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= History of Asia =

Xia Dynasty
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The Xia dynasty (Chinses: 夏朝 Pingying: Xia Chao ) is the first dynasty in traditional Chinese historiography. Had existed in China until 1600 BCE. According to tradition, the Xia dynasty was established by the legendary Yu the Great, after Shun, the last of the Five Emperors gave the throne to him. The Xia Dynasty extends from the western part of Henan Province and the southern part of Shanxi Province in the west to the junction of Henan Province, Shandong Province, and Hebei Province in the east, to the northern part of Hubei Province in the south, and the southern part of Hebei Province in the north. The Xia dynasty was a transitional period from a confederation of city-states to a feudal state and therefore had no clear national boundaries. The relation between the Xia family and other city-states were like suzerainty and tribute states, but others were divided by the Xia family as if they were vassals, so their influence could only be expressed in terms of spheres of influence.

The Xia Dynasty was founded on the ruins of a primitive social system. In the process of the gradual disintegration of the primitive tribal system, the patriarchal family became a destructive force, because the hereditary kingship and the hereditary nobility of the hereditary state were gradually developed based on the patriarchal family. Therefore, after the formation of the states, aristocratic organization at all levels continued to maintain the old blood ties and to make strict distinctions between family names.

Republic of China (Mainland Period 1912-1949)
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After the 1911 Revolution, the Revolutionary Party established a provisional government in Nanjing and elected Sun Yat-sen as the provisional president. However, for more than two months, from January 1 to February 12, 1912, there were actually two regimes in China, and from a diplomatic point of view, the Qing government remained the legitimate government of China and was recognized by the Western Countries during this period.

The Republic of China had border conflicts with its neighbors, except for World War II, since the Qing Dynasty with the Soviet Union in Xinjiang Mongolia The Northeast part of China, and with Britain in Tibet. The Republic of China sent a small number of troops to participate in World War I during the Peiyang government Period. During World War II, there were disagreements and conflicts with the Soviet Union and Great Britain over the western border, and some of these issues were resolved by force even during the time of the People's Republic of China.

Second Sino-Japanese War (War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression)
The Second Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945) or (1931-1945) was a military conflict that was primarily waged between the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan. In 1937, Japan launched the Lugouqiao Incident and began a full-scale invasion of China. The East China Plain and Northeast China were occupied by Japan, including Nanjing, the capital of the Republic of China. The Republic of China government moved the capital to Chongqing, which became the wartime capital of China.

On December 7, 1941, after Japan launched the Pacific War, the Government of the Republic of China formally declared war on Japan December 9. On August 15, 1945, Japan unconditionally surrendered to the Allied Powers.