (Eval: A): KONINCKX is released from prison in Bayonne through intervention of the Belgian Ambassador in Paris (a friend of OTELET) and of Antonio LOPEZ, Commissaire special at Hendaye. He returns to San Sebastian. (British: 3.1.45)

December 24 (Eval: B): LOPEZ and two companions arrested for the attempted kidnapping of Heinrich BAUER in San Sebastian. OTELET reported connected with the plot.

January 1945 (Eval: B): MIEDL's catalogue of the pictures is withdrawn, he is reported to have quarrelled with GOERING over a question involving gold jewelry and to have broken contact with the German Embassy. He is said to have contact with a certain RAHN, owner of the Bar Erika, in Madrid, whom he is said to have originally met through GRAEBNER. (British: 8.1.45)

IV Description of the pictures

The pictures under investigation are divided into two groups:

1 . The first group is definitely located in the Free Port of Bilbao. There are 22 pictures packed in three wooden cases, marked Aduana Central Paris *. Enclosure A to this report is the Spanish Customs List describing these pictures and from it the following facts can be deduced: Eleven pictures are definitely labeled as coming from private collections, one from the M van Valkenburg collection, Larne, Holland; and ten from the Goudstikker collection, Amsterdam. All of these have the original collection numbers. Of the others, four have torn labels with numbers resembling those on the Goudstikker labels, and so they may also belong to the collection. One bears the name "de WILD", and another is labeled "Gemente Museum von Amsterdam." (Commercial Museum, Amsterdam.)

could examinate them: Aduana Central Paris is a Spanish term for Douane Centrale Paris or Douane Centrale Exportation Paris, which were the usual labels. It seems that French seals and labels were broken or disappeared: " Each one has a label of the Free Port stating that it has been deposited there by the customs agent, Ramon TALASAC, for the firm Baquera Kusche y Martin of Irun, in the name of Alois MIEDL on 24 July 1944. There was no sign of the markings of the Paris customs as had been previously reported.". Besides " Within the cases most of the pictures were wrapped in coarse brown paper of the type current In Spain"(Roiberfs Commission. Subject File: MENTEN Report No. 2 Identification and Description of the Pictures Deposited by Alois MIEDL in the Free Port of Bilbao. ). The labels show also the interference of some illiterate Spanish "paw": the non-existant Jose PORCELLIS instead of Jan PORCELLIS (Juan is the Spanish version for Jan) (Note by E. Meyer)
 * There are indications that Spanish authorities or German agents opened the cases before the Allied

The following artists' names are listed as appearing either on the labels or on the wrappings of the pictures:

Jose PORCELLIS

PERRONNEAU

Sir Thomas LAWRENCE

Van DYCK

Cornelis BUYE

F. BOLS

EL GRECO

PALMA VECCHIO

Thomas CRESWICK

DAVID

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A. de GELDER

COROT

MAINARDIE

Two of the pictures are definitely identifiable: the PORCELLIS (sea-scape) which is labeled as having been in the National Sea-scape Exposition at Luick in 1939, and the PERRONNEAU, Portrait of a Lady, which was number 93 of the Exposition Quentin de la Touretdes Pastellistes Frangais des Uieme et 18ieme siecle, Hotel Jean Charpentier, 1927.

2. The information concerning the second group is still very confused. The number of pictures in it are variously reported as nine (Radio Atlantik), sixty (KONINCKX's statement); one hundred and two hundred (British). There is no definite information as to their location. Some are reported in Madrid in the German Embassy (British); others in MIEDL, s apartment (Dutch); others as having been confiscated in France before the 21st of August (British, 5.10.44): and some in the possession of DUVAL, who is said to have stolen them from MIEDL (British). The following artists' names are mentioned in connection with this group: REMBRANDT RUBENS Van DYCK Jan STEEN TERBORCH

BROUWER (a landscape) VERMEER (a Magdalene (?)) CRANACH

GOYA (two pictures, "stolen by Reds during Civil War")

VAN GOGH

CEZANNE.

The pictures are reported to be the property of GOERING and valued from 100 to 500 thousand Pesetas, and in some cased, even more. The Prado is reported to be interested in the VERMEER "Magdalene" for two million Pesetas".

"1. Entry of Pictures into Spain

In the case of the Bilbao group, this is not a problem. We know that the pictures came into the country legally and are registered in transit in the Free Port. It would be interesting, however, to know who in the Irun Aduana and in the firm Baquera, Kusche y Martin would handle such a matter.

The second group offers two possibilities:

a. A diplomatic entry under the auspices of General KRAMER and the German Embassy. In this case their arrival into the country would be quite normal.

b. The smuggling of the pictures by DUVAL or by some member of the OTELET organization. DUVAL would probably have done this with the automobiles which he helped MIEDL to bring through the customs. The OTELET group was also well equipped to carry this out through their smuggling gang. Various aspects of the case seem to suggest the possibility of OTELET 's and KONINCKX's having carried it off in connection with some sort of German smuggling gang, headed, perhaps, by Heinrich BAUER. MIEDL's early contact with KONINCKX; the latter's failure in his statement to the French police to mention any pictures other than those which had gone to Bilbao; the curious Commissionnaire Special at Hendaye, Antonio LOPEZ, who asked for and was instrumental in obtaining KONINCKX's release and who later was arrested in the attempt to kidnap Heinrich BAUER under circumstances resembling more a gang vengeance than a political or secret intelligence

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operation. It may well be LOPEZ rather than Col. ORTEGA, who freed MIEDL on 22.8.44. The unconfirmed FFI report that 50,000 Pesetas were offered for GRAEBNER's release might suggest a tie-up with the Germans. Both OTELET and KONINCKX are well known to have worked with the Germans in black market operations. This whole situation might be cleared up by contacting KONINCKX or OTELET, both of whom may now be in difficult financial straits because of the Ximex's company's being on the black list and therefore anxious to alter their position as regards the Allies. A contact with the police who were questioning LOPEZ in San Sebastian might also bring out interesting new facts on this man's personality. A contact with DUVAL, who is known to be seeking some way of approaching the Allies, might also shed further light on the question,

2. Disposal

There is really no market in Spain for top-price works of art. However, as in Portugal and in most other countries today, medium-priced art objects are at a premium. Thus there is a real danger that pictures such as these brought into the country by MIEDL might easily be sold and become very difficult to trace.

As far as can be judged from the description at our disposal, the 22 pictures in Bilbao are certainly medium-priced art objects, and thus perfectly salable today. In their case a public sale or exhibition will probably not be possible because of the Spanish note to the Dutch Legation which has been referred to above. However, there are two other possibilities. They can be smuggled into Spain to be sold under cover, or they can be removed officially from the Free Port and either sent on to Portugal or smuggled to South America. Considering the extreme facility with which a picture can be disguised and hidden, a careful watch should be kept to prevent this. However, such a watch can never be completely sure and the only way in which we can be certain to insure ajainst the disappearance of the pictures is to identify them positively either by examination by an expert — or even better — by having them photographed with the least possible delay, such a positive identification will not only go a long way to facilitate the restitution of the pictures to their original owners, but should also serve as a valuable weapon in any discussion which we may have with the Spanish government on the question of harboring the looted property. The various methods of achieving this end will be discussed in the conclusion to this report.

The second group of paintings presents a much more difficult problem, since none of them has even been located so far. Only after this has been done through a careful study of the present activities of MIEDL, KONINCKX, DUVAL, etc., will it be possible to begin to look into the question of their disposal by the Germans. Whether they entered the country as diplomatic property or as smuggled goods makes little difference in the long run, since their sale will always be illegal unless they are first cleared through Spanish customs authorities, as a result of this, it is almost certain that they will be bought secretly and given away or smuggled out of the country. Since it is impossible to predict how soon any of this may happen, it is essential to investigate the matter with the least possible delay. The fact that the sale must almost surely be illegal might make it possible to enlist the help of the Spanish authorities in the case.

VII Conclusion And Recommendations For Action

There follow a number of recommendations derived from the study of the facts as presented above:

1 . The most important and immediate problem is the identification of the Bilbao group of paintings. Their location in a room adjoining the office of the Customs Director and the fact that they are enclosed in three cases make an official or secret examination practically impossible. It has therefore been decided to try to obtain official permission from the Spanish government to see the pictures. To do this, it was naturally necessary to act through the Dutch Legation. The Dutch minister, although, as we have seen, formerly reluctant to go into the matter any further, proved most agreeable and helpful on this occasion, showing the

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writer the official Dutch memorandum to the Spanish Foreign Office and the answer of the Spaniards, and then promising first, to take the matter up verbally with the Spanish Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and second, to present a note with the support of the U.S. Embassy, in case more forceful methods became necessary. He also agreed to have a representative of this project accompany him when and if he did go to see the pictures. He has promised to inform Mr Butterworth of the progress of events and the latter will transmit such information to a representative of this branch. Considering the importance of this case, it is considered advisable, if events allow, that the writer return to Madrid to see the pictures himselr. Should this not prove possible, it is hoped that his place can be taken by Lt. James Ford of the Naval Attache's office. Meantime, study of the Goudstikker catalogue, if one can be located in London or in the United States, should provide us with a much more definite idea of what lies ahead.

In case this official approach through the Dutch Legation should prove unsuccessful, another plan has been evolved which, considering the Spanish character and its fondness for settling matters on a personal basis, may well prove more successful. This consists in persuading two childhood friends of LEQUERICA. the Foreign Minister, who happens to be a native of Bilbao, to request a private showing of the

pictures as a personal favor, A representative of the project would also be present at this showing. The two friends of the Minister are CARIAGA and AZNAR, both wealthy citizens of Bilbao who have the additional advantage in this case of being interested in the construction of the new Bilbao museum and the building up of its collections. AZNAR 't mother, the Marquesa de MACMAHON, has known LEQUERICA since he was a child and is said to have some influence on him. All these people are friends of a British resident of Bilbao who has undertaken to begin preparing the ground at once.

2. The second most important problem is to ascertain whether or not there are other pictures which are already circulating in Spain. This can be done by a thorough investigation of the following elements:

MIEDL, Alois. MIEDL's present activities and whereabouts.

Renewed questioning of the source of the original British report which mentioned the catalogue brought out in Madrid, along the following lines: Why did MIEDL return to France?

Were there any pictures left there? If so, where? Were any pictures confiscated in France? Through whose intervention was he released? If through ORTEGA| then what was the quid pro quo; was it an exchange between ORTEGA and CHARLIER (the military commissioner on the French side of the frontier)? Or did LOPEZ have something to do with it? Has MIEDL any pictures with him now? If not, where are the pictures -which were formerly reported to be in Madrid? (In his rooms there.)

What is MIEDL's present relationship to the German Embassy and in particular to General KRAMER?

How does he communicate with GOERING? Were any pictures confiscated in France?

DUVAL, Jean. He is known to be in Madrid in difficulties and seeking to approach the Allies. If it is considered advisable to question him, the following points could be cleared up. (E.O.T. handles his contact)

What was his relationship to MIEDL, to OTELET, to KONINCKX? What was his last contact with MIEDL? Did he ever carry pictures for MIEDL? Did he refuse to return the pictures to MIEDL?

Does he know if any pictures failed to cross the frontier on August 21? Does he know any details concerning the pictures?

Does he know of MIEDL's being engaged in the smuggling of anything else besides pictures?

KONINCKX, OTELET, Ximex Company

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Both OTELET and the Ximex Company are at present on the Proclaimed List. It is, therefore, interesting to know how KONINCKX has carried on his connection with them since his return to San Sebastian. The following questions are of interest in this connection: Is KONINCKX still working in the Ximex Company? (in December he gave his business address as the Ximex office in San Sebastian). What is his present relationship with OTELET to whom he admits owing a considerable debt as far as his liberation from France is concerned? Is he in any way acting as a cover for Ximex business? Does he still live with Miss HOEBACH?

What is the present Belgian official attitude to KONINCKX? His letters, written after his liberation from France, reveal that the Belgian Ambassador in Paris, Count ROMREE, intervened on his behalf.

The question of KONINCKX or OTELET's present relationship with MIEDL is also important. Does either of them still see or have dealings with him? If they do not, when did they cease to do so? Do they know anything about MIEDL's present activities? A report considered reliable on the BAUER kidnapping speaks of funds hidden in France. Both OTELET and KONINCKX are linked with this kidnapping. Do they know anything about such funds, their whereabouts and if by any chance there are any pictures connected with this cache? Further details on the BAUER question might be obtained from these sources. For instance, what part does the Spanish police agent FUERTES, who is reported to have allowed the passage into Spain of LOPEZ and his companions, play in their original smuggling set-up? LOPEZ, Antonio

Now located in San Sebastian (or Ondarreta?) jail. The source of our reports offers to contact this man. If this is done, the following questions are of interest:

All details on the reasons for the kidnapping. What is the exact connection of KONINCKX and OTELET with the kidnapping? Did MIEDL have any connection with BAUER? What part did FUERTES play in the smuggling organization in the past? Are other French officials in Hendaye connected with the smuggling ring in the same way as LOPEZ? If so, who are they? Has LOPEZ any information on the cache of hidden assets in France already referred to?

If LOPEZ proves unwilling to answer these questions, an effort might be made to obtain answers from his two companions, LATSAQUE and BEGUE (BEC?). Further details on their identity are of interest.

TREIBER, bank director, and SMITS von (of?) FOKKER, Amsterdam Both these men are at the Hotel Esplanada, San Sebastian, but report of 30.1.45, considered reliable, states them to be in contact with MIEDL. If the source can be contacted again, he should be pressed for further information on the present activities of MIEDL. These two men sound as though they might be an interesting new line into the whole case."

From Records of the American Commission for the Protection and Salvage of Artistic and Historic Monuments in War Areas, 1943-1946. Card File On Art-Looting Suspects, 1943- 1946. (Blank):

" Background . Born Rosenheim,. Bavaria, c. 1902 (2) or, Munich, 3 March I903 (3). Married and has daughter 18 or 20 and a son about 10.(2). Reported to be a strong Bavarian Catholic (3). Has German passport. Went to Holland some years before the war, address reported to be Tesselschadestraat, Amsterdam. (2). For activities in Holland, see card 1.

Recent Activities. Was in San Sebastian, Spain, May 1944, attempting to make contact with the director of the Prado regarding sale of 60-odd Dutch and Flemish paintings of great value. Jose UYARTE, former secretary, to Gen. BEIGBEBER and acquaintance of the director, to whom subject was introduced by the Belgian Georges Charles KONINECKX. (Interrogated 7 Oct. at Bayonne) refused to deal with subject, apparently because of his German passport (2). Reported in June to K. that he had got his pictures into Spain through

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Irun Branch of Baquera Kutsche y Martin S.A., Paseo Colon 931 which had deposited them in the "Free Port" (Bilbao probably). Subject lived at Hotel Continental at first but after returning from Madrid (June) moved with family to Hotel or Pension Ursula. 21 Aug. KONINECKX saw subject on Spanish side of International Bridge at Irun with Jean DUVAL (q.v) and a German (Otto GRAEBNER (4)) trying to sell or get through customs two Dutch- registered Mercury cars. Same day K. was arrested at Hendaye and said subject was arrested that night and brought to Hendaye. Reported released, through intervention of Col. ORTEGA an. Spanish official in charge of frontier admissions, and in Madrid, having moved from the Ritz to Gaylords Hotel, Calle Alfonso XI 3 on 22 Oct.

1 . Voucher Committee

2. London XX-4085, 2 December 1944. Roberts Comm.

3. State Dept. Despatch N°. 19927, 24 Nov. 1944 (...)

4. State Dept. Despatch N°. 19750 4 December 1944

"At that time is reported to have in possession two GOYA's allegedly "stolen by the Reds" during the Spanish Civil War (2).

Paintings in subject's possession are variously described as being nine 18th century Dutch and three CEZANNES, and, from SHAEF report, works by REMBRANDT, VAN DYCK, Jan STEEN and CRANACH (3). Report dated 16 Oct. says there is a catalog of some 200 paintings, property of GOERING, which had been imported from France to Spain for sale. These paintings were reported on 13 November to be in Madrid, having been brought in as Goering's personal property, through intervention of Gen. KRAMER, German Air Attache (4). Other individuals indirectly involved with subject: WITZIG, Johannes, Munich DUVAL, Jean, - alias Jean COLONNA OTLET, Adrien - friend of KONIKECKX

ROHRBACH, Hans Bernard Joseph - business connection with OTLET Also see dossier on MIEDL, 16 January 1945.

1. Voucher Committee

2. London XX-40855, 2 December 1944

3. State Dept. Despatch N°. 19927. 24 November 1944 (from Roberts Committee files)

4. State Dept. Despatch N° 19750, 4 December 1944

A list of paintings consigned to subject, now in the Free Port of Bilbao has been given by Ramon TALASAC in "strict confidence". TALASAC is on British Statutory List for acting as cloak for German concerns but his rase is being reconsidered and he may be removed from list. His list and descriptions filed in MIEDL dossier (5).

In Oct. 16, 1944 was reported at the Ritz Hotel, Madrid, "recently". Source, Baron Hans Wolf von GOLDAMMER, was asked by Baron von DINKLAGE to meet subject as GOERING's representative in Paris. Subject said he was sent to sell paintings and jewels for GOERING - about 200 paintings of note, stolen from Jews. Has just bought a castle surrounded by a moat, near .Amsterdam (6)

Six looted pictures are reported being held for subject by Dr. Arthur WIEDERKEHR, (qv) in Switzerland, five of which are from ROSENBERG Collection (4 CEZANNES and a VAN GOGH); the sixth a Jan STEEN marked GOUDSTIKKER (7)

Subject has unknown connections with Hans ZIEGRA, a German whose activities in Spain have resulted in his name being placed on an expulsion list now in preparation by the British Embassy (8).

According to Director RECO of Deutschesbank, Berlin, through Helmuth MAURER in Stockholm, one Alois MUTHEL is in Spain to sell paintings for GOERING; same source says paintings in the Muhlhausen mine are GOERING's personal property (9).

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Dr. Arthur WIEDERKEHR of Zurich has deposited in his name in the Volksbank Zurich, six pictures from looted collections given to him by MIEDL. For list of pictures and details of transaction, see Swiss Report from Cooper, 22 Match 45, Appendix A (10).

Late in 1943 Dr. WIEDERKEHR asked Nathan KATZ (qv) to go to Zurich to inspect 1 1 paintings deposited with Schwizeriche Bank Gesellschaft for MIEDL. These consisted of 6 by VAN GOGH 3 by CEZANNE and 2 by Jan STEEN, one of which was a wedding scene* he had seen at /Amsterdam and which must have been stolen (11). (...) Owner: GOUDSTIKKER of Amsterdam. Dutch. Sequestered by the Germans in France in 1940. Passed to the Einssatzstab Rossenberg. Acquired by GOERING on 14.9.41, 2.12.41 and 4.12.41. Sold to Alois MIEDL, German national in 1942. Deposited by MIEDL with Dr. WIEDERKEHR of Zurich. Entered Switzerland by German diplomatic bag. Held by Dr. WIEDERKEHR of Zurich in the Volks Bank, for the account of Alois MIEDL, now resident in Madrid". (Note by E. Meyer)
 * See Roberts Commission. Subject File. Swiss Reports: " Jan STEEN. Marriage of Carta.

Von GOSCHENEN of Amsterdam once came to see WIEDERKEHR at MIEDL's request, to see the pictures subject was holding for MIEDL. Von GOSCHENEN undoubtedly known to Nathan KATZ, who also saw the pictures (12)

Instructed Dr FRICK to hand pictures held by Dr Arthur WIEDERKER (qv-Switz.) over to Schweiz. Bankgesellschaft (13).

10. Swiss Report, 22 March 45, from Cooper. Orion pouch 6552 Also mentioned in State No. 22391, 13 April 45. Safehaven No. 203

1 1 . Safehaven additions to Cooper Switz. rpt.

12. British Leg., Berne, Despatch 22844, end. 1 of 16-4-45 (from Cooper).(XL-9404, Safehaven Report No 217, 3 May 1945).

13. MIEDEL letter of 2 Oct from Amsterdam (end. to despatch No 22391 ,13-4145 from British Embassy at London)

See also Safehaven Report, XX 7376, 15 June 1945

The name of E. KUMMERLE (qv) appears on the back of photographs found in the GOUDSTIKKER safe in an envelope, inscribed "Photographs and certificates of pictures sold to HOFER." Many of these photographs are of pictures taken to Spain by Subject in 1944 (14).

According to ORION Report the Dutch have jailed all Dutch who collaborated with MIEDL in business transactions and are prepared to include MIEDL on their War Criminal List (1 5) and (17).

Was interviewed by ORION in Spain and preliminary arrangements made for subject to be transferred to UK for further interrogation, subject demanded impossible guarantees, however, so project was abandoned (16).

(...)

Manfred KATZ alias TOMAS (qv) instrumental in making first contact with subject. Being held by Spanish police in connection with murder of Michel SZOKOLNIKOV White Russian smuggler, found stabbed 9 June near Madrid (18).

According to Theo GUSTIN (qv) the following were close friends and associates of subject:

1. Frau RIEGLE (GOERING's sister)

2. E. HEINZ (director of /. G. Farben and leader of Dutch Nazi Party)

3. Dr. FLESCHE (leader of Fifth Column Espionage Group)

4. LAGER (Fifth Column Leader prior to 1940, now in custody) (19)

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Recovered documents belonging to GOERING indicate that subject swapped four pictures with the Marshall. For account of subject's connection with sale of KOENIGS collection (qv) see source document. Report 'MIEDL - GOUDSTIKKER documents and pictures" refers to HOFER and other German clients of subject, for details see source (20).

(21 ) XL 1 51 75, 1 8-9-45 p. 1 3-1 4

(22) LSX-002-627 - info, of 7-2-45 - Interrog. Rpts. folder

(23) XX 8992 ( memo of 7-26-45) - Interrogation of SCHELLENBERG. Described MIEDL as notorious profiteer, picture buyer for GOERING. Once arrested in Holland, Active in Italy. German I.S. thinking of using him for intelligence purposes, but turned him down on his reputation. (Blank) In founding a bank in Spain, KALTENBRUNNER denied any knowledge of MIEDL at interrogation,

(24) FEA. Report, Aug. 1945, p. 6 - bought RENDERS (qv) collection for GOERING. Also mentioned on pages 13, 14 (GOUDSTIKKER Collection), 20, 23, 24, 25,27,29,

30. 31, 32, 33

1 9. XX 8341, 30 July 45, see MIEDL dossier

20. MFA & A Report for May and June 1945 (pp. 20, 88, 89).

DUVAL worked with subject in France as selling agent for Dutch pictures, with Adrian OTELET and KONNIS (sic) as contacts (25).

Claims he gave GOERING a painting on 12 Jan 45 (GOERING 's birthday) at FRITZE's (qv) orders, and that FRITZE was acting on American orders (General MARSHALL) to establish a channel to GOERING (26). This claim denied (27).

Dutch wish to take subject to Holland for trial. (26)

Subject expected to be repatriated to Germany shortly for interrogation by ORION. Dutch want him transferred to their custody after. They will have to apply through channels to USFET to effect this (28) (29).

(30) XX 9663 C.I.R No 2, p. 18 - Brief review of his connections with GOERING.

Subject a friend of HOFFMANN for many years. Sold pictures to LINZ through HOFFMANN'S influence. In 1941 subject had a number of pictures from the GOUDSTIKKER collection stored in Berlin, which HOFFMANN took HITLER to see; some later sold to LINZ. Subject also acted as agent for HOFFMANN (31 ).

25. RX-955, 8 Sept 45. Report on Heinrich BAUER, p.3

26. IN-27923, 6 Nov 45.

27. OUT- (Blank) 7 Dec. 45

28. XX 005-1022, 22 Oct 45 (memo from London to Portugal) see Registry.

29. XX 9545, 22 Oct 45 (similar memo from Spanish Desk, London, to Germany)

31. D.I.R. No. 1 - Heinrich HOFFMANN p. 6, 7

32. Safehaven Report N°. 57, 19 Jan 45 (from ECONIC files)

33. Safehaven Report N°. 283, 3 Aug 45 (from ECONIC files)

34. Safehaven Report N°. 321, 22 Sept 45 (MIEDL file)

Enclosure No. 2 to despatch No. 19,750 of Dec. 8, 1944, from the Embassy at London, England.

Dated December 4, 1944. Alois MIEDEL

With reference to our memorandum of November 24th, we have received the following further information from Secret Intelligence Sources:

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(a) A report dated October 14th stated that MIEDEL arrived in Spain with two large .American cars, and a large number of paintings from Holland (Rubens, Van Dyck etc). The Prado Museum was said to be interested in one of them for two million Pesetas. It was suggested that MIEDEL was acting under order from GOERING to sell the paintings and keep the proceeds for him.

(b) A report dated October 16th stated that there was in existence a catalogue of some two hundred paintings which had been imported into Spain from France, most of the paintings were valued at from 100,000 to 500,000 Pesetas, but there were five or six of even greater value. All the paintings were alleged to be the property of GOERING. It was stated that when they crossed the Franco-Spanish border, the paintings were detained by the Spanish authorities, but were later released on the insistence of General KRAMER, who was thought to be in charge of the convoy.

(c) A report dated November 13th stated that after D-day GOERING had commissioned MIEDEL to convoy 200 paintings to Spain in two cars. MIEDEL crossed the Franco-Spanish border with the paintings just before it was closed. Difficulties were raised about the paintings on the Spanish side, and the German Air Attache, General KRAMER, had in the end to acknowledge them as GOERING's personal property. The paintings were, at the date of the report, in Madrid, where they were going to be offered for sale, MIEDEL had distributed catalogues of them (see (b) above). He had boasted of his connection with GOERING and of the commission he would receive upon the sale of the paintings; German circles in Madrid believed his boasting to be justified.

It was also stated that after he had crossed the Franco-Spanish border with the paintings, MIEDEL recrossed it again into France in order to pick up a box. He, and a companion named Otto GRAEBENER, alleged to be a Gestapo Agent, were arrested by the Maquis, but MIEDEL escaped the next day (see end of paragraph 1 (d) of report under reference). All this information has been made available to His Majesty's Embassy, Madrid."

Spanish Government denied the extradition of Alois MIEDL to Holland or to Allies. The works of art and assets were unfrozen in 1949. The number of works and whereabouts are still unknown.

In 1949, the Dutch Government lost interest in Miedl's crimes. He is invited to the Netherlands to give evidence in the trial against the art dealers DE VRIES and KATZ: "Various witnesses were heard in the following years, including the German Alois Miedl, who had fled to Spain just before the liberation. At the request of the Dutch authorities, who provided him with a letter of safe-conduct and a reimbursement of expenses, Miedl visited the Netherlands from the end of August to mid-September 1949 in order to give evidence against De Vries and Katz". "Advies inzake kunsthandel Katz (zaaknummer RC 1.90B)" (Restitutions Committee's recommendation to the Minister for Education, Culture and Science on a claim by X.X. and Y.Y., also on behalf of other family members, to 1 89 works of art from the National Art Collection.)

de MIGUEL (fnu) Col Chief of Spanish Intelligence, Tetuan. Spanisn citizen lives Tetuan- Rio Martin 1.75m muscular grey hair. Career: With Blue Division in USSR. Married. Wears German Iron Cross.

MIHAN, Herbert Max. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Dresden, 15 July, 1908. A-751. Classified lll-C in OSS records. Teacher. Address: Calle Gran Bassas 13, Las Palmas.

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MIKA, Johann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

MIKENDA, August. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

MIKOWIAK, Jean / Johann de. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Berlin, 22 April, 1906.

MILLRADT, Otto Ernst. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 29.10.1880 in Lauenburg/ Pommern. Address in Germany, 1946: Ostseebad Gromutz bei Neustadt, Holstein Haus Ruhwinkel (British zone).

MILTNER, Eugen. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

MINAMEYER, Wolfgang Wilhelm Adolf. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 2/9/1896 in Stolberg Harz. In Marine Perch file. One time Berlin factory owner. Connected with Gerhard LINDENBERG. Worked also as an agent for American Embassy officials. Address in Germany, 1946: Pension Ringe, Oberstorf, Allgau, Bayern

MINK, Franz. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Cashier in Madrid of the Deutsches Kulturinstitut, which spent 40 to 50.000 pts. per month. On 8 May 1945 the remaining balance 72.000 pts. was handed over to TUCHOLKA, cashier at the Embassy. A-362 on Official List. DOB. Bietigheim, 4 May, 1900

MITJANS DE CASTANY / CASTANI, Pablo. SD and Abwehr agent. Owner of firm Mari & Mitjans, Antwerp, Rubenslei 13. Barcelona, Arenys del Mar. Las seen June in Antwerp. 1.63m, 47 years, brown hair, round face, blue eyes. Smuggler connected with ROHRBACH and Wilhelm PAHL.

From From OMGUS, External Assets Investigation, Unit, General: Pahl, Wilhelm (Interrogation report): "ROHRBACH asked PAHL in June 1942, whether Westbank would agree to advance 7 million Belg. Francs to a friend of his with the name of MITJANS, for the purpose of importing spirits from France. He, ROHRBACH, would provide the necessary security.

MITJANS was the owner of an import and export firm Mari and Mitjans. As MITJANS used to export food from Belgium to the Spanish Republican Forces, he lost all his claims in Spain after FRANCO'S victory, compelling him to declare it a failure. MARI, MITJANS's partner, commited suicide in London in 1939.

PAHL agreed to credit MITJANS with the required sum on ROHRBACH's security. From 1942-1943, PAHL had only business connections with MITJANS arising from WestbanKs loan on 7 million Bfrancs and the subsequent imports of spirits from France.

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In August 1943, MITJANS asked PAHL whether he could help him to obtain a German exit visa for Spain as he had twice been refused this on the grounds of his connections with Republican Spain. MITJANS has twice been held by the S.D. for questioning and has been warned "not to return to Spain", although he was able to obtain a Spanish entry-visa at Paris. MITJANS was willing to work for any German Department and asked PAHL to forward the following information to the German authority concerned:

A Dominion priest in Paris had received information via Spain from Free-Mason circles in England, that he should forward an offer from London to the German Government, provided the latter would abstain from any territorial claims outside Germany.

PAHL agreed to meet the priest in MITJANS' presence at Hotel Monsigny in Paris at the beginning of September 1943. During their conversation, the priest, whose name PAHL does not remember, asked to see a high German authority as he was talking as a representative of the Catholic Church in Spain.

PAHL informed PIEPER immediately of the issue, who, again, informed Dr. KOCH who should contact the S.D., as PIEPER thought that the S.D. was the competent authority to deal with the matter.

According to PAHL, Dr. KOCH had been authorized by the S.D to send his employee EDLER (cover name BIFFY) to Paris in order to extract more information from the priest. As EDLER's journey to Paris took place six weeks after the initial talks in October 1943, he was told by the priest that it was too late now and "that Germany had lost her last chance". As a result of MITJANS' information PAHL suggested to GROGER that MITJANS may be useful as an agent if granted a visa to Spain and Morocco.

GROGER agreed to provide an exit visa for MITJANS and his wife in Paris and obtained it in March 1944. MITJANS was supposed to look out for information regarding British Navy, troop movements in North Africa and French Morocco.

On his return from Spain one month later, MITJANS stated that he was not able to mobtain any information for GROGER who considered MITJANS to be a failure from Abwehr viewpoint.

MITJANS left Belgium for Spain again in July 1944. This was the last PAHL has heard about him.

He left his firm, Mari-Mitjans, at Antwerp, with an employee of his at 13 Rubens-Ley, Antwerp."

MITTELBACH, Rolf Oswald. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 5/7/1925 in Leipzig. Address in Germany, 1946: Waldburgstr. 24, Boeblingen bei Stuttgart (US zone).

MITTELSTADT, Gustav. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

MITTELSTRASSE, Carl Otto. German agent classified C. Listed as C233. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Formerly German consul in Las Palmas at one time manager of W.A. Moritz, Barcelona. Address: Mariano Cubi 85, Barcelona.

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MODE, Carlos. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Born about 1883. Calle Guillermo Tell 38, Barcelona.

MOEBIUS / MOBIUS, Kurt. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801- 2850: 1.G. Farbenindustrie A.G. Unicolor, Aguirre 9, Bilbao. Born Ammendorf Saalkreis, 24 December, 1901. Passport No 30/43 issued Merseburg 18 August, 1943. Member of NSDAP.

MOEGLE, Curt. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801 -2850: Aceros Roechling S.A. Aguirre 3-2° izq., Bilbao. Born Ulm a. Donau, 11 Oct. 1906. Passport No 49 /38 issued Bilbao 14.7.38. Member of DAF.

MOELLER, Rudolf. German agent classified A. Listed as A234. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. German vice consul, Madrid.

MOELLER, Korv Kpt. In Referat I, KO, l-M Spanien

MOELLHAUSEN, Eitel Friedrich. German agent classified A. Listed as A235. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Went to Portugal from Spain 30 March, 1945.

MOHN, Adolf. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1 941 ).

MOHNEN, Elisabeth / Elsbeth. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Martin. DOB. Frankfurt, 19 January, 1910. A-812.

MOHR, Lt. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. German navy. Madrid.

MOHR, Heribert. German agent classified B. Listed as B238. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Arrived in Spain November 1944. Address: Hotel Ritz, Barcelona, 16 April 1945.

MOHREN, Mathias, alias NEGRO. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified A and l-B in OSS records. Listed A236. Repatriated from Spain by air (dates from January 29 to February 25, 1946). Po. No. 0771. From CI-CIR/12, 12 January 1946. Headquarters United States Forces European Theater Military Intelligence Service Center. APO 757. Subject: Referat II KO Spanien. (fnu) Gefr Driver, Alst San Sebastian. KO Spanien, 1941-45. Lives Koeln. born 1905 (or 1912 in OSS files) 1.68 m muscular black hair fair complexion dark eyes. Career; Driver 1 939 with Nest Koeln; 1940-41 Alst Paris 1941 with Aust Biarritz. Misc; Lived Villa Blanca in San Sebastian. Speaks French, Spanish. Employed at German consulate, San Sebastian.

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MOLDENHAUER, Heinz Paul. Sonderfuehrer. I-M, KO Spanien In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified A and l-B in OSS records. Listed A239. Formerly an agent of / Wi Ast Brussels, who left Spain in the summer of 1944. Cousin of Richard MOLDENHAUER. Connected with Unicolor S.A, Madrid. Interned at Caldas de Malavella, February, 1945.

MOLDENHAUER, Richard E alias Richard MOLDENHAUER SCHMIDT. German agent classified B. Listed as B237. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Interned in Caldas de Malavella early in February 1945. Repatriated from Madrid by army airtransport on 23 August 1946. Flight X. Born about 1910. Since 1932 in Spain. NSDAP since 1942; since 1934, DAF. ABWEHR Obermueller. Commercial agent. Worked for Unicolor since 1941 and later for Sofindus, for Wermacht Heer since 1942, for Abwehr Spanien since 1943. Returned in June 1943 to Madrid and went back to Mainz in July 1943 and was employed in Military Adminlration. In Madrid in June 1944, when he was apparently acting as deputy Leiter (Chief) IM KdM, replacing Gustav FOCK, who returned to Germany about that time.

Connected with ENGE and THOMSEN. A French agent was told by the Germans in June 1944 that in the absence of POCK BIELENBERG, he was to deal with Richard MOLDENHAUER SCHMIDT (as he was called in Spain), at Alfonso XIII 50, Madrid. Married. Cousin of Heinz Paul MOLDENHAUER, formerly an agent of I Wi AST Brussels, who left Spain in the summer of 1944. Height 5'5" (165cm.). Slender build, brown hair going bald, turned-up nose. Address: (1944) Calle Alfonso XII (error in some documents XIX), 52, Madrid. Tfn. 20848.

MOLL, Franz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

MOLL, Hermann. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Merchant. Born about 1902 in Neukirchen-Saar, Germany. Formerly in France. Operated in Spain. Las reported in San Sebastian March 1945.

MOLLER / MULLER, Karl Heinz. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Barsbuttel, 12 January, 1920.

MOLLER, Julius. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

MOLLET. Involved in cloaking operations according to LINDENBERG.

MOLTKE, Hans-Adolf von. German embassador in Spain, 1943.

MONAT / MONNAT, Andre Pierre Jacques, alias Andre JACQUES, alias Jean CLEMENT, alias Dr. MANGUET. French; born c.1910; reported to have been a large-scale smuggler in the Andorra region since at least 1938; formerly a member of the French Deuxieme Bureau; prior to the German occupation of southern France he ran a frontier-crossing organisation with headquarters at Ax-les-Thermes, and subsequently continued this activity for the benefit of Jews, Poles, French officers and other refugees, his motives being allegedly altogether

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mercenary; arrested by the Germans in March 1943 and, after several months imprisonment, decided to collaborate with the German I.S.; sent to Paris late in 1943 to penetrate the Deuxieme Bureau and denounce some of his former colleagues to the German I. S. Went to Perpignan, about January 1944, reportedly under the orders of the Paris SD and worked against Allied frontier-crossing groups until the liberation of southern France, when he entered Spain; arrived on 24.8.44 in Barcelona, where he was reported to have bwen in close touch with the German Consulate and with the Barcelona Committee of the Secours National Frangais, a Vichy organisation; collaborated and exchanged information with Maximo ILLARI CAMBRA (sic) of the D.G.S and was in contact with Teniente Coronel MORENO, Robert GUICHOU, Roger MOURAILLE, Hermann HAMFLER and Hans MARTIN; reported in January 1945 to have recruited agents and sent them into France on behalf of the German I.S.; was specially interested in the establishment of German communication lines across the Franco-Spanish frontier and in the uncovering of Allied frontier-crossing organisations.

Reported to have been distrusted by the German I.S., and on 21 .2.45 was arrested by the Spanish police, allegedly at the request of the Germans, but this arrest may have been a ruse designed to enable him to attempt to penetrate the American I.S. Reported to have been incarcerated at Nanclares de la Oca (...) on 3.5.45. Reported in March 1945 to have purchased passports of either Panama or El Salvador for himself and his wife or mistress, Dolores FELIPE CIRRERO. Height c. 5'1 1" (180 cm), hair combed back, light eyes, long thin nose, large mouth with gold teeth on one side, dark complexion, speaks Spanish and some German. Address: (January 1945) Calle San Elias 21, Barcelona"

MONCH, Alfred. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

MONCKE, Ernst. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

MONCLUS VILAR, Joaquin. Spanish. Agent of Ast Hamburg in Spain in July-August 1942. Address: Calle Gerona 55, Barcelona. (OSS records).

MONDEJAR GOMEZ, Francisco. Spanish. Formerly employee of the Administracion de la Plaza in Tangier. Went from Tangier to Seville, where he was arrested in December 1944 and taken to Madrid for carrying documents contrary to Allied interests, which had been entrusted to him by his brother-in-law

MOOCK, Joseph / Jose. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. German formerly employed as technician by the Spanish Government at San Pablo airfield, Sevilla. Listed for departure on SS Marine Marlin, scheduled to leave the Port of Bilbao about Agust 31, 1946. Entered Spain August 20, 1942. DOB. Altumbecken, 1 April, 1898. A-818. Address in Spain: Paraje Dehesa de las Vacas, Sevilla.

MORA, Angel, alias DUQUE, alias RIFFI. From STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain:"Was an officer of the Servicio de Informaciones Militares at Melilla, and had direct radio contact with Madrid. He supplied reliable and accurate information on shipping in Oran and other North African ports, which were picked up in Madrid by alias NEGRO. Written reports were forwarded as negatives in light proof envelopes by ordinary mail or via a V- man."

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MORA, Jose / Pepe, alias ROGER. From STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain:"Was Angel's brother, and a high ranking military doctor in Madrid. He was a radical Falangist, a member of the Camisas Cruzadas (*), and his reports were mainly about Republican subversive activities."

(*) There were no such group in Falange. There were a group called informally Camisas Viejas (Old shirts), formed by the first party members before the elections of February, 1936. Camisas Cruzadas was a phrase used firstly in US press and reports (see The case for the recognition of the Spanish republic, p. 22)

MORASKE / MORAWSKY, Walter. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Koschinen, 5 June, 1904. A-569.

MORAVITZ, Johann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

MORENO REGO, Miguel. Spanish. "Detained and interrogated in Trinidad, MORENO was a Spanish ship's steward who admitted being recruited by a member of the Spanish Consulate in Buenos Aires to act as a courier for German Intelligence. Brought to Camp 020, he confessed to having carried letters to the German Consulate in Bilbao and was assessed as a low grade agent." National Archives, Kew. KV/2/ 3416. PF 65888

MORLOCK, Oscar. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Zurbano 55, Madrid. Born May 16, 1891 at Stuttgart. Armaments engineer and representative in Spain of Rheinmetal-Borsig. Recommended for priority repatriation because of connection with armaments trade. Interrogated by Allied Control Commision about German armaments trade with Spain during war.

MOSEL, Johann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

MOSIG, Walter Eugen misspelled MOSIGK alias BOEKER alias SCHMIDT. German agent classified A. Listed as A241 and B-301. , I Priority. Repatriated from Madrid by army airtransport on 23 August 1946. In Flight X file. Supreme Chief of SD in Spain. Chief of Sofindus counter/sabotage bureau. Partner and confident of BERNHARDT. Held rank of Colonel or Lt. Colonel in SS Guards. Belonged to RSHA VI of the Gestapo in Berlin. Chief of SS with Condor Legion during the Spanish Civil War.

One of the 19 cases considered of the utmost importance for repatriation. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. SD/ Gestapo. Born about 1907. 1930-1931 Spain and Argentina; 1936-1938 in Spain; 1943-1946 Spain. Since 1935 in NSDAP. SS Sturmbannfuehrer in SD since 1939. Kriminaldirektor in the Prussian Landespolizei and in Referat Amt VI in RSHA. Head of department in Sofindus and commissioned in Sabotage- Abwehr. Connected with ARNOLD, KALLAB, THOMSEN. Address in Germany Fritzlar Bez Kassel Staedtsiches Forsthaus.

From the office of Attache D.P. Medalie: "From a source considered reliable, November 5, 1945: MOSIG of Sofindus is identical with SCHMIDT of the Gestapo. His job is checking up on doubtful Germans, keeping an eye on the German colony and liquidating "traitors". Subject is known by the British to be very dangerous. "

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From a report dated January 27, 1944: German SS official, recently arrived in Spain (about November 1943). Agent of Sofindus working in furs. Was in Spain during Civil War, reportedly as a Gestapo leader. Said to be close to HITLER.

From a reliable source dated June 9, 1944: One group of SD in Spain under joint direction of subject and Theo ARNOLD. Subject seemed to direct operational side. Source under orders of subject and ARNOLD. Subject seemed to be quite friendly with clergy.

From a memo from Military Attache dated November 28, 1944: Subject has control over all Gestapo money in Spain.

Information from a memo by OMGUS Financial Division, extracted from the interrogation of MOSIG about his connection with the sale of Banco Hispano Suizo S.A. Madrid to a German investment group headed by Johannes BERNHARDT: The purchasing group consisted of ZISCHE (misspelled ZCHIECHE orCHIECHE in some documents), Sofindus director and cashier, Ernest PECHE and Joachim SIEVERS, partners in Productos Agricolas {PRODAG), and included one Spaniard, CARUNCHO. In additon, MOSIG stated that the former owner of Banco Hispano Suizo (a Swiss) retained an unknown amount of stock in the bank. Subsequently, a disagreement arose between BERNHARDT and SIEVERS over the former's desire to make the bank an adjunct of Sofindus. The result was BERNHARDT sold part of his shares.

The Spaniard CARUNCHO was propietor of Hispano Export-Import, S.A., Gran Via 50, Madrid and a partner in Vinagre Vinicola S.A. (VIVISA). Export-Import, S.A. during the war, bought Spanish Pesetas in the Lisbon black market, to buy fruits and vegetables in Spain fopr shipment to France. CARUNCHO also was the middleman between SERRANO SUNER and Sofindus in wolfram transactions. MOSIG recalled that on three, possibly four, occasions he had made delivery to CARUNCHO of funds received from the courier section of the German Embassy. The amounts totalled about 3.000.000 Pesetas and were channeled through Heinz SINGER, German Police Attache, to MOSIG who made the actual payments. Another tie-up of CARUNCHO with Sofindus was through his brother, a police official in Bilbao, who was actively engaged in wolfram purchases for the German firm.

From a British report dated February 3, 1945: "Kriminal Kommisar. Works for Gestapo in German Consulate building and is very powerful. Subject is also in smuggling business, both of commodities and foreign exchange from German occupied countries. Subject is reported to be working with a Dutch girl, who is sler-in-law of Roberto SCHRADER Subject got her permission to come to Spain after invasion had begun (probably Madame Tutas ROGGEWEEN).

On September 4, 1 944, The British Embassy sent a Note Verbal to the Spanish Minlry of Foreign Affairs stating that apprehension and internment was regarded by His Majesty's Government as a matter of utmost importance and urgency.

From a British report of March 26, 1945: "According to source subject is traying to get a Spanish passport. Described as tall and handsome, age about 40 and of high SS rank. He is a friend of the mining engineer, Georg BUERG.

From a reliable source, September 7, 1945: Gestapo man and one of the leaders of the Georgi group.

According to Washington and London reports August 24, 1945, MOSIG and TENSAMANI* may be guilty of complicity in the money affair and orders for their arrest were issued.

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promoted and protected by Spanish Government after Spanish troops occupied Tangier on June 14, 1940.
 * TENSAMANI: Sidi Larbi TENSAMANI / TEMSAMANI Pasha of the Caliph in Tanger,

Spanish Primer furnished by the office of Attache D.P. Medalie: " German. Born Giessen (Hesse) May 24, 1907. Officer of Amt VI, RSHA, in charge from at least 1940 until September 1943 of a section in Berlin dealing with military, economic and other information from France, Spain, Spanish Morocco and Portugal. May have been IdS (Inspektor der Sipo un des SD) in Breslaubin June 1941. Visited Madrid in August 1940, Lyon in August 1941, Madrid and Lisbon in September 1942, and Tangier in January 1943. In Berlin in the spring of 1943, when he was interested in obtaining general information concerning European (...) affairs in Spanish Morocco. Concerned in the summer of 1943 with an expedition to Persia and with a despatch of an agent to North Africa. Arrived in Madrid in September 1943, under cover of a Dealer in hides connected with Sofindus, and took charge of investigating the activities of all Germans in the Iberian Peninsula. Visited Lisbon in February 1944 and March 1945. Listed for expulsion, but because of his crucial importance to the war effort the German Embassy secured the revocation of the Expulsion order in November 1944. Reported in February 1945 to have been engaged, in addition to his SD duties, in smuggling commodities and foreign exchange in German occupied territories. Reported in March 1945 to have changed his name and address and to be trying to obtain Spanish passport. The Spanish authorities ordered his internment at Caldas de Malavella in June 1945, in which month he was reported to be connected with a clandestine organization to promote post- defeat activities." Wife's name: Hildegard. NSDAP N° 1 1 .670 SS N°46.671

Address: (October 1943, Office) Av. Jose Antonio 38, Madrid; (November 1944, Private) Calle Brisa 4, Madrid; calle Olozaga 18, Madrid.

MOLL. I-M, KO Spanien, Algeciras (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain).

MOLL, Hermann. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain.

MORENO BRAVO, Gregorio. Lt. Col., alias MORENO EL GUAPO. Spanish agent for Abwehr. {General Records Pertaining to External Assets Investigations, compiled 1948 - 1950, documenting the period 1939 - 1950 Series: Repatriates : Spain - General (June 1946- September 1947). Living in Barcelona, Calle Bailen 230. Suspected of having held looted works of art and other valuables for German interests. In ALIU Red Flag Names List.

MOSCH, Georg von. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

MOSSGRA, Wilhelm. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

MOURAILLE, Roger. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. French. DOB. 10/6/1913 in Marseille. Member of La Cagoule {CSAR). Smuggler and art looter. Connected with the murderers of Marx DORMOY, French Minister of the Popular Front July 1941 assasinated by a bomb, set off at his house by cagoulards. Information from a handwritten note included in

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Roberts Commission, Subjects files: Spain:"French. Formerly worked in German consul(ate) Marseilles. Murdered French politician whom he was payed to take over the Pyrenees. Sought by French police (SENNER?). Has Monticelli (Montecelli) formerly in the collection of Frank Jay GOULD. Harbours PITOAU (sic), French thug escaped from Miranda del Ebro Camp. Also a murderer. MOURAILLE's girl: Suzanne. (In) Connection (with) MASUY"

"Roger Mouraille, qui retrouva la liberte dans des conditions mal eclaircies avant le transfert a Largentiere, entra dans le service de renseignements de Hans SENNER a Marseille ou il retrouva probablement son homonyme Annie Mouraille. Lui-meme donnera une version legerement differente et un peu plus flatteuse de son engagement aupres des occupants en declarant qu'il avait « travaille » avec les services de presse allemands, avenue du Prado a Marseille, de mars a janvier 1944 et qu'il recueillait « des renseignements politiques ». II se specialise dans le pillage des biens juifs, a Marseille, Cannes et Pau ou il est condamne par contumace, le 25 juillet 1945, a cinq ans d'emprisonnement.

Se sentant menace par la Resistance, Mouraille quitte Marseille en aout 1944, passe en Espagne par Hendaye « avec un passeport regulier » et se fixe a Barcelone ou il aurait retrouve Moynier et Annie Mouraille a 1 'hotel Regina. Mais moins chanceux qu'eux et que beaucoup d'autres, il est arrete debut avril 1945 par la police franquiste et se fracture la jambe en tentant de sauter du train en marche pres de Bilbao, au moment ou il allait etre remis aux autorites americaines. Affecte a un convoi de rapatries allemands, il est embarque sur le Marin-Perch. Trois jours plus tard, il debarque a Bremerhaven, avant-port de Breme, puis est envoye au centre d'internement d'Asperg, pres de Ludwigsburg, ou il est place a I'infirmerie. Deux inspecteurs des services de la police judiciaire a Paris viennent I'y arreter le 8 juillet 194652 pour donner suite a un mandat d'arret du juge d'instruction de Pau, d'un second arret du juge destruction de la cour de justice de Marseille pour « atteinte a la Surete exterieure de PEtat, vol, complicite, recel », d'un mandat d'amener de Robert Levy, juge d'instruction au tribunal de la Seine, « pour recel malfaiteur, complicite d'assassinal ». Arrete pour la deuxieme fois, done, il est conduit a Baden-Baden, siege des troupes franchises d'occupation, avant d'etre transiere a Paris." (Philippe Bourdrel.Les Cagoulards dans la guerre).

" La Cagoule sur la sellette pour des faits vieux de 12 ans

Lundi s'est ouvert a Paris le proces de La Cagoule, le plus grand proces qu'ait eu a connaftre la Cour d'assises de la Seine depuis I'affaire Stavisky, en 1935. La duree du proces est prevue pour un mois etdemi. Quarante-neuf inculpes sont presents, douze d'entre eux sont litres, n'etant poursuivis que pour des delits benins. Parmi les accuses presents trois sont deja condamnes a mort par les Cours de justice, Harispe, Gaudiot et Mouraille. Quelques autres sont frappes pour faits de collaboration notamment Metenier et Gabriel Jeantet. Mais dans ce grand proces, ou sont evoque des faits vieux de 11 ou 12 ans, ne comparaissent pas les grands chefs : seize sont morts, parmi lesquels Eugene Deloncle, Moreau de la Meuse, le general Duseigneur, et quatorze en fuite.

Le greffier a commence la lecture de I'acte d'accusation, un volumineux document. II etait plus de 19 heures lorsque la suite des debats a ete renvoyee a aujourd'hui. L'expose des faits n'est pas termine. " (Nouvelliste Valaisan, Mercredi 13, Octobre, 1948, p. 2)

MOUTES, Ferdinand. German agent classified B. Listed as B242. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Address: Alfonso 12 24, Madrid.

MOYNIER, Anne. From Hans SOMMER's CI interrogation: GIS Agent in Spain. Present Address: Unknown. Born: 1906 1.76m oval face brown hair, blue eyes.

Career: Wife of Yves MOYNIER whom she met in PPF circles. In 1940 accused of taking part in assassination of DORMOY, sentenced to two years in jail. After her release became

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an Amt VI agent. At present she works for VICENTE in Barcelona, supplying him with information on the French colony there, under cover as an entertainer et a Cafe.

MOYNIER, Yves, alias Gilbert MAGICIER. From Hans SOMMER's CI interrogation: G/S Agent in Spain. Present Address: Unknown. Born: 1913 1.80m Slavic type face, reddish blond heir

Career: Former member of Action Francaise and Cagoule, arrested when letter was disbanded and obtained amnesty by joining French Army in 1939. Joined PPF and became agent for Amt VI in 1 942. Sent to Switzerland to establish contact with de GAULLE's Intelligence office in Geneva, but failed in this mission. Fled to Brussels with his wife in 1944. In July 1945 they went to Spain. Interned at Camp Miranda and after release went to Barcelona in January 1946.

MUCH, Hans Rudolf. Classified lll-C in OSS records. Professor. Madrid. Born about 1900.

MUEHLPFORT / MUHLPFORT, Hans Max. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 21/3/1912 or 23/3/1912 in Berlin. Address in Germany, 1946: Simplonstr. 13, Berlin O 112.

MUELLER /MULLER, Emil. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 8/3/1916 in Gersfeld Rhoen. Address in Germany, 1946: Gersfeld/ Rhon, a. d. Rentelmuhle (US zone).

MUELLER / MULLER, Hans. Member NSDAP working for Banco Aleman Trasatlantico.

MUELLER / MULLER, Hans Joachim. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 30/9/1921 in Leipzig. Address in Germany, 1946: Taubestr. 14, Leipzig 24 (Soviet zone).

MUELLER / MULLER, Helga. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Secretary of Colonel KLEYENSTUBER, head of the Military Secret Service. A-372 on Official List and III Priority List. DOB. Karlsruhe, 9 December, 1920.

MUELLER / MUELLER-FIEDLER / MUELLER-FIELDER /, Horst / Jorge; alias Horst Theodor MUELLER .Classified A-655, I Priority and A243. Interned in Caldas de Malavella December 1944. Repatriated from Madrid by army airtransport on 23 August 1946. Born about 1912. claimed he lived in Spain, Barcelona since 1912. In Flight X. Assistant of Consul RUEGGEBERG in German Consulate, Barcelona. Address in Germany Hohensolms bei Wetzlar chez Frau Nadia BAEUMNER.

Information from the office of Attache D. P. Medalie: German. Born November 9, 191 1 in Magdeburg. Employee of the German Consulate in Barcelona, and also of I. Wi K.O Spain under Friedrich RUEGGEBERG. First reported in February 1942. Last reported in June 1943. Known in Spain as Horst MULLER-FIEDLER. Wife lived in Spain since 1943. Height 5'11" (180 cm.); strong bony build, light brown hair, aquiline nose, medium complexion, clean shaven. Address of father, Pablo MULLER, architect, with whom he lived: Calle Lanuza 36, San Gervasio, Barcelona. Tfn. 82962.

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From a reliable source, August 12, 1944. Subject received reports from German ship agents in Barcelona, especially from Jesus MORALES and Oscar RAGA (Written by error OSCARRAGA). He is located in German Consulate, Room 313, Banco de Vizcaya, Tfn. 14108.

From a reliable source, February 23, 1944: In July 1943, the radio operator Jose OLIVERO DEL RIO, later arrested for smuggling was introduced by a Spaniard who had given him the Hinrichsen password to Horst MULLER, identified as well known German agent. OLIVERO handed over to him the US intelligence which he had previously written out and MULLER gave as a way of contacting him the phone number 80979, registered number under the name of Hugo RAHLENBECK. The address given was Lanuza 36, which is registered under the name of Pablo, subject's father, and also under the name RAHLENBECK.

From a British memo dated Barcelona July 3, 1944: subject worked for AST (Abwehrstellen or field office of the Abwehr), Hamburg. At the beginning of the Civil War he went to Germany, and then later to Burgos where he joined the Condor Legion. He belonged to the Hitler Youth and was in charge of list kept in the German Consulate of recipients of Nazi propaganda.

MUELLER / MULLER, Nicolas. Dr. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Photographer. Was a lawyer in Budapest. Went to Paris about 1935 and was photoreporter for a Fascist paper. Also worked in Portugal. Went to Tangier in 1939. Hungarian or German jew. Became Roman Catholic. In Madrid in 1946.

MUELLER, Oskar Martin Klaus. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 12/12/1915 in Neustrelitz Meklenburg. Address in Germany, 1946: Langestr. 70, Baden-Baden (French zone).

MUELLER, Reinhard. Repatriated from Spain in September 10 1946.

MUHRER, Heinz. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Martin. DOB. Landsberg, 27 July, 1925.

MULLER, Alfredo / Alfred. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21,1 946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Lindlar, about 1875. Wife: Juana

MULLER. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. German Consul in Pamplona.

MULLER, von. Capt. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. German Embassy official, Barcelona.

MULLER / MUELLER, Ehrenfried. Dr. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

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MULLER / MUELLER, Friedrich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

MULLER, Gerhard. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Plane technician at San Pablo airfield, Sevilla. Came to Spain in 1942.

MULLER, Hans. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Technician at San Pablo airfield, Sevilla. Came to Spain in 1942.

MULLER / MULLER-LICHTENAU, Hans. Comdr. Agent classified l-B and ll-B in OSS

records. W/T technician. Tarifa Lighthouse, Tarifa. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

MULLER / MUELLER, Heinrich, also called GESTAPO MULLER. Chief of the Gestapo, Amt IV (Department IV) of the RSHA, Wannsee Conference participant. SS N° 107043. Joined SS 20 April, 1934. NSDAP N° 5331 99 Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). El BOE lo llama "Jefe de Brigada" traduccion literal de Brigadefuhrer (lo fue a partir de 14 de diciembre de 1940). Gruppenfuhrer since?

el 30 de noviembre de 1940, Heinrich Muller, jefe de la Gestapo, ordeno que los "rojos espanoles" de hasta cincuenta y cinco anos de edad que hubiesen trabajado para el ejercito frances fuesen enviados a campos de concentracion alemanes, fundamentalmente Auschwitz y Mathausen. Esta medida, acordada con la policia espanola, ya habia comenzado a aplicarse en agosto de 1940 y dio lugar a la detencion, la tortura y la muerte de numerosos exiliados espanoles, catalanes y vascos en campos de concentracion, asi como en campos de trabajo.

MULLER, Karl. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Engineer at munitions factory Constructora Naval de San Fernando, Cadiz.

MULLER, Karl. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Ercilla 1 , Bilbao. Born Sierning (Ostmark), 10 Aug. 1899. Passport issued Berlin 9.36. Member of NSDAP and DAF.

MULLER, Horst. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Employee of Banco Aleman, Barcelona. Born November 9, 1911 in Magdeburg, Germany. Attached to German Consulate, Barcelona. Address: Barriada de la Bonanova, Barcelona.

MULLER, J. Agent in Spanish Morocco and Tangier, l-Unclassified in OSS records.

MULLER / MUELLER, Josef. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

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MULLER, Oscar. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Continental Fabrica Espahola de Caucho, Torrelavega (Santander). Born St. Peter/Baden, 28 Dec.1909. Passport No. M 330/36 issued Hannover 3.10.36. Member of DAF.

MULLER, Oskar Konrad Philipp. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1 946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Martin. DOB. Haart, 23 March, 1879. Wife: Elena.

MULLER / MUELLER, Pankraz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

MULLER / MUELLER, Paul. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

MULLER, Reinhard. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Martin. DOB. Obermoschel, 7 April, 1901. A-933.

MULLER / MULLER / MUELLER, Sven von. Dr. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Hamburges Fremdenblatt.

MULLER / MUELLER, Rudolf. Dr. Military auditor. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

MULLER / MUELLER, Walter. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

MULLER-BERGH, Alfred. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Calle 5, Las Arenas, Vizcaya (Apartado 607, Bilbao) and Aguirre 12, Bilbao. On Proclaimed List. Chemical engineer and owner of firm Alfredo Muller-Bergh Maquinaria Industrial S.L. Represented several German firms. Born Koln-Lindenthal, 25 Nov. 1908. Passport No. 8623 issued Madrid 24.4.36. Member of DAF.

MULLER-BERGH, Alfred. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Aguirre 12, Bilbao. Born Lindlar, 5 Dec. 1876. Passport No. 35/38 issued Bilbao 23.6.38. Member of NSDAP.

MULLER-BRACUM, Karl Franz. German agent classified A. Listed as A244 In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Employed by Bayer Co. Address: Balmes 299, 3°, 2 a, Barcelona.

MULLER-THYSSEN, Alfred Paul Erich. Internee at Civilian Internment Camp N° 76, Asperg. Interrogated June 25, 1946. Brother of Walter MULLER-THYSSEN. Alfred claimed that his brother Walter was not the owner but the manager of the firm Walter Muller & Co. in

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San Sebastian. The firm allegedly belonged to Tassara i Veltran, S. A (i.e. Tassara i Beltran, S. A ), Calle San Martin in San Sebastian.

MULLER-THYSSEN, Walter. Businessman. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Address: Amorabieta, Villa Rosina, Apartado 133. San Sebastian. Still in Spain in June 1946, fighting his repatriation in some documents but repatriated by air from Spain to Stuttgart in May 10 1946 in another ones. Arrived Germany from Spain May 12, 1946. Born in 1903. Address in Germany: Landhause Leu, Murnau, Oberbayern. Proprietor of Cia Mercantil, San Sebastian. Connected to Otto GRAEBNER (see Alois MIEDL) and other art looters. See communications intercepted from Boerrenberg Hidalgostahl Gummersbach to Muelleros, Pasajes Reis, San Sebastian : "Please wire collect immediately whereabouts of goods" (January 25 1945).

MUND, Johannes. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

MUNDLER/ MUENDLER, Anneliese. Dr. Journalist. In Propaganda NSDAP. Married Marie-Ad. August Ferdinand / Fernando JUNGEBLODT SCHMIT. Born 6 January 1915 in Dresde. Died in Engen, Germany, 5 February 1999. Buried in Duchtlingen / Hilzingen Cemetery. Evangelic Church. Adopted Luxemburg citizenship in 18 August, 1953. Included in Names definitely agreed upon by British and Americans for inclusion in the list of 1 75 candidates for repatriation, dated 16 January, 1947.

MUNDZUNE, Otto (probably misspelled for Otto MUNDT ZUNE). Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Technician. Born about 1900. Madrid.

MUNOZ-VARGAS Y HERREROS DE TEJADA, Enrique. Conde de BULNES from 1976. Commercial attache to Spanish Embassy in Buenos Aires (BOE, 16 June, 1943). From Records of the External Assets Investigation Section of the Property Division, OMGUS, 1945-1949: Jurges HEYNRICH.

"Dr. MEYNEN, who is today living in Portugal (added: where he originaly went) on orders of the German Foreign Office, was given the task of quietly smuggling Nazi property held in Spain and Portugal out of Portugal into Argentina. This task he performed in collaboration with the last naval attache of the German Embassy in Spain, Captain Kurt MEYER- DORNER, with the added assistance of some Spanish helpers, to whom I shall refer in more detail later.

In his secret report to the German Foreign Office dated January 1943 Dr. MEYNEN already spoke of enormous sums which were smuggled through certain channels into Argentina. One of these channels involved the Spanish Embassy at Buenos Aires. The smuggling was organised by the Spaniard Enrique MUNOZ VARGAS, son of the Spanish ambassador to Argentina, Conde de BULNES.

This smuggling route was being used with particular frequency by General Wilhelm FAUPEL, President of the Ibero-Amerikanisches Institut, Berlin, during most of the war, for getting property from Germany via Spain into Argentina, by making use of the Spanish Cabo and Monte ships. The following two facts will prove that this smuggling flourished even before the U.S. entered the war, and continued for a long time after the collapse of the HITLER regime In Germany:

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On the 9th of October 1 941, the author of this report personally watched the unloading of two large trucks (belonging to the firm Thyssen-Lametal) from the Spanish vessel Cabo de Buena Esperanza, both loaded with Persian carpets, as well as several large boxes. These were brought by German Nazis, accompanied by Argentine customs officials, from the harbor to the hotel Viena in Lavalle street. The owner of this hotel, Willi SCHECKENBACH, was one of the most active Nazi agents in Argentina and a confidential man-of-business for the German Embassy.

Seven months after the end of the war, 9 December 1945, the above mentioned Spanish vessel again sailed into the harbor of Buenos Aires. On board was Mr. Enrique Munoz Vargas, back from a "private" trip to Spain and Portugal. Upon his arrival he was welcomed by Colonel Artur BRINKMANN, of the Argentine Army, as well as by Mr. Hjalmar SCHACHT's confidential agent in South America, Mr. Heinrich DORGE, to whom VARGAS delivered one large and two middle-sized trunks, as well as two small but heavy boxes. This luggage was loaded on a military truck which stood ready at the quay. The front seat was occupied by the former director of the Banco Aleman Transatlantico in Buenos Aires. Mr. Alfred HERRMANN. It was impossible to find out where he took the load. The mere presence of DORGE and HERRMANN, however, precludes all doubts as to the particular importance or value of the smuggled contents of the luggage. The presence of Colonel BRINKMANN was explained by the fact that as early as March 1944, immediately after the overthrow of the RAMIREZ Government, he was given a special order by President PERON to provide military protection for the Nazi smuggling of property.

Up to June 1944 it was repeatedly noticed that Enrique MUNOZ VARGAS, sometimes accompanied by high officials of the German Embassy at Buenos Aires (e.g. the Prince Stephen zu SCHAUMBURG-LIPPE, Wilhelm von POCHHAMMER, Bernhard von WOLFERSDORFF), went on board Spanish vessels in the Buenos Aires harbor to pick up smuggled items which had been brought over. These were then taken to the Spanish Embassy (in the Embassy's car bearing the insignia of the Diplomatic Corps). After nightfall it was taken through the garden of the Embassy to Dr. Erich Otto MEYNEN's house (2848 Rufino de Elizalde Street), which is located not far away, in rear of the Embassy.

To complete the picture I must insert here the following confidential information which I received, while in Internment Camp 76, from a former high official of the German Embassy in Madrid. I was unable, however, to verify the correctness of this information myself or through other persons; therefore it is offered for what it may be worth. According to this information, General FAUPEL, Captain MEYER-DORNER. and, later on, Dr. HEYNEN, used a house at 63 Goya street, Madrid, as headquarters. The owners or occupants of this house, known to the informant only by the names of Don Manuel and Don Martin are reported to have taken an active part in the smuggling of property by the Nazis, and to have made extended trips to South America.

To this story, I am able to add that, according to a report from Buenos Aires, which I received in Montevideo in April 1944, the arch Nazi, Ludwig FREUDE, had been vesited twice by a certain Don Manuel of Spain. I don't know whether or not this Don Manuel of Spain is the same Don Manuel who was living 63 Goya street, Madrid."

MUNOZ -VARGAS, Jose, conde de BULNES. Spanish ambassador in Buenos Aires, Argentina from 1943 to 1947. Falangist Camisa Vieja. During his period as diplomat, the Spanish Embassy apparently offered the ways and means to Nazi smuggling.

See astonishing contemporary news:

Los Judios argentinos expresan su gratitud al Gobierno del Caudillo

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Buenos Aires, 12. — El vicepresidente y el secretario de la Delegation de Asociaciones israelitas argentinas han visitado al embajador de Espana, conde de Bulnes, para expresarle su profundo agradecimiento por las humanitarias intervenciones del Gobierno espanol en

favor de los judios. Tambien manifestaron su reconocimiento por el ultimo rasgo de generosidad de Espana, al consignar un millon de Pesetas para ayuda de los sefarditas. — EFE. (La Vanguardia Espanola, 13 March 1945, p. 10)

MURECK, Herbert. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). First counsellor of German Government.

MUSIAL, Alois. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

MUSIG, Gerhard. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

MUT, Angel. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Electrical engineer. Has electrical appliance shop in Malaga.

NAEGELE, Maximo. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Technician. Works for Enrique SIEMENS. Was in German Embassy, Madrid. Address: Calle Sabino Bertholt 31, Tenerife.

NAETSCHER, Max. Director of German School, Sevilla. A-877 Official List and II Priority List. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Brought to repatriation center under police escort. DOB. Steinfeld, 13 Seotember, 1906.

NAGEL, Philip von. Freiherr. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. German with Spanish nationality. Gestapo agent. Connected with POESCHEL, DELFANNE, BRANDEL in

smuggling activities. Formerly in France. Owner of yacht export business. San Sebastian. Born about 1905.

NAGLER, Paul. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Consular secretary.

NAMYSLACK, Karl Bernhard Wilhelm Paul. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 25/5/1910 in Wisma. Address in Germany, 1946: Lubeck, Lubecker Landstr. (British zone).

