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Sandbox 10

Japanese submarines of WWI
The first Japanese submarines were numbered consecutively on completion regardless of class/type; they were re-numbered between 1924 and 1927 according to a new classification scheme. Large (over 1000t displacement = First class (I-); Medium (500-1000t) = Second class (Ro-); Third class (under 500t) = Third class (Ha-).

British submarines of WWI
The British submarine fleet of the First World War was, at the start of hostilities, the largest in  the world, with some 100 vessels in commission and ... under construction, despite being a new service (just 12 years old from the first submarine commissioned). During the conflict the RN produced a large number of standard vessels, as well as a range of innovative vessels for the various tasks the submarine was thought suitable for; many of these were ahead of their time.

Classes

 * Holland class: ordered in 1901, built under licence from John Holland's Electric Boat company by Vickers of Barrow. 5 vessels built, each showing incremental changes towards a design acceptable to the Royal Navy. Single-hulled, petrol/electric engines, no conning tower, little reserve of buoyancy (2% only). Stricken prior to 1914.
 * A class: 13 vessels built under … programme, completed in … . The first Admiralty type (known as Vickers type overseas), built by Vickers. 190t surface displacement, around 100ftin length.
 * B-class: 11 vessels built under … programme, completed in 1904-6. Larger than A-class, to improve handling and sea-keeping. Had forward hydroplanes added during construction; first mounted on the conning tower, later moved to bow, which became part of standard design for future. No internal bulkheads which affeccted habitability. Improved buoyancy (10%) 287t, 142ft
 * C class: 38 vessels built under … programme, completed in 1905-10. built by Vickers and at RN Dockyard, Chatham. Buoyancy 10%, 287t, 143ft
 * D class: 10 vessels ordered under … programme, 8 completed between 1907-10, while the last 2 became first of E class. Intended to operate beyond coastal waters, had diesel engines, twin screws, saddle tanks, improved habitability, res buoyancy 20%. Also fitted with a deck gun, in a disappearing mount; this feature was later discarded, and deck guns were mounted on the hull. Built by Vickers and at RN Dockyard, Chatham.483 t,  163ft
 * E class: ordered under … programme, 15 built up to outbreak of war; design became standard as war emergency orders increased numbers to 58. Design improvements led to division into 3 sub-classes as war progressed. Built by 12 different yards as expertise in submarine construction was spread. Followed by L class. 665T, 175ft
 * S, W, and V classes: Three small classes ordered to examine overseas design types. S class (3 boats) built by Scotts to Italian Laurenti design; W class (4 boats) built by Whitworths to French Laubeuf design; V class (3 boats) built by Vickers to their own design for comparison. Double-hulled, 400-ish tons
 * F class: Ordered 1913, 3 built, 5 csncelled. coastal submarine Admiralty design based on trials of S, W and V types.
 * G class: 15 ordered ? under War Emergency programme. Intended as ocean-going vessels, built with partial double hull to improve sea-keeping, though further modifications found necessary. Built by 4 yards; 1 from Whites cancelled. 703t, 187ft
 * H class: ordered from EBC in US under WE Programme. Holland-type, single hulled. Fell foul of US neutrality laws; 10 built in Canada under licence, but a further 10 built in US were impounded. Later, when US entered the war, another 24 built in Britain 1917-18
 * Nautilus (N1), Swordfish (S1) ordered .... experimental boats, built as Fleet Submarine prototypes. Nautilus diesel/electric, kn t  ft. Swordfish steam/electric kn  t  ft.
 * J class: 8 ordered ? 1914 programme 6 completed 1916, 1 more 1917. Followed on from N, intended as Fleet submarine. Enlarged hull to accommodate three shaft power plant. Max surface speed 19kn, not fast enough for fleet operations. 1200T, 274ft
 * K class: designed 1913, but not laid down until trials with N&S completed; ordered 1915, completed 1917 onwards. 17 boats, 4 cancelled (built as M class). steam powered, double-hulled, res buoyancy 32.5%  24kn 1980t 339ft
 * L class: ordered ..., improved E-class design. 73 planned, 27 completed 1917-19. 3 sub-classes. 890t, 222ft
 * M class: ordered ... designed as submarine monitor; carried 12in gun.
 * R class: ordered … 12 built 1917-18. Designed as hunter-killer, with high submerged performance; streamlined, large battery cap = 21kn submerged. 420t, 163ft

French submarines of WWI
The French submarine fleet of FWW was one of the largest, after the RN, and the most diverse. The French Navy had a long history of/experience with submarines and had built up a large and diverse fleet of vessels. At the outbreak of hostilities there were … in service and another … under construction. By 1914 the FN had already built, operated and stricken as obsolescent some 30 vessels. At the wars end France had lost … submarines, and had built ….

