User:Zodiacpuppy/Jami Valentine

Early life and education
Valentine was born in Philadelphia. During junior high she joined the Philadelphia Regional Introduction for Minorities to Engineering (PRIME) program, which prepared her for a career in physics or mathematics. She attended high school at Murrell Dobbins Vocational School, graduating in 1992. She completed a bachelor's degree in physics at Florida A&M University, which she graduated cum laude in 1996. Whilst at FAMU she was a "Life-Gets-Better" scholar, which allowed her to work as a summer research assistant at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. She also worked in the Center for Nonlinear and Nonequilibrium Aeroscience. She was the first African American woman to attend Brown University for her postgraduate studies in physics, earning a master's degree in 1998. Valentine studied under Professor Chia-Ling Chien at Johns Hopkins University, where she worked on spintronics. Her research focused on novel rare earth metals for memory applications. She successfully defended her dissertation, "Spin Polarization Measurements of Rare Earth Thin Films", in 2006.

Career
As a PhD student, Valentine realized that there were not many professors who looked like her. From 1973 to 2012, only 66 black American women earned PhDs in physics, compared to 22,172 white men. She became involved with national efforts to improve diversity in physics. She is the founder and CEO of the African American Women in Physics, Inc (also referred to as AAWIP), which honors the contributions of African American women to physics. She has made efforts to meet as many of them as she can. She has worked with the National Society of Black Physicists to increase awareness of underrepresented groups to physics.

Valentine joined the United States Patent and Trademark Office as an electrical engineer, working on semiconductor and spintronic memory devices. In 2012 she was appointed primary patent examiner.