NAPIERALA, Roman Bernhard. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. Polish. DOB. 3/8/1905 in Heme, Westfalen. Address in Germany, 1946: Neustr. 85, Heme, Westfalen (British zone).

NATUS, Hugo Karl. Repatriated from Spain in September 10 1946.

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NAUENDORF / NAUNDORF, Gerhard. Dr. . In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified A and ll-B in OSS records. Scientist and Professor. Born April 16, 1909, Hechmingen. Address: Calle Menorca 6, Madrid.

NAUCK, Gerhard. DOB July 22, 1893 in Berlin. Date and place of death unknown. Crime Director General in Reichskriminalpolizeiamt, RKPA .Section B3 (sex crimes) and VB. Nauck was " in a decisive position " in the persecution of Gypsies. In December 1943, Nauck was appointed Head of the Criminal Biological Institute of RKPA .: Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

NAUMAN / NAUMANN zu KOENIGSBRUECK, Guenther, alias KORFF- PALMSTROEM.

From CI-CIR/12, 12 January 1946. Headquarters United States Forces European Theater Military Intelligence Service Center. APO 757. Subject: Referat II KO Spanien: Hauptmann. Chief / Leiter of Referat II KO Spanien from March 1 944 to December 1 944. lives Berlin- Lichterfelde Ost, Marionstr 31. Born 1905 1.80 m, frail grey hair, blue eyes, false teeth Career: With Abwehr II as Referent for Spain, Portugal, Italy, and Tunis. Misc; Married.

Before war was on Praesidium of Naumann and Seidel A.G, Dresden. In US and Argentina for ten years prior to 1934-35 with Remington Arms. Reserve officer. Served in French and Polish campaigns. Formerly in Paris. Returnee to Berlin in early 45. Speaks English, a little Spanish

NAVAS (fnu). 1st Lt Spanish Intelligence officer in Tangier, 1941-1941. Spanish citizen 1 .60m frail brown hair brown eyes. Served in Spanish Civil war.

NEBHUTH, Albert. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

NEIGERT, Luitpold Anton Andreas. Repatriated from Spain in September 10 1946.

NEMETZ, Armand. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

NEU, Alfred. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Engineer. San Sebastian. Born about 1905.

NEUBAUER, Erwin. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

NEUBAUER, Gerhard. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 9/3/1924 in Duisburg Hamborn. Address in Germany, 1946: Alfonsstr. 7, Munchen (US zone).

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NEUBER, Baron von. German agent classified A. Listed as A246. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Living in Madrid. Fled from France August 1944. Leather business.

NEUBER von NEUBERG, Ernst Karl Johann. Charge d'affairs posed as civilian-scientist. Arrived Germany from Spain May 12, 1946. Born on 19 September 1882 in Kiel (1883 in other documents). Address in Germany: Schney, bei Lichtenfeld bei Bamberg. Internee at Camp 76. Interrogated June 25 1946. Chemist specializing in the treatment of leather. Up to August 20, 1944 worked in Southern France. Then he took refuge in Spain. Connected with JUHNKE, LIPPERHEIDE, SCHWEDKE / SCHWAEDKE and the Union Quimica del Norte de Espaha. Address in Germany in Schney near Bamberg (American Zone).

From: U.S. Army. European Command. Intelligence Division, Wartime activities of the German diplomatic and military services during World War II, November 18, 1949: "Subject was a former intelligence agent. He was named on the first priority repatriation list No. 1 and was repatriated to Germany as an agent on 19 May 1946 by plane. From the files it is reported that subject was with the Otto service of the Wehrmacht which was one of the three organizations charged with German black market purchasing in France. He was also in charge of UVA (price control units of German Economic organizations in France). He had connections with the Spanish officials. Subject's lawyer is the Minister of Agriculture and PRIMO DE RIVERA'S nephew. It is also reported that the was mixed up with a very shabby criminal case. Subject was released to Schneidt bei Lichtenfeld, near Bamberg.

NEUBERT, Georg. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Rosenfeld, 21 March, 1918.

NEUDORFER, Comdr. German agent classified l-A in OSS records. One of the commanders of a group of Dorniers of the Condor Legion.

NEUMAIER, G. Agent in Spanish Morocco and Tangier, l-Unclassified in OSS records.

NEUMANN, Hans. German formerly employed as technician by the Spanish Government.Listed for departure on SS Marine Marlin, scheduled to leave the Port of Bilbao about Agust 31, 1 946. A-1 004 and IV Priority List.

NEUMANN Harry Heinz. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 16/2/1890 in Brandenburg Havel.

NEUMANN, Heinrich. Oberstarzt. Born 17 February 1908 in Steglitz, Germany. Voluntary in Legion Condor in Spain from 1936 till 1938. He was posted to Sevilla, Avila, Escalona, Almorox, Vitoria, Santander, Llanes, Leon, El Burgo de Osma and Salamanca. Decorated by Franco: Medalla de la Campaha de Espaha.

NEUSCHWANDER GUETING, Pablo. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Apartado 67, Eibar. Married to Swiss citizen. On Proclaimed List. Commercial agent and part-time accountatnt for Fabrica de Armas Star and believed to own stock in company.

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NEUSER, Ernst. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

NEUTE, Friedrich. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

NEVEBRECHER, Col. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Luftwaffe officer of local air force. Canary Islands.

NICHTE, Paul. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

NICKEL, Victor. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. B-313 on Agents' List and III Priority List. Agent classified l-B and lll-B in OSS records. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Brought to repatriation center under police escort. Report from the British dated 24 August, 1944 indicated that NICKEL entered Spain on 20 August, 1944. Believed to have been an active, dangerous agent in Southern France since 1 940. The French primer reported one NICKEL, fnu. to be a probable member of the Abtelung IVB of S/po and SD in Toulouse. DOB. Elbing, 6 January 1904. Under cover job ofteacher of German. Address: Larramendi 17, San Sebastian.

NICKERT, George. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. E-129 Official List. DOB. Oler-Feutz, 27 October, 1916. According to report from Barcelona Consulate NICKERT's real name is George MOUGIN, Gestapo agent; blackmailer and thief in France.

Subject entered the Gerona prison on the 6th of June 1944, claiming to have escaped from France and offering his services to the Allied Governments. While in Gerona prison he was visited by CAMILLE of the Free French Mission of Barcelona, who reportedly is said to have asked NICKERT where he had hidden certain documents relating to the plant for a German retreat from Southern France. NICKERT claimed upon registering at the repatriation center to be an Alsatian; former soldier in the French Army, later made prisoner by the Germans and then reincorporated into the German Army. He says he escaped into Spain at the first opportunity. NICKERT was very uncooperative and antagonistic and should be treated with care. (The French Consul in Bilbao visited the repatriation center and advised that he had seen NICKERT's French documentatian which he believed to be authentic, but indicated that he thought that NICKERT should be repatriated.) Brought to repatriation center under police escort.

NIEGEMANN, Philipp. Representative. Zorrozaurre, 3, Deusto-Bilbao. Born at Giessen, Wiesbaden; on 15 Aug. 1905. Passport No. 13/37 issued at Bilbao on 17.9.37. Member of DAF.

NIEKERK van, Abraham. Repatriated from Bilbao.

NIEMANN, Edmund / Edmond alias Pablo GARCIA GARCIA, alias NEMO. German agent classified B. Listed as A249. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from

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Spain. Repatriated from Madrid by army airtransport on 23 August 1946. One of the 19 most important cases to be repatriated from Spain. Born July 1, 1891 in Charlottenburg, Berlin, Germany. Married to Kathe HEIMARUS. Three children in 1946: two boys born in 1922 and 1924 and a daughter born in 1921. She is employed in German Embassy and listed as B- 314. NIEMANN was last in Germany in August 1938. He was allegedly connected with the assasination in 1922 of Walter RATHENAU, who was the Foreign Minister in the Ebert Government.

Information from the office of Attache D. P. Medalie: Born January 16, 1886. Employee of Woermann Linie, Ltd. in Las Palmas and representative of a German typewriter firm, this commercial connections being used as cover for his espionage activities. Letter Stelle (Head Office) Las Palmas K.O Spain from at least 1941 and probably from about 1939, until at least May 1945. Controlled a large network of agents in the Canary Islands, Spanish Morocco, French Morocco, Ifni and Rio de Oro, which agents engaged in military and maritime espionage, supplied German submarines, fomented rebellion in Allied territories in N.W. Africa ans supplied the native rebels with arms and munitions, sabotaged Allied shipping and land installations, operated W/T stations for communication with Germany, penetrated Spanish civil and military organizations and exploted them for the transmission of intelligence, and exploted Spanish civil and military transportation facilities for espionage purposes. Often visited Spain, Spanish Morocco, Ifni and Rio de Oro and French West Africa. Salary from Abwehr about 1 .500 $ a year. Reported to be an expert on Moorish affairs and to have spent years in Spanish Morocco and the Sahara as a trader. Served in Africa during WWI. Joined NSDAP in Germany in 1934. Reported to have been sent by the German IS, about 1935, to Rio de Oro, where he taught English and German and also sold clocks and radios until 1939, when he settled in Las Palmas. Height 5'10" (178 cm). Very heavy strong build, bullet shaped head, grey white hair, blue eyes with reddened eyelids, large hairy ears, large nose, receding chin. Sometimes wears spectables and Arab costumes. Stiff maner. Passpor N° 127-R/1 255/37 issued Berlin, December 18, 1937. Address: (1944) a villa outside Las Palmas, about 150 yards from the Hotel Bella Vista and Calle Becquer, Ciudad Jardin, Las Palmas. Las address in Germany: Desterpfad 10, Berlin- Zehlendorf.

NIEPEL, Rudolf. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

NIESSEN KOTTERHEIDE, Arnold. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Maria de Molina 16, Madrid. Former chief od mining section of Sofindus. Leader of wolfram campaign in Spain. Recommended for inclusion on high Priority List.

NIETSCHKE / NITSCHKE, Werner. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Germersdorf, 7 September, 1921.

NITSCHKE, Willi. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

NOE, Eduard. German consul in Granada. He spied and denounced to Gestapo all germans or jews suspected of being antinazis. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

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NOELL, Heinrich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

NOETHLING, Werner, Dr. . Intelligence agent in Spanish Morocco, Tetuan & Ceuta. Classified ll-B in OSS records. Chemist.

NOKERK, Abraham von. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Breslau, 29 January, 1923.

NOLDING / NOELDING. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Radio expert in Madrid.

NOLKE / NOELKE, Franz Wilhelm. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Gelsenkirchen, 14 October, 1904.

NOLTE, Ernst. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Erhardt & Cia. Henao21,2° dcha., Bilbao. Born Mainz, 2 Jan. 1896. Passport No. 55/38 issued Bilbao 28.7.38. Member of DAF.

NOLTE, Georg. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Representative. Los Heros, 1; pral., izq. Bilbao. Born at Mainz on 10 May 1899. Passport No. 79/36 issued at Bilbao on 18.7.36. Member of DAF.

NOLTENSMEIER, Alfred Oskar. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 31/3/1923 in Kellinghausen Holstein. Address in Germany, 1946: Dreckmannstr. 23, Hamburg 6 (British zone).

NONNENBROICH, Wilhelm. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Consular employee in Sevilla. A-878 Official List. DOB. Hitzdorf, 18 August, 1916.

NORATH. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Address: Calle San Eduardo 27-31 , Barcelona.

NORDHAUS, Walter Heinrich. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 25/3/1914 in Gelsenkirchen. Address in Germany, 1946: Frankenhof 26, Gelsenkirchen (British zone).

NORGET, Hans Ludwig. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. In Marine Perch file. German. DOB. 8/7/1900 in Kaiserwerth am Rhein. Consular secretary. Address in Germany, 1946: Bogenstr. 5, Bergkamen bei Dortmund (British zone). One son: Hans Giinther, born 30/4/1928

NORTH, Ludwig. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Geologist. Born abot 1900.

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NORTHOLT, Alfred. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Engineer. Bilbao. Born about 1895.

NOSTITZ, Heinrich. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ). Formerly first secretary at German Embassy in Washington.

NOTBOHM, Heinrich. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Representative. Born at Alfeld/Leine on 8 January 1903. Address: Z. Zt. D. Clio 1 ( 1 address or street unknown), Bilbao. Passport No. 21/36 issued at Alfeld/Leine on 23.4.36. Member of NSDAP, NSKK, A/SVand DAF.

NOWAK Paul Arnold. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 25/5/1920 in M. Gladbach. Address in Germany, 1946: Militaerstr. 92, Stuttgart (US zone).

NOWAK, Kurt. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Berlin-Neukoln, 4 January, 1907.

NUTZ, Max. Included in Names definitely agreed upon by British and Americans for inclusion in the list of 1 75 candidates for repatriation, dated 1 6 January, 1 947. W/T. Alicante. Agent working for l-M, KO Spanien, Alicante (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain).

OBORIL / OBERAL, Anton / Antonio. German agent classified B. Listed as A249. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. In Barcelona, but formerly in Sevilla. Repatriated from Spain by air (dates from January 29 to February 25, 1946). Po. No. 0782. Mentioned as interned in Camp 76, Asperg on March 27, 1946. With camouflage firm: From: U.S. Army. European Command. Intelligence Division, Wartime activities of the German diplomatic and military services during World War II, November 18, 1949: "Teletype Operator. Born on 22 July 1911 in Vienna. From 1938 to 1939 subject was with the Legion Condor \v\ Spain and from 1944 to 1946 with the Bureau Plankert as a teletype operator. Subject released to Vienna.

In his MGAX declaration to MEWFO(Economic Warfare Department of the Foreign Office), 1946, OBORIL listed two accounts with a minimum cash balance and no property or assets (General Records Pertaining to External Assets Investigations, compiled 1948 - 1950, documenting the period 1939 - 1950 Category: Spain (Interrogations)) but in 1947, once returned to Spain, he founded a firm in Barcelona, Audisord, (import of German hearing aids).

Mentioned by Hans BRANDES as PAUL'S goon (OMGUS, External Assets Investigation Unit, Abwehr):

"I should like to add that Mr. PAUL lately addressed to me some letters In which he tried by way of extortion to obtain from me a certain amount of Swiss Francs. He threatened me with publications in the press concerning a "previous activity* of mine, and also with an action through the Public Prosecutor's office. I left all these letters unanswered. Some 5 or 6 weeks

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ago, a confidential man of Mr. PAUL 's named OBORIL, an Austrian national, made his appearance coming from London and allegedly working with British Military Government. He brought me a proposition by Mr. PAUL according to which I was to pay him (OBORIL) a certain amount of DM so that the 100,000 Pesetas matter be liquidated. I rejected this demand. Mr. OBORIL told me that Mr. PAUL is active in the British Secret Service in Spain and that he has far reaching connections in London which were liable to bring severe damage to me. This was his last threat which I left also unheeded.

I did not inform Mr. PAUL or Mr. OBORIL of the transaction in Lisbon 1945, as to my mind a return of Official or State's moneys was involved which were no longer Mr. PAUL 's nor Mr. OBORIL's business. Wiesbaden, the 26th of April 1949.

In conection with Ludwig LOSBICHLER, art looter and Gestapo agent, who gave his name and address as contact in Barcelona in 1956. See documents and study in Eliah Meyer. Ludwig Losbichler: marchante de arte y agente de la Gestapo I and //.

OBERHAUSER, Herbert Josef. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 17/3/1925 in Schiffweiler Saar. Address in Germany, 1946: Schiffweilerstr. 33, Stennweiler/Saar.

OBERHEIDT, Wilhelm. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugoy las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Counsellor.

OBERMUELLER, Ivo, Korv. Kapt alias OPITZ. Referat I, IM, KO Spanien as of February 1945. German agent classified A. Listed as A250. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Still In Spain in December 19 1946. In files of the Office of Political Affairs, American Embassy, Madrid.

From: U.S. Army. European Command. Intelligence Division, Wartime activities of the German diplomatic and military services during World War II, November 18, 1949: " Intelligence Agent. Subject was an executive in the Naval Espionage Department, KOSP. Also in France. During 1 943 and 1 944 he was assistant to the chief of Naval Espionage Department, KOSP, BALZER. After June 1944 he succeeded BALZER. He was last seen in Madrid in October 1 944. Included in Names definitely agreed upon by British and Americans for inclusion in the list of 1 75

candidates for repatriation, dated 16 January, 1947. Last address known: Belalcazar 6, Madrid.

OBIJOU, Wilhelm. Labor Front liaison. Member NSDAP working for Banco Aleman Trasatlantico.

OCHSENDORF, Karl. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

OELZE, Erich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

OEMISCH, Arthur. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

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OESCH, Ernst. German agent classified B. Listed as A251. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Represents firm of Renschausen in Tetuan. Address: calle Generl Franco 26, Tetuan.

OETTLIN, Fritz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

OFFERMANN, Hans. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

OGGERIN, Juan Antonio H. Information from Finance Division, Hamburg, January 4, 1946: "Is a pro-German Spanish national (error: he was German) and the son-in-law of the Spanish minister NAVARRO DE LA PENA (error by PENA NAVARRO). It was to be his job to interest the Spanish government in the products of the company (Medivete) and he was alloted 40% of the net profit, although no capital was invested by him. This 40% profit was to be paid to him at the expense of HOFMANN who could have claimed 80% according to his capital investment. The distribution of profit was therefore to be as follow: 40% HOFMANN, 40% OGGERIN, 20% DOEBLER (Marienfelde). Chemische Fabrik Marienfelde G.m.b.H. was to receive 5% of the total turnover in exchange for the right to manufacture their products. These payments were to be charged against general expenditure." Tha capital was sent by Chemische Fabrik Marienfelde G.m.b.H. to Spain by air in the form of 50 Kg of D- Vitamins. Dr. SCHWENZNER acted in an advisort capacity.

Connected with SERRANO SUNER, Esteban BILBAO (Spanish Ministry of Justice), IBANEZ MARTIN, Teniente General JORDANA, HEBERLEIT, Dr. von STOHRER, BERNARD, WILNER, MARTINEZ VELEZ.

OEHLER, Heinz Arthur. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Consular employee in Sevilla. A-880 Official List. DOB. Crimmitschau, 30, September, 1914.

OEHRL, Arnold. Kptn. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1 941 ).

OHLENROTH. Sonderfuehrer. I-M, KO Spanien, Ceuta (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's

report on l-M Spain).

OHNMACHT, Alois. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

OLIJ HOTTENTOT, Jan. "Nacido en agosto de 1920 en Landsmeer, Holanda, Olij se alisto en las Waffen SS y participo en la matanza de judios en Rusia. Esto, y su ulterior actividad como miembro de la policia de ocupacion, llevaron a que fuera condenado en ausencia a veinte anos de prision en julio de 1949 por los holandeses. En diciembre de 1988, los Paises Bajos solicitaron infructuosamente la extradicion de Olij. Llegado a la Argentina desde Espana el 20 de mayo de 1949, Olij se hizo acreedor de la Cedula de Identidad N° 3.407.422, expedida por la Policia Federal, residiendo en Deseado 5571, Isidro Casanova,

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en el momento de su detencion provisoria". (Informe Final CEANA, Comision para el Esclarecimiento de las Actividades del Nazismo en la Republica Argentina)

ONDERKA, Herbert. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 10/11/1916 in Guttstadt Ostpreusen. Address in Germany, 1946: Reichenbach a. d. Fils, bei Otto FISCHER

OPGEN-RHEIN, Hermann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

OPITZ, Erich. German agent classified A. Listed as A252. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Address: Villa Leon 1, Algeciras (1942). I-M, KO Spanien, Algeciras (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain).

OPITZ, Franz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

OPPELN-BRONIKOWSKI, Bernhard von. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

ORLOFF, Alexis: Russian (White) reported to have been in German military service, later transferred to France where he worked with Hans HEINEMANN in the German information service against French resistance forces and the western Allies. Came to Spain with HEINEMANN when the Germans retreated and continued to work for the German I.S. in Spain. Poses as a White Russian to the Spanish police and has secured their protection. Very disagreeable and uncooperative. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Brought to repatriation center under police escort. B-321 Agents' List, and III Priority List. DOB. Wladimir, 23 August, 1917.

OROESCH, Julius Georg. Repatriated from Spain in September 10 1946.

ORTEGA, Julio. Lt Col. From Records of the American Commission for the Protection and Salvage of Artistic and Historic Monuments in War Areas, 1943-1946. Subject File: Menten. (Attachement 2, dated 13 February 1945: Report on looted Works of Art in Spa/n-MIEDL Case):

"Spaniard, comandante of frontier at Irun, (mistakenly reported as a general), reported to play with both sides during war, works with Alfredo GENSEROWSKY. The Germans had an office in his building with a direct telephone line to France".

ORTNER, Georg. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

ORTZEN / OERTZEN, Irene von. Baroness. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21 , 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. B-318 and IV Priority List. . First priority to be interrogated.

From the office of Attache D.P. Medalie. February 8, 1944:

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Subject is involved in the Countess LAMSDORFF case. Lives in Madrid. She works for a Japanese newspaper in the afternoons; seems so enthusiastic that she is going to study Japanese. She is a very good friend of Jose MIERA, who was head of the Spanish workers in Germany; also a friend of CRON, Minister of Labor. MIERA brought subject to Spain and introduced her to his friends here. Subject told source that an American called METZ and his wife, Princess of CROY (German) are her best friends. She has said, in granting permission to remain in Spain, that the Germans wanted her for espionage work, but claims to have refused. She is keeping Countess LAMSDORFF's clothes for her but claims to be convinced that the Countess is an Allied spy. Now subject is having an affair with a monarchist aviator, LEZAMA, who lives next door to her.

From a reliable source, March 23, 1944: At present works from 7 to 8 PM , translating at Spanish Ministry of Education. Subject told informant that her real fiance was a German born in Hamburg who is now in Lisbon. This man went to Lisbon and will inherit an English earldom after the war, according to subject, informant thinks it may be John JEPSEN. All subject's friends seem to be in the Spanish Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

From a reliable source, March 25, 1944: Obviously working for German IS. Tried to pull wool by saying that the German Embassy had requested her to leave Spain, and also that she wanted to become Spanish and break with German Embassy. Subject says she gets 2,000 Pesetas a month from the Hamburg German in Lisbon. (John JEPSEN).

From Embassy. Lisbon June 19,1944: JEPSEN is said to be a fairly important Gestapo agent and the money he sends subject is presumably for work in his behalf.

From reliable source, July 12, 1944: Sunject has left the hotel Ram and gone to live in the apartment of J.M. GARCIA BRIZ. Source says real reason behind her leaving the Ham is that she had heard of German women and children being repatriated. and as she did not wish to return to Germany, thought it better to go into hiding, she left a huge bill unpaid in the Ram.

From same source July 24. 1944: GARCIA BRIZ had a meeting with the Gestapo chief in the German Embassy here to disccuss subject's remaining in Spain. Gestapo man said subject had to return to Germany and had to stop seeing source as she was American, The Gestapo chief is going to GARCIA BRIZ' apartment to make subject sign a paper for visa to leave Spain for Germany but Argentine Consul said he would give subject a visa for Argentina. Gestapo consider subject dangerous as they have given her until the 24th to decide.

From the same source, August 8, 1944: Roman BLANES has given subject 4,500 Pesetas for her bill at the Ram, is making her his "secretary" and is paying for her vacation in Malaga. The Bolivian passport BLANES offered her is out because someone told him she was not the type to be given such passport. Subject still living with GARCIA BRIZ and will go to Malaga when he goes to Argentina. Both the German Embassy and Consulate have told the Ram bill collector that they have no record of Irene.

From a source considered reliable, May 9, 1945: Vittorio LIEBMAN is subjects lover and has promised to get her a visa for Italy.

Spanish Primer from the office of Attache D.P. Medalie:

German: born in Rostock, February 13, 1923. Arrived in Madrid from Berlin probably in the autumn of 1943. Reported in January 1944 to be employed as a secretary at the Manchukuoan Legation in Madrid, and to translate documents from German into French for Kuninosuki MATSUO of the Japanese IS. In that same month she was planning to visit the Italian Gonsuls at Barcelona, Valencia, Sevilla, Cadiz and Jerez , and was also reported to have been requested by Eugenio MORREALE to organize an Italian fascist Intelligence

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Service in Portugal, but apparently neither of these projects materialized. Reported in August 1944 to be working in Madrid for the German IS, and to have been ordered to return to Germany by Heinz SINGER of the S/po and SD, but this order was apparently cancelled or postponed through the intercession of her lover, Jose GARCIA BRIZ, with whom she lived. Posed as pro-Ally. Tall, rather plump figure , fair hair, well dressed. Address in Aug. 1944: Calle Nicasio Gallego 4, Madrid (tel: 32654).

OSTEN, Hans Georg von der. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

OSTERLOH, Friedrich. Repatriated from Bilbao.

OSTERLOH, Dietrich Wilhelm. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Martin. DOB. Burg, 9 February, 1905. A-934.

OTLET / OTELET, Adrien / Adrian. Madrid and San Sebastian. Belgian partner of KONINCKX. On Black List. Acted as DUVAL's intermediary in selling French pictures (a NATTIER, two GAUGIN and others). From Information of OSS, Art Unit, dated 20 August, 1945, Individuals involved in suspicious Art activities, Iberian Peninsula: "Belgian smuggler and black market operator. On the Proclaimed List. Reported to have stolen works of art from France."

From Roberts Commission, Subject file: Menten:

"Subject is married to a Frenchwomen from Biarritz. KOKINECKX (see MIEDL dossier) considered subject his best friend, but maintained they had no business dealings. Subject is reported by Belgian source to be founder of the firm Ximex, Plaza de las Cortes 4, Madrid, and Avenida del Gen. Franco, 32, San Sebastian. Company handles exchange of goods on a compensation basis between Belgium and the Iberian Peninsula, and appears to be connected, in some manner not yet clear, with the firm Cosmos of which Hans ROHRBACH is director general. Subject wes introduced to ROHRBACH by KONINECKX. Subject and the firm Ximex are both on the Black List, but British report of 14 October 1944 states that he has recently been awarded food supply contract by the French Govt,, Commercial Section for fruits and provisions to the amount or five million Pesetas. British investigating. Connected with ROHRBACH, BAUER, KONINCKX, MIEDL, and DUVAL.

OTZOUP de SANDER, Sergio / OTSUP Russian origin. In Spain during Civil War. Adquired Spanish Nationality (d. u.). Connected with THEER and Norbert GLASER. In film trade (?).

DECRETO de 17 de mayo de 1940 por el que se concede la. nacionalidad espanola a don Sergio OTZOUP de SANDER ruso apatrida.

A propuesta del Ministro de la Gobernacidn y previa deliberacion del Consejo de Ministros,, DISPONGO:

Articulo primero.-Se concede la nacionalidad espanola a don Sergio OTZOUP de SANDER, ruso apatrida. (...)

Asi to dispongo por elpresente Decreto. dado en Madrid a diecisiete de mayo de mil

novecientos cuarenta.

Francisco FRANCO

El Ministro de la. Gobernacidn.

Ramon SERRANO SUNER (BOE, 26 mayo 1940)

OTT, Alois. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

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OTT, Hans. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. Craft administrator of the DAF in Spain. Has auto repair shop in Madrid.

OTTERBACH (misspelled OTTERBAN), Karl Leonhard alias OTTERBACH, Carlos / Karl.

German agent classified A. Listed as A253 and B-323 in II Priority List. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Repatriated from Madrid by army airtransport on 23 August 1946. Born about 1892. Since 1910 in France and Spain. NSDAP member since 1937. Businessman. Worked for Prima S. A. Barcelona. Connected with MEYWALD, MOSIG, SCHNEEMANN, ZIEGRA, SINGER and THOMSEN.

Information furnished by the office of Attache D.P. Medalie: German. BornLudwigsburg (Wuerttemberg), July 5, 1892. Partner or employee of the refrigerating machinery firm Prima S. A. (misspelled Friha) in Barcelona, where he has lived since 1941. Reported in 1944 to be engaged in the procurement of currency to finance the German IS. Also reported to have been responsible for the cancellation of orders for the expulsion of several German agents. Reported in February 1945 to be working for Friedrich RUEGGEBERG and Walter LEUTNER HASS. Served in FRANCO'S headquarters at Burgos during the Spanish Civil War. Member of the Deutsche Arbeitsfront and honorary member of NSDAP. Married. Twin sons (both in the Hitlerjugend), born in 1916, who were reported to have been called up for military service in Germany but who were still in Barcelona in March 1945. Subject and his family leaded a very good and expensive life. Spent lavishly and travelled frequently. Passport N° 2055/42 issued Barcelona. Address: (1945, office) Via Layetana 28, Barcelona (tel. 25706); (Nov. 1944, private) Calle Rubens 14, Barcelona (tel. 80821).

A reliable report dated August 7, 1944: On JUly 31, subject was seen in company of CALPE, high official of Italian Insurance Co., and very pro-Nazi. Five Germans visited him on August 12. Since invasion of France by Allies, subject seemed not so active. He used taxi or Metro to Plaza de Lesseps where a blue car waited for him. He got aout at Vallcarca bridge.

According to the same source, September 22, 1944, subject's wife said that he made frequent trips to border to pick up German soldiers who had entered clandestinely in Spain. On September 29, 1944, source reported subject had left Barcelona on September 7 and returned September 16, having been to Madrid, Sevilla and Malaga. Part of the trip was made by air. Subject expected to be reassigned to another locality, possibly Portugal. On November 17, 1944 source repoted that subject continued to present himself at German Consulate every day for orders.

Subject was part owner of Impex S.A, a branch of Hamburg firm.

OTTO, Reinhold. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Cadiz. Sonderfuehrer. working l-M, KO Spanien,Sev\\\a .(named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain).

OTTO, Walter. Hauptamtsleiter. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

OVERGRAND, Jimmy. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 5/8/1881 in Niederwuste Giersdorf Schl. Address in Germany, 1946: Haltenhofstr. 2, Hannover (British zone).

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OXE, Peter. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Martin. DOB.. DOB. 1 March, 1913. A-1023.

PABEL, Walter. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

PABST, Ruth. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. German Embassy employee. A-393 Official List. Member of a group of German women who entered Spain on 21 August 1944 on a collective passport. 10 September 1924.

PAEGE, Hermann. Representative. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

PAEGE, Wilhelm. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Nova, S.A. Employee. Elcano 23, Bilbao. Born Barcelona 10 Oct. 1911. Passport No. 102 R. 1232/ 36 issued Berlin 15.9.36.

PAHL, Erna. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. Administrator of the Spanish group of women of the DAF in Spain. Sister of Wilhelm PAHL.

PAHL, Wilhelm Johannes, alias FERNANDO. From OMGUS, External Assets Investigation, Unit, General: Pahl, Wilhelm (Interrogation report): German. Born 5 April, 1905, son of Johannes Heinrich Otto PAHL and Helene Anna Katharina nee HOLST. Sisters: Erna PAHL and Frieda EPPERS. Wife Martha nee SELLENTIN. Children: Margit, Rosemarie and Amei. Bank manager. 1 .91 m height, slim, dark hair, face thinn, scar on right hand. Last address: Asternstrasse 31, Wandsbeck, Hamburg. Identity documents: Nil. Arrested by 30 F.S.S on 18 July 1945 at Hamburg.

Subject's antecedents.

-Apprentice at Deutsch-Sudamerikanische Bank 1922-1924. Head of the Commercial Department at Anglo-South-American Bank, Hamburg from 1925 till 1936. Employee at Deutsche Bank, Hamburg 1936-1938.

- In April 1938 he emigrated to Spain in order to work for Compahia Vasco-Africana Ltd., Madrid and San Sebastian.

- In January 1939 he became Administrative Manager of Vasco-Africana at Kogo, Spanish Guinea, there he remained until September 1941 when he fell sick and returned to France by plane.

- The German authorities returned him to Hamburg, where he reported to the Bank der Deutschen Arbeit.

- In January 1942 he was first sent to Brussels where he remained for one month and then to Antwerp by the Bank der Deutschen Arbeit in order to work as a manager at the Antwerp and Brussels branches of Westbank which was sponsored by the Bank der Deutschen Arbeit.

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- PAHL remained in Antwerp until the German retreat in September 1944, when he returned first to Cologne and after 10 days to Hamburg,

- In December 1 944 he was called up and joined an Interpreter company of Werhkreis X, Hamburg, to which he belonged to surrender of Hamburg on 3 May 1945.

Connection with Ast. X.

- When subject returned to Hamburg from Spanish Guinea via Marseille in September 1942 he was contacted by a representative of the Ruckwanderer Amt, Herr GOPPELT, who was an official of NSDAP.

- GOPPELT introduced PAHL at the Beginning of October 1 941 (sic) to a member of the Abwehr Ast Bremen with the name of Regierungsrat FRISCHMUTH who requested from PAHL a detailed report on conditions in Spanish Guinea and observations he had made during his journey via Cotenou, French Daome, Gao-Sahara and Algiers.

- PAHL submitted a detailed written report to FRISCHMUTH giving information on economical, political and military observations. PAHL received from FRISCHMUTH 300 Marks as payment for his report.

- PAHL turned to the manager of the Bank der Deutschen Arbeit, GRAMKE, for

employment and was accepted as manager of Westbank, which was sponsored by BDDA.

- In December 1941, PAHL passed a superficial training as Bank manager at BDDA in Hamburg. At that time he was granted exemption from military service through GRAMKE who had informed Major PIEPER of PAHL's subsequent employment in Belgium.

- GRAMKE introduced PAHL to Major PIEPER who gave his name as Dr. FRITZ. Fraulein LEWERENZ, GRAMKE's secretary, told PAHL that this was merely a cover name for Major PIEPER. Fraulein LEWERENZ knew this because of GRAMKE's relations to the Abwehr and SD.

- PIEPER requested PAHL to look out for potential Abwehr agents during his work in Belgium. These were to be used as informants and W/T operators. PAHL agreed.

Agents recruited

Jose TUERO DE CASTRO (see TUERO DE CASTRO, Jose) Hans ROHRBACH (see ROHRBACH, Hans)

Pablo MITJANS DE CASTANY (see MITJANS DE CASTANY, Pablo)

- PAHL's second and last journey to Spain took place in February 1944. He spent three weeks in Spain on a holiday. On his return, he summited PIEPER another report on the economical and political position in Spain etc.

Secret account.

In July 1942 GRAMKE requested PAHL to open a secret account in PAHL's name from which Abwehr agents should be paid.

PIEPER would credit this account with a monthly sum of Bfrs. 1 0,000.

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All correspondance between PAHL and PIEPER was to go via GRAMKE. In June 1943 PIEPER informed PAHL that he could be contacted through an employee of Dr. KOCH by the name of Joseph MEYER, who, together with SERRIEN was in W/T communication with PIEPER.

PIEPER instructed PAHL to pay in Bfrs. to the u/m out of the secret Abwehr account:

- Obit. SAUBER, cover name KOHLEMANN, Abwehr Antwerp, Hotel Century.

- Engineer WEIN. W/T fitter, Antwerp, Hotel Century.

- Joseph MEYER, employee of Dr. Koch & Co., cover name JUPP, Hotel de Londres,

Antwerp.

- EDLER, employee of Dr. Koch & Co., cover name BIFFY, Hotel de Londres, Antwerp.

- SERRIEN, W/T operator, cover name SENEGAL, Antwerp. Working for Dr. Hans KOCH.

- KLAPDRUP, Belgian, employee of Dr. KOCH, Antwerp.

- Hpt. GROEGER, cover name HUTH.

- Dr. Hans KOCH, owner of the firm Hans Koch & Co., Antwerp.

- Mile. Marcelle STROOT, Brussels, Secretary of TUERO DE CASTRO. -Jose TUERO DE CASTRO

- Leutnant HOLLAUFER, of Ast Hamburg (...)

On the 26 August 1944, one week before his departure from Antwerp, PAHL handed over the remaining sum of the secret account, Bfrs. 50,000 to GROGER. PAHL has not received any money for his own benefit out of this account.

PALOWSKI, Franz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

PALT, Paul Johann. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Kattowitz, 29 June, 1922.

PANHORST, Karl Dr. Major. Abwehr. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Mentioned as interned in Camp 76, Asperg on March 27, 1946. Born on 12 August 1899 in Eikel, Westfalen. Subject was the General Secretary of the Ibero- Amerikanisches Institut and from 1937 to 1939 was employed as writer on scientific and historical subjects in Berlin. From 1939 to 1940 was an Air Corps Communications Officer. From 1940 to 1945 he was with the OKW in Barcelona. From 1933 to 1937 subject was a member of the NSDAP. Abwehr agent. Subject held the rank of major in L I of the Abwehr.W\th camouflage firm. Drumen S.A., Ronda Universidad 17, Barcelona. Repatriated by air from Spain between 29 January to 25 february 1946. Po. No. 0785. Interrogated between February and May 1946. British Reports. Owned with

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KLEYENSTUBER a printing firm, Zaragoza (Zaragossa) in Madrid. The firm was a camouflaged Abwehr centre. Subject released to Berlin, Fasanenstr. 5.

PANTAK, Rudolf. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Martin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Wisterschoen, 23 August, 1909.

PANTEN, Heinz.. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Brought to repatriation center under police escort. E-130 Official List. DOB. Altzowen, 20 May, 1915.

PANTEN, Kurt. German agent classified B. Listed as B256. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Runs a shop at Aribau 226, Barcelona. Address: calle Dorcor Roux "P" (sic), Barcelona. Leader of Frente Aleman de Trabajo in Barcelona1940.

PANTIN. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Painter, Barcelona.

PAPCKE, Gustav. Dr. Commander Physician. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugoy las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

PAPPENHEIM, Georg Edward Paul Viktor Graf zu. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ). DOB. July 28, 1909 in Heves (Hungary). Father, Alexander Siegfried, count zu PAPPENHEIM; mother, The Hungarian Countess Elizabeth de Karoly Nagy Karoly. Entered diplomatic service in 1939. He was the following years in Sofia, Madrid and Tanger. In 1941 he was appointed Secretary of Legation.

PARLEN, Reinhardt Rud. Franz. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 30/1/1905 in Mahrish Schonberg Sudet.

PASCH, Karl. SD agent. Partner in Pasch y Hermanos firm. Address: calle Larreategui 42, Bilbao. Included in Names definitely agreed upon by British and Americans for inclusion in the list of 175 candidates for repatriation, dated 16 January, 1947. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Born Feldhof/Millrath, 4 Sept. 1892. Passport No. 33/36 issued Bilbao 7.7.36. Member of DAF.

PASCH y JUFFERNBUCH, Guillermo / Wilhelm. German agent classified B. Listed as B256. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. In the "Industry" group of agents in Spain. Connected with BERNHARDT and WAHLE. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Industrialist. Connected with Sofindus. Principal partner in Pasch y Hermanos firm. Director of Minerales de Espaha S.A. Born August 25, 1889 in Hochdahl, Germany. Address: Gran Via 71, Bilbao and Plaza Galdor4, Bilbao and Paseo de la Alameda 4, Neguri, Bilbao. Condecorated by FRANCO "Caballero de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas con Encomienda" {BOE, 1 1 Septiembre de 1 940). From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Address: Carmen 7, Neguri (Bilbao). Born Hochdahl, 25 Aug. 1889. Passport No. 191/37 issued Salamanca, Member of NSDAP and DAF.

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PASCHKES, Ewald Christian alias UBELE. (fnu). German agent classified A. Listed as A257. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified I- B in OSS records. He was an RSHA official in l-L KO Spain from whence he came to the Office of Police Attache in Barcelona. Merchant. Previously in Central America. Born February 13, 1912 in Port Said, Egypt. Address: Fernandez de la Hoz 68, Barcelona and calle Berna 12, Barcelona.

PASEKA, Willy. German agent classified A. Listed as A258. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Tangier. Connected to German consulate.

PATRY / PATRICK, Wilhelm. Connected with SCHULTZE.

PATZELT, Andreas. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

PATZER, Franz. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801- 2850:Minerales de Espaha. Employee. Apartado 121, Calle Moros 45 -.1°, Gijon. Born Duisburg-Hamborn 23 Jan. 1910. Passport No. P 30/36 issued Duisburg-Hamborn 29.6.1 936 Member of DAF.

PATZER, Josef. Counsellor. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1 941 ).

PAUERL, Franz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

PAUKNER, Anton. German agent classified A. Listed as A260. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Photographer. Commercial agent. Manager of N. Deutsche Lloyd. Was in Canary Islands as vice/consul. Attached to German Embassy, Madrid (Shipping department). Born 1894. Address: calle Tambre 1, Colonia El Viso, Madrid.

PAUL. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. Formerly chief of Cultural Department in Germany. Came to Spain in June 1944. Born about 1890. Address: Cultural Dept., Juan Bravo 8, Madrid.

PAUL, Gottfried alias Paul TABOSCHAT alias Paul GOTTFRIED alias Paul TABOSCHAT, alias TABUSCHAD, alias PAUL TABUSCHAT, alias TABOSCHAD alias PABLO GOTTFRIED, alias MAJOR PAUL. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Major in Abwehr Spain. Granted one month (12 March 1945) prior to proceeding to Caldas de Malavella for internment. Repatriated by air from Spain between 29 January to 25 february 1946. Po. No. 0789. Mentioned as interned in Camp 76, Asperg on March 27, 1946. Interrogated between February and May 1946. British Reports. War firm's manager of Osram A.G., Madrid from 1931 to 1939.

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The restaurant Cactus, Avenida Pearson, 12 and the dress shop Renaud & Cia., Paseo de Gracia, Barcelona owned by his mlress Maria Teresa PENDAS, the two MIRO slers and GRAF QUEROGA/ GRAFF QUIROGA. The dress shop is known under name of Miro, former propietor and one of present directors. Firm included a beauty salon at Muntaner 339, 60, 2a,

In 1944 he received 200.000 pts. from FRANZBACH (Abwehr Finance) to be safeguarded, 100.000 of which were put down by Spaniards in Barcelona, the remainder being sent to BRANDES in Portugal. When the collapse came PAUL took his 6 months wages (26.000 pts), handed over 50.000 pts and spent the rest on a solicitor and HEID, a sick German emigrant.

PAUL was a full time operator in black market. He stated that he did a lot of money changing for the French Maquis (Pesetas into 20.000.000 French Francs) being directed to do so by the U.S. Consulate and British Secret Service. The profit he made was all lost in the companies Fecasa y Aglomera in Figueras, near Barcelona.

From: U.S. Army. European Command. Intelligence Division, Wartime activities of the German diplomatic and military services during World War II, November 18, 1949: "Born on 9 June (July in OSS files) 1896 in Berlin. From 1939 to 1940 subject was working forthe OKW, Abwehr I H. In 1944 was transferred to Barcelona and was the head of the I H in Spain. His duties consisted of obtaining information from France and North Africa. Other information concerning any of the other Allied nations were none of his concern. Subject never admits having used and relayed those messages, when they happend to fall into his hands.A more detailedreport can be obtained from EUCOM Interrogation. Subject released to Dortmund- Hasselt (Erlenkamp). Address: Paseo de San Gervasi 161, Barcelona.

PAUL, Walter. Dr. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Chemist.. Address: Calle Aragon 244, Barcelona. Connected with Union Quimica del Norte de Espaha, Buenos Aires 4, Bilbao. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Born Munchen, 22 March 1908. Passport No. 17 issued Erlangen 8.4.38. Member of NSDAP and SA (on leave).

PAVELIC, Ante, alias Antonio SERDAR, alias GIUSEPPE, alias Pablo ARANJOS, alias Pale ARANIOS, alias Pedro GONNER. "The world's most wanted — yet least pursued — war criminal" (Cali Ruchala). Leader of Ustasha. Born Bradina (Konjic) Bosnia-Herzegovina; 14 July 1889. Died Madrid, Spain 28 December 1959. Wife: Maria PAVELIC nee LAVRENZI. Children: Mirjana, Visnja and Velimir.

As the leader of the Ustasha, he directly ordered, organized and conducted a campaign of terror and genocide directed against Serbs, Jews, Roma, and Orthodox Christians. In May 1945, Pavelic and his entourage fled to Austria and then to Italy where he was shielded by the Vatican from extradition to Yugoslavia for war crimes. From 1948 PAVELIC lived in Argentina protected by PERON. After the war, Pavelic continued to exercise control over many of the Ustasha exiles and fugitives until his death in 1959 in Spain. An attempt on his life in 1957 left him injured and he fled to Franco's Spain where he was protected by the FRANCO'S regime and died in Hospital Aleman, Madrid. The cause of his death was related to his injuries received in Buenois Aires. Dr Rudolf SAJITZ was the physician who attended PAVELIC. PAVELIC was buried in the Cementerio de San Isidro, Madrid.

Wikipedia (english) contains a very good survey of the subject. But the most accurate documental evidence can be found in the excellent research project The Pavelic Papers, edited by Cali RUCHALA and Sinisa DJURIC:

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"Poglavnik ("leader"; in German, "fuehrer") of the Independent State of Croatia, founder of the Ustase movement and mastermind of the Holocaust in Croatia in which an estimated 600,000 to 1 million Serbs, Jews, Roma and political prisoners perished between 1941 and 1 945. Leader of the extreme right, or "Frankist" faction of Croat Party of Rights after World War I. Following the assassination of Croat Peasant Party leader Stjepan RADIC and the imposition of the Royal Dictatorship in Yugoslavia on January 6, 1929, PAVELIC went abroad, first to Austria and then to Italy, where the nascent Ustase were provided training camps and afforded protection from the Fascist Italian government. Following the Nazi invasion and dismemberment of Yugoslavia on April 6, 1941, proclaimed poglavnik of the Independent State of Croatia {NDH by its Serbo-Croat acronym), but only after RADIC's successor, Vladko MACEK, declined to lead the puppet state himself. Immediately implemented the Ustase plan for the "purification" of the NDH using the formula coined by his deputy Mile BUDAK: "kill a third, expel a third, and convert a third" of the Serbian population to Catholicism. Concentration camps such as Jasenovac were established as the Ustase Black Legion swept through Serbian villages and arrested Jews and Roma wherever they could be found.

After the collapse of the NDH, PAVELIC escaped to Austria and then to Italy, where he linked up with Vatican operatives of the "Ratline," dedicated to shielding accused war criminals from arrest and shuttling them out of Europe. Escaped to Argentina with the help of Catholic priest, Ustase officer and Ratline operative Krunoslav DRAGANOVIC. Immediately upon arrival in Buenos Aires, formed a successor movement to the Ustase with other NDH fugitives and accused war criminals, and later the Croatian Liberation Movement, which still exists today as a miniscule political party in Zagreb. Acted as security advisor to Argentine dictator Juan PERON. After an attempt on his life on April 9, 1957, fled to FRANCO'S Spain where he died on December 28, 1959." 1. The Ratline (1946-1955)

"(...) Following the collapse of the Independent State of Croatia in May of 1945, the leadership of the Ustase fled for the Austrian border. The Croatian refugees they fled with were handed back to the Yugoslav government, but an incredible number of the Ustase ringleaders managed to escape. Poglavnik Ante PAVELIC remained in Austria for a short while before proceeding to Rome. There he and several of his underlings concealed themselves on Vatican property while former Ustase officer and priest Fr. Krunoslav Draganovic masterminded their escape to South America. Agent William Gowen of the CIC was assigned to the case, conducted surveillance of Pavelic's Vatican refuge and was prepared to make an arrest when his superiors intervened. Draganovic had been contacted at the same time and offered a quid pro quo by American agents stationed in Austria to smuggle their own assets - among them Gestapo Chief of Lyon Klaus Barbie - in return for their assistance to "persons of interest" to him. Pavelic remained in Rome for more than a year before departing for Buenos Aires, where he joined a dozen other officials from the Independent State of Croatia and began the resurrection of the Ustase movement in exile.":

I. Rome CIC on PAVELIC's Arrest in Austria.

"Counter Intelligence Corps Rome Detachment Zone Five

A.P.O. 512, US Army Case No. R-2803 25 August 1945 Re: Arrest of Subject.

1 . Newspaper accounts of 24 August 1945 reported the arrest of Subject by Allied authorities in Austria. The article stated that PAVELIC was to be returned to Yugoslavia for trial as a war criminal.

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Recommendation:

2. It is recommended that this case be considered closed. Francis R. FAVORINI, Special Agent, C/C. Harry J. MURPHY, Special Agent, C/C.

II. WEG:md Case No. 4522 22 January 1947

Memorandum For The Officer In Charge: Subject: PAVELIC, Dr. Ante. RE: Summary of Information.

1 . Reports coming from many informants indicated that PAVELIC, Dr. Ante, the Croat Ustascia Chief, has been in Rome at various times since the war ended and might be in Rome at the present time. Pursuant to instructions from the Supervising Agent of this detachment, an investigation was initiated.

2. Information having its source in reliable informants indicates that subject is at the present time in the extra-territorial walled-in compound on the left bank of the Tiber, at Lungo Tevere Aventino, Rome. This compound has within its walls five Catholic organizations, a public wine shop, a public garage, a shop of one of the organizations, but open to the public, and one private residence.

3. The five religious organizations are: 1 ) The Monastery of St. Sabina of the Dominican Order; 2) The St. Alessio School for Roman Studies; 3) The Cavaliers of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta; 4) The Benedictine Monastery of St. Anselmo; 5) A children's school run by Nuns. The compound itself is situated on top of the Aventine Hill which has been built on since Roman times. As a result a conglomeration of buildings old and new now stands. The Hill itself is reputedly honeycombed with subterranean tunnels which link the individual building.

4. The area of the compound has been as carefully checked by this Agent as legal methods permit. The informants of this office have been unable to enter the compound but add that once inside, finding PAVELIC would be a very difficult problem if he lives underground inside an old construction which has long since been built on top of St. Alessio was [page break: one or more lines appears by context to be missing, or the single sentence is a run-on which should be broken after "inside"] relatively easy to enter and one could move about rather freely. Due to the large number of Italian civilians who come and go and the easy entrance it seems somewhat doubtful that PAVELIC would use this spot as a hiding

place. The Villa of the Knights of Malta was inspected too. Special permission is required from the Grand Master of the Order, Prince CHIGI himself who lives there 3 months of the year. Italian gardeners are at present the only inhabitants besides an Italian Monsignor who takes care of the Chapel, St. Maria delle Priorita. This too, would seem an unlikely location for the Subject's hiding place as would the convent. The relatively new (1900) Benedictine Monastery St. Anselmo is very hard to enter. True, one can look at the Chapel and the Chapel Crypt and even the library by special appointment, but beyond that one can see nothing. Monks in this monastery are of all nationalities, American included. For this reason and also for the reason that a clandestine entry and exit, the building and walls being new, would seem not to be present. If PAVELIC is really in the compound, it would seem more likely that he would be in St. Sabina. Ill St. Sabina is right on the Tiber river from the Church and the Monastery to the street level is a drop of about 150 feet which is enclosed by a 7-8 ft. wall. While checking this wall, this Agent noted at one spot two holes had been knocked laterally into it and two stones had been placed below them to serve as a step. On the stones, in the holes, and on top of the walls were what appeared to be recent footprints.

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At another place about 75 yards away a similar arrangement was noted. While checking this wall, this Agent further noted a civilian in the ruins on top of which the monastery was built. Later, while this Agent was at several hundred yards distance said civilian descended from the Monastery, walked up and down twice along the wall as if finding the easiest place to jump from, and finally came down at the above-mentioned spot. This individual later walked down the road and passed this Agent; he was dressed very badly and seemed to be in search of rags and junk. However, his walking up and down the wall in apparent hesitation might indicate that he was not the regular frequenter. St. Sabina, it should be added, has the only Chapel open to the public.

5. The public wine shop was checked and found to be run by a modest Italian family. The garage set up in tunnels under the hill facing the Tiber was also checked; the tunnels are all apparently sealed off from any others leading deeper into the Aventine. The shop of the Order of Malta was also checked and found to be run by an Italian in the uniform of the Red Cross. Joined to the private residence is a garage which is apparently involved in a trucking building. Nothing suspicious was discovered in any of the above locations.

6. Other information from reliable informants tends to show that the tram line running beneath the Aventine Hill along the Tiber and thence to the Circus Maximus, the Colosseum and Via Cavour is the connecting link between PAVELIC and Via Cavour, 210 int. 3, which is an Ustascia base well known in Rome. (See attached diagram).

7. Every Friday night sometime after 9 PM an Ustascia meeting supposedly takes place at this Via Cavour dwelling. As a result this Agent checked the house on Friday, 10 January 1947 at about 9:30 PM. The train (tram) line had already been watched at a shop near

the compound with no untoward activity noted. No suspicious activity was noted around the dwelling upon approach, however, a few moments later an individual made observations in the hall and immediately returned and bolted the main door of the residence. About five minutes later all the first floor shutters were closed by the same person.

Agent's remarks:

8. The informants in question cannot enter the extra-territorial compound and not being Croatians cannot enter the various known Ustascia addresses in Rome. On the other hand it is virtually impossible to get Croats to work against PAVELIC since they are either scared or they think it unpatriotic. While the informants in this case are considered reliable it is difficult to evaluate their reliability in relation to PAVELIC who has been dodging around Europe as his own master for about 15 years. All the information seems plausible and paints a plausible picture when it is taken as a whole. However, it would seem that only direct action against the Via Cavour house, illegal entry into extra-territorial territory or action against such known PAVELIC contacts as DRAGANOVIC, KRUNOSLAV can ultimately reveal the hiding place of PAVELIC and lead to his apprehension. Observation continues.

William E.W. GOWEN, Special Agent, C/C

Headquarters

Counter Intelligence Corps

Allied Forces Headquarters

APO 512

30 January 1947

Summary Of Information

Subject: Present whereabouts and past background of Ante PAVELIC, Croat Quisling

1. From a usually reliable source the following information has been obtained concerning the present whereabouts of Ante PAVELIC, Croat Quisling.

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2. With the collapse of German resistance in the Balkans and the subsequent withdrawal of support of the puppet Croat government on the part of the Germans, Ante PAVELIC, fearing for his personal safety at the hands of the Partisans fled from Jugoslavia into Austria where he took refuge in the small village of Celovac near the Austrian-Jugoslav frontier. PAVELIC had an apartment and a villa there.

3. In April of 1946 PAVELIC left Austria and came to Rome accompanied only by an Ustasa Lieutenant named DOCHSEN. Both were dressed as Roman Catholic priests. They took refuge in a college there in Via Giavomo Belli, 3, which is the only college in Rome enjoying complete extra-territoriality, and which can be entered only by presenting the proper credentials. (Presumably the Papal seal is needed because it is said that this is the only college in Rome directly under the administration of the Pope.)

4. This informant further states that a short time ago PAVELIC obtained at the Spanish Consulate in Milano a passport under the name of Don Pedro GONNER. This passport is ready for Spain and has a visa either for South America or Canada. Three other members of the Ustashi are being taken care of in this same fashion but the only one so far identified is General Vlado KREN, Chief of the Croat Air Force under PAVELIC. KREN is an old-time Yugoslav officer who at the outset of the war deserted to the Germans taking with him as much loot and money as he could. He was decorated by the Germans after a lengthy inspection tour of the Craot [sic] Air Force on the Eastern Front.

5. This informant, directed by this Agent to try to penetrate the Ustashi intelligence network in Italy and Jugoslavia, has managed to do so and it has been determined that the network runs from Grumo-Rome-Venice-Trieste-Ljubljana-Zagreb. The whole affair is run under cover of the Roman Catholic clergy whose priests in these monasteries are nearly all of Croat extraction. Complete penetration of this organization is a rather lengthy process but efforts are being continued in that direction. There is no doubt that Ustashi elements in Italy communicate with one another, and that the focal point of all intelligence and activity is the Monastery of Saint Jerome [NB - Anglicized San Girolamo], Via Tomacelli, 132, Rome. Background:

6. Ante PAVELIC was born in 1896 in Ivan Planina in Bosnia and practiced law in Zagreb. An extremist even in his youth he became a member of the arch-terrorist organization known as the Frankovci whose founder, Dr. Josip FRANK, was a Jew and the father-in-law of Slavko KVATERNIK, the first Croat to be elevated to the rank of Field Marshall. KVATERNIK had long been a strong advocate of Croat separatism and the German ideas on a separate Croat state found in him a reday [sic] tool.

7. The quarrelsome nature of PAVELIC became more and more apparent in the years immediately after the first war when he became involved in one dispute after another with the Centralist Party and the Croat Peasant Party of RADIC. He was the sole representative of his Party in the Skupstina (Jugoslav Parliament) but rarely attended sessions and when he did he sulked in his seat and only occasionally indulged in a long harangue in protest against some measure which he did not approve.

8. In the early 1920's, PAVELIC began to establish his contacts with Croat emigrees in Vienna and Budapest and later on he established a close accord with the Macedonian terrorist society, Imro. In 1927 he acted as counsel for the defense of the Macedonian terrorists at the Skoplje trials.

9. Shortly after the proclamation of the establishment of the dictatorship of King ALEKSANDAR in January 1929, PAVELIC fled abroad and was subsequently condemned to death in absentia at Belgrade for his part in anti-Serb demonstrations organized at Sofia by Bulgarian and Macedonian terrorists.

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10. From 1930 onwards while living abroad, a great part of the time in Italy, he became the leader of a terrorist organization eventually to be known as the Ustasha. This organization was financed by Rome and Budapest and given moral encouragement by the Germans. Together with [Branko] JELIC, ARTUKOVIC, and the younger [Eugen-Dido] KVATERNIK and others he was responsible for a serious flurry of bomb outrages, the weapons and explosives all supplied by Italy. This occurred in the period between 1930 and 1935.

1 1 . Camps for training terrorists and saboteurs were set up in Italy and Hungary, chiefly at Brescia and Borgotaro in Italy and Janka Puszta in Hungary and an armed insurrection was attempted in 1933 when the Ustashi, armed by the Italians, attempted to invade the country by crossing the Adriatic in motorboats. This was unsuccessful but its lack of success probably was instrumental in the decision to assassinate King ALEKSANDAR. Two attempts were made, the last one successful and ALEKSANDAR was slain at Marseilles 14 October,

1 943 along with the French Minister of the Interior, Jean BARTHOU. The singular lack of armed protection afforded by the Jugoslav monarch, and the general laxity of security precautions when it was well-known that one attempt had already been made on ALEKSANDAR'S life are rather ghastly tributes to the organizational ability of PAVELIC, who apparently had been able to bribe some high official in the Surete General. The Prefect of Police of Marseilles, JOUHANNAUD, was subsequently removed from office.

12. Yugoslavia took her case to the League of Nations offering evidence that Italy and Hungary had openly conspired against her sovereignty. However, for some strange reason Italy's role in the affair was never considered and Hungary bore the brunt of the charges. Italy, furthermore, stubbornly refused to extradite PAVELIC who, along with the younger KVATERNIK, was placed under the permanent supervision of the Italian police until sometime in 1 941. During the course of his "house arrest" he was subsidized by the Italians and he conferred long and often with Count Galeazzo CIANO on the prospective coup d'etat in Croatia.

13. In April of 1941 he arrived in Zagreb and proclaimed the Free and Independent State of Croatia with himself as the head of the government. What prompted the Axis powers to put a man like PAVELIC at the head of a puppet government is not too well-known for it was an established fact that he was an ardent extremist of the worse sort and an international gangster. Perhaps it was the fact that the Nazis and Fascists were not looking for leadership. The only thing that they needed was a fanatic, an ultra-chauvinist, who could and would do what they suggested and do it with a vengeance. At any rate in June and July, 1941 PAVELIC and his Croatian nationalists, representing the lunatic fringe of Balkan life, slaughtered in a few weeks tens of thousands of Serbians living in his "independent state" and along its peripheries.

14. PAVELIC remained as head of the "Free and Independent State of Croatia" until early 1945 when he disappeared from the limelight and little trace of him has been found since.

15. PAVELIC'S name tops the list of quislings whom the State Department and the Foreign Office have agreed to hand over to the Yugoslavs for trial. At the present time this Agent is expending every effort to try to trace PAVELIC and his wife. One source yet unconfirmed states that she is living in Venice under an assumed name while yet another says that she is living somewhere in Rome. Agents comments and recommendations: In view of the fact that this man, while generally considered a criminal, is not a criminal in just the ordinary sense but a political criminal as well, and in view of the fact that the Yugoslav Government through its controlled press has on several occasions accused the Anglo- Americans of hiding PAVELIC to further their own aims, this Agent recommends that every effort should be made to apprehend him and ship him back to the Jugoslav Government for trial. In so doing not only would the Yugoslav propaganda guns be silenced and the people of Jugoslavia forced to admit that their previous propaganda was all false, but also a serious threat to security

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would be removed and the position of the Anglo-Americans strengthened with regard to those south Slav elements who were pro-Allied before the war. The Ustashi organization in Italy is at the present moment a tightly-knit group still maintaining its "cell" organization, still publishing its papers, and still interested in the same aims that they professed before and during the war. The center of this organization is the Monastery of St. Jerome, Via Tomacelli, 132, Rome.

Robert CLAYTON MUDD,

Special Agent, CIC Approved: Edwin F. COWAN

Chief, CIC"

"From the US Army File on Ante Pavelic: This document confirms the information given in Agent William Gowen's previous report, right down to the room number. This appears to have been prepared in final preparation for enforcing an arrest on Pavelic, on Vatican property if need be. The list of "other Ustasha personalities" is only a handful of the high- ranking officials who would escape from justice, contrary to claims made elsewhere that only Pavelic and one or two other Ustase escaped justice after the war. Within the next 18 months, nearly the entire cabinet of the Independent State of Croatia will have relocated to Buenos Aires." (Comment by Sinisa Djuric, Ante Pavelic Papers) "COPY

TRANSLATION

Subject: Ante PAVELIC and other Ustasha personalities

1 . Ante PAVELIC is in hiding as an ex-Hungarian General under the name of "Giuseppe". He wears a small pointed beard and has his hair cut short at the sides after the fashion of a German Army officer.

2. Hi [sic] is living on Church property under the protection of the Vatican, at Via Giacomo Venezian No. 17-C, second floor. On entering the building you go along a long and dark corridor. At the end of the corridor there are two stairways, one to the left and one

to the right. You must take the right. On the right the rooms are numbered 1 ,2,3, etc. If you knock once or twice at door No. 3 an unimportant person will come out. But if you knock three times at door No. 3, door No. 2 will open. It leads to the room where PAVELIC lives, together with the famous Bulgarian terrorist Vancia MIKOILOFF and two other persons.

3. About twelve other men live in the building. They are all Ustasha and make up PAVELIC's bodyguard.

4. When PAVELIC goes out he uses a car with a Vatican (SCV) number-plate.

5. The following persons visit the convent occasionally:

- Ivica FRKOVIC, editor of the Ustasha Paper Hrvatski Narod;

- Dr. Feliks POLJANIC, Asst. chief of police Sarajevo;

- Ciro KUDUIA, Ustasha Colonel;

- Dr. VIDALI, Asst. chief of the Ustasha-Croat Security Police;

- Zvonko DUGANIC, Asst. chief of Croat Information Service (he lives in Rome, tel.N. 43302);

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- Peter SIMIC;

- Dr. Lovro SUSIC, secretary of Ustasha movement in Italy. Travels frequently (Rome Bologna, Trieste). At present living in Caserta.

- Joso ZUBIC, police commissioner of Sarajevo;

- Husnija HRUSTANOVIC, journalist;

- Zdravko BJELOMARIC.

Counter Intelligence Corps Rome Detachment Zone Five

A.P.O. 512, U.S. Army

GAZ/md

15 March 1947

Case No. 4760

Memorandum for the officer in charge: Subject: Ante PAVELIC (Poglavnik). Re: Summary of Information

1 . According to a usually reliable source, information regarding Subject was submitted to these Agents and subsequently passed on for guidance and consideration.

2. Until a few months ago Ante PAVELIC, the ex-Poglavnik of Croatia was hidden in Carinzia (Austria) in the American Occupational Zone. Since his sojourn in that region has become always more dangerous, PAVELIC, it appears, has taken advantage of the strong protection of a high prelate and provided with false documents was able to reach Rome in November 1946. In Rome PAVELIC took refuge in a religious institution which enjoys the privilege of diplomatic immunity since it is under the jurisdiction of the Holy See.

This Institute is the "COLLEGIO PIO PONTIFICIO IN PRATI" (Via Giocchino Belli, No. 3) whose director should be a prelate of Croatian or Slavic origin who is probably aware of Poglavnik's escape from Austria. With PAVELIC in the same seminary an intimate associate has taken refuge, a Certain Prof. SAIC, his former secretary and helper. PAVELIC and his secretary, provided with false passports, should soon be leaving for Spain where they would find refuge under the protection of the Spanish phalance (sic).

PAVELIC is being frantically sought by the OZNA [the Yugoslav equivalent of the KGB] and elements of the Soviet GHEPEU. They are offering large sums for his capture or information regarding the exact place of his refuge. In Rome, at the Croat Convent of S. Girolamo degli lllirici, can be found (or at least until a few days ago) PAVELIC's wife, LOVRENCIC, Maria with her two children. They arrived from Tuscany and in Florence they had contacts with ZANNONI, Olga. Another son, Ivan, born in 1908 in Zagabriais is presently in Switzerland at Lausanne (Avenue de Rumines 5) and leads a happy life. Members of OZNA, it is reported, should be going soon to Lausanne, Switzerland and their assignment is to capture him or to force him to return to Yugoslavia.*

3. Additional information pending results of investigation now being carried out, will be forwarded as soon as available.

Louis S. CANIGLIA, Special Agent, CIC George A. ZAPPALA, Special Agent, CIC

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USACA Records of Property Released from Salzburg, the PAVELIC family was living in St. Gilgen (Salzburg), in a boarding house, Villa Helene, chez Frau Fanny ELLMAUER till 9 April 1946. They left behind 18 pices of lugagge. This property, plus another three of Ante PAVELIC was released 21 May was turned over Vladimir VRANCOVIC, who was provideded with a power of attorney by Mrs. PAVELIC. (note by E. Meyer)
 * According to documents in USACA Property Released from Salzburg S4 8010 Sa Marie Pavelic and



"U.S. EYES ONLY PAVELIC Ante OZNA

G-2 Rome report dated 19 May 1947 File 61 0-3D folio (60).

G-2 Rome received the following information dated 15 May 1947 from I.A.I.-RAAC.

Reliable Vatican source reports Subject still living in Rome in a religious institute located in the Prati District, with extra territorial rights and in possession of a passport made out to a Minister of Religion Subject soon will leave for Spain from Genoa with no intentions of going to the Argentine

G-2 Rome report dated 20 June 1947...Ref; P/4/AM File: 610-3D (63).

Reference CIC report Summary No. 5109: The report from the usually reliable source has been received stating that PAVELIC, Marja, wife of subject, now living with her daughter (in) Cecina (Grosseto) will shortly be moving to Florence. Address in Florence is expected to be Via Sedirapino 6.

Information received from a Vatican source on 3 June stated that subject is living in the Religious Institute and holds a passport made out to Padre GOMEZ, a Spanish Minister of religion; that subject is shortly to leave for Spain and that his trip has been arranged for by some Jesuits in the Vatican."

CIC File: "Hands Off" "SUBJECT: Pavelic, Anton

TO: Supervising Agent, CIC, Zone FIVE, APO 528, U.S. Army.

1 . Reference is made to SOI No. 5109, your office, dated 9 June 1947, which indicates information to the effect that Subject is reported living in Rome on the second floor of the Via Giacomo Veneziano, 17, stairway "C".

2. Request advice as to results of your investigation at above address.

3. The Assistant Chief of Staff, G-2, MTOUSA, desires that Subject be taken into custody on sight and that this office be notified immediately when such apprehension is made.

BERNARD J. GRENNAN,

Special Agent, CIC,

Chief of Operations.

New instructions: "Hands Off',

Source Mr. Grennan & Lt. Col Hartman

14 July 1947

GM.* (*Gono MORENA)

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From (Informe Final CEANA, Comision para el Esclarecimiento de las Actividades del Nazismo en la Republica Argentina)

"En la documentacion del Ministerio del Interior, se ha podido detectar que e! 23 de abril de 1957, por medio de un radiograma se comunica al Jefe de la Policia Federal que se extremen las medidas para impedir la salida del pais a Antonio SERDAR o Ante PAVELIC, exlider del regimen ustasha en Croacia. PAVELIC, habia ingresado con su nombre falso de Antonio SERDAR el 6 de noviembre de 1948, en lancha desde Brasil. Presenta al ingresar pasaporte de la Cruz Roja Internacional Al NR 74.369. Pese a esto, en la ficha de Ingreso de la Direccion de Migraciones figura con el nombre de ARANYOS, Pal.

E 4 de enero de 1950 el Secretario de Caritas Croata", declara que Antonio SERDAR, constructor, esta radicado en el pais desde noviembre de 1948. El 20 de enero del mismo ano aparece una constancia donde se certifica que Antonio SERDAR realiza en "Madeiem" Soc. Comercial e Industrial, trabajos de albanilena y cemento y tambien montaje de maquinarias. El 1 de febrero, siempre de 1950, Serdar (Pavelic) solicita CI y presenta pasaporte N° 1156, expedido el 12 de diciembre de 1944 por el consulado croata en Graz, en donde consta llamarse Antonio SERDAR. Justifica residencia desde noviembre de 1948 con un certificado sellado por el Arzobispado de Buenos Aires.

