User:Wp;anand.dude

Bit = binary digit 1 bit = 0,1 1 nibble = 4 bit 1 byte = 8 bit

1KB = 1024 BYTE {10^3} 2^10 1 MB = 1024 KB [million] {10^6} 2^20 1GB = 1024 MB [billion]{10^9} 2^30 1TB = 1024 GB (tera byte)[trillion]{10^12} 2^40 1 PB = 1024 TB (peta byte){10^15} 2^50 1 EB = 1024 PB (exa byte){10^18} 2^60 1 ZB = 1024 EB (zetta byte){10^21} 2^70 1 YB = 1024 ZB (yotta byte){10^24} 2^80 1 bronto = 1024 YB {10^27} 2^90 1 Geop = 1024 bronto {10^30} 2^100

1) Part number, description and number of parts ordered are examples of processing.

2) a collection of unprocessed items is data after processing it is called information.

3) Data Cycle consists of an input, processing, output and storage as its constituents.

4) data or information used to run the computer is called software.

5) the analytical engine developed of computers used counter wheels as a memory unit.

6) The first computer to provide storage was EDVAC (electronic discrete variable automatic computer) OR EDSAC. (Electronic discrete storage automatic computer)

7) first generation computers used machine language.

8) time sharing became possible in second generation of computers First generation - batch processing.

Used : 1st generation : vacuum tube 2nd generation : transistor 3rd generation : integrated circuits or ICs ( by J.S. Kibli) 4th generation : microprocessor /VLSI 5th generation : ULSI / Artificial intelligence

9) chip is a common nickname for an integrated circuit.

10) integrated circuit (IC )chips used in computers are made with silicon.

11) complete electronic circuit with transistors and other electronic components on a small silicon chip is called an integrated circuit

12) PCs are considered fourth- generation and contain microprocessor.

13) desktop and personal computers are also known as micro computers.

14) A PDA(personal digital assistant ) uses a handheld operating system.

15) Who is considered as the ‘Father of Computers’ ? Charles Babbage (Analytical Engine) Ada Lovelace is the "mother of computer".

16) Which bus is bidirectional? Data bus

17) The output of an exclusive – NOR gate is 1. Which input combination is correct ? A = 0, B = 0 or A = 1, B = 1 (same input)

exclusive – OR : A = 0, B = 1 or  A = 1, B = 0

18) The terms ‘red book’, yellow book’ and orange book ‘refers to : CD ROM standards.

SCSI (small computer system interface) is related to : Hard disk

19) Which of the following is the most reliable topology ? Mesh Least reliable - Ring.

20) To remove error from A program : testing is done A software : debugging is done.

21) The mouse pointer moves erratically. What is the possible cause ? Ball is dirty

22) ASCII is the most widely used alphanumeric code for computer input and output. ASCII ( American Standard Code for Information Interchange) works in 7-bit. our keyboard works on this.

23) ODBC stands for –Open Database Connectivity.

24) The circuit in the 8085 that provide the arithmetic and logic functions are called –ALU

Processing - CPU Decision making - CU Stores instructions - MU register.

25) Microcontroller is NOT a basic element within the microprocessor.

26) To print a Powerpoint presentation, press the keys: Ctrl + P.

27) PROLOG & LISP (List Processing) : computer language used for artificial intelligence.

28) Computers are classified on the basis of:

WORK: 1. Analog - eg. speedometer 2. Digital - eg. laptop 3. Hybrid - eg. ECG machine

SIZE : 1. Embedded computer - eg. Calculator 2. Micro-computer - eg. Laptop 3. Mini-computer - eg. Device to check PNR at railway station. 4. Mainframe (storage capacity maxm) - eg. ATM's main Server. 5. Supercomputer (manm speed) - used for research eg. Weather forecasting.

29) A hybrid computer is the one having the combined properties of analog and digital computers.

30) The components that process data (CPU) are located in the System Unit.

31) Any component of the computer you can see and touch is hardware.

32) Peripheral devices are connected externally to the computer. example -mouse, printer, keyboard, pendrive.

33) An Input device is a hardware component that allows you to enter data and instructions into a computer.

34) Plotter is an output device used to make/design big banners and flags. Also called as graphics printer.

35) You can use the TAB key to indent a paragraph.

36) Modifier keys - Shift, Ctrl, Alt Toggle keys - Caps lock, Num lock & Scroll lock. Function keys - F1 to F12.

37) Steave Russell promoted the first computer game ‘spacewar’ in 1962.

38) Seymour Cray is known as father of supercomputing laptop.

39) RAM located in Motherboard.

40) Technology used to provide internet by transmitting data over wires of telephone network is DSL (Digital Subscriber Line).

41) Jaap Haartsen was the Founder of Bluetooth.

42) Vint Cerf is known as the father of Internet.

43) Dennis Ritchie created C programming language.

44) Wordstar is first word processor application.

45) John Atanasoff invented first electronic digital computer.

46) Tim Berners-Lee invented World Wide Web.

47) Which type of switching is used in Internet ? Ans. Packet.

48) Who invented keyboard? Ans. Christoper Latham Sholes.

49) James Gosling invented Java.

50) John McCarthy is known as father of Artificial Intelligence.

51) Which is first high level programming language? Ans. FORTRAN.

52) Who developed QWERTY keyboard? Ans. Christopher Latham Sholes.

53) Conversion of analog waves to a digital format is called sound forge.

54) Who is the father of punched card? Ans. Harman Hollireth.

55) When you turn on the computer, the boot routine will perform Power-on self-test.

56) Checking the computer program for errors is called Debugging.

57) Laser printer is a type of Non-impact printing.

58) Tiny droplets of coloured ink and nozzle is associated with? Ans. Inkjet Printer.

59) What type of resource is more likely to be shared common resource in computer network? Ans. Printers.

60) Row in Access table is also known as Record.

61) MS Word is? Ans. Application Software.

62) Who developed basic architecture of computer? Ans. John Von Neuman.

63) What is full form CMOS ? Ans. Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor.

64) MPG is an file extension of which type of files ? Ans. Video.

65) What can be considered as basic building blocks of a digital circuit ? Ans. Logic Gate.

66) A program (as of music or talk) made available in digital format for automatic download over the internet is called podcast.

67) Each IP packet must contain source and destination addresses. IP means Internet Protocol IP address -> logical address IPv4 is of 32 bit IPv6 is of 128 bit used when tracing a mobile to know which network is being used.

Format : 192.168.1.200 (32bit) First octel (here 192) defines class i.e. class C Each octel is of 8bit

Class       Range (0-255) A        1-126(exception 127) B        128 - 191 C        192 - 223 D        224 - 239 E        240 - 255

Class A,B,C are private IPs (used by us) Class D is broadcast IP (used by TV channels) Class E is experimental IP (used by ISRO etc)

exception :If an IP starts with 127, it will be called loopback IP, it is used for diagnosis (for treatment used as ambulance)

ISP - internet service provider

68) HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol) is the communication protocol that sets the standard used by every computer that access web based information.

69) An HTTP request contains 3 parts i.e., start line, Headers, body.

70) documents converted to HTML can be published to the web.

71) Text editor is required to create an HTML document.

72) telnet is a text based computer protocol.

73) Through telnet (Telecommunication Network) an administrator or another user can access someone else's computer remotely.

74) which protocol provides e-mail facility among different hosts? SMTP (simple mail transfer protocol) To send e-mails

FTP (file transfer protocol) used to upload/ download files.

SNMP (Simple network management protocol) used to manage device through IP address.

75) WWWW - World Wide Web Worm.

76) what is a website? A location on the world wide web.