User:Zeel ahir/sandbox

Tactile Agnosia Table of Contents 1.Introduction 1.1 History 2.Perceptions 2.1 Process of perception in the cognition and brain 2.2 Metacognition 3.Perceptual and cognitive attention 4.Psychology 4.1 Brain activity and cognition 4.2 Piaget's theory of cognitive development 5.Signs and symptoms of cognitive disorder 5.1 Causes and prevention 6.See also 7.References 8.Further Reading 9.External Links

1.Introduction

Cognition is described as a "mental action or it can be defined as gaining knowledge in terms of understanding from senses, thought and experiences". Moreover, there are various types of human cognition such as; intelligence, problem-solving, decision-making, and attention all these help in gathering information and that plays a vital role in human psychology. Brain cognitive functions are a mental process that enables us to transform, develop, receive, store, select and recover all sorts of information so that external stimuli can be obtained therefore, the Frontal lobe is a part of the brain responsible for the skills of cognition; thus, when this part of the brain is damaged,it affects memory. Alzheimer's is one such disease that is considered to be a common disorder in humans. Thus, from the study it is been understood that in psychology, cognition helps only in gathering,storing,and processing all such information, whereas the brain helps in controlling the body in terms of gathering information directly by touching, smelling, and tasting.

1.1 History Since the end of the 19th century, cognition is been studied in a more significant way. The father of cognitive psychology is Neisser, but however, in 1879 Wundt in Germany discovered the first laboratory of psychology when processes had been observed in a philosophical manner. Although Neisser, is been called the father of psycholoy, he established the theory of behaviourists by discovering how the mind helps in thinking as well as in working, nevertheless he had shown very much interest in perception and mental. In the mid of 1950, the actual study had been started about cognition and various other theories and skills had started been itroducing to it. Thus,from then cognition started been observing in human psychology, and thus, it is very much interconnected with the brain.

2. Perception Perception are defined as the interpretation, organization, and identification of sensory information in terms of representing an understanding of the global context of human psychology. Moreover, in the nervous system, the function of perception is totally been dependent, however, sometimes it also helps in warning people (Erickson et al.2019). In addition, the brain in human psycholoy helps people to visualize as well as change perspective of their thinking around the world, even when the sensory information of the brain is not complete and varies at a rapid rate. Thus, human perception can be identified by smell, touch, and even visualization, which helps humans analyse all sorts of information and make decisions in terms of that.

2.1 Process of perception in the cognition and brain Perceptions in cognition are referred to as a process that helps people to gather information's directly by sensing and by utilising all such information in terms of interacting as well as responding with the world. However, in the brain, the process of perception in the real world starts with an object or stimulus of distal. In addition to that, the objects that arise in the process such as physical activity and sound that makes to stimulate the sensory organ of the body, and these sorts of sensory organs are called transduction, that is transforming the energy that is being input into neural activity. Moreover, the process of perception helps in visulizing the real world, and the perspective of thinking and taking decision helps to enhance cognitive skills more effectively Furthermore, some of the main aspects that help in making the process of perception more effective in cognition and the brain are such as; '" cognitive structure, self concept, previous experience with a person and lastly, response salience". Thus, in cognitive psychology, the process of perception is been studied thoroughly.

2.2 Metacognition Metacognition is another form of human psychology that helps in a warning in the process of thinking and learning someone. Moreover, metacognition helps in enhancing memory so that students can able to learn as well as helps in their thinking perspective. In addition to that, other terms of metacognition in human psychology helps in encouraging students in order to enhance their feeling and thinking, however, it also helps in creating the skills of self awareness. As stated by Sprengel al.(2019),some of the skills that are included in metacognition are such as;to monitor,evaluate,predicting as well as in potting. Therefore, all these skills make cognitive skills interconnected with human psychology which leads to a great impact in accordance with the global context.

3.Perceptual and cognitive attention Perceptual attention is represented as contacting more with people that are very much relatable with the present scenario whereas, cognition attention makes people make decisions as well as helps in believing. In accordance with the brain in human psychology, in perception interpretations of feeling, hearing, and touching all these actions are easy in terms of understanding. On the other hand, attention in psychology is one such thing that helps in determining and focusing on the objectives of the past, so that the present and future can be made in terms of that (Alvares Pereiratet al.2022). However, perception attention helps in ignoring the stimuli of the ability in terms of non task and task related, on the other hand, conceptual attention makes the process of stimuli more considerate so that thinking can be more enhanced. Therefore, preception and cognitive attention help in enhancing the mental ability that develops and enhances thinking ability which helps in the mental growth of the students and in people, this makes their thinking and learning ability skills to lead a great impact.