El 16 de octubre de 1956 solicita Certificado de Buena Conducta para viajar a Uruguay, Paraguay, Brasil y Bolivia. En ese momento declara su domicilio en Chacabuco 96, 40 piso, Capital Federal, La cedula de SERDAR en la Argentina tiene el N' 4.304.761 y fue expedida el 1 de febrero de 1950.

El ultimo dato que figura en el archivo del Ministerio del Interior es del 23 de abril de 1957 cuando Antonio SERDAR es solicitado por antecedentes (Division Coordinacion Policial) de la Seccion Informes Internos."



PAVELIC and Ustasha Treasury

" Facts Pertaining To The Ustasha Treasury

"133. The Ustasha Regime's looting of Serbs, Jews, Romas, and others was systematic and kept under tight control of the Ustasha Regime until 1944 when Pavelic took personal control of all liquid assets of the Ustasha Regime for the purpose of relocating them outside Croatia for safekeeping. DRAGANOVIC and BABIC were tasked with preparing the way in Rome and the Vatican for the Ustasha Treasury's delivery.

134. During the Second World War the Swiss National Bank and other banks in Switzerland, as well as facilities in Croatia, acted as depositories for some of the Ustasha Treasury. 6

6 500 kilograms of gold were deposited by the Croatians in the Swiss National Bank along with 2.5 million

francs during the Second World War. In early 1946 an additional 12 to 16 million francs in gold deposits

were still controlled by the Ustasha in various other private Swiss bank accounts.

135. The Independent Commission of Experts - Switzerland - Second World War, known

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as the Bergier Commission, linked Swiss banks with Croatian wartime gold transactions (p. 25 of their report).

136. With the fall of the Ustasha Regime imminent in 1945, an effort was made by PAVELIC to move the remaining Ustasha Treasury outside the borders of the Ustasha Regime. In late May 1945 Ustasha Regime agents were found at the British-occupied Austro-Swiss border with gold, currency and other assets valued at 350 million Swiss francs. Over 200 million Swiss francs value of this particular hoard were eventually transferred to the Croatian Confraternity at Saint Jerome, MANDIC and DRAGANOVIC and then to the Vatican City financial system and elsewhere for conversion. One portion of the horde contained in two chests of gold was personally brought from Austria by DRAGANOVIC for the use of the Croatian Confraternity in late 1945. The larger portion of the Ustasha Treasury consisting of a ten truck convoy was commanded by Ustasha Colonel Ivan BABIC and trucked from Northern Italy to the Croatian Confraternity in 1946 by BABIC and Ustasha confederates wearing British uniforms. Other remnants of the Ustasha treasury arrived in similar fashion 1946-1948, first to MANDIC, DRAGANOVIC and the Croatian Confraternity and then dispersed though either Vatican City, Vatican extraterritorial properties in Italy, or OFM accounts.

137. In 1948 a tranche of 2,400 kilograms of Ustasha Treasury gold was moved from accounts in Vatican City to Swiss bank accounts.

138. In 1952 the Ustasha leader PAVELIC transferred 5 million Swiss francs from the Ustasha Treasury horde from Switzerland to Argentina.

139. PAVELIC and other exiled Ustasha war criminals, in order to bank and transfer assets from the Ustasha Treasury, depended upon the intermediation and cooperation of OFM and its agents.

140. A significant portion of the post war Ustasha Treasury was in the form of jewels and non monetary valuables that required either conversion by OFM or was retained by OFM and its agents to used to promote the Ustasha cause and Croatian nationalism. In 2008 it was revealed after the arrest of a former Croatian Ministry of Defense official, General Vladimir ZAGOREC, that in 1991 diamonds worth up to $40 million with their origin in the Ustasha Treasury were in the possession of Cardinal KUHARIC of Zagreb who provided the diamonds to the Croatian Defense Ministry to purchase arms to be used in the war with Yugoslavia.

141 . Ustasha Treasury assets were banked and converted by OFM using its accounts in the Vatican and elsewhere for use in Argentina, Brazil, Spain, Portugal the United States, and Italy by the exiled Ustasha and Dominik MANDIC-OFM controlled enterprises in Chicago.

XVI. Facts Pertaining To Post War Beneficiaries Of The Ustasha Treasury

142. In 1956 the overt successor to the Ustasha, the Croatian Liberation Movement (Hrvatski oslobodila...ki pokret, HOP), was founded by Ante PAVELIC in Buenos Aires as a beneficiary of the Ustasha Treasury along with its terrorist front group - the Croatian Revolutionary Brotherhood {HRB) and related organizations. When Pavelic died in 1959, HOP leadership passed to former Ustasha Minister Stepan HEFER, then to Ante BONIFACIC who moved the headquarters to Chicago and then to Pavelic's son in law, Srecko PSENICNIK in 1981 . The HOP operates in Argentina, the United States, Australia, Europe and Canada and is a minor political party in Croatia. Funds from the Ustasha Treasury banked and converted by OFM and Dominik MANDIC helped fund these

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organizations through 1991 when Croatia seceded from Yugoslavia and HOP relocated to Croatia.

143. The Croatian Custody of the Holy Family of Chicago and OFM have continued to use the funds derived from the Ustasha treasury to set up, facilitate, and coordinate the OFM operations at Medjugorje, Bosnia and to support financially Croatian paramilitary formations like the Croatian Defense Council (Hrvatsko Vijefe Obrane, HVO), who often used Ustasha indicia in their ethnic cleansing battles against Bosnian Serbs, Muslims, and Roma in Bosnia-Hercegovina and Serbian Krajina in the 1990's and to support the Croatian nationalist shrine of Medjugorje in Herzegovina." (Case 3:99-cv-04941 -MMC Document 413 Filed 04/14/2009. ALPERIN et alii v. The Franciscan Order (Order Of Franciscans Minor - Ofm) A/K/A Croatian Custody Of The Holy Family Of Chicago And Croatian Confraternity Of San Girolamo (Saint Jerome), Sixth Amended Class Action."

PECHE, Ernst Ulrich. In Marine Perch file. Nazi agent. Address, Calle Maria de Molina, 22 Madrid. Included in Names definitely agreed upon by British and Americans for inclusion in the list of 175 candidates for repatriation, dated 16 January, 1947. Gestapo. Smuggler and involved in arms traffic.

PEDELAT, Hans. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

PEIN, Otto Hermann Karl. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. German Embassy employee assigned to PLANKERT's office. A-397 Official List and III Priority List. DOB. Goettingen, 20 February, 1918.

PELIZAUS / PELIZAEUS, Wilhelm. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Representative. S. Augustin 4, Bilbao. Born at Haus Niederheide b. Kaiserswerth a.RH. on 24. June 1891. Passport (No. not given) issued by Madrid in 1936. Member of NS- Deutscher Reichskriegerbund, Berlin.

PELLEJA, Alfonso. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. Spanish. DOB. 30/10/1916 in Ludwigshafen am Rhein. Address in Germany, 1946: Laubheimerstr. 4, Stuttgart-Wangena (US zone).

PELLEPOIX, Darquier de. Madrid. Vichy Commissioner for Jewish Affairs, 1942-44. Fled to Madrid, 1945. Worked with von BEHR. Involved in confiscation of the Schloss Collection. . In ALIU Red Flag Names List

PELUGER, Wilhelm. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Technician employed at the San Pablo Airfield, Sevilla. Lives at Hotel Italia, Bilbao.

PELZ, Martin. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Counsellor.

PELZER. From OSS Secret IntelligenceSpecial Funds Record 9409: Intelligence agent in Spanish Morocco. Ceuta. Navy. Classified l-B in OSS records.

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PENA, Eloy. From STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain :"Was a high official in the Direccion General de Seguridad and the Brigada Movil. He provided the Abwehrw\th the reports on the movements of foreigners." From Hans SOMMER's CI interrogation: Born: 1906 1.68m, oval face curly dark blond hair.

Career: old follower of FRANCO'S Falangist Party. Until 1944 with Spanish Embassy in Paris, he worked at the same time for the Abwehr. Went to Germany in 1944 and escaped to Spain at the end of the war. Since he was well acquainted with French affairs and had good contacts with former collaborationists, VICENTE employed him to recruit French agents among the refugees streaming into Spain at San Sebastian. He has greet influence and access to substatial funds in Spain. Speaks French with a strong Spanish accent.

PENKER, Benjamin. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

PEPPEL, Johannes. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

PEREIRA / PEREYRA, Carlos. Businessman Subject is about forty years of age, five feet eight inches tall, slender of build and has dark hair. He. is Mexican and had residence in Madrid, Spain. He represented the Mexican movie industry and made his Mexican connections available to KO Spanien.

PEREZ DE LEZA/ LESA, Angel. From Washington Office, Special Funds Division Finance, Intelligence: Documents 3401-3450: Living in Hotel Gaylord, Madrid. Born about 1900, small, very dark, clever and unscrupulous. Reported in February 1944 as a Falange exterior agent in Argentina. In April 1945 it was reported that during subject's employment with the Bilbao firm Importacion de Minerales, he supplied the Germans with wolfram and other minerals and made a number of trips to Galicia on behalf of German authorities. A May report shows that between July 1942 and August 1943, subject sold large quantities of fluorspar to the USCC. Rather than renew this contract with the USCC, he sold to the Germans. He reportedly gained control of a wolfram mine in Leon or Asturias by unethical means and resold it to the Germans for a large sum. During the Spanish Civil War, subject belonged to S.I.M. and is now thought to belong to the Gestapo. It is believed that he has assisted the Germans in hiding capital. Apparently subject has made or stolen a large sum of money, or has has large sums entrusted to him by Germans interests for placing in Argentina or other South American countries. On June 23, 1945 it was reported that subject is the head of a company known as Sociedad Americana de Fomentos Comercial e Industrial, which is also known as the Grupo Financiero de la Safoci, with offices in Madrid and Buenos Aires. It is believed to be connected with Juan OLASO.

PERSSON, Hermann. . Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugoy las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). German Embassy, Madrid.

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PESCOLLER, Heinrich. German agent classified B. Listed as B261. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Posed as journalist. Address: Cala Rajada, Cas Bombo, Mallorca.

PESCH, Hubert. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

PETER, Dietrich, alias Paul PETER, alias PAULINO. German agent classified B. Listed as B262. Ex/Portugal. Left for Madrid 6 April 1945. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 15/2/1917 in Hamburg Altona. Address in Germany, 1946: Hafenlohra. Main, Bayern (US zone).

PETER, Josef. Still In Spain in December 19 1946. In files of the Office of Political Affairs, American Embassy, Madrid.

PETER, Karl. Dr. Commander Physician. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

PETER-PRIKHAM. Consul General

PETERS, alias JIMENEZ. Agent working l-M, KO Spanien, Valencia. (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain).

PETERS, Christoph. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

PETERSEN, Alexander. Alias Alfred PULLMANN / PUHLMANN; alias PONTEN. Deportee Madrid-Germany by Army air November 22 1946. Listed as A-402 III priority. Interrogated December 16, 1946. Born January 2 1906, Hamburg. In Argentina since 1926. Return to Hamburg 1933. 1935-1936: Cuba, Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Panama, Colombia and Venezuela.

Information from the office of Vice Consul W.L. Shea:

British report dated February 1, 1944: Known German Agent. Working actively for the German I.S organization in the Straits area.

N. A. report from Tangiers, June, 13, 1944: PETERSEN was Vice Consul, Tangiers. Left by air from Tetuan but not definitely from Spain.

British report, October 10, 1944:

Left Tangier March, 14, 1944 on expulsion by air to Madrid.

Spanish Primer by the office of Vice Consul W.L. Shea: German. Born January 2, 1 906. li (Chief W/T instructor) Ast Hamburg in 1942.

Posted to Tangier in August 1942 as deputy for Hermann GOERITZ, who was then Leiter III Stelle Spanish Morocco.

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Left Spanish Morocco in October 1942, but returned to Tangier in October 1943 as leave substitute for GOERITZ and, as the latter was unable to return, replaced him in December 1943 as Leiter III Stelle Spanish Morocco.

Reported in March 1944 to have organized, in collaboration with Irene BERGER, who subsequently returned to Germany, a stay-behind network operation from Ceuta and independent from the German Consulate, and in the same month he was transferred to Madrid as a result of Allied pressure.

Recalled to Abt III Abwehr Amt in April, 1 944, but returned to Spain, using a false name and under cover of Government economist in October 1944.

Hight 57" (170 cm), slim, dark hair, brown eyes, large nose, healthy complexion, cleanshaven. Passports (1) N° 11/3995/40 and (2) N° 22512251 issued Berlin July 30, 1942. Address (1942, home) Hamburg, Stockelhorn.

From the Petersen's Affidavit signed December 16, 1946:

From May until July 1937: Military training with Flakregiment 6, Hamburg-Osdorf.

In July 1940, again with Flakregiment 6, operating in the zone of interior.

Promoted to Gefreiter in December 1940.

September 1940 in reserve detachment Leichte Flakersatz-Abteilung 91, as clerk of medical officer, Oberarzt Dr. BURDACH until end July 1941.

In October 1940 in Generalkommando X, Hamburg. He received the diploma Interpreter II

August 1941 in OKW (Command of the Armed Forces) Section Ausland, Department Abwehr III, Group IMF, whose chief was Col. ROHLEDER. The chief of Col. ROHLEDER was General Staff Col. von BENTIVEGNI. Petersen was asigned He was assigned to the division Switzerland and his chief was Capt. PESCATORE.

Ordered to Tangiers in 1942 to subtitute Capt. GOERITZ. His mission was observe enemy's intelligence services and conference with Col JUSTE of the Spanish counter intelligence until the suspension of the hostilities.

Connected with ROHLEDER, Lt. Col. von ROSENBERG, Major WERNER, Major MIMR?, CARGANICO, Capt. SALZINGER, Lt. Col. FREUND, Capt. E. R. SCHNEIDE

When he was ordered to go to Tangiers, August 1942, he was working for the OKW-Amt Ausland-Abt. Abwehr III F (Division for Foreign Countries, Section Counter Intelligence III F). The staff of the office in Tangiers was formed by TIETS, PIETS and Frl. BERGER. The offiice was subordinate to the head of the organization, at that time Col. RECKE, with headquarters in Tetuan.

PETERSEN Wilhelm Dr. German agent classified A. Listed as A263. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Deportee Madrid-Germany by Army air November 22 1946. I. Priority. Former German Cultural Attache (Gesandschaftsrat) at German Embassy in Madrid. Friend of KADNER. Information from D.P.Medalie's office: Home address in Berlin. He was there beween August 19 and 29 August 1944 receiving instructions, talking about reduction of his staff and carrying

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out mobilization orders. He informed ELAUSER (probably misspelled), prominent nazi and intimate friend, that UFA's {Universum Film AG) propaganda office was to continue its work in Spain.

A British report dated October, 1944 quoted a Gestapo official as stating that PETERSEN had been under close vigilance for some time, had been permitted to resume his work on September 1 5, had been summoned by charge von BIBRA September 29 and told he was again to go to Germany on order of former Ambassador DIECKHOFF, then reported to be in conference with HIMMLER, von RIBBENTROP and others. Subject did nor return to Germany and apparently continued his work.

Information from London: PETERSEN was probably of Ministry of Foreign Affairs, SI, Kurfurstenstr. 137, Berlin. Reported by reliable German source in 1943 that false American bank notes were distributed by his section. Ambassador Eberhard Von STOHRER (misspelled STEURER in some documents) in 1940 insisted on a new Embassy Cultural Section. PETERSEN was drafted and made Embassy Secretary under Foreign Office Cultural Section; named counsellor and in charge of the Embassy Cultural Section and Cultural Institute 1942. Nazi-Party 1940-1943 and handled their cultural sections. Internal quarrels 1 943-1 944 left him on inactive status. About July 1 944 he was released of all party duties and dismissed. He planned to marry a Spanish woman and remain in Madrid. Regarded by the interviewing officer as an inmitigated liar. Address: Almagro 26, Madrid.

PETRAS, Robert. Chancery counsellor. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

PETTERSSON, Werner. Dr. Physician. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

PETZELD, Willi. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

PETZKA, Josef. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

PFAU, Kurt (Helmut). Repatriated by air from Spain between 29 January to 25 february 1946. Po. No. 0786. Mentioned as interned in Camp 76, Asperg on March 27, 1946. Interrogated between February and May 1946. Subject released to Berlin - Templehof, Burkhardstr 15. British Reports.

Cashier / Paymaster for the Abwehr. Born on 9 March 1901 in Berlin. In August 1944 PFAU and ZIMMER, both of whom work for the Abwehr, Finance Department, flew to Berlin and both returned with Pesetas and gold. PFAU himself brought back a total value of 3.000.000 pts., including gold, of which there were 2 or 3 sacks. ZIMMER, being his senior, would naturally have been given more money as well as more gold. PFAU left Madrid for Barcelona in November 1944 when he considered the Embassy had at least 6.000.000 in reserve. PFAU also said that in Tangier gold was bought by KRUGER (KRUSE), Vice Consul, and REKKE, Head of the Abwehr.

PFAU estimates the monthly total expenses of the Abwehr in Spain at 1 .500.000 pts subdivided as follows:

Y. Services (under PLANKERT) 125.000 pts.

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Naval Met. Trupp.

40.000

Department I. L 60.000 M 60.000 H 150.000 Wl 25.000 I. 100.000 TLW 35.000

Total approx. 450.000 Department II. 100.000 Department III, Madrid 250.000

PFAUS, Andreas. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

PFEIFER, Wenzel. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

PFLUGER SCHULTE, Maximo. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Technician employed in the office of Construcciones aeronauticas, S.A. Born 1901 in Romscheid, Germany.

PFENNIGSDORF, Fritz. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Ihleburg, 29 March, 1926.

PFISTERER, Alfred Oscar, aliases Oscar BINDER, Alfred SCHERZ, Albert PURZER:

German. A member of the Waffen SS from 1933, by 1941 PFISTERER was a Haupsturmfuhrer and the representative of Amt VI in Spain. After the Second World War he married a British woman and settled in the UK. KV 2/3555.

PHILIPPI, Otto Karl. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Representative. Ercilla, 37, Bilbao. Born at Aquadilla, Porto Rico, on 23 December 1903. Passport No. 45/38 issued at Bilbao on 7.7.38. Member of NSDAP and DAF.

PHL, Emanuel. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

PICHELMAYER, Karl. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

Barcelona Headquarter's Wages, etc, Total approx.

100.000 300.000 1.500.000

385

PIECKNICK, Max. Intelligence agent in Spanish Morocco, Tetuan & Ceuta. Classified ll-B in OSS records. Engineer. Went to Morocco at request of Signalwerk representative.

PIELHOFF Y THOMAS, Ernesto. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Zarauz (Guipuzcoa) Industrial engineer. Director of F. Pielhoff y Cia. S.L. (PL). Ernesto Pielhoff Zulaica ha solicitado de esta Alcaldia, que la ... Pielhoff Thomas y Ernesto Pielhoff Thomas, pase a su nombre, con caracter provisional de acuerdo con el art. ... [ Numero 1 12 Fecha 14-06-2006 Pagina 14087 -

PIELHOFF Y THOMAS, Federico. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Zarauz (Guipuzcoa) Industrial engineer with F. Pielhoff y Cia. S.L. (PL).

PIENING, Hermann. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Rambla de Santa Monica 1, Barcelona. Employee of Baquera, Kusche y Martin. Recommended for priority repatriation.

PIEPENHAGEN, Wilhelm. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

PIEPER, Anton. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Representative. Rodriguez Arias, 32. Born at Eversberg, Meschede Westfalen on 8 August 1893. Passport No. 83/34 issued at Bilbao on 6.12.34. Member of NSDAP.

PIEPERJOHANNS / PIEPERJOHANNES, Wilhelm Friedrich. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. 30/7/1925 in Halsbeck Oldenburg. Address in Germany, 1946: Eggeloge, Oldenburg (British zone).

PILCHOWSKI, Hans Albert. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Brazil, 1 July, 1925.

PILZ, Richard Emil Heinrich. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 8/ 11 1 895. Chancellor of the Spanish Embassy at Madrid 1 928-1 945. In Spanish List. Address in Germany: Panoramastr. 82, Stuttgart-Gerlingen (US zone).

PITSCHAK, Johannes. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

PITTACK, Hermann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

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PIWONKA/ PIWOENKA, Kurt. German agent classified B. Listed as B266. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Employed selling spare parts for cars. Address: Muntaner 83, 4°, 3 a, Barcelona.

PLANERT, Arne. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

PLANKERT, Hans Heinz. Oberleutnant. WH. German agent classified A. Listed as A267. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Interned Caldas de Malavella November, 1944. Arrived Germany from Spain May 12, 1946. Born in 1919. Address in Germany: Warstein, Westfalen, Hirschbergerlandstrasse.

From: U.S. Army. European Command. Intelligence Division, Wartime activities of the German diplomatic and military services during World War II, November 18, 1949: "Chief of the Wire Tapping Service. Born on 29 June 1 91 9 in Duisburg. Subject was in charge of the famous wire tapping service. His last assignment was with the German Embassy in Madrid. A complete and detailed report can be obtained from EUCOM Interrogation Section. Subject was transferred to Obersursel on 26 May 1946".

PLATTE, Friedrich alias RUDOLF. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Ronda de la Universidad 33, Barcelona; and Alameda de Recalde 45, Bilbao. Born June 30, 1901 at Salingen, Norde. Member of NSDAP and DAF. Director of Renania S.A. and representative of Hugo Stinnes and other German firms. Passport No. not given issued Burgos on 10.5.1935

PLATZER, Johann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

PLEBAN / PHLEBAN, Alfred / Alfredo. German agent classified B. Listed as B265. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Released May 1946. Address in Germany: b/ Zlatnik, Oberoesterreich, Alt-Munster. German agent engaged in sabotage and espionage activities in Larache, Spanish Morocco. Originally worked for the German firm of marchants Renschausen y C/'a., as cover. Shortly after American landings in Morocco PLEBAN was attached to the Consulate. Described as a dangerous agent. Expelled from Tangier Sept. 30, 1944, B-335 Agents List and III Priority List. Brought to repatriation center under police escort. DOB. Budapest, 32 January, 1903.

PLENIK, August. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

PLOHR, Wilhelm / Guillermo. Head of Nazi Party, Bilbao. Connected with BUNGE. Address: Alameda de Recalde 21, Bilbao. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Alfred Schuette. Elcano 2-4°, Bilbao. Born West-Hoyel-Melle, 14 Oct. 1893. Passport No. 21/37 issued Bilbao. Member of NSDAP.

PLOSS, Richard. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

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POBLADOR, Jose Maria. Intelligence Agent. Subject is forty years of age, five feet nine inches tall, is stout of build and has dark hair. He is a lawyer at Barcelona, Spain and contacted agents for German Vice Consul RUEGGEBERG.

POCHHAMMER, Ernst Otto Erich. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. Interrogated June 28 and July 5, 1946. German. DOB. 12/2/1885 in Berlin. Address in Germany, 1946: Kommandantenstr. 54, Berlin-Lichterfelde (US zone).

Connected to WACHER PFENNIG. In Rotterdam with Butting\ Budding before going to Malaga. Pochammer was interrogated about secret activities of German Consulate and hidden properties in Malaga. He gave no information. Government official, until 1918 in the Prussian Ministry of Justice, henceforth in the Consul Service (...) Thorn, Polish Corridor, 1925-1932; Le Havre 1932-1937; Consul General in 1937; temporary duty at Paris Embassy; Consul Rotterdam 1938-1940; Foreign Affairs 1940-1943; Malaga 1943-1946, with orders to take large premises against the eventuality of having to shut Tangiers. (Consul RICHTER, Tetuan, was to go to Berlin and to be replaced by Consul General PETER-PRIKHAM, who reached Madrid, but could not secure visa for Tetuan. As a consequence, Richter stayed in Tetuan and the Tangiers matters were transferred, not to Malaga but to Madrid for PETER- PI RKHAM). Pochamer name a Ortsgruppenleiter THIEZLER in Malaga. He certified and undersigned under oath, before US authorities, that he never was connected or had had any connections with I.G. Farben, Sofindus or Flick

POCK, Anton. German agent classified A. Listed as A268. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified l-B and ll-B in OSS records. SD Gestapo officer in Spain. Still in Spain in 1946. Krim Sek. German. Born 1905 in Innsbruck, Germany. 1 .83 meters tall, slender, dark complected, with black hair and black eyes. He lives in Barcelona and speaks Spanish. He was sent to Spain as a Kripo employee and stayed a short time at San Sebastian before going to the German Consulate in Barcelona, He was in the NSDAP and SS. Attached to German consulate, Barcelona. Address: calle Modolell 56, 7°, Barcelona.

PODOBNIG, Josef. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

POEPPLER. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Meteorological technician. In Vigo since 1942.

POESCHEL, Robert. Information from Georges DELFANNE. POESCHEL owned a great capital with Otto BRANDEL, more than 1.500.000.000 French Francs. The custodian of this capital was Antonio VARGAS MACHUCA, member of the Spanish consulate in Lisbon. Since 1942 POESCHEL went frequently to Madrid and Lisbon in order to attend counter/espionage matters. VARGAS was his friend and collaborator. The wife of VARGAS was a German. In April, 1943 VARGAS, POESCHEL and Otto BRANDEL had several conferences in San Sebastian, in the course of which they decided to deposit the money and put it into security. In May, 1943, the transaction took place. DELFANNE, POESCHEL, BRANDEL and VARGAS went to St. Jean de Luz, Villaechesua. This house was rented by OTTO and was occupied by a radio-agent named UTHOFF. The house served for the transit of Spanish agents and as resting place for Colonel RUDOLF. The luggage was brought over frontier as "valises diplomatiques" and deposited with and agent of OTTO and POESCHEL named Baron von NAGEL in Villa Maripa Enea, Ategorrieta, San Sebastian. Then the luggage went to Madrid and finally to Portugal. BRANDEL gave VARGA's wife a big

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diamond, remitted to him by his agent Rudolf MERODE. Possibly the money and everything was deposited at the house of Lisbon banker named LARDENT.

POGORZELSKI, Bruno. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

POHL, Anton. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

POHLE, Willi. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). German Foreign Office in Berlin.

POHLY, Leonore. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Mannheim, 3 May, 1895. A-935.

PONS, Philipp. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

POOCK, Gustav. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Engineer. Irun. Born about 1887.

POPPELREUTHER, Hans. Dr. Agent classified ll-A and lll-A in OSS records. Artist. Lectures on German art at the Instituto Aleman de Cultura, Madrid.

POREDA. Agent working for Bureau FELIPE, Operation COSMOS, Algeciras (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on /-M Spain).

POSADOWSKY, Count. Agent classified lll-B in OSS records. Teacher of German, Cartagena, Spain.

POSCHLER, Gotthilf. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

POSNER, Karl. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

POST, Erich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

POSTPICHEL / POSPICHIL, Hans. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Modritz, 18 November, 1921.

POTTHOFF, Heinrich. Dr. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

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PRANGE, Conrad. Verwaltungsdirektor. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

PRANGE, Otto. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

PRATSCH, Lorenz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

PRAU. German agent classified D. Listed as D264. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Pension Augusta (Attached to Restaurant Deop), Barcelona.

PREIL-VEITIA, Otto. Hauptmann. German agent classified B. Listed as B270. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Larache. Captain in Spanish Foreign Legion.

PREISS, Guido. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Larrea. Colon de Larreategui 10, Bilbao. Born Georgenberg, 26 March 1892. Passport No. 41/36 issued Bilbao 22.7.36.

PREUSS / PREUS, Fritz. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Military Secret Service. A-414 Official List and III Priority List. Attached to Madrid and Sevilla airports. DOB. Littschen, 22 January, 1914.

PREUSS, Martin Wilhelm. Repatriated from Spain in September 10 1946.

PRIEGER, Walter. Abwehr agent classified A. Listed as A269. In List of In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Born 1901. Interrogated on July 8, 1946. Manager for Schering (Chemical and Pharmaceutical Products) in Cuba 1928-1931; Colombia 1931-1932; Japan 1933-1941. Address: Via Layetana 47, Barcelona.

He gave information about:

1 . Flix. Flix was the best share counter on Spanish bourses; it was built by MULLER, being called Electro Chemical Trust Flix, and was at Flix. There were German capital behind the organizer, MULLER of the concern, and DUISBERG, of I.G. Farbenindustrie, visited MULLER, roughly yearly, showing close contact.

2. TOEPFER. TOEPFERwas the Paris representative of VELTJENS, appointed in 1943 as Reichs Buying Agent in Chief. His organization was called Rohstoffhandelsgesellschaft.

3. BERNHARDT began by procuring a few planes from Berlin for FRANCO to fly his people to Spain from Marocco, to begin the Civil War. Later he tried to organize GOERING- FRANCO interviews.

4. Shering's real representative was Count SIEFRIED (sic) and PRIEGER helped him. In particular he supervised certain new products at Barcelona: Veramon, Prjunion, Atophan,

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Emutroenien, etc. In his spare time, PRIEGER bought 5.000 blankets from a big company {Fabricas Unidas) in Antequera, on the order of the German Navy and handed these over to Baquera, Kusche y Martin, S.A., Transport Agency, who held the blankets for the Navy, having given PRIEGER a receipt. This was a sample transaction but Navy could not get authority to let PRIEGER go ahead. Sofindus was operating and BERNHARDT was given a monopoly because he had ways and means to getting blankets and other supplies moved, across the frontier, which less powerful people could not garantee. So 5.000 blankets of this sample transaction got handed over to the German Embassy.

PRIEGER was connected to WICHMAN (In Intelligence, Hamburg) throughout the war. . Abwehr in Spain. Repatriated by air from Spain between 29 January to 25 february 1946. Po. No. 0086. Interrogated on the 8 July 1946. British Reports.

Joined Schering A. G. in 1927. Manager for Schering Chemical and Pharmaceutical Products in Cuba 1938-1931. One year in Colombia. 1933-1944 in Japan as manager. He returned to Germany and then went to Spain to keep an eye on Schering's interests.

In 1942-1943 PRIEGER received 400.000 Swiss Francs in the Kantonal Bank, Zurich from the Reichstelle fur Gartenbau for the purpose of buying cocoa. This was done on instructions from Rackwitz & Co. Hamburg, owned by Hugo PRIES, the largest German cocoa dealer with very close ties to Unilevers. In 1944, having bought no cocoa he paid the 400.000 Swiss Francs, on the instructions of PRIES, into a bank account in Zurich of a Mr. MOLLER (?) who was running this account for Harald van NEERGARD (German), owner of Moritz S. A., Barcelona and Spanish Guinea, who was a personal friend of PRIES.

PRIEGER said the 28.000 Swiss Francs transferred to account N° 14478 at the Banque Suisse, Zurich, were sold by PRIEGER to BULDUAN, German lead of Leche Max, living in Madrid. This transaction was arranged by HYPKO, chief accountant with Schering A.G. Berlin. HYPKO, a German, carried out a number of such transactions. Established in business as representative of German machinery Carbotecherik G.m.b.H.

PRILIPP, Wilhelm. Dr. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

PRINZ. German consul in Almeria. Agent working l-M, KO Spanien, Almeria. (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain).

PROCH, Anton. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

PROPFE, Dietrich. Information from OSS Wahington Intelligence records. Washington Office, Special Funds Division Finance, Intelligence: Documents 3401-3450:
 * Subject associated with the management of Sofindus. At one time in Board of Directors.

Secretary of the following firms: Productos Agricolas S.A., Transposes Marion S.A., Aralar S.A., General de Lanas S.A.

PRUSS, Fritz. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Technician at San Pablo airfield, Sevilla. Address claimed: Dehesa de las Vacas, Sevilla.

391

PRZIBYL, Anton. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-

2850 /Representative. Logrono. Hermanos Moroy 7, 4°. Born at Ostrowo on 6 January 1878.

Passport No. 22/38 issued Bilbao in 1938. Member of DAF.

PSCHERER, Franz. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Representative. Dr. Areilza 55, Bilbao, (now believed to be in Allied prison camp). Born at Bremen on 21 February 1909. Passport No. 39/36 issued at Bilbao on 16.7. 36. Member of DAF.

PUIGBELLIVOL, Antonio. Working in Aduanas, Pujol-Rubio SA. Barcelona, Pasaje de la Paz 1 1. Agents for Fundicion Tipografica Neufville SA, Traversora de Garcia 183, Barcelona. Subject wrote Bauer Type Foundry in New York, from Lisbon 9 July 1945 asking their help in selling a Rembrandt self-portrait (60 x 75 cms), possibly a looted work. In ALIU Red Flag Names List

PUTEAU, Adrien. From Hans SOMMER's CI interrogation: Agent for Spanish IS. Present Address: Unknown- 1.80m long face prominent nose dark brown hair Career: Former member of the PPF. From 1 942 until August 1 944 Abwehr agent in Marseille Then went to Spain and was interned at Camp Miranda. Released in January 1945, he first worked for Lopez MORENO in Barcelona and was then engaged by VICENTE. Speaks French with a typical Mediterranean accent.

PUTZKE, Hans Joachim. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 4/7/1920 in Koln. Address in Germany, 1946: Brunnenstr. 102, Hamburg-Bergedorf (British zone).

QUAAS, Ernest. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

QUALO / QUALOE, Gerhard. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Hamburg, 2 July, 1921.

QUATFELD / QUADFLIEG, Peter. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 10/12/1905 in M-Gladbach. Roerhmonderstr. 86, Munchen-Gladbach (British zone).

QUENSTEDT, Franz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

QUERCHFELD / QUERSCHFELD, Georg Albert. Repatriated by air from Spain between 29 January to 25 february 1946. Po. No. 0787. Mentioned as interned in Camp 76, Asperg on March 27, 1946. Interrogated between February and May 1946. British Reports. Founded in Valencia in 1936 the firm Jorge Querchfeld. Head of the German Aid Association {Deutscher Unterstuetzungs) in Valencia and was in charge of the food depot situated in a garage owned by Franz GOTZ at Calle Amadeo de Saboya, 1, Valencia. Early in August 1945, QUERCHFELD reported to have loaded all the provisions in a lorry and removed them to an unknown place. QUERCHFELD is stated to be a dealer in bronze, owner of the firm

392

Querchfeld Bronces Artisticos. The N.S. V leader in Valencia till May 1945. He had an account with Banco de Vizcaya. Engaged in black market.

QUEYRAT, (fnu). From Hans SOMMER's CI interrogation: Present Address: Unknown. Born: 1901 1 .70m oval face grayish hair

Career: Leading member of PPF in North Africa. Came to France in 1 942 as member of the Party's Directorium. Joined French SS in 1944 and later captured by the British. Escaped to Spain with AUMOND and interned at Camp Miranda; freed, through intervention of VICENTE.

Misc: May be sent back to North Africa, by VICENTE as an expert on Arabic matters.

QUEZEL, Paul. Reich Regierung Adviser. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

QUEROL, Rudesindo. Journalist. Subject is forty-three years of age, five feet nine inches tall, slender of build and has dark hair. He is a former journalist and served Vice Consul RUEGGEBERG as contact man for agents on ships in Barcelona and Valencia, Spain.

RAAB, Karl. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

RABE, Felix. Counsellor. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

RABE, Victor. German agent classified C. Listed as C271. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Commision agent. Address: Hotel Galicia, Valverde 1, Madrid.

RADECKE / RADEKE, Alfred. German agent classified B. Listed as B272. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Worked for Amt VI in Valencia and for SD in Barcelona. Owner of firm Valenciana Exportation S.A. In Germany February 1945, but may have returned to Spain. Address> Torredel Cherro, Denia, Valencia.

RADZIWILL, Gustav. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 12/9/1903 in Saalau kr. Insterburg. Address in Germany, 1946: Epe, Post Bramsche, Krs. Bersenbruck, Hannover, bei HACKMANN (British zone).

RAHLEDER, Paul. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Engineer. San Sebastian. Born about 1905.

RAHN, Gunther. Listed to be repatriated from Bilbao September 1946.

RAHN, Wilhelm. German agent classified B. Listed as B273. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. Ortsobmann

393

(local chairman) of DAF and front man for Gestapo in Tenerife. Also agent l-M, KO Spanien, Canaries (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain). Manager of Banco Ahlers. Longtime resident in Canary Islands. Also in Salamanca. From Roberts Commission - Protection of Historical Monuments... Geographical Card File on Possible Art-Looting Subjects > Spain : Platinum buyer through Rafael MOLINA, a silversmith. MIEDL contact through GRAEBNER.

From Records of the American Commission for the Protection and Salvage of Artistic and Historic Monuments in War Areas, 1943-1946. Subject File: Menten. (Attachement 2, dated 13 February 1945: Report on looted Works of Art in Spa/n-MIEDL Case): RAHN. German, owner of Bar Erika. Madrid, may be the same as Wilhelm RAHN, who is reported front man for the Gestapo in Tenerife, and also a platinum buyer through Rafael MOLINA, a silversmith.

RAINER, Josef. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

RALL, Wilhelm. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. Former local chief of DAF, Sevilla.

RAMMING, Johann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

RANDEWIG, Kunlberg. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

RANDORW, Gotz von. German agent classified l-A in OSS records. German army, Bilbao.

RANDT, Louis. Military treasurer. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

RAPP, Gustav. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

RASKOP, Johann. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801- 2850:Minerales de Espana: Office worker. Elcano 8, Bilbao. Born Niederkorn (Luxemburg), 23 July 1901. Passport No. 55/39 issued Bilbao 15.3.1939. Member of DAF.

RATFISH, Werner. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Mining expert. Head manager of Mineira Lisbonense in Portugal. Came from Brazil to Spain, then to Portugal during the Civil War. In Spain in 1946. Cover job: representative for Krupp. Born about 1880 in Wismar, Germany.

RAUCH, Philipp. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

RAUSCHEGGER, Anton. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

394

RECKE, Johann. Col. German agent classified A. Listed as A274. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. German army officer. Formerly in Spanish Morocco, Tetuan. Born April 12, 1894 in Marienwerden, Germany. Expelled from Spanish Morocco to Sapin March 1944.

RECKE, Werner. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Representative. Colon de Larreategui 54, 4o Bilbao, (moved to Madrid - Generalising, 1 on 1.12.42). Born at Letmathe on 21 November 1909. Passport No. 254/39 issued at Barcelona on 14.6.39.

REDER, Dr. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. Landesgruppenleiter KDF Wart, Spain.

REDER, Gustavo. German agent classified C. Listed as B275. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Manager for Juan Reder. Address: Zorrilla 17, Madrid.

REDER KLINGEBEIL, Herbert. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Carbonero y Sol 36, Madrid. Born in Madrid about 1902. Married to German. Chemist and technical manager of Laboratories Gustavo Reder S.A. Active member of NSDAP.

REDER KLINGEBEIL, Juan / Hans. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Vitrubio 20, Madrid. Born in Madrid about 1899. Married to German. Manager of Laboratorios Gustavo Reder S.A. Member of NSDAP. In Proclaimed List.

REDL. Korv. Kpt. I-M, KO Spanien, Madrid and Algeciras (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain).

REH, Bruno. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1 941 ).

REHBER/ REHBERG, Karl. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Employee of Arganda Radio Station. E-20 Official List. DOB. Berlin, 6 March, 1896.

REIBER, Gunther Hugo. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 10/5/1894 or 1884 in other documents in Rufolfstadt Thiir. Address in Germany, 1946: Bohnenstr. 14/15 (British zone).

REICH, Annelise. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. A-418 Official List. DOB. Munchen, 6 October, 1919.

REICHARDT, Albert. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

395

REICHHARDT, Walter Bernhardt. Repatriated from Spain on the Highland Monarch.

Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. German consular employee Sevilla, PLANKERTs office. A-886 Official List. DOB. Nahbollenbach, 1 8 July, 1 91 9. Connected with Juan SCHWITTALLA, Gelves, Sevilla.

REICHHARDT, Marga Augusta Dora. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. German consular employee. Wife of Walter Bernhardt REICHHARDT. DOB. Dungelbeck 9 October, 1914

REICHLAG. Intelligence agent in Spanish Morocco & Melilla. Classified ll-B in OSS records.

REIFEGERSTE, Fritz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

REIG, Margarete. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Martin. DOB. Berlin, 4 March, 1906.

REIG, Salvador. Spanish agent for Abwehr. {General Records Pertaining to External Assets Investigations, compiled 1948 - 1950, documenting the period 1939 - 1950. Series: Repatriates : Spain - General (June 1946- September 1947) )

REIM, Hermann Georg. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 24/3/1908 in Furth i. Bayern. Address in Germany, 1946: Damaschkesstr. 30, Furth in Bayern (US zone).

REIMKE, Ealter. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Counsellor.

REIMANN. In Marine Perch file

REIMER, Eberhard. SS. Head of Censure section. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

REINDL, Anton. Still In Spain in December 19 1946. In files of the Office of Political Affairs, American Embassy, Madrid.

REINEKE, Edmund. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Railway expert. Born about 1895. Has been in Latin America. In Bilbao in 1946.

REINEKE, Franz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

396

REINER, Eugen. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

REINHARDT, Wendelin. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

REINHERTZ, Kurt. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

REINICKE, Heinrich. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Business in own name. Dr. Areilza 22, Bilbao. Born Hainiche Sa., 21 Jan. 1889. Passport No. 27/39 issued Bilbao. Member of NSDAP and DAF.

REINKE. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Madrid.

REISZ Paul. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. Austrian. DOB. 24/9/1901 in Trenc Teplitz.

RELD, Karl. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Algeciras.

REME, Georg Ulrich. Repatriated from Spain in September 10 1946.

REMER, Hans. Lt. Col. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Military attache at the German consulate in Tangier.

REMER, Otto Ernst. Generalmajor. Wehrmacht. Born in Neubrandenburg on 18 August 1912. Died in Marbella, Spain, 4 October 1997. Captured by American troops, and remained a prisoner until 1947. After the war he co-founded the Sozialistische Reichspartei (SRP), advancing Holocaust denial, and is considered the "Godfather" of the post-war Nazi underground. Remer's Socialist Reich Party, which he had co-founded in 1950, was banned in 1952. With the party banned, Remer faced criminal charges from the German government as being the successor party to the Nazis. He was hidden in the chalet of Countess Faber- Castell, an early supporter of the party, before he fled to Egypt. He returned to Germany in the 1980s, creating the German Freedom Movement which advocated a reunified country and the expulsion of NATO. It was an umbrella organisation for 23 underground Nazi organisations and allowed Remer the opportunity to create a new generation of followers.

From 1991 to 1994, Remer put out his own publication, the Remer-Depesche. Remer was sentenced to 22 months of imprisonment in October 1992, for writing and publishing a number of articles that were said to incite "racial hatred", through their questioning of the Holocaust. The political impact of this case upon the government is discussed in Searle's Wehrmacht Generals. His complaint over alleged violations of fairness of trial and freedom of speech was unanimously rejected by the European Commission on Human Rights. In February 1994, Remer went into exile in Spain, in a successful effort to avoid imprisonment for his controversial public statements about the Holocaust. (Information from Wiki)

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RENSCHAUSEN, Adolf. German agent classified A. Listed as A276. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. In Larache. Repatriated from Spain by air (dates from January 29 to February 25, 1946). Po. No. 0075.

RENSCHENBACK, Alfonso. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. German Vice-consul in Barcelona. Former member of the Condor Legion. Address: Arrabal s/n, Barcelona.

REPNOW, Fritz Julius. Repatriated from Spain in September 10 1946.

RESING, Josef. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

RESSING, Pablo, alias PAUL, alias GARCIA, Pablo. German agent classified B. Listed as B277. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Villa Cisneros, Tangier.

RESSLER, Paul. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain.

RETTSCHLAG, Karl Albert (and brother). Agents in Spanish Morocco and Melilla. Classified ll-D in OSS records. Watch makers.

REUSCHENBACH, Alfons Maria. Repatriated from Spain by air (dates from January 29 to February 25, 1946). Po. No. 0087. Interrogated between February and May 1946. Vice Consul. Born on 30 September 1902 in ST. Goarshausen. Subject served with the German Foreign Service as follows:

1927-1930 Diplomatic service after he finished courses at Duesseldorf and Berlin Universities

1930- 1931 Charge d'affairs in Columbia

1931- 1934 Secretary of the German Delegation to the League of Nations 1934-1936 Secretary in the Foreign Service in South Africa 1936-1938 Vice Consul, German Embassy, Memel

1938-1945 Vice Consul, Barcelona, Spain.

Subject released to Frankfurt, Schwanenheim, Slarbrueckenstr. 51.

British Reports. Married in 1940 the daughter of Ferdinand BIRK manager of the Unicolor S. A. (subsidiary of/. G. Farben). He mantained he only had assets in Spain, value 15.000 pts.

398

REUTER, Werner Helmut. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 3/4/1905 in Munchen. Address in Germany, 1946: Luisestr. 34, Bad Nauheim (US zone).

RHEINBADEN, Freiherr, cover name SILBERPFEIL. V-Man. Subject was with Vl-B in Spain and kept close contact with Japanese Ambassador SUMA.

RHEINDORF, Helmut. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

RHONSTOCK, Karl. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

RICHERT, Herbert. German agent classified A. Listed as A279. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. German consul general, Tetuan.

RICHTER, Adolf. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

RICHTER, Erhard. Agent classified lll-B in OSS records. School teacher. Address: Calle Tercio de Montejurra 4, San Sebastian.

RICHTER, Ernst. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Representative. Addresses: Bilbao, Hotel Excelsior, Barcelona, Arbau 177. Born at Gablonz a.N. on 8 February 1897. Passport No. 8247 issued at Koln on 13.7.38.

RICHTER, Fritz. German Government Counsellor. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

RICHTER, Hans. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Attached to German consulate, Madrid.

RICHTER, Heinrich. German agent classified C. Listed as C278. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Living in Cordoba after being released from Caldas de Malavella owing to age.

RICHTER, Herbert Georg. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 30/7/1899 in Dresden. Address in Germany, 1946: Hogenkamp, Bremen-Oberneuland (US zone).

RICHTER, Stefan. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

399

RICHTER, Walter. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

RICHTER, Willi. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

RIECKMANN, Oswald. Dr. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugoy las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). German consul in Berna.

RIEDEL, Alfred. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Hisma Ltda. Employee. Now with Agro, Sevilla. Born Ludwigshafen a. Rh., 28 October, 1907. Member of DAF.

RIEDEL; August. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

RIEDEL, Theodor. Member NSDAP working for Banco Aleman Trasatlantico.

RIEDEL, Walter. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

RIEFLING, Richard. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Technician at San Pablo airfield. Born August 23, 1903.

RIEGER, Artur. Member NSDAP working for Banco Aleman Trasatlantico.

RIEGGER, Rudolf. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Villingen, 4 March, 1913.

RIEKE, Kurt. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 29/4/1899 in Altenburg. Address in Germany, 1946: Nelsee 9, Aschaffenburg.

RIELD, Thomas. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

RIEMANN / RIETMAN, Oskar / Oscar. German agent classified B. Listed as B280. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Commercial agent. Address: calle Plantada 2, Barcelona.

RIEMER, Walter. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Secretary in German Consulate, Barcelona. Address: Santa Tecla 6, Barcelona. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugoy las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

400

RIERA / RIGERA, Luis de, alias PANCHO. Lt. Col. Spanish agent for Abwehr. General Staff, Abt. II. {General Records Pertaining to External Assets Investigations, compiled 1948 - 1950, documenting the period 1939 - 1950. Series: Repatriates : Spain - General (June 1946- September 1947))

RIESINGER, Josef: DOB. Franckenburg, 6 February, 1900. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Subject entered Spain in 1937 and claims to have been a member of the German legion during the Civil War. In 1938 he was imprisoned by the National Spanish authorities and was released in May 1940 when he came to Madrid and entered business. In 1942 he was interned and sent to Miranda Concentration camp. On March 30 1943 the representation in Spain of American Relief Organizations claimed subject as stateless and secured his release. In October 1943 he was again detained but prior to his detention he married a Spanish girl named Angelita ROSALES. He was escorted to the repatriation center under police custody. He was accompanied by his wife.

RIESSER, Hans Einar, Jr. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Formerly in Paris. Born in Berlin about 1920. Came to Spain January 1944.

RIESSLER, Paul. Agent classified B. Listed as B355. German consul at Almeria.

RIESTERER, Helmut Edmond. German agent classified A. Listed as A281. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Owner of Hotel Mediterraneo, Palma.

RIESTERER, Hermann Alfred. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain.

RIFFERT, Erich Arno. Repatriated from Bilbao. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21 , 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Gettin, 17 July, 1924.

RIGGER / RIEGGER, Rudolf Erwin. Repatriated from Bilbao.

RIKIRSCH, Johann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

RING, Philipp. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

RINGWALD, Alfred. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Own furniture company. Alameda de Recalde 11, Bilbao. Born Lahr (Baden), 1882. Passport No. 22/41 issued Bilbao 27.4.41. member of NSDAP.

RIOS CALDERON, Angel. Spanish agent for Abwehr. (General Records Pertaining to External Assets Investigations, compiled 1948 - 1950, documenting the period 1939 - 1950. Series: Repatriates : Spain - General (June 1946- September 1947))

401

RITTER, Dalbert. Agent in Spanish Morocco .Classified l-C in OSS records. Tangier.

RITTER VON GOSE, Franz. Condecorated by FRANCO "Caballero de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas con Encomienda" (BOE, 1 1 Septiembre de 1 940).

RITTINGHAUS, Fritz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

RITTNER, Karl. Cptn. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

RITS, Alberto Francisco. "Oficial en las SS Waffen. Ingreso al pais el 7 de enero de 1949 con el nombre de Rits VAN DESSEL en el vapor "Monte Ayala" en calidad de permanente, con un pasaporte especial otorgado por el gobierno civil de Navarra para ser presentado al consul argentino en Pamplona. El 17 de enero de 1949 declara domiciliarse en Cangallo 1454 Capital Federal.

El 2 de noviembre de 1962 solicita pasaporte (revalida) para viajar a Alemania, Belgica, Holanda y Belgica. Profesion: hotelero. Lugar de Trabajo: Claridge Hotel - Tucuman 535 Capital Federal. El 5 de mayo de 1965 es procesado por el delito de defraudacion dictandosele prision preventiva (Sumario 2414 - Juez Nacional 1 ra. Instancia en lo Criminal de Instruction Dr. Miguel del Castillo)." (Informe Final CEANA, Comision para el Esclarecimiento de las Actividades del Nazismo en la Republica Argentina)

ROCKER / ROECKER, Hermann Friedrich. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Representative. Daoiz y Velarde17, Santander. Born at Stuttgart on 31 March 1 886. Passport No. 81 R 538/36 issued at Berlin on 1 7.4.36. Member of NSDAP and DAF.

RODATZ, Heinrich. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Engineer and aviator with the Junkers firm. German formerly employed as technician by the Spanish Government. Listed for departure on SS Marine Marlin, scheduled to leave the Port of Bilbao about Agust 31 , 1946. Employed by Ministry of Air at Barcelona.

RODEN, Wilhelm Alfred Hans. German agent classified B. Listed as B283. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Alt-Lassig, 9 July, 1918. Marine Marlin deportees categories A, B September 1946. B-354 and III Priority List. . First priority to be interrogated. Address: calle de Rodriguez Arias 32, Bilbao.

RODEWALD, Paul. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

402

RODIGER, August. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

RODRIGUEZ UNCETA/ UNSETA, Octavio. From a French handwritten report dated November 1944 included in Roberts Commission files, Individuals involved in suspicious Art activities, Iberian Peninsula: He sold: four tapestries, one depicting a scene of hunting and a silver tresure for Pts. one million, from France; a flemish sculpture, The coronation of Ste. V, XV century, for Pts. 100,000; a San Francisco by Greco, 150,000 Pts; and works by Dieric Bouts and Thierrg.

RODRIGO, Cesar. From OSS record, dated 5 June 1946: "Subject: Continued collaboration of Barcelona Police (...), who in the past collaborated with AB-Landers in this city, are now assisting them in avoiding Allied control: Cesar RODRIGO: Police agent attached to the Servicio de Estadistica (Spanish C.E. organization of the Alto Estado Mayor).

ROEHNISCH / RHONISCH, Ewald Brjorn. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 30/5/1922 in Kassel. Address in Germany, 1946: Quellhofstr. 40, Kassel (US zone).

ROESSEL, Hans. Condecorated by FRANCO "Caballero de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas con Medalla" (BOE, 1 1 Septiembre de 1940).

ROESSNER, Federico. German agent classified C. Listed as B284. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. General importer and exporter. Address: Av. Generalisimo 30, Madrid

ROGELIO (alias). From Nuernberg Interrogation Records > ... OCCPAC Interrogation Transcripts And Related Records > Dernbach, Friedrich:

Under the PETAIN government ROGELIO had been the warden of La Sante prison in Paris, and then had become an agent of Alst Paris working for NIEBURR. He was a native Frenchman but his parents and wife lived in Barcelona, where his father owned a paper factory and a. printing press. As he had these Spanish connections, he was assigned to the FAK for long-range missions. In January 1945 it was planned to parachute him near Barcelona with the following missions:

(1) To contact his father in Barcelona and have him print French identification papers and food stamps for the use of ROGELIO and future agents.

(2) To proceed to Chalon sur Saone, in the vicinity of which he owned a small estate with a stone quarry, and select a parachute landing site and provide it with light signals.

(3) To set up a transmitter in the stone quarry.

(4) To continue on to Paris and find his friend BARTOLOME, who was active with enemy intelligence. Through him .ROGELIO was to penetrate the service and arrange to have agents parachuted near Kreuznach, so that they could be caught by FAK 313 and played back.

(5) To collect information concerning the Allied front from Switzerland to Luxemburg.

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(6) To discover Germans working for Allied intelligence.

(7) To ascertain the political and economic conditions in France.

It was impossible to put this operation into effect because neither a plane nor sufficient gasoline were procurable. Later an attempt was made to get a plane to parachute him near Chalon, but this also proved impossible. It was then decided to start ROGELIO from Italy, but here again new difficulties had arisen (...)From Italy there were also difficulties. ROGELIO was not strong enough to uss the land route into France, and there were no submarines to transport him by sea, so he use to go to Barcelona by the water route that FLIC was supposed to have established. From Spain it was intended that he go to France(...).

ROGGENBAU-LAAS Karl / Carlos. Interpreter in German Ministry of Labour in Madrid. NSDAP.

ROGER, Pierre. Information of OSS, Art Unit, dated 1sy May, 1945, Individuals involved in suspicious Art activities, Iberian Peninsula: "A well known gangster" A short time ago a Frenchman named Pierre ROGER was offering For sale in Barcelona, through an intermediary, a painting on wood, measuring 70 x 50 cms, attributed to Montecelli and depicting two girls seated on a bench in a garden. The price asked was Ptas. 25,000 but no sale materialised as the prospective buyer offered a considerably lower figure and demanded at the same time a clean bill from the British or American authorities. It is suggested that the picture may at one time have been in the possession of an American consul in Nice, named GOULD."

ROGGEWEEN Margarita Chrliana Gertrud misspelled: ROGGEWEHN, Gertrud, alias Tutas ROGGEWEEN, alias also PUTTHAS / TUTTHAS in German passport, cover- name:TANJA. Female agent working for Abwehr VI /SD.

Information from agent ARNOLD, her handler: "ROGGEWEHN had been married to a Dutch citizen, but had separated from him before the war. She was living in Paris when the Germans marched in, and assumed contact with SD there. SS-Sturmbannfuehrer and Kriminaldirector SCHMIDTZ sent her to Spain to work as an agent, forwarding several thousands Pesetas to ARNOLD to give to her and asking him to stand by her with counsel and aid. Mme. ROGGEWEHN arrived in Madrid in early 1944; during the first months she made several trips to Berlin and Paris, establishing the business which was to serve her cover."

This was a beauty salon. She had also the Spanish representations rights of the French perfumery Worth. Her connection in Worth was a certain M. BLANCHET (or similar name. ARNOLD was not sure about it). ROGGEWEHN had lived for a time with her her, who was married to a German physician named SCHRADER in Nunez de Balboa, 44.

When Karl HERTEL arrived in Spain, he and ROGGEWEHN rented a house at an address in General Mola street, whereupon ARNOLD pass the handling to HERTEL and advised Berlin to that effect. ROGGEWEHN had a valid German passport in the name of PUTTHAS or TUTTHAS and used this passport for her travels to Berlin And Paris. She had also a Dutch passport in her own name. ROGGEWEHN had countless acquaintances among Germans living in Madrid.

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She was also in touch with Ernst ALISCH, of the SD Paris. ROGGEWEHN and HERTEL

continued living together after the war.

ROHE / ROHER, Juan. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. Chief of NSDAP, Santander.

ROHE, Kurt. Bookeeper forSofindus involved in cloaking assets. Still in Spain in May 1946. According to LINDENBERG, he could have made good a boast of beign able to marshal cloaked assets of the company amounting to Pesetas 80.000.000.

ROHRBACH, Hans Bernard Joseph. SD agent. 1.75m, 43 years, brown hair, thin face, heavy built, green eyes. From Art Looting Investigation Unit Final Report:"Director of Cosmos firm. Jewelry smuggler, active in Belgium, Spain and Portugal."

From Roberts Commission, Subject file: Menten:

"German, born Witten (Ruhr) 5 September 1903. Passport No. 337142 issued Antwerp 13 April 1942.

Lived since 1927 in Antwerp where he was considered active German propagandist. Married to Eugenie Gertrud Elizabeth PETERS. Is director-general of Cosmos, long established shipping agency of moderate size which underwent considerable expansion during German occupation. Head office is at 50 Quai Kipdorp, Antwerp, branches in Brussels, Hamburg. Paris. Firm used to ship from Antwerp to Germany in barges large quantities of metal.

Subject was arrested by Portuguese police at Lisbon, 5 June 1944, on charge of smuggling industrial diamonds from Belgium. Diamonds were found in his luggage and he was imprisoned but early in July he was removed to Santa Marta Hospital in Lisbon from which he escaped in Sept.

In Oct. 1944 Karl SCHWARZ VOK BERG was authorized by Berlin to attach subject to his SD organization. British report of 16 November says Spanish police are trying to hasten his departure; may be given a mission in Switzerland."

From Wilhelm PAHL's interrogation (OMGUS, External Assets Investigation, Unit, General Pahl, Wilhelm (Interrogation report):

" ROHRBACH was a client of Westbank Ltd. since 1 941 . He was the owner of Cosmos Transport Kontor Ltd, Antwerp, with branches in Paris, Brussels and Manheim.

- ROHRBACH used to sell diamonds and jewellry for the S.D in Spain and Portugal and, according to PAHL, he worked as a S.D agent in those countries.

- PAHL knows ROHRBACH only from his business connections with Westbank. ROHRBACH used to carry out large-escale compensation transactions between Spain, Portugal and Germany whereby Westbank procured the necessary financial credits and advances.

- ROHRBACH told PAHL on one occasion in 1942 that he was given a responsible post in the S.D., in the liquidation of Belgium Jewry.

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- PAHL states that, while smuggling jewellry into Portugal, ROHRBACH was arrested in Lisbon in April 1943 and sentenced to 9 years imprisonment. In 1944 ROHRBACH succeeded in being released on grounds of ill-health and is still supposed to be in Lisbon at present."

According to Roberts Commission, Subject file: Menten and Loot miscellaneous:^ contact with Charles Georg KONINCKX: "Further information received on KONINCK indicates that he had connections with Hans ROHRBACH, a diamond smuggler, who was arrested by the Portuguese Police on'«Sine 5, 1943 and later escaped. He was carrying looted diamonds from Belgium, which he had orders to exchange for foreign currency. KONINCK was also connected with a certain Adrian Otlot, of San Sebastian and Madrid. Qtlet and Rohrbach are included in the Statutory and the Proclaimed Lists.

ROHRBACH 's connections with GOERING {OMGUS, Interrogations Of All Close Friends Of Nazi Big Wigs Gisela Limberger:

"Q. Did GOERING himself ever go to the Deutsche Bank?

A. No, never. He always sent me.

Q. And you went only a few times?

A. Yes, but I often went to the Thyssen Bank.

Q. Can you remember the name of the man in the Deutsche Bank?

A. He was a director of the Deutsche Bank, Bayrischer Platz ,

(ROHRBACH?).

Q. Was he the only person who handled the GOERING account in the Deutsche Bank? A. The only one I saw.

Q. Did any particular man in the Deutsche Bank have charge of the GOERING account? A. I do not know. No.

Q. How was it that you talked to this man each time?

A. When I became Goering's secretary, I went to the Deutsche Bank and GOERING had written a letter that I was in charge of his money. I went there just to introduce myself. I talked to the director and when I brought a check or letter.he was very friendly. Q. You saw the same man each time? A. Yes."

From Art Looting Intelligence Unit (ALIU) Reports 1945-1946 and ALIU Red Flag Names List

"Cosmos. Antwerp, 50 quai Kipdorp. Shipping firm directed by Hans ROHRBACH. Had

branches in Brussels, Mannheim, Hamburg and Paris."

Diamonds smuggler: " La connexion iberique. Ici, il est clair qu'il ne s'agissait plus de diamants 'vendus' apres avoir ete derobes entre juin et septembre 1941 dans les patrimoines abandonnes par les diamantaires en fuite, mais bien de marchandises confisquees. Dans une phase initiale, les pierres saisies, principalement des diamants bruts, mais aussi des diamants tailles de 290 carats, furent vendues a Frans VAN ELSEN, alors president du Diamantclub. Mais cela n'arriva qu'exceptionnellement. Au fur et a mesure que I'industrie etait reorganisee par LEMBERG et que des canaux de distribution etaient mis en place, les diamants tailles, qui representaient quelque 13.000 carats au total, furent essentiellement mis a la disposition du service du Vierjahresplan a La Haye. La destination de ces pierres ne peut etre etablie que pour quelques lots seulement. Selon des estimations approximatives, quelque 40 % des 13.000 carats, soit environ 5.000 carats, devraient avoir ete achemines jusqu'a la firme Westen GmbH de La Haye, une societe de blanchiment sous le controle du Vierjahresplan. Westen devait trouver acquereur pour les diamants derobes sans eveiller les soupgons des acheteurs potentiels (ou des Allies). Les diamants furent

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vendus a I'etranger contre des devises et de Tor sur ordre de Hermann GORING, par I'intermediaire d'une personne ou d'une societe allemande. Les acheteurs se trouvaient en Suisse, au Portugal, en Espagne, en Grece, en Turquie et en Suede.334 Cependant, les echanges ne s'organiserent que lentement et en 1944, la majeure partie des diamants etaient toujours en Allemagne. Debut 1943, une partie du Treuhandgut fut vendue par PLUMER, et done par la firme Westen, a Breugelmans afin d'etre echangee contre des devises fortes. BREUGELMANS fit intervenir I'agent allemand Hans ROHRBACH pour ecouler les diamants a I'etranger. La marchandise representait au moins 3.500 carats pour une valeur d'environ 1 1 .000.000 BEF, et fut proposee a la vente par Rohrbach lors de divers voyages en Espagne et au Portugal. La masse de diamants vendue par ROHRBACH sur ordre de PLUMER et consorts etait done superieure a 3.500 carats; le poids exact ne put etre determine avec precision. ROHRBACH fut finalement capture par les autorites portugaises et mis sous les verrous. Comme nous le precisons plus haut, les diamants restants furent confisques par les autorites portugaises.

335 Les destinataires furent les suivants : le Suisse Albert PLAJET / Jerez de la Frontera
 * 850.000 BEF ; le Frangais Armenac HAMPARZUMIAN (originaire d'Anvers) :

6.250.000 BEF ; les societes Armando Halpern et Nunes Pinheiro (Portugal) : 482 carats pour 1.250.000 BEF ; saisis par les autorites portugaises : 562,13 carats pour 2.500.000 BEF. Des lots encore plus importants furent vendus a HAMPARZUMIAN (probablement pour 2.000.000 CHF) et un certain "X" dont ROHRBACH refusa de reveler le nom, meme apres la guerre. Les archives mentionnent cependant un certain KOSSLER sur lequel, toutefois, aucune information ne fut retrouvee. PLAJET est probablement I'administrateur de la societe Vda. de E. Plaget (? probably Piaget), Primo de Rivera 20, Jerez de la Frontera (W. Milton, ambassade du Royaume-Uni a Madrid, a Jacques de Thier, charge d'affaires beige a Madrid, 17/X/1946 (Auditorat militaire d'Anvers, Affaire 78/44 Frensel, III "Diamantzwendel Spanje "))." {Commission d'etude surle sort des biens des membres de la Communaute juive de Belgique spolies ou delaisses pendant la guerre 1940-1945, Rapport final, pp. 283-284).

ROHRSCHEIDT / RORSCHEIDT, Kurt von. Oberstleutnant. Chief of Referat III as of February 1945. Councillor at German Embassy, Madrid. In Bucharest until 1941 when he came to Spain. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified A and l-B in OSS records. Oberst. WH. Arrived Germany from Spain May 12, 1946. Born in 1893. Address in Germany: Berlin-Charlottenbg. Neue Grolmannstr, 2. Address in Spain: Diego de Leon 55, Madrid and Velazquez 55, 4th floor.

ROINFRITZ. Intelligence agent in Spanish Morocco & Melilla. Classified ll-B in OSS records. Wireless Operator.

ROLLER, Karl. Representative. . Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

ROMANOWSKI, Herbert. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Niederbreitbach, 15 February, 1922.

RONNA, Johan. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Technician at San Pablo airport, Sevilla. Born about 1910.

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ROOCK, Georg. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Representative. Hotel Excelsior, Bilbao. Born at Frankfurt a.O. on 4 January 1868. Passport N° 1 54/39 issued at Bilbao on 4.8.39.

ROOS, Theo. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

ROOVER, Leonardo DE. Condenado a muerte por el Consejo de Guerra de Bruselas. Nacio el 1 de diciembre de 1 908 en Reet, Belgica y llego a Argentina el 4 de julio de 1 947 en el vapor "Monte Ayala", procedente de Bilbao.

ROSAR, Peter Emil. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Nova, S.A. Employee. Elcano 23, Bilbao (left for Africa). Born Friedrichsthal/Saar 17 Feb. 1912. Passport No. R 17 issued Celle 3.9.35. Member of NSFK and DAF.

ROSE, Aloys. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850:

Erhardt & Co. Dr. Areilza 12, 3° dcha., Bilbao. Born Duisburg, 5 Sept. 1903. Passport No.

1 69/39 issued Bilbao 31 .8.39. Member of DAF.

ROSE, Gerhard. Dr. Chief Physician at Robert Koch Institut, Berlin. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugoy las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

ROSENZWEIG, Johann Werner. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 22/8/1922 in Erlangen. Address in Germany, 1946: Waldstr. 24, Erlangen (US zone).

ROSER, Albert Friedrich. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 22/4/1916 in Lorrach Baden. Address in Germany, 1946: Wallbrunn 106, Lorrach, Baden (French zone).

ROSS / ROST, Arthur Helmut. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Grossraschutz, 1 June, 1908. A-753.

ROSS Gustav. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Representative. Calle Miranda 5, Burgos. Born Langreo, Spain; on 19 September 1890. Passport No. 292R/360/36 issued at Berlin on 1 9.2.37. Member of DAF.

ROSSA, Ernst. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Representative. C. Barrio Gimeno, 16, Bilbao. Born at Regensburg on 4 August 1901. Passport No. 14/38 oe issued at Burgos on 6.9.38.

ROSSA, Viktor. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Employee of Arganda Radio Station. E-21 Official List. DOB. Belin, 13 October, 1901

ROSSMAN, Friedrich / Frederico / Federico. Intelligence agent in Spanish Morocco & Melilla. Classified ll-B in OSS records. Radio specialist. Born in Stuttgart, October 23, 1898.

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ROSSNER, Friedrich. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Representative. Hotel Excelsior, Bilbao. Born at Wien on 27 December 1908. Passport No. 507/39 issued at Vigo on 24.3.39.

ROTH, Alfred. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

ROTH, Wilhelm Friedrich. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 1/12/1913 in Aue Kr. Eschwege. Address in Germany, 1946: Langestr. 33, Aua, Krs. Eschwege (US zone).

ROTHFRITZ. I-M, KO Spanien, Ceuta (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain).

ROTHFRITZ, Joseph. German agent classified B. Listed as B287. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Manager. Edelweiss Restaurant, Jovellanos 7, Madrid.

