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Digital curation Progressively, digital curation acts as a umbrella concept that include many subsets appearing as related terms such as digital asset management,data curation,digital preservation, and electronic records management.

Methodology Sequential Actions: Conceptualize Create Appraise and select Ingest Preservation action Store Access, use and reuse Transform Occasional Actions: Dispose Reappraise Migrate:Migrate data to another format in order to protect data for using better in the future.

Underestimation of human labor costs The concept of cost in business field would be more obvious. Varieties of business systems are running for daily operations. For example, human resources systems deal with recruitment and payroll, communication systems manage internal and external email, and administration systems handle finance, marketing and other aspects. However, business systems in institutions are not designed for long-term information preservation initially. [15]In some instances, business systems are revised to become Digital Curation systems for preserving transaction information due to cost consideration. The example of business systems are Enterprise Content Management (ECM) applications, which are used by designated group people such as business executives, customers for information management that support key processes organizationally. In the long run, to transfer digital content from ECM applications to Digital Curation (DC) applications would be a trend in large organizations domestically or internationally. The improvement of maturity models of ECM and DC may add value to information that request cost deduction and extensive use for further modification.

Responses to challenges Specialized research institutions[21][22] There are three elements for essential needs of institutions dealing with issues of digital curation, Leadership, Resources, and Collaboration. Three elements related to the role of advance-guards for librarians and archivists working with open approaches to technology, standardized process and scholarly communication. It might be seen as a recipe for digital curation. The archivist with leadership, who needs to be a dynamic and active role to embrace technology, standardized process, and scholarly communication. In addition, Archivist leader might adopt the business concept and methods to deal with their workflow such as raise funds, invest technology system, and comply with industry standards, in order to obtain more resources. Importantly, Collaboration in archives and digital curation community could provide and share training, technologies, standards and tools to help institutions on challengeable issues of digital curation.Digital Preservation Coalition (DPC), the Open Preservation Foundation or novel partnerships offer collaboration opportunity to institutions facing similar challenges in digital curation issues. Academic courses Information field especially in libraries, archives, and museums significantly need to bring knowledge of new technologies. Traditional graduate school education is not enough to meet that demand; training program for current staffs in cultural repository would be an efficient supplement for that request, such as professional workshops, and MOOCs (Massively Open Online Courses) in data curation and management. Dedicated symposia[25][26] International Digital Curation Conference (IDCC) is an established annual event since 2005, aiming to collaborate with individuals, organizations and institutions facing challenges, supporting development, and exchanging ideas in the field. Peer reviewed technical and industry journals[28] The International Journal of Digital Curation (IJDC) is administered by IJDC Editorial Board including the Editor-in-Chief, Digital Curation Center (DCC), and the following members. IJDC dedicate to provide scholarly platform for sharing, discussing, and improving knowledge and information of digital curation within the worldwide community. IJDC has two types of submission under editorial guidelines, which are peer-reviewed papers and general articles base on original research, the field information and relevant events in digital curation. IJDC is published by the University of Edinburgh for the Digital Curation Centre in electronic form on a rolling basis two times a year. The open access to the public supports knowledge exchangeable in digital curation worldwide.