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Navanga Is the one of the lindi rural wad which contains four villagers which are Navanga,Nampunga,Mongomongo and shuka. About MONGOMONGO:1. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF MONGOMONGO VILLAGE.

Mongomongo village present before second world war but discovered during second world war while Tanganyika under Germany colon, this is evidenced by the old stone cave located 2.54kilometer from the village which was used as well and the properties found in. During second world war villagers goes to hide themselves into the cave, so as Germany cannot find them but they were left one old women whom believe that she is disable but that was the mistake for them because the old women she can talk so gave Germany direction to the cave so Germany goes to destroy that cave by fire and bombs led to death of all villagers into the cave, up 1970 people migrates from other place to that village to form other generation. In 1974 operation of village introduced. Mongomongo village is the rural natural village which was present even before operation of villages which was introduced by Mwalimu Julius Kambarage Nyerere in 1974. The name Mongomongo is originated from the stone cave which was used as the well even before war, but by that time the cave had small opening which used for entrance and exit from the cave that makes people bend during pass at the door [opening] led people fill backache and says kupweteka mongo, jamani mongo in local language [Makonde] that means I’m fell backache as the days goes people changes that world and says mongo jamani mongo and then jama mongo..mongo so led that cave called mongomongo and that cave is the nature of that village and the village known as MONGOMONGO. Figure:01; A map show mongomongo well. Before the operation of the villages, Mongomongo village had school, and the village was governed under the chief. 2.0 GEOGRAPHICAL FEATURES OF CATCHMENT AREA OF MONGOMONGO VILLAGE.

2.1 LOCATION. Mongomongo village is located at eastern part of lindi rural district in Lindi region in Navanga wad nearby Indian ocean, has 805.91meter long and 398.25meter wide. Is about 17.08 kilometer from lindi town to mongomongo village. Figure:02;A map show navanga wad Mongomongo village consist four hamlets which are Mongomongo, Mtohutohu, Mang’ang’a and Pwani. Is about 4.75kilometer from mongomongo village to pwani hamlet, 2.75kilometer from mongomongo village to mang’ang’a hamlet. Figure:03; a map show mongomongo village.

2.2 BOUNDERIES. Mongomongo village is bounded with Navanga village on the northern west part, is about 6.19kilometer from mongomongo to navanga village, on southern part there is Nachunyu village, is about 9.32kilometer from mongomongo to navanga, on southern east part there is Lideko village, is about 6.17kilometer from mongomongo to lideko village, and on the northern west part there is Shuka village, is about 6.03kilometer from mongomongo to shuka village.

2.3 PHYSICAL ENVIROMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF MONGOMONGO VILLAGE. 2.3.1 WATER. The main sources of water at Mongomongo village are well, where the people of Mongomongo village are receiving water. By that time there was one well known as mongomongo well but now days people build well for collecting rain water because of distance from home to the well and water to be salt so is not good for use it.

2.3.2 SANITATION NUMBER AND QUALITY OF TOILETS Most of Mongomongo villagers have moderate quality of toilets but few of them have poor quality of toilets and few also have good quality of toilet. UTILIZATION Large number of people living at Mongomongo village they are using effectively the toilets. WASTE DISPOSAL PRACTICE Most of Mongomongo villagers they have no pits for waste disposal practice but they dispose the waste in the forest.

ACCESSIBILITY OF WATER Generally, water in this village is not accessible due to long distance from village to the well even if now most of the villagers use rain water which collected during summer but they suffer during dry season. WATER PROTECTION The water sources at Mongomongo village are protected at the well villagers have special roles and regulation which govern all security, even at home well are protected by building Caro with stone or blocks and cement and covered by iron steel.

WATER SAFETY Water used at Mongomongo village is not safe because they neither boil nor treat water because they believe that water they use is already purified but in reality they drink clean water and not safe water. So we advised them how to make safe water by boiling method.

ADEQUECY The water at Mongomongo village is not enough to meet the needs to all villagers, because during dry season villagers must to go at Mongomongo well which is very far and water is not simple to get because during day from 11am up to 3pm the well had automatically rapid breathing so people cannot enter.

2.3.3 HOUSING (TYPE, VENTILATION AND ADEQUACY) At Mongomongo village most families have semi-permanent houses and few has permanent houses and most few are living in temporary houses. Many semi-permanent houses have good ventilation to allow passage of air and light within their houses. Also at Mongomongo village there is adequacy houses according to the number of families within the village. 2.3.4 SAFETY (UNLAWFUL EVENT AND WILD ANIMAL ATTACKS) At Mongomongo village most houses are not safe enough to afford in case of any hazards like earthquake, wind and heavy rain fall especially those temporally and semi-permanent houses. In case of wild animal attacks there is no any report concerning with animal attacks at Mongomongo village.

2.3.5 SOIL CONSERVATION (AFORESTATION AND DEFORESTATION BEHAVIOURS) Most areas in Mongomongo village had big natural forest but villagers and neighbor are practice more in deforestation, they cut down trees for use of firewood, charcoal, lumbering, for agricultural activities like preparation of farms and use of buildings.