ROTHKIRCH und PANTHEN, Bertha Maria Luise. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch

7 March, 1946. Son: Rudiger. E-90 Official list. DOB. Hamburg, 15 May 1913.

ROTTENKOLBER, Karl. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. German Embassy employee, PLANKERT's office. A-436 Official List. DOB. Marktredwitz, November, 1921.

ROTTER, Ernst. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

ROTTMANN, Johann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

RUBEL, Carlos. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Engineer at Friere's machine shop in Vigo. Born about 1895. Address: Avenida del Generalisimo, 5, Bouzas, Vigo.

RUBEL, Otto. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

RUCKAUER, Hans. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Representative. Dr. Areilza 2, Bilbao. Born. at Grossenhain on 25.8.00. Passport No. 261 issued at Stuttgart on 9.7.38. Member of NSDAP, DAF, and NSV.

RUDIGER / RUEDIGER, Otto. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

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RUDLOFF, Benno. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Ribera 3, Valencia. Employee of Baquera, Kusche y Martin. Recommended for priority repatriation.

RUDNICK, Kurt. Dr. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). German legation in La Habana (Cuba)

RUDOLF, alias RECKE, alias MORUNO. Obst/Lt. I-M, KO Spanien, Spanish Morocco (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain). " The Letter of Nest Tetuan was Obst RUDOLF, alias RECKE, who was considered the best operator in North Africa. He used a great number of agents, mostly Arab and Moroccan traders. Each one supplied him with a small bit of reliable information, and because of the multitude of his agents RUDOLF was able to piece together a reasonably comprehensive picture of what was going on in the area under observation. The bulk of the intelligence secured by this Nest was concerned with French Morocco and Algeria. From reading RUDOLF'S reports, KURRER is fairly sure that he never sent any agents to the US or England. In 1944, under Allied pressure, Spain forced Germany to close down this station, and RUDOLF was sent to KdM Stuttgart as Leiter I." (See KURRER, Otto)

RUDOLF, Franz. Marine Marlin deportees categories A, B September 1946

RUDOLF / RUDOLPH. Hauptmann (Captain / Major). Chief assigned to // KO Spanien in 1 941. The failure of most of the projects initiated under RUDOLF was largely due to his inexperience and lack of initiative.

RUDOLF, Ruhl. Agent classified lll-B in OSS records. Professor at Colegio Aleman. Address: Amazonas 5, Andalucia (sic).

RUDOLF, Wilhelm. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Technician at San Pablo airfield, Sevilla.

RUDOLPHI SCHNEIDER, N. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Electrical engineer. Born about 1888. Address: Villa Rosa, Valle de los Galanes, Malaga.

RUDORFF, Hedwig / Hete von. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. 10 September, 1905. Marine Marlin deportees categories A, B September 1946. A-437 and IV Priority List. First priority to be interrogated.

RUDORFF, Kate von. Repatriated from Bilbao.

RUDT, Erwin. Agent in Spanish Morocco and Tetuan. Classified ll-D in OSS records. Engineer, importer and commission agent. Address: Calle General Prim 12, Tetuan.

RUEGGEBERG / RUGGEBERG, Friedrich, alias FEDERICO. Dr. Konsul. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified l-B in OSS

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records. Subject is sixty-seven years of age, has white hair, heavy build and is five feet nine inches tall. He was the German Vice Consul in Barcelona and in charge of Abwehr activities there. ( I Wi and IM). Subject was in the Abwehr in the first World War and later went to Spain as a representative of the I.G. Farbenindustrie. Consul in Barcelona. He used the diplomatic courier mail of the Consulate to enter diamonds, art and gold looted. Connected with KAISER, Lt.„ URBANECK, THEBE, KONNEKE, WENDEL and German jeweler Rudolf BAUER. Received orders directly from Chief KO Spanien KLEYENSTUEBER in 1945. Address: Calle de Vico 6, Barcelona. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

RUETH, Wilhelm. German agent classified B. Listed as B289. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Working for German consul, probably under business cover.

RUHL / RUEHL. German Government Counsellor. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

RUIZ, alias RAYO. From STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain :"Was an agent of the Spanish secret police. His headquarters was in calle del Arbol. Spied at Algeciras, la Linea and Gibraltar. He supplied information on new weapons of the Allies, his principal task beign the collection of information on Hedgehog and various types of radar."

RUIZ DEL VALLE / del VALLE. Intelligence Agent. Subject is thirty-five years of age, five feet ten inches tall, is slender of build and has dark hair. He belonged to Captain CHAMMORRO's unit in Figueras, Spain. He also worked for Vice Consul RUEGGEBERG at Barcelona, Spain. He has lived in the United States.

RULLMANN, Heinz Hermann. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 26/10/1912 in Osterkappeln. Address in Germany, 1946: Bermerstr. 13, Osterkappeln bei Ossabruck (British zone).

RUNDT, von. Col. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Madrid. Born about 1885

RUNGE, Fritz. Corporal. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. German Embassy employee, PLANKERT's office. A-440 Official List / A-439 in some documents. DOB. Justeborg, 1 April, 1899.

RUPRECHT, Hans. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Stettin, 30 August, 1912. A-1027.

RUSCH, Franz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

RUSCHEWEY. From Obst/Lt Friedrich DERNBACHs CI Intermediate Interrogation Report (CI-IIR) No 57, dated 11 December, 1946: "Career: RUSCHEWEY was a business man, and V-Mann of Obst RUDOLF. He was presumed to work in Spain end Switzerland. DERNBACH

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saw him in Aix les Bains in 1944. RUSCHEWEY was known by most Abt I officers. He came from the Rhineland, possibly Cologne.

RUSER, Hans. Dr. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Attached to German Embassy, Madrid. Journalist: Europa Press and German Legation.

RUSS, Franz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

RUSS, Johann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

RUTEA MURCIANO, Evaristo. Inspector de Primera Clase del Cuerpo Nacional de Policia. Active till 1948 (see BOE, No 137, 16 Mayo 1948). Connected with Telefonica de Espaha. Decorated by FRANCO with the Cruz del merito militar con distintivos bianco y rojo and Cruz de campana con distintivo de vanguardia. Died 26 June 1950 in Barcelona. Married Magdalena OLIVER CONTESTI. From OSS record, dated 5 June 1946: "Subject: Continued collaboration of Barcelona Police (...), who in the past collaborated with AB-Landers in this city, are now assisting them in avoiding Allied control: RUTEA: Police inspector, former chief of Police at Puigcerda (Gerona), reported to be assisting AB-Landers who are hiding in Barcelona. "

RUTHLAG, Kurt. Agent in Spanish Morocco and Melilla. Classified ll-D in OSS records. Watchmaker.

RZEHAK, Ernst. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SAALMANN, Otto. Instalaciones Industriales. AddressUzola 5, Bilbao. Born Lubast, 13 July 1893. Passport No. 201 issued Nago. Member of DAF.

SACHS, Ernst. Inspector of the SS Signals. SS N° 278781 NSDAP N° 4167008. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

SACHSE, Paul. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SACHSE, Wolgang. German formerly employed as technician by the Spanish Government.Listed for departure on SS Marine Martin, scheduled to leave the Port of Bilbao about Agust 31, 1946.

SACK, Friedrich Wilhelm von. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Working for Nazi cabinet.

SACK, Wolgang. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Martin. DOB. Elberfeld, 20 June, 1927.

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SADOWASSER, Willi. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SAEMISCH, Erich. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Berlin-Charlottenburg, 9 September, 1911. Marine Marlin deportees categories A, B September 1946. B-368 and III Priority List. . First priority to be interrogated.

SAEMISCHE, Ernesto. German agent classified D. Listed as D290. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Address: Blasco de Garay 10, Barcelona.

SAENZ, Francisco. Spanish agent for Abwehr. (General Records Pertaining to External Assets Investigations, compiled 1948 - 1950, documenting the period 1939 - 1950. Series: Repatriates : Spain - General (June 1946- September 1947) ).

SAKIC, Ljubomir Bilanovic alias Dinko. Ustasha ." Nacido el 1 de octubre de 1921 en Studenci, Croacia. Ex-comandante del campo de concentration de Jasenovac, Sakic fue motivo de pedidos de extradition de Croacia y Yugoslavia, ambos presentados en 1998, luego de gestiones anos antes de la B'nai B'rith International ante e! primero de los paises arriba mencionados.

Sakic arribo a la Argentina el 22 de diciembre de 1947 a bordo dej vapor "Tucuman, procedente de Genova, portando una identification dei Comite Internacional de la Cruz Roja, y un permiso de libre desembarco otorgado por la Delegation Argentina de Immigration en Europa el 3 de diciembre de 1947, que lo identificaba como mecanico.

El 3 de febrero de 1956 solicito pasaporte y certificado de buena conducta para viajar a Espana. Para esa fecha se presenta como argentino naturalizado, domiciliado en Rosario, y de profesion comerciante. Tres anos despues, ei Consulado de la Republica Argentina en Barcelona ordeno la repatriation de Sakic, su esposa e hijos, radicados hasta entonces en Valencia.

El 31 de agosto de 1961 solicito duplicado de cedula de identidad, declarando ser comerciante domiciliado en San Justo, provincia de Buenos Aires, y cuatro anos despues documentos para viajar a Espana y Canada. Tambien solicito pasaporte el 24 de abril de 1969 para viajar a ambos paises, amen de los EE.UU. En esta ultima ocasion menciona a Lucas Juric como una de las personas que lo conocen y pueden informar sobre el.

El 13 de octubre de 1971 y el 4 de noviembre de 1972 Sakic solicito renovation de pasaporte para viajar a Espana en la primera oportunidad, y a los EE.UU. en la segunda. De noviembre de 1971 data la primera solicitud de datos de identidad y domicilio sobre Sakic, presentada a la Direction de Investigaciones de la Policia Federal. El 2 de setiembre de 1976 ante una ulterior requisitoria de information del Banco Provincia de Buenos Aires, sucursal Lomas del Mirador, por una deuda en mora, la Policia Federal respondio que Sakic habia revalidado su pasaporte para viajar a los EE.UU.

El 14 de setiembre de 1976 Sakic renovo su pasaporte en Espana declarandose comerciante domiciliado en Valencia, y seis anos mas tarde denuncio ei extravio del pasaporte expedido por las autoridades consulares argentinas en Valencia.

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Entre sus antecedentes registrados en diciembre de 1981 consta que habia existido un pedido de captura por estar acusado de ser depositario infiel, causa por la que fue sobreseido definitivamente el 18 de marzo de 1983. Meses antes, en setiembre de 1982, se declare prescripta la accion penal por los delitos de falsificacion de documentos privados y estafa de Sakic.

El 26 de setiembre de 1985 solicito revalida de pasaporte para viajar a Espana, entre otros paises, donde fue detenido en el aeropuerto de Barajas el 31 de marzo de 1986*. Sakic figura como conocido "activista croata en Europa, relacionado con grupos terroristas, produciendose su detencion en compama de Juan Luis Pelikan, este ultimo vinculado a actuaciones sumariales instruidas con relacion al trafico internacional y falsificacion de moneda. En el momento de la detencion ambos poseian pasajes para viajar a Teheran.

El 16 de febrero de 1990 Interpol Asuncion requirio antecedentes sobre Sakic por ser presunto autor de esta millonaria estafa e Interpol Madrid informo que el causante habia sido objeto de un control por parte de los servicios Marbelia/Malaga. La inexistencia de otros antecedentes y pedidos de captura en e! orden internacional desembocan en autorizacion para que se revalide el pasaporte para viajar a Espana y Alemania.

El 13-03-93 Interpol Ottawa informa que la Oficina de Cnmenes de Guerra estaba investigando al sujeto por cnmenes durante la 2da. Guerra Mundial. El 14 de abril de 1998: La Delegacion Dolores informa que Sakic no registra antecedentes y que se declara prescripta la accion penal.

16 de abril de.1998: El Poder Judicial de la Nacion encomienda investigar la residencia y paradero del causante, ante el pedido del Gobierno de Croacia.

24 de abril de 1998: En la fecha y a requerimiento de Interpol se registro en el sistema de informatica el paradero del ciudadano croata DINKO SAKIC.

30 de abril de 1998: Se ordena, a traves del Juez Federal Bernasconi, \a inmediata detencion de Sakic, en el domicilio de la calle 9 N° 258 de Santa Teresita - Buenos Aires, para trasladarlo a Dolores.

Recibida la solicitud de extradicion por parte de la Republica de Croacia, por presuntos delitos contra la humanidad y el derecho internacional (cnmenes de guerra contra la poblacion civil) el Juez Bernasconi resuelve:

Ordenar la detencion de Sakic y liberar oficios a diferentes autoridades. {Informe Final CEANA, Comision para el Esclarecimiento de las Actividades del Nazismo en la Republica Argentina)

cabinet, later found guilty and sentenced to ten-year in prison on charges of their involvement in "dirty war" against ETA on 24 January 1996. Jose Maria RODRIGUEZ COLORADO, Director General de la Policia, found guilty and sentenced in 2002 to six years in prison for embezzlement of Public Funds, and Fernando LEDESMA BARTRET, Ministro de Justicia. (Note by E. Meyer)
 * Spanish personalities involved: Jose BARRIONUEVO, Ministro de Interior m Felipe GONZALEZ'S

SALAMA, Jacob and Samuel. Owner of J. Salama & Sons. From Intelligence report issued by Intelligence Division Office of Chief Naval Operations Navy Department, dated 31 May, 1945 (OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Records 1942 1946 226): " The SALAMA family in conjunction with the BENDRAO clan controls the bulk of the import business in Tangier through their influential political connections; evidence of such connections is best found in the fact that this combination has hold contracts for many years supplying the Commissary Department of the Spanish Army of Morocco."

414

SALUSCHKE, Richard / Ricardo. DOB. Brieg, 6 October, 1893. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Rabid nazi. A-443 Official List and III Priority List .Lieutenant Colonel, Generl Staff paymaster in the Wehrmach pay office at Salamanca 4, Madrid.. In 1941 the Deutsche Wehrmachtskasse was opened in Spain for payments to soldiers of the Blue Division and their dependents. SALUSCHKE arrived in Nov. 1942 and ran the Cassa till the collapse. The money was produced by the Spanish Government and charged against the Civil War Debt to a total of 370.000.000 Pesetas. This was all paid out except roughly 85.000 pts which were handed back to the Spanish Government in May 1945. The safe deposit in the Banco Hispano Americano, Madrid, reglered in the names of SALUSCHKE and Karl SCHATZMANN, property of the Wehrmachtkasse, was used by them to store German Marks taken from Blue Division soldiers home on leave in exchange for Pesetas.

SALVICHE (Family). Involved in Cloacking Nazi money {External Assets Investigations, compiled 1948 - 1950, documenting the period 1939 - 1950. Repatriates : Spain - General (June 1946- September 1947). Owners of Hotel Mijas, Mijas, Malaga, Spain.

SAMSTAG, Ernest / Ernesto. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Mechanical engineer at Opel. Had controlling interest in the Granja Royal and the Hotel Oriente, Barcelona.

SANCHEZ, Apolinar. From Information of OSS, Art Unit, dated 7 March, 1945, Individuals involved in suspicious Art activities, Iberian Peninsula: "Calle Santa Catalina 5, Madrid. Antique dealer. Reported to have been in frequent contact with German and Japanese embassies". From OSS record dated 7 March, 1945 (...)"Decided Germanofile in permanent contact with the German Embassy in Madrid and particularly with Counsellor Hans LAZAR who buys antiques and works of art through him. LAZAR is one of SANCHEZ'S best clients and visits his shop several times a week, LAZAR presumably also acts as intermediary in the disposal of goods already brought or arriving from Germany. Another very good client of SANCHEZ is the Japanese Ambassador in Madrid. SANCHEZ has Made a considerable fortune during this war by his collaboration with the Germans." Another client was minister SCHROETTER and his wife (from a French report in same file)

SANDER, Friedrich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SANZ, Felipe. Owner of an art dealer's establishment in Madrid in Plaza de las Cortes N° 3, tf.23596. In addition he is the owner of the Aquarium cafe and Casablanca night club.

SARTOR, Fritz. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Honningen, 7 August, 1922.

SARTORRE, (fnu). From STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain:"Was the chief of the European Department in the Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, and was the source of many of the dispatches from attaches to the Foreign Ministry."

415

SASS, Erich. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

SASSE, Karl. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SAUER, Heinrich. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Maximo Aguirre 17, Las Arenas (Bilbao). Born Saarbrucken 1878. Passport No 3560/ 42 issued San Sebastian 9.6.42. Member of DAF.

SAUERBREY, Helmut. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Reichbank counsellor.

SAUERMANN, Walter. Agent classified A. Listed as A291. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. German consul. Las Palmas

SAUL Technical manager of C/'a de Lanas. Smuggler.

SAUTER, Heinrich. Dr. Hauptschriftleiter. NS Propaganda. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

SAUTER, Josef. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SBARDELLA, Josef. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHAAF-BECKER /SCHAAF-BERKER, Alfred. German agent. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. 21 October, 1903. . In 1945 posed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHAAL, Alfred. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHAD, Ernst / Ernesto. Agent classified C. Listed as C292. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Address: calle Concha 28, Bilbao. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Representative. Colon de Larreategui 18, Bilbao. Born at Frankfurt a.M. on 30 May 1887. Passport No. 135/40 issued at Bilbao on 22.8.40. Member of DAF and NSV.

SCHADE, Kurt. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

416

SCHADE, Theodor, alias MARTIN. Major. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. SD Gestapo in Spain. Agent classified l-B and ll-B in OSS records. Attached to German Embassy, Madrid. Born about 1900 in Dusseldorf. Aviation technician and pilot of Heinkel 111. Crash-landed 1 st May 1 945.

SCHAEFER, Eduardo. Dr. Agent classified B. Listed as B294. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Customz' agent at Via Layetana 17, Barcelona.

SCHAEFER, Oscar. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Villa Maribel, Calle Cielo Azul, Chamartin de la Rosa, Madrid. Born June 18, 1903 in Bochum. Married; two children in 1946. Assistant director of Banco Germanico de la America del Sur. Aviation technician. Exempted from military service for being SD agent dealing with financial questions.

SCHAEIDT, Emilio / Emil. Agent classified B. Listed as B295. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Address: Zulueta 4, Las renas, Bilbao. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Tresmafil S.A. Calle Errekagane 8, Las Arenas (Bilbao). Born Lebach, 22 Sept. 1883. v Passport No. 61/36 issued Bilbao. 27.7.36.

SCHAFER, Helmut Karl Wilhelm. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Sargeant in German army. Madrid.

SCHAFF. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. Local chief of DAF, Tenerife.

SCHAFFHUSER, Richard. Agent classified lll-A in OSS records. Professor of engineering at School of Highway Engineers, Madrid. Born March 29, 1893, Emmendinger, Germany.

SCHALLER, Luis. Member NSDAP working for Banco Aleman Trasatlantico.

SCHALLSCHMIDT, Otto. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHANK, Hermann. Member NSDAP working for Banco Aleman Trasatlantico.

SCHANZE, Ludwig. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

SCHAPER, Friedrich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHARF, Eduard. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

417

SCHAUB, Alois. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHAUDINN, Gans. Counsellor. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

SCHAUFFEUR, Wilhelm / Guillermo. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Aviation technician at Las Rozas airfield, Lugo. Born about 1900. Address: Hotel Mendez Nunez, Lugo.

SCHAUHS / SCHAUSS, Giinther Karl Hans. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 14/9/1926 in St. Gallen Schweitz. Address in Germany, 1946: Helgenbach 37, Wetzlar a. d. Lahn (US zone).

SCHAUINSLAND, Dr. Walter. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Marine Marlin deportees categories A, B September 1946. B-377 and III Priority List. First priority to be interrogated.

From: U.S. Army. European Command. Intelligence Division, Wartime activities of the German diplomatic and military services during World War II, November 18, 1949: "Abwehr Agent. Born on 21 March 1893 in Bremen. Subject formerly lived in the United States where he became a naturalized citizen. He holds a certificate of discharge, from the U.S. Armed Forces, dated 1927, as well as a U.S. passport, which, since he left that country clandestinley, contains no indication that he ever departed. In Madrid he was living from at least August 1944 to April 1945, during which period he was in contact with K.D.M Spain. Subject was an agent of N.E.S.T Bremen and proceeded on a mission for that organization to the United States. At the time he was apprehended he was in possession of a U.S. passport, a forged German passport, No 16534 issued in Barcelona in 1943. Subject released to Bremen, Humboldstr." In Hotel Nacional, Madrid, August 1944.

SCHEBSTADT, Paul. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Employee at Arganda radio station, Spain. E-23 Official List. DOB. 17 March, 1904.

SCHECKEL, Georg. Member NSDAP working for Banco Aleman Trasatlantico.

SCHEERBAUM, Hans. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHEIB, Hans. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Representative for Riefenstahl Fil, Berlin. Address: calle Antonio Maura 4, Chamartin de la Rosa, Mdrid.

SCHEIBER. Intelligence agent in Spanish Morocco & Melilla. Classified ll-B in OSS records. Radio Station operator. Address: Calle O'Donnell 41, Melilla.

418

SCHELLERT, Gerhardt. Repatriated from Spain by air (dates from January 29 to February 25, 1946). Po. No. 0097. Born on 28 September 1887 in Farsleben. Subject held various positions with the German Foreign Service as follows:

1931- 1932 Consulate in Pressburg

1932- 1934 Gesandschaftsrat of Embassy, Buenos Aires 1935-1939 Legationsrat, Berlin

1939- 1940 General Konsul I Klasse, Antwerp

1940- 1941 General Konsul II Klasse, Deutsche Handelsgesellschaft,W\esbader\.

1942- 1943 General Konsul I Klasse, Berlin

1943- 1945 General Konsul I Klasse, Venice

Subject had been a member of the Deutsche Corps since 1920. He became a member of the NSDAP only in 1943. Subject released to Berlin NW 87, Flothowstr. 9.

SCHEMPP, Otto. Dr. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Kolnische Zeitung.

SCHENHOFER, Fritz. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Technician. Barcelona. Born about 1900.

SCHENK, Paul. German formerly employed as technician by the Spanish Government.Listed for departure on SS Marine Marlin, scheduled to leave the Port of Bilbao about Agust 31, 1946. DOB. Krefeld. 1 October, 1914.

SCHEPP, Josef. Dr. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Chemist of Chemische Fabrik

Marienfeld, Germany. In Spain in 1946.

SHEPS. Gestapo agent and looter. Card file from DGER, 1945: "Arrive en Espagne depuis 6 semaines; porteur d'une grosse fortune; san doute produit du vol et du pillage en pays occupes. Ne souhaite pas returner en Allemagne mais rester en Espagne jusqu'a la fin de la Guerre. II y aurait interet a obtenir des precisions sur son activite avant et depuis la guerre. Son role dans la Gestapo. Sur les procedes employes dans l-etablissement de sa fortune. (...) Se cache en Espagne.

SCHERER, Hugo. Dr. and Lt. Col. Agent classified l-B and IV-B in OSS records. Lt. Col. in German army. Head of Hitler Youth, Madrid. Born about 1900. Address: Agustina de Aragon 5, Hotel Madrid, Madrid.

SCHERZINGER, August. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Secretary of German Consulate, Valencia. Employee with the German firm Maximo Buch

419

S.A. Valencia. A-953 Official List and II and III Priority List. Brought to repatriation center under police escort. DOB. Guttenbach, 15 March, 1885.

SCHESACK, George W. / SCHESAK, Gregor. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Address: Calle de Salmeron 38, Barcelona.

SCHEUBER, Irmgard. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. E-131 Official List. DOB. Petersburg, 9 March, 1915.

SCHEWENNICKE, Ernst. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Technician at San Pablo airfield, Sevilla. Born July 29, 1909. Address: Finca de los Espartales, Sevilla.

SCHIEFER / SCHIEFFER, Max. Agent classified A. Listed as A297. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent working l-M, KO Spanien, Malaga, (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain). Manager of Scholz Hermanos.

Wine merchants. Address: Villa Elvira, Paseo Mir, Malaga.

SCHIETH, Ewald. German formerly employed as technician by the Spanish Government.Listed for departure on SS Marine Marlin, scheduled to leave the Port of Bilbao about Agust 31, 1 946. A-1 005 and IV Priority List.

SCHIEWE, Gustav. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHIFER, Max Hermann. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 13/12/1906 in Pfullingen Wurtt. Interrogated July 8, 1946. Not in London II. In Spanish list. Worked in Valencia 1929 and for Scholtz Hermanos S.A. in Malaga since 1938 to 1945. He gave little information about Neva S.A, Malaga, GUISE, Rowak and BERNHARDT.

Notwithstanding, he certified and undersigned under oath, before US authorities, that he never was connected or had had any connections with I.G. Farben, Sofindus or Flick. Address in Germany, 1946: Amselstr. 40, Schramberg, Wurttenberg (US zone).

SCHIFFMAN / SCHIFFMANN, Erich. Repatriated by air from Spain between 29 January to 25 february 1946. Po. No. 0095. Born March 29 1920. Address: Muebles Manonellas, Avda. Jose Antonio, 521-583, Barcelona. Former member of G.I.S in France. Barcelona Gestapo. Smuggled antique and Sevres china into Spain and sold above shop. In two lists: as repatriated by air from Spain between 29 January to 25 february 1946 and as repatriated from Spain on the Highland Monarch. Interrogated in the military hospital, Ludwigsburg, near Stuttgart. He claimed to be Austrian Jew and explained his physical condition as mistreatment suffered at the hands of the Germans. He knew Pierre LOTTIER (art dealer) , but said he had nothing to do with his shop. But, as a matter of fact, Pierre LOTTIER in collaboration with SCHIFFMANN and Israel van MESSEL (misspelled MOSCEL / MESCEL in some documents) opened the shop where they sold their looting. LOTTIER admitted this before the police. Listed in OSS, Art Unit, Individuals involved in suspicious Art activities, Iberian Peninsula, dated 20 August, 1945, "

420

SCHILBACH, Fritz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHILKE, Peter. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHILLING, Paul. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHIMEK, Wenzel. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. German army. Born about 1908, Sudeten, Germany. Address: Calle Principe 13, Madrid.

SCHINDLER, Arturo / Arthur Karl. DOB. Schwenningen, 22 February, 1896. Arrested March 4, 1946. In No 6 CIC Neuengamme. Internee No 609390. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Chief of the Nazi party of San Gervasio, Barcelona. On May 26, 1945, Expulsion List, B-382 Agents' List and III Priority List. Brought to repatriation center under police escort.

Hold power of attorney in Kromschroeder, Barcelona and admitted that their total capital was held by Kromschroeder Osnabruck. He had an account in Banco Aleman Trasatlantico, Barcelona.

Interrogation by OMGUS, External Assets Branch, Finance Division, dated May 28, 1946: "SCHINDLER was born 22 February 1896 in Schwennigen a/Neckar, Germany. He stated that he arrived in Barcelona, Spain, on 15 May 1923, where, except for an absence of six months training with the Condor Legion during the Spanish Civil War, he remained until he was repatriated to Germany in March 1946.

The interrogatee told that he was employed as technical director and "prokurist" for S. A. Kromschroeder, Barcelona, manufacturers of gas meters. SCHINDLER added that the Kromschroeder firm in Barcelona had been established in the years 1908 to 1910 as an affiliate of Kromschroeder A.G., Osnabruck, Germany. The original share capital of S. A. Kromschroeder was said to have been Pesetas 300,000, being increased to Pesetas 600,000. The entire capital of the Barcelona company is owned by Kromschroeder A.G., Germany, SCHINDLER further stated that the physical properties of the Spanish company were worth approximately Pesetas 250,000. Concerning the operating control of S.A. Kromschroeder, the subject asserted that it had been without German interference, except for annual inspections, since 1939.

The capital of the Osnabruck firm was said to amount to approximately RM 1 ,500,000. This company was founded by four brothers, and Schindler believed that the entire capital has remained in the family.

SCHINDLER said that S.A. Kromschroeder worked in close cooperation with ElsterS.A.,

Madrid, receiving semi-finished parts and other materials from the latter. The E/sferfirm in kadrid is a branch of a firm in kainz, Germany, which firm Schindler believed to be Elster A.G. He estimated the capital of Elster S.A. to be Pesetas 350,000. According to the subject the Mainz business is owned by Jacob ELSTER and an individual named KRAMER, who is general director. It was SCHINDLER's opinion that the Elster concern had supply agreements with Spain and a contract for operation in Italy.

421

The Banco Aleman Transatlantico was named as the banking connection for S.A. Kromschroeder in Madrid. The Deutsche Bank was the banking facility for Kromschroeder A.G. Schindler stated that all financial transactions between the firms in Osnabruck and Barcelona were handled through the Deutsche Bank, the "Clearing" and the Banco Aleman Transatlantico.

After the German capitulation the Kromschroeder and Elster companies in Spain continued normal production standards, although their accounts were blocked. SCHINDLER added that the last shipment of materials from Germany had arrived in 1940; after 1940 materials on hand were used.

S.A. Kromschroeder, Barcelona, was said to be now directed by one Pietro HOPP, a German, who Schindler said came to the Spanish firm in 1933. Adolfo DOMINGES, pres- ident of Elster S.A., was said to be the present director of that company in Madrid. SCHINDLER disclaimed knowledge of attempts to conceal the ownership of the Spanish branches. He said that he had heard many rumors of efforts to cloak German interests in Spain, adding that he knew of no specific transactions.

The subject admitted that he was a Nazi Party member and that he held a minor party position. He emphatically denied that he was party head in Barcelona, expressing surprise that he had been indicated to be party head anywhere.

MGAX(I) declaration made by Schindler lists a cash deposit of RM 2,300 in the Gewerbebank, Schwenningen. No explanation was given for the declaration of the bank account in Germany."

SCHIPP, Adam. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHLATERMUND, Hans. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. Chief of Nazi party, Valencia. Representative of Schenker & Co., Hamburg. Has been in Central America.

SCHLATTER (misspelled SCHLATTERER in some documents), Alfred. Agent classified A. Listed as A299. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Repatriated by air from Spain between 29 January to 25 february 1946. Po. No. 0788. Mentioned as interned in Camp 76, Asperg on March 27, 1946. In summer 1945 he was proposing to set up a business with Hans HINTERREITER, a Swiss. ( investigar) V -Man. Born on 26 December 1897 in Freiburg. From 1937 to 1939 subject was in the Legion Condor. Illness forced him to retire in 1939 and in 1943 he was assigned to Abwehr I L. He went to Mallorca in February of 1945 and was transferred to the I M. Subject's duties in the Abwehr were that of a clerk and later on as a V-Man. Subject released to Freiburg, Breisgau, Fabrikstr. 29. Address: Palma and Ibiza, Hotel Keeper.

SCHLEICHER, Heinz. Agent classified A. Listed as A298. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Madrid.

SCHLEIER. From a French handwritten report dated November 1944 included in Roberts Commission files, Individuals involved in suspicious Art activities, Iberian Peninsula: German. Hotel Palace. Known in Cafe Coruha. Round face, blue eyes. Involved in selling looted art.

422

SCHLEINITZ / SCHLEINTZ- PROKESCH, Nicolaus von. Freiherr. Agent classified I B in OSS records. Chief of Consular section, German Embassy, Madrid. Address: Serrano 109, Madrid. Still in Spain in September 1946.

SCHLICHTING, Friedrich Karl. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). German Air Ministry.

SCHLIE, Wilhelm. Member NSDAP working for Banco Aleman Trasatlantico.

SCHLINDLER, Edmund. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Electrical technician employed at Arganda del Rey. Connected with A.E.G., Germany. Born March 31, 1892.

SCHLINDER, Erich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHLINDER, Richard. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHLIPKOETER / SCHLIPKOLER, Edelhard. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Technician at San Pablo airfield, Sevilla. Address in Spain: Finca de los Espartales, Sevilla. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 31/10/1918 in Nias bei Sumatra. Address in Germany, 1946: Haberland 8, Luebbecke, Wesfalen (British zone).

SCHLOSS. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Born about 1900. Barcelona.

SCHLOSSER, Heinrich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHLTZE, Ernst Alaxander Karl. Deportee Madrid-Germany by air August 23 1946.

SCHLUETER, Werner Gustav Karl. In Marine Perch file. Agent classified l-B and I l-B in

OSS records. Radio technician and smuggler in chemicals, drugs and "secret things" {sic) . Been in Iberian Peninsula since 1943. In 1945 in Madrid. SCHLUETER made SINGER'S acquaintance owing to a demand by the former to use the Post Office facilities, which Berlin approved. Singer thought that SCHLUETER worked for Amt 6 (Economic Sub-section) which was directly under Berlin, just as was his sub-section (Amt 6-Political).

Schlueter seems to have told Singer in June-July 1944 that he was acting as an intermediary in the transmission of Allied peace proposals to Berlin. Once Schlueter came with a man who seemed to work for USA, but appeared German, who spoke of a frenchman LECOINT and who wanted to "get a line" on Singer. Singer described Schlueter as dark haired, German looking, perhaps from Black Forest region, a good an adaptable business, smart but not a big man. He visited Singer's house and spoke of wanting to go back to Germany a to a Russian occupied part. SCHLUETER lived with a divorced woman in Hotel Palace, Madrid.

423

Connected with FEHLEISEN. According to SCHUEBEL, he was a Stamp Dealer, but, by trade, an Airoplane mechanic.

SCHLUFFERT, Hans Heinz Siegfried von. Agent in Spanish Morocco and Melilla. Classified ll-D in OSS records. Address: Villa Nador, Melilla. Engineer. Born 1892 at llmenau, Thuringen.

SCHLUENDER, Ernst. Standantenfuhrer Hitler junge. Decorated by FRANCO as Caballero de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas con Encomienda. {BOE, 26 Octubre, 1941 ).

SCHLUNK, Helmut. Agent classified lll-A in OSS records. Professor of Archeological Institute of Germany. Living in Spain in 1946.

SCHLUTER, Wilhelm. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Safehaven candidate. Mining engineer. DOB. Munster, 13 July, 1901. E-24 Official List.

SCHMALING /SCHMALING / SCHMAHLING, Paul. German formerly employed as technician by the Spanish Government.Listed for departure on SS Marine Marlin, scheduled to leave the Port of Bilbao about Agust 31, 1946. DOB, Hamburg, 16 May, 1910. Marine Marlin deportees categories A, B September 1 946. A-1 1 1 0, A-1 006, and IV Priority List. First priority to be investigated.

SCHMALLOFER, Karl. Agent classified B. Listed as B300. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain.

SCHMALZ, Alfred. Dr. Counsellor. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

SCHMETZ, Josef. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHMICK, Heinz alias SINGER, Krim Kom. German. He is 1.70 meters tall, slender, with blond hair and a fair complexion. He is married and has 2 children. He was a police official, and was transferred to Amt VI RSHA and then to Madrid where he was attached to the Office of Police Attache. He was in the NSDAP and SS.

SCHMID, Elsa. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Kindergarten teacher in German School, Madrid. She was sent to Madrid in 1941 and was head of the female Hitler Youth until 1943. A-463 Official List. DOB. Stuttgart, 12 June, 1919.

SCHMIDT, Alfred. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Engineer employed by Otto GERDTZEN (machinery), Vigo.

424

SCHMIDT, Alfred Michael. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 18/5/1919 in Oldenburg. Address in Germany, 1946: Heerstr. 51, Berlin-Spandau, Kirchengelande a. d.

SCHMIDT, Bernhard. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHMIDT, Bruno. Chancery counsellor. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

SCHMIDT, Christian. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHMIDT / SCHMITT, Engelbert. In Marine Perch file. In Madrid as a member of the Spanish-German Police Exchange Agreement. Connected to Edmond HEINZ, SINGER

Krim Sek. German, 37 years old in 1946, 1.78 meters tall, muscular, with brown hair and a dark complexion. He is married and has 2 children. He was with the Office of Police Attache in Madrid from 1941 to 1945. He was a former official of the Schupo and then S/po. He was also in the NSDAP and SS.

SCHMIDT, Ernst. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHMIDT, Ernst Emil. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified l-B and ll-B in OSS records. Salesman for A.E.G., Madrid. W/T operator. Born September 4, 1899 in Konigsberg, Germany.

SCHMIDT, Friedrich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHMIDT, Georg. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Representative. Lie. Poza 21, Bilbao. Born at Mannheim on 4 April 1868. Passport No. 2552/38 issued at San Sebastian on 16.9.38.

SCHMIDT, Heinrich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHMIDT, (Johannes), Hermann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHMIDT, Karl. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHMIDT, Karl. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1 941 ).

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SCHMIDT, Karl / Carlos. Agent classified ll-B and IV-B in OSS records. Printer. Resident Treasurer of NSDAP, Madrid. Attached to German Embassy, Madrid. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain.

In OSS records, from a Spanish source named X.19, dated 6 May, 1946: "Jefe de la "Organization directa" de la Compahia Anonima de Seguros Plus Ultra, con domicilio en Madrid, Plaza de las Cortes 8. Es cuhado de MULLER que recientemente ha sido llevado porlos aliados para su vuelta a Alemania. Su cargo, es un magnifico"enchufe" que le reporta unos beneficios superiores a las 100.000 Pesetas anuales, con un trabajo minimo. Personalmente ha sido el asegurador directo de la Embajada Alemana de todas sus cosas y de la colonia de este pais en Madrid. Fue cajero de la obra alemana de'Auxilio de Invierno" (Winterhilfe), en cuyo examen de cuentas por los aliados en Madrid, se aprecio un desfalco superior a los cuatro millones de Pesetas. Pertenecio al expartido nazi (NSDAP) y lleva constantenmente el emblema del mismo. "

SCHMIDT, Kurt. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: AEG. Electricien. Address: Ibaibide 15, 2o, Las Arenas, Bilbao. Born Gerlachsheim, 30 August, 1902. Passport No 104 R 298/37 issued Berlin 2.9.1937. Member of DAF.

SCHMIDT, Otto. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHMIDT SD/ Gestapo still in Spain in September 1946.

SCHMIDT, Waldemar. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Technician. Member of DAF. Madrid.

SCHMIDT, Wilhelm. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHMIDT / SCHMIDT-THOME, Paul / Pablo. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Geologist. San Sebastian. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Released May 1946. Address in Germany: Holzen 3, Hebenhausen b/ Munchen. E-26 Official List. DOB. Koln, 16 July, 1911.

SCHMIEDER, Karl. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Hastach, 13 November, 1919.

SCHMITT, Georg. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHMITZ, Adolf. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

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SCHMITZ, Albert. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. Director of German Lycee and director of NSDAP, Zaragoza. Address: Cervantes 8, Zaragoza.

SCHMITZ, Josef. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHMITZ, Rudolf. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Engineer. Born, M. Gladbach, May 18, 1901. Partner in firm Maquinaria Demag, S.L., Alameda de Recalde 7, Bilbao. Passport No. 33/41 issued Bilbao 25.3.41. Member of NSDAP and DAP.

SCHMOELE, Theo alias LUCK, Theo Van. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Madrid. Born 1911.

SCHMUCK, (fnu), alias SCHMIEDO. SS Schrf. Head of SD in Tetuan and Tangier until 1941. Later in Berlin and Portugal. 1.75m slender black hair dark complexion brown eyes moustache. Married. Speaks Spanish.

SCHNARRENBERGER, Gotthilf. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHNAUS, Erich. From Nuernberg Interrogation Records > ... OCCPAC Interrogation Transcripts And Related Records > Bohle, Ernst Wilhelm. SS Standf. Head of Personnel Dept in the AO, Berlin and liaison official with Abw and SD. Born 1905 in Thuringia. Slender, 1.78, oval face. Married. Formerly in Spain. Joined AO after 1933 and held positions in various depts until he took over the Personalamt. Uffz in a Flak unit at Bruex, May 1945.

SCHNAUZ / SCHNAUTZ, Albert Johann. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 19/3/1916 in Wiesloch bei Heidelbg. Address in Germany, 1946: Rohrgasse 17, Wiesloch bei Heidelberg.

SCHNEE, Hermann. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Engineer. Retired Naval man. Employed by A.E.G for 25 years. Been in South America. Address: Carretera de Rellinars 49, Tarrasa, Barcelona.

SCHNEEGLUTH, Hans. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Import-export agent representing several German firms including Rheinmetallwerke and Basenol Werke. In Barcelona since 1929. Born about 1903. Spanish wife. Address: Calle Camps y Fabre 7, Barcelona and Calle Buenavista 4/6, Barcelona (home).

SCHNEEMANN / SCHNEMANN,. Max Christian / Christait Johannes alias Angel BLANCO BLANCO. Listed B-390 I Priority. Born about 1901. In Flight X file. Repatriated from Madrid by army airtransport on 23 August 1946. In Colombia from 1925 to 1942. In Spain from 1945 to 1946. DAT member since 1942. Worked for Storch und Reichel Frkft. a.m. (air military firm) at Bockenheim in 1942; for Hermann Goeringwerke in Makejewka bei Stalino in 1942; for RSHA Ami VI D4 in 1944. Connected with ARNOLD. Address in

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Germany: Melling Haus strasse 6, Herdecke bei Hagen Westfalen. Information furnished by the office of Attache DP. Medalie:

Memo from Legal Attache, February 20, 1945: Subject attended German espionage school at the Hague in August 1944. Wife Julieta YRPES, formerly in Pereira, Colombia. In Spain 1943, wireless telegrapher.

Memo from same source, August 13, 1945: Subject confined in Carabanchel prison on a charge of falsification of documents. Reported he had arrived from Germany by air with a Swisss passport shortly before the fall of Germany and planned to go to Colombia. Subject's address in Spain> Calle General Pardinas 57, Primero E.

Memo from same source, September 12, 1945: Wife Julieta YRPES. Three sons and daughter in Colombia. Subject claimed to be an expert mechanic. Worked in several steel mills in Ukraine after German invasion of Russia.

After arriving in Madrid, his house was searched by individuals posing as police agents who searched premises and carried off a Leica camera and a collection of diamonds. A complaint lodgeg by friends present during this search resulted in arrival of genuine police who took him to prison for producing by way of credentials only a military carnet in false name of Angel BLANCO BLANCO. Said he purchase this in Bilbao from an unknown individual. On August 25, 1945, he was released from prison and given a three months' residence passport by D.G.S. Moved to Calle Goya 1 1 8 (or 1 1 6 in other memo). Lived there with a Colombian woman, known as Emma PEREZ, suspected of being a German agent. Subject is known to belong to German IS directed by Karl ARNOLD.

Description: 5'11", strong, broadshouldered, dark, grey hair, considerably white, receding at temples; lobe of right ear missing. Sailor's appearance and tatoo on right arm.

SCHNEIDER, Albert. Agent classified D. Listed as D305. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1 946. Consular employee at Melilla. A report from the American Legation in Tangier, 7 March, 1944 stated subject was a German sabotage and espionage agent in Tangier. He was expelled from Tangier on 15 July, 1944. M.F.A. orders immediate internment. A-787 Official List and III Priority List.. Brought to repatriation center under police escort. DOB. Untersimonswald, 26 May, 1911.

SCHNEIDER, August. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHNEIDER, Carlos / Karl Wolgang. Agent classified C. Listed as C306. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Gandia. Born May 26, 1898 in Deggenddorf, Germany. Chief organizer of Vital S.A. Worked for Bank fur Bauindustrie of Berlin and for Schneider & Co. of Munich. He claimed to be Spanish when he was interrogated by Allies.

SCHNEIDER, Conrad. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

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SCHNEIDER, Eduard Albrecht. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 12/9/1914 in Rosswag b. Vaihingen. Address in Germany, 1946: Rosswag, Vaihingen/Enz (US zone).

SCHNEIDER, Emil. Agent classified B. Listed as B307. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. W/T operator. German consulate, Melilla.

SCHNEIDER, Federico. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Photographer. Renteria.

SCHNEIDER, Fritz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHNEIDER, Hans. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHNEIDER, Johann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHNEIDER, Johann.Transport agent. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. A German Embassy employee, PLANKERT's office (corporal). A-469 Official List. DOB. Eckum, 5 March, 1914.

SCHNEIDER, Johann. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Uberherrn, 1 1 April, 1895. A-772.

SCHNEIDER, Marius. Agent classified lll-B in OSS records. College professor at the ethnographic organization, Barcelona.

SCHNEIDER, Max. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Engineer.

SCHNEIDER, Paul. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHNEIDER, Victor Albert. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Radio technician and consular employee, Melilla. Born 1910.

SCHNEIDHOFER SPANNBLOCHL, Federico. Agent classified B. Listed as B309. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Photographer. Address: Plaza Feriol 1, 2° F, Renteria.

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SCHNELL, Pepe. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. W/T operator. Address: Rocasolano 17, Barcelona.

SCHNIEDERMANN, Richard Heinrich. W. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 15/8/1903 in Gutersloh (misspelled sometimes Giite Sloh), Westfalen. Address in Germany, 1946: Gutersloh, Westfalen. Son: Klaus Manfred SCHNIEDERMANN

SCHNITZ SCHAETZER, Paul. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Fernando Arguillo 462, Barcelona. Born September 13, 1902 in Cologne, Germany. Propaganda chief in Miland. In Nazi Party in Athens since 1934. Went to Spain in 1943 as managing director of Bayer. Member of SS, SA and Gestapo.

SCHNITZER, Rudolf. Agent classified B & C. Listed as B310. Attached to Embassy, Madrid (July 1944). Interned Caldas de Malavella March 1945.

SCHNITZER, Walter. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

SCHNITZER, Werner Rolf Edwin Rodolf / Rudolf. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Repatriated from Spain by air (dates from January 29 to February 25, 1946). Po. No. 0770. Interrogated between February and May 1946. British Reports. Acted as a buyer for EINHARDT, Madrid, after working for German firm Katzenstein in Spain.

SCHNOOR, Detlef. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Embassy employee, PLANKERT's office (Corporal). A-471 Official List. DOB. Luetzenwestedt, 14 April, 1918

SCHNURR, Ernst. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Representative. Heros 3, Bilbao. Born at Hamburg on 12 May 1884. Passport No. 149/39 issued at Bilbao on 2.8.39.

SCHNURR, Franz. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. E-132 Official List. DOB. Appenmeier, 28, May, 1902.

SCHOBER, Karl. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Engineer. San Sebastian. Born about 1895.

SCHOECHLIN, Otto. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 16/7/1910 in Emmendingen Baden. Address in Germany, 1946: Flachlandstr. 4, Lorrach-Baden (French zone). From May 1939 to November 1939 he was with the German Air Corps as Funker. In the same, year he was transferred to Nachrichten-Rgt. 10/3 in Belgium and France. In 1942 he was sent to Spain and worked in the monitoring, office which was, located in the Air Attache's office. Subject was released to Flachlandstr. 4, Lorrach-Baden.

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SCHOENE, Johannes. Repatriated from Spain by air (dates from January 29 to February 25, 1946). Interrogated between February and May 1946. British Reports. Chief Administrator for the Abwehr. He stated that from October 1944 to May 1945 he paid out ~ 500.000 pts. a month to outside stations of the Abwehr. On the 5 May 1945 he received the final sum of 300.000 which was all paid out except 90.000 put back into the Embassy funds.

SCHOENE, Dr. Hans. Agent classified A. Listed as A31 1. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. German Embassy, Madrid. Previously in Lisbon.

SCHOENE Dr., Still in Spain in September 1946. Hauptmann Referat 1 1 H, KO Spanien.

Richtoffizier. From an US report: "He held great powers in the Embassy. He was instructed as Richtoffizier by the Sicherheitshauptamt, (Witness: Obersleutnant Keyenstueber, Group 2).

SCHOENFELD, Hans. German formerly employed as technician by the Spanish Government.Listed for departure on SS Marine Marlin, scheduled to leave the Port of Bilbao about Agust 31, 1946. Born in Dresden in 1905. Married. Two children. Worked for Pan-Am- Grace for three years. After 1937 he joined the Askania Werke in Berlin and in 1940 came to Spain with the Marconi Espahola, S.A. Subject reported as NSDAP member and notorious nazi

SCHOEVEL, Willi. Agent classified B. Listed as B312. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Employed by Gestetner Co. Address: General Sanjurjo 18, Madrid.

SCHOF / SCHOAF, Joseph / Josef F. Dr. Agent classified B. Listed as B313. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Attache (propaganda) at German Embassy, Madrid.

SCHOFFEL, Josef. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHOLTZ / SCHOLZ, Comdr. Classified l-C in OSS records. One of the commanders of Dornier group in the Condor Legion.

SCHOLZ, Alicia. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. E-91 Official List. DOB. Barcelona, 12 January, 1917.

SCHOLZ / SCHOLTZ Dr. Giinther. Born in Lowen. Age 46. Lawyer. Passport N° 2299 issued Madrid 11/11/43.

Address: Fabrica Farmaceutica Salia, Avenida General Zumalacarregui, 3, 4 a.

Report dated 27/1 1/45 (from Washington) stated subject was a member of the Nazi Party and agent Amt VI of SIPO and SD.

He was on both the Proclaimed List and the Statutory List. Local Firm Salia, Rios Rosas 40, Madrid (?). In November, 1946 still in San Sebastian (Spain).

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There was a Sgt. Gunther SCHOLTZ (A-474) believed to be in Madrid, and possibly the one connected with BUERO PLANKERT. Connected with Diwag.

SCHOLZ, Hans Wilhelm. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Representative. Born at Nurnberg on 4 May 1911. Address: Heros 32, 3o dcha., Bilbao. Passport No. 330 issued at Sevilla on 17.8.35. Member of NSDAP and DAF.

SCHOLZ, Karl Friedrich Hans. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Engineer. Has been in South Africa and Portugal. Born May 5, 1901, Altenburg, Germany. Commercial agent. Madrid.

SCHONE / SCHOENE, Willi. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHONER, Lt. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. In Spain since 1942. Madrid.

SCHONFELDT, Georg. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHONHERR, Josef. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHONHOFER, Fritz. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Commercial Agent. Moved to Barcelona 5.7.40. Born at Jungbunzlau on 26 June 1900. Passport (N° not given) issued at Komotau on 25.5.1920. Member of NSDAP.

SCHONWALDER, Paul. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHOODL, Michael. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHOOF, Josef. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Attache of German Embassy, Madrid. Nazi Propaganda Chief in Spain.

SCHORN, Christian. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 25/10/1914 in Koln Ehrenfeld. Address in Germany, 1946: Schoensteinstr. 13, Koln (British zone).

SCHOTT, Karl / Carlos. Agent classified C. Listed as C314. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Optician. Born

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1899. German or Polish Jew. Commision agents. Represents only enemy firms. Address: Via Layetana 47, Barcelona. In Miranda detention center.

SCHOTT, Karl. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Engineer. Address: Pension Figueroa,

Via Layetana 47, Barcelona.

SCHRADER, Heinrich. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

SCHRAMM, Gustav. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Chemical engineer. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. Danzig. DOB. 25/1 1/1885 in Schoneck Westpr.

SCHRECK, Ernst. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Photographer. Orense.

SCHREIBER, Georg Wilhelm. German Government Counsellor. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

SCHREIBER, Maria. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Mainz, 29 September, 1917.

SCHRODER / SCHROEDER Brothers:Erich and Paul / Pablo. From OSS records, Washington Office, Special Funds Division Finance, Intelligence: Documents 3401-3450: (Safehaven Report Talleres Hernani, dated 29 December, 1945)

Investigations conducted by the British and by the American Consul at San Sebastian show that Talleres de Hernani, S.A. was organized on April 7, 1945 as a corporation with Erich SCHROEDER and Marcelino YEREGUI as Joint managers and with Carmelo GONZALEZ MANZANO as president. This Is considered by the American consui as a definite cloaking operation since the foundry at Barrio de la Florida 91, Hernani (Guipuzcoa), was Erich SCHROEDER's property. Pablo SCHROEDER operates a hardware factory which is apparently a distinct business since Erich separated from Pablo in 1931. The American Consul has reported that Erich SCHROEDER was second in the Nazi Party organization in his region and that Pablo was an active Nazi and one of the group of nine Germans, who in August 1944 purchased the property of the German School in San Sebastian. The activities of the SCHROEDER brothers have been called to the attention of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs so that the full force of the blocking legislation may be brought to bear on them."

SCHRODER / SCHROEDER, Franz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHRODER / SCHROEDER, Hermann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHRODER / SCHROEDER, Johannes. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

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SCHRODER / SCHROEDER, Karl. Agent classified B. Listed as B315. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Manager of Deposito de Carbones de Tenerife, S.A. Address: Villa Blanca, Monte Miramar, Malaga.

SCHRODER / SCHROEDER / SCHROETTER, Valentine. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Athens, 3 July, 1890.

SCHROER, Dietrich. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Dinslaken, 10 May, 1906.

SCHUBEL / SCHUEBEL, Georg Wolfgang. Agent classified B. Listed as B316. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Deutsche Reichsbahn Chief in Spain from October 1940 to May 1945 and attached to German consulate, Barcelona.. In Spanish list. Address in Germany: Holsteinerstr. 2. Munchen (US zone). In Marine Perch file. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. Interrogated 28, 29, 29, 1 July, 1946. German. DOB. 31/7/1900 in Rosenheim, Oberbayern. Catholic. In the party since 1938. Representative in Spain of German Railways {Reichsbahn). His office in Plaza Cataluna, 22, Barcelona. He conducted the negotiations of transfer of 9.000.000 RM between German rail wagons and Spanish National Railway Company RENFE, but the sale of contract was in the name of Vereinigte Stahlwerke, A.G., procurl WILKEN).

He gave information about:

1 .Sofindus: According to SCHUEBEL, Sofindus was entirely an official German organization totally controlled by BERNHARDT and was little supervised by Rowak. BERNHARDT founded Hisma in 1936. Financial director was Antonis WAHLE, but, in effect, he was subsidiary. ZISCHE was the chief bookeper and was still in Spain in July, 1946. Sofindus controlled all transit whether of its associated companies or not.

2. Ewald KRUSSE, in skin trade and shoe business. WEISS was his associate.

3. BESCHMULLER was very important in metal export, he was still in Sofindus in 1946.

4. Ernst KLINGENBERG, customs forwarding business man, specially in fruits, over all frontiers.

5. REIMANN was a important man of Nova, S.A., which was a purchasing company acting for many firms, especially mining.

6. PECHE was the principal man in Productos Agricolas, S. A., Valencia, a concern which had export monopoly during and after Spanish Civil War. Siervers, Bremen, food importers were allegedly co-owners of the Spanish firm.

7. TOEPFER, who dealt in French champagne and sold 1000 tons of French champagne to USA, but the cases remained in Barcelona harbour in 1946.

8. FEHLEISEN, connected with Vinagres Vinicos, S.A and SCHLUETER.

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9. SCHLUETER, Stamp dealer and Airoplane mechanic. Lived in Hotel Palace with his official mlress WEILEMANN (WIEDERMANN in some documents).

10. WEILEMANN (WIEDERMANN in some documents). A Berlin woman who had relationships with all sorts of nationalities at Palace Hotel. Divorced three times. Was the wife of Freddy SCHULTZ, a jew operatic stage manager in Zurich.

11. Engelbert SCHMITT, a Gestapo man.

12. LOHSE. SCHUEBEL pointed out Irun as the centre of smuggling activities. Most machinery came from France. Concerning supplies by ship, LOHSE, of Sofindus, knew everything even if not in the hands of Sofindus. He was, officially, transport delegate of Military Commander, Biarritz, with seat in Hendaye and was an extraordinarily important person in all this matters. SCHUEBEL had much to do with him directly. LOHSE (interned in Caldas) had an underling at Bayonne, named BAESELER who was still in Spain in 1946

13. The whereabouts of blankets (Miranda de Ebro and various northern towns); 8.000 tons of iron ore (in Barcelona Harbour); 200 tons of iron ore in Canfranc Railway Sation and 3.000 tons of more metal in Irun. The persons who knew all the exact whereabouts were LOHSE and FIESSLER.

SCHUBERT. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Aviation engineer. Barcelona.

SCHUENEMANN, Otto Louis. Agent classified C. Listed as C317. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent for Siemens and Atlaswerke, Bremen. Address: Plaza de Compostela 24-25, Vigo and Carbonero y Sol 6, Madrid.

SCHUETT, Walter. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Technician. Madrid.

SCHUH, Heinrich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHULDT. Agent in Spanish Morocco and Tangier, classified ll-D. Engineer.

SCHULIN, Wilhelm Friedrich. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 13/12/1914 in Schwabbach-Bayern. Address in Germany, 1946: Freiligrthstr. 28, Stuttgart, Bad Cannstadt (US zone).

SCHULLER, Arno. Gestapo. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801- 2850:Minerales de Espana. Geologist. Gran Via 62, Bilbao. Born Friedrichsgruen, 16 Nov. 1908. Passport No. 44 Sch. issued Leipzig 28.1.1935. Member of NSDAP and NSDB

SCHULLER, Rudolf. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

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SCHULTE HERBRUGGEN / SCHULTE- HERBRUEGGEN, Heinz Friedrich / Enrique.

Agent classified lll-B in OSS records. Professor of German at the Spanish University, Madrid. He worked at Library of Institute of German Culture, Madrid. Went to Spain January, 1944. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 16/6/1919 or 1920 in other documents, in Mulheim Ruhr. Address in Germany, 1946: Maxstr. 12, Mulheim Ruhr (US zone).

SCHULTEN, Adolf. Dr. . Agent classified lll-B in OSS records. Attached to German consulate, Barcelona. In list of Repatriates from Spain on the Highland Monarch but still In Spain in December 19 1946. In files of the Office of Political Affairs, American Embassy, Madrid. E-41 Official List. DOB. Elberfeld, 27 May, 1870 (?)

SCHULTHEISS, Friedrich. Agent classified D. Listed as B318. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Bodyguard and night watchman German Embassy, Madrid.

SCHULTZ, Werner Michel. DOB. 4 June, 1907. E-92 Official List. Safehaven candidate, reported to be SS man in Marseille, Abwehr and is suspected of Werewolf activities. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Arrested March 4, 1946. In No 6 CIC Neuengamme. Internee No. 609493.

Report on interrogation by OMUGUS, Finance Division, External Assets Branch on May 29, 1946:

"Information from the American Embassy in Madrid indicated that SCHULTZ was a most likely Safehaven candidate as a cloak for von RIBBENTROP, to whom SCHULTZ is related by marriage. The reasonable assumption was that the subject's continuing interests in the cork industry -and operations about the fringes of the wine business - were complementary of von RIBBENTROP's champagne business, Throughout the interrogation SCHULTZ attempted to emphasize his own importance in the cork industry, frequently calling himself a "senior clerk" in firms about which he had unusual knowledge of the capital structure and ownership personality.

Curriculum Vitae :

SCHULTZ was born at Mainz in 1907. So he claimed, his father was of moderate circumstances but of unusual ambition for his children and anxious that they obtain a cosmopolitan experience. The subject first went to Spain in March of 1925, ostensibly to acquire a Spanish culture and to develop a knowledge of a recognized business. Almost by accident SCHULTZ got into the cork industry, remaining in Spain until 1928. He returned to Germany for the year 1 929, during which time he was employed by cork interests in Wiesbaden.

Returning to Spain, the subject went to work for the MONTANER family cork interests in Palamos until 1930, then engaged in a similar industry for Francisco SAGRERA in Palafrugell. SCHULTZ again returned to Germany (1936, where, until 1940, he was employed as a 'plant manager ' for Corkfabrik Fr. Bender und Co. at Frankenthal. This concern was said to be a subsidiary of Vereinigte Korkindustrie, Berlin, whose owner is Wickander Cork, Stockholm, Sweden. The owners of the Swedish parent were said to be Carl Gustav WICKANDER and Carl August WICKANDER, who are reputed to be owners of 90% of the German cork industry at an extimated value of RM 3 million.

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(Giving some unsolicited estimates, SCHULTZ statad that the three largest cork interests in the world are recognised to be the Wickander, Armstromg and McManus). Korkfabrik Fr. Bender und Co. is estimated by SCHULTZ to have a total capital of from RM 1 to 3 milliom. While disclosing that there is a cork business known as Bender Ltda. Lisbon, SCHULTZ denied any knowledge of ownership by Bender of Frankenthal, adding that the Lisbon business is owned by a German named Hermann ZUM HINGSTE. The Bender, Frankenthal interests in San Felin, Spain were, so SCHULTZ averred, sold circa 1927-1929 to the Mcmanus (English) interests.

The director general of Vereinigte Korkindustrie was said to be one Paul SCHICK. The company, according to SCHULTZ, owns the Deutsche Linoleum Werke, Bietigheim. Reverting to the question of the ownership of the Montaner enterprise at Palamos, the subject said that in 1926 (at the time he was associated with it), the capital amounted to Pesetas 1 .000. 000, of which 40% of the shares were hold by the MONTANER family; the remaining 60% being held by friends of the family principally a Mr. HABLOT and a Mr. BARRIS. And to further recapitulate, SCHULTZ added that the Francisco Sagrera concern ia also run by two brothers, Carlos and Enrico (spelling error: Enrique) SAGRERA. The business is supposedly pure Spanish.

SCHULTZ is married to Gisela WEIZ, whose mother was a HENCKEL of the champagne family of Wiesbaden. He told tho interrogators that von RIBBENTROP had married Analise HENCKEL, a cousin of SCHULTZ 's wife. A close relationship between von RIBBENTROP and SCHULTZ was denied by the latter, SCHULTZ said that neither himself nor von RIBBENTROP had enjoyed the particular blessings of the elder HENCKELS as they had never wanted in-laws to succeed to the family business.

While at Frankenthal in 1937 SCHULTZ became a member of NSDAP. He made no attempt to conceal this fact from the interrogators, and added that he remained a Party member until the end of the war. SCHULTZ was in the German army from late 1941 until mid-1942. He said that he had been released from service for medical reasons. However, while in the army, SCHULTZ was with the occupation army in France, where ha was in charge of importing for Societe Hamendas da la Petit Kabili (spelling error: Societe des Hamendas et de la petite Kabylie) which company was owned by Paoetarie de Belem. He denied that, as had been intimated in Madrid Embassy despatch, he was in charge of cork allocation in France.

The subject became attached to the Abwehr and returned to Spain in late 1942 or early 1943. He claimed that his activities in the Abwehrwere limited to business in the export of cork.

From the time of his last entry into Spain until the end of the war SCHULTZ was in one or another way connected with Columbia Mercantil S.A., Madrid, and Discos de Corcho S.A. Gerona, both cork concerns. Although SCHULTZ knew the corporate structures of these companies and the personalities involved, he disclaimed any capital participation in them, (It is these companies that other sources have believed served as SCHULTZ's cloak for von RIBBENTROP's money.)

Columbia Mercantil S.A was said to have been formed in 1945 by one Manuel NEIRO and his son-in-law, Jose Maria ORTEGA, in Madrid. Branches were established in Vigo and Barcelona. SCHULTZ said that Columbia Mercantil S.A had had a short life and, so far as he knew, had been liquidated. In reply to a direct question as to the possibility of its successor being a further cloak, SCHULTZ said that this was not at all improbable. While not naming the beneficiary interests, SCHULTZ gave the impression that Columbia had been established as a cloak for German interests. He said that one Gregorio MARANON, Madrid,

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was the attorney for the company, and would probably know the story of the organization and dissolution.

Discos de Corcho S.A. had a longer history than Columbia, having been established in 1 91 7. The capital of the company was said to be Pesetas 1 .001 .000. The present ownership of Discos de Corcho appears to be one CAMOS (first name or initial said to be unknown to SCHULTZ ). CAMOS, who seems to also have a holding company by the same name, obtained the business from two individuals, BOMBI and SOLER by name. SCHULTZ admitted that he had worked for and with these two businesses but minimized his connection there with, claiming that he was never more then a senior clerk, when reminded by the interrogators that his social background, marital connections and general knowledge of the business were such that it was doubtful that he played a minor role in these firms, SCHULTZ attempted to explain that as a senior clerk he had access to certain corporate information in his line of duty. It was also explained that his wife'a family name gave her social entree which he did not enjoy in a business way.

The subject also belonged to the Germam goverament agency Wirtschaftsgruppe Holz His position with this agency was to effect collaboration between the French and German cork industries. In mentioning this activity, SCHULTZ again tried to play-down his part. Questioned concerning his general knowledge of hidden German assets in Spain, the subject said that he felt sure that much clocking had been done but denied that he had corroborative details. As was answered by other repatriates questioned, SCHULTZ said that Gerhardt KRAMER, German air attache in Madrid, was undoubtedly the leading Safehaven candidate in Spain and had been able to evade repatriation because he was so well entrenched with Spanish government and business interests.

Mention was also made by SCHULTZ of one Willie MUELLER, a German doing business in Spain, the GREINER family of Nurtingen in Wurtenberg was also said to have a factory in San Felin, Spain, and also in Portugal. And in Palamos. A German named Kurt WALTERS has em agency under his own came for Armstrong Cork Company. SCHULTZ denied any personal fortune outside of Germany, averring that he is "broke". He declared no assets on MGAX(1) form.

SCHULTZE, Ernst / Ernest Alexander Karl, alias TINTO, alias EL CITANO / GITANO,.

Repatriated from Madrid to Germany 23 August, 1946. Agent l-M, KO Spanien, Algeciras (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain).

SCHULTZE, Heinrich Ernst. Agent classified A. Listed as A319. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. In Sevilla. Formerly in Algeciras. Transferred to Madrid mid-1944. Interned Caldas de Malavella, November 1944. Address: Las Colinas, Puebla del Rio, Sevilla.

SCHULTZE / SCHULTZ, Ernst A. K.. Flight X file. Listed as B-403 II Priority. Repatriated by army airtransport on 23 August 1946. In Spain since 1933 to 1946. NSDAP member since 1933. DAF, 1940. Employee in German Embassy and delegate in Algeciras for Abwehr. Worked for Iberia 1939-1941; Abwehr, 1941-1943; for German Government 1943-1945. Awarded KVK (class II ) in September 1943. Address in Germany: Muellerstrasse 39, Munchen, chez Frau Afra STERRA. Born in Honolulu January 28, 1902 (1905 in OSS files).

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From British report, February 1st, 1944> Known German agent. Replaced Albert CARBE as Leiter Stelle in Algeciras in January 1943. In Algeciras until at least October 1943. Was one of the original members of German IS centre at Villa Leon which spied on Allied shipping from Algeciras. Since his expulsion from Algeciras subject travelled in Southern Spain organizing espionage.

From US Consulate, Sevilla, March 9, 1944: Subject and Wilhelm PATRY (alias PATRICK) hold administrative positions with German concern which formerly had operated rice fields in that vicinity. Subject owned a truck in Coria del Rio or La Puebla del Rio. Left Sevilla under arrest, but on arrival at Madrid, he was released.

From a memo written by Vice Consul Titus: When arrested by Spanish police on March 17, 1944 a portable radio was found in a travelling bag in his house. Spanish witnesses saw the police taking the suitcase radio. When subject was arrested three Germans who were believed to be operating a radio from Emil PLATTE's house, a German, also disappeared.

From a reliable source April 4, 1944: Subject, instead of being sent to the frontier when he arrived at Madrid, got permission to stay in Spain. Possibly returned to Cadiz or Colinas (the German farm near Sevilla) begore going to Sevilla where his wife was living.

From US Consulate, Sevilla, November 2, 1944: Reports on convoys passing Southern coast of Spain. On an island at mouth of Guadalquivir River, facing the ocean, there were four houses, the center two belonging to subject and a swede called PATRICK whose wife is SCHULTZE's mistress. When was necessary to report, the three went went to Sevilla, to the office of Rafael Beca Co., owners of the island. The active director of the company was Mr. CARRANZA* who arranged for subject to live on this island, and who was reported for his pro-nazi activities.

OTAOLAURRUCHIj in Tetuan, head of the Spanish I.S in Spanish Morocco
 * CARRANZA, Fernando. Naval Commandar. Acted as assistant to Col. ZEA (Antonio ZEA

From a reliable source November 10, 1944: Subject, together with three other expelled Germans from Sevilla who are still under "libertad condicional" were ordered by the D.G.S to report at Caldas de Malavella to be interned before November 1 1, 1944. The Sevilla Commisariat reported that one of the D.G.S. men received him.

From a memo to the Embassy from a reliable source dated February 8, 1946: Ernst SCHULTZE arrived from Caldas to Madrid and was interned in Yeserias prison. Subject was among the the first Germans who figured on an Allied list as early back as January or February 1944. He was protected by the German Embassy and managed not to leave the country.

From the same source, April 25, 1946: Ernst SCHULTZE, freed from Yeserias prison by the intervention of Emilio KIECHLE, returned to Sevilla. Subject was close friend of DRAEGER. He continued to live in the Isla, where he owned extensive rice fields, with a huge palace on them, constructed some decades ago by an Englishman. A Swiss or Suede subject was playing a strange part on the Isla, whose name was PATRY or PATRICK (the name may be a pseudonym) was expelled from Spain by the Allies. He was SCHULTZE's first inspector and right-hand man. SCHULTZE's car was in PATRY's name.

