User:Yasamin Rahmani/sandbox

Sexual Dimorphism in KNDy neurone populations
KNDy neurons are most densely located in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of the hypothalamus, but also exist in the rostral periventricular area of third ventricle (RP3V)  and the preoptic area (POA). Among the findings, expression of the KNDy peptides highlighted has been shown to differentiate between species, sexes and with fluctuating steroidal hormonal levels. Improvements in immunohistochemistry and deep-brain imaging techniques have enabled us to also gain greater information about KNDy cell populations using 3D imagery and it has shown there are also sexual dimorphism in the populations of KNDy. Greater numbers of KNDy neurons have been found in the female ARC, than the male ARC. The RP3V is composed of the anteroventral periventricular nucleus (APVN) and the preoptic periventricular nucleus, where KNDy neurones have been shown to be sexually dimorphic. KNDy populations and sexual dimporphism within them have been found within most species studied, including humans, but presence in the RP3V is primarily associated with research done in rodents, and again more KNDy population have been found here in female rodents than male rodents.