2.4 CLIMATIC CONDITIONS Mongomongo village receive rainfall from December to April then it is followed by dry season from May to November, so during winter season there is no more rainfall, so we discovered that the climatic condition at Mongomongo village is TROPICAL which can be characterized by one season of rainfall, short types of vegetation and forest are found to that area.

January	February	March	April	May	June	July	August	September	October		November	                                         December Avg. Temperature (°C)	27.4	27.6	27.5		26.2	25	24.6	24.7	25	26	27.2	27.7 Min. Temperature (°C)	23.8	23.7	23.4	23	21.5	19.6	19.1	19.4	20.2	21.7	23.2	23.9 Max. Temperature (°C)	31.1	31.5	31.6	31.2	30.9	30.4	30.1	30.1	29.8	30.3	31.3	31.6 Avg. Temperature (°F)	81.3	81.7	81.5	80.8	79.2	77.0	76.3	76.5	77.0	78.8	81.0	81.9 Min. Temperature (°F)	74.8	74.7	74.1	73.4	70.7	67.3	66.4	66.9	68.4	71.1	73.8	75.0 Max. Temperature (°F)	88.0	88.7	88.9	88.2	87.6	86.7	86.2	86.2	85.6	86.5	88.3	88.9 Precipitation / Rainfall (mm)	153	144	168	165	   34	    9	   8	     9	    13	     22	    53	     132

2.5 IMPORTANT LANDMARKS. The important landmarks which are found in Mongomongo village is river Chovi which is located on the north-western part of the village, and Indian ocean which is located on northern part of the village, another important landmark is old stone cave which is used as well which is found on the eastern part to the area between Mtohutohu and Mang’ang’a hamlet which known as MONGOMONGO WELL that’s gives village name. 2.6 ANY OTHER RELEVANT INFORMATION Even if they haven’t roads but they struggle for contract, cleans and correct their rough and bad rods for transportation in important places like school and health center at the near village Nachunyu and Shuka for Dispensary.

3.0 DEMOGRAPHIC INFORMATION 3.1 TOTAL POPULATION Total population of Mongomongo village in number is 561, male is 293 and female is 268. The total number of house hold is 159.

3.1.2 AGE DISTRIBUTION AT MONGOMONGO VILLAGE ON 2012. SUB-VILLAGE NAME	NUMBER OF HOUSE HOLD	NUMBER OF MALE	NUMBER OF FEMALE	GLAND TOTAL MONGOMONGO	67	125	139	264 MTOHUTOHU	59	117	119	236 MANG’ANG’A	10	20	8	28 PWANI	23	27	6	33 GLAND TOTAL	159	293	268	561

AGE	    0     -     5	   6       -         17	   18     -    59	60 AND  ABOVE GENDER	   M	     F	     M	    F	     M	    F	     M	    F NUMBER	48	41	109	94	113	 120	23	12

3.1.3 GENDER. At Mongomongo village there is distribution of activities for both women and men. Activities performed by women are like cooking, fetching water for domestic purpose, collecting firewood for cooking and taking care for the children. Also activities performed by the men is taking care for goat’s, building houses, cutting off trees for building, activities performed by all men and women are like cultivation, fishing, taking some crops for selling. 3.2.0 POPULATION GROWTH INCLUDING (CRUDE BIRTH RATE) At Mongomongo village the population growth including crude birth rate in the 2014 as shown below.

The table below shows the total birth in 2014. MONTHS	JAN	FEB	MAR	APR	MAY	JUN	JUL	AUG	SEP	OCT	NOV	DEC LIVE BIRTH	04	03	 02	03	03	02	02	02	01	01	02	01 So total birth per year was 26. CBR= Total number of live birth per year x factor Total mid-year population Note: Mid-year population          =   Total birth per year 2                                                =26      =    13                                                    2                         Therefore mid-year population   =    13 So   CBR = Total number of live birth per year x factor Total midyear population = 26x100 13                 =2600             =200.                       13             Therefore, CBR per year is 200:100 3.3.0 MORTALITY AND MOBIDITY (INCLUDING CDR, IMR, U5MR, MMR) 3.3.1 CRUDE DEATH RATE (CDR) 2017. From MTUHA number 13 which is postnatal delivery there is no any document show about crude death rate 3.3.2 INFANT MORTALITY RATE (IMR) 2017. IMR =Total number of death under 1year x factor Total number of live birth per year. =1 x 100             =3.84 26 Therefore, IMR =3.84

3.3.3 UNDER FIVE MORTALITY RATE (U5MR). According to the data recorded since 2014 up to 2017 there is no any under-five death rates in Mongomongo village at Shuka dispensary. 3.3.4 MATERNAL MORTALITY RATE (MMR). According to the data recorded since 2014 there is no any report of maternal Death in Mongomongo village.

7. COMMON HEALTH PROBLEMS These are the common health problems facing mongomongo village. 	 Un adequate and Drinking unsafe water. 	Poor transport and communication. 	Poor health care services. 	Diseases such as malaria, UTI, HIV/AIDS and Diarrhea 	Poor environmental sanitation. 	Early marriage. 	Poor knowledge of using mosquito nets. 	Inadequate use of family planning methods among the community members. 	Poor disposing system of waste materials.