Description: Height 5'1 1" (180 cm), robust build, wavy black hair, blue eyes, cleanshaven. Passpot N° 1371/41 issued Madrid June 5, 1941.

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SCHULZ, Dr. Agent classified lll-B in OSS records, of German Cultural Institute of Speech, Instituto Cultural Aleman, Madrid. Connected with Lepiorz, Albert Hauf and Horwitz in Werwolf activities.

SCHULZ, Albert. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHULZ, Bernhardt Felix. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 9/7/1910 in Danzig.

SCHULZ, Erich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHULZ, Fritz. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Konigsberg, 4 January, 1911.

SCHULZ, Karl Heinrich. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

SCHULZ, Hans / Heinz Reinhold. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 25 or 21 /6/1901 in Berlin Friedenau. Employee of the Nova S.A from August 1937 to September 1939. Address in Germany, 1946: Martinstr. 10, Wiesbaden (US zone). Passport No R 41/38 issued Bilbao. In Spanish list. He certified and undersigned under oath, before US authorities, that he never was connected or had had any connections with I.G. Farben, Sofindus or Flick. Member of NSDAP and DAF.

SCHULZ, Paul. German Government Counsellor. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

SCHULZ, Richard. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Sonderfuehrer in German army. Formerly in France. Interned in Miranda del Ebro. In 1945 posed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHULZ, Werner Gerhard Hermann. . Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 15/10/1926 in Granow i. Pommern. Address in Germany, 1946: Leckermuhle Post Osterkappeln, Osnabr. Prov. Hannover (British zone).

SCHULZ, Werner *possibly SCHULTZ. Head of Referat II, KO Spanien (in February 1945).

SCHULZE, Ana Maria Hildegard. Agent classified l-B and lll-B in OSS records. Professor at German College, Sevilla.

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SCHULZE, August. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHULZE, Ernest. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHULZE, H. Peter Hans. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Formerly Assistant Press attache in Tangier. Born about 1915 in Leipzig. Lived in Spain in 1945.

SCHULZE, Oswald. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Technician at San Pablo airfield, Sevilla. Address: Finca de los Espartales, Sevilla.

SCHULZE, Wilhelm. Agent classified I l-B in OSS records. Engineer. Agent for Siemens in Tetuan and Spanish Morocco. Naturalized Spaniard. Married to a Spaniard. Born March 19, 1896. In Spain in 1946.

SCHULZE MANTIOLA, Alfredo. Agent classified B. Listed as B320. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Attached to German consulate, vigo but deserted about March 1945.

SCHUMACHER / SCHUHMACHER, Jose. Agent classified C. Listed as B321. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Representative of the Deutsche Gold und Silber Schneideanstalt, Frankfurt. Address: Rambla de Cataluna 66, Barcelona.

SCHUMACHER / SCHUHMACHER, Kurt. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Dr. Otto Gr.m.b.H., Bochum. San Mames 2, 4° dcha., Bilbao. Born Berlin 10 Sept. 1882. Passport No. 233/42 issued Bochum 11.5.42. Member of NSV and DM 1.

SCHUMANN. Agent classified I l-B in OSS records. Mechanic at San Pablo airfield with Lufthansa. Sevilla.

SCHUMANN / SCHUHMANN, Hans Otto Kurt. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 7/2/1914 in Chemnitz. Address in Germany, 1946: Hospitalstr. 10, Leimbach/Thur, und Groitsch bei Leipzig (Soviet zone).

SCHUMANN, Otto. Agent classified A. Listed as A322. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. German agent classified l-A in OSS records. German army, Sevilla. Cover job in Construcciones Aeronauticas in Sevilla until December 1944.

SCHURATH, Karl. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

441

SCHUSSER, Hermann. Agent classified A Listed as A323. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. NSDAP official. Born about 1900. Formerly in France. Has lived in Barcelona for many years. Address: calle Berna 12, Barcelona.

SCHUSSLER, Otto. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHUSTER, Friedrich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHUTT, Waldemar. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHUTTAUF / SCHUETTAUF, Oswin. Obergefreiter. Counsellor. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugoy las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

SCHUTZ, Josef / Jose. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Engineer. Bilbao. Agent for Koch & Sterzel, A.G. Dresden (Ele. Medical Instrument Co.). From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: His own medical equipment business. Elcano 22 pral. izq., Bilbao. Born Munchen, 8 Oct. 1873. Passport No. 26/36 issued Bilbao 24.6.36. Member of DAF.

SCHUTZ, Paul. German Government Counsellor. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugoy las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

SCHUTZE, Richard. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHVENKER, Richard. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. Nazi Party leader, San Feliu. Employed at H. Grainer & Sons, S. A. Born about 1905.

SCHWAB, Franz. Agent classified B. Listed as B324. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Technician. Address: Ronda de Capuchinos 36, Sevilla.

SCHWAB, Hans. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHWAGER, Lt. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. German naval officer. Cartagena.

SCHWAGERMANN, Friedrich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

442

SCHWARTZ -VON BERG, Karl. SCHWARTZ / SCHWARZ von Berg, Karl Oswald alias MEUSCHNER-MULLER, Karl Friedrich Max, alias K. F. MAXHEUSCHNER-MUELLER / HAXHEUSCHNER-MUELLER, alias Karl Friedrich Max MEUSCHNER-MULLER. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified A and IV-B in OSS records. Deportee Madrid-Germany (Stuttgart) by Army air November 22 1946. Arrived at Civilian Internment Camp 74 near Stuttgart on 26 November 1946. Listed as B-470 I Priority.

From the records of Attache D.P. Medalie:

From M.A. Office before May 1943: Formerly painter in Palma de Mallorca (He arrived there firdt time in 1931). Said to have lived with English woman there. Until a few months before was temporary employee in German Embassy. In May 1943 he already had own office with Secretary, Ursula MUELLER, his mistress.

From US Embassy file, September 6, 1943: Vice representative of local group leader, Nazi Party, Madrid. Financial official of Nazi Party.

From British report, May, 1944: German agent. A source, B-2 evaluation, undated, stated that there was believed to be a sabotage organization headed by one CARLOS in the Algeciras area and that this man was identical with subject who boasted that he passed in and out of Gibraltar often and without difficulty.

From British report, November 27, 1944: Juan APALATEGUI (APA. ATEGUI by error in some documents) collaborated with subject. Subject told source that he and VEY were closely watched by the Americans. He reported and was under the orders of VEY. Both names were on the list of German agents whose expulsion from Spain were being pressed for by the Americans. Subject was greatly worried over this.

Information from Washington on February 20, 1945 stated that subject had been a member of the Sipo and SD since at least August.

Subject had travelled frequently to Algeciras. Reported to have been in contact in September-October, 1944 with Hans Bernard Joseph ROHRBACH at Caldetas (Barcelona). Reported in June 1945 to be living in Madrid under the name of Direktor Karl Friedrich Max MEUSCHNER-MUELLER and to be short of funds

From London, October 31, 1945: Known German agent connected with the SD in Madrid. He was deported by Spanish authorities late in 1944 but returned to Madrid in January 1945 under a different name and with dyed hair. He received money from a man called GUTBIER. Subject used to paint for a hobby and owned a house in Palma de Mallorca. Subject had taken new name: Director K. F. MAXHEUSCHNER-MUELLER. Address: (1944) Calle Lista 10, Madrid (Tel.53451 ; secret N° 33722; (June 1945) Calle Olivos4, Madrid (Tel. 46156).

In connection with Antonio TAPIA. (Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores. Seccion Protocolo) From British memo dated December 3, 1946: Subject brought by aircraft from Berlin at the end of the war a large quantity of gold, which was distributed among jewellers and dentist in Madrid.

SCHWARZ. Col. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Air attache at Madrid.

443

SCHWARZ, Erwin. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Gruppenfuhrer SS in Jaffa.

SCHWARZ, Gunther. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Head of Reichsfilmkammer.

SCHWARZ, Otto. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHWARZ, Paul. Dr. Commander Physician. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

SCHWARZ, Willi. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHWARZE, August. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHWARZE, Hermann. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 8.8.1909 in Schwabbach-Bayern. Address in Germany, 1946: Cartenheim 51, Schwabach, Bayern (American zone).

SCHWARZMAN, Prof. Agent classified l-B and lll-B in OSS records. Connected with German College, Vigo.

SCHWARZWEILER, Franz Nik. . Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 6/3/1908 in Pirmasens Pfalz. Address in Germany, 1946: Grosselfingen Celle Land Hannover (British zone).

SCHWEDKE, Maria. Repatriated from Bilbao.

SCHWEDKE, Miquel Jose. Repatriated from Bilbao.

SCHWEDKE / SCHWAEDKE, Walter Rudolf Wilhelm. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Martin. DOB. Stettin, 15 September, 1904. Marine Marlin deportees categories A, B September 1946. B-408 and IV Priority List. First priority to be investigated.

Worked for PANHORST (PABHORST by error) in Barcelona. Connected with LOHMANN, DECKER. From LOHMANN's Affidavit, December 1946: "I know that DECKER with SCHWEDKE originally had founded a company, in connection with the attorney at law Gregorio MARANON DE MOYA, Madrid {Progreso Comercial, Madrid)". Wife: Maria; son: Miguel Jose.

SCHWEDT, Paul. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

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SCHWEIGER, Franz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHWEIGER, Jose Bruno. Contractor. German formerly employed as technician by the Spanish Government. Listed for departure on SS Marine Marlin, scheduled to leave the Port of Bilbao about Agust 31, 1 946. Entered Spain in 1 926.

SCHWEIGER, Kurt. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Policarpo Sanz 35, Vigo. Born Berlin, Februery 28, 1897. Technician with Sofindus. Member of NSDAP and DAF. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Hisma Ltda. Technicien. Passport No 415/36 issued Barcelona 16.6.1936.

SCHWEIGER / SCHWIEGER, Werner. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHWEINITZ, Hans Ulrich von. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

SCHWENSEN, Walter Otto Kurt. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Hamburg, 6 October, 1921.

SCHWENZNER (misspelled SCHWENZER in some documents), Julius Eric Dr. Cover- name FARKOS. Residing in Moreto, 8, Madrid. German agent and former Naval Attache. In Agents II. Promised by Spanish authorities to be delivered for deportation Madrid-Germany by air August 23 1 946, but he failed to appear.

German, born in Neu-Kaliss Sudwestmecklenburg, in 1901 or 1909. Expert in export-import statlics and a well-known geologl and geographer. Cable address SCHWENZNER, Hamburg, telephone 332940 and 494522, postal money account Hamburg 22467; checking account Deutsche Bank, Hamburg, depositing in Depositenkasse, Hamburg, Bugenhagenstrasse,5.

According to British report March 1944, subject had established a vast commercial network in Portugal and Spain, used for German Intellicence Services, with branches in Argentina and in Spain at Bilbao, Cartagena and other ports. Alleged to protect several Argentinians who were refugees in Spain because of involvement in this pro-German mission, and protected by his organization here. One THOMAS ( Alfredo THOMAS cover name of GIESE), who was frequently in touch with German Embassy, Madrid, was member. SCHWENZNER is closely connected with Paul FOERSCHLER.

SCHWENZNER was liaison between France, Germany, Spain and Portugal for German agents to whom he gave advice on contacting Falange, local officials or the government. Travelled under cover of vocation. He was rich, cultured and worked through contacts with important people. He had large credits in many countries and would be able to finance his organization locally in the future through export-import houses.

445

According to US Embassy Report August 1944, subject may be identical with a partner in commercial information firm of Krack and Schwenzner, Hamburg, credit reporter of which was Federico KEMPTER, later head of clandestine radio LIR in Brazil, the firm specializing in market reports to German firms regarding South American countries. The firm requested that KEMPTER also acted as a correspondent for the Hamburg firm Nordisch Durium Aktibolaget, reporting cargo shipments to England, which firm provided the cover for his subsequent espionage activities.

On January 16, 1945 was expedited a Spanish visa to Julio SCHWENZNER, German, passport 1677, exporter, registered at Hotel Ritz November 7-9, 1945. British report of September of September 1945 stated subject arrived in Spain from Hamburg a few days before the German collapse and was in close contact with the known German agent Paul FOERSCHLER, in Agents LI and Second Priority LI.

SCHWINN, Georg. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SCHWOCH, Kurt. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Hisma Ltda. Ships' broker. Address: San Mames 31, 3, Bilbao. Born Bad Oldesloe, 21 September, 1908. Passport No 912/38 issued Halle/S 2.5.1938. Member of NSDAP and DAF.

SCHWOERBEL / SCHWORBERT /, Herbert. Lt. Col. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain.. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Honorary Consul at Vigo. A-970 Official List, I Priority List. DOB. Koln, 28 February, 1881. Was with German army in Russia. Address: Hotel Continental, Vigo. From Roberts Commission - Protection of Historical Monuments > ... Card File on Art-Looting Suspects > Card File On Art-Looting Suspects, 1943-1946: "High Gestapo official and German Consul General in Vigo. Miscellaneous info: Is in close contact with Meino von EITZEN, German I.S. official in Vigo. Subject was high German officer serving on Russian front where he was wounded and given the Vigo post because of wolfram business. Is a very capable man. Paintings: Subject seems in a hurry to spend money and, recently in Vigo, he hasbeen buying very expensive paintings, etc."

SEBASTIAN, Helmut. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 13/5/1914 in Leipzig. Address in Germany, 1946: Ant.onienstr.43a, Leipzig W 32 (Soviet zone).

SEEBER, Paul. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SEEBERS. Chief treasurer of the German Embassy, Madrid, mentioned by WEHRLICH. Connected with LAZAR. Still in Spain in 1946

446

SEEFRIED auf BUTTENHEIM, Franz-Joseph Graf von / Francis. Austrian (?).Born 29 Jul 1905 in Rozsahegy, Hungary. Died15 May 1969 in Madrid, Spain. Agent classified B. Listed as B327.

In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Connected with Schering inquiry.

"Once German troops were in Belgium and France, Schering's Dr. Franz Josef Graf SEEFRIED, who was a well connected Nazi who later represented Schering in Spain, took steps to ensure that Norgine's subsidiaries fell into Schering's hands. He demanded that S.V.A. Norgan be Aryanized in France under the January and February 1941 orders issued by the Vichy government. Seefried pointed out that the firm, under the prevailing law, had to be considered a Jewish firm. In this case, no payment would be made to the former owners as Schering would increase the firms capital, purchase the shares itself, thereby controlling 80 percent of the company" Kobrak, Christopher. National Cultures and International CompetitiomThe Experience of Schering AG, 1851-1950, p. 346. Address: General Mola 8, Madrid

SEEFRIED, Tutich von. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

SEEGEBARTH, Herbert. Engineer. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

SEEGER, Hermann. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 20/1/1915 in Gelsenkirchen. Address in Germany, 1946: Ahlmannshof 21, Gelsenkirchen (British zone).

SEEGERS. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Mechanic. Almeria.

SEELEG important figure in arms traffic mentioned by LINDENBERG.

SEELIGER, Alfred. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SEELIGER, Gerhard. Agent classified B. Listed as B328. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Engineer. Address: Amazonas 5, Porvenir, Sevilla.

SEELIGER, Herbert. German formerly employed as technician by the Spanish Government.Listed for departure on SS Marine Marlin, scheduled to leave the Port of Bilbao about Agust 31, 1946.

SEELIGER, Wolgang. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Counsellor.

447

SEELMANN, Helmut. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 26 or 2/ 6/1912 in Offenbach/Mein. Address in Germany, 1946: Marktplatz 6-8, Offenbach/Mein

SEELOW, Kurt. Agent classified B. Listed as B329. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Madrid.

SEGER- SENT, Armando. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Probably an alias of Hermann SELFER.

SEIBERT, Theodor. Dr. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Wolkischer Beobachter.

SEIDEL, Alfred. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SEIDEL, Fritz. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Bochum, 20 August, 1925.

SEIDEL, Johann. Agent classified l-B and ll-B in OSS records. Engineer. Born about 1904 in Nuremberg. Address: Villa Leon, Algeciras.

SEIDL (fnu) German vice consul in Tangier and Tetuan, 1942-1945 last seen in Tetuan. Born 1907 1 .7om muscular brown hair dark complexion blue eyes moustache. Married. Speaks French, Spanish, and Arabic.

SEIFERT, Max. In Marine Perch file. He was a Prokurl, a Banco Germanica official, and honorary treasurer in Spain for the NSV. LIEBETRAU worked for SEIFERT. Both SEIFERT's and LAUTENSCHLAEGER's signatures were necessary for withdrawing any money.

SEILER, Robert Oskar Edmund. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 20/7/1925. Address in Germany, 1946: Leitmar, bei Arolsen, Bez. Kassel (US zone).

SEIP, Andreas. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SEIPERT, Johann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SEIPT, Max. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SEITZ, Gustav. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

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SELFER, Hermann. Agent classified B. Listed as B330. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Technician. Union Salinas, Cabo de Gata, Almeria.

SELITRENNY, Paul. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Martin. DOB. Leipzig, 5 April, 1921.

SELS, Fritz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SEMISCH /SAEMISCH, Erich. Repatriated from Bilbao.

SEMMEL. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Ex German naval officer. Attached to German consulate, Las Palmas. Address: Hotel Atlantic, Las Palmas.

SEMMLER, Juan. Agent classified C. Listed as C332. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. Former administrator of the KDF, Madrid. Cover work: dealer in dental supplies. Address: Mexico 1 1 , Madrid.

SENDEN, Edmund. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Working for Nazi cabinet.

SENGLER, Rolf Hamann / Hermann. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Berlin, 13 February 1906. Marine Marlin deportees categories A, B September 1946. A-581 and IV Priority List. First priority to be interrogated. Wife: Ruth

SENNEFELDER, Henri. Agent classified I l-B in OSS records. Physician. Attached to German consulate, Barcelona. Address: calle Septimania 60, Barcelona.

SENNER, Herbert (or Norbert). alias of Hans SOMMER (see SOMMER, Hans).

Oberleutnant I Merchant. Arrived Germany from Spain May 12, 1946. Born in 1913. Address in France: Paris, VII, 22 Rue dela Paix.

SENSCH, Karl. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SERALLACH, Juan. Spanish agent for Abwehr. (General Records Pertaining to External Assets Investigations, compiled 1948 - 1950, documenting the period 1939 - 1950. Series: Repatriates : Spain - General (June 1946- September 1947) )

SEYDEL, Hans Ernst. Agent classified A. Listed as A333. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Ex-Tetuan. Expelled to Spain in transit for Germany,

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but in Spain 13 March, 1945. . Repatriated from Spain by air (dates from January 29 to February 25, 1946). Po. No. 0764.

SICK, Guenther. O/Fw. I-M, KO Spanien (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain)

SIEGELKOW, Oskar. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugoy las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Counsellor.

SIEGFRIED, Georg GREIFEL. Agent classified lll-A in OSS records. Professor. Address: Hotel Palas, Vigo.

SIEGMUND / SIGMUND, Bruno. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Brought to repatriation center under police escort. Military internee. D-5 Official List. DOB. Rathsche, 6 October, 1904.

SIEMANN, Wilhelm. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SIEVERS, Joachim / Joaquin. Obersturmfuehrer. German. Reported July 4, 1944 to be working for German espionage in Vigo. Given in list of Lufhansa departures Barcelona Germany on Dec. 5, 1944. SD I Gestapo in Spain. Connected with BERNHARDT, MOSIG, CARUNCHO, Sofindus. Mentioned as prisioner in the American Internment Camp 91 in October 1946. Owner of Prodag firm, sold by BERNHARDT as a result of Rowak order to sell or liquidate all firms not connected with mineral production or supply. Prodag operated plantations and warehouses in the province of Badajoz and mantained offices in Sevilla, Barcelona and Valencia. Connections with powerful Spanish officials. Tall, blond and heavely built. ZIEGRA said that Prodag was taken out of Sofindus in 1939 and made a private company by SIEVERS (Bremen), LUETTEN (Hamburg) and PECHE. He was certain that BERNHARDT was in fact a partner as well. SIEVERS, S.S. Hauptsturmfuhrer, who was head of Karl Heinz SIEVERS, and D. KIESELHORST, both of Bremen.

SIEVERS, Heinz. Agent classified C. Listed as C334. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Manager of Productos Agricolas S.A at Valencia. (18 June 1943).

SIEWERT, Hermann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SIEWERT, Kurt. Comdr. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugoy las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

SIEWKE, Theodor. Dr. Counsellor of German Government. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

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SIFFERLE, Adolf. Agent classified B. Listed as B335. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Owner of Bar Hamburgo, Cadiz. Ship Chandler.

SIGLER, Heinrich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SIHORSCH, Franz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SILVERMANN / SILBERMANN, Carl / Karl. NSDAP. Engineer. Bilbao.

SIMETH, Max. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SIMMROSS, alias LAGARTO alias GITANO (same alias as SCHULTZE's). Agent l-M, KO Spanien, Cadiz (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain).

SIMON, Wilhelm. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SINGER, Heinz Edmond. Agent classified A. Listed as A336. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Attached to German Embassy, Mdrid. Address: Serrano 149, Madrid.

SINGER, Robert Moses. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. Austrian. 22/5/1900 Insbruck.

SKETTA, Bruno. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Representative. Heros 17, 2o, Bilbao. Born at Dusseldorf on 25 June 1916. Passport No. S-44/39 issued at Dusseldorf on 4.2.39. Member of H.J.-Fuhrer (6.33 - 3.35), SA (15.1.33 - 1 .6.35) SS (3.55), and NSDAP.

SKORZENY / SKORZENI, Otto, alias Rolf SOLAR, alias Gruppenleiter SKORSINI, alias Dr. WOLF, alias Obersturmfuehrer SACHENIUS or JACHNIUS, alias Rolf STEINER, alias Jose FERNANDEZ, alias Otto STEINBAUER. SA Standartenfuehrer, SS-Obersturmbannfuhrer by June 1944, Head of Amt VI S, RSHA by September 1943. German of Austrian origin: Born June 12, 1908, in Vienna son of Anton SKORZENY (1867-1942) and Flora SKORZENY (1875-1970). Brother Alfred (1900-1970).

Not forged Documents found till now.

German Identity Card (Deutsche Kennkarte) signed Rolf STEINBAUER, born 6 December, 1909 at Breslau. Nationality: German. Profession: Journalist. 1.93 m, stout build, grey eyes,

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no physical peculiarities. Issued by the Hanau Polizeidirektor. 12 August 1947. Expiry date 12 August 1952.

Professional identity card {Ausweiskarte) No 785 of Rolf STEINBAUER, German nationality, born 6 December, 1909, living in Munich, Kaulbachstr 60. Profession: Journalist. Physical disabilities: Yes. No children. Issued by Arbeitsamt Munchen (Labour Office). 8 September, 1948.

German Identity Card {Deutsche Kennkarte) No BD-A 16735 .signed Hans-Rudolf FREY. German. Born 21 March, 1909 in Breslau. Businessman, living in Freiburg, Mozartstr. 9. 1.93 m. Slender. Physical peculiarities: Scar on left side of face. Issued Freiburg 21 February 1950 by Freiburg Polizeidirektion. Expiry date: 21 February 1955.

Swiss Driving Licence to Hand R. FREY no 862 issued at Constanz, 3 March 1950.

Spanish Visa to Rolf STEINBAUER issued 7 September 1950 by Spanish consulate in Frankfurt/M, signed by Spanish Consul Jorge SPOTTORNO and validated twice by the Comisario Principal of the Direccion General de Seguridad 23 September 1950 and 18 January 1951.

Spanish International Driving Licence to Rolf STEINBAUER issued Madrid 3 November, 1950. On this document, SKORZENY wrote the tf. number (212683) of the Director General de Aduanas, Gustavo NOVARO (misspelling for Gustavo NAVARRO).

Spanish Special Passport No 1743-51 valid for three months, to Otto SKORZENY, issued Madrid 18 May 1951. Stateless,. Born Viena, 12 June, 1908. Profession: Ingeneer. Marital Status: widower. Address: Avenida Jose Antonio 44, Madrid, with visa stamps from Portugal and Caya, Spain

Signed passport Otto SKORZENY issued by Spain at Madrid, July 11, 1958, valid for three months, 32pp., bearing his photo and brief description, birth date correct, marked "Stateless" and allowing travel only to Ireland, Germany and Cuba, with visa stamps from Germany and Ireland.

Signed passport issued by the All Palestinian Government at Gaza on July 27, 1952 and valid for five years, 40pp., given to SKORZENY under the name HANNA EFF KHOURY and signed by him twice with that name, describing SKORZENY as a Palestinian national, and engineer born in Haifa on June 6, 1908 (SKORZENY's true birth date), and bearing a "scar on his left cheek" and now residing in Cairo.

Signed passport Otto SKORZENY issued by Austria at Madrid, Feb. 10, 1959, valid for five years, 48pp., bearing his photo and brief description, birth date correct, with visa stamps from Athens, Corfu, London, Dublin, Barcelona, Mallorca, Lisbon, Gibraltar, Zurich, Tangiers(?), South Africa, Nairobi, Cairo, Libya, France, Jordan, and Paraguay, and others, many multiples of each country.

Consul of Argentina in Madrid special authorization for Otto SKORZENY to travel to Argentina on an "urgent" basis, 1p. legal folio, Madrid, Oct. 16, 1954, bears SKORZENY's photo and signature of the consul, with two related documents.

Safe-conduct pass issued to SKORZENY by the Spanish Government, 1p. legal folio, Mar. 26, 1956 (split).

SKORZENY married first, March 9 th in 1938 Margareta SCHREIBER. One daughter: Waltraut

Second wife (1954) Use LUTHJE also known as Use von FINKENSTEIN.

Graduated in 1931 in Hochschule Wien with an engineering degree.

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The biographies and studies of SKORZENY, mostly based in his own accounts, are so mixed with hagiography and misinformation that I have decided to edit only the documents which can help to further researchs. SKORZENY was defined as an "psychopatic liar" by a CIA officer and "a thug" by Lt. Col. ROTHSCHILD. I agree with both.

Information from OSS records declassified under Nazi War Crimes Disclosure Act (some of them are undated or sanitized):

Prior to 1932 he joined the Studentenfreikorps and the Steirischen Heimatschutz,

Joined Austrian Nazi Party DNSAP (Deutsche Nationalsozialistische Arbeiterpartei ) in

May 1932

Feb 1934 member of the SS.

Joined NSDAP in 1936. Member No 1.083.671.

In January 1940 he volunteered for service in the Waffen-SS and became Obersturmfuehrer in the SS Reich Division, in which he saw active service in :the West, in the Balkans and on the Russian front.

May 43 SS Hauptsturmfuehrer in Amt VI RSHA. In Roma i/c of a Sipo and SD

Kommando.

Aug 43 When on his way to Corsica to recruit men for a special job his aircraft crashed into the sea, but he received only slight injuries.

Sep 43 Promoted SS Sturnbaruifuehrer. Returned to Berlin Amt VI S (after rescuing the Duce) from which he directs Amt Vl's sabotage activities.

Jun 44 l/C of Group, possibly in Toulon area

Aug 44 Commandant of Special Waffen SS Training camp at Oranienberg May 45 Captured in Annabers by US Army.

On 17 May 1945, SKORZENY was conducted to 307th CIC Detachment for preliminary interrogation.

Tried by a general military government (U.S. Army) court at Dachau from August 18, 1 947 through September 9, 1 947.

Special Activities of SKORZENY Group (1943-1944)

From OSS I CIA records declassified under Nazi War Crimes Disclosure Act: "Station SCI Heidelberg Report date: 21 May 1945

In December 1943 Untersturmfuehrer Otto SCHWERDT alias PETER organised a special mission including Unterscharfuehrer GFOELLER to go to Copenhagen. They had passport's made out in the names of commercial travellers and were equipped with 9 mm. Colts, with revolvers with English silencers and with blackjacks.

The party left 28 December 1943 for Flensburg and at Flensburg they were joined by KARSTENSEN of the Flensburg Gestapo who acted as interpreter. JENSEN, the head of

453

the Ast at Flensburg, took them across the frontier to Boeterkrug where they took the train to Copenhagen.

At Copenhagen thegroup was receivad by Oberscharfuehrer Ludwig HUF of the SD, a Viennese. They stayed in HUF's flat at Flormemey 6 in the island of Amager. A meeting was held on 29 December at the BdS with two Gestapo chiefs, one the Regierungsrat ZECHENDER, the other a Hauptsturmfuehrer\N AESCHE. The meeting was held to decide on activities against the Danish Resistance. It was agreed that the first action was to be taken against a Danish newspaper man Christian DAMM.

On 30 December a party including SCHWERDT, KARSTENSEN and GFOELLER broke into DAMM's office and after a few words with DAMM, SCHWERDT shot him and when DAMM was down,. SCHWERDT shot him again in the temple. The group left thinking that DAMM was dead but it was learned later that he recovered.

On the same night, a group of men belonging to Schallburg attempted to kill a well-known Danish politician Ole Bjoern KRAFFT but the attempt was not successful.

On 1 January 1944 instructions were issued to kill the pastor Kai MUNK, a well-known member of the Resistance. On 2.Januariy SCHWERDT, GFOELLER and KARSTENSEN went to Odensee to meet the chief of the SD of Eiceberg whose name is unknown and whose rank was Untersturmfuehrer. From Odensee the group went on to Ringkoepping and the next night they raided MUNK's house and arrested him. On their return to Aarhus about 60 kms. from the city, SCHWERDT told MUNK to leave the car and when he did, SCHWERDT shot him in the back.

These raids lasted for several months. In addition to killing people, the groups committed acts of sabotage on students' quarters, movies, department stores and cafes. From twenty to thirty people took part in these activities under the command of SCHWERDT who changed his name toward the end to Kriminalkommissar Peter SCHAEFER.

These activities were known to the Danish BdS represented by Standartenfuehrer MILDNER as well as to Standartenfuehrer yon BOWEN-SIEPEN and Dr. BEST. SCHWERDT was congratulated by HIMMLER for his part in this work."

From Transcribed interrogation records relate to the prosecution of war criminals in proceedings at Nuernberg, 1945-47: GERHARD, Georg Reinhold:

"Without having been interrogated in the Villa Krehl, I was transferred on 1 Mar 46 to CIE 91 in Darmstadt. There I met Stubaf Karl RADL, who also began to coach me on my conduct during interrogation. The conversations were carried on with the greatest of caution, and were spread over a period of almost nine weeks. (...). The following is a rough approximation of his instructions to me:

«lf I, GERHARD, were interrogated about SKORZENY's missions, I should only give such technical details as I could not avoid mentioning. I should make few general statements. The whole SKORZENY affair had been closed and perhaps I would not be called for interrogation, since the purely technical questions on which I alone could give an opinion were no longer of importance.

In general one should explain to an interrogator that SKORZENY was a secret service operator, rather than a terrorist or saboteur. Por instance, he, RADL, and SKORZENY had agreed that Vl-S and the Jagd Verbaende were only to carry out tasks behind the enemy's

454

lines. Thus Unternehmen Peter, a defensive mission in occupied Denmark, did not come under the jurisdiction of Amt VI, but of Amt IV.

I soon "became aware of extreme nervousness on RADL 's part whenever Unternehemen Peter was mentioned. When SCHWERDT' s capture (sic) was reported over the radio, RADL was obviously unpleasantly moved by the news. He clearly felt that Unternehemen Peter was the big pitfall for SKORZENY. The activities of the Jagd Verbaende had at least had a certain legal basis, since the opposing forces had been similarly active. Uhternehmen Peter *, however, might be interpreted as sheer crime.

Danish Resistance. The operation was named for one of SKORZENY 's assistants, Peter Otto SCHWERDT, and was carried on under SKORZENY's direction, according to GERHARD. RADL officially claims (see USFET IC CIP. No 4 dtd 23 July 45,Annex IV) that he does not know why the name Peferwas chosen, and that actually it was an undertaking of HIMMLER's, with which Vl-S had no real connection."
 * Uhternehmen Peter was the name given to the brutal terrorist action against the

SKORZENY and forgery.

From Transcribed interrogation records relate to the prosecution of war criminals in proceedings at Nuernberg, 1945-47: GERHARD, Georg Reinhold:

"GERHARD considers himself an expert on the subject of forged papers. He attended a number of forgery courses while teaching sabotage at the intelligence school of Lehrregiment Kurfuerst. Later, in his capactity as expert for sabotage equipment under SKORZENY, he came in contact with those offices responsible for forging the papers necessary for sabotage missions. One case with which he is familiar had to do with SKORZENY 's plan to withdraw to the mountains. H/Stuf (Arno) BESEKOW, whom SKORZENY picked to obtain the necessary forged papers for this undertaking, made great use of the identification papers and civilian clothing of deceased inmates of the concentration camps Oranienburg, Bergen-Belsen and Neuengamme".

SKORZENY and the use of aconite bullets and other poisons in sabotage.

From Transcribed interrogation records relate to the prosecution of war criminals in proceedings at Nuernberg, 1945-47: GERHARD, Georg Reinhold:

"On the subject of toxicology RADL gave me an exact description of what he and SKORZENY had revealed, and at the same time instructed me as to just how much I should know. I should tell the interrogator that the 200 aconite "bullets in SKORZENY 's possession (no mention was made of the other 200 for the Rabenhuegel mission) had been handed out without my official knowledge. I should know about the suicide ampules, but about nothing else. This was apparently a delicate subject.

Other technical matters could be freely mentioned, except for the secret developments still in progress. In the case of technical matters violating international law I should particularly emphasize that they had been copied from English models: and, in the case of poison bullets, that they had been copied from the Russians".

From Transcribed interrogation records relate to the prosecution of war criminals in proceedings at Nuernberg, 1945-47: TREITE, Percival Karl:

455

"In his capacity as one of the camp doctors, one day, he was called upon to perform an autopsy on a man who, presumably, had been imported for the occasion. This man, according to a report which Dr. TREITE had from the dentist, not being present at the experiments, was given a vial of poison to determine its affect on him. The results of the experiment were successful. The poison worked. This experiments was witnessed by SKORZENY and some officers from the Kriegsmarine who were said to be interested in the poison for U-boat crews. SKORZENY's interested was not known".

From Kenneth Rose, Elusive Rothschild, p. 82: " The most feared German agent of all, Otto Skorzeny, a colonel in the SS, also passed through Victor's hands, although not until the end of the war.(...). When eventually he was captured, Victor interrogated him about his supposed war crimes and a particular allegation that he had supplied German saboteurs or terrorists with bullets tipped with an excepdonally lethal poison. Botulinus toxin, scientists supposed, would be burnt up by the heat of the bullet, but cyanide would not. Victor, whose German was not good enough to detect nuances of meaning or hesitations, felt handicapped by having to question him through an interpreter. Skorzeny, six foot six inches in height, with a prominent scar across his face — 'a complete thug' Victor dubbed him — bluntly denied that he had ever broken the conventions of war. Victor was not convinced, but in the absence of evidence the inquiry had to be abandoned. 'Most unsatisfactory,' he concluded. Skorzeny was charged with war crimes at the Nuremberg trials, but acquitted."

The factual liberation of MUSSOLINI by SKORZENY. according to General DOERR.

From OSS /CIA records declassified under Nazi War Crimes Disclosure Act:

Information Report No 00-B-36178

Date Distr.: 20 Jul 1951

Date acquired by source 10 Jun 1951

Place acquired: Frankfurt

Factual Report Concerning Mussolini's Liberation

1 . On 1 1 Sept 43, the commander of the First ParachuteT raining Battalion, Major Harald MORS, received a message in Frascati from the headquarters of General STUDENT, ordering him to report to the latter immediately.

2. Following his arrival, General STUDENT discussed with Major MORS the following mission and details:

(a) MUSSOLINI was to be liberated on 12 September 1943: Place: Hotel Gran Sasso. Time: 0700 hours.

(b) For the past several weeks SS-Lieutenant-Colonel SKORZENY had had the special mission of determining MUSSOLINI'S whereabouts. The mission as a whole had been entrusted to him (General STUDENT) by HITLER.

(c) SKORZENY had very cleverly found out where MUSSOLINI was. His mission was this accomplished.

(d) The First Parachute Training Battalion was to be committed; one company was to be dropped in the valley of the Gran Sasso massif, and the mountain massif (difference in elevation of 1 .000 meters) was to be taken in an attack by the other companies which were to be marched up by land.

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(e) Major MORS made a counter-propopsal: a surprise landing of one company by glider in the Gran Sasso, and. support by the other companies, which would be marched up by land, to the valley entrance and would then make surprise use of the cable railroad.

(f) Major MORS's proposal was accepted.

3. During the period of preparation, on the morming of. 12 September, SKORZENY reported to General STUDENT and asked permission to take part in the operation. General STUDENT agreed, and placed SKORZENY, as well as 17 other SS personnel, for whom SKORZENY had also requested permission, under Major MORS.

4. SKORZENY reported Major MORS who, in accordance with General STUDENT'S order,, treated him as .a subordinate visitor. Note: Any other interpretation is incorrect, for General STUDENT had taken precautions against putting 478 parachutists under SKORZENY.

5. Events on12 September:

(a) Shortly after 1400 hours the approaching ground staff observed the gliders over the Gran Sasso.

(b) At about 1416 hears the ground staff occupied the valley station.

(c) At 1417 hours the flight staff reported by radio to Major MORS that the liberation had .taken place.

(d). Some of the ground troops reached the mountain hotel by means of the cable railway.

(e) Major MORS reported to MUSSOLINI.

(f) SKORZENY was already at this time playing the role of liberator and had consequently angered the officers of the parachute troops.

(g) It was determined that SKORZENY had himself endangered the operation by having his pilot dive, in spite of the fact that he was only a guest on the flight.

6. SKORZENY flew with MUSSOLINI to East Prussia,, arriving on 13 September. He received, the Knight's Cross and on 14 September he spoke over the Deutschlandsender (radio), completely distorting the entire event. Note: General STUDENT had asked SKORZENY to accompany MUSSOLINI so that he would not have to spare a parachute troop officer."

SKORZENY and Operation Cypress. (1944)

From OSS /CIA records declassified under Nazi War Crimes Disclosure Act: Dispatch or Source Doc. No MAVA-6103 Date 25 July 1950 "Subject is SEGUS, Dr. Otto

...In June 1944, Subject was recalled to Berlin and put in command of the projected Operation Cypress in Verona, Italy under the direct supervision of Lt. Col. Otto SKORZENY. This operation consisted of training Italians as saboteurs to infiltrate Allied lines and to stay behind when the front moved northward..."

SKORZENY and Special School for Agents. (1944)

From OSS /CIA records declassified under Nazi War Crimes Disclosure Act:

457

London X-2 Pts. 39

Dispatch or Source Doc. No XARZ-3361 Page 18

"S.S. Sturmbannfuhrer Otto SKORZENY, the man who liberated MUSSOLINI, founded about two months ago a school in which agents received individual training for specific purposes. The school itself is situated in the neighborhood of Berlin, and is under the personal direction of the S.S. Reichfuhrer.Jhe courses, however, are set by HITLER himself. SKORZENY's title in this service is Kommandeur."

SKORZENY and gold and assets looted from Reichsbank and from France.

From Records of the Foreign Exchange Depository Group of the Office of the Finance Adviser, OMGUS, 1944-1950: 940.32 Liaison Visits

"After burying the money at Taxenbach there was still the problem of the disposal of 35-38 million Reichsmarks remaining in the truck and 100 boxes of counterfeit Pound Sterling in a trailer, which Oberstleutnant BOENING of Amt VT-F had turned over to PFEILER at Salzburg. According to SPACIL the truck also contained Italian lire, Lithuanian currency, Russian rubles, German printed Ukrainian karbowanetz and francs. The German money was in 1,000 Reichsmark notes, the British in various denominations, GRAZ seems to be the last area in German hands, so SPACIL sent MENZEL there at 5 May with the money. He doubted whether MENZEL got through and had not heard from him when questioned.

Untersturmfuehrer ERTL, whom SPACIL sent to withdraw R.S.H.A. funds still with the Reichsbank Berlin came back on the 21 April 1945 with gold Pound Sterling, which was not counterfeit, dollars, Swiss francs, Danish crowms etc., totalling approximately 1 million RM.

He reported that the Reichsbank was giving up all its foreign assets and that he had received more than was in the R.S.H.A. account.

Of this money, 3 sacks of gold francs and a large amount of mixed funds, totalling approximately 350.000 RM were given to OHLENDORF for use by Fuehrungsstab Nord. 3 more sacks of gold and assets were taken to Salzburg by SCHIEBEL. SPACIL took the remaining I/3 to Salzburg on the 26 April. SCHIEBEL's and SPACIL's assets were divided among SKORZENY (2-3 sacks of gold), Obergruppenfuehrer FRANK (1 sack of gold and miscellaneous funds), Dr. HUEBER (some gold) and the Befehlshaber Oberdonau and Niederdonau.

Hauptsturmfuehrer SCHULER kept considerable funds of the Amt VI at his office in Innsbruck. These funds were probably given to SKORZENY and consisted of approximately 2 million Reichsmarks and a considerable quantity of dollars".*

SKORZENY. The amount estimated is about $ 8.000.000 (about $103,000,000 in 2013) See: Records relating to the administration and operation of the Foreign Exchange Depository Group within the Office of the Finance Advisor, OMGUS, 1944-1950. Central Files. Category: 940.4031 Shipment No. 31
 * Part of the loot hidden by SPACIL was recovered, but not the gold or assets kept by

From Records of the Reparations and Restitutions Branch of the U.S. Allied Commission for Austria (USACA) Section, 1945-1950. French Claims 373.

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Excerpt from letter by Chief of the Reparations, Restitutions & Property Control Division, J. Miroux, to James A. Garrison, Chief of the RDR Division, U.S. Element, dated 19 March, 1948:

"SS-Sturmbannfuehrer RADL, assistant of SKORZENY and 22 SS-Hauptsturmfuehrer also belonging to the Sonderverband SKORZENY (most likely SS-Hauptsturmfuehrer BESEKOW and SCHMIEL.) are presumed to have transported, during the first days of May 1945, and on mule back, considerable quantities of gold coins and precious stones contained in leather sacks, and to have buried them in the inmediata neighborhood of the Theodor Kornerhutte, a hut located under the Dachstein (Austria - 55 k, S-SE from Salzburg, presently U.S. Zone).

These gold coins and precious stones, presumably stolen for the main part in France during the occupation, are supposed to have represented the war treasure of the Sonderverband and to have been buried at this spot on the orders of SKORZENY himself and his three lieutenants. A few days later RADL and the 2 Hauptsturmfuehrerwere arrested by the American troops, interned in the Ludwigsburg Camp and immediately interrogated by the C.I.C.

As for SKORZENY, he was made prisoner near Laufen (Austria) by the Americans about a week after the German capitulation.

In July-August 1945 the C.I.C. presumably discovered the gold and jewelry at the Obeodor- Korner-Hutte."

About the ignorance of American interrogators (1945)

From Guy LIDDELL's diary, 25 June, 1945:

" I saw Stuart HAMPSHIRE for a moment- He has been at 12th AG briefing the interrogators of KALTENBRUNNER. He was not allowed to see K. neither has Victor ( ROTHSCHILD)

been allowed to see SKORZENY. Victor of course is hopping mad. The Americans are pathetically ignorant but feel that as the man was captured in their zone they have got to put up a show. They are quite prepared to accept assistance in the matter of briefing which has been freely given. They have tried miking SKORZENY and KALTENBRUNNER together but both of them are clearly well aware of which is going on. Very little has been extracted from KALTENBRUNNER so far. He is taking the line that he is really a lawyer and politician, that he did not know anything about the atrocities committed under the orders of MULLER. He has given a certain amounc of political information which is true but is not being drawn into talking about the SD or about the planning of the underground movement. In due course he is go come back here when we shall be rather put on our mettle."

SKORZENY in Bolivia: the mess of dates in CIA reports (1945-1950)

From OSS /CIA records declassified under Nazi War Crimes Disclosure Act:

Report No: TOP-1351

Date of Information: Current

Date Acquired: 17 January 1950

Date of Report: 24 January 1950

Subject: Otto SKORZENY

Source: Controlled American Source

1, Otto SKORZENY is a former Colonel in the German SS troops. He is a skilled aviation technician and reportedly was at one time an adviser to the head of Germany's Luftwaffe.

459

2. SKORZENY arrived in Bolivia shortly following Germany's surrender and obtained employment with the Bolivian Government as an aviation technician. He remained in that position until shortly before January 1, 1950, when he left for Buenos Aires to accept a position as aviation technician with the Argentine Government. At the present, SKORZENY is employed at the Palomar Air Field located on the outskirts of Buenos Aires.

3. Source declared that SKORZENY is using an assumed name in. Argentina but that the Argentina Government is aware of his true identity and. background. It is source's belief that, the Argentine Government is not too interested in the background of individuals whom they are now employing at the Palomar Field. Their primary interest in the technicians is whether or not the employees can help Argentina.

4. Subject is residing in the suburb of Martinez, Buenos Aires. His exact address is not as yet known nor is his pseudonym. Any further information developed will be furnished the Buenos Aires station."

From OSS/ CIA records declassified under Nazi War Crimes Disclosure Act:

TAB-A-1270

17 February 1950

From: Chief of Station (sanitized)

To: Chief of Station (sanitized)

Nazi Activities

Colonel Otto SKORZENY

Ref: TOP-1 351 of 24 January 1 950.

1. On 14 and 15 February 1950, the local press carried stories concerning the alleged presence in Paris (and later in Rome) of Otto SKORZENY. In December 1949, the Communist paper La Hora of Buenos Aires claimed that SKORZENY was then residing in the United States.

In Octob 1949, the local press reported him in Austria. In June 1949 he was reported en route to Argentina. In addition, frequent rumors (never confirmed) have reached us of his possible presence in Argentina.

2. TOP-1 35I of 24 January 1 950 states that Subject arrived in Bolivia shortly after the war and obtained employment with the Bolivian Government as an aviation technician, a position which he held until late in 1949 when he reportedly left for Buenos Aires to accept a similar post with the Argentine Government. Your report placed Subject in the Buenos Aires suburb of Martinez, and suggested that he may be using a pseudonym.

3. In view of the general confusion which exists concerning Subject's whereabouts, and the high evaluation which on have given your report, this Station would greatly appreciate any additional information you may be able to provide concerning his residence in Bolivia and his transfer to this country. If it is an established fact that Subject in Bolivia until a little more than a month age, we will then have something definite to go on.

4. Note for Headquarters: Since Subject reportedly was in the hands of the U.S. Military authorities in 1947, it is presumed that a photograph would not be difficult to obtain, if Headquarters could supply this station with a good full length photograph and physical description of Subject it would aid us considerably in our investigation."

The different dates and versions of his escape, according to CIA, FBI and Military Intelligence (1947-1948)

460

1. 25 July 1947:

From OSS /CIA records declassified under Nazi War Crimes Disclosure Act:

Acting Chief, Foreign Branch

Operational

Otto SKORZENY

Date: 8 October 1948

Ref. Fran-1216 (Out-13939), Wash-2765 (Out-69071)

"1. A report from Frankfurt, Germany, reveals that the subject escaped from Ludwigsberg civilian internment enclosure on the night of July 25, 1947, while awaiting denazification.

2. It is further reported that no letter from SKORZENY has been intercepted by either the Combined Intelligence Service {CIS) or the Counter Intelligence Corps (C/C). In any case the CIS is the only agency authorized by the United States European Command to censor German mail. This, of course, does not elniminate the possibility that the letter could have been received in other German zones or European countries from SKORZENY; nor does it eliminate the possibility that such a letter might have been intercepted by other Allied intelligence services."

2. November 1947:

From OSS /CIA records declassified under Nazi War Crimes Disclosure Act: "7712 E.C.I.S., APO 72 U.S. Army, c/o Postmaster New York, New York 2 February 1948

Dear M:

With regard to the questions you ask in your last letter I can give you the following information for what it is worth.

The subject "escaped" from our interrogation center in Oberursel, a small town about ten miles from Frankfort on the road to Darmstadt, about three months ago. I would hardly use the term escape, for in reality he was aided and abetted in his desires in order to find out where he wanted to hide out, and who the people were who were willing to keep him. He is now once more with us, although no longer on this continent, and his services are being put to some use. It must be remembered that in spite of all his playacting and posing be still has a very excellent knowledge of intelligence and can be of definite use to our people.

As to the local authorities wanting him, I believe it would be more accurate to say that the Austrians rather than the Germans are interested in his whereabouts. He is, after all, an Austrian, and the majority of his more infamous acts were committed against his own people.

There are undoebtedly several German official's who would like to have him, but this is mainly from a mercenary point of view, for they would be paid quite handily if they could succeed in turning him over to the gentlmen to the east. If anyone, other than ourselves, is really interested in him, it is undoubtedly the assorted members of the Politburo. My own personal opinion of the man is that we have already played him for what he is worth, but he is too dangerous to let go. He is in a position at the present time, where he would have to sell to the highest, or any bidder, and, being a professional soldier, I doubt whether he would have any scruples as to which political side he sold his services.

Insofar as the document I have already sent you is concerned, I should like to repeat that I sent it mainly for your magazine's benefit. If it is any use to you as a check against the

461

information you already have, I can assure you that the facts, even though they are somewhat dramatised by the author, are for a very large part correct. I have since talked to various other members of the expedition, and they concur with all the major points in the story. Of course they themtelves live in the reflected glory, but one German or Austrian if you wish, is not too prone to praise another (...)

Many thanks for what you have done in the matter. I'm afraid I can't be too specific about the

subject's activities at the present :time for obvious reasons, however

should the time come when we can give you all the facts without endangering security I shall

let you have a detailed account. You can form your own conclusions from what I

have already told you in this letter.. .(...)"

3. 25 July 1948

From OSS /CIA records declassified under Nazi War Crimes Disclosure Act: To: Director

Central Intelligence Agency 2210 E Street, N. W. Washington, D. C. Attention: Colonel Robert Schow

From: John Edgar Hoover - Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation Date: 21 September 1949 Subject: Otto SKORZENY

Information concerning

This Bureau is in receipt of information concerning the captioned individual from a source of unknown reliability. For your information this source resides in the United States and it is not known if he is in a position to obtain information concerning the whereabouts of SKORZENY. The information is to the effect that a man who answers the description of this individual - even to a scar on his face - is said to be working in Spain with a group of Nazis with the blessings of Franco. Their meetings are alleged to be on a ship that comes into sport regularly on the west coast of Spain. Information available concerning SKORZENY indicates he is the individual who reputedly effected Mussolini's abduction in 1943 from Allied hands. He was reported to have given himself up, tried before a court and released. He was than taken into custody by the Germane but escaped on July 25, 1948. The information Contained herein is being furnished for whatever action you may deem desirable, bearing in mind that this Bureau cannot in any way vouch for the source thereof.

SKORZENY seen in Spain (January-March 1949)

From OSS /CIA records declassified under Nazi War Crimes Disclosure Act: To: Chief (sanitized) Station From: Chief Foreign Branch W

Subject: (sanitized) Report Otto SKORZENI (or SKORZENY)

Date: 14 June 1949 Eyes only OSO personnel

1 . Otto SKORZENI, reportedly a former S.S Colonel escaped from a U.S. prison in Germany, has been seen in Barcelona and other cities in the south of Spain.

2. Sometime in March, 1949, according to a (sanitized) report from Madrid (24 April 1949) he left Spain for South America (destination unknown) with documentation prepared by the DGS.

462

3. Any information on his destination and the name under which he may be traveling will be useful to Headquarters."

SKORZENY in Argentina. July 1949.

From CIA records declassified under Nazi War Crimes Disclosure Act: Washington Post, 21 July 1949:

" Ex-Nazis Hired By Argentina, Says Government Foe

Buenos Aires. July 21 (AP). Opposition Congressman charged by inference today that more than 30 newly arrived Germans, including a number of Nazi aviation experts, are in the employ of the Argentine government. Silvano Sandtander, a member of the Radical Party, introduced a resolution asking the government to explain the situation. He made his charge in the form of a question and ponted out that Argentina still Is technically at war with Germany. Santander mentioned three former German officers— SS Guards: Col. Otto SKORZENY (...) and two high ranking members of the German Air Force: Gen. Adolf GALLAND and Col. Hans Ulrich RUDEL."

Meeting of SKORZENY with Ante PAVELIC (October 1949)

From CIA records declassified under Nazi War Crimes Disclosure Act: "Subject: Activities of Ante PAVELIC in Argentina. Report No: L.3-1936 Evaluation: B-3.

Source: Both have contacts in Slav circles. Date of Information: Current. Date acquired: 7-12 October 1949 Date of Report: 24 October 1 949

1 . Source A reports that Ante PAVELIC, at a recent meeting of approximately 40 former Crest Government officials, revealed that he had been reliably informed that war in Europe was imminent.

2. PAVELIC stated that it was therefore necessary to lay aside all petty differences and prepare for active participation in the coming conflict. He added that all necessary means for organization and participation would be available to them (Source A).

3. To the surprise of everyone present PAVELIC assured the group that has been in the service of the United States and British Intelligence services for several years (Source A).

4. PAVELIC requested that the matters discussed at this meeting be kept confidential. A person who attended the reunion advised Source A that PAVELIC appeared to be well informed. Moreover, he is certain that the former head of the Croatian Independent State frequently meets with Colonel Otto SKORZENY and General Adolf GALLAND

5. Source B confirms that the meeting took place, but adds that PAVELIC described a pessimistic picture of the European situation (...)"

SKORZENY in France (February 1950) ABC, 15 February 1950, p. 16

463

Paris 14. Ha sido confirmada la estancia en Paris de Otto SKORZENY La Policia ha declarado que Otto SKORZENY, autor del sensacional rescate de Mussolini, en el Gran Sasso (Italia), ex coronel de las S. S. alemanas, ha huido a Roma, despues de vivir en Paris durante una. semana con nombre supuesto. Residid en el barrio de San German, desde-el 7 de febrero, y se habia identificado ante su patrona como Rudolf Stainer (STEINER), periodista austriaco. Las autoridades alemanas buscan a SKORZENY, acusado de evasion de la carcel, para, serjuzgado porun Tribunal. desnazificador. En el registro practicado en su habitacion se ha descubierto una serie de documentos y notas sobre sus actividades de tiempo de guerra, como jefe de una unidad especial alemana. Dijo a la patrona erne se iba a Roma, pero que volveria "en breve". La identificacion ha sido facil para la Policia cuando mostro a la patrona un retrato de SKORZENY.— Efe.

SKORZENY in Germany and contacts with the neo-nazi Deutsche Union (August 1950)

From CIA records declassified under Nazi War Crimes Disclosure Act:

To: Chief, Foreign Division M

From: Chief of Station, Karlsruhe

Date: 3 January 1951

(...)

1 . ZIPPER has had several reports lately indicating that SKORZENY was in Germany this summer and that he may be now be in Spain.. According to their information, he is now engaged in establishing ,an organisation for the evacuation of Germans in the event of a Russian attack. According to one report, the number of Germans involved is as high as 200,000.

2. SKORZENY's contacts to the Spanish military are reported to have been established by a Countess FINCKENSTEIN. SKORZENY is reported to be working onthis project in conjunction with certain American authorities, who are providing the necessary funds."

From CIA records declassified under Nazi War Crimes Disclosure Act: Incoming classified message Central Intelligence Agency Secret

From: Frankfurt

To: Special Operations

(...)

11 August 1950

Dl HICOG request any info whereabouts and current activities Otto SKORZENY HICOG source claims SKORZENY recently in contact Friedl GRIESMEYER, active Deutsche Union "

SKORZENY living in Madrid under cover name Rolf STEINBAUER (September 1950)

From CIA records declassified under Nazi War Crimes Disclosure Act:

"Information Report No 00-B-38806

(...)

Country: Germany/Spain

Subject: Otto SKORZENY

Place acquired: Madrid

Date acquired by source: Sept to Dec 1950

Date of information: Sept to Dec 1950

464

Source: US citizen head of a (sanitized: US organization) who, since World War II has been a consultant to various foreign governments on electronic landing and approach systems for airfields. (...) *


 * Edgar SMITH, source named in other documents

"He (SKORZENY) is living in Madrid at the present time with a German woman about 38 or 40 whose name is Use, Countess FINCKENSTEIN. Their address is calle Lopez de Hoyos 70. The Countess is a very attractive and highly intelligent woman. I believe that she had a fairly high position in the German Intelligence during the last war. I understood that she spent a considerable time in the UK just prior to the outbreak of hostilities in the interest of the intelligence service.

SKORZENY is conducting a business in Madrid chiefly for the development of solar heat

for use in heating houses and hot water in Spain. I do not think this is a front, but

that he is really in earnest about the business. I believe he also has some agencies

for German firms. The only one I can remember is one for a manufacturer of pipe scaffolding

for use in building construction. He is not using his own name, but is going under the alias

shown on. his business card which is reproduced here.

Rolf STEINBAUER Ingeniero Industrial

Alcala, 29 Telefono 317262 Madrid

I believe SKORZENY came to Spain about August 1950,. having moved there from Paris.

because of his fear of Communist reprisals. He claimed that five attempts had been

made on his life since the end of the war. He also told me that on infrequent trips

to Germany he could be reached at c/o Finckensteint, Hotel Zuflucht, Fremdenstadt/

Schwarzwald, French Zone. I understood that he came to Spain at the instance of a

high ranking Spanish general. I believe the Spanish Army is giving some sort of help

such as allowing him conmissary privileges and seeing that he has a proper place to live (...)"

From CIA records declassified under Nazi War Crimes Disclosure Act:

Third Naval District

New York Naval Shipyard

Naval Base, Brooklyn 1, N.Y.

Secret

ND3/OP322H2B5 1 December 1950

From: District Intelligence Officer, Third Naval District

To: Director of Naval Intelligence (OP322H2B5)

Subjs Col. Otto SKORZENY, Former Aide to Heinrich Himmler

(...)

Subject is now living under the name of Rolf STEINBAUER Industrial Engineer, at Alcala 20, Madrid, Spain. In the course of numerous conversations with the subject, who is best known for his exploits as the leader of the elite Nazi paratroop group that rescued Mussolini, he stated he is at present the underground leader of approximately 800,000 Germans, former Army personnel, who are violently anti-Soviet, and whatever moneys subject is able to acquire at this time is forwarded to Germany in an effort to consolidate this groups and it is; the hope of subject to evacuate this group as a unit to Africa via Spain in the event of a Russian military movement on the Continent. (...)

465

Subject is being sponsored in Spain by General Fernandez Del Compo (misspelling for FERNANDEZ DEL CAMPO), a very wealthy Spanish Duke. Subject is residing with Countess Von Finkelstein, a Bavarian, whose estates have been sequestered by the Soviets: The Countess has a sister residing in New York, Mrs. Gertrude Barnett, 41 Central Park West. (...)"

SKORZENY and Banco Urquijo (December 1950)

From CIA records declassified under Nazi War Crimes Disclosure Act:

"Air Pouch. Dispatch No WSMA-1354

Date: 19 December 1950

To: Chief, Foreign Division W

From: Chief of Station (sanitized)

Subject: Otto SKORZENY

"This station has heard persistent rumors over the past three months to the effect that subject was now living in Madrid. Source (sanitized) now reports that SKORZENY is connected with the Banco Urquijo, apparently using the name of STEINBAUER. (sanitized) has been invited by an Urquijo Bank contact to have lunch with STEINBAUER shortly, so that more details should be forthcoming."

Contacts and Plans of SKORZENY in Spain and Germany (1951)

From CIA records declassified under Nazi War Crimes Disclosure Act: Information Report

Country: Germany (Western zones), Spain Place acquired: Frankfurt, Germany Date of Info: 8 September 1951 Date distr. 11 October 1951 This is unevaluated information CIA only

Source: German rightist politician.

Note: The signifiance of this report lies not so much in the information contained herein but in the fact that Otto SKORZENY and his aides readily revealed it to a group of German neo- fascists visiting Spain in 1951.

1 . After SKORZENY left the U.S. internment camp in Darmstadt, he lived for a short while with C. Ch. HEINZ, then a member of the ultra-rightist Hessish A/DP, at 11 Abeggstr., Wiesbaden. From Wiesbaden he went to France and for eight months he was billeted at a safe house by (fnu) BERTEAUX*, then director of the Surete. When, after publication of the famous SKORZENY articles in the French Press, BERTEAUX was relieved as Surete chief.
 * Misspelling for Pierre BERTAUX.

Countess FINKENSTEIN, SKORZENY's one-time mistress and presently his alleged wife, travelled to Madrid and quickly received a residence permit for SKORZENY after a short conference with the Chief of the Spanish General Staff * (*Teniente General Juan VIGON). Once in Madrid, SKORZENY was documented as a stateless engineer, one Rolf STEINBAUER and assigned quarters at Lopez de Hoyos 72, Madrid, together with Countess FINKENSTEIN. Since then SKORZENY has produced two plans for international military action against possible Communist agression.

Plan A concerns primarily Western Germany but could be utilized elsewhere. It calls for the activation of alert units among the people of every community in the country. Ostensibly, for the purpose of commitment in case of emergency, such as floods, earthquakes, riots, floods,

466

etc., but the ultimate and hidden purpose is to prepare a militia against the day of Soviet agression. The units are to be known as Katastrophenscutz (catastrophe protection). According to SKORZENY the plan has been summitted to Dr. Robert LEHR, West German Minister of the Interior and the latter agreed to support the enterprise. Hans WEISS, a former Colonel in the German Air Force and one-time Inspector General of the German bomber force (...) is scheduled to head the organization. WEISS was one of the Germans who recently visited SKORZENY in Madrid. He returned to Germany with a complete plan for activation of the militia units.

Plan B is SKORZENY's now well-known plan for activation of coramando type, consisting of 300 anti-Cormunistic men each, from 10 different countries in Europe. The units are to be trained in Spain, financed and equipped by the U.S. and act as a cadre and officer material for

guerrilla, partisan, stay-behind and similar units operatinr against the Soviet Army in case of war (...). Plan B is said to have endorsment of the Italian Prince BORGHESE (...)"

Persons contacted by SKORZENY who could have endorsed the plans: Teniente General Agustin MUNOZ GRANDES Teniente General Juan VIGON

Ramon SERRANO SUNER, FRANCO'S brother-in-law

Nicolas FRANCO, FRANCO'S brother and special contact of SKORZENY.

Eduardo ROJAS ORDONEZ ,Conde de MONTARCO, Deputy to SERRANO SUNER when

he was Minister of Foreing Affairs.

Josef SCHOOF. Nazi Propaganda Chief in Spain.

Jean BAUVERD, notorious international neo-fascist.

as well as many members of the Spanish Army.

Generaloberst Heinz GUDERIAN

Generaloberst Johannes FRIESSNER, Chief of the New Veterans Organization, VDS (Verband Deutsche Soldaten)

Gerd SPINDLER, well-to-do industrialist and supporter of various rightist activities. Admiral Hellmuth HEYER.

Generalleutnant August KRAKAU, Chief of the Schutzbund, Bavaria. SS-Gruppenfuehrer Gerret KORSEMANN (misspelled in this CIA doc. Karet KORSEMANN) Ex-General Karl GUEMPEL, member of the Executive Board of the VDS Ex-General Guenther PAPE

Ex-General Karl KOLLER, Bavarian Chief of the Svl/Vand VDS.

Ex-General Herman Bernhardt RAMKE, member of the Executive Board of VDS and Chief of the Paratroop Veterans.

Ex-General Hans SPEIDEL, ADENAUER'S military advisor.

Documents relating SKORZENY's plan of a anticommunist stay-behind network:

From CIA records declassified under Nazi War Crimes Disclosure Act:

Incoming Telegram

From Frankfurt (MCCLOY)

To Secretary of State

January 26, 1951

"In my talk with ADENAUER last night he said he had received information from source of such reliability that ort could not be ignored. According to his informant, FRANCO was utilizing SKORZENY, former Nazi intelligence chief, for purpose of organizing military units in Spain. SKORZENY was said to be recruiting former Nazi officers and specialists among German refugees. What was particularly disturbing to Chancellor was indication this project which was intended primarily for purpose of creating a strong defense on line of Pyrenees

467

had some support and encouragement from US. ADENAUER said that of course if such information was confirmed and became known, it would have most serious effects upon opinion, not only in Germany, but elsewhere in Western Europe, as obviously it would result in creation. of revived Nazi force. I said that I had heard nothing of the scheme and. thought most unlikely that it had any US backing. I promised, however, to make inquiry and let him know. I should be grateful for any information which could throw light on this report. MCCLOY

(Unfinished file for extreme and acute boring syndrome suffered by author)

SLUGA, Kurt. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Marienburg, 16 November, 1908.

SLICKERS, Willi. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 1/4/1922 in St. Toenis bei Krefeld. Address in Germany, 1946: Blumenstr. 18, St. Tonis bei Krefeld

SMOLNI, Franz. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 29/3/1920 in Petersgretz. Address in Germany, 1946: Zedlitz, Krs. Borna, bei Leipzig (Soviet zone).

SOKOLOW Y MURAVIEW, Jorge Alejo: "Russian, naturalized Spanish. A businessman of Russian origin based in Barcelona, SOKOLOW was believed also to have been an Abwehr agent." National Archives, Kew. KV/2/3413. PF 602686

SOL, Jaime. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain.

SOLA, Francisco / Pietro. SOLA, Francisco. From Roberts Commission, Card files on suspects of art looting 1943-1946:

Spanish. Born Tarrasa, Spain, c. 1909. Address: 18 rue Emile Klaus, Brussels and Hotel Albert I, Place Rogier. Description: 1.65m., 50 kgs, hair black, eyes brown, narrow face, long delicate features, small moustache. Speaks Spanish, French, English. Occupation: Veterinary surgeon ; discovered serum for cattle diseases.

Activities: Smuggler of alcohol and gasoline between Brussels-Paris-Hendaye for use of German troops in Belgium ; Not an agent of Abt VI but paid for concessions from them. Reported agent of S.D. Twice imprisoned in Belgium once for smuggling Jews into Spain, second time for having bought coffee in France for the Luftwaffe and Todt Organization in Belgium.

SWEERTS (see Belgian crards) took subject's name and papers for his own use in 1943, including passport in the name of Obersturmfuhrer SOLA. SWEERTS introduced CHERUY to subject and JORDA described as buyers for the wine importing firm of WEIDEMANN in Antwerp, then interested in avoiding customs duty by bringing their wine across Belgian frontier in German military lorries. Also interested in commercial aspect of Old Masters; asked CHERUY to sell a Rembrandt. Well-known Belgian art expert and SOLA and JORDA went to Monaco between May and July with a collection of pictures. Last seen outside the Bourse at Brussels a few days before arrival of the Allies, when they said they were off to Stfitzerland.

468

SOLGA, Harry. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 23/9/1918 in Berlin Spandau. Address in Germany, 1946: Zeppelistr. 75, Berlin-Spandau (British zone).

SOLITRENNY, Paul Rene. Repatriated from Bilbao.

SOLLF, Engelbert Benno Eugen. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 14/9/1902 in Jauer Schlesien. Official of the Embassy at Madrid and German agent in charge of delivering mail to Sofindus. From 1940-1945. In Spanish list. Address in Germany: Daianastr. 15, Michendorf, District Potsdam. Address in Germany, 1946: Dianastr. 15, Berlin-Michendorf (Soviet zone).

SOMMER, Hans, alias Herbert SENNER, alias Hans STEPHAN. Born 26 June 1914 in Nortorf, near Kiel. German. Son of Theodore SOMMER and Anna SOMMER, nee

ROESCHMAN, both from Kiel. Occupation: Merchant. Religion: Protestant. 1.71 height, 140 lbs wight, medium build, face oval, brown hair, brown eyes, no physical peculiarities. Address: Calle Velazquez 134, Madrid. Languages: German, French, English, some Italian. Date of arrival: 22 August 1946 from CIE 76, Asperg.

WWII Nuernberg Interrogation Records > OCCPAC Interrogation Transcripts And Related Records > Sommer, Hans. CIF dated 10 December, 1946. Formerly with the SD in France and Italy, worked for the French Intelligence Service after the war and was sent to Spain, where he was engaged by the Spanish Intelligence Service. He has information of the new Spanish Intelligence and of attempts of former GIS personnel to evade repatriation from Spain by emigrating to Argentina.

Pre GIS career

-1931: Joined the HJ.

-May 1933: Worked for the Paul Kunat export firm in Hamburg.

-October 1934: Went to Holtenau, near Kiel, where he found work as a clerk in the Arbeitsdienst.

-June 1935: Joined the NSDAP. Went back to Nortolf and worked in his father's bank.

-October 1 936: Joined the Wehrnacht and was sent to Halle for an English language course lasting eight weeks. Spent a week in London on furlough.

-December 1936: Stationed at Pasewalk with the 2 Sig Bn (attached to the 2 Inf Div of Stettin as a radio operator).

