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Newton’s Second Law of Motion
Newton’s Second Law of Motion is one of three physical laws or motion, developed by Sir Isaac Newton. Sir Isaac Newton was an English physicist, mathematician, astronomer, natural philosopher, alchemist, and theologian, and is known as one of the most influential people in history.

The Second Law of Motion's formula
The formula of Newton’s Second Law can be noted in short as F = m * a, where “F” is the net force applied to an object, “m” is the object’s mass and “a” is the object’s acceleration.

The second law states that the net force on an object is equal to the time rate of change of its linear momentum p in an inertial reference frame:

F = dp / dt = d(m*v) / dt

where "dp" is the change of an object’s linear momentum and "dt" is the time change. "Dp" is equal to "d(mv)", which is the change of mass "m" multiplied by velocity "v".

The law is only valid for systems that have a constant mass, so the mass can be taken outside the differentiation operator by the constant factor rule in differentiation. Thus,

F = m * (dv / dt) = m * a

where m is the object’s mass and a is the object’s acceleration.

Origin
Sir Isaac Newton’s laws of motion were first compiled in his work Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica, which was published first in 1687. Newton’s second law was originally written in Latin:

“Lex II: Mutationem motus proportionalem esse vi motrici impressae, et fieri secundum lineam rectam qua vis illa imprimitur.”

This is translated to modern English as follows:

“The change of momentum of a body is proportional to the impulse impressed on the body, and happens along the straight line on which that impulse is impressed.”

A common story about Newton is that he was once reading a book under an apple tree, when he saw an apple fall on the ground. This would be what made him interested in gravity and what led him to form formulas and laws of gravity and motion.