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Kent Holtorf M.D. (born 1964), is a physician and entrepreneur practicing in Torrance, California. He is the founder and medical director of Holtorf Medical Group, a practice of five centers that reports to specialize in the treatment and management of what could be considered controversial and complex medical conditions or disorders, including fibromyalgia, adrenal fatigue, complex endocrine dysfunction, hypothyroidism, age management, chronic fatigue syndrome, low libido, Lyme disease, migraines, PMS, perimenopause and menopause. His practice focuses on alternative therapies that are not the standard of care for mainstream doctors. Holtorf maintains that mainstream medicine tends to be an average of 17 years behind the emergence of new and advanced treatments.

Professional status and publications
Kent Holtorf, M.D. is a graduate of the University of California at Los Angeles. He is also a graduate of the St. Louis University School of Medicine, where he received his doctorate of medicine then returned to UCLA for residency training “. He has maintained a clinical practice since 1994 and is a former medical director of the Fibromyalgia and Fatigue Centers, Inc. (FFC). Holtorf has published a number of endocrine reviews on complex topics in peer-reviewed journals on controversial diseases and treatments. He is a guest editor and peer-reviewer for a number of medical journals including Endocrine, and he is the current AOL Health Expert in Endocrinology. He is a founding member of The Bioidentical Hormone Initiative (BHI), and a founder and director of the National Academy of Hypothyroidism (NAH). In 2001, Holtorf established the Holtorf Medical Group.

Views and controversy
Kent Holtorf, M.D. has been the subject of criticism online and in the media for several years for his promotion of controversial diagnostic methods and. He has been an advocate of bioidentical hormones, which has been labeled at times as quack medicine. Some go so far as to call proponents of such treatments “snake oil salesmen”, after the colorful peddlers of the American West who have come to archetypally represent the popular ideal of the con artist. He published an extensive review on the safety and efficacy of bioidentical hormones in the peer-reviewed journal Post Graduate Medicine. The review concluded, “Physiological data and clinical outcomes demonstrate that bioidentical hormones are associated with lower risks, including the risk of breast cancer and cardiovascular disease, and are more efficacious than their synthetic and animal derived counterparts. Until evidence is found to the contrary, bioidentical hormones remain the preferred method of HRT. Further randomized controlled trials are needed to delineate these differences more clearly,”. The conclusions were contrary to mainstream opinions on the use of bioidentical hormones. Additionally, many argue that the extensive use of compounded bioidentical hormones is risky because they can be inconsistent and unstable and are not always subject to FDA oversight.

Dr. Holtorf has also taken an unpopular stance that children are over vaccinated and that vaccines may be associated with autism. Televised appearances and interviews have put Holtorf’s views front and center and invited criticism and debate. Among them, his 2009 appearance on Fox News in regards to the H1N1 vaccine, in which Holtorf plainly states he “definitely would not” administer the controversial vaccine to his own children, is one of the most highly deliberated. Holtorf likewise links high levels of vaccine adjuncts, such as mercury, to some cases of autism development in children during the interview and is questionably identified on the program as an infectious disease expert. He points to a number of studies showing a link between vaccines and autism and developmental delay, including a study showing male infants who got vaccinated with Hep B vaccine had a three fold increase in autism, and another study that showed that a single dose of thimerasol containing vaccine caused developmental delay in all the primates it was given to. Likewise, there are recent reports of Lyme disease associated autism, which supports the potential association of immune modulating conditions increasing the risk of autism. This view is contrary to the position statements of agencies such as the Center for Disease Control and the Institute of Medicine, and societies such as the American Academy of Pediatrics, who state that there is no credible evidence that vaccines have any link to autism

Diagnosis and treatment of hypothyroidism
Holtorf states that the standard thyroid tests which are typically relied upon by primary care and specialist physicians to diagnosis hypothyroidism (low thyroid) and determine dosage are insufficient because they focus on TSH levels as an indicator of thyroid function and miss a large percentage of people with low thyroid. This is discussed extensively on the website of his nonprofit organization the National Academy of Hypothyroidism. Instead, Holtorf advocates labs and diagnostics which look at all thyroid hormone levels, with a particular emphasis on free T3, triodothyronine, the active hormone both produced by the thyroid and converted from T4, levothyroxine, and reverse T3, a metabolite of T4 conversion usually created during times of stress or trauma. This is contrary to position statements by societies such as the American Thyroid Association and American Association of Clinical Endocrinologist. Holtorf condones treating hypothyroidism with compounded combinations of bioidentical thyroid hormones.

Diagnosis and treatment of CFS and fibromyalgia
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) and fibromyalgia are two separate complex disorders that share many overlapping symptoms and are often cross-diagnosed. Marked by debilitating symptoms like fatigue, chronic pain and sleep disturbance, both are widely acknowledged as two of the most confounding, little understood illnesses facing physicians today. FDA approved therapies for the treatment of fibromyalgia include Cymbalta (duloxetine hydrochloride), Lyrica (pregabalin), and Savella (milnacipran HCL); while there are no FDA appoved medications for the treatment of chronic fatigue syndrome. Other medications that are commonly used include tryicylcic antidepressants, SSRI antidepressants, Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and muscle relaxants. In contrast, Dr Holtorf advocates a controversial six step plan that involves the treatment of hormone imbalances, mitochondrial dysfunction, sleep disturbances, and chronic infections.

Diagnosis and treatment of Lyme disease
Lyme disease is a bacterial infection acquired from the bite of an infected tick. The Infectious Disease Society of America states that Lyme disease is easily treated with a few weeks of antibiotics and that chronic Lyme disease does not exist. Their position is that standard blood tests are an accurate means of determining the presence of Lyme disease. Holtorf and other physicians and groups, such as the International Lyme and Associated Diseases Society, argue that Lyme disease is far more common than mainstream medicine acknowledges and that many cases go undiagnosed and mistreated. He claims the standard testing is ineffective in as many as 90% of cases and that a host of undetectable coinfections may likewise be at play.

Weight loss
Holtorf maintains a controversial stance that weight loss is not an issue of diet and exercise, citing causes for the inability to lose weight as leptin resistance, undiagnosed hypothyroidism, environmental toxins, hypometabolism and dysfunctional weight set-point.

Leptin resistance is described as a condition in which overweight individuals are unable to respond to the hormone’s signals appropriately, leading to a starvation response in the body as well as hypothyroid symptoms at the cellular level where they are more difficult to detect. Holtorf treats leptin resistance in patients with a class of medications that are typically reserved for controlling blood sugar levels in diabetics.

A suppressed or “wrecked” metabolism is another cause of obesity commonly cited by Holtorf. Holtorf claims the metabolism, when subjected to repeated or overzealous dieting and exercise, will regulate itself by repressing thyroid hormone levels in the body, resulting in a hypothyroid state. Even the return to normal intake of food or levels of exercise will not be substantial enough to return the metabolism to its previous state. According to his website, holtorfmed.com, this leads to a permanently or chronically suppressed metabolism and Holtorf issues metabolic testing for patients exhibiting metabolism suppression, as well as labs denoting thyroid and other hormone levels.

Set-Point malfunction is another theory proposed and supported by Holtorf, which suggests that the body is programmed to return to a set weight and that this point can be altered by numerous medications, resulting in weight gain. Holtorf prescribes naltrexone, an opioid receptor blocker, used most often to treat opiate addiction, and buproprion (Wellbutrin), a common antidepressant, to reduce the body’s set-point.