User:Yogabear2020/sandbox4

Slavery to update
Slavery in the 21st century continues and generates (as of 2021) an estimated $236 billion in annual profits. Populations in regions with armed conflict are especially vulnerable, and modern transportation has made human trafficking easier. In 2016, there were an estimated 40 million people worldwide subject to some form of slavery; by 2021, that number had grown to 50 million. In both estimates, approximately 25% of the victims of slavery were children.

As reported in the United Nations publication "Global Estimates of Modern Slavery: Forced Labour and Forced Marriage" (2022), fifty-six percent of those enslaved are used for forced labor, mostly in the private sector, while forty-four percent live in forced marriages. As defined by the UN report, forms of forced labour include prison labor, sex trafficking, and sexual slavery.

Global Slavery Index
Researchers Andrew Guth, Robyn Anderson, Kasey Kinnard and Hang Tran challenged the research methods used by the 2014 Global Slavery Index: they stated that the methods used were inadequate, and they raised questions about the replicability and validity of the results. They also stated that the use of GSI data, in the media and elsewhere, could lead to "inaccurate policy formulation and a compounding of harm".

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Sans' boss fight and its theme, "Megalovania", have been well-received.

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The character of Sans was also discussed by Gabriel Elvery, a postdoctoral research student with an interest in fantasy video games, in an article entitled Ethics / TITLE / Their article explains how parasocial relationships (PSRs)

The character of Sans has also been discussed in relation to the ideas of relationship building, social responsibility, and inclusion. In an article by Gabriel Elvery, a post-doctoral research student with an interest in fantasy video games, the author writes about how parasocial relationships (PSRs) are formed with the non-player characters (NPCs) in Undertale, such as Sans. Elvery discusses how, during playthroughs of the game, the player forms PSRs with the NPC "monsters" that run counter to normal conventions: unlike frightening NPCs in other games, "monsters" like Sans are not seen by game players as something to fear, but instead viewed—and interacted with—as "lovable monsters". In the author's view, a player's interactions with Sans can help develop interpersonal understanding in the player, encourage care and empathy, and inspire community building. They argue that social inclusion within the world of Undertale—a feature of many PSRs—helps players to understand highlights embodies portrays LOOK FOR VERB the similarities we have with other people, as well as the similarities we have share with technology in our relationships to technology. , strengthened by our shared use of technology???? They add that we should never act mindlessly and should always question established procedures: a lesson taught by Sans in his role of warning players about the potential harm of their violent actions. (THIS LAST POINT IS MINE: FIND IN ARTICLE)

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Sans the Skeleton is a character in the 2015 video game Undertale. He is the brother of Papyrus and initially appears as a friendly NPC with an easy-going, laid-back personality. Sans is also featured in the 2018 video game Deltarune, where he can only be found at his shop, which is a remodeled version of Grillby's Diner from the original game. Sans was created by Toby Fox with support from the artist Temmie Chang. The character's name is based on the Comic Sans font, which is used for most of his in-game dialogue. This sans typeface was replaced with a "cutesy irreverent typeface" in the Japanese version of the game.

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Critics and fans have praised Sans' characterization. In particular, he is noted for his humor and for breaking the fourth wall, but also for his boss fight, including its musical theme, "Megalovania." The character, and a version of his fight song, were included in Super Smash Bros. Ultimate. Sans has been used an internet meme and his likeness has been featured in merchandise produced by companies such as Good Smile, Fangamer, and Banpresto.

Critics and fans have praised Sans' characterization. In particular, he is enjoyed for his humor and for breaking the fourth wall, but also for his boss fight, including its musical theme, "Megalovania," which became widely known. The character has also gained popularity because of his prominence in several user-created mods and other projects, as well as his use as an Internet meme. Sans has been featured in merchandise produced by companies such as Good Smile, Fangamer, and Banpresto.