-October 1938: Discharged from the Wehrnacht as ROA (Reserve Officer Candidate). Went to live with his family, which had moved to Kiel. Unemployed until May 1939. May 1939: Called into the 48 Sig Bn in Breslau as a sergeant. Fought in Poland.

GIS career

-April I940: Through the efforts of Helmuth LOOHS, whom SOMMER had met in Pasewalk in 1936, he was requested by the SD after an exchange of letters between SOMMER and LOOHS, who worked in Amt. Ill, Berlin. SOMMER was discharged from the Wehrnacht

469

and reported to SS-O/Stuf Heinrich BERNHARDT of Amt VI, where he was given three months of intelligence training.

-July 1940: Went to Paris, where he was attached to the German Consulate as a Amt VI Deputy under the guise of an Assistant to the Cultural Attache. He had four agents, who furnished him with information on political, Free Mason fnd ecclesiastical matters. Promoted to SS-U/Stufand later to SS-O/Stuf.

-October 1941: Jailed by the SS for having a French fiancee. Began sentence at Fresnes. Later removed to Berlin.

- April 1942: Released and re-employed by Amt VI. Sent to the German Consulate at Marseille, where he had 20 agents who kept him informed on matters pertaining to Switzerland and Spain.

-September 1944: Went to Berlin because of the invasion of Southern France. Assigned to the German Consulate in San Remo, Italy, as an Amt VI Deputy in charge of 30 agents collecting information on Italian internal affairs.

-April 1945: Went to Nice and contacted the French Deuxieme Bureau (French Intelligence Service) as to possible employment with them.

-August 1945: Started to work for the Deuxieme Bureau and was sent to Spain. Arrested at the border and interned.

-Freed by friends and proceeded to Madrid to begin his intelligence work.

-April 1946: Rearrested at the request of the US Embassy in Madrid and flown to Germany.

SOMMER's connection with the Deuxieme Bureau.

"It was October 1941 that SOMMER allegedly first become aware of the narrow'minded of the Nazi regime. He could not grasp why, for having a French fiancee, he was classified as unworthy to hold a responsible job and even jailed. This infringement on his personal liberty and freedom of movement made him realize that something was amiss with what he believed was a just war waged by Germany against the Allies. At the same time he recognized the insincere game Germany was playing with France. Having lived in France and knowing the mentality of the French, he suddenly lamented their short-sightedness in not perceiving how Germany was duping them. He felt obligated to his fiancee and to his concience to make amends and decided to shed his affiliations with G/S and the SS. SOMMER claims that he intended to join the Deuxieme Bureau immediately upon his discharge from prison in April 1 942, but, aware of the omniscience of the GIS, he dared not attempt it. His first chance came in February 1945 while he was Amt VI deputy in San Remo, Italy, when a French agent by the name of SOLETTI was arrested by the Germans on the Franco-Italian border. SOMMER succeeded in having SOLETTI released in his custody and dispatched him to Nice with a view to establishing relations for him (SOMMER) with the Deuxieme Bureau. Because of the intervening collapse of the Italian front, nothing further came of this connection. SOMMER withdrew with the German troops from San Remo towards Genoa in April 1945, left the troops at Savona at reached Nice about 1 May 1945. His colleagues of Amt VI, San Remo, Werner NEISSER and Guy DELIOUX, went with him. Once in Nice, SOMMER contacted an old friend, Paul KOEHLER, living at Pagomas, near Cannes, and learned from him that he (KOEHLER) was now a member of the Deuxieme Bureau and could bring SOMMER in if SOMMER so desired. SOMMER agreed, under the stipulation that French citizenship should later be provided for him. KOEHLER indicated that this would be an easy matter. NEISSER and DELIOUX also decided to join the Deuxieme Bureau.

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The following day SOMMER met the Deuxieme Bureau of Nice, who was known to everyone only as Le Capitaine. Nothing definitive was decided at this meeting, however, as the Regional Chef at Marseille, Commandant Georges HENRY, was expected momentarily in order to pass on all applicants. SOMMER was approved and was to go to Spain via Toulousse. NEISSER was to go to Italy via Nice and DELIOUX's territory was to be Switzerland, with headquarters in Lyon.

When SOMMER arrived in Toulouse, he was put at the Hotel Terminus, using the false French carte d'identite made out to Hans STEPHAN which had been given to him by the Deuxieme Bureau in Nice. According to plan, SOMMER reported to the Commisaire de la Securite Militaire where he was told to sit tight until the arrival of Monsieur LEON, the Deuxieme Bureau's Branch Chief at Perpignan. When LEON arrived, accompanied by his deputy, Monsieur MICHEL, SOMMER was taken to Narbonne, put in a hotel, and told to remain there for another four weeks to await further instructions. In case of emergency he was to call Perpignan or get in touch with the Captain of the Gendarmerie, who would notify MICHEL.

Three weeks of idleness passed before SOMMER was ordered to proceed to Carcassone about 1 July 1945. He met LEON and MICHEL in a private house near the RR station. For his immediate task, he was instructed to go to Spain and there to contact old German Abwehr and SD agents. He was to tell them that he had escaped from San Remo and now wished to be of service to them, preferably in France, as the one place intimately known to him. LEON wanted the names and addresses of German and French agents who had formerly operated between Marseille and Bordeaux and were still not arrested by the French. As LEON was fully convinced of the existance of the remnants GIS agents in Spain, employing French nationals, it was also to be SOMMER's task to uncover them and under some pretext bring them back to France.

The possibility of SOMMER's joining the Spanish Intelligence Service was also touched by LEON. This plan was only to be used if all others failes. LEON told SOMMER not to worry too much about Spanish Intelligence Service, which he termed fumbling and impotent. SOMMER received no schooling on the present Deuxieme Bureau and its methods, but was told to go ahead and operate on the basis of his many years' experience as an Abwehr officer. It was understood that SOMMER was not to be a paid agent, but he did receive 20,000 Pesetas from LEON as expense money. According to SOMMER, his motives for joining the Deuxieme Bureau were personal and not monetary.

LEON informed SOMMER that he could be reached through Paulina ALTUVEZ, calle Villadornat 44, Barcelona. All the letters sent through this address were to bear the signature Juan, but no replies would be sent to SOMMER. On 10 August 1945 LEON drove SOMMER down to the border town of Puigcerda, at which point he was to enter Spain. LEON, counting on the inefficiency of the Spanish Government, believed that SOMMER, as a former intelligence officer, would encounter no difficulty whatsoever in Spain and should therefore be able to report back to Perpignan with the desired information within six weeks. LEON's miscalculations, however, resulted in the arrest and detention of SOMMER by the Spanish at Camp Miranda from August 1945 until February 1946. It was relatively easy for SOMMER to send letters to LEON through ALTUVEZ, because many people entered and left the camp without being searched.

When SOMMER was finally released from the camp, he went to Madrid to carry out le long- delayed mission for the Deuxieme Bureau.

The alleged New Spanish Intelligence Service.

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(...) When he was arrested in Puigcerda, SOMMER revealed his real identity, which LEON had told him to do. It was a necessary step, because SOMMER was known in Spain as a GIS agent and his further plans made it imperative for him to be recognized.

When SOMMER was released from Camp Miranda in February 1946, he went to Madrid. His attention was first called to the matter of a New Spanish Intelligence Service through a meeting with a former agent of the Central Abwehr Agency in France, Raymond HEVRARD, alias ANDRE, alias, GAILARDO, now living in Madrid. HEVRARD had been sent to Italy by Mil Amt in March 1945, had been overtaken there by the defeat of Germany, had infiltrated into Italian Partisans as a Spanish Loyalist, and had then escaped to Spain.

He is married to a Spanish woman and took active part in the Spanish Civil war on FRANCO'S side. On his arrival in Spain in February 1946, HEVRARD ran across the Spanish PENA, whom he had known in the Central Abwehr Agency in France. PENA told HEVRARD that his friend VICENTE was forming a new Spanish Intelligence Agency in agreement with FRANCO. VICENTE is a Falange leader and is in close contact with FRANCO in his capacity as Head of the Falangist Servicio de Investigaciones (e) Informacion, an organization serving internal security. VICENTE proposed to FRANCO that an intelligence service on an entirely new basis be formed. He believed that the Servicio de Informacion Militar, an army information service, had proved a failure, that its officers were corrupt, and that it was regularly penetrated by enemy intelligence. He thought that after the downfall of the Axis powers, Spain was fated to play a leading role in Europe and would therefore need an efficient intelligence service. The sum must have been considerable, since VICENTE paid HEVRARD, who had been hired as an agent, 8000 Pesetas monthly plus expenses and the other agents were receiving 5000 Pesetas, an unheard amount in previous Spanish intelligence circles.

As his first priority project, VICENTE applied himself to building up a net in France and North Africa, together with the establishment of contact with possible German and Italian resistance movements. Aping the methods used by the Germans, he intended to entegrate his people regularly into the Spanish Foreign Service, plant agents in Spanish embassies and consulates, and make use of the Falangists already in the service of the government. He envisioned the use of many former Axis agents of Spanish nationality and made some of his men take diplomatic courses and examinations for future assignments. Juan de ARENZANA, son of the Spanish Consul-General in Marseille, remarked to SOMMER that these future intelligence agents, passing as diplomats in the eyes of the world, would destroy whatever reputation Spain might still have in other countries. VICENTE repeatedly high- pressured the Foreign Office to make the diplomatic examinations easy for his men. SOMMER had only one interview with VICENTE, shortly before his second arrest in April 1946. He gave SOMMER the impression of being a man of exceptional energy and capability, and a convinced Falangist and idealist who was stubbornly set in his political outlook. VICENTE was unable to recognize the de Gaullist rightist tendency in present-day France, but insisted rather on helping and making use of the French collaborationists now living in exile in Spain. Some of these people were:

- MOYNIER, Yves, alias MAGICIER, Gilbert. Barcelona.

- PUTEAU, Adrien. Barcelona.

- TICHEYRE, Jose. Barcelona.

- FRECHOU, Paul. Madrid.

- VOINEAU, Robert. Madrid.

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- GUICHARD, Guido. Madrid.

- DODO, Michel, alias LARA. Miranda.

- TENAILLE, Andre. Madrid. -AUGUSTINE (fnu). Madrid.

SOMMER believes that AUGUSTINE suceeded in bringing two agents, QUEYRAT and AUMOND, into VICENTE'S service.

For the building of the organization in France, HEVRARD was brought forward by PENA and received identity documents bearing the Spanish name of GALIARDO from VICENTE. HEVRARD (...) recruits his agents from the fertile field of French emigres, which he knows very well. He has installed wireless stations in San Sebastian and Barcelona and a net is soon to extend to France, covering Toulouse, Marseille, Bordeaux, Lyon, Paris Rheins and Lille. (...)

When HORCHER (see HORCHER, Otto) informed SOMMER of his intention to go to Argentina, SOMMER sensed immediately that something important was going on. Since Gen. KRAMER, H/Stuf FULMES, Obst/Lt FUCHS, O/Lt MOLL and quite a number of other officers in active service were hiding in Spain (SOMMER claims that he had a list with addresses of hidden officers which he destroyed when arrested by Spanish police) and since SOMMER had found it impossible to contact them at that time, he got in touch with ESCAT, a Frenchman and former member of the Action Frangaise and the editor of the magazine Je suis partout'm Paris. ESCAT is known as an active pro-German Frenchman and had close contacts with the German General Staff and with the Foreign Office (...) In December 1944, ESCAT, together with his wife and two of his co-workers (names unknown to SOMMER), were sent to Madrid by plane with a special mission. There was a general rumour to the effect that ESCAT, by order of the German Foreign Office, was to sound out the Allies on the possibilities of a separate peace. Now, however, SOMMER is convinced that ESCAT's true mission was an entirely different one, possibly that of financing the Germans who were already in Spain and those who would have to hide there in the future. ESCAT had allegedly received large sums of money in Berlin for just that purpose. (...)

SOMMER knew ESCAT from France and met him again in Madrid through his intimate friend, Robert VOINEAU, in whom ESCAT had absolute confidence, having known him for many years. Before the planned meeting with ESCAT, VOINEAU informed SOMMER that he had very good news from VICENTE. VICENTE has given VOINEAU the confidential information that now, after PERON's victory in Argentina, the plan concerning the departure of Germans for that country had taken a tangible form. The problem of securing false papers in order to deceive the Allies had already been solved. VOINEAU gave SOMMER estimates that between 150 and 200 Germans were to be shipped from Cadiz to Argentina, a few at a time. The first shipment would start in August or September 1946. SOMMER's presumptions on this were confirmed by HORCHER.

At the meeting with ESCAT (...) in Madrid about 27 March 1946, SOMMER proceed carefully on the subject of Argentina. ESCAT told SOMMER that he had known PERON for many years and that they were close friends (...). SOMMER believed that ESCAT had been in communication with PERON through the Argentine Embassy in Madrid. During the meeting, ESCAT told SOMMER that he himself would undoubtedly leave for Argentina soon. SOMMER does not whether or not he did actually go there. The conversation was interrupted at one point by a phone call for ESCAT. When he returned he said: "Still another one who cannot stay hidingany longer. Everybody is asking when things will get going." This

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remark confirmed SOMMER's opinion that ESCAT may be leading the departure of Germans for Argentina (...)

SOMMER had arranged another meeting with ESCAT for the coming week, but in the meantime he received a letter from an Abwehr agent, Hans MARTIN, alias Juan MARTIN. He was active in Figueras as a German agent until March 1945, at which time he became the German Red Cross representative. At the end of 1945 he was warned by Spanish friends to go into hiding, because Allies wanted to extradite him. He hid in Barcelona and presumably remained there, since SOMMER was asked to reply to his letter through Antonio RUIZ, Plaza Recomir6, Barcelona or through a certain KUHN, Letra B, calle Molins Rey Barcelona. In this letter MARTIN informed SOMMER that friends had arrived at his hiding place and that they were all making preparation for a trip to their friend PERON, to start in two months. He also advised SOMMER to hide, as the pressure of the Allies was increasing every day. He therefore proposed that SOMMER join him in Barcelona. A few days after this letter, SOMMER received another one from Jose TICHEYRE, a Frenchman who had been an Abwehr agent in Paris and who was sent to Spain at the beginning of 1944. He worked in Spain together with LOPEZ MORENO, a member of the Spanish Intelligence Service and now of the Spanish General Staff. The last known address of TICHEYRE is 58 Ronda San Antonio, Barcelona. In the letter TICHEYRE also mentioned his intention of going to Argentina.

At the second meeting with ESCAT about 10 April 1946, there was talk about hiding German officers, especially General KRAMER, who, betrayed by a German, had just managed to be brought from his hiding place in Madrid to the rural estate of a Spanish officer. It was mentioned that all those Germans who gave the American authorities information were known to these men in hiding places and to the Spanish and were listed on a black list. It was further stated that proper measures had been taken and that the situation could be regarded as safe (...).

ESCAT's group, consisting of political fanatics joined together by a common bond of friendship extending over many years, is not an easy circle to penetrate. SOMMER feels himself fortunate to have been able, as a newcomer, to gain knowledge, little as it is, on the Argentine question.

This entire group is also closely tied up with Spanish authorities, police and army. Any members of this group wanted by the Allies is being warned ahead of time by the Spanish police, giving him time to go into hiding. SOMMER is firmly convinced that in back of the whole Argentine scheme there is a well considered plan to quietly create a central German intelligence agency with the assistance of the Argentine government. These Fascists circles are of the opinion that the relations between the Allies will grow steadily worse and that anotherv war is inevitable (...).

SOMMER could not attend the proposed third meeting with ESCAT because he was arrested. In the prision of Carabanchel he met Standf Miquel ESQUERRA* (* misspelling for SS-Obersturmbannfuhrer Miguel EZQUERRA), Spanish citizen in the Waffen SS who had seen action with the Blue Division which fought on the Eastern Front. ESQUERRA also mentioned Argentina, having heard something on the subject through his wife when she had visited him.

French Collaborationist now in Italy

During his work with GIS in Marseille and later in San Remo, SOMMER has many opportunities to observe the infiltration of former French collaborationists into Italy. This observation was augmented by information received by him from SS-Stubaf GOHL, Amt VI Chief in Milan.

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In August 1944, during the German evacuation of France, many leading figures in the French collaborationist groups, together with a great number of other members, withdrew to Germany with the retrating German troops. An estimate 5,000 (Militia) members, 6,000 PPF {Parti Populaire Francais) members and several smaller groups boosted the agregate figure to 15,000. These so-called French refugees constituted a much sought-after reservoir of potential material for the Abwehr and Amt VI.

DORIOT, Chief of the PPF, Joseph DARNAND of the Milice, Marcel BUCARD, leader of the Fascist Franciste, and Marcel DEAT of the RNP (Rassemblement National Populaire)

were approached by Abwehr officers, who had already made plans for the use of this Frenchmen. They were to return to their native land and engage in intelligence work for the Germans. The party chiefs agreed to the plan with the proviso that transportation was to be assured by the GIS and, once the agents were back in France, that they should be permitted to take up the reorganization of their respective parties. The plan was approved by SCHELLENBERG, Chief of Amt VI. SOMMER claims that the 1 5,000 Frenchmen in Germany did not comprise 10% of the Fascist-minded open collaborationist still living in France. It would have been an easy matter to undertake reorganization with a receptive body of such magnitude, especially since countless other French people were not too enthusiastic over losing their homes and other possessions as their price of liberation. In Germany it was decided to send agents back to France via Italy, through Innsbruck, Verona and Milan, instead through Alsace-Lorraine, thereby reducing the chances of apprehension. The Amt VI offices in Milan, Turin and San Remo were instructed to look out for these agents and assist them in everyway possible. SOMMER met some of them in September 1944 and April 1945.

The Milice, possessing the most capable men of all collaborationist groups, had an agency in Wiesbaden under the leadership of two former French officers, DEGANS and FILIOL, who selected prospectives candidates and instructed them in future work. Both DEGANS and FILIOL had formerly acted as liaison officers with Amt VI. Another office of the Milice was established in Milan under KNIPPING.

The PPF mantained an office and wireless school near Constance on Lake Constance in charge of BARTHOLEMY, who also had a small office in Milan. Still another office was in San Remo operated by the former PPF Chief, Pierre PETIER. The office in San Remo was equipped with wireless devices.

At the end of the war in May 1 945, BARTHOLEMY, had about 40 or 50 finished agents in Italy who never had a chance to be set up in France. Among these agents were leaders of the PPF, many of them chagrined at being estranded in Italy. Some of them were equipped with radios and all of them had automatic weapons and large sums of money.

In addition-to the aforementioned agents, more than 400 other members of the party were brought to Italy during January 1945. Practically all of the above — mentioned 15,000 Frenchmen in Germany were living on the German economy, already taxed to its capacity, so it was convenient and expedient to relieve the burden by dumping these people on their relatives in Italy, after establishing the fact that relatives in Italy did exist. They were not schooled in intelligence and were to play subordinate roles in France. It is SOMMER's opinion that because of their Fascist-minded political outlook, their.knowledge of the Italian language, and connections gained through their relatives, the continued presence of these men in Italy constitutes a perpetual hazard to an orderly peace.

The same situation is true with the Milice. In February 1945, DARNAND and 800 of his followers arrived in Milan with the idea of establishing an independent brown maquis group to fight alongside the Brigada Nera against the Italian Partisan groups, Later on, the same group was to fight the Allies in France, with special attention paid to sabotage and the

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disruption of oil lines between Marseille and the front. That no more than 800 came to Italy out of the 5,000 who entered France was due to the fact that 3,000 of them joined the SS Infantry Division Charlemagne and another 1 ,000 were put in war plants.

No more than approximately 15 agents succeeded in reaching France. They were transported under cover of darkness in small speedboats from San Remo to their destination, San Raphael. According to SOMMER, the other agents are still in hiding in Italy. Because DEGANS, FILIOL and GOMBERT, a good friend of DARNARD and a regional chief of the Milice, were former members, of Eugene DELONCLE's Cagoulards (former pro-Fascist French party) and as such were in contact with the Italian Intelligence Service in 1936 and 1937, specifically with BARANCO and PETINATTI, SOMMER assumes that these contacts are now being renewed.

Marcel DEAT with his entire steff is supposed to be in Italy still.

Joseph GARETTE, leader of the Jeunesse Europenne, a collaborationist youth movement, is known to be in Italy, as well as about 15 of his staff, all of whom were trained by two Amt VI agents (names unknown to SOMMER). GARETTE 's main mission in France was to reorganize the youth group and fight the Allies in the area around the Pyrenees.

PALMIERI, a former agent of the Paris Abwehr office, came to Italy about the first week in March 1945, accompanied by five men, including a certain COTY, a restaurateur in Paris. This small group is of Corsicen descent, speaks fluent Italien.and arrived in Milan with false Swiss papers. Their last address was Milan.

SOMMER estimates the number of trained French agents now hiding in Italy to be about 100, with approximately another 1,400 active political collaborationists scattered throughout Northern Italy. Knowing the mentality of these people, SOMMER convinced that their work did not end with the cessation of hostilities and that some clandestine activity must be going on.

Conclusions

SOMMER came to this Center under the name Herbert SENNER and the interrogation proceeded according to the knowledge brief, with SOMMER seemingly co-operating 100%. It was not possible at this Center to check the veracity of his information. Even now, although in possession of the French data on SOMMER, which hardly differs at all from our version on the general intelligence aspect, although it shows discrepancies in SOMMER's real name, birthplace and other pre-G/S data, it should be borne in mind that he still may be witholding information from us.

When confronted with the new evidence, SOMMER readily admitted that the name SENNER, as well as all the other details of hid pre-G/S career, were given to him by Amt VI at the time he joined them. He was told to forget his real name completely and to be known only under the name SENNER.

When SOMMER joined the Deuxieme Bureau, he revealed his family name, but at CIE 76, allegedly because of harsh treatment, he decided to withold the truth. At this Center, in spite of self-admitted satisfaction with the treatment, he still concealed the true facts. SOMMER claimed that he feared complications, solitary confinement, and a prolonged stay in this Center, if he revealed his real name.

SOMMER as a personality is not to be considered reliable, but his information as given in this report is seemingly genuine. He is shwred, calculating and opportunistic. He is ready to

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work for his former enemies and at the same time professes to be nationalist. At all time he is ready to hunt with the hounds and run with the hare. (...) Signed John Heinig, Capt AUS Chief, CI Section."

SOMMERFELD, Hans Joachim. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1 946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Berlin, 22 August, 1922.

SONNER, Hans. Capt. In France before coming to Spain. Born about 1914.

SPACEK, Victor. German agent. Technician for Skodawerke. Interrogated by Allied Control Commision about German armaments trade with Spain during war.

SPAHN, Hermann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SPAHN, Walter. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SPARWASSER, Giselher. Agent in Spanish Morocco and Tangier, ll-Unclassified in OSS records. Archeologist.

SPAZIER / SPATZIER, Kurt. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Dolaufsaalke, 23 October, 1925.

SPERLICH, Anton. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SPERLING, Willi. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SPERRIE, General. Commander of Condor Legion.

SPIELER, Erwin. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: 1.G. Farbenindustrie A.G. Employee. Paseo de Colon 8, 3o, Barcelona. Born Feldkirch (Vorarlberg), 7 December, 1902. Passport No 85/40 issued Bilbao 7.6.1940. Member of DAF.

SPIES / SPIESS, Hans Josef. Condecorated by FRANCO "Caballero de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas con Encomienda" (BOE, 1 1 Septiembre de 1 940).Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 5/8/1902 in Kreuznach. Address in Germany, 1946: Venusberweg 34, Bonn/ Rh. (British zone).

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SPINDLER, Conrad. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SPINDLER, Gisela. Agent classified B. Listed as B337. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Employed at Embassy, Madrid.

SPITZER, George / Georg. Repatriated from Bilbao. Munchen, 29 August, 1918.

SPITZI / SPITZY, Reinhard N. Agent classified A. Listed as C338. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. NSDAP member. Austrian. CPI Pink Card 45068. Representative of Skoda in Spain, possibly worked for Canaris who knew him well. Born about 1910.

Connected with Skoda and Hispanese Industrial y Comercial S.A. Address: Miguel Angel 18, Madrid. Formerly employed by German Embassy.

" La documentacion consultada en el Archivo del Ejercito del Aire se detiene en el manuscrito que el ministro Jordana. presento al Consejo de Ministros. Combinando este material con el que nos proporciono la CHANA procedente de los servicios secretos norteamericanos, las acciones del coronel Velez quedan en gran parte aclaradas. Como se sabe segun este ultimo material, Velez se reunio con Reinhard SPITZY, representante de la fabrica de armas alemana Waffen Union Skoda-Brunn, en Lisboa a fines de diciembre de 1943 (Embassy of the United States of America, Despatch 1902, Madrid January 17 1944 y Pangerm May 10 1946). La conversacion giro sobre la posibilidad de que Argentina pudiera comprar a Alemania material de guerra (artillena antiaerea, artilleria antitanque, etc.). SPITZY se ofrece unicamente a mediar en las negociaciones. Asi lo hace al informar primero al Embajador de Alemania en Espana, Walter DIECKHOFF, de lo que VELEZ le ha propuesto (29 de diciembre de 1943). Dieckhoff, quien consulta el caso con Walter BECKER, Consejero de la Embajada Alemana, cree que la posibilidad de transporter armas hacia la Argentina seria dificil, a pesar de que dicho negocio sena una garantia para mantener la neutralidad de este pais sudamericano. SPITZY dirige una ultima comunicacion aparentemente al presidente de la Waffen-Union en Berlin (30 de diciembre de 1943), en la que expresa la conveniencia militar y politica de vender armas a Argentina. Mientras tanto, VELEZ ha regresado a Madrid, reiniciando las conversaciones con las autoridades militares espanolas del modo como ha sido relatado en los parrafos anteriores, segun la fuente consultada por esta unidad en el Archivo del Ejercito del Aire." Monica Quijada y Victor Peralta Espana como lugar de transito de bienes y personas desde la Alemania Nazi hasta la Argentina durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial yla pos-guerra (CEANA).

SPLETTSTOSSER / SPLETTSTOESSER, Walter. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1 941 ). Counsellor.

SPRENG, Willi. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 11/7/1924 in Mannheim. Address in Germany, 1946: Osningstr. 87b, Bielefeld (British zone).

SPRETTER, Guillermo / Wilhelm. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. General representative for German firms. Address: Apartado 301, Bilbao. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850:. Representative. Lie. Poza 3, 5o, izq., Bilbao.

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Born at Markdorf, Konstanz; on 30 July 1904. Passport No. 124/39 issued at Bilbao on 4.7.39. Member of DAF. (Was prominent member of German I.S. at Bilbao).

SPRINGER, Walter OPPENHEIMER, Lt. Agent classified l-B and ll-B in OSS records. Physician. Lived in Barcelona most of his life. Attached to Santa Cruz Military Hospital, Tenerife. Received medical training in Germany.

SPURRENBERG, Heinrich. Col. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Born about 1900. Lived in Madrid.

STAHLBERG, Gerhard. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugoy las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Secretary at German Embassy, Madrid.

STAHLNOFER, Emil. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

STAMER. Captain of Watussi. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1 941 ).

"At 1030 hours Force K received a sighting report from a Junkers Ju 86Z of 15 Sqd SAAFof a suspicious vessel in the area south of Cape Agulhas, 74 miles, 167j from Cape of Good Hope. Approximate position 35-44S, 18-47E. Force K then steered for the position of the suspicious vessel.

The vessel sighted by the Ju 86Z of 15 Sqd piloted by Captain Boshoff, was the German liner the SS WATUSSI 9521 grt. The WATUSSI had sailed from Lourenco Marques, Mozambique, on 22/1 1/39. She had on board 43 passengers and 155crew, and was believed to be attempting to return to Germany.

Force H comprising the SUSSEX and SHROPSHIRE had recently completed fuel at Simonstown and were returning to the patrol area. When Force H received the sighting report they also steered for the poison of the suspicious vessel and being nearer they arrived first. On the approach of SUSSEX, Captain Stamer, the master of the WATUSSI set his vessel on fire and set the scuttling charges and the crew and passengers abandoned ship. The 155crew and 42 passengers were picked up by SUSSEX. " Lt Cdr Geoffrey B Mason. Service histories of royal navy warships in World War 2, December 2, 1 939.

STAMER, Theodore. Agent classified B & C. Listed as B339. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Employee of Alvargonzalez Erhardt y Cia. Address: Instituto 25, Gijon.

STAMER, Robert. Gefr V-Mann, II KO Portugal, Mar40-Fall 41. Born 1905. 1.80 m, muscular, blond hair, blue eyes, reading glasses. Career: Asst to Maj RUDOLF, Letter II KO Portugal but had few duties. Probably went to Turkey later as Abwehrll V-Mann. Misc: Married, 2 or 3 children. Before war had import-export firm in Hamburg. Had been in Brazil for many years. Speaks Portugese, some English, French, Spanish.

STAMMBERGER. Capt. Agent classified l-B and lll-B in OSS records. Former teacher of Hitlerjunge. In Spain in 1945

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STAMMWITZ, Hans. Military auditor. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

STAMNITZ, Walter. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Employee of the OKW WNV interception cryptography unit in Spain (PLANKERT's office). A-501 Official List. DOB. Liegnitz, 15 January, 1911.

STANKEWITZ, Herbert Josef. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Martin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Oppeln, 5 February, 1923.

STAPF, Gottfried. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

STARK, Ludwig. . In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records). Internee from Santander. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Brought to repatriation center under police escort. DOB. Nuiders (?), 9 July, 1901. E-133 Official List.

STARKE. Fr. I-M, KO Spanien (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain)

STEGEMANN, Rudolf. Agent classified l-B and lll-B in OSS records. Professor. Barcelona. Born about 1888.

STEGMANN, Eckhard, Agent classified lll-A and IV-B in OSS records. Director del Colegio Aleman en Barcelona1940. Address: Calle Moia 4, Barcelona.

STEGMEIER, Heinrich. German formerly employed as technician by the Spanish Government.Listed for departure on SS Marine Martin, scheduled to leave the Port of Bilbao about Agust 31, 1946. Born 27 July, 1910 at Schrobenhausen. Arrived Spain in 1941. Worked on Military airfield at Logrono for German aviation company. His services considered indispensable in January 5, 1943.

STEIDINGER. Agent classified B. Listed as B340. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Business man. Connected to Minerales del Sur, Sevilla.

STEIBRUEGGEN, Ulf. Uffz. I-M, KO Spanien (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain).

STEIGERWALD, Ludwig. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

480

STEIN. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. W/T technician.

STEIN, Bruno. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). First counsellor of German Government.

STEIN, Friedrich. Dr. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

STEINDORF, Ernst Ritter von. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Zaragoza 136, Barcelona. Born November 12, 1886 at Sinzing. Manager of Unicolor. Member of NSDAP.

STEINER, Wilhelm. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Electrical engineer and film director. Born March 8, 1904, Viena. Formerly in France. Partner in Sevilla Film Co., Madrid. Address: calle Picon 8, Madrid.

STEINERT, Albin. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

STEINHAUSER, Friedrich. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Corcega 349, Barcelona. Born September 7, 1900 at Nuencken. Technical director of Unicolor. Member of NSDAP. Recommended for immediate repatriation.

STEINLE, Katharina. Secretary for the Air Attache of German Embassy. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. A-505 Official List. DOB. Essen, 20 November, 1917.

STEINMETZ, Alfons. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801- 2850 /Representative. Bertendona 4, 52, Bilbao. Born at Pforzheim on 6 January 1914. Passport No. 255 issued at Calw on 7.10.37. Member of DAF.

STEINOCHER, Otto. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

STEINRODER, Fritz. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Engineer. Bilbao. Born about 1900.

STELZNER. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. Head of the Feminine Youth Movement in Spain.

STENSHORN, Karl. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Bad Kreuznach, 17 July, 1916.

481

STEPHAN, Egon. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Physician. Born about 1900. Barcelona.

STEPHAN, Kurt. German formerly employed as technician by the Spanish Government.Listed for departure on SS Marine Marlin, scheduled to leave the Port of Bilbao about Agust 31, 1946. DOB. Schneeberg, 13 February, 1909.

STERNKE Fritz Karl G. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 22/1/1899 in Stralsund Pommern. Address in Germany, 1946: Eipstr. 237b, bei Engel BAYERN, Neuburg/ Donau.

STICHER, Heinrich. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Engineer. Worked in Andorra and Spain.

STICHLER, Karl. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Counsellor.

STIEBERT, Adalbert. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Gera, 13 October, 1924.

STILLE, Friedrich / Federico. Agent classified D. Listed as A343. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified l-B and ll-B in OSS records. German consul in San Sebastian. Formerly in Paris.

STILLICH STUBS, Ernst / Ernesto. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Technician. Merida. Born about 1897, Elbing, Germany.

STOBERMACK, Otto. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Villanueva de la Serena (Badajoz). Born January 1, 1903 at Eisenach. Married to German. Sent by Rowak to Sofindus and worked as industrial engineer with Montes de Galicia S.A.

STOCK, Josef. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

STOCK, Karl. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

STOCKHAUSEN, Bernhard. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

482

STOECKLER Karl W. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 22/7/1923 in Schwenningen a. Neckar. Address in Germany, 1946: Bahnhofstr. 10, Ludwigsburg (US zone).

STOEGER, Anton. Agent of KO Spain who left for Germany, March 1945.

STOEGER, Ursula. Wife of agent Anton STOEGER. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. A-1062 Official List. Children: Ingrid Gris Ursula, aged 4 and Gottfried Anton, aged 3. DOB. Berlin, 27 June, 1919.

STOFER. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Chemical engineer of Michelin, Lasarte factory, S.A.F.E.N., Address: Michelin, Aptdo. 139, San Sebastian.

STOLLBERG, Harry Otto. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 8/3/1924 in Helfta b. Eisleben. Address in Germany, 1946: Kupferdamm 98, Hamburg- Farmsen (British zone).

STOLZ, Wilhelm. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

STOPP / STOEPP, Blasius. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801- 2850: Representative. C. Navarra 8, 5o dcha., Bilbao. Born at Innsbruck on 31 December 1900. Passport No. 26/39 issued at Lyon on 18.2.39.

STORGEL, Franz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

STORK, Max. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

STRAESSNER, Alejandro. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Engineer. Madrid. Born about 1900.

STRANZ, Ernst. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

STRAUCH, alias STRACHWITZ. Kpt/Lt. I-M, KO Spanien (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain)

STRAUCH, Fritz. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 29/12/1922 in Erfurt. Address in Germany, 1946: Boruthalweg 5, Erfurt (Soviet zone).

STRAUSS, Herbert. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Huelva.

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STRAUSS, Herbert. Agent classified A. Listed as C341. Colegio Aleman. Vigo

STRAUSS und TORNEY, Giinther von. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 23/12/1901 in Schleswig. Address in Germany, 1946: Eugen Richte strasse 41, Erfurt (Soviet zone).

STREIT / STREITH, Rudi. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. In hospital and not interrogated. Reported to have arrived in Barcelona from Germany on 22 December 1944 as an employee of Lufthansa and subsequently worked for the German I.S. He was in contact in February 1945 with Hans URBAN and Ricardo HOPPE. A-684 Official List. DOB. 27 March, 1921.

STREPPEL, Kurt. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

STRIDDE, Gerard alias Gerhard STRIDDLE. DEGRELLE's pilot. Deportee Madrid- Germany by Army air November 22 1946. Arrived at Civilian Internment Camp 74 near Stuttgart on 26 November 1946. I priority. Acoording to STRIDDE's statement, DEGRELLE was hospitalized for shoulder bone fractures and remained in a Spanish hospital until 15 October 1946. His whereabouts were unknown.

STROBEL, Georg. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

STROHBACH, Kurt alias Leandro ESTROVA (in other files Leandro ESTROVA is taken as real name and Kurt STROHBACH as alias). German agent classified D. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Secretary. Address: calle Tapiolas 45, 4°, Barcelona.

STROSCHEIN, Richard. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

STRUB, Max. Agent classified lll-A in OSS records. Professor. Born about 1900. Madrid.

STRUCHTEMEIER Erich. Agent classified D. Listed as D345. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Director of Prodelin. Address: Villa Amelia 11, Hernani, San Sebastian.

STRUNK, Roland Nazi journalist, Schutzstaffel (SS) officer, and adviser to Adolf Hitler. Condecorated by FRANCO "Caballero de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas con Encomienda" (BOE, 11 Septiembre de 1940).

484

STUBBS, Erwin Hans, alias Erwin SCHMIDT, alias EL GALLEGO, alias DON JUAN. Agent classified A. Listed as A346. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Born July 31, 1912 in Barranquilla, Colombia. In Madrid for some time. Attached to German Embassy. Interned at Caldas de Malavella, March 1945. Repatriated from Spain by air (dates from January 29 to February 25, 1946). Po. No. 0081. Arrested 15 February 1946 by CI/MIS Det at CIE 76, Asperg. He arrived at USFET MIS Center 23 August 1946 and was accepted at the request of G-2 USFET.

From Preliminary Interrogation Report (CI-PIR) No 134, dated 13 September, 1946 and Cl- FIR/ 131, 27 November, 1946:

Personal data :

Description: Height: 1.85m; weight: 90 kg; build: slender; face: long; hair: dark brown< wear glasses. Address: Wiesbaden

Born 31 July 1912 at Barranquilla, Colombia, the son of a German father, Walter STUBBS, and a Colombian mother, Emilia KNAUER, nee MEYER DE URQUIJO. Brothers: Walter, Werner and Edgar. Sister: Use Baronin SCHENK zu SCHWEINBERG, Bezirk Kassel. Religion: protestant. Identity documents: Reisepass No 2048 (99948 Q42). Languages: some French, English, fluent Spanish.

1922 Entered the Deutsche Realschule in Bogota.

1928 Family returned to Germany.

1929 Graduated from the Thaer Oberrealschule in Hamburg and moved to Spain with the family.

1931 Attended the Academia Cots and received his Spanish Handelsdiplom. Worked for the Firma Industrias Sanitarias, S A, Barcelona.

1934 Transferred to the Madrid office as assistant Tech Dir. Joined the NSDAP, but withdrew one year later.

1936 Returned to Germany and worked for Paul HARTMANN, A G, Heidenheim / Brenz in the South American export section.

1940 Drafted into Inf Ers Btl 236.

1941 Transferred to Nachrichten Dolmetcher Abt.

January 1942 Promoted to Gefr. June 1942 Promoted to Uffz.

August 1942 Transferred to OKV, Berlin. Underwent short Abwehr training course. Sent to Madrid as member of Refl-M, KO Spain, where he was put in the Innendienst.

1943 Placed in charge of /-M Agents. Throug his father he obtained position with firm Elster, S A, Madrid, for camouflage purposes.

March 1945 Interned in Caldas, Spain.

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February 1946 Repatriated to Germany

Administrative data:

Source of prisoner, including arresting agency: CI-MIS, CIE 76, Asperg. Date of arrival: 23 August, 1946.

Documents sent with prisoner: Repatriation form, Declaration of Foreihn assets, Reisepass

Results of name check against PCI (Personal Card Index: Pin Card 1169)

(...)

"What information has been gained is considered to be reliable"

Knowledge brief : Referat l-M, KO Spain. Address: Valera 4, Madrid.

The following information about l-M, KO, Spain was compiled by US CI from the interrogations of Erwin STUBBS and Hans BUGGE (see supra BUGGE, Hans):


 * see diagram in notes

Personnel of l-M and Bureau FELIPE.

Madrid :

- Korv/Kapt GAHLEMANN, succeded by

- Korv/Kapt BALZER, succeded by

- Korv/ Kapt GELDERN, succeded by

- Korv/Kapt OBERMUELLER

- Korv/Kapt MOELLER

- Korv/ Kapt (?) BOHNY -Korv/Kapt REDL

- Korv/Kapt BYDEKARKEN Kpt/Lt STRAUCH

- O/FwGuenther SICK

- Sonderfuehrer MOLDENHAUER

- Uffz Hans BUGGE

- Uffz Erwin STUBBS

- Uffz Ulf STEINBRUEGGEN

- Gustav FOCK

- Von der GOLTZ - BROCHART

- Frl EHLERS

- Frl THIEL

- Frl BRUMM

- Frl GOEDEL -Frl WALTERS

- Fr STARKE -Fr HOFFMANN

Algeciras (BODEGA)

- Lt FANGER, CO, left for Norway in 1941, succeded by

- Korv/Kpt KELLER, succeded beginning 1943 by -Korv/Kpt REDL

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- Kpt MAUS, alias RATON (Merchant marine), returned to Germany in 1943

- JUANITO, assistant

- URBAN, driver

- Observers: Fw DOORMANN, 0/ Maat HAESIUS, 0/ Maat MOLL

- Photographers: Watchm Dr. KRUEGER, alias JARRO

- Radio operators: Funk O/Maat THIEL, Funk Gefr BALZIUS, Funk Watchm OPITZ, EMILIO

Ceuta (LEOPARD)

- O/Lt FIZIA, CO, succeded by

- Sonderfuehrer OHLENROTH

- Observers: Uffz ESDERS, Gefr ADRIAN, Gefr BLASS, Gefr ROTH FRITZ, Gefr von LOEH,

- Funk Gefr MENSE, ALTENKAEMPER.

Tangier (LUCHS )

- Korv/Kpt KELLER, CO, succeded by

- O/Lt FIZIA

- O/Fw KERN

- Fw MERTENS

- Observers: O-Maat FUEGGEMANN, Uffz MEIXNER, Schtz KRUEGER, Schtz LAMPRECHT.

Spanish Morocco

- Obst/Lt RUDOLF, alias RECKE, alias MORUNO Tetuan: FROHMULLER, GEISSENHOFER, von HENNET. Ceuta: MEYER, alias MOVA, CENTENO, Gefr EGER Melilla: KRAEMER

Tangier: KRUEGER, alias KRUSE, WIEDEMANN

Canaries

Las Palmas: Consul FICK, BERTRAM of Lufthansa, NIEMANN alias NEMO, RAHN. Santa Cruz: Consul AHLERS

Algeciras (CAESAR)

- CARBE, alias CAESAR

- Ernst SCHULTZE, alias TINTO

- SIMMROSS, alias LAGARTO

- Manolo ALVAREZ.

Inspection Nord

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Bilbao, HQ: Sonderfuehrer OHLENROTH, Otto MESSNER, HINRICHSEN

Vigo: ALTEN MEYER, THOMAS alias Walter GIEZE, Alfred SCHULZ, Eduard ARNOLD

Coruna: JAUCKENS, THOMAS

Gijon: HERBERG, STAHMERS

San Sebastian: FURCH, Uffz SCHROTTE alias SCHROEDER, von der BECKE, Gefr MOHREN, Schtz EGER, WACK

Inspektion Ost

Barcelona, HQ: O/Lt FIZIA, RUEGGEBERG alias FEDERICO, MUELLER, BRACUN, HAAUPTMANN alias Dr. Alfredo KUHNE, alias Dr. HOLZER (l-M, Asst Hamburg)

Baleares: GOCI (*), Civil Governor of Palma de Mallorca, SCHLATTERER of l-L, VELA

(radio operator).

(*) This is an error due, probably, to a misunderstanding of Spanish abbreviation of Go(bernador) Ci(vil). The Civil Governor in Mallorca in that years was General Luis GARCIA RUIZ who succeded Mateu TORRES BESTARD. (Note by E. Meyer)

Cartagena: Consul FRICKE.

Alicante: NUTZ, von KNOBLOCH

Valencia: MEYER, PETERS alias JIMENEZ.

Inspektion Sued

Sevilla, HQ: Sonderfuehrer Reinhold OTTO, consul DRAEGER, BUCKHARDT Almeria: Consul PRINZ, THIESSIER Malaga: GIESE, SCHIEFFER

Huelva: Consul CLAUS

Cadiz: SIMMROSS alias GITANO, Consul CLASSEN, Sec VOLLMER, ALTENKAEMPER alias Alberto CANO.

Bureau Felipe

- Sonderfuehrer KUEHLENTAL

- Fritz KNAPPE

- ZIERATH

- KNITTEL

- LANG

- POREDA

- Lt alias CHICO (SIM officer working with Operation Cosmos)

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Spanish Contacts :

- Joaquin Alonso COLMENARES, alias CRUZ (...)

- Jose ARDURA, alias ARBITRIO (...)

- Cesar CALDEVILLA, alias SECA. Lt. Col. (...)

- SARTORRE (...)

- Eloy PENA (...)

- RUIZ, alias RAYO (...) -CORA LIRA, Gen. (...)

- Angel MORA, alias DUQUE, alias RIFFI (...)

- Pepe MORA, alias ROGER (...)

- Jose ALARCON, alias SARGENTO (...)

Receiving address

- Flora ROQUE, Esparteros 12, MADRID.

- Paquita CALLEJAS de SCHMIDT, wife of E. SCHMIDT

- Amancio (misspelled Amangio) GUERRA, calle de Arlaban, Madrid.

- Ricardo GARCIA (?)

Duties and tasks of the branch l-M

- Ship Interrogation Service.

The duties of this branch were to obtain reports on enemy convoys, scattered freighters and warships at sea, and conditions and activities in foreign ports. o implement these missions, l-M recruited Spanish sailors as agents. (These men, at the various ports of call, would contact an agent or hand the German consulate a report of what had been observed at route. These reports were then forwarded to the German Embassy in Madrid in an envelope marked "Fuer SOMMER" or "Fuer SOMOZA", both cover names for KO Spain.) The placing of these agents on board was gratly facilitated by the willing cooperation of the ship-board and harbor police of the Spanish Brigada Movil. The agents were paid for each report according to its value, the highest amount paid was 1,000 Pesetas. The withdrawal of Allied certificates for Spanish sailors reduced the number of agents considerably.

- Observation of the Straits of Gibraltar.

On the northern side of the Straits an observation port was installed at Algeciras for night and day operation. It was manned buy German seamen, who had a radio link with Madrid. On the other side there was one post at Ceuta, Morocco, run by Kurt MEYER, alias MOVA and another at Tangier run by KRUEGER, alias KRUSE. These men were commanded by Ost/Lt. RUDOLF, who was in charge of all Abt I activities in Morocco. He was responsible to Obst KIEKEBUSCH, l-Leiter KO Spain. MEYER and KRUEGER sent their reports by radio to Tetuan, capital of Spanish Morocco, from where they were sent to Madrid. In addition, RUDOLF stationed observers at the approaches to the Straits, the Western one at Cabo Spartel near Tangier, and the eastern one at Cape Tres Forcas near Melilla.

The Straits were further observed by agents of the Bureau Felipe of Sdf KUEHLENTHAL. This Bureau came under Abt I, KO Spain, and was used by KIEKEBUSCH for special and secret missions, which he did not see fit to entrust to l-M, l-H or l-L. The observations of the

489

Straits by KUEHLENTHAL's men was known as Operation Cosmos, and observation post were maintained at Algeciras and Tarifa. Cosmos used part of the Network of Sirene, Servicio de Informaciones Militares, SIM (the Spanish Intelligence Service), because KUEHLENTHAL had excellent connections with the SIM. Reports were sent from Algeciras by Lt. alias CHICO, a Spanish staff officer, to alias JUAN, a radio operator located in the calle Reina Victoria 16, Madrid. Lt. Col. SANCHEZ RUBIO, a SIM officer at Algeciras, also had a hand in the Cosmos reports.

Later l-M established a special post, Caesar, Algeciras, to recruit agents to observe the Rock and Basta, the harbor of Gibraltar. However, l-M was not satisfied with the results of any of its posts or agents, and early in 1942 the entire onservation system of the Straits was reorganized and the new system was called Gruppe Bodden. This gruppe had more efficient personnel, better equipment and was under the constant supervision of a l-M officer. Bodden stations were set up in Algeciras, Ceuta and Tangier, under the cover names of Bodega, Leopard and Luchs respectively. Bodega was equipped with three telescopic cameras, with which pictures were taken of convoys passing throug the Straits and, with assistance of Spanish authorities in Algeciras, of the Rock of Gibraltar. Some of these pictures were made available to the Spaniards. The film used was not sensitive to infrared radiations.

Leopard was housed in a special building constructed for the Germans by the Spaniards within the Spanish military zone at Punta Leona near Ceuta. The arrangements for this were made by Obst/Lt RUDOLF with Gen ORGAZ, High Commissioner of Spanish Morocco, and the construction was directed by the Spanish staff officers Maj. ARENAS and Capt GABARON. Transportation of building materials and furnishing of passes to the military zone were effected by tho Spanish Lt Col DIAZ-FERNANDEZ. The German personnel of Leopard vas assigned to the Spanish Foreign Legion (Legion Extranjera), and this organization furnished the station with food and supplies. The equipment for the station vas brought by Spanish military transport. Despite these elaborate deceptive arrangements, radio communication could, not be established with Madrid because the Allies had discovered the existence of the post. So Leonard was moved to a private house on the beach near Ceuta, Playa Benitez, outside the Spanish military zone, and from here radio communication with Madrid was established.

Both Bodega and Leopard were equipped with telescopes, large searchlights with infrared filters and special telescopes sensitive to infrared radiations. They also had an apparatus known as Elle which was a direction finder for ships, revealing their location by recording the heat radiations. Fog and other heat-dissipating atmosphereic conditions reduced the efficiency of Elle.

In Autumn 1943 the Spaniards, acting under pressure from the Allies, forbade the use of these dovices, and tho Bodden stations were closed. The filters, telescopes and Elle were sent to Germany and the searchlights were given to the Spaniards. However, some of the equipment destined for Germany from Leopard was held by the Spanish authorities upon its arrival in Algeciras, and they refused to give it up in spite of the intervention of KIEKEBUSCH.

After the closing of tho Bodden stations, the bulk of the Straits observation was made by Comos, although l-M set up a new group of posts. KRUEGER fron Bodega was sent to Malaga. MEYER and a Spanish W/T operator alias MENDOZA were set up at Ceuta, where another post was also established manned by four Spanish recruited by V-Mann OLIVARES alias LISTO from Cadiz. This station remained in contact with Madrid until the end of the war. In Tangier there were three posts; the first, established by Korv/Kpt KELLER and three Spaniards, was active until the end, but the second, under an architect fron Tangier, RUIZ alias GURUGU, was a failure, and the third, organized by OLIVARES, was started too late to

490

show any results. KELLER left his post shortly after setting it up. The posts in Ceuta and Tangier were supervised by Ernesto BRAVO alias CAMPEON, a V-Mann of O/Fw SICK in Madrid. BRAVO came to Madrid once a month to make a personal report and settle the financial accounts. MEYER, the only German remaining in the Moroccan stations, was naturally not supervised by BRAVO; he reported directly to KIEKEUSCH.

Observation of the Straits under the Gruppe Bodden produced excellent results, principally because it was done by Germans with good equipment. Both day and night observations were conducted at all times, and were exceptionally successful under good atmospheric conditions. After the dissolution of the Bodden stations, however, the observation was done by Spaniards, who had neither interest nor experience in the work. Their incentive was purely monetary. Their observation was inaccurate during the day, and they made no attempt at night operations. For this reason, the observation done by Cosmos was always both better and ampler.

Ruecksugs Netz (Stay-Behind Network)

Toward the end of 1943 Berlin ordered all Nests of KO Spain to set up an R-Net, in order to be prepared for a possible Allied occupation of the country. This operation was directed from Madrid by Korv Kapt GELDERN alias GABERS and O/Fw SICK. The net consisted of agents and W/T operators. The agents were to collect the information normally collected by l-M and give it to the operators, who were to wire it to Germany. GELDERN went to Sigmaringen and set up a message center called Sonja, which was to be the central station of the net. Those stations in Spain not capable of communicating with Sonja were to transmit to MK's in Spain, which would relay the information. STUBBS set up an MK in Madrid manned by R-Mann alias TIBURON and W/T operator alias TIEMPO. The K-Maenner hired were paid by the Nests out of funds supplied by FRANZBACH alias PAGO, the paymaster of KO Spain. Certain sums were also set aside to establish caches of money with which to pay the net after a German withdrawal. Receipts for the money thus expended by the Nests were sent to tho paymaster so that an accurate check could be kept. l-M established no caches of sabotage equipment or weapons. Its net was to be an agency purely for the collection and dissemination of information. 17 transmitters were sent fron Paris and distributed. At the end of the war l-M discharged all its R-Maenner and the Nests returned to FRANZBACH the remainder of the money allotted for the maintenance of the net.

Missions to Foreign Countries

Most of the nissions abroad were entrusted to KUEHLENTHAL's agents, members of the Bureau Felipe. The operations of the Bureau were secret, and the maintenance of security was so effective that the other sections of KO Spain seldom knew anything about them. One instance of a break in the security occurred at the end of 1944. A Felipe agent, a Madrid radio announcer called Bobby d'ELGLANE, sent news of his safe arrival in Buenos Aires to KUEHLENTHAL through the cover address used by one of STUBBS' agents. STUBBS complained to KUEHLENTHAL, who gave him an explanation and promised that such a thing would not occur again,

Missions to foreign countries sponsored by l-M were conducted hy FOCK, STUBBS and MOLDENHAUER, and they were invariably unsuccessful. STUBBS accounts for this by the fact that KUEHLENTHAL had all the fine agents. (The latter built up his Bureau in the first days of KO Spain and was greatly assisted in his work by connections made when he was serving in the Condor Legion, as well as by his friendship with influential persons in the Spanish Intelligence Service.) Typical l-M cases are as follows:

491

V-Mann Joaquin BATICON alias BALTOS of Madrid was camouflaged as a waiter on a Spanish steamer bound for South America. Once there he was to make his way to the US nothing was heard from hin after his departure, and it is presumed that he was discovered and nrrested in Trinidad.

V-Mann ESPINA, a Uruguayan consul, was to go to the US by the same route. It is known that he was apprehended at Trinidad.

V-Mann GOMA was sent as a telegrapher to Santa Isabel on the island Fernando Po, off the coast of Spanish Guinea (Central West Africa). He was instructed to report on passing convoys. No reports were ever received from him and he was dismissed. (...)

Assistance from the Spanish authorities

The aid received from Spanish authorities ranged from their active participation in the construction of the Leopard house to the granting of permission to photograph the Rock of Gibraltar from the restricted zone of Algeciras. Through Eloy PENA of the Brigada Movil it was possible to check at any time on the entry of all foreigners into Spain and their movements within the country. A direct use of the Spanish Intelligence Service occurred in the case of the alias CHICO and alias JUAN link in the operation Cosmos. Good relations were mantained with all Spanish ministries either through influential V-Maenner or through friends of the German veterans of the Condor Legion. The ministries sent many reports to l-M, and those which did not concern l-M (mainly foreign and domestic politics) were sent through KIEKEBUSCH to the German Embassy in Madrid. Towards the end of the war, when relations with the ministries were cooling, STUBBS claims that no attempts were made to penetrate them. l-M was not permitted to penetrate the Spanish Naval Ministry; that privilege was reserved to the German Naval Attache.

Conclusions

According to STUBBS and BUGGE the outstanding succes of l-M, KO Spain was the operation of Gruppe Boddien, which ironically, the Spaniards were forced to dissolve at the sime time that they were giving the Germans enthusiastic support. The subordinate positions of the prisioners apparently prevented them from having any extensive knowledge of the activities of the Bureau Felipe, which seems to have conducted the more interesting cases. "

STUESSEL Vid. GRADOLPH

STULZ, Hannes. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 22/4/1890 in Frankfurt a. M. Address in Germany, 1946: Kemmeweg 19, bei FROMMER, Berlin no 55.

STURM, Heinrich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

STURM, Johann / Juan Federico. Agent classified B. Listed as B347. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Representative of B.M.V., Munchen-Berlin; Bucker-Flugzeugbau, Rangsdorf-Berlin; Deutsche Schiff und Maschinenbau, Bremen; Deutsche Werke Kiel, Kiel; Ernst Heinkel, Seestadt-Rostock; Hydraulik, Duisburg; Knorr-

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Bremse, Berlin; Maybach-Motorenbau, Friedrichshafen/Bodensee; Rheinmetal-Borsig, Berlin; Karl Zeiss, Jena; Zeiss Aerotopograph. Connected with Sofindus and cloaking activities. Interrogated by Allied Control Commision about German armaments trade with Spain during war. Address: Serrano 51, Madrid.

STURM, Josef. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

STUTZKE, Paul. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

SULZER, Richard. Agent classified B. Listed as B348. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Manager of Prodage. Address: Plaza America 3, 5th floor, Valencia.

SUMA. Japan Ambassador to Spain. Considered the head of the Japanese West and South European Espionage Service in Madrid. Involved in art looting. Connected with Spanish painter BENLLIURE.

SUMARAKOFF, Boris von, alias SOUSA. Agent classified B. Listed as B349. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. In Madrid (27 February, 1945) and San Sebastian.

SUMBEL, Waldemar Heinz Gustav. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. German Consulate employee in Sevilla. Reported in July 1943 to be in charge of a group of German agents and also to be in charge of a w/t set. A-899 Official List, and III Priority List. DOB. Hamburg, 21 January, 1914. Private address: Ecuador 1, Sevilla.

SUNDERGELD, Wilhelm August Fritz. Agent classified l-B and lll-B in OSS records. Professor at German College, Andalucia. address: Calle Brasil 1, Andalucia.

SUSAETA / GUSAETA, Ricardo. Spanish,, engaged in sabotage operations for the Abwehr. Connected with BLAUM, DIAZ and BORJABAD.

SUSEMIHL / SUSEMUEHL, Rolf Moritz Peter. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 18.4.1910 in Mannheim. Address in Germany, 1946: Grosswesenberg bei Lubeck (British zone).

SYPEREK, Erich. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Dohringen, 8 December, 1925.

SZKOLNIKOW / SZKOLNIKOV / SZKOLNIKOFF / SOKOLNIKOV, Michel / Miguel / Mandai / Mendel, alias M.MICHEL. Born 28 January 1895 at Szarnoko, Vilno, Latvia. Son of Aizik and Feiga SCHLESINGER, Russian jews. He left the Soviet Union (unknown date)

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and arrived Paris in 30s. He has two addresses: 19, Rue de Presbourg, Paris and 39-41 Avenue Gambetta, Chatou, Departement de Seine-et-Oise. Married Raisa TCHERNOBYLSKI / CHERNOBILSKI.

He established a business, Tesima. He is also alleged to have bought the Societe Commerciale de I'Ocean Indien, Paris, from Boissiere et Flo of Rouen. During the German occupation he worked for the Germans first selling them textil from confiscated firms and secondly helping some SS men in evading funds to Monaco and Spain. He thereby made a large fortune which he invested in real estate in Paris, the Cote d'Azur and Monaco.

According to documents from the Comite de Confiscation du Departement de la Seine (Confiscation des Profits lllicites), dated 11 Jully 1945, GABISON's partners in his dubious dealings were the Hauptsturmfuhrer Fritz ENGELKE, who protected him, his mistress, Helen SAMSON, nee Elfrida TIETZ, who introduced him in high places of the SS, and Georges SIMONET, Lyon. His cloak men and "hommes de confiance" were Mathieu CHOISIT, 51 Rue Grimaldi, Monaco and Nicolas BLANCHET. The research carried by out by the Services Financiers du departement de la Seine discovered the following firms in the SZKOLNIKOV holding:

In Monaco:

Societe de participations generates, Societe d'investissement foncier, Societe fonciere azureenne, Societe de cooperation financiere

All these controlling:

Paris : Societe immobiliere du boulevard de la Madeleine, owner of the Hotel de Paris. Cannes: Societe immobiliere de I'Hotel Majestic, owner of the Hotel Majestic La Societe des grands hotels de Cannes, owner of the Hotel Martinez Societe fermiere de I'Hotel Martinez

Nice: Societe des grands hotels de Nice, proprietor of Societe nouvelle des entreprises d'hotels, owner of the Hotel Ruhl

Groupe des societes proprietaires et exploitantes de I'Hotel Plaza et de France et des Societes proprietaires et exploitantes de I'Hotel Savoy

Monte-Carlo: Seven or eight business.

Aix-les-Bains : La Societe proprietaire et exploitante du Grand Hotel

The holding owns and control the following places and properties: In Monaco: Hotel Littoral Hotel du Helder Hotel Louvre

Hotel Mirabeau et National

Hotel des Colonies

Hotel Windsor

Hotel Bristol et Majestic

Hotel St-James et des Anglais

In Nice:

Hotel Ruhl

Hotel Plaza

Hotel Savoy

In Paris

Hotel de Paris

Restaurant de la Pomme d'Api

In Aix-les-Bains: Grand Hotel

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In Nice: Grand Palais Le palais Donadei In Cannes: Hotel Majestic Hotel Martinez Hotel Miramar Grand Hotel

Monaco: all the properties at rue Grimaldi and boulevard des Moulins

"Vers 1942 ou debut 1943. au nom d'un certain M. Michel, des demarches furent entreprises et des offres inesperees faites, tant aupres du syndic de faillite de la Fonciere du Nord, qu'aupres du Comite notarial d'information, pour la reprise des affaires gerees par la SFNF. C'est ainsi qu'au furet a mesure la presque totalite des affaires hotelieres et immobilieres de la Fonciere du Nord passerent sous le controle des societes monegasques de Michel Szkolnikoff."

{Societe des grands immeubles de la Cote d'Azur):" En 1942 la majorite des actions passe sous le controle d'A. Collenil prete nom pour la societe de participation generale a Monaco, dirigee par Szkolnikoff."

(Alain Bottaro, Le fonds d'archives Donadei - Martinez et Szkolnikoff)

The SZKOLNIKOV holding controls in 1942 the following firms and societies:

Elle prend le controle de multiples societes :

In Nice: la Societe des grands immeubles de la Cote d'Azur

In Monaco:

Societe Anonyme Hotel du Helder

Societe Anonyme Hotel du Littoral

Societe Anonyme Hotel St James et des colonies

Societe Anonyme Hotel Mirabeau

Societe Anonyme Hotel Windsor

Societe Anonyme Hotel Victoria

Societe Anonyme Palais Bellevue

Societe anonyme I'investissement financier.

Societe fonciere azureenne 12 bd Princesse-Charlotte

Societe immobiliere du Tenao

Societe immobiliere Trianon

Societe de cooperation financiere

Societe nouvelle de gestion.

Also linked with Andre GABISON and his gang in the smuggling of jewels from France with a view to the establishment of huge sums in Spain for postwar SD activities.

Also conected with TOMAS, aliases Charles BOYER, Manfred KATZ, Marcel BERGER or Thomas ALFRED.

Apparently SKOLNIKOW was murdered in Spain, near Buitrago, Madrid, 9 June, 1945 in uncleared circumstances:

Safehaven report, OSS Washington Secret Intelligence Special Funds Records 1942-1946. dated August 3, 1945:

"The report that Szkolnikoff had been murdered was subsequently denied by reports in the British press to the effect that the murdered man was not Szkolnikoff, but an unknown person

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whose body was so disguised as to make it appear that it was Szkolnikoffs. No official confirmation of this latter report has been received by MEWFO.

According to Roger Faligot and Pascal Krop, La Piscine. The French Secret Service since 1944, p. 29: " In January 1945 four DGER men, one of them an immediate assistant of Colonel Passy, executed 'Monsieur Michel' in Spain. The Civil Guard discovered that the body was that of Michel Szkolnikoff, and were informed of his lurid past through the press: a dealer in cheapjack goods before the War, particularly in clothes, he had made his fortune by re-selling to the German Army. This was done under the egregious protection of the Gestapo' to whom he passed information concerning Resistance 'terrorists'. Szkolnikoff had been betrayed by his Gestapo friend Rudy von Merode, also exiled in Spain."

TACKMANN, Heinz. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Manager of Reichsfilmkammer. Head of the Department Organization In the Reich Chamber of Culture.

TAETZ, Max. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Representative. Alameda de Recalde 4, 5o, izq., Bilbao. Born at Bilbao, Spain, on 30 May 1913. Passport No. 87/35 issued at Bilbao on 10.12.35.

TALASAC, Ramon. From Records of the American Commission for the Protection and Salvage of Artistic and Historic Monuments in War Areas, 1943-1946. Subject File: Menten. (Attachement 2, dated 13 February 1945: Report on looted Works of Art in Spa/'n-MIEDL Case): Spaniard, customs agent at Bilbao, on the proclaimed list for having acted as a cloak for German concerns. Have large dossier on him.

TARNOW (Y) SCHOMAKER, Otto. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Espartero 11-13, Bilbao. Born November 22, 1890 at Hamburg. Partner of Tarnow y Cia. Member of NSDAP and DAF and served as Nazi Party leader at Bilbao. Passport No. 1 59/39 issued Bilbao 9.8.39. Member of NSDAP and DAF. Ingo Nebel. Al Infierno o a la Gloria.

TAUBER, Albert. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

TAUBITZ, Rudolf. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Technician at Hytasa, S.A. Address: Heroes de Toledo 7, Sevilla.

TAUSCHER, Erwin. Dr. Agent classified l-B and lll-B in OSS records. Teacher of German language at the Instituto Aleman de Cultura, Barcelona. Formerly in North and South America.

TAUSK, Heinz. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 7/2/1914 in Hamburg. Address in Germany, 1946: Gustav Adolfstr. 2a Erfurt/Thur. (Soviet zone).

TAUTZ, Willy. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Ringwald & Tautz Sue. Alameda de Recalde 23, Bilbao. Born Leipzig 5 Dec. 1883. Passport issued Bilbao. Member of NSDAP.

496

TEICHMANN, Wilhelm. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

TENAILLE, Andre. From Hans SOMMER's CI interrogation: Agent for Spanish IS. Present Address: Unknown. Born: 1903 1.80m long face grayish hair. Career: A former Cagoulard and good friend of DELONCLE with whom he was arrested in 1938. Released in 1939, he volunteered for the French Army. After the armistice he became a leading member of the newly formed MSR (Mouvement Sociale Revolutionnaire). Received an assignment in Dijon by the Abwehr and was trained as wireless operator. Built a radio station in the Ardennes in August 1944. Escaped to Spain after the war, and after a brief stay et Camp Miranda, he found employment with VICENTE. Has a wife in Paris.

TENBERGEN, Gunter / Q.. Agent classified C. Listed as C351. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent for German machinery. Address: Penota 9, Santurce, Bilbao. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801- 2850:

Representative. Born at. Ruhrort on 19 March 1902. Passport No. 39/39 issued at Bilbao on 20.5.39. Member of NSDAP and DAF. (Notorious throughout the war for his activities on be- half of Germany.)

TEPPICH, Fritz. Repatriated from Spain in September 10 1946.

TERBORG, Giinther. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Oldenburg, 14 April, 1923.

TERBRACK, Hermann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

DE TERBRUGGE, Otho de. Baron. Liberian Charge dAffaires, Madrid. Dutchman naturalized Belgian. DOB 3 December 1883. Died 4 July, 1947. Married 1918 Celia-Esther SHAW and 1924 Margarida Rachel BENSAUDE. Had property in Ranholas, nearCintra, Portugal. Address in Spain: Hotel Gaylord, Madrid. Suspected German agent. Prepares and sells Liberian visas to Axis nationals preparing to escape. Travelled frequently between Madrid, Lisbon and Vichy. On good terms with German agent, Guy TERREL DES CHENES. Assisted Andre GABISON to smuggle furs from France into Spain. Reported to have left Madrid for Paris by private car via Irun the morning of March 18, 1945. Believed carrying important documents on loot and plunder. Listed in Card File on Art-Looting Suspects, compiled 1943-1946, p. 511. Roberts Commission.

TERFLOTH, Lt. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Representative of Lufthansa and Junkers. Has been in Turkey. Formerly member of Kampfgeschwader Sachsenberg, Ola and Junkers-Luftverkehrs, A.G.

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TESCHENDORFF WIEHLER, Erich Georg. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Peana 11, Grao- Valencia and Calle Plaza de Toros Vieja 5, Malaga. Born January22, 1886 at Koenigsberg; married to German. Partner in firms Erich Teschendorf y Wiehler S.A of Valencia and Gibralfaro, Malaga. Prominent in Nazi activities and member of NSDAP, DAF and of German School board.

TESSMANN, Rudolf. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. Deputy chief of Nazi party in Spain. Born about 1910. Was in Russia. Attached to German Embassy, Madrid.

THEBE Agent from HWK related to diamonds and jewels smuggling in Barcelona. Connected with KAISER, Lt.„ URBANECK, WENDEL, KONNEKE, Consul RUGGEBERG and German jeweler Rudolf BAUER

THEER. Connected to GLASER and OTSUP. Born May 30 1894 in Weidenau, Kreis Siegen, Westfalen. From March 1943 till January 1946, active in Spain as counsellor and director of the Economic Department of the German Embassy in Madrid. He was part of the team who negotiated with Spanish Goverment the sale of Reichsbahn freight cars to RENFE. The team was formed by BECKER, Konsul ENGE, MAHLAU, WILKEN (Stahlunion Export G.m.b.H in Madrid), Reichsbahnrat SCHUBEL (Deutsche Reichsbahn in Spain) and Nova/Sofindus.

