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Bathyal Zone or Bathypelagic

No sunlight is present so no photosynthesizing primary producers.

Creatures in this level of the ocean begin to have bioluminescence. The bioluminescence from these creatures is the only available light at this level. Due to the lack of light most predators lack the energy and musculature to hunt their prey. This leaves predators two main strategies: 1) "Sit and wait" or 2) actively using bioluminescent organs to lure prey in. Consistent with the lack of energy in the zone is creatures metabolisms. Creatures at this depth are characterized by their color (dark, red, or invisible), decreased gill structure, decreased musculature, and small eyes (if any).

Creatures at this depth have not only adapted to the extreme pressure and lack of light but have also adapted to the lack of food. At this level there is no primary producers due to the lack of light, USe of the food chain and energy cycle reveal only 5% of the food or energy produced in the epipelagic zone reaches the bathyal zone. Feeding strategies follow two main techniques. The first being a form of filter feeding. The creature merely opens it's mouth and swims collecting anything in its path. The second strategy is more interesting and involves attracting the food to you. Many creatures (anglerfish) use bioluminescent lures to accomplish this. Others (like the monognathid eel) adapt to secrete a substance which attracts their prey.

Bathyal Mating techniques are also far from typical due to the inability to physically see/find a mate.

Paddy Ryan, 'Deep-sea creatures - The bathypelagic zone', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/en/deep-sea-creatures/page-3 (accessed 16 April 2021)