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CHRONOLOGICAL TIMELINE

Summer 1909

Higher than average rainfall saturated the soil

Between July 6 and July 11, the equivalent of 1 month of rainfall fell

January 1, 1910

Unseasonably warm winter weather

Low pressure system across the Atlantic

January 1 - 15, 1910

Heavy rainfall

Snow and ice melted in mountains (collected in basin - River Seine)

January 20, 1910

People could no longer navigate the Seine (but people were still generally calm)

January 21, 1910

Utilities began to shut down (pneumatic and electricity)

January 23, 1910

Flood waters at the top of the quays

People began to flee

Sandbags were laid, artificial walls were built and windows were covered

January 24, 1910

1320 tons of garbage per day thrown into the Seine

Electricity fails

January 25, 1910

Explosion at a vinegar factory

Red cross shelters help

January 27, 1910

Evacuation begins

170,000 police, 9,000 military firemen and the army was called to assist

January 28, 1910

Seine was at it's peak (highest level in 250 years)

January 30, 1910

Clean up process begins

March 1910

Seine back to normal levels

CAUSES

Global warming causing unusually wet summers and warm winters

Location (surrounded by mountains)

Marshland

Underground sewer system created by Haussmann?

Seine acted like a basin

SOCIAL IMPACT

Waited too long to evacuate (the Seine always floods, they did not realize how serious it would be this time)

Uncleanliness returned (garbage thrown into Seine, sewers backed up into basements)

Paris was a very quickly growing 'world' city

In Jeffery H. Jackson's article, "Paris Under Water", he writes that the flood was the result of several factors; including abnormally heavy rainfall between June of 1909 and January of 1910, a warmer than usual winter that enabled melting snow to saturate the soil, and the modernization of the city. Because of the saturated soil, water could flow into the city not only from the direction of the river banks, but from beneath the ground as well. Additionally, the expansion of the sewer system and the construction of the Metro subway paved ways for the water to flood more quickly and more far.