8.0 NUTRITION STATUS ASSESSMENT Most villagers get three meals per day, and the meals are taken during later morning, afternoon and evening. The main foods which are normally eaten by people of Mongomongo village are like ugali, cassava, rice, vegetables, fish, and fruits. At Mongomongo village there is specific dietary practice which is done for last term pregnant and lactating woman which is cooked mixed food of millet and peas known as masaza but there is no specific dietary practice for children, and elders. But food is prepared for all family members for the whole community. 9.0 ECONOMIC STATUS (MAIN SOURCE OF INCOME} At Mongomongo village, people are depending on cultivation, livestock keeping, fishing and trade as their source of income, and the most preferable crops which are grown at Mongomongo village is ufuta, ground nuts, maize, cashew nuts, bananas, coconuts, peas, cassava and millet. And some of villagers are engaging in hunting of animals. But the main source of income is agriculture.

10.0 COMMUNICATION, TRANSPORTATION AND OTHER SOCIAL SERVICES 10.1.1 RADIO At Mongomongo village there is three radio networks available which are Radio MASUJAA FM RADIO, TBC TAIFA, TBC FM, PRIDE FM RADIO, and RADIO FREE AFRICA. 10.1.2 TELEPHONE. At Monomongo village most of people using the mobile phone as a source of communication. and the network available is AIRTEL, TIGO AND HALOTEL. But network is very disturbed.

10.1.3 TELEVISION. At Mongomongo village few number of villagers own the television but most of them they haven’t the television and also they are not connected with electrical supply due to the economic status.

10.1.4 NEWSPAPER At Mongomongo  village there is no supply of newspaper.

10.1.5. INTERNET. Internet services at Mongomongo village are not available (internet café).

10.1.6 POST OFFICE. At Mongomongo village there is no any post office.

10.2.0 ROADS (TYPES OF ROAD). At Mongomongo village the road which is main used for transportation is starting from Mongomongo to Kitunda is about 15.10kilometer, and Mongomongo to Madangwa is about18.49kilometer.

10.2.1 BRIDGES. At Mongomongo village there is no bridge even if there is liver a crossing the main road which from Mongomongo to Kitunda. 10.2.2 TRANSPORTATION. At Mongomongo village, people use motorcycle and bicycle as a means of transport in order to fulfill their basic needs.

10.3.0 RECREATION FACILITIES AND ACTIVITIES. At Mongomongo village there is recreation which used for watching video and football playing ground. And they have village team called BIG LION. 10.4.0 RELIGIOUS FACILITES, At Mongomongo village there is a one religion which Islamic only. Religious institution which found in Mongomongo village is Mosque MUNAWWARA.

11.0 SOCIAL CULTUAL ASSESSMENT (Cultural practice that hinder or promote community health)

11.1. CULTURAL PRACTICES THAT HINDER COMMUNITY HEALTH. 	Some pregnancy women tend to use local medicine believing that they can delivery easy. 	Some pregnancy women believe tradition birth attendants (TBA) than health personal. 	Some pregnant women prefer home delivery without any traditional birth attendant (TBA) or trained health personal believing that they are so confident. 	Some people use medicine without investigation or any medical direction. 	Use of witch doctors and witches’ faith. 11.2 SOCIAL CULTURAL THAT PROMOTE COMMUNITY HEALTH. 	They escort pregnant woman to the health facility for delivery. 	They form cooperation groups for economic activities. 	They have tendency of giving gift to the pregnancy women after delivery. 	They believe that if they delivery in the health they will be safe. 12.0 COMMUNITY  DIAGNOSES 12.1 COMMUNITY STRENGTHS. 	They have enough food. 	They have good safe and security for example there is neither thieves nor robber within the village. 	 They have good cooperation on keeping water sources. 	Most of villagers are participating on economic activities such as small business, fishing and cultivation 12.2 COMMUNITY DIAGNOSIS 	Lack of waste disposal pit. 	 They practice more in Deforestation. 	 They have few sources of water. 	 Poor infrastructure like roads especially during rainy season. 	Poor hand washing practice at home. 	Most of people they engage in tradition believe. 	They engage in early marriage. 	They drink unsafe water.

12.3 ACTUAL PROBLEMS 	Lack of dry waste disposal pit related to laziness as evidenced by poor environmental sanitation. 	Poor transportation related to bad infrastructure as evidenced by roughness of the road. 	Early marriage related to poverty as evidenced by increase of teenagers’ pregnancy. 12.4 POTENTIAL PROBLEMS 	Potential to teenagers’ pregnancy related to early marriage. 	Potential to desert related to deforestation. 	Potential to eruption of diseases related to drinking unsafe water. 	Potential to sexual transmission diseases related to early sexual practice. 	Potential to increase maternal death related to early marriage. 	Potential to typhoid disease related to drinking un-boiled water. 	Potential to communicable disease related to poor performing of hand washing.