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Group 9 Wikipedia final Draft

Aiden Gries: SOCIAL (paragraph to be placed after "environment" heading)

Compared to Western countries, the United States has the highest rate of narcissistic personality disorder (NPD), where research suggests that those traits are commonly originated in children, as a direct result of parents who neglected to empathize with them (Yakeley, 2018, pg. 306). Traits of narcissism that originate in children result in behavior of extreme aggression, self-destruction, depression, and lack of empathy towards others (Yakeley, 2018, pg. 306). Alan Rappoport (2005), who discusses parents with NPD’s effect on their children, reflects on a specific case example, saying, “Mario’s father was so isolated and self-centered…Mario was often completely ignored by his father and learned to endure long hours of loneliness… ,” and while his mother was more engaged with him, “as long as he was careful to attend to her emotional needs and not to make demands of her,” this led to Mario having a difficult time developing connections, personal relationships, and interpersonal security (Rappoport, 2005, pg. 5). Parents with NPD, for their own defensive purposes, use their children to fulfill needs for control and direction, causing the parent-child relationship to be one that is difficult to form and obtain (Rappoport, 2005, pg. 5&6). A social setting is a commonplace for a narcissist to display their inappropriate behavior to others, differentiating based on their views and experiences, increasingly impacting those around them negatively (Rappoport, 2005, pg. 6).

Adrian Bolte: SOCIAL

Emily Fernandes: NEUROLOGICAL (paragraph to be placed after "pathophysiology" heading)

Participants who exhibit Narcissistic Personality Disorder were apart of in-depth experiments exploring the possibilities of Gray Matter abnormalities which compared the volume of patients global brain tissue along with another analysis of Fear and decision-making that goes in-depth with brain structure as well (Ronningstam & Schulze, etc., 2013, 1 & 2). The control group of the NPD patients' gray matter resulted in smaller volume within the left anterior insula while the independent group volume within the patient's left anterior insula reported being positively related to their emotional empathy (Ronningstam & Schulze, etc., 2013, 5 & 6). A whole-brain analysis introduced a smaller “GM” volume in the patient's front-paralimbic brain regions while the rostral and median cingulate cortex along with the dorsolateral and medial parts of the prefrontal cortex (Ronningstam & Schulze, etc., 2013, 8). With these findings, the neuroscientific overview releases data representing psychopathologies with possible links to fear processing in narcissism as well (Ronningstam & Schulze, etc., 2013, 8 & 9). A continuation of this research is in demand to further conduct these hypotheses and further examine the impact on patients with NPD and how these patients function with every-day decision making and how brain structure can affect a patient's empathy (Ronningstam & Schulze, etc., 2013, 10 & 10).

Brittany Lagerberg: PSYCHOLOGICAL (paragraph to be placed after "associated features" heading)

Narcissism disorder is a personality disorder where a person is self-absorbed and has a strong desire to feel important by others (Shirley et al., 208). Typically, a narcissist will feel the need to hold power over others (Shirley et al., 208). Those with this disorder often lack empathy for other individuals other than themselves (Shirley et al., 208). Psychologically, in the brain, there is a section that holds empathy and compassion known as the insular cortex which is found to have abnormalities along with the white matter and the cerebral cortex (thinking and reasoning) (Shirley et al., 208).

Works Cited

Davis, Shirley. “Shirley Davis.” CPTSDfoundationorg, 2018, cptsdfoundation.org/2020/06/22/the-neuroscience-of-narcissism-and-narcissistic-abuse

Rappoport, A. (2005). Co-Narcissism: How We Accommodate to Narcissistic Parents.

Vater, A., Ritter, K., Strunz, S., Ronningstam, E. F., Renneberg, B., & Roepke, S. (2014). Stability of narcissistic personality disorder: Tracking categorical and dimensional rating systems over a two-year period. Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment, 5(3), 305–313. https://doi.org/10.1037/per0000058

Yakeley, J. (2018). Current understanding of narcissism and narcissistic personality disorder. BJPsych Advances, 24(5), 305-315. doi:10.1192/bja.2018.20