Concept and design
Sans was conceived by Toby Fox, the creator of Undertale. Fox has said he created Sans with "special inspiration" from J. N. Wiedle, author of the webcomic Helvetica—a series about an eponymous skeleton named after the Helvetica typeface. Fox made the character's initial concept sketch on a college notebook; and he initially gave the character the name "Comic Sans", after the typeface. DELETE CITATION: AS IT FOLLOWS NEXT SENTENCE At this stage, the character was referred to simply as the brother of Papyrus, the game's second boss, who was similarly named after a typeface. ADDED WIKILINK When Fox first conceived the character, he intended for Sans to make more skeleton puns, but ultimately didn't think this was humorous enough, so he dropped the idea. Temmie Chang remarked that the character looked like he appeared to have been playing poker at the casino.

Artist Drak designed a Steam trading card based on Sans that came packaged with a collection of Undertale cards. Fox thought it would be intriguing if Sans was absent from the card itself and could only be seen in full view dozing over to the side. Since he wasn't sure if Steam would accept a card with nothing but blank black space, he added the spotlight to the center of the image.

Fox has expressed his hope that "Sans' sleepy presence will continue to surprise someone every once in a while."

"Megalovania", the song used during the boss battle against Sans, had previously been used within Homestuck and in one of Fox's EarthBound ROM hacks.

In 2023, Fox revealed cut content from Undertale that involves Sans eating ice cream for a minute, saying that it was "silly, irreverent, blurring the lines of the fourth wall."

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Q: is it only these two? then the sentence could be "Sans dialogue is not normally shown"

As with his brother, Sans is one of the characters whose dialogue is not normally shown in the game's default font. Instead, his words are usually displayed in Comic Sans. (When he tells the player about the mechanics of the game, or when he threatens the player, his words then use the default font.) When adapting Undertale into Japanese, however, this convention needed to be changed, as it was too difficult to translate. The final Japanese version had Sans' dialogue communicated in a "cutesy irreverent typeface" that one might find in stylized advertisements or on a television variety show.

Like his brother, Papyrus, Sans is one of the characters whose dialogue does not normally use the game's default font; rather, his words are usually displayed in Comic Sans. Sans' dialogue does use the default font when he is talking about the mechanics of the game, or threatening the player. When translating Undertale into Japanese, however, this convention had to be changed, as it was too difficult to translate. The final Japanese version has Sans' dialogue communicated in a "cutesy irreverent typeface" that one might find used in a cute advert or a television variety show."

, who is also named after a font. THIS IS REPEATED ABOVE and the citation below

Sans in Japanese
Maria Christina Jørstad has written about the style of language used by Sans in the Japanese version and what it shows about him. In Japanese, Sans refers to himself as "Sanzu" (サンズ), which Jørstad connects to the Sanzu River: a symbolic river that separates life from death, and that judges those who pass it. As Jørstad says, this symbolism relates to Sans' role in judging the player at the end of the game. Jørstad also explains Sans' style of speech. When communicating to his friends, how Sans uses Japanese pronouns that seem "childish", such as oira, anta, and occasionally omae. SIGNIFICANCE? Sans is often paired with his brother, Papyrus. When he is being serious or conversing with his brother, he sometimes uses omae; but he also uses the more "serious" ore and other similar sentence finals like sa and na. SIGNIFICANCE? When he first meets the main character in the woods, Sans uses Japanese expressions from "Kansai ben"—a dialect of Kansai that is associated with comic characters. He does this only once, speaking the standard dialect in other contexts. At the meeting with the women, Sans practices his new puns, and the characters have an absurd–comic relationship known as "boke/tsukkomi". He then speaks in a yakuwarigo-style language, sounding something like a male anime or manga character with very masculine expressions such as ze, zo, sa and other "macho" forms. However, in contrast to the "macho male" stereotype, Sans probably comes, to a Japanese speaker, across as less "commando" and more just like a 'goofy' boy, because of his persistent use of the childish oira and anta. FIXed citation DATE = 2023