Classes
(mod Emeraude
 * pioneering submarines: P G M  N  stricken by 1914
 * Farfadet class: 4 vessels, Maugas type built at stricken by 1914
 * Morse class: 2 vessels, Romazotti type built at stricken by 1914
 * Sirene class: 4 vessels, Laubeuf type built at
 * Naiade class: 20 vessels, Romazotti type, built at.. stricken by 1914
 * X, Y, Z : three experimental vessels
 * Aigrette : 2 vessels,Laubeuf type; built at Toulon
 * Omega/Argonaute : one vessel, Bertin type; built at
 * Emeraude : 5 vessels, Maugas type; built at
 * Circe : 2 vessels, Laubeuf type; built at
 * Guepe : vessels, type; built at
 * Pluviose : 18 vessels, Laubeuf type; built at C, R, T
 * Brumaire : 16 vessels, Laubeuf type; built at C, R, T
 * Archimede : one vessel, Hutter type; built at Cherbourg
 * Mariotte : one vessel, Radiguet type; built at
 * Adm Bourgois : one vessel, Bourdelle type; built at
 * Charles Brun : one vessel, Maurice type; built at
 * Clorinde : 2 vessels, Radiguet type; built at Rochefort
 * Gustave Zede : 2 vessels, Simonet type; built at Cherbourg two vessels, differ in power plant; GZ steam/electric, Nereide diesel/electric
 * Amphitrite : vessels, type; built at ?
 * Bellone : vessels, type; built at ?
 * Dupuy du Lome : 2 vessels, type; built at ?
 * Diane : 2 vessels, Hutter type; built at Toulon
 * Armide : 3 vessels, Laubeuf type; built at Schneider
 * Joessel : 2 vessels, Simonet type; built at Cherbourg
 * Lagrange : 4 vessels, Hutter type; built at Toulon

Italian submarines of WWI
The Italian submarine fleet of WWI was a large and diverse force, representing the Regia Marina's long experience with submarines. At the outbreak of hostilities there were … in service and another … under construction. At the wars end Italy had lost … submarines, and had built ….

German submarines of WWI
The German U-boat fleet of WWI, after a modest beginning, grew to be the largest of the conflict and was active /instrumental in prosecuting the IGN's commerce war (handelskrieg) against Britain and her allies.

Russian submarines of WWI

 * First World War submarines of the Imperial Russian Navy
 * RUSSIAN SUBMARINE Delfin || Bubnov 1902-1917 single vessel (dolphin)
 * Som-class submarine | Holland 1905-1913 |7 vessels |(catfish)
 * Kasatka-class submarine |Bubnov 1904-1922 |6 vessels (killer whale/orca)
 * RUSSIAN SUBMARINE Minoga |Bubnov 1908-1922 |single vessel (Lamphrey)
 * RUSSIAN SUBMARINE Akula |Bubnov 1907-1915 single vessel (shark)
 * Karp-class submarine |Krupp-Germania 1907-1919 3  vessels (Carp)
 * Kaiman-class submarine |Lake 1906-1918 4 vessels (cayman)
 * RUSSIAN SUBMARINE Krab |Nalyotov | 1912-1919 | single vessel (crab)
 * Morzh-class submarine |Bubnov |1914-1931 |3 vessel (walrus)
 * Bars-class submarine (1915) |Bubnov |1914-1941 |24 vessel (leopard)
 * Narval class | Holland (31A) |1914-1919 | 3 vessels | (narwhal)
 * A (AG) class |Holland (602) |19116- | 11 vessels | (numbered only)


 * Pre-war submarines of the Imperial Russian Navy
 * Russian submarine Forel (Krupp-Germania type 1904-1910)
 * Osetr-class submarines (6 vesels, Lake type 1905-1913)
 * Russian submarine Pochtovy (Drzewiecki type 1908-1913)

Pioneering vessels (19th century)
 * see list of pre-20th century submarines