User:Ximenez Kin/三墳五典八索九丘

The Three Fen, Five Canons, Eight Suo and Nine Qiu (三墳、五典、八索、九丘) are terms wich indicate the earliest records of ancient China.

Historical accounts
''
 * Zuozhuan, Zhao 20: [ King Ling of Chu praised Right Scribe Yi Xiang, saying] "This is a fine scribe, you had better look on him well. He can read the Three Fen, Five Canons, Eight Suo and Nine Qiu."''
 * Du Yu annotated this, writing: "these are the all the names of ancient texts."
 * Shangshu, Postface: As for the texts of Fuyi, Shennong, and Huangdi, these are the Three Fen. They speak of the Great Way. As for the texts of Shaohao, Zhuanxu, Gaoxin (Ku), Tang (Yao), and Yu (Shun), these are the Five Canons... As for what discusses the eight trigrams, it is the Eight Suo, which seeks their meanings. As for the records of the Nine Isles, these are the Nine Qiu；"Qiu" (丘) means "to gather, converge" (聚), referring to the fact that the places where the Nine Isles exist, where earth and land is born, and where the climate is pleasant all converge in this text."
 * The Tang dynasty scholar Kong Yingda in his commentary wrote: "The Kong Anguo Shangshu Postface states: As for the texts of Fuyi, Shennong, and Huangdi, these are the Three Fen. They speak of the Great Way. As for the texts of Shaohao, Zhuanxu, Gaoxin (Ku), Tang (Yao), and Yu (Shun), these are the Five Canons. They speak of the Eternal Way. As for what discusses the eight trigrams, it is the Eight Suo, which seeks their meanings. As for the records of the Nine Isles, these are the Nine Qiu；"Qiu" (丘) means "to gather, converge" (聚), referring to the fact that the places where the Nine Isles exist, where earth and land is born, and where the climate is pleasant all converge in this text." The Chu Right Scribe Yi Xiang could read the Three Fen, Five Canons, Eight Suo and Nine Qiu, which is referring to the lost texts of past rulers. In The Rites of Zhou [it is written]: "The External Secretary is in charge of the texts of the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors," to which Zheng Xuan annotated: "These are the Three Fen and Five Canons to which King Ling of Chu referred. Jia Kui annotated: "TheThree Fen are the texts of the Three Kings; the Five Canons are the canons of the the Five Emperors; the Eight Suo are the models of the Eight Kings; the Nine Qiu are the precepts of the lost states of the Nine Isles." Yan Duyan and Zhang Pingzi wrote, "The Three Fen, that is to say the Three Rites Classics. Rites are as a great embankment. Erya states: ""fen" (墳): dike, embankment." The Documents states: "As for what can accompany Us in carrying out the three rites, that is to say the three rites of Heaven, Earth, and Man. As for the Five Canons, they are the Eternal Way of the Five Emperors. As for the Eight Suo, it sets out the Eight Deliberations on Punishments of the Rites of Zhou. "Suo" (索) means "kong" (空) as in "set them out in vain." As for the Nine Qiu,  it sets out the Nine Punishments of The Rites of Zhou. "Qiu" means means "kong" (空), again as in "set them out in vain."" Ma Rong wrote: "The Three Fen, these are the three kinds of vital energies which come forth of yin and yang, which are the vital energies of Heaven, Earth and Man. The Five Canons, these are the Five Phases. The Eight Suo, these are the eight trigrams. The Jiu Qiu, these are the numerological methods of the Nine Isles." As for these various scholars, they all speak based on opinion and none offer evidence or investigation. Du [Yu] did not trust them, thus I say [only] that they are all the titles of texts."

Later references



 * Gujin Tushu Jicheng - Monarchs - The Annals of the Taihao and Fuxi Clan: quoting the ancient [Three Fen] text: "I order my servants the Flying Dragon clan to create six texts. I order my servants the Diving Dragon clan to create a calendar... sincethe dragon comes out and sth offices,... I order the Descending Dragon Clan to lead the common people. I order the Water Dragon clan to peacefully manage the water and soil. I order the Fire Dragon clan to ... manage the use of implements. Since [the people] lived over a vast area and established settlements, the people of the realm the Heavenly Sovereign Taishao and Fuxi."




 * Wenxuan Juan, 17:


 * 《文選卷》第十七：「佇中區以玄覽，頤情志於典墳...左氏傳，楚子曰：左史倚相能讀三墳、五典. 遵四時以歎逝，瞻萬物而思紛. 」
 * Wenxin Diaolong, 1:


 * 《文心雕龍．卷一》：「自鳥跡代繩，文字始炳，炎皞遺事，紀在三墳....皇世三墳，帝代五典，重以八索，申以九邱」.
 * Yuan Mei once wrote a couplet: "


 * 袁枚曾有對聯：「此地有叢山峻嶺茂林修竹，是能讀三墳五典八索九丘」.
 * Yang Jiong (Tang dynasty) in Congdi Quyi Muzhiming wrote:
 * Zhao Zhenyuan (Ming dynasty) in Wei Aishi Ji Aishi Yu (Ai Ke Li Zi) Xianfu wrote:

唐•楊炯 《從弟去溢墓誌銘》：「若夫羽陵遺策，汲塚殘書，倚相之《八索》、《九丘》，張華之千門萬戶，莫不山藏海納，學無所遺. 」 明•趙振元《為袁氏祭袁石寓（袁可立子）憲副》：「以故《九丘》、《八索》，淹為精華. 」