User:Yasemin-alkassem/Immunofluorescence

Immunofluorescence is a technique that allows visualization most of the elements in any cell type or tissue, This technique is depend on the usage of specific antibodies to mark their antigen through fluorescent dyes as an example cyanine dye and fluorescein isothiocyanate, by utilizing of fluorescence microscope, the fluorescent dye enables it to see the target distribution in the samples. The antigen can be recognized by the antibody with specific region called an epitope. Two of the aspects of antigen-antibody specificity,1-epitope can be recognized by two different antibodies, 2- two unrelated epitopes can recognize single antibody. Epitope induction into proteins can be used in conjunction with immunofluorescence to determine structures when the topology of a cell membrane has not yet been established. Fluorophore are used as detection reagents in applications such as flow cytometry when conjugated with antibodies. However, the relationship between an antibody and an epitope involves numerous non-covalent interactions, the capacity of antibodies to bind almost any non-self-surface with elegant selectivity and high affinity is not only essential for immunity, but has also made epitopes an incredibly useful tool in biomedical research, experimental biology, diagnostics, and therapy. In order to perform immunofluorescence, a specific immunostaining technique in conjunction with laser scanning microscopy was used.

Immunofluorescence can be used on cell suspensions, cultured cell lines, and on specific targets in tissues samples or entire organisms, to examine the allocation of biological molecules like nucleic acids, proteins, and glycans. This technique can even be used to visualize structures such as intermediate-sized filaments.