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Fluorescent Nanodiamond
Fluorescent Nanodiamond (also known as FND) is a nanodiamond particle containing vacancy-related colour centers called fluorophores. The fluorophores allow FND to absorb strongly at ~560nm and emits fluorescence at ~700nm. FND was invented in 2005 by Dr. Huan Cheng Chang from Academia Sinica, Taiwan. By controlling the annealing time and temperature during production process, FND can be produced with specific colors (Dei Cas et al, 2019) FND is highly compatible with mammalian cells and has low photobleaching properties (Yu et al). These properties allow FND to have high potential in many applications in various fields including physics, chemical and biology. There are many researchers going on to explore the potential use of FND in vitro and vivo.