User:Yerevantsi/Artagaght



A mass emigration from the Republic of Armenia (արտագաղթ artagaght' ) started during the last years of the Soviet Union due to harsh socio-economic conditions in the country, caused by several factors.

In December 1988, the Spitak Earthquake left hundreds of thousands in northern Armenia without homes and up to 50,000 dead. In 1989, the Metsamor Nuclear Power Plant, which provides 40% of Armenia's electricity, was shut down for about 6 years (until 1995), while since 1992, the Armenian forces were actively involved in the Nagorno-Karabakh War with neighboring Azerbaijan over the disputed Armenian-populated region. A regional conflict started in 1988 and included cases of ethnic violence prior to the escalation of the war.

The World Bank estimated that by 2010, 28.2% Armenia's population (about 870,200 people) have emigrated.

Overview
The main period of migration were the first years of independence from the Soviet Union, which Armenia gained in 1991, after the national referendum. The years which are now remembered as Dark and cold years (due to lack of electricity and gas), were notable because of great numbers of Armenians who left their homes. The main destination of Armenian emigrants was Russia, as many of them spoke Russian after over 150 years of Russian domination. Others chose the United States and the European nations of Germany, Spain, France, Poland, etc. According to the Armenian National Statistical Service, the greatest number of outflow was recorded in 1992, 1993 and 1994.

http://www.lragir.am/engsrc/society27150.html

90% of Armenian Migrants Leave for Russia

Armenia is being warned that it faces "a new wave of emigration" unless the government does more to improve the socioeconomic situation and strengthen the rule of law, RFE/RL's Armenian Service reports.

The warning came in a report by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) presented today.

The report -- drawn up by local migration experts -- called for wide-ranging government measures, including democratic reform, that would "considerably reduce the motivation of Armenia's population to leave the country."

At least 700,000 Armenians, or about one-quarter of the country's population, are believed to have emigrated to Russia and other countries since the break-up of the Soviet Union in 1991 and the resulting turmoil in the region.

The outflow slowed significantly in the 1990s as the Armenian economy began recovering from its post-Soviet slump.

The report says tens of thousands of Armenian men working abroad might eventually reunite with their families and cause Armenia to "lose another 200,000-300,000 citizens."

Blockades by two neighbors—Turkey and Azerbaijan—coupled with the Nagorno Karabagh War paralyzed the country economically. Armenia hemorrhaged about one fourth of its population within the first decade. The emigration rate, although reduced, still continues to alarm observers.

"Some have referred to it as a crisis, a disaster, and a serious threat to national security."

http://www.armenianweekly.com/2013/01/03/mayissian-armenias-silent-national-security-threat/

http://europeandcis.undp.org/news/show/87B390CE-F203-1EE9-B95DF29A79F6080C

https://www.google.com/search?q=emigration+from+armneia&oq=emigration+from+armneia&aqs=chrome.0.57j0j60l3j0.4698&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8#hl=en&q=emigration+from+armenia&um=1&ie=UTF-8&tbo=u&tbm=bks&source=og&sa=N&tab=wp&ei=l-wfUc2sB6TI0AGV6YHwAQ&bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.r_qf.&bvm=bv.42553238,d.dmQ&fp=d2760b19ed7c6895&biw=1600&bih=785

Statistics
http://www.armenianweekly.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/NSS-Figure-2.jpg

http://www.armstat.am/file/article/demos_12_7-10.pdf


 * 1990: 1,700
 * 1991: 4,400
 * 1992: -214,300
 * 1993: -138,600
 * 1994: -122,900
 * 1995: -35,600
 * 1996: -26,000
 * 1997: -27,800
 * 1998: -22,300
 * 1999: -17,600
 * 2000: -21,900
 * 2001: -10,500
 * 2002: -9,200
 * 2003: -7,900
 * 2004: -8,200
 * 2005: -7,700
 * 2006: -6,700
 * 2007: -6,100
 * 2008: -5,900
 * 2009: -5,300
 * 2010: -3,800
 * 2011: -3,700
 * '''1990-2011: -695,900

In popular culture
Ruben Hakhverdyan

http://hayeli.am/%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A3%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%81%D6%80%D5%A5%D6%84-%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%A1%D5%B2%D5%A9%D5%A8-%D5%AC%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AF%D5%A1%D6%80/

Empyray - Veradarnum em (2013)