THEIS, Wilhelm. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

THER, Johann SD/ Gestapo still in Spain in September 1946.

THIEC, Kar / Carlos. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. W/T operator. Bilbao.

THIEDE, Wilhelm Friedrich Rudolf. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 20/6/1917 in Wuppertal Langerfeld.

THIELE, Hans Otto. Agent classified A. Listed as A352. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Address: Francisco Rojas 7, Madrid.

THIEL. Frl. I-M, KO Spanien, Madrid (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on I-M Spain).

THIEL, Herbert. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. W/T operator. I-M, KO Spanien, Algeciras (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on I-M Spain).

THIELE, Wilhelm Friedrich Rudolf. DOB. 20/6/1917. Address in Germany, 1946: Ehrenbergerstr. 62, Wuppertal (British zone).

THIELS, Emil. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

498

THIEMANN, Berthold. Agent classified ll-B and IV-B in OSS records. Engineer. Head of Hitlerjunge in Barcelona. Born about 1895. Address: Aribau 213, Barcelona.

THIEMANN, Karl Wilhelm. Agent classified B. Listed as B353. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Pharmaceutical business. Barcelona.

THIERBACH, Otto. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Employed by Arganda Radio Station. E-32 Official List. DOB. Trachenaw, 22 November, 1894.

THIESSIER. Agent working l-M, KO Spanien, Almeria. (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's

report on l-M Spain).

THIEZLER, Ortsgruppenleiter in Malaga.

THIMMEL, Otto. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. Member of the German Chamber of Commerce, Madrid.

THOM, Herbert, alias THIEL. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Berlin, 21 September, 1920.

THOMALE, Wolfgang. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

THOMAS, Alfredo BERGER, Marcel. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain.

THOMAS / THOMS, Friedrich. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Engineer. Madrid. . In 1945 posed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

THOMSEN, Hans. Agent classified A. Listed as A354. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. Born March 14, 1905. Repatriated by air from Spain between 29 January to 25 february 1946. Po. No. 0761. Interrogated between February and May 1946. British Reports. Landesgruppenleiter of NSDAP and DAF, Spain. With access to accounts of NSDAP, NSV (this a/c operated by Hermann LAUTENSCHLEGER), H.J. and SAF.

THOMSEN avered, during interrogation by US authorities, that his political ideas had hardly changed at all, and, as a result, had he knowledge of concealed assets, he would certainly never admit it. Emil LEON was his cloak man in Spain. Address: Paseo del Cisne 17, Madrid and Carbonero y Sol 4, Madrid.

THORNER, Karl. Commander Censure section. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

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THOSS, Fritz Walter. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 27/4/1913 in Plauen Vogtland. Address in Germany, 1946: Riechheim/ Erfurt, Land (Soviet zone).

THUN, Johann / Hans/ Jean von. German formerly employed as technician by the Spanish Government.Listed for departure on SS Marine Marlin, scheduled to leave the Port of Bilbao about Agust 31, 1946. Repatriated from Bilbao, Spain in September 10 1946. Born October 9, 1904 at Duisburg. Married. Address in Germany: Linz, Donau, Schubertstrasse 39. Passport No: 184/43 issued at Linz/Donau on August 2, 1943. Works for Daimler Benz AG. at Spanish airfield at Maestranza, Logrono.

THUN, Johannes von. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. 5 March, 1899. A-757.

THURN. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. Delegate of the German Craft within the Foreign organization of DAF.

TIBBERT, August. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

TICHAUER / TISCHAUER, Hans / Juan. Agent classified B. Listed as B356. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Repatriated from Spain by air (dates from January 29 to February 25, 1946). Po. No. 0074. Interrogated between February and May 1946. In Camp 76, Asperg. British Reports. 35 years old in 1946, fatl, brown hair and dark face. RSHA official and occasionally worked for Krim Sek HAMFLER. Owner of bar La Jungla (misspelled La Gungla in some documents), Monserrat, 10, Barcelona. The bar was also owned by Hans von HASSE-HEYNE, alias HEINEMANN, an Oberleutnant in the German Secret Service who operated against Canadian airmen in France. His half brother, who was a German Jew, was partner in the firm in Dublin O' Dwyer & Tichauer. Business with Asbestofabrik, Wiesbaden. Address: Paseo de San Juan 82, Principal, Puerta 1 a , Barcelona.

TICHEYRE, Jose. From Hans SOMMER's interrogation (see SOMMER, Hans):" SOMMER received another one from Jose TICHEYRE, a Frenchman who had been an Abwehr agent in Paris and who was sent to Spain at the beginning of 1944. He worked in Spain together with LOPEZ MORENO, a member of the Spanish Intelligence Service and now of the Spanish General Staff. The last known address of TICHEYRE is 58 Ronda San Antonio, Barcelona. In the letter TICHEYRE also mentioned his intention of going to Argentina."

TICHMANN, Hans. Agent classified l-B and lll-B in OSS records. Writer. Attached to German Embassy, Madrid. Address: Breton de los Herreros 62, Madrid.

TIELING, Erich. Dr. Commander Physician. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

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TIESSLER, Paul M / Paul Ernst F.. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. Head of the Nazi party, Malaga. German consul in Almeria. Born about 1890. Still in Almeria in 1946. Address: Finca Los Morales, Crra. Granada, Malaga.

TIMM, Erich. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Berlin, 8 November, 1922.

TIMM, Otto. Hauptschriftleiter. NS Propaganda. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugoy las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

TINE, Dr. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Commercial agent of A. E.G. in Sevilla.

TISCHER, Josef. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

TITZKE, Gustav Rudolf. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. German Embassy employee. PLANKERT's office. A-522 Official List. DOB. Berlin, 23 September, 1912.

TOBEK, Louis / Luis Heinrich Bernhard. DOB. Bremen, 2 December, 1889. Arrested March 26, 1946. In No 6 CIC Neuengamme. Brought to repatriation center under police escort. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. B-436 Agents' List and III Priority List.. Agent in grup I, Economic Section of the Barcelona Intelligence Service. Worked under Friedrich RUGGEBERG. Connected with PAUL TABOSCHAT and Ludwig KOPP. Owner of the company Louis Tobek, Avenida Diagonal 356, Barcelona.

TOBOLL, Herbert. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

TOEGEL, Franz. Dr. Commander Physician. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugoy las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

TOEPFER. In Marine Perch file.

TORNIER, Kurt. Agent in Spanish Morocco and Tangier, l-Unclassified in OSS records. Born 16 October, 1899.

TRAUERNICHT, Gustav. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugoy las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Reichbank counsellor.

TRAUT LYCHTENBERG / LICHTENBERG, Walter. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Copernico 6, Barcelona. Manager of Boehringer S.A. Recommended por priority repatriation.

501

TRAUTMANN, Lt. Col. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Madrid.

TREIBER, Friedrich Karl Albert. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 17/2/1922 in Bremerhafen. Address in Germany, 1946: Fuhlsbuttelerlandstr. 25, bei WOELKE, Hamburg/Fuhlsbuttel or NY 1784 1 ist Ave, NYC.

TREMPER, Karl. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

TRETBAR, Emil Friedrich. Agent in Spanish Morocco and Tangier, ll-Unclassified in OSS records. Technical manager of Espaha.

TRETTENHANN, Anton. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

TRETTER, Hermann Rudolf. Repatriated from Spain by air (dates from January 29 to February 25, 1946). Po. No. 0073. SD Gestapo in Valencia. Connected with Police Attache LOECHNER in Valencia until 1942. Worked for the British Secret Service from August 1941 to April 1943 through Martin MENDELSSOHN in Valencia. Then he went to Barcelona where he worked for the French Deuxieme Bureau. He mantained that the following three people of Abt. II bis Madrid, were mainly responsible for hiding Germans wanted by Allied: CHAMORRO, AMABLE and LOPEZ MORENO.

From: U.S. Army. European Command. Intelligence Division, Wartime activities of the German diplomatic and military services during World War II, November 18, 1949: "Born on 23 June 1 906 in Neunkirchen. Subject was an interpreter for the Abwehr and Gestapo in Spain. The interrogation revealed that subject is an opportunist who would 'most likely work with anyone who happened to be in the drivers seat. He admitted that he was also connected with the Gestapo and Abwehr and worked with American Intelligence under a Mr. DOYLE. Subject released to Wangen, Allgau, Hochgratweg 10.

TRIER, Henry von. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Embassy employee. E-134 Official List. DOB. Buenos Aires, 4 April, 1995.

TRIERWEILER, Mathias. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

TROCKELS, Ernst August. German Government Counsellor. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugoy las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

TROMPA, Leo. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Montana S.A. Accountant. Olivos 17, Madrid, since 1940 Born Schubin, 10 Feb. 1902. Passport No. S1805 issued Sevilla 7.4.38. Member of NSDAP and DAF.

TSCHERNEY, Josef. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

502

TUCHOLKA, Franz Rupert. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 7/6/1883 in Schoeneck Westpr.

Interned in Camp 76, interrogated June 25 1946 (about KADNER and the Diaman/Kontor transaction). Cashier at the German Embassy in Madrid. Address in Germany, 1946: Sonnebergerstr. 22, Wiesbaden (US zone).

TUERO DE CASTRO / TUERO CASTRO, Jose alias MURATTI. Spanish SD and Abwehr

agent. From Wilhelm PAHL's interrogation (OMGUS, External Assets Investigation, Unit, General: Pahl, Wilhelm (Interrogation report):

-"This man was a republican Spaniard who fled from Spain to Belgium in 1937.

- He approached PAHL in May 1942 in order to carry out a Bank clearing transaction for BDDA in Spain with the help of his partner Jose SANZ who lived in Brussels.

- At that time TUERO was also working for Vapor Ltd. (agricultural machines) 48, Rue Lepold II. He complained to PAHL that he did not even earn to pay his secretary, Mile. Marcelle STROOT. He emphasized that he would carry out any duties in order to earn some money.

- TUERO mentioned that he was working for the SD since the German occupation of Belgium, forwarding information on subversive elements in Brussels.

- PAHL informed PIEPER that SUERO would make a good agent. As a result of this, PIEPER asked PAUL to take to Hamburg in order to have the latter pass a W/T course in June 1942. TUERO was to be used as a W/T operator in case of an Allied occupation.

- TUERO was to receive 6250 Belg. Francs per month which PAHL had to pay from a secret account of 10.000 B. Francs, which he received from PIEPER every month. This account was kept under PAHL's name. (...)

- TUERO received his payments under the cover name of MURATTI.

- In August 1924, TUERO and WEIN, who was a W/T operator from Hamburg, made their first experimental transmission to Hamburg from PAHL's flat at 43, Marie Joselaan, Antwerp, where they had built up their transmitter set. Although their initial transmissions were not received in Hamburg, they succeeded to contact Hamburg at the beginning of September 1942. (...)

- In May 1943, TUERO went to Spain in order to arrange for a W/T set and to recruit agents.

- As TUERO did not return from Spain after one month without giving any news, PAHL agreed to go to Spain in June 1 943 for the purpose of finding out the whereabouts of TUERO DE CASTRO and taking back any reports TUERO may have obtained from agents.

- PAHL therefore contacted TUERO's sister-in-law in Madrid who told him that TUERO was suffering from T.B (tuberculosis) and that the was hopelessly ill in a hospital at Pamplona.

- During his last conversation with TUERO, PAHL was given the information that a Spanish Republican ship was due to leave Marseille under the Nationalist flag and that it was a matter of days to prevent this. TUERO had apparently received this information from Republican circles in Spain where he posed as a Republican agent.

- PAHL paid TUERO a last sum of 2,000 Pesetas for this information. -TUERO died a fortnight later, at the beginning of July 1943."

TUME, Erhard. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records). TURBAN, Josef. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

503

UBIER alias KUBE- KUHN, Marie. Repatriated from Bilbao.

UEBE, Klaus. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1 941 ).

UHLMANN, Fritz. Hauptschriftleiter. NS Propaganda. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

UHRIG, Hermann. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Working for Nazi cabinet.

ULICH, Max. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

ULBRICHT, Ottilie. Teacher of German, Santiago de Compostela.

ULLMANN, Otto. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).SS-Br/'gader'i/Aj/'e/'m.d.U.d. Ge neral major der Polizei / Polizeiprasident. Born on 21.09.1899. SS N° 276 658. NSDAP N° 357 322 (Joined 01.11.1930). He served in SS since 01.07.1936.

01.07.1 936 SS-Hauptsturmfuhrer

30.01.1937 SS-Sturmbannfuhrer 09.1 1.1937 SS-Obersturmbannfuhrer

30.01.1939 SS-Standartenfuhrer

1 .0 1 . 1 940 SS-Standartenfuhrer der Waffen-SS

09. 1 1 . 1 941 SS-Oberfuhrer der Waffen-SS

13.05.1942 Authorized to wear the uniform and insignia of a Generalmajor der Polizei

15.05.1943 SS-Brigadefuhrer 28.10.1943 Polizeiprasident

31.12.1943 SS-Oberfuhrer d. R. der Waffen-SS

From 1941 until 1943 he was Chief of staff of the Reichsfuhrer SS HIMMLER inside Personlicher Stab RFSS. He died as a Russian POWon 1955.

504

ULLRICH, Heinrich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

ULRICH, Otto. Agent classified A. Listed as A357. DOB. Rensburg, 8 June, 1898. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Interned at Caldas de Malavella in March, 1945. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. In hospital and not interrogated. Ex-German consulate, Ceuta. German agent in Spanish Morocco and had several sub agents in Larache and Tetuan. . B-439 Agents' List. Brought to repatriation center under police escort. Owned property in Spain. Appeared in I.G.Farben's book of representative and business connections.

ULRICH, Otto August Friedrich. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. W/T technician. Consular agent in Ceuta. Born 1905 in Beirut, Syria. Living in 1946 in Algeciras.

UMLAUF Karl. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

UNBEREIH, Willi. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

UNLAND, Johannes. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Nordhorn, 18 November, 1926.

URBAN. I-M, KO Spanien, Algeciras (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain).

URBANEK / URBANECK, Johannes. Abwehr in Spain. Agent from HWK related to diamonds and jewels smuggling in Barcelona. Connected with KAISER, Lt. THEBE , WENDEL, KONNEKE, Consul RUGGEBERG and German jeweler Rudolf BAUER. From OSS records: "German, reported to have been associated with Juan TISCHAUER, Johannes KONNEKE y LENZ, Robert BOOS y BRAUN and Edgar BORRMAN BALLIN in espionage and contraband activities for the German since at least October 1944. Address in 1945 at Barcelona."

From Records of the Foreign Exchange Depository Group of the Office of the Finance Adviser, OMGUS, Central Files, documenting the period 1944-1950. Category 940.4047 Shipment No. 47 Industrial Diamonds-Item 21: "Belgian Mission

Restitution Control Branch APO 403 - Karlsruhe US Army

Karlsruhe, 16 February 1948 Memorandum

Subject: Belgian diamonds.

Antwerp and Amsterdam are both centers of the diamond trade in Europe.

Antwerp has about 1 .200 factories; while the trade was mostly in hand of Jews before

1940.

505

1 ) Immediately after the occupation of Belgium, the Commander in Chief of the Wehrmacht

appointed, as custodian and liquidator of Jewish firms: Herr FRENSEL.

His office was called in Antwerp Diamantkontrolle. Jews and non-Jewish diamand

traders were arrested and their belongings seized, by the Gestapo,

Feldkommandantur 525, Devisenschutz-kommando - (Chief Dr. MOCKEL) and

"Customs".

FRENSEL was delegated by the Diamantkontor Frankfurt, and had to transfer to that

office all seized diamonds (1940-41).

Herr FRENSEL was only dealing with cut diamonds.

Names of German involved in the looting were

Dr. AMMERMAMN - Diamantkontrolle

Dr. MOCKEL - Devisenschutzko

Dr. THOMS - Banker

Dr. HOLSTEIN- Militarbefehlshaber

Herr LEMBERG - Kriegsvoaltungsrat Feldkommandantur Antwerpen.

Nazi-German diamond dealers came to Antwerp and could "buy" the looted properties from the Diamantbureau sub-office for trade of Diamantkontrolle.

Such selected persons were: NEUMETZGER (American Zone) WILM - Hamburg (British Zone) BOZENHARD Bros. - Hamburg (British Zone) KRAMER - Frankfurt (American Zone) for Diamantkontor Frankfurt.

Herr KRAMER had to contact firms of U.S.A. for export and o Swiss, Spanish and Swedish firms (document 469 - Berlin 5.10.1940 Reichswirtschaftsminister). In 1942 - 1943 - 1944 mostly Switzerland and Spain became head agency for the export of diamonds.

Herr Ministerrat KADGIEN, actually still in Switzerland, had to provide the German Economy with foreign currency raw-material in exchange of looted diamonds. In 1943 a "four years plan" was decided and the aim was to exchange looted diamonds, shares and other values seized by Diamantkontrolle. Devisenschutzko, and bought by force (...) in neutral countries to enable Germany to buy main materials for their war- economy.

Bank Sponholz & Cie. - Berlin (Soviet Zone) was dealing with such transaction.

Herr Min.Rat KADGIEN was in Switzerland on special duty, during those years and does

not intend to return to Germany.

Rough diamonds and industrial diamonds.

The same power of attorney given to FRENSEL to deal with the liquidation of cut diamond firms was given to Joh. C. URBANECK of Frankfurt for rough and industrial diamonds. The amount taken from Belgium by German's own statement (annexed) in rough diamonds exceeds the amount of 940.000 cts or a value 1940 of $ 10.500.000 URBANECK has not been selfish and his relatives J. WILHELM URBANECK and FRANZ URBANECK of Neu-Bamberg (American Zone) could also get a part in those very interesting dealings.

506

Rough diamonds were distributed through Diamantkontor Frankfurt (KRAMER) to the Pforzheim, Idar, Hanau, diamond merchants and factories. Explanations given to Col. Smith by Pforzheim dealers, on our claims gave all the same result: "Diamonds were shipped for "export" (1944).

J.W. URBANECKj. received special congratulations for his seizure of Belgian Congo diamonds on board of Belgian ships, in 1940. This seizure amounted to 290.000 cts. Industrial diamonds were badly needed by German war-industry. An important amount was also shipped to foreign neutral countries and also to Min.Rat KADGIEN in Switzerland.

The loss borne by the Belgian Economy on this big scale looting seems to amount to more than 25 million $.

The Belgian Government hopes that the American Rest. Control Branch and O.M.G.

Property Control, might be able to help us to recover the claimed amounts and we

believe that all above named people is still in possession of looted values.

S.BUQUENNE,

Lt.Colonel

Chief of Mission."

From From OMGUS, External Assets Investigation, Unit, General: Pahl, Wilhelm

(Interrogation report):

"Brussels, Belgium, April 18, 1946.

Safehaven Report N° 97

Reference le made to Amsterdam's A-61, of March 1 1 concerning an alleged under-cover diamond polishing industry operating in Idar Oberatein, in the French occupied zone in Germany, and particularly the indication that the diamond firm of Urbanek and Company of Frankfurt might be active in that connection. Reference is also made to Antwerp's A-101 of March 15, pointing out that a German named URBANEK was during the occupation in Belgium, active as a controller for the Antwerp diamond industry for the German occupying authorities.

The Belgian Auditorat General which is in charge of collaboration investigation and trials has advised that John URBANEK, a member of the firm Urbanek and Company of Berlin,. W15 Uhlandstrasse, 52, was active in Antwerp during the occupation as a representative of the German government charged with buying rough diamonds under the Vierjahresplan. He was also active in making purchases for his own account, particularly with a Belgian collaborator, BREUGELMANS, who is presently held for trial, and other German buyers such as FRENSEL, who was the head of the diamond control in Antwerp. He was helped by one PLUNDER, who lived in Holland, and was also an agent of the Vierjahresplan, whom the an organisation has not been able to identify further.

According to the information which the Belgian authorities have been able to secure, URBANEK has built at Scheinfeld, Kreis-Sheinfeld-Baviere, a factory for the preparation of industrial diamonds. This was allegedly equipped with the latest and most modern machines, but never attained its full activity because of the rapid advances of the allied armies. About September 1945, under the personal direction of URBANEK, all of these machines were transported to Nurenberg, where with the authorization of the allied authorities, he has bean able to set up a new industry. As of November 1945, he still lived at Nurenberg and may still live there.

507

The Belgian Auditorat General desires the arrest or at least the detention of URBANEK for

questioning by that authority concerning the diamond market in Antwerp during the war. They have made requeats for such arrest or detention since February 1946 without result. They state that he is also well known at Isar-Obenstein in the French zone which is the seat of a cutting industry for diamonds and other precious stones. It is requested that URBANEK be located and held, either for transfer to the Belgian authorities for questioning, or that he be held and the Belgian authorities be allowed to enter the American zone to question him. It is suggested that the American authorities conduct a simultaneous interrogation to verify the facts set forth in reference airgrams."

From OSS WASH SPDF INT 1 Doc 4902-4925:

"Airgram from Antwerp, Belgium

Date: 15, 1946

Secretary of State

Washington

A-101, March 15, 1946

Reference is made to Consul General DOYLE's secret airgram A-61 to the Department, dated March 11, 1946, file n°. 863.4, concerning alleged undercover diamond polishing operations in Germany and more particularly to the final paragraph thereof. In this connection it is pointed out that a German named URBANEK, believed locally to be a member of Urbanek & Co, Frankfurt, was for years during the occupation of Belgium active as "controller" for the Antwerp diamond industry. As such he is at least wanted for questioning by Belgian authorities. URBANEK is known to have had several Belgian collaborator associates who are still at large and reported active in the Antwerp Black Market diamond operations.

In as much as Antwerp is referred to as a possible source of supply the above information is forwarded to the Department. (Signed) PRESTON

URBAN HOP / URBAN KURT-HOP, Hans, alias MURCIO. Agent classified A. Listed as A358. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Repatriated from Spain by air (dates from January 29 to February 25, 1946). Po. No. 0766. Attached to German consulate, Barcelona.. From OSS records: "German. Born 31 January, 1902: reported to have been employed for many years as a propagandist for German tourist agency, probably as cover por espionage activities; was living in Spain prior to the outbreak of the war in 1939, when he was recalled to Germany, but subsequently returned to Spain and set up an extensive espionage organization in Figueras; sent to Perpignan as an official of the German customs service after the occupation of Southern France; re-entered Spain when Southern France was liberated and since at least November 1944 has been active agent of Gruppe III Stelle Barcelona KdM Spain, recruiting and running numerous sub- agents, many of whom he sent to France to obtain political and economic intelligence and to penetrate leftwing groups; used the cover name MURCIO when dealing with these sub- agents; in close contact with Hermann HAMFLER, Hermann GOERITZ, Dr. Hans Albrecht CARGANICO (alias Heinz STEINBRUCH), Herbert VOGLER, Hans MARTIN, Margarita Marion WEISS and many others officers and Agent of the German I.S. in Cataluna; his wife, named Edith, was reported in May 1945 to have applied for a visa to enter Spain from Germany; stout build, blue eyes, pimply complexion; wears spectacles. Address: Travesera de Gracia 40, 5°, Apt. 2, Barcelona; (Aug. 1945, private), Calle Herzegovina 41, principal, Apt. 2, Barcelona. "

508

URENA, Francisco. Spanish, born circa 1925; reported in 1945 to be an agent of the German I.S., working in association with his father, Federico URENA ROMERO. Address: (1945) Calle Simon 14, ground floor, Ceuta.

URENA ROMERO, Federico. Spanish. Born Galicia about 1890. Retired naval officer. Agent of the German I.S. and I.S. in the Campo de Gibraltar area, working in 1943-1944 for Antonio REQUE GALINDO. Previously worked for German I.S in Algeciras and Ceuta. Connected with Lorenzo MILLO, Serafin GONZALEZ VARELA and Emilio GALAN BOHIGAS. Address:Calle Obispo 43, Campamento, Ceuta.

URMANN, Walter Helmut. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 17/7/1918 in Buer Wesfalen. Address in Germany, 1946: Im Spinnstuhl 4a, Bauer, Westf. (British zone).

USLAR, Hans von. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo ylasFlechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

VAILLANT, Karl. Lt. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Formerly in Paris. Address: Carbonero y Sol, Madrid.

VARGAS MACHUCA, Antonio. Spanish diplomat. Secretary and Counsellor in Spanish Embassy in Berlin (1936-1942). In Spanish Embassy in Lisbon. Address: Fortuny 5, Madrid. Partner and accomplice with DELFANNE, Hermann BLANDEL, POESCHEL and Organization Otto in smuggling and trade of looted assets (see their card files in this tex) and General Records Pertaining to External Assets Investigations, compiled 1948 - 1950. Repatriates:Spain-Julius Schwenzer:

-List any other German external assets of which you have knowledge -f.i. bank accounts of German firms or individual abroad, etc-.(...)

- Meiness Wissens besitz Antonio VARGAS MACHUCA, spanischer Konsul, lebt jetzt in Portugal in einem Ort SERPA, den Betrag von ungefaehr 1 Milliarde 500 000 000 in Wertpapieren englischen Pfunden un Dollar. Diesen Geld gehorte der Organisation Otto (Viehrjahresplan)."

Denounced as having bought objects looted to MEYER-FOULD family: "The Spanish Embassy, through Embassy Counsellor VARGAS, bought -through Mr. Wilhelm BERGER, 174/176 Hohenzollerndamm, Berlin, silver flatware, auction list No 135. BERGER confided to me that they were paid and carried away by the Embassy Counsellor." Ardellia Hall Collection-Wiesbaden administrative records-Restitution claim records-Claim US Internal restitution (cases 1-50)

VASSEL, Heiko. Unteroffizier. German. DOB May 1 1, 1916. W/T controller KO Spain since 1942, when he was seconded from Nachrichtenlehrregiment 506 and posted to Madrid, where he worked under German Embassy cover until at least December 1944. Served as W/T Truppfurer in the Russian campaign. Awarded the Iron Cross (class II) in June 1940.

Brother of Sonderfuehrer VASSEL.

Passport N° 11/1023/22, issued Berlin January 5 1942

509

Included on Abwehr II from Berlin September 26 1946. Wife: Carmen HERBERG de VASSEL.

VASSMER, Alfons. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 25/2/1914 in Wiedenbruck/ Westfalen. Address in Germany, 1946: Sudstr. 141, Wiedenbruck/ Westfalen (British zone).

VEERSEN / VERSON, Friedrich August Kurt van,. Agent classified A. Listed as A359. DOB. Hamburg 13 April, 1909. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. C-3 report described subject as a fanatical Nazi, member of the SS and SD, responsible for the liquidation of many anti- nazi Germans in Spain during the war. In charge of a radio monitoring service of the Luftwaffe in Spain during the war. Believed to have been employed in a "special department" of German Embassy. A-528 Official List, II Priority List. Address: Av. General Mola 9, 1st floor, Madrid.

VEESER, Hans. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Worblingen, 19 October, 1922.

VELA. Radio operator. I-M, KO Spanien, Baleares (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain).

VERMEHREN, Werner. Kapitan zur See. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

VERVUERT, Carl Friedr. / Ferd. Gottfried. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 29/4/1918 in Breslau. Address in Germany, 1946: Stuttgart.

VESPER, Will. Agent classified lll-A in OSS records. Poet. Member of German Academy, Madrid. Arrived in Spain in February, 1942.

VETTER, Wilhelm. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Consular secretary.

VEY BAER, Major Georg Ernest. Police O/lnsp. Agent classified A. Listed as A360. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Repatriated from Spain by air (dates from January 29 to February 25, 1946). Po. No. 0790. Mentioned as interned in Camp 76, Asperg on March 27, 1946 Subject was transferred to Camp 74 on 7 November 1946. SD and Gestapo man in Spain. Repatriated. Assets in Madrid with his wife. Married. Five children. Address: Tambre 3, Madrid.

Born on 26 December 1912 in Guben. Subject held various positions with the police as follows:

510

1933 Police assistant with Amt4.

1935-1938 Police Secretary with Amt 4, Berlin.

1940-1943 Assistant of the Police Attache, German Embassy, Madrid.

1943- 1944 Interpreter with the Blue Division in Russia.

1944- 1945 Bureau of the Police Attache, Madrid. Subjects political history was extensive as follows:

1931- 1945 Member of the NSDAP, no rank. 1930-1932 H.J., Scharfuehrer 1937-1945 SD, Obersturmfuehrer der SS

1932- 1937 Allgemeine SS, Unterscharfuehrer

1933- 1945 Gestapo

VEY, Hans. Interrogated between February and May 1946. British Reports.

VIDAL Y SAURA, Gines. Spanish ambassador in Berlin involved in transferring looted art from Germany to Spain under diplomatic cover.

See: Roberts Commission, Subject File, Spain:

"Barcelona Shipment {handwritten annotation)

M.O {handwritten annotation)

1 6-28 Feb. {handwritten annotation)

2

18.3.45.

With reference to the 865 kilos of objects d'art and pictures which have recently arrived in Barcelona on the Lufthansa airline in two consignments, apart from several articles of bagage belonging to the Spanish Ambassador in Berlin were 7 crates of pictures and 9 sealed trunks consigned to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Madrid by the Spanish Embassy in Berlin.

16 cases and 5 crates of religious objects d'art have arrived on other aircraft consigned by the Government of the Reich to the German Embassy in Madrid. It appears that these last items consist of tapestries, religious treasures and jewels sent to Spain allegedly for repair.

19/111. Story being checked. M.O {handwritten annotation)

Sp. Amb. Berlin : Gines Vidal y Saura. {handwritten annotation)"

VIELUF, Arthur. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

511

VIERTEL, Friedrich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

VILLAIN, Heinz. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Attached to German Embassy, Madrid.

VINKOWSKI, Emilio. German formerly employed as radio technician by the Spanish Government.Listed for departure on SS Marine Marlin, scheduled to leave the Port of Bilbao about Agust 31, 1946. Entered Spain November 20, 1942.

VISSE, Max. German formerly employed as technician by the Spanish Government.Listed for departure on SS Marine Marlin, scheduled to leave the Port of Bilbao about Agust 31 , 1946.

VIOSEK, (fnu), Pol Sek. German. 32 years old in 1946, 1.80 meters tall, slender, fair complected, with blond hair and brown eyes. He handled administrative matters in the Office of Police Attache in Madrid from 1943 to 1945. He was a former bank clerk and in the NSDAP and SS.

VITTE, Arthur. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Gruppenfuhrer SS.

VOESE / VOSE, Walter A. F. Interrogated June, 28, 1946. Legion Condor in Spain during Spanish Civil War (Burgos, Zaragoza and Alcazar). He joined Reichbahn in Berlin/Falkensee. Asslant to Oberleutnant PLANKERT (Abwehr Radio supervisor) in Spain 1939 until 1945. Address in Madrid 6, Hermosilla 1, Buena Vita {sic). Connected with Gertrud NIVRZELLR and Frau KIRCHER. Address in Germany, 1946: Schmidtstr. 14, Weinheim, Oberbayern (US zone).

VOGEL, Eberhard. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Berlin, 19 October, 1922.

VOGEL, Paul Erich. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Kother, 1912.

VOGEL, Walter. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Stellingen 2 July, 1881. Marine Marlin deportees categories A, B September 1946. B- 444 and IV Priority List. . First priority to be interrogated. Representative of Woermann Linie.

Address: Ciudad Jardin, Las Palmas.

VOGHT, Gerard. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Engineer. Madrid.

512

VOGLER. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Officer. Formerly in France. German consulate, Barcelona.

VOGT, Alfred. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 16.4.1909 in Kehl a. Rhein. Address in Germany, 1946: Karleruberstr. 7, Kaehl, Rhein (French zone).

VOINEAU, Robert. From Hans SOMMER's CI interrogation: Journalist and Agent of Spanish IS

Present Address: Unknown. Born: 1911. 1.80m oval face black hair

Career: Fought with the French Army es a Lt in 1939-1940. In 1943, he received an

important post from DARNAND in the Ministry of the Interior

In 1944, escaped to Germany end later was in Spain, employed by VICENTE.-

VOLGER, Margarete. Repatriated from Bilbao.

VOLKER, Albert. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

VOLKMANN, Georg. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

VOLLKMANN, Kuno. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

VOLLBRECHT, Otto Karl Pablo. Agent classified B. Listed as B363. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Business man. Address: Vico 6 (torre), Barcelona.

VOLLHARDT / VOLLHART, Major Dr. Herbert. Lt. Col. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified l-B and ll-B in OSS records. Born November 8, 1906, Charlottenburg. Address: Ponzano 75, Madrid. KRAMER'S assistant in Madrid. Close friend of MIEDL. Still in Spain in September 1946. Oberstabsingenieur with the Aviation Attache. Involved in cloaking operations. According to LINDENBERG ALBRECHT was believed to have had Pesetas 20.000.000 on hand which were intended for German schools. The ownership of these Pesetas had probably been cloaked. Interrogated by Allied Control Commision about German armaments trade with Spain during war. Address: Ponzano 75, Madrid.

VOLLMER, Dieter. "Nacio el 11 de noviembre de 1913 en Hamburgo, Alemania y llego a la Argentina el 22 de diciembre de 1949, en el vapor "Cordoba", procedente de Bilbao. Presento en la oportunidad pasaporte N° 175 expedido porel Gobierno de Espana y visado por el Consul de la Republica Argentina en San Sebastian el 06 de octubre de 1949." (Informe Final CEANA, Comision para el Esclarecimiento de las Actividades del Nazismo en la Republica Argentina)

513

VOLLMER, Hildegard. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Daughter Heide Ingrid. E-97 Official List. DOB. Bonn, 24 January 1916.

VOLLNER / VOLLNER. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Cadiz. Agent working l-M, KO Spanien, Cadiz. (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain).

VONDERSCHNIDT, Philipp. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801- 2850: Representative. Born at Munchen on 10 January 1904. Address: Colon de Larreategui, 36, 4 izq. Passport No. 10/41 issued at Bilbao on 13.1.41. Member of TN (1922-1926).

VORBERG, Herbert. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Representative. Born at Hanau on 31 August 1905. Villa Angueru-enea, Fuenterrabia. Passport information not known. Member of DDAC.

VORKAUF, Carl A. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. Ortsobann of DAF, Vigo. Born about 1901. Came to Spain in 1924. Businessman. Address: Jose Antonio 56, Vigo.

VORWALD, Wolfgang. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

VORWERK, Herbert. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Floha, 11 November, 1919

VOSE, Walter Alfred Fritz. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 19/7/1914 in Seegefeld b. Berlin.

VOSS, Erich Otto. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 29/9/1912 in Ickern b. Dortmund. Address in Germany, 1946: Lockstedterlager, Hoist.

VRANY, Josef. Engineer, Madrid.

WABER, Joseph. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Madrid. Born in 1909.

WABERT. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Madrid.

WACHER PFENNIG. Interrogated 5 July 1946. Not in London List. Chancellor of Hague Embassy until 1940, when he went to Berlin in Foreign Affairs. Besorger in Madrid Embassy. He name and gave information about POCHHAMMER and the Landesgruppenleiter in Rotterdam, BUTTING. In camp 76 since c. March or June 1945.

514

WACHTER, Leo. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

WACHTER, Siegfried. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Of, 27 October, 1925.

WACK, Erich. Agent classified l-B and IV-B in OSS records. German consular secretary, Sevilla. Managed the Arbeitsfront. Born January 29, 1911, Freiburg.

WAGENER, Heinz Wilhelm. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. German Embassy employee, PLANKERT's office. A-900 Official List. DOB. 23 June, 1919.

WAGENER, Walter. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Representative. C. Novia de Salcedo 9, Las Arenas (Bilbao). Born at Barmen, Wuppertal, on 25 October 1895. Passport No. 70/39 issued at Bilbao on 4.5.39. Member of NSDAP.

WAGENKNECHT, Johannes. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

WAGNER, Captain. . Intelligence agent in Spanish Morocco & Melilla. Classified I l-B in OSS records. Radio operator.

WAGNER, Alfons. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

WAGNER, Carlos. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German (?)/ Stateless. DOB. 5/10/1926 in Madrid. Address in Germany, 1946: Wagnerstr. 117, Ulm/Donau (US zone).

WAGNER, Friedrich. Agent classified I l-B in OSS records. Engineer. Manager of A.E.G in Turkey. Born 1904, Ulm, Germany. Living in Madrid.

WAGNER, Richard. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

WAGNER, Wilhelm Friedrich. Hauptschriftleiter. NS Propaganda. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugoy las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

WAGNER, Rudolph Major. Agent classified B. Listed as B364. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Formerly in Melilla. Expelled to Spain, January 1945.

WAHL, August. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

515

WAHLE / WAHL, Anton / Antonio / Antonis. In Marine Perch file. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1 941 ). From Washington Office, Special Funds Division Finance, Intelligence: Documents 3401- 3450: Calle Castellana 2, Madrid

German engineer, President of the Consejo de Administracion of the Cia. General Importadora de Lanas, Ayala 10, Madrid. Given on Board of directors of Sofindus and H. Gaertner, S.A. A report dated June 1944 reveals that correspondence from German agents in South America is sent via Spanish seamen addressed to subject to Carlos ARNOLD, who uses Lanas as a cover for intelligence activities. According to SCHNEEMANN and many others, still in Spain in Autumn 1946.

WAIS, Fridolin. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Munchen, 15 February, 1924.

WAIS, Paul. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

WALDE, Hermann. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Engineer. San Sebastian. Born about 1900.

WALDECK, Paul Friedrich August. Repatriated from Spain in September 10 1946.

WALDECK, Peter Paul Hugo. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 7/1/1919 in Brandenburg. Address in Germany, 1946: Postdamerstr. 29, Brandenburg (Soviet zone).

WALDHEIM von, viceconsul de Alemania en Barcelona 1940.

WALDHEIM, Gottfried. In List of Obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain.

WALDMANN, Albert. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

WALETZKO, Herbert August O. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 16/10/1900 in Schweidnitz. Address in Germany, 1946: Breslauerstr. 25, Schwidnitz (Soviet zone).

WALLER, Hugo. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Technician at San Pablo airfield, Savilla. Born October, 1912.

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WALLICZEK, Ludwig. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Montana S.A. Office worker. Alam. Greg, de la Revilla 14, Bilbao. Born Kattowitz, 25 Aug. 1900. Passport No. W 65 issued Beuthen O.S. 22.7.35. Member of NSDAP, DAF, NSV and Reichsluftschutz (antiaircraft).

WALTER, Dr. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. German naval attache. Madrid.

WALTER, Leonore / Leonor. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Madrid, 1 July, 1922.

WALTERS. Frl. I-M, KO Spanien (named in STUBBS and BUGGEs report on l-M Spain)

WALTERS, Kurt Heinrich. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 16/12/1912 or 1911 in some documents, in Mexico city. Address in Germany, 1946: Mittelweg 48, Hamburg (British zone).

WALTERSPIEL, Josef. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Nunez de Arce 11, Madrid. Radio technician with Telefunken.

WALTHER, Werner. Madrid, Zurbano 31. Reported to have bought art works in Spain, possibly for the account of the GIS. . In ALIU List Of Red Flag Names

WALTHER, Paul. Counsellor. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1 941 ).

WANDELT. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Chemist at Casa Alfa. Barcelona.

WANDER, Karl. SS-Standartenfuhrer. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Wander, Carl Born: 01.11.1901 in Bad-Lauterberg / Harz

NSDAP Nr.: 104 175

SS Nr.: 2 637

SS-Stuf.: 20.04.1934; SS-Ostuf.: 20.04.1935; SS-Hstuf.: 09.11.1935; SS-Stubaf.: 09.11.1936; SS-Ostubaf.: 30.01.1938; SS-Staf.: 30.01.1939; SS-Ostubaf.(WSS): 09.11.1940

Stab RFSS: [01.10.1934]

SS-Personalhauptamt, kdrt.Stabshauptamt R.f.d.F.d.V.: [30.01.1942] b.Chef Fernmeldewesen: 08.1944

517

WANDSCHNEIDER, Hans Josef / Juan Jose. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Civil engineer. Been in Spain since 1941. Member of Association of German Engineers and school of civil engineers of Paris. Address: Pasaje Alhambra 1, Madrid.

WAPPENHANS, Bruno. Kptn. Head of Censure section. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

WARMUTH / WARMUT, Hans. Counsellor. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

WARNICK, Max. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Counsellor.

WEBER, Friedrich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

WEBER, Georg. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

WEBER, Gottfried. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Engineer and mining expert. Was in South America. San Sebastian.

WEBER, Heinz. Agent classified D. Listed as D365. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Ex-Portugal. Arrived Madrid, January 1945.

WEBER, Josef. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

WEBER, Otto Fritz. Electrician at Hytasa, S.A., Andalucia

WEBER, Oskar. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Olt-Roehrsdorf, 31 May, 1916. A-1035.

WEBER, born Austrian and naturalized Spanish. Connected with Erich MEYER in money laundering.

WECKENRODT (probably misspelled), Lt. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Married to a Spanish woman. Madrid.

WECKERT, Friedrich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

518

WEDEKIND Still in Spain in September 1946.

WEGEHENKEL, Lidia Door. Agent classified lll-B and IV-B in OSS records. Language teacher. Secretary of the Hitlerjunge, Barcelona

WEGENER, Willi. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). German consulate in Tirana.

WEGNER, Helmuth. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ).

WEGNER, W. H. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Born about 1900. Address: Modesto Lafuente 21, Madrid.

WEHRLICH / WERLICH, Henry Otto. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Released by error before interrogations were started in May. Address in Germany: Schellingstr 70, Hamburg 23. Employed in Press Section of German Embassy, Madrid. Prior to the closing of the German Embassy WEHRLICH had Ptas. 820.000. Of this he paid 770.000 in various amounts to persons he declined to name, but stated that they were official contacts of the Press Section (LAZAR). WEHRLICH stated that he has burnt his cash books.

Dr. Fernando PAZ ESPESO (misspelled ESPEZO) was believed to cloak WEHRLICH's assets. "Official status was that of consular secretary. According to a reliable he is said to be an SS officer assigned to a special mission in Spain. On 1 Novemver, 1944 this individual attempted to photograph an Embassy employee. It is believed that WEHRLICH's assignment in Spain was to photograph and identify possible Allied agents for future reference. It is recommended that he be carefully interrogated as the disposition of any photographs and information obtained by him in Spain." A-599 on Official List and III Priority List. Wife: Use; Son: Hans Peter, aged 15. DOB. Hamburg, 27 Octobrer, 1901.

WEIDNER, Walter. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Representative. Hotel Excelsior, Bilbao. Born at Mainz on 20 April 1904. Passport No. 9/38 issued at Burgos on 51.8.31.

WEIDT, General. German agent classified l-A in OSS records. Commander of Condor Legion, Spain.

WEILAND-SCHNEIDER, Johann. Repatriated from Bilbao.

WEINREICH, Albert. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Teigerisch, 1 November, 1914.

WEISE, Karl. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

519

WEISENBORN, Fritz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

WEISE, Suzanne. Agent classified B. Listed as B367. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Secretary to Dr. Joseph Hans LAZAR (German Press Attache). Interned at Caldas de Malavella in December 1944. Later released to enable her to leave Spain, but departure not confirmed.

WEISS, Franz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

WEISS, Friedrich Dr. Stabs. Ing. Referat I, I Tlw, KO Spanien as of February 1945. Agent classified l-B and ll-B in OSS records. W/T. Attached to German Embassy, Madrid. Born about 1900. Agent classified A. Listed as A366. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Address: Modesto Lafuente 21, Madrid.

WEISS, Major. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Madrid.

WEISS, Georg. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records). Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Tilsit, 27 October, 1908.

WEISS, Hans Walter Otto. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 2/2/1894 in Breslau. German arms merchant. Address in Germany, 1946: Lubeck (British zone). He certified and undersigned under oath, before US authorities, that he never was connected or had had any connections with I.G. Farben, Sofindus or Flick

WEISS, Hans. Repatriated from Spain by air (dates from January 29 to February 25, 1946).

WEISSER, Max. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Chemnitz, 18 June, 1915.

WENIGER, Max. SS-Rottenfuhrer. No SS 101 112. Secretary of Camara de Comercio Alemana.

WELSCH, Heinz. Member NSDAP working for Banco Aleman Trasatlantico.

WELZ, Artur. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

WELZ, Robert du. SS-Hauptsturmfuhrer adjutant to LEGRELLE. From Helmut R. MICHEL'S Affidavit, December 18, 1946: Robert du WELZ lived up to the middle of November 1946 in Zurbano 43.

520

WELZACKER, G. E. von. Agent classified ll-B and lll-B in OSS records. Scientist. Came to Madrid under the cultural program of Hispano-German Institute.

WELZEL, Paul. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

WENCKSTERN / WENKSTERN, Hermann / German von. Obst. KO Spanien directly under Chief KO Spanien in February 1945. In Barcelona. Originally Chief of Referat IL. In charge of Special Project. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Repatriated from Spain by air (dates from January 29 to February 25, 1946). Po. No. 0763. Address: Av. Rep. Argentina, Madrid and Menendez Pelayo 49, Madrid.

WENDEL. Abwehr in Spain. Agent from HWK related to diamonds and jewels smuggling in Barcelona. Connected with KAISER, Lt.„ URBANECK, THEBE, KONNEKE, Consul RUGGEBERG and German jeweler Rudolf BAUER.

WENDEL, Hugo. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Engineer. Barcelona. Born about 1900.

WENDEL, Lt. Agent classified l-B, ll-A and ll-B in OSS records. Physician. Madrid.

WENDEMUTH, Arthur Max. Repatriated from Spain by air (dates from January 29 to February 25, 1946). Po. No. 0791 .Mentioned as interned in Camp 76, Asperg on March 27, 1946. Business man, owner of paper and leather goods firm in Valencia.

WENDEROTH, Friedrich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

WENGER, (fnu). From Nuernberg Interrogation Records > ... OCCPAC Interrogation Transcripts And Related Records > Koelle, Fritz Peter. "SS O/Stubal. SD man at German Embassy, Paris. Chief of Visa section to Spain and Switzerland 1941-1944. Born 1900, 1.80m, slender, oval face, fair hair, civilian clothes. Lived in Hotel d'Orsay, Paris, 1941-1944." Connections with Spanish Police.

WENNSTEIN, Col. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Madrid. Born about 1885.

WENTE, Herbert A. H. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 3/2/1922 in Einbeckhausen Hannover. Address in Germany, 1946: Eimbeckhausen bei Hannover (British zone).

WENZLAWIAK, Georg. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

521

WERNER, August. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

WERNER, Joseph. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Reichbank counsellor.

WERNER, Paul August. Intelligence agent in Spanish Morocco & Tetuan. Classified ll-B in OSS records. Analytical chemist.

WERNER, Walter. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

WERNER, Wilhelm. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

WERTHMANN, Johann. Dr. Commander Physician. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941 ). Hospital Lindenburg.

WERY, Octave. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Technician. Alava..

WESSEL Wilhelm Friedrich Karl. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 9/1/1900 in Holzhausen Kr. Miinden. Address in Germany, 1946: Holzhausen I, Kr. Minden, Westfalen (British zone).

WESTENBERGER, Wilhelm. DOB. Mannheim, 2 November, 1919. E-135 Official List. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Wife: Marcelina; daughter: Elisabet.

WESTRICH, Eligius.From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Montana S.A. Employee. Calle de Casado del Alisal 4 - pral. dcha., Madrid, since 1940. Born Spesbach, 7 June 1909. Passport No. 6/38 issued Bilbao 22.1.38.

WESWLAK, Josef. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

WETZEL, Josef. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

WEYLAND, Johannes. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Hisma Ltda. Employee. Left Bilbao for Madrid. Born Berlin, 1890. Passport No 423 issued Buenos Aires 23. 3. 1938. Member of NSDAP and DAF.

522

WICHER, Max. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. . German. DOB. 5/5/1925 in Bochum. Address in Germany, 1946: Auf der Bochumer Landwehr 26, Bochum (British zone).

WICKE, Albert. Imprenta Industrial. Al. de Recalde 7, 1° izq., Bilbao. Born Koln-Muhlheim, 29 Nov. 1905. Passport No. 168/39 issued Bilbao 29.8.39. Member of DAF and NSV.

WIECZORA SD/ Gestapo still in Spain in September 1946.

WIEDEMANN, Dr. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Technician, I.G. Farben, Bilbao.

WIEDEMANN, Otto alias SCHULTZER. I-M, KO Spanien, Spanish Morocco, Tangier (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on l-M Spain). Agent classified A. Listed as A369. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Attached to German consulate in Tangier. Born in Tangier 1894 or 1898. Expelled to Spain in March 1944. In 1945 posed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records). Believed to be living under an assumed name in Madrid.

WIEDEMANN, Otto. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Electro Quimica de Flix since Dec. 44. Born Bischoffingen Krs. Freiburg. 22.5.10. Passport No. 53/43 issued Merseburg 13.11.43.

WIEDEMANN, Otto Albert. Member of Amt VI. Oriental specialist and Abwehr agent, assistant in Abwehr II in Tangier from 1940-1944. From CI Final Interrogation Report (FIR) No 114, dated 15 May, 1946: Born 17 December 1908 (in other documents 1910) , Strasskirchen, son of Albert WIEDEMANN and Theresa. Wife Rosalese WIEDEMANN nee

MAWICK living in Barcelona, calle Valvedreras 8. German. Occupation: interpreter. Religion:

Protestant. Description: 1.70m, 62 Kg, medium build, narrow face, gray hair (blond hair in

other documents), green eyes. Las address: Miesbach, Fried hofstrasse. Languages:

German, English, Arabic, French, Spanish. Identity documents: Kennkarte.

Arrested at Miesbach 5 October, 1945 by 970/93 CIC Det. Accepted on recommendation or

request of G-2 (CIB), USFET. Date of arrival 8 March, 1946.

CPI Pink Card No 5627.

GIS Career

1933 Fled Nazi regime to Paris because of his socialist affiliations.

1934 Went to Algeria with Prof AUGIERAS, an orientalist. 1936 Various caravan trips through the Sahara Desert.

1938 Received amnesty and returned to Germany; took four months' training in the Luftwaffe, then returned to Algeria.

1939 Escaped French internment by fleeing to Spain and became Arabic interpreter for German Consulate in Morocco.

523

1940 Returned to Berlin. Recruited by the Abwehr, and sent to West Morocco. October 1944 Expelled from Morocco to Spain and-undertook various trips to Berlin regarding separate peace negotiations.

Nest Morocco 1940-1944

Although Obst/Lt (later Obst) RUDOLPH (alias RECKE), the head of Nest Morocco was already in Tetuan in January 1940, the time of WIEDEMANN'S arrival, actual operations of the Nest did not begin until considerably later. RUDOLPH, who represented Abwehr I, was joined by Sdf Hans KRUEGER, German vice-consul at Tetuan, in the summer of 1940. KRUEGER was the representative of Abwehr II. WIEDEMANN, because of his proficiency in Arabic, became KRUEGER's assistant. In the spring of 1941 the office of Abwehr II moved to Tangier. Late in this year (1941) Hptm GOERING (alias GOERITZ) arrived in Tangier as an Abwehr representative. In early 1942, KaptZ See KELLER established Abwehr l-M, a naval observation station at Tangier. RUDOLPH was in charge of the supervision of the Nest, but KRUEGER, GOERING, and KELLER were not subordinate to him, and received their orders from superiors in Berlin.

Thus, in 1942, the organisation of Nest Morocco was as follows:

Abwehr I (Tetuan):

- Chief: RUDOLPH. -Assistant: Uffz BOETGER -Typist: Frl SCHUETZ

- W/T operator: Oswald LANGENHEIM

- Purser: Name unknown to WIEDEMANN

Mission: To obtain information on strength, intentions, and movements of French (later American) forces in Morocco.

Abwehr l-M (Tangier) :

- Chief: KELLER

- Two or three Navy men served as his assistants, but WIEDEMANN does not know their names.

- Mission; To obtain information concerning allied naval movements in the Straits of Gibraltar. Abwehr II: (Tangier):

- Chief; KRUEGER, Hans

- Assistant: WIEDEMANN, Otto

- W/T Operator: WIEDEMANN does not recall the name, since various people worked in this position.

- Typist: Frl HEFTER

- Purser: KERN

Mission: To influence tne natives for possible resist anee against allied policies.

Abwehr III (Tangier) :

- Chief: GOERING

- Assistant: There were two or three assistants, but WIEDEMANN does not know their names. W/T operator: Abwehr III used the W/T operator of Abwehr II.

Mission: To obtain information concerning Allied inr telligence services and operations in Morocco.

524

The missions of Nest Morocco were not realized with any degree of success. Perhaps the greatest measure of success was achieved by Abwehr I, which accumulated considerable information about the forthcoming Allied invasion of North Africa, This information- WIEDEMANN does not know what methods were used to acquire this intelligence - was transmitted to Berlin, but apparently it was ignored, since the actual landings came as a surprise. It is possible that l-M was an asset to the Seekriegsfuehrung, but WIEDEMANN knows of no sinkings of allied ships which might be attributed to activity of this organisation. Abwehr II made but little progress, as the Arabs would not forgive tne Germans for their failure to improve the status of Morocco while France was occupied. Finally, as far as WIEDEMANN knows, the activities of Abwehr III were completely insignificant.

By the autumn of 1944, it had become pellucid both to RUDOLPH and KRUEGER that Germany would lose the war. However, WIEDEMANN believes that there were no plans to continue the Nest after the end of the war. In October 1944, when WIEDEMANN left Morocco, the Nest had dwindled to a small unit led by Uffz BOETGER and later he received reports that this remnant had been dissolved towards the end of the year. WIEDEMANN has no information concerning present whereabouts of the personnel of Nest Morocco, with the exception of Oswald LANGENHEIM (w/t operator for Abwehr I), who is in American captivity.

The following German W/T stations in Morocco were known to WIEDEMANN:

Name Location Organization Operator

Thea Tetuan Abwehr Oswald LANGENHEIM

Pantheria Tangier Abwehr Heinz KROLL

? Tangier SD O/Schrf LECHNER (fnu)

? Tangier Auswaertige Amt ? .

? Melilla Abwehr ?

? Casablanca Abwehr Kapt UNDERBERG (fnu)

The above-named W/T stations had fixed operating schedules. No contacts were made with submarines. They sent lists of shipping to Madrid and Berlin daily, but they never contacted ships at sea. It is possible, of course., that there were other stations used for this purpose., but their existence is not known to WIEDEMANN. WIEDEMANN has no knowledge of ship sinkings resulting from W/T activity.

2. The following agents are known to WIEDEMANN:

- HAIK, Abakum: Chief agent for the Abwehr in Tangier. He had several agents, called Mohammed, Abdul, and other common Arab names, who were generally used to bring the "mail" from Casablanca. HAIK was a Russian emigrant of Jewish origin.

- ABD EL AZIZ. Chief agent for the SD. He was married to a German and lived in Tangier, but WIEDEMANN has no further details concerning him.

- HAGGEMACHER, Paul. Agent for Abwehr I. He was a Swiss watch dealer living in Tangier. Served as a message center for agents' letters, reports, and financial transaction. Was on good terms with the British and later went to Gibraltar,

- QADUR ABD ALLAH. He contacted the natives in French Morocco.

- Sdf Hans KRUEGER of Abwehr 1 1 was in charge of the work with the natives, and especially with Arab nationalist groups. Since he could not speak Arabic, KRUEGER used WIEDEMANN as his interpreter and Arabic specialist. KRUEGER was not subordinate to

525

RECKE, but the latter was entitled to receive a copy of all letters, telegrams, and reports which KRUEGER sent to Berlin to Hptm NEIZERT in the OKWAbwehr Abt II.

KRUEGER exploited the Arabs in several ways. At the beginning of the war efforts were made to lower the morale of Moroccan soldiers who were to appear on European fronts. After the fall of France, the Abwehr attempted to maintain order in Morocco by dint of its influence on the nationalist parties. After the American occupation of North Africa,

KRUEGER attempted to use the nationalists as agents to incite riots. This met with very little success, since the Arabs had come to realize that Germany had no intention of granting Moroccan independence in the event of victory.

The Germans employed three principal nationalist leaders:

- Abd el Khalaq TORRES, alias STIER, leader of tne Nationalist Reform Party. TORRES

had influence mainly in tne Spanish zone, but also had some supporters in French Morocco. At the beginning of the war he worked for the SD., but in 1940 he suggested to KRUEGER and WIEDEMANN that, a network of agents might be established in French Morocco. He received 20,000 Pesetas for this undertaking but actually the network was a complete failure. TORRES also disseminated anti-French propaganda by means of pamphlets and newspaper articles. He owned the most important newspaper in the Spanish zone, El Hurriyah. He gave information to the Germans, but this was always worthless. He would, for example give the "location" of an allied airfield with "thousands of five-engined and eleven-engined planes". Toward the end, TORRES turned more to Spain and away from German activities. He used the code name STIER.

- Brahim WASANI, alias NIVEA, leader of .he Nationalist Party, WASANI was introduced to KRUEGER by BEIGBEDER, who was at that time the Spanish High Commissioner. WASANI, whose code name was "NIVEA", had considerable influence in Spanish Morocco. His supporters did the work of agents and disseminated propaganda. At first he was considered important, partly because he had been introduced by BEIGBEDER, and in 1939 WASANI was invited to Berlin. Actually, however, he did nothing of importance for the Germans or at least for the Abwehr. It is possible tnat he was working for the German SD at the same time.

- Ahmed BELAFREJ was an Arab nationalist in French Morocco. He was very cautious and never accepted money from the Germans or Spaniards. He was estimated by the GIS to be a well-informed reliable man but extremely timid and incapable of action. This, however, was an error. He was the only Arab leader to personally start a revolt. In the spring of 1943, he told WIEDEMANN he would no longer work for the Germans. Later., he was exiled by the French to Corsica.

The only Spanish official contacted by WIEDEMANN was one Lt. NAVAS, the assistant Officer of Civilian Control in Tangier. NAVAS signed passes, released agents, and gave occasional bits of information which were rarely of interest. He occasionally received gifts of money from the Germans.. RECKE usually contacted the other Spanish officials himself. WIEDEMANN also met a number of other Spanish officers at parties and dinners, but never intimately. He remembers Col. de MIGUEL, Col. SEA, Maj. AMADO, and Maj. FONTANA. The German consular staff was financed by "Free Reichsmark Checks" which were cashed at the French bank in Tangier.

The Abwehr funds were received through the courier mail in bundles of 1000-French franc notes. These were exchanged for Moroccan francs at a general loss of 20-50%.

526

WIEDEMANN knows nothing of the disposition of these funds, nor of the financial arrangements of the SD.

In a general sense all Moroccans can be regarded as potential contacts for the G/S as long as they aspire for national independence. Many, of course, were deceived by the Germans, but the final breakdown of Germany might have changed this opinion as it did after the first World War.

The only people who would work at the present time for Germany or the G/S again are WASANI and possibly TORRES. However, WIEDEMANN knows of no concrete agreements.

WIEDEMANN doubts very much that there is any stay-behind organization in Morocco. When WIEDEMANN left there was only a very small section under Uffz BOETTGER, and he

received reports that this was dissolved shortly afterwards.

Don Joaquin BAU, the first Minister of Public Instruction under the FRANCO regime, attempted to negotiate armistice terms between Germany and the western powers in 1944. WIEDEMANN who was vacationing in Barcelona with his family in the summer of 1944. received instructions to accompany BAU and SS O/Fuehrer BERN HARD to Berlin. BAU told WIEDEMANN that the proposed negotiattd peace had been encouraged by a Spanish papal nuncio.

While he was in Berlin, BAU had many discussions with representatives of the SS and the RSHA, but WIEDEMANN was not present. BAU was generally taken to these conferences by BERNHARD, who was also the head of the Sofindus in Madrid. Among the points discussed were:

1 . Free hand in politics for Britain and the United States west and south of Germany, including the Mediterranean. Free hand for Germany beyond the eastern boundaries of the Reich,

2. Revision of racial and Church policies by Germany.

BAU had his last talk with SCHELLENBERG before returning with WIEDEMANN to Madrid. He (BAU) was disappointed and suspicious over not seeing HIMMLER, and was skeptical of the efficacy of the discussions. He complained that interest in Berlin was slight. "I have given them a real chance, and they don't seem to realize it".

When WIEDEMANN returned to Germany in January 1945, he inquired about the matter, and was told that no one was interested in the plan any more. By that time, apparently, it was obvious that Germany was in no position to discuss a negotiated peace.

WIEDERMANN / WEILMANN. In Marine Perch file

WIEDNER, Alois. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

WIEGANDT, Edith, entered Spain at Irun on 21 August 1944 on a collective passport.with a group of German women. Embassy employee. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 1 March, 1946. E-99 Official List. DOB. Dugelstedt, 12 September, 1922.

527

WIELAND, Heinz. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

WIEHE, Peter. Hauptschriftleiter. NS Propaganda. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

WIELAND, Heinz. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). OKW agent.

WIENER, Ernst George. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. Austrian. DOB. 22/12/1902 in Wien. Address in Germany, 1946: Wien.

WIESE, Franz. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Montana S.A. Mining engineer. To Hotel Madrid, Sevilla, in 1940. Bom Autfeld, 9.9.1883. Passport No. 384/39 issued Sevilla 6.7.1939.

WIESHOLLER, Stefan. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

WIESMER, Sigfrid Magodd. Agent in Spanish Morocco. I-Unclassified in OSS records. Xauen. Member of Afrika Corps.

WIESNER. Agent classified l-B in OSS records.

WIESSNER, Egon. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Technician at San Pablo airfield, Sevilla. Address: Hotel Nuevo Suizo, Sevilla.

WIEST, Walter. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Nova, S.A. Bookkeeper. Bidearte 8, Las Arenas (Bilbao). Born Baden-Baden, 23 May 1897. Passport No. 8475 issued Madrid 18.2.36. Member of NSDAP and DAF

WILBERT, Wilhelm. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

WILCKENS, Heinz K. Agent classified B. Listed as B370. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Caylords, Madrid.

WILDE, Otto. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

WILKE, Wilhelm. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

528

WILLHELMI, Hans. Decorated by FRANCO with the Encomienda Sencilla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (Decreto 29 julio, 1943).

WILKEN, Horst. Stahlunion Export G.m.b.H in Madrid. Procurist and representative of Vereinigte Stahlwerke, Duesseldorf. Still in Spain in July 1946 with his Argentinian wife.

WILKENDING, Franz. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. E-100 Official List. DOB. Potsdam, 20 February 1890.

WILMER, Gebrueder, Still in Spain in September 1946. Industry

WILMER, Herbert. Brother of Oscar WILMER. Interrogated by Allied Control Commision about German armaments trade with Spain during war.

WILMER, Oscar / Oskar. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Joaquin Costa 11, Madrid. Born about 1906 in Hamburg. Married. Subject and brother owned firm H. & O. Wilmer (PL) and were two of the principal assistants of Johannes BERNHARDT. Active member of NSDAP. Representative of Junkers Lorenz AG., Junkers Motorenbau.

Recommended por priority repatriation because of connection with armaments trade.

WILPERT, Josef. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

WIMMER, Johann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

WIMMERS, Theodor. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

WINCKLER, Franz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

WINCKLER, Hans Heinrich. DOB. Hamburg, 19 August, 1908. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. German School, Barcelona. A-696 on Official List. Wife Hildegard; children: Uhl and Ulrich.

WINDISCH, Hermann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

WINDOLPH, Anton. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

529

WINGERATH, Ewald. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Bottrop, 9 May, 1922.

WINKOWSKY / WINKOWSKI, Emil Friedrich Karl. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Technician at San Pablo airfield, Sevilla. Address: Hotel Nuevo Suizo, Sevilla. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Berlin, 11 November, 1909. A-904.

WINKOWSKI, Eugenio. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Engineer. Born about 1910. Miranda de Ebro.

WINTER, Egon. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Working for Nazi cabinet.

WINTER, Gustav. Agent classified B. Listed as B371. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Las Palmas and Fuerteventura. Address: calle de la Brisa 4, Tenerifa. Disappeared from Canarias about 1944. Believed to be in Spain in 1945. Business man.

WINTER, Karl. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

WINTERFELD, Detlov von. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. President of the German Red Cross, Spain.

WINTERSTEIN, Capt. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Madrid.

WINZER, Paul. Krim Rat. Police Attache, agent of Amt VI, also worked for Amt VI and Abt T. HIMMLER's assistant sent to Spain after the agreement between {OCCPAC Interrogation Transcripts And Related Records > Ogilvie, Hans). Madrid: Chief from 1939 until August 1944; assistants: Krim Kom HAMMES, Pol O/lnsp VEY, Krim Sek GUTBIER, Krim Sek SCHMIT, Krim Sek KOENEKE, Krim O/Asst BAALK, Krim Kom KRUEGER, chief clerk VIONSEK and Carla BANDT, Secretary (see Preliminary Interrogation Report (CL-PIR) No 152 Prisoner: SS U/Stuf & Krim Kom HAMMES, Ernst). Reportedly dead in accident in August 1944.

From OCCPAC Interrogation Transcripts And Related Records > Shellenberg, Walter:

"Q. I have two matters for interrogation. The first one is whether you know anything about an agreement between HIMMLER and the Spanish authorities relating to the police in Spain. A. Yes.

Q. Will you tell us what you know about it?

A. I know that such an agreement was concluded. I do not know any specific details and according to my recollection this agreement was concluded between HIMMLER and the then Chief of Spanish police whose name I do not remember. The intermediary was the Spanish ambassador in Berlin, MAYALDE.* Q. When was this agreement purportedly negotiated?

530

A. According to my recollection in 1 941. I may be in error about the time, but it was at the time when the Spanish Chief of Police visited Germany and negotiated personally with HIMMLER in regard to this agreement. The entire question of the Spanish Reds played an important role in this agreement. All these negotiations were based upon the close contact which existed already between HIMMLER and the Spanish Chief of Police during the Spanish Civil War.

By virtue of this agreement the incorporation of about 25 to 30 members of the Security Police in Spain within the framework of the German mission in Spain was made possible. Q. Through what period did these men operate in that fashion?

A. I must take it dependent upon the year during which this agreement was concluded. It may have been 1 940 or 1 941. Since that year the consent of the Spanish police was granted.

Q. Did these men continue to operate in that capacity until the end?

A. Yes. They have worked in Spain continually since then.

Q. Do you know whether they are still there?

A. Part of them, perhaps.

Q. Do you know any of their names?

A. The Police attache was WINZER. But he is supposed to have been killed by an airplane crash on one of his last trips. Another one was VEY. The third one was in the beginning in Barcelona and was transferred to Madrid after the accident of WINZER. I have stated his name in previous interrogations. "It begins with H-a..." It doesn't occur to me right now. Q. Do you recall any other names?

A. Not at this moment, biut I am sure other names will occur to me.

Q. Do you know whether the agreement between HIMMLER and Spanish authorities was

written?

A. No, I don't believe so. I believe that this was within the total framework of a large plan according to which pressure was to be exerted upon Spain regarding the march through Spain to Gibraltar. And this was the one of concealed preparations. However, I must add that this is my knowledge only from hearsay.

Q. Do you knou whether the OKW or any military echelon had any interest or participation in negotiation of this agreement?

A. No. I would like to put in this way. OKW had had through the Amt CANARIS, very close ties already with the Spanish General Staff. And what HIMMLER did was only some sort of after-thought. Since the Spanish Civil War and the activities of the Condor Legion, CANARIS had very intimate working relations with Spain..."
 * See FINAT Y ESCRIVA DE ROMANI, Jose, conde de MAYALDE

CONFRATERNIDAD HISPANO-ALEMANA

Altos jefes de la Direccion General de Seguridad condecorados

Recientemente se ha celebrado en Madrid un acto de confraternidad hispanoalemana

consistente en I a imposicion, en nombre delGranReichaleman.dela Cruz del Me

rito de la Orden del Aguila Alemana, a v a r i o s altos jefes de la Direccion General de

Seguridad y al delegado nacional delnformacion e InvestigaciondeFa/a

ngeEspaholaTradicionalistaydolas Jons-.-

L a entrega de t a n valiosas insignias, que han sido regaladas por laEmbajada

alemana,. se h i z o personalmente por don Pablo WINZER, agregado de P o I i c i a, tras

un sentido discurso, que f u e contestado por el secretario general dalaDireccion, don

Manuel RODRIGO ZARAGOZA, agradeciendo ladistincionen nombre de los

condecorados y propugnando el estrechamiento. de los fraternales lazos que nos unen a la

G r a n A I e ma n i a. T a m b i e n dio las -gracias el jefe delaSecretarla Tecnica,

don A g u s t i n RIPOLL. Acontinuacionles fue impuesta I a Cruz de p r i m e r a

clase a don Manuel RODRIGO ZARAGOZA, don Jose Mana AYBAR, delegado nacional

delnformacionelnvestigaciondeFa/angeFspano/a-rracf/c/on

531

a / / stay de las Jons; don Braulio MANUEL SANTOS, comisario general p o I \ t i c o - s o c i a I y don A n t o n i o de REPARAZ, jefa superior dePoliciade Madrid. F u e r o n igualmente condecorados con cruces devtercera clase don Agustin RIPOLL, don Tomas GARCIA CONSUEGRA,' comisario jefe de la Seccion de Pasaportes y E x t r a n j e r o s ; don JesusAZARA .director delaEscuela Central de Idiomas; don B a s i I i o del V A L L E inspector jefe del Servicio devE stadistica.y don Valentin GUERRA, inspectori n t e r p r e t e .{ABC. 16 de Abril de 1942, p. 10)

WIPPERN, Camillo / Kalmillo. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Petersburg 28 June, 1923.