In Undertale
Prior to the events of Undertale, Sans had moved, with his brother Papyrus, from an unknown location to the settlement in Snowdin. Papyrus has been hired as a royal guard trainee sentry, and he forces his brother to help in his quest to capture a human. Sans follows the player through most of the forest of Snowdin, commentating on his brother's puzzles and interacting with the player. Sans continues to appear as a recurring character throughout the rest of the game, often appearing at sentry posts to make jokes and sell items. Near the climax of the game, Sans invites the player to eat at a restaurant with him, where he explains how he befriended Toriel behind the large door in Snowdin. He reveals that he has promised not to kill any humans who come to the Underground; and he states that if he had not made that promise, the player would be "dead where [they] stand".

In the "Last Corridor" (a room near the end of the game), Sans makes one more appearance where he reveals the true meaning of the "EXP" and "LV" values that the player has accumulated throughout the game: 'Execution Points' and 'Level of Violence', respectively. He then judges the player for their accumulated EXP and LV values, before disappearing and allowing the player to proceed onward to fight the king, Asgore. The dialogue changes once the player beats the last boss, based on what has happened previously in the game.

TWO STYLES OF POSSESSIVE Sans's and Sans' & RESTRUCTURED ORDER OF SENTENCES

As the game progresses, Sans' behavior is modified to fit different scenarios, based on how often the player opts to kill the monsters in each area. Before the Papyrus boss fight, Sans threatens the player with a "bad time" if they proceed with their actions. If the player ignores this warning, Sans again confronts the player in the Judgement Hall, to prevent them from destroying the entire Underground, and acting as the route's final boss. Near the end of the game's "Genocide" route, Sans also fights the player, acting as the final boss. During the boss battle sequence with Sans, the song "Megalovania" plays.

In other media
Outside of Undertale, Sans appears as a character in Deltarune (2018), where he can be found at his shop, a remodeled version of Grillby's Diner from Undertale. For the Nintendo game Super Smash Bros. Ultimate (2018), a Sans costume for the playable Mii Gunner character was released as downloadable content on September 4, 2019. In the online game Among Us (2018), Sans' hoodie appears as a cosmetic belonging to the Cosmicube event called "Indie Hour", which also features other characters from Undertale. In 2022, Sans appeared in the Japanese rhythm game Pop'n Music.

Outtakes
In 2023, Toby Fox revealed cut content from Undertale that involves Sans eating ice cream for a minute, saying that it was "silly, irreverent, blurring the lines of the fourth wall."

Merchandising
Sans has appeared in a variety of merchandise offered by different companies. Good Smile produced a Nendoroid figure of him that featured different poses and accessories. Fangamer featured Sans in series of Undertale figurines. Banpresto has also produced Sans-related merchandise, including a key chain, an acrylic plate, and a face cushion.

Critical reception
Since his appearance in Undertale, Sans has received generally positive reception. He has been well-received by Undertale fans, being the subject of many fan works and projects such as games, video game mods, and other creations. During the Undertale Q&A in 2016, Sans and Papyrus were the characters that received the most questions from fans. Leah Donato of Dualshockers wrote that Sans was the best character in the game, stating her feeling that his "comedic relief that is sorely needed." NO [w] NEEDED Donato added that "while this is true, he also has a very sarcastic side, which he indulges at every possible opportunity." Polygon staff writer Colin Campbell described Sans as one of the best video game characters of the 2010s. Campbell particularly praised how the game highlights Sans' humor: "When he makes a joke, the camera zooms in on him while he winks. It never gets old." Destructoid writer CJ Andriessen—who thought that he was too late to play Undertale—wrote that Sans' appearance in Smash Bros. had increased to his desire to try the game.

