User talk:Аружан Беристемоваа

Toponymy is the fruit of millennia. The names of lands, reservoirs and settlements are based on the rich language of our people and develop in connection with the history of the people. The history of toponymic names, the state of socio-economic and political changes are understandable. Toponymic names help to analyze and understand the secrets of historical sources, indicating the dates of certain events. Thus, toponyms are not only «the language of the earth, an unwritten book», but also the history of the earth and the history of the country, the historical chronicle of his life. They are important not only as a cultural monument of our past, but also today. Indeed, in the life of any society, at the level of history, there has never been an event without the participation of toponyms. Civilizations and cultures that are culturally and scientifically mature have studied science without neglecting any valuable heritage that will help unravel the mysteries of history. Each name has its own story, the secret of its birth. Mugalzhar region is one of the regions rich in such unsolved mysteries, because conflicts, uprisings, etc. In the Kazakh steppes, such historical events have taken place in the Mugalzhar region. Kandyagash was built in 1905-1907 in connection with the Orenburg-Tashkent railway. In 1967, the city was renamed Oktyabrsk in honor of the 50th anniversary of the October Revolution in terms of communist ideology during the Soviet era. In 1997, the name Kandyagash was returned. The origin of the toponym «Kandyagash» dates back to the 18th century – the period of the Kalmyk invasion.In 1738, a battle took place between the Kazakh troops and the Kalmyks of Torgauyt, led by Zhuryn batyr. According to one source, the Torgauits, taking advantage of Shakpak Zhanibek's marriage to Tuktibai and Ulan-Asyr's wedding, raided and destroyed Kazakh villages along the Zhem and Sagyz rivers. According to folklore, the hero of the Tama tribe of the Younger Zhuz, the son of the Kazakhs, Eset Kotibaruly, went to the land of the Middle Zhuz to help Zhanibek batyr in the fight against the Argyns. The herd of Bokenbai batyr also goes to Argyn. Taking the opportunity, the Kalmyks came in search of a forest tree in which the Kazakhs of the Small Zhuz lived, and suddenly attacked. Here the Kalmyks slaughtered the Kazakhs, did not spare them, robbed them and drove the women away. Therefore, among the people, the place where Kazakhs shed blood, mothers cried and beheaded many people was named Kandagach. The origin of the name of the village Zhuryn in the east of the Mugalzhar region is also of great historical importance. On the eve of the above-mentioned battle of Kandyagach, in the 18th century, there lived a Kalmyk warrior named Konon, a fighter. With his rage and courage, he threatened the people, used force, collected about a thousand signatures and proclaimed himself a khan. Among the warriors of Konon Khan, a hero named Zhuryn was appointed a warrior. During Konon Khan's life, the Kalmyk army led by Zhuryn Batyr organized destructive raids on the Kazakh people and caused great stress. In one of the battles, Zhuryn batyr will fight with the Kazakh hero Yesset Kotibaruly. In this battle, Eset batyr defeated the famous Kalmyk hero Zhuryn and once again showed courage. When the defeated Zhuryn agreed and promised to attack Konon, Eset batyr did not kill him. Zhuryn batyr went home in search of Akmandai, the son of Eset batyr, captured by the Kalmyks. Not finding Akmandai, Zhuryn fled from Kalmykia to the Kazakh steppes in the hope of making friends with Eset batyr.Admiring the hero's courage, loyalty and justice, Zhuryn returned, shook hands and promised to be friends forever. Eset batyr presented Zhurin a land plot about 25 km from Kandyagash. Zhuryn was an indomitable hero and a generous person. The place that Yesset Kotibaruly gave was called Zhuryn. At the foot of the Zhuryn station in the Mugalzhar region there is the Estemes ridge. Local residents associate the origin of the name of Mount Estemes with the main rider-slave Estemes, who grazed the horses of the black Kipchak Kobylanda. When Estemes Kul asked the young hero Kobylanda why noise was heard from Kyzylbas Kalmykia (Iran) on the other side of Atyrau when he was riding on this high hill, on a wide plain with intermittent sections, he said: They are giving their daughter Jacket in marriage and celebrating. Hearing this, Kobylandy went to Kyzylbas, competed with the Red Hero, won and took the Jacket. Thus, the ridge, which played a key role in the life of Kobylanda batyr, was named Estemes. The historic town of