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The men's 200 metre backstroke was one of the swimming at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.[1] It took place on 10–11 August 2016 and featuring 26 men from 19 countries. It was the fifteenth appearance of an Olympic men's 200 metre backstroke event since the first at the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris, France. The event, which took place at the Olympic Aquatics Stadium, consisted of three rounds with those been the heats, semi-finals and final. The race was won by Ryan Murphy of the United Sates with Australian Mitch Larkin finishing second and Evgeny Rylov (Russia) finishing third.

The heat round was conducted on 10 August in the morning session. The 26 swimmers were split into four heats. The first heat had three athletes in it, the second heat had seven athletes in it, the third heat had eight athletes in it and the fourth heat had eight athletes in it. Athletes had to be in the top 16 fastest athletes to progress to the semi-finals. The quickest athlete in the heat round was Rylov with a time of one minute and 55.02 seconds. Xu Jiayu (China) was second fastest and Larkin was third fastest. The slowest athlete to progress from the heats was Yakov Toumarkin (Israel) whose time was one minute and 57.58 seconds.

The semi-final round was held in the evening session on 10 August. There were two semi-finals of eight athletes each. The top eight fastest athletes qualified for the final. The first semi-final was won by Murphy and the second semi-final was won by Rylov. The top eight athletes consisted of three from the first semi-final and five from the second. Rylov recorded the quickest time overall with his time of one minute and 54.45 seconds slightly quicker than Larkin's, who was second quickest overall.

The final was held in the night session on 11 August 2016.

Records
Prior to this competition, the existing world and Olympic records were as follows.