The character of Sans has also been discussed in relation to inclusion and how we build relationships. Author Gabriel Elvery, for example, has written about how parasocial relationships are formed with the character of Sans. He discusses how PSR's may be developed through playthroughs that run counter to convention; and how these can encourage care, mutual understanding, and community building. He further states that inclusion, which is part of PSR's and also a fundamental feature of Undertale, highlights the similarities between our interactions with people and with technology. He adds that we should never act mindlessly and should always question established procedures.

The sibling relationship between Papyrus and Sans has also been explored and praised. RPGFan writer Alana Hagues felt that the brothers' distinct personalities make them a great pair. She appreciated how their humor helped "carry [her] through a tearjerker of a game" and helped her to "fall in love" with the setting. Nathan Grayson of Kotaku identifies Papyrus and Sans as two of Undertale's most "endearing" characters. He writes about his enjoyment of their relationship, and how he appreciated that their humor was "natural" instead of "dickish or ugly." He discussed how, despite the fact that their personality differences could cause them to sometimes hate each other, "they have each other's backs."

Conversely, one YouTuber gamer with the username Markiplier quit playing after two episodes after being harassed by fans about the way he played the game, specifically about giving Sans a "redneck voice". Hatred for the fandom has also appeared in the form of what have been described as "cringe-worthy videos" that feature a graphic representation of the two brothers, Sans and Papyrus, sometimes engaging in romantic and sexual activity. These anti-fan-videos have included anime tropes, in which sibling relationships are common; they have also parodied the idea of "forbidden love."

Boss fight and "Megalovania"
"from here, dates need to be checked in citations" Sans' boss fight and its theme, "Megalovania", have been well-received in both fan-based and popular culture. The inclusion of Sans as a Mii fighter costume in Super Smash Bros. Ultimate, as well as the special remixed version of "Megalovania", garnered positive feedback from fans. Along with the song's popularity, the character himself became an Internet meme with multiple incarnations.

In 2020, the American television network ABC News used the "Sans" Undertale OST theme when discussing the origins of the coronavirus and its impact on life in China. In 2022, the boss fight song was played at the Vatican as part of a papal audience circus act for Pope Francis.

In a paper titled Ethics at Play in Undertale (2018), author Frederic Seraphie compared the battle with Sans to breaking the fourth wall. He also discussed how 'genocide' happens during the game, notably in the fight with Sans. Seraphie considered this final boss battle as a metaphorical way to "break" Undertale, after concluding that this battle sequence had the most discordant story-line of the game.

References in popular media
In 2015, Ben Davis of Destructoid landed (SP) an unexpected appearance on The 700 Club, a Christian television program hosted by Pat Robertson.The show had received a viewer's question that referred to "several pictures of a strange cartoon skeleton with one glowing blue eye and wearing a hoodie." In answer to the question, Davis confidently confirmed that this was, indeed, Sans from Undertale. He also stated: "How could anyone find such a lovable scamp like Sans demonic?"

In 2019, Professional wrestler Kenny Omega expressed his love for Undertale by dressing as Sans for the October 30 episode of All Elite Wrestling: Dynamite.

On September 8, 2022, Sans was chosen as the "Ultimate Tumblr Sexyman" (referencing an online slang term for fictional characters who garner romantic and/or sexual interest from a large fan-base despite not being conventionally attractive) via a three-day tournament bracket of polls on Twitter. Sans was a finalist with Mob Psycho 100 character Arataka Reigen, whom Sans surpassed with 50.1% of the vote. Fox responded to the results by writing a short fan fiction that humorously dramatized Reigen's attempts at surpassing Sans in the poll. In the piece, Fox wrote that "Sans won by doing literally nothing, while Reigen cheated his way to the finals, only to come against the hard truth that Tumblr is not into conventionally attractive men." The close victory of Sans also caused an influx of fan art and memes on both Twitter and Tumblr. The "Ultimate Tumblr Sexyman" poll ended on the same day as the death of Elizabeth II, leading to jokes connecting the two events.