User:Zhalgin/Dulat Babatayuly

Dulat Babatayuly (1802–1874) is a Russian-Kazakh poet (akyn).

Biography
Born in 1802 in the village of Ayagoz, Semipalatinsk region, Omsk province (now the Ayagoz district of the East Kazakhstan region). Information about his life is practically absent. Occurs from the breed of syban tribe Naiman. Born into a nomad family, which did not prevent him from becoming one of the most educated Kazakhs of his time. In his youth, he studied Arabic at the aul molda. He studied and knew Arabic poetry. He is known for being one of the first among Kazakh poets who moved from oral creative improvisation to poetic works that were recorded and then printed. In addition, it is considered the first Kazakh poet who wrote satirical works.

The first collection of works by Dulat “Osietnam” was published in Kazan in 1880. His poems, praising the virtues, such as hard work and honesty, and criticizing vices, conceit and mendacity, social injustice, idleness, subservience, were widely known among the Kazakhs. In his works, he also often criticized the authorities of tsarist Russia and their attitude towards the Kazakhs, opposed the acceptance by the Kazakhs of Russian culture. The latter circumstance led to the fact that in Soviet times, his works, although published, did not have much fame.

Dulat introduced a new system of poetry in Kazakh poetry - the rhyme "a a a b". Abay adopted and further developed this rhyme in his poems. In the history of Kazakh literature, the works of Dulat were evaluated differently, and in the 1940-1950s they became the object of literary disputes. At a plenum of the Central Committee of the CPSU and a scientific conference on the main problems of Kazakh literature (1959), Dulat was assessed by a conservative poet. It was decided not to study the work of Dulat in high schools. Therefore, M. Auezov in the novel “The Path of Abai” displays Dulat under the assumed name Barlas. The scientific assessment of Dulat's creativity is connected with the research of K. Omiraliev, who collected and prepared all his works for publication. Works of the akyn were printed in various textbooks; in the collection “Works of Kazakh akyns of the XVIII — XIX centuries” (A., 1962); in the publication “Ush ғasyr zhyrlaydy” (“Works of Kazakh akyns of the pre-revolutionary period”, A., 1965). The poem "Espembet" was first published in the 5th issue of the journal "Zhuldyz". In 1991, a collection of works by Dulat “Zaman saz” was published. Many works of the poet are kept in the manuscript fund of the Central Scientific Library of the Academy of Sciences of Kazakhstan.

Literature

 * Bes ғasyr zhyrlaydy: In 2 t. Almaty, 1989. T. 1.

Links

 * Биография.

When writing this article, material from the “Kazakhstan. National Encyclopedia "(1998-2007), provided by the editorial" Kazakh encyclopedia "under the license Creative Commons BY-SA 3.0 Unported.