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Racial Microaggressions
Brief and routine verbal, behavioral or environmental humiliations to an individual in a daily setting. This humiliation can be international or unintentional, but they are communicated as hostile or negative racial slights and insults that can potentially have a harmful or unpleasant psychological impact victims. This microaggression is often outside of the conscious awareness of the perpetrator, invisible, and subtle in nature.

Four Dilemmas

Colombia University's counseling psychology professor, Dr. Derald Wing Sue, explained the the Four Dilemmas below.

Clash of racial realities – did the person engage in a microaggression or was there a simple misinterpret the perpetrator’s actions

The Invisibility of Unintentional Expressions of Bias – The perpetrator of racial microaggressions usually are sincere in the belief that they acted without racial bias.

Perceived Minimal Harm of Racial Microaggressions – If perpetrator is confronted, they believe that the victim is overeating

Responding to Microaggressions – A bunch of questions are raised for the victim of microaggressions (should I confront them, is it worth it, am I overreacting), making responding to microaggressions very difficult

To further explain these dilemmas the authors of The Journal of Negro Education can be used. They define Microaggressions as "subtle insults (verbal, nonverbal, and/or visual) directed toward people of color, often automatically or unconsciously". Of course these subtle insults are not only exclusive to the African american community. This article explains the negative impact that microaggressions have on the campus racial climate, regardless of it the subtle insults are intentional or not. the main factors that makes microaggression so negative are the facts that confrontation has a high possibility of offending the perpetrator and the victim is often too scared of this too politely ask for the perpetrator to cease the behavior.

References