WIRGEL. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Officer.

WISSMANN, Karl Joachim. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1 941 ). First counsellor of German Government.

WITTE, Hans. German formerly employed as technician by the Spanish Government. Listed for departure on SS Marine Marlin, scheduled to leave the Port of Bilbao about Agust 31 , 1946. DOB. Cologne, 7 October, 1908.

WITTKO, Kurt. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Working for Nazi cabinet.

WITZ, Alexander. Member NSDAP working for Banco Aleman Trasatlantico.

WOESSNER, Carlos. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain.

WOHLER, Wilhelm. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

WOHLIGKEIT, Heinz. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Berlin, 11 August, 1925.

WOHLLEBEN, Georg. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

WOHLNIK, Hugo. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

WOHLRAB. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain.

532

WOLHTHAT, Helmut. Dr.Head of GOERING's Four-Year Plan. Condecorated by FRANCO "Caballero de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas con Encomienda" {BOE, 1 1 Septiembre de 1940).

WOISIN EHNGEN, Hans Ernst. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Gran Via 74, Bilbao. Born at Meldorf Suder Dithmarschen on December 20, 1896. Engineer for Sefanitro and representative of German firms Metallgesellschaft A.G. and Lurgi Gesellschaft fuer Chemie und Husttenwesen m.b.H. On German School board for Bilbao. Recommended por priority repatriation. Passport No. II 9075/41 issued at Berlin on 28.1.42. Member of DAF.

WOLF, Bruno. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. Stateless. DOB. 22/7/1907 in Berlin. Address in Germany, 1946: Gustav Muellerstr. 11, Berlin-Schoeneberg (US zone).

WOLF, Erich. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Calle del Principe 26, Vigo. Born Dresden-Altstadt, 1 July 1884. Passport No. IX/ 466/38 issued Dresden 8.6.38. Member of DAF.

WOLF, Friedrich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

WOLF, Johann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

WOLF, Willi. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 7/7/1923 in Bremen. Address in Germany, 1946: Quelkoern, Bezirk Bremen (US zone).

WOLFF, Friedrich. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Chemist. Born about 1900 in Mainz, Germany. Madrid.

WOLFRAM, Alfred. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

WOLLMANN, Hermann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

WOLTER, Willi Karl Heinrich. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. DOB. Hannover, 19 February, 191 1. A-1 136.

WOLTERS, Gerhard. Vice/president of the Camara de Comercio Alemana. In Nazi Propaganda Section, Madrid.

533

WONKA, Albert. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

WORCHEL / WOERCHEL, Eduard. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Working for Nazi cabinet.

WORM, Otto. DOB. Neuhof, 21 September, 1912. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 1 March, 1946. Embassy employee, PLANKERT's office (sergeant). A-568 Official List.

WORTHMANN, Horst. DOB. Hamburg, 22 May 1921. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Embassy employee, PLANKERT's office (corporal). A-569 Official List.

WORYNA, Julius. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

WOTERS, Peter Wilhelm. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 5/10/1902 in Krefeld. German horse merchant. Connected with Hans ZIEGRA. Address in Germany, 1946: Ritterstr. 318, Krefeld (British zone).

WOTHENIK, Karl. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

WREDE, Franz Otto Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo ylas Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). NSDAP propaganda.

WRULICH, Alexander. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

WUCHERPFENNING, Paul. Councillor. Condecorated by FRANCO "Caballero de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas con Encomienda" {BOE, 1 1 Septiembre de 1 940). DOB 17/11/1885 in Liebau, Selesia. Service in German Foreign Office:

1927-1934 Councillor, German Embassy, Ankara under Ambassador von ROSENBURG 1934-1940 Councillor, German Legation, The Hague

1940- 1941 Councillor, German Embassy, Madrid

1941- 1942 Foreign Office, Berlin

1943- 1944 Councillor, German Legation, Budapest

1944- 1945 Foreign Office, Berlin

1945 Councillor, German Embassy, Fasano, Italy

534

Subject entered the NSDAP in 1934. Released to Berlin, Sulzerstr2.

WUNSCHE / WUENSCHE, Kurt. Commander Censure section. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941).

WURFEL, Konrad. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

WURSTER, Anton. Born Rijeka, 1913. Died Pamplona, 1961, Espana. Croatian catholic priest. Member of Opus Dei. During World War II, he was secretary of the Croatian delegation to the Holy See. He took refuge in Spain where he worked in the Departamento de Culturas Modernas (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas) and Universidad de Navarra. He mas member of ratlines organized by the Ustasha:

From US Army's Counter-intelligence Corps report, in CIA files declassified September 12, 1983:

Title: US Army File: Dr. DRAGANOVIC Krunoslav "Dr. DRAGANOVIC Krunoslav

Dr. DRAGANOVIC has close contacts in Austrian political circles, especially with the Catholic clergy and with men of the ex-chancellor Dr. SCHUSCHNIG. Dr. SCHUSCHNIG lives with his family in the monastery of Dr. DRAGANOVIC at Bergo Santo Spirito (in extraterritorial territory).

Three days ago, Dr. SCHUSCHNIG left for Austria under a false name. He carries with him a letter from Dr. DRAGANOVIC which he has to deliver to the Croat Archbishop Dr. SARIC for a high ranking Ustasha official and ex-councillor of PAVELIC, IVANKOVIC.

Through the bishop STEINBACH in Salzburg and British chaplain, Capt. Dr. HAMAN, Dr. DRAGANOVIC received every information and Dr. HAMAN and the secretary of Bishop STEINBACH use him as courier between Austria and Italy.

Dr. DRAGANOVIC has contacts with Ustasha Headquarters in Austria and receives instructions and directives for political activity in Italy. Where Dr. PAVELIC Ante is hidden in Italy is known to ex-minister Dr. FARKOVIC, Mate, Dr. DRAGANOVIC and priest WURSTER (WURSTER is now in Madrid, Spain, but according to reliable information, he comes to Rome from time to time in a plane with members of the Spanish Embassy). WURSTER has left hidden in "castelo dei angeli" (castel of the angels: reference probably made to Castel SantAngelo in Rome), a receiving and transmitting radio set with sufficiently powerful emissions.

The courier of PAVELIC, Ustasha Captain KRILIC works as his private secretary in the office of Dr. DRAGANOVIC. KRILIC also works for the information services of DRAGANOVIC.

Recently, DRAGANOVIC was entrusted with the task of sending to Yugoslavia, via Austria, clandestinely of course, small groups of 3 persons {trojke) to carry out acts of sabotage. For this purpose has arrived from Austria a certain VRBAN (or URBAN) Drago, who will act as guide for the crosssing of the Italo-Austrian border.

535

Last year when PAVELIC was in Florence, DRAGANOVIC knew thisand was together with PAVELIC.

Information is available to the effect that Dr. STAMBUK (intimate collaborator of Dr. DRAGANOVIC) has received from the FSS in Rome SOPREK, copies of reports which mention the activity of Yugoslav emigration in Italy (Rome) and that these reports have come into the hands of Dr. DRAGANOVIC.

Dr. DUGONJIC Zvonko who was recently arrested by the FSS in Rome, during an interrogation, stole from Major SIMCOCK, a document which he later passed to Dr. DRAGANOVIC.

War criminals wanted by the British Authorities were hidden by DRAGANOVIC and later many were sent to South America. Thus DRAGANOVIC hid in Borgo S. Spirito 4, General PECNIKAR Vilko, in Via Concilia 15 KVATERNIK Eugen and in a monastery near the Colosseum, Minister FAKOVIC Mate.

All the documents from which it can be seen that Dr. DRAGANOVIC helped war criminals are ready. In other reports, the activity and contacts of Dr. DRAGANOVIC will be mentioned."

WURSTER WOHLFAHRT, Johann Jakob. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Printing technician. Born February 4, 1891 at Grossbettlingen, Germany. Address: Santa Agueda 30, Barcelona.

WUST, Walter. Prof. SS Oberfuhrer. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Born 7. Mai 1901 in Kaiserslautern; died 21. March 1993 in Munchen) .Indogermanist. Activ Nazi and propagandist.

YEVREMOVIC, Miodrag. "Yugoslavian. Recruited by the Abwehr in Barcelona, his first role was to penetrate the Vichy courier service on behalf of the SD. Later the SD used him in Milan to acquire the Spanish Consulate codebooks, and also correspondence between the Consul and MUSSOLINI who it was thought was seeking assurances that he would be receive asylum in Spain in the event of an Allied victory" National Archives, Kew. KV/2/3412. PF 602686

YURETSCHKE / JURETSCHKE / JURA TSCHKE, Dr. Hans. Agent classified B. Listed as B372. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified III- B in OSS records. Attached to German Embassy, Culture section. Professor of German Literature in The German Cultural Institute, Madrid. Also attached to Instituto Nebrija, CSIC, Madrid. Born about 1908. Address: calle Garcia Paredes 53, Madrid and Juan Bravo 8, Madrid.

ZABEL, Willi. Commander Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1 941 ).

ZADEK / ZAHDEK. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. See ECKERLING, Kurt.

536

ZAHRT, Heinrich. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

ZANDER, Hermann. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Miguel Angel 14, Madrid. Born August 5, 1905. Married; two children in 1946. Manager of Telefunken, Madrid. Member of NSDAP. Certificate in German archives showed he became naturalized Spaniard in September 1943. Subject was of military age and yet was not declared "refractaire" bacause of changing nationality, so allied investigators thought that in all probability he was instructed to do so.

ZANDMANN, Ludwig. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

ZANGERLE, Theodor. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

ZANTOP, Alfred, alias Adolf / Alfred HIRSCH. Agent classified C. Listed as C373. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. In Proclaimed List of Blocked Nationals, 1944. President of Grafos S.A, printers and engravers. Address: Av. Jose Lutrio 778, Barcelona.

From Roberts Commission - Geographical Card File on Possible Art-Looting Subjects > Spain :

"6 November 1945

Subject: KIRSCH, Adolf, or Alfredo (qv)

In MIEDL papers in GOUDSTIKKER house at 458 Heerengracht, Amsterdam, was a list of pictures sold by MIEDL for the account of Alfredo ZANTOP, payment to be made not in Pesetas but in implements in Spain. Also in the correspondence was mention of pictures sold for the account of A. HIRSCH of Berlin and Buenos Aires.

After my return to London, when checking the British files, Alfredo ZANTOP was reported to be an agent of Ast Cologne, running agents in South America. An agent named HIRSCH with no Christian name also appeared in the British files as being from South America and also a member of Ast Cologne. It would seem to be a remarkable coincidence that ZANTOP and HIRSCH, receiving money for pictures belonging to them sold through the medium of GOERING's chief agent in Holland, MIEDL, are not one and the same with the agents of Ast Cologne.{...)

MIEDL sent a report to GOERING on the ZANTOP sale, indicating its importance to GOERING. He also reported on HIRSCH."

From same file: "Subject is reported to be the President of the Gripos S.A. (printers and engravers), which company is located at Avenida Jose Antonio 778 in Barcelona, Spain. A report, dated July 1939 from a W/BC source, stated that the firm was AB/land controlled. In March 1943 a U/DH submission from BC/land to an AB/land military company commander in AB/land consisted of an order emanating from an anonymous sender in BC/land informing the AB/land military company commander that the presence of Corporal Alfred ZANTOP in BC/land was expedient for the settlement of urgent business matters. The anonymous

537

sender suggested that ZANTOP be granted the necessary leave since the AB/land Consulate in BC/land had sanctioned the proposed visit and had set aside 30 March 1943 as the date of the meeting. At that time Alfred ZANTOP was a member of the AB/land army and subsequent reports indicated that he was immediately dispatched to BC/land as per this request.

On 5 May 1943 information received from W/BC sources indicated that Alfred ZANTOP had been made President of the Gripos S.A. in Barcelona.

Subsequent information reveals that subject was suspected of being an AB/land agent and engaged in activities designed to aid in the hiding of German assets."

ZECHLING, Walter. Gravenhorst 10, Lueneburg. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7

March, 1946. A-1065 Official List. DOB. Schifelheim, 25 November, 1879.

ZEFIROF, Pedro. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Chemist (PH.D). Address: calle Avila (misspelled Abilla), Madrid and Don Ramon de la Cruz 45, Madrid.

ZEILER, Fritz. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

ZEISS, Wilhelm. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Mechanic. Formerly in Spanish Morocco. Living in Sevilla.

ZELLER, Josef. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 26/10/1922 in Werschitz Yugosl. SD Gestapo in Spain. Address in Germany, 1946: Hof/ Saale (US zone).

ZENS, Albert. Repatriated from Bilbao.

ZERNECKE, Udo. Agent classified C. Listed as B374. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Manager of Valencia branch of Tubos y Hierros Industrials S.A, Madrid. Address: Hernan Cortes 14, Valencia.

ZEUS, Albert. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. 5 December, 1918.

ZIBEIL, Alfred. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Factory - name not known. Penota, Chalet 4, Santurce (Bilbao). Born Gottbus N-L., 18 March 1890. Passport No. 53/35 issued Bilbao 7.8.35. Member of NSDAP.

ZIEBIS, Max. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

ZIEGLER, Albert. Intelligence agent in Tetuan. Classified ll-B in OSS records. Mechanic at Melilla airport.

538

ZIEGLER, Alberto. Agent classified IV-B in OSS records. Administrator of KDF, Madrid. Artist. Born about 1900. Painter with German Reich RR Direction Agency in Madrid. Address: calle Salvador Crespo 7, Madrid.

ZIEGRA, Hans David. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. DOB 8/10/1904. With camouflage firm. Repatriated from Spain by air (dates from January 29 to February 25, 1946). Po. No. 0792. Mentioned as interned in Camp 76, Asperg on March 27, 1946.

Interrogated between February and May 1946. British Reports.

In 1936 the New York Overseas Corporation was founded by the following people: Roy Fraser POTTS: 40%, Wm. ADAMS LITTELL: 5%, James MAXWELL FASSETT: 5%, ZIEGRA: 50%. They were speciall in dealing with blocked accounts in Germany. ZIEGRA said that Prodag was taken out of Sofindus in 1939 and made a private company by SIEVERS (Bremen), LUETTEN (Hamburg) and PECHE. He was certain that BERNHARDT was in fact a partner as well. SIEVERS, S.S. Hauptsturmfuhrer, who was head of Karl Heinz SIEVERS, and D. KIESELHORST, both of Bremen, bought up Mannheimer Muhlenwerke of Mannheim which had a number of branches abroad. ZIEGRA said that SIEVERS was inmensely wealthy, having started the war with nothing. SIEVERS returned to Spain in April 1945 after spending 6 months in Germany and he brought with him a considerable quantity of valuables. ZIEGRA said that Erich MEYER (shipbuilding) had a brother in America and that he was hiding capital in San Sebastian through WEBER, born Austrian and naturalized Spanish.

According to MINAMEYER, ZIEGRA was an agent in Spain designed for disposal of looted Jewish jewelery and precious stones, amounting to several millions Pesetas. He was also RWM (Ministry of Economics) official charged with unfreezing German assets in South America via Spain from March, 1943 to May, 1945.

Statement by MINAMAYER, June 26, 1946:

" We have made extensive reports regarding ZIEGRA in Madrid. In social circles he was always regarded as a boaster and obtrusive "Hero of women".

In Berlin he made several Jewish enterprises "Arian"for instance Gerstel.

He made come the German-Columbian HERTZHAUSER and his wife from Germany to Spain through his connections to the SS-Fuehrungsamt. It then was his desire that HERTZHAUSER in Spain work for this authority, what however was refused by HERTZHAUSER. (Witness: HERTZHAUSER to WOTERS the latter being here in camp).

Towards the end of the war he tried to make connections with the United States Embassy and had conversations with Col. HOFFMANN. ZIEGRA offered to give valuable information; however, he than pretended to have been called upon from the American side to form an association of decent Nazi-Ennemies. At this occasion he also called on LINDENBERG, without knowing that the latter was my coworker. LINDENBERG assumed from all this talk that ZIEGRA was selling in Spain and Portugal, as an agent for the Nazis, Jewelry of Jewish ownership in the value of ca. 20 Millions Pesetas.

When we found out all this we warned all our friends so that ZIEGRA in the future found only closed doors. As far as I remember further we made the following observations:

That ZIEGRA together with SIEVERS and other people of the Sofindus tried to bring in contact BERNHARD and other people with the gentlemen of the American Embassy.

539

ZIEGRA furthermore tried to trade in South-American passports - genuine or falsified - (Witness: WOTERS). ZIEGRA attempted through methods of extortion to obtain informations and confessions from other German people, (Example: Dr. SCHWENTZNER). (The main part of all our informations was passed on already before foundation of office to the Allied commision Madrid, and from there to Col. EBRIGHT -(with the Military Attache)"

Annex to information, dated July 6, 1946:

1) ZIEGRA likes to talk about his banking business in New York. However, his business transactions over there dont seem to have been immaculate. He even mentioned that his partner in New York had been arrested afterhe himself had left. (Witness: WOTERS- Arsenal)

2) ZIEGRA had made Gerstel in Berlin, an Arian, just the same as the well known banking house Gerbueder Arnold, Dresden; of the latter firm he linked to say that he was its presi- dent.

3) ZIEGRA was supposed to take over the ill-famed fashion-salon Pombo in Madrid, a pure Gestapo foundation for the purpose of contacting the Spanisn aristocracy. (Witness:Duque de Tetuan - PELICAEUS I Madrid)(i.e Guillermo PELIZAEUS y LANTZ, misspelled RANZ in some documents, Duque de Tetuan and Spanish representative of the German firm Phrix)

4) If further details are of interest, it is recommended to hear Mr. WOTERS, at the present time an internee of this camp, who knows ZIEGRA well and was defrauded by him."

Memorandum by OMGUS, Finance Division, dated 24, April 1946:

"Subject: Hans ZIEGRA, RWM Official, now in Camp 76, Aspberg Interrogation of Ziegra resulted in the following:

(A) ZIEGRA was dispatched to Spain in March 1943 by the RWM as a foreign exchange expert with the mission of unfreezing German assets in South America.

(B) ZIEGRA stated that there was no German program for safeguarding external assets in South America. In Spain, he named Sofindus and its subsidiary Campagnie Productos Agricola as the largest German operations. Johannes BERNHARDT, of Sofindus, and the Agricola partners, Joachim SIEVERS and Ernest PECHE were named by ZIEGRA as the most active and most dangerous German agents. Edgar MAIER, German shipbuilder, and a German merchant named WEBER in San Sebastian were also German Safehaven men.

(C) ZIEGRA founded the banking firm, New York Overseas Corporation, 60 Wall St., New York, and is still head of the firm, although he had no communication with the establishment during his 2 years in Spain.

(D) His appointment as a RWM agent was merely a blind to get him out of Germany, ZIEGRA stated. The appointment was arranged by his friends, Werner MARWEDE, Hanover, and Erwin MECK, Berlin,- RWM officials.

(E) ZIEGRA acquired two dress manufacturing factories in Germany about 1940 and retained them, although sentenced to a labor camp for disloyalty.

(F) Prom March 1943 until 1945, ZIEGRA says, he fooled the German Embassy people concerning his activities. He did nothing for RWM, in fact, he acted as informer to Col. Albert H. HOFFMAN, of the American Embassy, on German economic activities.

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(G) ZIEGRA told the interrogator that he had previously made a lengthy statement to Mr. G. M. Robbins, of the Joint Special Financial Detachment.

RECOMMENDATION: Since many of the "facts" recited by ZIEGRA seem contradictory, it is suggested that this office mark his case as "Interested" and obtain more data concerning the New York Overseas Corporation; that we question later German repatriates from Spain about ZIEGRA; that a copy of the Robbins report on ZIEGRA be secured for our file."

From a C.O.I. (Coordinator of Information) report to Audits & Investigation Branch, Finance Division, Berlin, dated January 27, 1947:

"Subject: Hans D. ZIEGRA

Klaus FRANKE, who had previously introduced the above subject to me, called me on the telephone today. In reply to my enquiries he informed me that ZIEGRA's father-in-law lives in Hannover, and that Ziegra obtained his British Travel Order on the recommendations of Colonel BROWN, the U.S. Liaison Officer In Hannover. FRANKE does not believe it likely that ZIEGRA will come back to Berlin, as he said that ZIEGRA had compromised himself somewhat by his former activities, and did not anticipate that he would fare very well if he fell into Russian hands.

ZIEGRA has left Berlin and is at present on the way to Salzburg and Baden Baden. Apparently his object in going down there is to contact the French Authorities as he wishes to open some kind of financial undertaking in Paris, as FRANKE believes, in collaboration with his American friends. ZIEGRA is apparently on very good terms with high ranking and influential American officers, and FRANKE went so far as to say that he even stands very well with General DRAPER himself. FRANKE believes that General DRAPER was formerly connected with Dillon Read & Co., Investment Bankers of New iork f who, as you know, were very active In the raising of loan* in the U.S. for Germany after the last war. It is also probable that ZIEGRA has many American acquaintances in financial circles as a result of his former position as President of the New York Overseas Corporation.

According to FRANKE, ZIEGRA's intention is to get back into international finance with the help of his American friends. He claims, and probably has, Brazilian nationality, and is consequently always able to avail himself of the protection of the Brazilian Authorities, but FRANKE admits that it is possible that ie still retains his German nationality".

From: U.S. Army. European Command. Intelligence Division, Wartime activities of the German diplomatic and military services during World War II, November 18, 1949: " Born on 8 October 1904 in Hanover. Subject claims to have established and to have been the president of the New York Overseas Corporation, located at 60 Wall Street, New York City.

During his banking career he has no doubt made many contacts and accumulated vast experiences in this field. Subject's arrogant attitude, probably leading back to his Wall Street days, brought out quite clearly his psychological attempt to influence the interrogator to his far reaching influence and importance to the business world. During conversations he frequently clings to the name of Col. HOFMANN of the Military Mission in Madrid for whom he had done certain services. Statements and opinions versed regarding subject by various sources, brand him as a her and unreliable. Subject is dangerous because he possesses the gift to lead people where he wants to, and in the opinion of the interrogator is capable of sordid deeds bordering on the criminal. Subject worked for the SD in Spain, and it is true that later on he also worked for Col HOFMANN. On 23 September 1946 when subject was released, he was placed under the surveillance of security forces. Subject was a member of the A/SDAPfrom 1932 to 1939. Subject released to Grossburgwedel 53 Hanover.

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Connections with Aloys MIEDL.

ZIERATH. Agent working for Bureau FELIPE, Operation COSMOS, Algeciras (named in STUBBS and BUGGE's report on /-M Spain).

ZIESCHE in cloaking activities mentioned by LINDENBERG.

ZILL, Johann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

ZILLER, Fritz. From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Montana S.A. Mechanic (Guillermo Pasch). Fromista, Palencia, Fonda Ramos. Born Zurich (Schweiz), 21 Aug. 1898. Passport No. 1278/35 issued Barcelona 15.10.35. Member of DAF.

ZILLMAN / ZILLMANN, Georg. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Rambla de Santa Monica 1, Barcelona and Av. General Franco, 580, Barcelona. . Manager of Baquera, Kusche y Martin, Barcelona. Recommended por priority repatriation.

ZIMMER, Jakob. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

ZIMMER, Karl. DOB. Blankenrath, 5 October, 1914. Arrested March 4, 1946. In No 6 CIC Neuengamme. Internee No 609419. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. A-574 on Official List. Officer of ZF KO Spanien under Max FRANZBACH. Interrogation dated May 27 1946: ZIMMER was born 5 October 1914 at Blankenrath. He stated that he has been in Madrid, Spain, from October 1941 until he was repatriated in March 1946. He explained that he had gone to Spain as Oberzahlmeister, Inspektor der Abwehr Kasse, (bookkeeper and accountant for the Abwehr), which position he held until the German surrender.

At the time of the final defeat of the German armies Max FRANZBACH, Abwehr chief in Madrid, ordered ZIMMER to release the Abwehr assets to him. To the best of the subject's recollection these assets consisted of the following: $ 40.000; Swiss francs 100.000; French francs 1 .000.000. British sterling 9.000 or 1 0.000; a few thousand Argentine Pesos; a sum in Portuguese escudos; approximately 50 kilo of gold; some opium, and net balance of branch offices of the Abwehr. (all Pesetas on hand had been spent, Pesetas 30.000.000 having been received from the German Embassy in Madrid but having been expended at a rate of Pesetas 3.000.000 a month).

The subject further stated that upon learning that FRANZBACH intended to secret these assets - having, in fact, apportioned them among the agents and begun illegal disposal - he

ZIMMER) reported the matter to a "Colonel EBRIGHT" In the American Embassy in Madrid, and furnished the Embassy with a full and detailed list of the Abwehr assets from the Abwehr books and assisted in the recovery of various items.

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ZIMMER claimed to have known none of the agents, professing to having only dealt with the chiefs of the Abwehr. He also disclaimed any knowledge of the mechanics of the supply of gold, currencies, etc., to the Abwehr, although he stated that in August 1944 gold was brought into Spain for the Abwehr by diplomatic pouch. The subject also stated at one point that he had drawn on Sofindus for an amount he could not recall. The various currencies and valuables, (e.g. gold, opium), were supplied to Abwehr agents by their chiefs to be used as bribes, establishment of "fronts" for Abwehr activities and other espionage and sabotage work. The subject said that ha had no specific knowledge of any cloaking operations. He added that he had heard rumours of such transactions involving the German Embassy and the German Navy but that he was unable to supply any details as Abwehr funds were kept apart from Embassy funds.

ZIMMERMANN, Alfred Max. Repatriated from Spain in September 10 1946.

ZIMMERMANN, Franz. V-Mann. Referat II KO Spanien in 1940.

ZIMMERMANN, Johann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

ZIMMERMANN, Paul. Agent classified A. Listed as A377. DOB. Sulzbach, 14 December, 1913. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. German agent. Employed by Lufthansa to May 1940. Attached to Press Section later, German Embassy. Wireless operator. A-575 Official List and III Priority List. Wife: Elisabeth; children: Edeltraut and Helga. Address: Plaza Manuel Becerra 15, Madrid.

ZIMMERMANN, Otto. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Formerly German consul in Alcazarquivir, Spanish Morocco. Born about 1899. In Madrid in 1945.

ZIMMERSCHIED, Wilhelm Friedrich. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 27/12/1910 in Wiesbaden. Address in Germany, 1946: Dabergotz uber Neuruppin (Soviet zone).

ZIMPFER, Albert. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

ZINAU, Hermann. German naval internee at Pasajes, San Sebastian. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7 March, 1946. Brought to repatriation center under police escort. E-136 Official List. DOB. Bremerhaven, 30 December, 1905.

ZINNER, Eugen. Arrived Germany from Spain June 14 1946. German. DOB. 15/9/1922 in Hunschgrun bei Karlsbad. Address in Germany, 1946: Muensterstr. 28, Borghorst/Westfalen (British zone).

ZISCHKA, Anton Emmerich. In List of obnoxious Germans proposed for repatriation from Spain. Lived in Cala Molina, near San Vicente, Mallorca. Nazi propaganda writer.

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ZISCHKE, Emil. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

ZITZELSBERGER, Andreas. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

ZOBEL, Herhard / Paul Gerhard. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Formerly commercial attache at the German consulate, Tetuan. Born May 1, 1903 in Groba bei Riesa, Saxony, Germany. Formerly employed by Sofindus. Madrid.

ZODER, Josef. DOB. Wien, 16 March, 1896. Repatriated on SS Haighland Monarch 7

March, 1946. Brought to repatriation center under police escort. Believed to be internee. No additional information available. D-6 Official List. . In 1945 posed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

ZOHERN, Col. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Barcelona.

ZOLLER, Wilhelm. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

ZOLLNER / OLLNER, Head of Hitlerjunge, Barcelona

ZSCHIESCHE HAGNER, Walter. In US list of hardened nazis for repatriation. Address: Gran Via 62, Bilbao. Born Leipzig, January 10, 1908. Connected with Sofindus. Member of NSDAP and DAF. Died in Madrid January 23 2000. Children: Manfred, Horst, Bernardo and Marlis. Religion: evangelist. (See ABC, necrol. 24 January 2000). Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugoylas Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). From OSS Secret Intelligence Special Funds Record 2801-2850: Hisma Ltda. Power of attorney. Passport No S224/38 issued Sevilla 12.12. 1938.

ZSCHOYAN, Hermann. In 1945 listed as German customs official refugee in Spain (OSS records).

ZUCHRISTIAN, Walter. Agent classified l-B in OSS records. Madrid.

ZUHLSDOFF / ZUEHLSDOFF, Harald. Dr. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. (BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Funcionario superior da repartigao de Imprensa do Reich

ZULEGER, Walter. Listed as repatriated from Bilbao August 21, 1946 to Bremerhaven on SS Marine Marlin. Previously in Miranda concentration camp. DOB. Karlsbad, 5 April, 1914.

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ZWICK, Karl. Decorated by FRANCO with the Medalla de la Orden Imperial del Yugo y las Flechas. {BOE, 30 Septiembre, 1941). Worked at German consulate in Amsterdam.

ZWIESELE, August. Agent classified ll-B in OSS records. Engineer. Commercial agent. Born October 1, 1907, Stuttgart, Germany. Address: calle Plantada 2, Barcelona.

ZWINGLI, Hans. Agent classified ll-A in OSS records. Doctor. Born about 1905. Madrid.

Explanatory Notes: Abwehr.

From: U.S. Army. European Command. Intelligence Division,

Wartime activities of the German diplomatic and military services during World War II

From: CI-CIR/12

SOURCES:

Sonderfuehrer (Z) Wolgang BLAUM, alias BAUMANN, Referat II, KO Spanien.

Obst/Lt Paul FUCHS, Nest Biarritz

Hermann AMENDE, agent of Referat I KO Spanien.

Referat II KO Spain

a. Introduction

During the war, Spain was the scene of numerous acts of sabotage committed by Germans and agents of the Germans against Allied shipping and military installations. In addition, the Iberian Peninsula was used as a base from which agents with a wide variety of missions were sent to many parts of the globe. This report is a study of the organization responsible for all these activities.

b. History and Organization of Referat II, KO Spain.

Abwehr irs first representative in Spain, sent there early in 1940, was Sonderfuehrer KRUEGER. KRUEGER was instructed to set up an office in Madrid and to study conditions in general as well as possibilities for // operations in Spain. At the time; headquarters in Berlin had not yet devised a plan for carrying out its insurrection and minority program (J - work) in Spain. No sabotage activities were planned, principally because S and J were still separate departments of Abwehr II, and both KRUEGER and BLAUM who went to Spain in March 1940, were sent there on orders of the J section.

Upon his arrival in Madrid, BLAUM reported to Freg. Kptn. LENZ, CO of KP Spanien. BLAUM was told that his first mission was to make contacts of possible future value. Permission for BLAUM to remain in Spain was obtained by the German Embassy, where he was registered as an employee. Later the entire staff of Referat II was incorporated into the Embassy as a section of KO Spain, Thus LENZ became KRUEGER's and BLAUM's superior. Although matters of // interest were settled with Abwehr II in Berlin, LENZ still influenced II operations, since all general policies had to be approved by him. In 1941 KRUEGER was transferred to Tangier.where he was put in charge of a small independent KO organization. Major RUDOLF was appointed the new head of // in Spain. The failure of most of the projects initiated under RUDOLF was largely due to his inexperience and lack of initiative.

The appointment of Friedrich HUMMEL, a well known swimmer, to succeed RUDOLF in 1943 paved the way of the most successful period // KO Spain's history. Missions were completed against Gibraltar, Allied orange freighters, and after Italy's surrender, Italian vessels in Spanish harbors. A "cease action" order was received from Berlin in March 1944,

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and HUMMEL was recalled for more important assignments as head of the Leitstelle II West, FA.

The new chief of Referatll, Hptm. Nauman zu KOENIGSBRUECK, was handcuffed by the order prohibiting S-operations in Spain. He had only begun work on an R - organization {Rueckzugs Organisation - withdrawal plan) when he was ordered to return to Germany. In February 1945, BLAUM was also recalled, and Referat ll's remaining activities were entrusted to Werner SCHULZ.a new and and inexperienced man from Berlin. Following is a list of all personnel assigned to KO Spanien from 1940, through March 1945:

1 940 - Chief, Hans KRUEGER, Sonderfuehrer (Z)

Wolfgang BLAUM, Pionier alias Friedrich BAUMANN Franz ZIMMERMANN, V-Mann

1941 - Chief, RUDOLF, Hptn alias RUDOLPH

Wolfgang BLAUM, Gefr

Joseph WABER, Gefr

Heinrich SCHOMMER, Uffz (killed in Russia)

Frl Charlotte HILGERT, secretary

Franz ZIMMERMANN, employe

1942 - Chief, Friedrich HUMMEL, O/Lt

Wolfgang BLAUM, Gefr

Hans RICHTER alias RITTER, employe

Joseph WABER, Gefr

Franz ZIMMERMANN, employe (died 1942)

Victor ANTE, Gefr alias HOFFMANN

Frl Guntrud HEISE, secretary

Frl Lilo NIEMANN alias NEHRKORN, secretary

1943 - Chief, Friedrich HUMMEL, Hptm

to Mar 44 Wolfgang BLAUM, Gefr

Hans RICHTER, Pvt

Joseph. WABER, O/Gefr

Victor ANTE, Gefr

Fritz ROSSBUND, Gefr

Alfred STRICKNER, Uffz

Frl Lore DAUMER, secretary

Frl Charlotte KRIESCH, secretary

Karl KAMPEN, Lt (temp) (killed Nov 43) Mar44-Chief, Guenther NAUMANN zu KOENIGSBRUECK, Hptm to Dec 44 Wolfgang BLAUM, Uffz, Sonderfuehrer (Z)

Joseph WABER, Uffz

Fritz ROSSBUND, Gefr

Frl Guntrud HEISE, secretary Jan 45- Chief, Wolfgang BLAUM

Werner SCHULZ, Pvt.

Fritz ROSSBUND, Gefr

Frl Guntrud HEISE, secretary c. Referat II, KO Spain, At Work

Orders from Berlin

No specific orders concerning the nature of sabotage work were ever given by Berlin headquarters, which merely issued statements of general policy. Changes in policy were frequently necessitated by political or military reverses, the exact nature of which were unknown to the lower echelons. One rule, however, was always emphasized: all sabotage against Allied shipping was to be timed so that the explosion would occur outside Spanish territorial waters, that Spanish neutrality would never be openly violated, and that no proof of German origin would be found at the scene of the sabota.ge. (Proof of German complicity in the explosion of an orange ship at Valencia brought a succession of reprimands from the

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Foreign Office, the High Command, and Spanish authorities, directed against Abwehr II in Berlin and passed down to HUMMEL in Madrid,)

Only one exception was allowed to this regulation. At the last minute, permission was granted to sabotage Italian ships in Spanish harbors, but again it was emphasized that no clue of German, complicity be found, and that, should the Spanish Government make an official protest, blame be placed on the Italian crews. A last and definite order from Berlin was received in early 1944, prohibiting all S-operations in Spain and ordering the destruction or removal of all remaining S-materials.

Origin of Sabotage Materials

Whenever possible, // KO Spanien used British sabotage equipment. The reason for this was twofold: (a) British material was far superior to, as well as more reliable and safer to handle then, the German equivalent; (b) Its use also prevented detection of German origin in case an action was prematurely discovered. This equipment, sent from BERLIN under diplomatic privileges, had been captured In France, either after the British withdrawal of 1940 or from underground forces, to whom great quantities had been parachuted by the Allies.

Efficiency of Abwehr II

Personnel of Abwehr II was generally ill-suited for its job, according to BLAUM and AMENDE. In most cases tho KOs were headed by old reserve officers, intent on keeping their position and rank but lacking intelligence training and knowledge of the country to which they were assigned. Strict adherence to the rigid military hierarchy prevented abler, more experienced subordinates from making their voices heard in the operations of the KOs. As a result, plans were always vague, specific operations had little chance of success, and throughout the war the slogan in Berlin remained, "Something must be done, no matter what." Abwehr II was characterized by a marked tendency to claim tremendou successes and to report constant activity, even when nothing was going on.

The activities of Abwehr II in Spain fall into three separate phases : First phase, 1940-1941: No large-scale sabotage. Several unsuccessful missions against Gibraltar (see Annex I) and Allied shipping (see Annex II). Important activity in connection with J-work, with Spain used as an intermediary (see Annex IV).

Second phase, 1942-1943: Activity in many fields, especially against Gibraltar (see Annex I) and allied shipping (Annex II),

Third phase, 1944 to end of war: All S-activitj.es prohibited by Berlin, Drafting of plans for R- activities (Rueckzugsorganisation). II staff reduced at beginning of 1945.

R -Organization

In late 1942, KO Spain began to fear an Allied invasion of Spain. This attitude, based in part on persistent reports from Berlin pointing to the probability of Allied landings in Spain, prevailed throughout 1943. Shortly after the Allied invasion of North Africa, orders were received to build up an ^-organization in the Iberian Peninsula. Referat IPs part in the project consisted of burying small quantities of S-materials in south and south east Spain, where the invasion was anticipated. To avoid possible indiscretions, only the German staff was allowed to participate in the burying parties. The plan was to send agents across the front lines or to parachute them in the vicinity of hidden clumps. Thus future Abwehr missions, once arrived behind enemy lines, would be assured of adequate supplies. Approximately thirty small crates were buried at a depth of about twelve inches, at locations easily accessible and close to future sabotage targets. These crates were corrosion-proof and contained five to ten charges of different types and sizes, such as incendiaries, demolitions and camouflage coal, all of British origin. .Instructions for use were attached to each charge. The locations of the dumps'were described in great detail by a series of charts and photographs, of which three sets

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were made. One set was kept at II headquarters in Berlin, one sent to Ast Paris, and one to the Iberia Abwehr Troop, a unit set up at the same as the R-organization for employment in the event of an Allied invasion of the Peninsula. None of the charts or photographs remained in Spain. The three existing sets were destroyed before the end of the war. The copy in Paris disappeared in 1944, coincident with the rumored desertion of a member of the // staff of Ast Paris.

Also in line with the ^-organization, Referat II began in late 1943 to train ten to fifteen Spaniards in the handling of S-materials. These men were to be left behind enemy lines. However, when all S-operations in Spain were discontinued on orders from Berlin in early 1944, this plan had to be abandoned. Of the participants in the sabotage course, BLAUM remembers Francisco BORJABAD, the recruiting agent, and Ricardo GUSAETA / ZUSAETA / SUSAETA and Emilio DIAZ, both students. Since the training had to be suspended in its early stages, the Spanish agents never received any sabotage materials.

KO Spain envisioned another possibility for R-work in the support of a clandestine right-wing Falange group led by Narciso PERALES, one of the earliest Falangists and a sincere idealist. PERALES' political activities were of little interest to Abwehr II, which, despite its new designation, Mil Amt D, had remained a purely military organization. It was suggested to Berlin, however, that a demonstration of good will that 20 000 Pesetas be alloted to PERALES' organization for its propaganda program. PERALES and his followers were in opposition to FRANCO'S foreign policy, which in their opinion was becoming increasingly favorable to the Allies. PERALES was a fanatic Catholic, a rabid opponent of Communism and a thorough Germanophile.

PERALES' group consisted of old Falangists who had supposedly remained honest and had not joined in on the frequent attempts by Falange leaders to enrich themselves. They considered themselves the Falange autentica as opposed to the regular Falange founded by PRIMO DE RIVERA.

PERALES, known as a very secretive person, never divulged more than vague information regarding the composition of his organization. Moreover, it was felt by KO Spain that his tremendous enthusiasm caused him to exagerate the importance of his group. He claimed that such military leaders as General YOGUE (misspelling for YAGUE) and MUNEZ GRANDE (misspelling for MUNOZ GRANDES) supported his movement, and that even SERRANO SUNER was sympathetic to his cause. It was considered doubtful, however, whether these important figures would openly ally themselves with France's enemies. Despite suspicions of wishful thinking on the part of PERALES, Referat II was agreed that he could be of value in R-operations in the event that FRANCO should break off diplomatic relations with Germany, or that Spain should be invaded by the Allies. In July 1 944 a plan for making use of PERALES was submitted to Berlin. Since approval was not immediately forthcoming and PERALES needed time to round up and brief

his collaborators little progress was made in 1944. The project was still in its preliminary states when BLAUM left Spain in February 1945. The first step of this plan was to set up a W/T net which would assure permanent contact with PERALES after a break between Germany and Spain. This net would have been the basis for future // work. The remainder of the plan, including S-training, could not be carried out because of the blanket order prohibiting all S-activities was still in effect. Three W/T stations were to be established at Madrid, Barcelona and Sevilla. The procurement of personnel and appropriate sites for the stations were entrusted to Fernando ALZAGA, head of the anti-communist department of the Falange information service. It had also been

decided to turn over to PERALES, a set of the documents revealing the location of S- deposits mentioned above. Since the documeib were not available in Spain, a set was requisitioned from Berlin. They were to be given to PERALES just before the contemplated diplomatic rupture or invasion. In February 1945, this had not been done.

d. Cooperation With Other Sections of KO Spain.

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Only a minimum of news and opinion were exchanged between Referat II and the other sub- sections. Information of / and /// interest which was gathered along with // material was merely passed on to the interested sections. There were, however, some exceptions to this policy.

In Sevilla, Capt Antonio OJEDA and Patricio DREXEL / DIEPEL, neither of whom were connected with //, were used in sabotage activities. OJEDA, a member of the Spanish intelligence service, volunteered information on maritime traffic to and from Gibraltar. Most of his reports came through Referat I. DIEPEL, a German resident of SEVILLA, contributed reports on the internal political situation, police records, etc., some of which were used by ///. Referat II obtained an especially valuable item of information for l/TLw through DIEPEL. A Spanish air force colonel supplied a complete description of a US four-engined bomber, which had made an emergency landingin southern Spain. Various technical manuals were included in the report. At the time (summer 1943), the Abwehr was looking for such material, and was anxious to obtain data on radar equipment, which was supplied in this report. Some /// F functions were taken over by the // office after all S-operations had been forbidden by Berlin. Perfecto BRIOSO, a Falange information service agent, had contacted BALDWIN, of the US Embassy. BRIOSO, who had been engaged by the Spanish /// F service, had offered his services to the // office without the knowledge of /// F. Thus BLAUM was able to learn what questions BALDWIN had asked BRIOSO and what cover answers BRIOSO had been furnished by his own intelligence service. In one case, when BALDWIN screened a number of Germans with BRIOSO's aid, BRIOSO's cover answers were supplied by the // office. BRIOSO's activities came to an end when Spain decided to discontinue /// connections with the U.S. Embassy and

BRIOSO refused to carry on without the shield of his own organization. Enrique ZABALA, a Spanish friend of a member of the // staff, claimed to have established III F contacts with the British Embassy through certain left-wing and anarchist circles, who in turn claimed to know VARELA, a Spaniard in the service of the British. KO Spain had always been extremely interested in the results of Allied measures to gain support of Spanish leftist parties. ZABALA, however, was arrested by the Spanish police and admitted having worked as a /// F agent for the Germans.

Another /// F man, FERNANDES FERNANDEZ, was engaged by Referat II. A Spanish police agent in Sevilla, FERNANDEZ worked in a III F capacity with the British Consulate, supplying British intelligence with lists of arrivals and departures of aliens. He had also been asked to investigate suspect German agents. Necessary answers, were, of course, supplied by the // office.

e. Co-operation of Spanish Officials and Firms.

The Spanish secret police had very close ties with the Abwehr and SD. The foreign branch of the Falange submitted reports of various kinds to the Abwehr. Carlos PEREYRA, an agent for the Mexican motion picture industry in Madrid, worked as a liaison agent between the Abwehr and Falange.

ALCAZAR DE VELASCO, a Spanish agent who had been in England as Abwehr businessman was taken to Germany by OBERBEIL in August 1944. One source of information in the Falange was handled by SS Sturmbannfuehrer MOSIG of RSHA Referat IV B.

Franco's ex-foreign minister, Ramon SUNER, transmitted to SCHELLENBERG

incidental items of intelligence.

f. Liaison With Spanish Officials.

FUCHS, who was stationed at Biarritz for two years, had close contact to the following persons belonging to the Comandancia Militar de la Frontera Norte de Espaha.

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(1) Col Julio ORTEGA-TERCERO; handled transit and exit permits.

(2) Major IBANEZ; operated his own net of agents and was suspected of working for both the Germans and Allies.

(3) Capt LINARES; supposedly worked for the British in conjunction with the Family de la SOTA in Biarritz.

(4) Capt SANCHEZ.

Fuchs was also introduced to the following members of the Spanish Intelligence Service:

(1) Lt Col CABANILLAS from Madrid.

(2) Maj GOYCORETA.

FUCHS was acquainted with the following named subjects who worked for the different sections, some pro-German and some pro-Allied:

(1) The Count of ANDES.

(2) The Duke of AGUILAR

(3) The Family de la SOTA.

As these persons were residing at Biarritz between 1942 and 1944.

g. Co-operation Between Spanish Officials and German Intelligence Agencies.

Kapitaen LENZ, head of the KO Spain was able to maintain close relations with the Spanish

Army due to his activities in the Civil War.

GIESE was introduced to the chief agent of the Spanish counterintelligence in La Coruna by a letter which he received from Lt Col HUSTON, chief of the forementioned organization. Thus GIESE was able to receive reports of the agents maintained aboard Spanish ships by the Falange and by Spanish intelligence.

h. Relations with Spanish Authorities.

ROHRSCHEIDT, head of Abwehr ///in Spain, worked tery closely with Lt Col JUSTE of the Spanish Intelligence Service. One part of the G/S, possibly Amt IV, was in close contact with the Camisas Cruzadas ( error: it didn't exist such a group or name. The group alluded was surely the so called Camisas Viejas), a small group in the Falange.

i. G/S Connections with the Spanish Intelligence Service.

Collaboration between the Abwehr and the Spanish IS were very close. CARBE and SANCHEZ RUBIO worked together at Algericas. After the expulsion of the Germans from that area SANCHEZ RUBIO reported activities in Gibraltar directly to the KO in Madrid. KUEHLENTHAL made daily visits to the S/S office in MADRID. He conferred mainly with Gen MARTINEZ DE CAMPAS and Lt Col PARDO, In autumn 1940, CANARIS held discussions WITH FRANCO concerning an attack upon Gibraltar.

j. Abwehr Spain - Cooperation Between German and Spanish I S. Nest Algericas (error for Algeciras)

The chief of the Nest Algericas (error for Algeciras)was CARBE, alias DON ALBERTO,

who was concerned primarily with the Gibraltar area and was assisted by Kapt KELLER, alias BODEGA. KURRER believed that operations were conducted mainly by recruiting agents from among the thousands of Spanish workmen who lived in Algericas and commuted to Gibraltar. CARBE also handled the negotiations with local Spanish authorities for the installation of infra-red equipment across the Straits of Gibraltar for the purpose of recording ship movements through the Straits. At one time these installations were destroyed, possibly by Allied agents. CARBE was assisted in discovering the strength and armaments of Gibraltar by It Col SANCHEZ RUBIO of the SIS. This station,

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KURRER believes, was closed sometime in 1 044 because of pressure on Spain by the United Stites and Great Britain.

The following persons were considered by AMENDE to be key personalities

in the chain of numerous groups and organizations linked with either KO Spain or the S/S:

Emilio LANG

Padre LANG (Pater Agostin Maria LANGE).

(For more detailed information see "Personalities").

AMENDE says that there were relations between Referat II and the S/S. Any project undertaken by Referat II was of necessity kept secret from the German Embassy itself. All sabotage actions on Spanish soil were covered to prevent any proof that these were German inspired. Spanish agents were recruited without the help of any official Spanish government agencies, and sabotage operations were carried on independently of anyother organization in Spain, Spanish or otherwise. Only in planning the R-net against a possible Allied invasion of Spain, did BLAUM recruit the aid of PERALES and his followers.

According to AMENDE it should be possible to establish a net of informants knowledgeable on the activities of the remaining elements of the G/S in Spain. Some of these potential elements were considered neutral, others pro-Allied, and other pro-German. AMENDE is not sure of their exact sumpathies. Nevertheless, he suggests the following as a possile plan of procedure:

First contact with Spaniards across the border from Cerbere might be established with the chief of the frontier police of Port-Ban (error instead of Port-Bou), a certain Mariano LOPEZ VINAULES (error for LOPEZ VINUALES )and his assistant SOL could serve as liaison man with agents whose headquarters are in France, bearers of correspondence, and could be helpful in granting entrance and frontier crossing permits. VINAULES then, is the man to contact RUIZ DE VALLE and AMABLE in Figueras. The latter two are members of the S/S, good friends of AMENDE with leads into Barcelona, and are likely to be cooperative. In Barcelona, MORENA (error for MORENO) BRAVO is the key, informant on any subject concerning:

(1) Former members and activities concerning German Consulates.

(2) Abwehr Stelle Barcelona.

(3) Plans and projects of former Referat II, KO Spain.

(4) Shipping during the war.

(5) Dispatching of agents.

(6) The Spanish Intelligence Service.

(7) Leads into Madrid.

From MORENO BRAVO the link to CASANAS may be established. CASANAS, well known in Spanish politics since 1937 has connections with: (1) Clique of general officers surrounding FRANCO. {2)Falange and minor parties with similar policies.

(3) Spanish police (for check on aliens and registers

(4) Civil service throughout Spain.

(5) Falange police and S/S in Spanish Morocco, and possibly South America.

(6) SERRANO SUNER and his immediate environnement (now eclipsed in hriedo)

and has acquaintance with:

(1 ) LI CI MAD A JUANA (Luis Ma de Juana?) (member of SIS - alien registration)

(2) AGUILLO (Naval intelligence)

(3) BOMBIN (SIS and Falange police)

(4) Emilio LANG (and through him with former Referat I, KO Spain).

Emilio LANG, the next man in the chain, may be consulted with the purpose of obtaining all information concerning the GIS, especially recent activities of what remained of KO Spain.

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LANG may also be able to contact Padre LANGE in Bilbao. Padre LANGE, another key man, would be available or connections with:

(1) Church of Spain (church heads in Madrid).

(2) Nobility

(3) GIS and its past activities in Ireland and South America.

(4) The Basques and his intimate knowledge of conditions in North Spain.

SOURCE OF INFORMATION

Sonderfuehrer (Z) Wolfgang BLAUM, Referat II, KO Spain.

Obslt Paul FUCHS, Nest Biarritz

Hermann AMENDE, Agent of Referat I, KO Spain.



DIAGRAM OF l-M

KO Spain (cover name SOMMER and SOMOZA)

Radio Station and School (SABAIIEt

Al>tl

Administration (PAGO)

Aht III

BEDDEH

- BODEGA (AlgeciriB)

-LEOPARD (Ceuta)

LUCKS (Tangier)

l-M

CAESAR (Algeciras)

1

I lest Moiotco

T email Tangier Centa Melilla

Bureau FELIPE

Operation COSMOS (Algeciras)

Inspection Hord Inspection Ost Inspection Sued

Bilbao, HO Vigo Coruiia Gijon

San Sebastian Sautander

Barcelona, HQ Alicante Valencia Cartagena Baleares Mahon

Palma de Mallorca

Seuilla, HO Huehra Almeria Malaga Cadiz

Canaries

Las Palnias Santa Cruz



Auction of looted Old Masters in Barcelona.

See docs. Catalogue Reference:T/209/9, National Archives, Kew:

"(...) Ministry of Information Malet Street London, W.C.I 22nd March, 1945

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Sir,

On the 2nd October, you wrote to the Director General regarding the import of looted works of art into neutral countries, and, in particular, the Iberian Peninsula, As stated by Mr. McCann in his letter to you of the 1 8th October, we wrote to our Press Attaches in Spain, asking them to let us know if any information came their way, and we have now received from our Press Attache in Barcelona a list of Old Masters now being offered for sale privately in that city. We are unable to state whether they have been in Spain for some time or have been recently imported, but the list may be of some interest to you. I have the honour to be, Sir, Your obedient Servant, Joan Lynam, Spanish Section.

(To) The Hon. Secretary, British Committee on the Preservation and Restitution of Works of Art, Archives and Other Material in Enemy Hands, Parliament Square House. Parliament Street, S.W1.

Una tabla - (Renacimiento) Escuela Italiana, siglo XV, representa La Adoracion de los

Reyes Magos - sus dimensiones son de 1,10 de alta por0,80 de ancha, se pide en

venta 1.750.000 Pesetas

Una tabla - Atribuida a Rafael Sancio -siglo XV, y XVI, representa El Pasmo de Sicilia - sus dimensiones son de 0,50 de alta por 0,32 de ancha, se pide en venta 350. 000 Pesetas

Una tabla - Atribuida a Rubens -siglo XVI, representa La Virgen, el Nino y San Juanin- sus dimensiones son de 0,27 de alta por 0,22 de ancha, se pide en venta 30. 000 Pesetas

Una tabla - Atribuida a Goya -siglo XVIII, representa el retrato de un senor de la epoca - sus dimensiones son de 0,21 de alta por 0,20 de ancha, se pide en venta 25. 000 Pesetas

Un lienzo - Atribuido a Ticiano -siglo XV, y XVI, representa la Imagen de Jesucristo, atado a la Columna- sus dimensiones son de 0,62 de alto por 0,55 de ancho, se pide en venta 750.000 Pesetas

Un lienzo - Atribuido a Ribera (El Espanoleto) -siglo XV, y XVI, representa un Santo Eremita,

- sus dimensiones son de 0,62 de alto por 0,55 de ancho, se pide en

venta 1.500.000 Pesetas

Un lienzo - Atribuido a Alenza -siglo XIX, representa el retrato de una mujer- sus dimensiones son de 0,60 de alto por 0,50 de ancho, se pide en venta 50.000 Pesetas

Un lienzo - Atribuido a Federico Madrazo -siglo XIX, representa el retrato de una joven de la

epoca- sus dimensiones son de 0,75 de alto por 0,45 de ancho, se pide en

venta 50.000 Pesetas

Un lienzo - Atribuido a Francisco Herrera (padre) - siglo XV, y XVI,, representa el retrato de

un cardenal- sus dimensiones son de 1 metro de alto por 0,85 de ancho, se pide en

venta 750.000 Pesetas

Un lienzo -Atribuido a Berruguete (padre) - siglo XV, y XVI,, representa el busto de la

Virgen- sus dimensiones son de 0,31 de alto por 0,22 de ancho, se pide en

venta 75.000 Pesetas

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Un cobre -Atribuido a Greco - siglo XVI,, representa un anciano y un Angel- sus dimensiones son de 0,19 de alto por 0,14 de ancho, se pide en

venta 75.000 Pesetas

Dos cobres - Atribuidos a Ticiano -siglo XV, representa dos Romanos, - sus dimensiones son de 0,17 de altos por 0,13 de anchos, se pide en

venta 750.000 Pesetas

Dos cobres - Atribuidos a la epoca de Renacimiento -siglo XV, los dos son tambien iguales de tamano, el uno representa El Paraiso Terrenal y el otro La Torre de Babel - sus dimensiones son de 0,19 de alto por 0,1 1 de ancho, se pide en

venta 40.000 Pesetas

ACRONYMS AND TERMS

2 idme Bureau: Deuxieme Bureau (France's external military intelligence agency)

A.E.M: American Embassy in Madrid.

Abteilungs Letter. Department Head

Abwehr: Amt Auslands und Abwehr

ALIU: Art Looting Investigation Unit.

Amt:: Office

Angriff : DerAngriff (Newspaper founded by Nazy Party) AO: Auslandsorganisation (Abroad organization) Ast: Branch

BDM: Bund Deutscher Ma del BOE: Boletin Oficial del Estado

Brigada Social: Brigada de Investigation Social (BSI) or Brigada Politico-Social (BPS)

c/o: Care of

CI-IIR: Counter-intelligence Intermediate Interrogation Report

CIR: Counter-intelligence report

DAF: Deutsche Arbeitsfront

Deutscher Schulverein: German School Association

Deutscher Verein: German Club

DGS (Spanish); Direccion General de Seguridad

DOB: Date of Birth

Falange: Falange Espahola (FE)

fnu: First name unknown.

G-2: U.S. Army Intelligence

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Gauleiter: Head of a Gau or of a Reichsgau. Gestapo: Geheime Staatspolizei

GIS: German Intelligence Service (acronym used by British and US)

GIS: In these documents, German Intelligence Services.

Hauptamtsleiter: Department Head

HJ: Hitlerjugend, Hitler-Jugend

l-M KO: Inoffizielle Mitarbeiter Kriegsorganisation

KdM: German Sabotage Units from Kriegsmarine

KO: Kriegsorganisation

Kreisleiter. County Leader

Krim O/Asst: Kriminal Ober Assistant (police official)

Krim Sek: Kriminal-Sekretaerin

Krim. Kom.: Kriminal Kommissar

MIS: Military Intelligence Service

NSDAP: Nationalsozialistiche Deutsche Arbeiter Partei

NSFK: Nationalsozialistisches Fliegerkorps

NSV: Nationalsozialistische Volkswohlfahrt

Obertsurmbannfuehrer. (An SA and SS rank, equivalent to Lieutenant Colonel) Obst/Lt: Oberstleutnant

OCCPAC: Office, Chief of Counsel for the Prosecution of Axis Criminality OKW: Oberkommando der Wehrmacht

Ortsgruppenleiter: (Local Group Leader). Nazi Party political rank and title which existed

between 1930 and 1945

OSO. Office of Special Operations

OSS: Office of Strategic Services

Pol O/lnsp: Polizei Oberinspektor

RAD: Reichsarbeitsdienst

RAD: Reichsarbeitsdienst (State Labour Service)

Referat: Department

RSHA: Reichssicherheitshauptamt (Reich Main Security Office) SA: Sturmabteilung (German Stormtroopers) Schupo: Schutzpolizei

SD: Sicherheitsdienst des Reichsfuhrers-SS (Nazi security service) Sipo: Sicherheitspolizei

SIS: In these documents, Spanish Intelligence Services. SS H/Stuf: Schutzstaffel Hauptsturmfuhrer SS: Schutzstaffel (Protection Squadron)

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Sturmbannfuehrer. (An SA and SS rank, equivalent to Major) Sturmfuehrer: (An SA and early SS rank, equivalent to 2nd Lieutenant) Untersturmfuehrer. junior storm leader" - an SS rank, equivalent to Second Lieutenant USFET MIS. United States Forces European Theater Military Intelligence Service W/T: Wireless transmitter Wehrmacht: German Armed Forces

SOURCES:

-National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). The informationg about Nazi agents in Spain is dispersed among all the files and the results of the search engine are limited. So there is no guide or rule to mitigate the search: '"Begin at the beginning (Holocaust Era- Assets) and go on till you come to the end: then stop." as the King said.

- FBI Files

- OSS /CIA declassified files under FOIA.

- National Security Archive.

- National Archives, Kew. Many original files have been "sanitized", but is posible find the original and more extended version in NARA. Notwithstanding these archives have better information about agents in Tangier and North Africa.

-Hansard.

- Getty Provenance Research Data Bases. -Digital Archive. Wilson Center.

- Immigration Records of Argentina (online)

-Newspaper archive of ABC, La Vanguardia and Der Spiegel. There is no hidden nazi who could resist the temptation of anounce his engagements, marriages, medals or death in the local press. God bless the human vanity. In the years prior to WWII the section of announces in the Spanish Newspaper were used by GIS to transmit messages, so don't forget this section.

The Secondary sources, scholarly papers, etc, can be found in the text.

The Spanish archives with information about these criminals has been closed to researchers under a Censure Act issued by the Government of Jose Luis RODRIGUEZ ZAPATERO in 2010.

"Acuerdo sobre politica de seguridad de la informacion del Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores y de Cooperacion por el que se clasifican determinadas materias con arreglo a la Ley de Secretos Oficiales.

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El articulo 105 b) de la Constitucion Espanola reconoce el derecho de los ciudadanos al acceso a los archivos y registros informaticos. No obstante, este principio encuentra ciertos limites, como reconoce el propio Articulo 105 b) de la Constitucion, "en lo que afecte a la seguridad y defensa del Estado".

En esa misma Imea, el Articulo 37 de la Ley 30/1992, de 26 de noviembre, de Regimen Jundico de las Administraciones Publicas y del Procedimiento Administrativo Comun, despues de reconocer los distintos supuestos de acceso a los registros y archivos administrativos, excluye ese derecho, no obstante, cuando "contengan informacion sobre la Defensa Nacional o la Seguridad del Estado".

La Ley 9/1968, de 5 de abril, reguladora de los Secretos Oficiales, modificada por la Ley 48/1978, de 7 de octubre, establece el sometimiento de la actividad de los organos del Estado al principio de publicidad, al tiempo que reconoce, en el articulo 2, la posibilidad de declarar como materias clasificadas a aquellos asuntos, actos, documentos, informaciones, datos y objetos cuyo conocimiento por personas no autorizadas pueda danar o poner en riesgo la seguridad y defensa del Estado.

El articulo tercero del Decreto 242/1969, de 20 de febrero, por el que se desarrollan las disposiciones de la Ley 9/1968, sobre Secretos Oficiales, contempla la clasificacion de asuntos como secretos o reservados para aquellos cuya revelacion no autorizada por la autoridad competente para ello, pudiera dar lugar a riesgos o perjuicios de la seguridad del Estado, o pudiera comprometer los intereses fundamentales de la Nacion en materia referente a la defensa nacional, la paz exterior o el orden constitucional.

Teniendo en cuenta dichos preceptos, y con objeto de evitar que asuntos que afectan a la politica exterior de Espana se vean desprotegidos, se hace necesario determinar con mayor precision las materias que, en el ambito de la seguridad exterior del Estado y sus relaciones diplomaticas, requieren proteccion y amparo para la mejor defensa de los intereses de Espana y de sus aliados y amigos.

Junto a esta necesidad de precisar las materias que pueden ser clasificadas como de caracter secreto o reservado, segun la clasificacion establecida en el articulo 3 de la citada Ley 9/1968, es preciso igualmente tener en cuenta los compromisos adquiridos por Espana, tanto a nivel bilateral como multilateral, mediante la suscripcion de tratados sobre proteccion mutua de informacion clasificada, que requieren de una clara definicion de esta materia por nuestro ordenamiento jundico.

En todo caso, la competencia para declarar materias clasificadas, segun el grado de proteccion que requieran, corresponde, ademas de a la Junta de Jefes de Estado Mayor, al Consejo de Ministros, en virtud de lo dispuesto en el articulo 4 de la Ley 9/1968, modificado por la Ley 48/1 978.

Por todo ello, en su reunion del 15 de octubre de 2010, el Consejo de Ministros, a propuesta del Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores y de Cooperacion, acuerda lo siguiente:

Primero.- Se otorga con caracter generico la clasificacion de secreto a las materias que se relacionan a continuacion, asi como a los actos, documentos, informaciones, datos y objetos sobre las mismas, cuya revelacion no autorizada puede danar o poner gravemente en riesgo la seguridad y defensa de Espana o de sus aliados o amigos asi como los intereses politicos, sociales, economicos y comerciales y las relaciones diplomaticas con terceros paises.

1.- Posiciones basicas de Espana y estrategias en negociaciones politicas, de seguridad, economicas y comerciales que conciernan a los intereses esenciales del Estado tanto en el

557

ambito bilateral como en la Union Europea, la Organizacion del Tratado del Atlantico Norte, el sistema de Naciones Unidas, la Conferencia Iberoamericana u otras Organizaciones y Conferencias Internacionales.

2. - Informacion sobre posiciones espanolas en conflictos internacionales o internos de naturaleza politica, social, economica o comercial que puedan comprometer los intereses espanoles o su capacidad de interlocucion con terceros paises.

3. - Informacion relativa a la actualizacion de grupos terroristas y movimientos a ellos asociados, delincuencia organizada y trafico de drogas, personas y armas con implicaciones o ramificaciones en Espana o en los paises con los que Espana haya suscrito acuerdos sobre dichas materias o mantenga relaciones de amistad.

4. - Informacion relativa al despliegue de unidades de las Fuerzas Armadas y Fuerzas y Cuerpos de Seguridad del Estado espanolas y aliadas tanto en Espana como en misiones internacionales.

5. - Negociaciones y buenos oficios sobre secuestros y liberacion de ciudadanos espanoles o extranjeros asi como la informacion relativa a las extradiciones o traslado de personas condenables.

6. - Contactos de mediacion o buenos oficios llevados a cabo por Espana con terceros paises y con grupos y lideres de oposicion para facilitar procesos de paz y la promocion o defensa de los derechos humanos.

7. - Proteccion de Derechos Humanos, con especial incidencia en casos humanitarios especialmente sensibles y las gestiones con terceros paises en este ambito.

8. - Cuestiones de asilo y refugio.

9. - Tramitacion de beneplacitos de Jefes de Mision espanoles y extranjeros.

10. - Informacion relativa a las cuestiones que afecten a la soberania, independencia y a la integridad de Espana o de paises amigos y a las posiciones de Espana sobre contenciosos de indole territorial inter-estatales o intra-estatales.

11. - Informaciones relativas a la aplicacion de Acuerdos bilaterales o multilaterales sobre asuntos de seguridad y defensa suscritos por Espana, incluidas aquellas relacionadas con sobrevuelos, estancias y escalas de buques y aeronaves.

12. - Asuntos relacionados con los cnmenes mas graves de trascendencia internacional sobre los que pueda tener jurisdiccion la Corte Penal internacional u otros Tribunales Internacionales y aquellos sometidos ante Tribunales espanoles.

13. - La informacion relativa a los preparativos de los viajes de SS.MM. los Reyes y del Presidente del Gobierno y, cuando las circunstancias lo aconsejen, de los Ministros y otras autoridades del Estado.

14. -Las claves y material criptografico.

Segundo.- A las materias antes resenadas, asi como a los actos, documentos, informaciones, datos y objetos sobre las mismas, se les otorgara el caracter generico de reservadas cuando su revelacion no autorizada pueda danar o poner en riesgo la seguridad y defensa de Espana o sus aliados y amigos, los intereses, politicos, sociales, economicos y

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comerciales y las relaciones diplomaticas con terceros paises. Se les otorgara igualmente la clasificacion de reservado a las siguientes materias:

1 . - Entrevistas con mandatarios o diplomaticos extranjeros con implicaciones para los intereses del Estado o las relaciones internacionales.

2. - Gestiones de apoyo en las licitaciones de empresas espanolas en el exterior y en contenciosos de especial gravedad que les afecten.

3. - Candidaturas espanolas a puestos en organismos internacionales.

Tercero.- Tendra la misma clasificacion generica de secreto o reservado, segun corresponda, todos aquellos documentos necesarios para el planeamiento, preparacion o ejecucion de los documentos, acuerdos o convenios a que se refieren los apartados anteriores asi como la documentacion que los remita, comente o evoque.

Cuarto.- Dichos asuntos y materias podran tener partes destacadas, informaciones o datos a los que corresponda una clasificacion de seguridad inferior a la que se ha otorgado con caracter generico. Este extremo se hara constar asi en el documento que atribuya la calificacion, de acuerdo con el requisito c) del articulo once del Decreto 242/1969, de 20 de febrero, por el que se desarrollan las disposiciones de la Ley de Secretos Oficiales.

Quinto.- Las informaciones, asuntos y materias clasificados por Organizaciones Internacionales o por terceros Estados, asi como la documentacion que los remita, comente o evoque, recibiran una clasificacion que asegure un grado de proteccion equivalente al que recibe la informacion en su lugar de origen.

Sexto.- El intercambio de informacion clasificada con organizaciones internacionales o paises extranjeros tendra el tratamiento, proteccion y limitaciones establecidas en los convenios bilaterales o multilaterales en los que Espana sea parte y a cuyo amparo haya sido intercambiada dicha informacion, sin que en ningun caso esta reciba una proteccion inferior a la establecida por este Acuerdo y la Ley 9/1968, modificada por la Ley 48/1978, de 7 de octubre, reguladora de los Secretos Oficiales.

Septimo.- Esta relacion de materias clasificadas sera objeto de actualizacion periodica."

Vale.

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