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Red Hat Enterprise Linux From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to navigationJump to search Not to be confused with Red Hat Linux. Red Hat Enterprise Linux Red Hat Enterprise Linux logo-en.svg Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 Workstation showing GNOME Shell 40.png Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.0, showing its desktop environment GNOME 40. Developer	Red Hat, Inc. OS family	Linux (Unix-like) Working state	Current Source model	Open source Initial release	February 22, 2000; 22 years ago[1] Latest release 9:	9.1 / November 15, 2022; 31 days ago 8:	8.7 / November 7, 2022; 39 days ago 7:	7.9 / September 29, 2020; 2 years ago Latest preview	9 Beta / November 3, 2021; 13 months ago[2] Marketing target	Commercial market (servers, mainframes, supercomputers, workstations) Available in	Multilingual Update method	Software Updater Package manager RPM (package format) Yum, DNF[3] (command-line front-ends) yumex, dnfdragora, GNOME Software (graphical front-ends) Platforms	x86-64; ARM64; IBM Z; IBM Power Systems[4] Kernel type	Linux Userland	GNU Default user interface	GNOME Shell, Bash License	Various free software licenses, plus proprietary binary blobs[5] Preceded by	Red Hat Linux Official website	redhat.com/rhel/ Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) is a commercial open-source Linux distribution developed by Red Hat for the commercial market. Red Hat Enterprise Linux is released in server versions for x86-64, Power ISA, ARM64, and IBM Z and a desktop version for x86-64. Fedora Linux serves as its upstream source. All of Red Hat's official support and training, together with the Red Hat Certification Program, focuses on the Red Hat Enterprise Linux platform.

The first version of Red Hat Enterprise Linux to bear the name originally came onto the market as "Red Hat Linux Advanced Server". In 2003, Red Hat rebranded Red Hat Linux Advanced Server to "Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS" and added two more variants, Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES and Red Hat Enterprise Linux WS.

Red Hat uses strict trademark rules to restrict free re-distribution of their officially supported versions of Red Hat Enterprise Linux[6] but still freely provides its source code. Third-party derivatives can be built and redistributed by stripping away non-free components like Red Hat's trademarks. Examples include community-supported distributions like Rocky Linux and AlmaLinux, and commercial forks like Oracle Linux.

Contents 1	Variants 2	Relationship with Fedora Linux 3	Rebuilds 4	Related products and add-ons 5	Version history and timeline 5.1	Naming convention 5.2	RHEL 9 5.3	RHEL 8 5.4	RHEL 7 5.5	RHEL 6 5.6	RHEL 5 5.7	RHEL 4 5.8	RHEL 3 5.9	RHEL 2.1 6	Product life cycle 6.1	Kernel backporting 7	Extended Update Support (EUS) / Z Tree 7.1	Note 7.2	Updates 7.3	RHEL 6 7.4	RHEL 7 7.5	RHEL 8 7.5.1	RHEL 8 application streams 7.6	RHEL 9 8	See also 9	References 10	Further reading 11	External links Variants Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server subscription is available at no cost for development purposes.[7] Developers need to register for the Red Hat Developer Program and agree to license terms forbidding production use. This free developer subscription was announced on March 31, 2016.

There are also "Academic" editions of the Desktop and Server variants.[8] They are offered to schools and students, are less expensive, and are provided with Red Hat technical support as an optional extra. Web support based on the number of customer contacts can be purchased separately.

It is often assumed the branding ES, AS, and WS stand for "Entry-level Server", "Advanced Server" and "Work Station", respectively. The reason for this is that the ES product is indeed the company's base enterprise server product, while AS is the more advanced product. However, nowhere on its site or in its literature does Red Hat say what AS, ES, and WS stand for.

In Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 there are new editions that substitute former Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS/ES/WS/Desktop:[9][10]

Red Hat Enterprise Linux Advanced Platform (former AS) Red Hat Enterprise Linux (former ES) (limited to two CPUs) Red Hat Enterprise Linux Desktop with Workstation and Multi-OS option Red Hat Enterprise Linux Desktop with Workstation option (former WS) Red Hat Enterprise Linux Desktop with Multi-OS option Red Hat Enterprise Linux Desktop (former Desktop) Red Hat had also announced its Red Hat Global Desktop Linux edition "for emerging markets".[11]

RHEL 4, 3, and prior releases had four variants:

Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS for mission-critical/enterprise computer systems. Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES for supported network servers Red Hat Enterprise Linux WS for technical power user enterprise desktops for high-performance computing Red Hat Desktop for multiple deployments of single-user desktops for enterprises.