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= Directed Thinking = Directed thinking, which focuses on the control of specific goals, is a kind of purposeful thinking. Such as the solution to a problem, and be guided by the requirements of that goal.

Relevance
Directed thinking refers to goal-oriented and rational thinking, which often requires a clear goal. One must find a path to the goal and do as much as possible. In general, directed thinking avoids aimless wandering and exploring strange options, and seeks creative solutions.

Divergent Thinking is a form of free association that expresses thoughts, images, and thoughts. This is the thought process needed to generate ideas and horizontal solutions to problems. Sigmund Freud has long identified dreams and daydreams as divergent thinking that is not first and foremost a conventional constraint.

By dividing the human mind into directed and non-directed thinking, it is possible to assess the benefits of both types of thinking and the contribution each makes to the individual or profession. For example, if we are trying to build a personal vision, it is more advantageous to have non-directed thinking that allows time and space for creative thinking to germinate. Then use directed thinking to plan the resulting creative ideas.

Cultivating
Self-control and the accommodation of desires, as well as the ability to think deeply and act based on rational conclusions, depend on directed thinking. Therefore, everyone needs to have access to it. The powerful pain-regulating energy may cause the contained thinking cells to be attracted to objective consciousness as their preservation tends to suppress and forget the food that produces the pain. Therefore, in order for directed thinking to gain sufficient attention and form a habit, it should be associated with the satisfaction of other strong desires when it is used.

It should be made as pleasant as possible by association. Therefore, being able to know one's thoughts and destiny should make meaningful drives highly satisfying. Studying these events about directed thinking can tap into their energy. Through such connections, directed thinking becomes habitual when it becomes pleasurable enough.

The more distractions, the harder it is to concentrate; When there is a crisis in life, it is difficult for people to pay enough attention to the daily work to complete. In this case, the stimulation from the outside or the inside is enough to generate powerful energy to replace the charge we can generate through directed attention.

Therefore, when we focus our minds on one thing, we lose much vitality and soon feel tired. Not only does directed thinking requires the kind of electrical energy consumed in fantasy thinking to vibrate brain cells properly, but it must also use enough to overcome other impulses that compete for objective attention.

Because overcoming this resistance requires much electrical energy, and because this thinking is a relatively new biological process, directed thinking is a challenging task.

Application
Directed thinking begins with the assumption that it faces a well-defined problem. It helps some psychologists in the field of games and puzzles, such as chess.

When training children in grade 4 and 5 to accept self-directed, critical thinking, it was found that the application of thinking skills provided fertile ground for experimental children to improve the quality of final answers. Experiments suggest that when self-directed, critical thinking skills are effectively applied to a new problem, it becomes an opportunity to use and exploit information, as well as to improve quality and answer. Put the thinking skills to work. Until the child is trained to use self-suggestion skills, skills have nothing to do with the quality of the response. Then the relationship became very close. The relationship between self-orientation and information use increased, as did the relationship between self-orientation in thinking skills and the quality of children's responses.

By incorporating self-directed thinking into the curriculum, students will explore the strategies of human thought and the extent to which they can modulate it. Self-directed thinking is the controlling factor of metacognition and the main component of intellectual activities, including knowledge and thinking consciousness. Metacognition makes students realize that learning opportunities are twice as effective as teaching.

In order to better understand the positive and negative effects of religion on mental health, the article divided three religious coping styles. Self-directed thinking and cooperative styles are associated with higher self-esteem and a greater sense of personal control. People with high expectations have more ways and means to achieve their goals than people with low expectations. Furthermore, similar to high expectations, those who use self-directed thinking and collaborative approaches tend to have more of their resources, so these people create more ways to accomplish their goals than those who follow God.

Potential hazard
Research from previous studies of future-directed thinking in depressed people has shown that depressed people produce fewer expected future positive events. The study aimed to compare the positive and negative future-directed thinking of depressed people who had not exhibited suicidal thoughts or intentions with a group of non-depressed people who were matched.

People who suffer from depression always have a pessimistic and distrustful view of their future. This clinical observation is emphasized in several concepts of depression and forms a core part of the cognitive theory of depression. Future-directed thinking can be regarded as one of the concepts of despair, which is a feature of mental health problems and is related to the causes of suicidal behaviors.

The findings support the idea that depression is characterized by cognitive biases associated with positive future events. From a clinical perspective, especially in the sample of mild to moderate depression, the possibility that comorbid anxiety affects the evaluation and reporting of expected future adverse events cannot be ruled out. Mild to moderate depressive symptoms may affect the expectation of positive events, while the expectation of adverse events increases only in the presence of severe depression or anxiety symptoms.

Macleod(1999) further suggests that reduced activity in the emotional system, which regulates behavior may be one reason why depressed patients produce fewer positive events in the future. Research into future thinking may also have an impact on the treatment of depression. For example, ongoing research suggests that specific training may be an effective way to treat depression, while in cognitive behavioral therapy, future-directed thinking will be ubiquitous in cognitive work.