4.Psychology In accordance with the psychology part, that is been studied scientifically it is related to the behavior and mind. In humans, psychology plays an important role and when it is interconnected with cogntion and the brain it makes people memorizing, reasoning and personal ability skills make people determine their growth and development.  4.1 Brain activity and cognition The brain can be represented as a device of thermodynamic and its main purpose is to process all sorts oF pieces of information. In accordance with brain activity, falls under the model of thermodynamics whereas, cognitive skills make the process to be more informative and these two methods informative and these two methods provide to describe more accurately the process of cognition activities. the brain activity and cognition process are very much interconnected and that is under the means of two models one in thermodynamics, and the other one is about information theory As per the current source of information theory .As per the current source of information, it is well understood that in neuroscience, thermodynamics and information theory are not been so much connected and therefore, these models have been briefly described by experimenting in terms of humans psychology. Thus, brain activity and cognition processes are much more responsible for the growth of mental health.

'''4.2 Piaget's theory of cognitive development According to this theory, cognitive development is represented as the theory of comprehensive in terms of human intelligence as well as related to nature. Moreover, this theory helps to collect knowledge and more information about the changes that are happening in the cognition process. Thus, Jean piaget proposed this theory in order to understand all sorts of informative skills that helps in the process of development. therefore, some stages of this theory are such as;the "sensorimotor stage, concreate operational stage, preoperational stage and formal operation stage".

5.Signs and symptoms of cognitive disorder The cognitive disorder is considered to br a disorder, where recovering is not possible without undergoing proper treatment. Moreover, various sorts cognitive disorders are been classified as; developmental disorders, dementia, amnesia, and motor skills disorders. One of the most common disorders that is been analysed is Alzheimer's disease. In accordance with cognitive disorder, the signs through which the can disorder be identified are such as; poor confusion, identity confusion, loss of short term and long term memory, and poor motor coordination. Symptoms are such as; Insomnia, difficulty in understanding, and attention, difficulty to corporate, inability to perform tasks and so on.  5.1 Causes and Prevention

Lack of communication is one of the most important reasons for cognition. In the Global context, it is been seen that people face many problems in their life that can be related to professional or personal and that leads to affecting mental health as a consequence of people suffering from depression. Thus, some of the cognitive disorder are such as; sleep apnea, anxiety, thyroid, hormonal problem, hearing problem, and any sort of infection, Alzheimer's patients get very much affected by these sorts of disorders.

In accordance with the prevention, it can be improved by doing exercise, meditation, stopping of intaking alcohol, and mental, and social interaction with those who help to motivate. Thus, all these preventions will help to patients to get improved from the cognitive disorder.  6.See also 1. Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument 2. Cognitive psychology 3. The Brain 4.Consciousness 5.Learning 6.Memory 7.Cognitive Function

7.References Alvares Pereira, G., Silva Nunes,M.V.,Alzola, P. and Contador, I.,  2022. Cognitive reserve and brain maintenance in aging and dementia: An integrative review. Applied Neuropsychology: Adult,29(6),pp.1615-1625.

Erickson, K.I., Hillman, C., Stillman, C.M., Ballard, R.M., Bloodgood, B., Conroy, D.E., Macko, R., Marquez, D.X., Petruzzello, S.J. and Powell, K.E.,2019.Physical activity, cognition, and brain outcomes: a review of the 2018 physical activity guidelines. Medicine and science in sports and exercise,51(6),p.1242.

GyorgyBuzsaki, M.D.,2019.The brain from inside out. Oxford University Press.

Sowndhararajan, K.,Deepa, P.,Kim,M., Park, S.J.  and  Kim, M.,Park, and Kim, S., 2018. Neuroprotective potentials of baicalin: a review. Brain Science,8(6),p.104.

Spreng, R.N. and Turner, G.R., 2019. The shifting architecture of cognition and brain function in older adulthood. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 14(4),pp.523-542.

Stern, Y., 2021. How can cognitive reserve promote cognitive and neurobehavioral health?. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 36(7), pp.1291-1295.

Stern, Y., Barnes, C.A., Grady, C., Jones, R.N and Raz, N., 2019. Brain reserve, cognitive reserve, compensation, and maintenance:   operationalization, validity, and mechanisms of cognitive resilience. Neurobiology of aging, 83,pp.124-129.

Psychguides.com,2022.About: "neurological-disorders  cognitive". Available                    at: https://www.psychguides.com/neurological-disorders/cognitive/. [Accessed on:15.11.2022]

'''8. Further Reading ''' Ardila A (2018). Historical Development of Human Cognition. A cultural-Historical   Neuropsychological Perspective. Springer. ISBN 978-9811068867.

Coren S, Ward LM, Enns JT (2016). Sensation and Perception. Harcourt Brace.p.9.ISBN 978-0-470-00226-1.

Stanovich, Keith  (2020). What Intelligence Tests Miss:The Psychology of Rational Thought. New Haven (CT): Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-12385-2.

9.External Links

Cognition An international journal publishing theoretical and experimental papers on the study of the mind.Information on music cognition, University of Amsterdam

Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov,2022. About: " Article on cognitive disorder."Available at:

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4468356/. [Accessed   on:15.11.2022]