Jem (formerly TM3-5) was founded in 1960. At that time it was a closed military town based on a Russian military unit and was one of the most beautiful small military towns. In addition, there was a military school, 2 kindergartens, a music school, a military hospital, 17 hotels, the Central Universal Market, an officer's canteen, a large grocery store, a bank, a suburban airport, several residential buildings and hostels. The story says that later Asan Kaigy conquered Zhem. After satisfying the request of Abat Asan Kaigy, he moved to Zhem. Such a picturesque place is called «Zhem»! Mangystau scientist Serikbol Kondybai in his book «Esen Kazakh» wrote that «Asan and Abat take Ashybas-Shat from Zhanibek Khan.» Laureate of the State Prize Anes Saray «Shat – River Zhem». Hence the former name was «Shat». Asan Kaigy moved to Zhem. As if “We are pressing a piece of Asan,” he wrote. And this is our story about the river Zhem. Mugalzhar monuments are a complex of settlements that have survived from the Paleolithic era. It is concentrated on the western slopes of the Mugalzhar mountains in the Aktobe region, in the upper reaches of the Zhem River. 1999 – 2001 Kazakh-Russian joint archaeologist. Expedition. (supervisor A.P. Derevyanko). A total of about 30 monuments can be divided into parking lots and workshops. Stone tools are divided into groups with strong, medium and weak deflation. These tools are made from light gray and pink coarse-grained quartz sandstones. The total number of stone tools of ancient people is about 6 thousand. They are made from various rods, scrapers, stone chips and slices, etc. The abundance of raw materials in the Mugalzhar mountains allowed the ancient people to make various tools, and the natural conditions of the Pleistocene allowed them to hunt wild animals. At the monument to Mugalzhar, hats, turtle rods, scrapers typical of the Achaemenid period are often found. This shows that the Mugalzhar site is different from other Paleolithic complexes in the region. Toleubulak cave is located 1.5 km north of winter Toleubulak in the rural Egindibulak district. The petroglyphs were discovered in 2000 by a joint Kazakh-Russian expedition. The expedition included Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Doctor of Historical Sciences, renowned archaeologist A.P. Derevianko (scientific advisor), professor – Zh.K. Taimagambetov VT Petrin and others were. Scientists have identified and introduced into scientific circulation ancient settlements of the Stone Age on the territory of the Mugalzhar region. In 2006, the famous archaeologist Z. Samashev also carried out research. According to scientists, the Toleubulak cave was inhabited by people of the Stone Age about 10 thousand years ago. On the floor of the cave, engraved drawings 5 cm deep and 15-25 cm in diameter were found. Researchers put them on the head, hooves, etc. Of Grib. Similar. There are deep engraved lines as well. Some researchers have suggested that these symbols may even be the oldest symbols on Earth. In general, concrete research of these records is a matter of the future. Blue Mosque The mosque complex near the Or village is popularly known as the «Blue Mosque». This is a complex of mosques, madrasahs, prayer houses, as well as a residential building and an imam's house. Built on a wide flat area on the banks of the Or river. It is located 10 km southeast of the village of Borly. The monument was first registered in 1984 by an expedition led by Serik Azhigaliyev. The mausoleum is an octagonal domed building made of a mixture of fired and adobe bricks. The mausoleum was built at the end of the 19th century. Height – 6.70 meters, distance between the outer edges – 7.70 meters. There is a window near the entrance to the mausoleum.In 2007-2009, the mausoleum was reconstructed.

Mausoleum of Zhalimbet

The monument was first erected in the 19th century by the French explorer I. Castagne, then at the end of the 40s of the 20th century. Basenov. An expedition led by Azhigaliev arrived and registered.

Zhalimbet batyr is considered a contemporary of Kotibar Basenovich, one of the heroes who at that time took an active part in campaigns to defend the country. People called him «Zhaldy Zhalimbet».

The mausoleum of Zhalimbet batyr was built in a rectangular shape, burnt, mixed with adobe bricks. The door is built in the form of an arch. In some places there are traces of ornaments and images of plants. The dome is also made of bricks. The dome collapsed, and the height of the mausoleum is still 6 meters. The dimensions of the mausoleum are 9.70 x 9.70 meters. Located 10 km north-east of the village of Zhanazhol.