Contrast non-directed thinking
Directed thinking is a kind of reality-oriented thinking, both in content adaptation and communicative purpose. Any kind of dense thinking is more or less expressed in language, that is, if people want to express it or make people believe that it exists. This is obviously pointing outward. To this extent, directed thinking or logical thinking is realistic thinking, an adaptation to reality through our successive imitations of objective reality, so that these images occur in our minds one after another in the same strict sequence of cause-and-effect events. Such thinking is guided by the ego, but it is easy to get tired. Because it requires a lot of conscious effort to maintain.

On the other hand, the indirect or fanciful mind is' supra-verbal 'to Jung, moving between images and feelings that cannot be expressed. The flow of fantasy does not tire the ego, 'it is spontaneous work, content ready at all times, guided by unconscious motives'. Such thinking 'deviates from reality, sets free subjective inclinations, and as for adaptation, is futile'.

“Jung's view that the flow of images constituting non-directed thought involves an objective layer of the unconscious was a departure from Freud theory and in part heralds the direction of his future work.” Undirected thought may be a relatively conscious phenomenon, such as in daydreams or fantasies, or in dreams that are more unconscious in our sleep, or in fully unconscious fantasies in a divided complex. These systems have a distinct tendency to constitute themselves as independent personalities. Thus, the tendency of modern directed thinking to encourage the suppression of our ancient side may go a long way and need to be restored in the coming years. With Vygotsky, however, we shall see the role of ancient existence in immediate thought itself. The collective, through considerable effort, has gained a great deal of objective knowledge, that is, consensual knowledge, which has been instilled in society through classroom experience.

The ancients, with the exception of a few outstanding examples, were interested in the total incapacity of inanimate matter conversion and the natural processes of artificial reproduction. This alone means they can gain control of the forces of nature. They lack the training to think directly. The secret of cultural development lies in the fluidity and disposability of spiritual energy. Directed thinking is more or less a modern habit that was lacking in earlier times. What happens when we don't think directly? Our thoughts will lack all the dominant thoughts and the resulting sense of direction. Instead of forcing our minds to follow a narrow path, we let them float by their own weight. In Kuelpe's view, thought is an "inner act of the will, whose absence inevitably leads to an automatic game of the mind." William James argued that undirected thinking, or "mere associative" thinking, was a common way of thinking.

So we have two modes of thinking, directed thinking and fantasy thinking. The former uses the verbal elements of communication, which are difficult and energy-consuming, while the latter is effortless, with content ready at all times and guided by unconscious motives. Innovate and adapt, replicate reality, and strive to practice. Another subjective tendency, which is divorced from reality and set free, is ineffective in adaptation.

R-Directed Thinking
Essentially, the left and right sides of the brain control different areas of the body. But when it comes to thought processes, not just physical control, the two are very different. The left side produces "L-Directed Thinking". L-Directed Thinking is sequential, textual, functional, and analytical; Another method is "R-Directed Thinking", which is controlled by the right side of the brain. R-Directed Thinking is simultaneous, metaphorical, aesthetic, contextual and synthetic. Although L-Directed Thinking works well in the knowledge age (such as accountants, stockbrokers, computer programmers, and traditional librarians). We are moving away from the age of knowledge and into the "age of concept". Think of it this way. The domain coin of the knowledge age is MBA. MFA is the new coin of the concept age. To excel in the concept age, one must "master R-Directed Thinking and master high-concept, high-touch talent."

The process of thought
Another temporary concept of thinking applies terms to any sequence of cryptic symbolic responses (that is, human organism that can represent missing events). If such a sequence is intended to solve a particular problem and meet reasoning criteria, it is called directed thinking. Reasoning is the process of combining the results of two or more different past learning experiences to produce new behaviors. Directed thinking contrasts with other conforming sequences that have different functions, such as simple recall of past events.

Increasingly, people are realizing that the basic building blocks of the thought process, the events that drive the thought process in a productive direction, are not words or images or other symbols of the stimulus. Rather, they are the operations that cause these representations to be inherited by the next volume, in accordance with the constraints imposed by the problem or the current objective. In other words, directed thinking can only reach a solution through properly ordered "legal steps." These steps may represent physical and chemical changes that can be achieved, logical or mathematical modifications allowed by rules of inference or legal moves in chess.

At the beginning of the 20th century, the French physician Édouard Claparède and the American philosopher John Dewey both argued that directed thinking was "implicit trial-and-error“. That is, it is analogous to a process in which laboratory animals faced with a new problem try one response after another until sooner or later they arrive at a response that leads to success. In thinking, however, experiments are said to take the form of internal reactions (imagined or conceptualized courses of action, symbolic search directions); Once implemented, the systems of thought that often constitute solutions can be recognized as solutions without the need to implement them through actions and sampling of external consequences. This theory was popular among behaviourists and neobehaviourists was strongly opposed by the Gestalt school of thought, which emphasized the discovery of holistic solutions.