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 Role of Androgen Receptors in Females 

The AR plays a role in regulating female sexual, somatic, and behavioral functions. Experimental data using AR knockout female mice, provides evidence that the promotion of cardiac growth, kidney hypertrophy, cortical bone growth and regulation of trabecular bone structure is a result of DNA binding-dependent actions of the AR in females.

Moreover, the importance of understanding female androgen receptors lies in their role in several genetic disorders including Androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS). Complete (CAIS) and Partial (PAIS) are a result of mutations in the genes which code for AR. These mutations (of which over 400 are known) causes the inactivation of AR due to mutations conferring resistance to circulating testosterone, with more than 400 different AR mutations reported.