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Apple Software: iOS 11 Update
Introduction In 2007, Apple Incorporation released a software for its’ devices that eventually led to the operating system we know today as iOS. Ever since, Apple has updated their software; announcing it at the Worldwide Developers Convention annually every September. Consumers have grown with Apple throughout the years, reaping the benefits and the consequences of each update. This year the innovative company introduced us to its’ new operating system, iOS 11. After it was announced in June, Apple worked to fix all of the issues for the newly anticipated features. It was released this month to the public, and Apple claims, “…with iOS 11, iPhone and iPad are the most powerful, personal, and intelligent devices they’ve ever been (IOS 11, 2017). With this update, many features are being installed onto millions of peoples’ mobile devices, specifically Apple iPhone 5s and later, the iPad mini 2 and later, the iPad Air and later, all iPad Pro models, and the sixth-generation iPod touch (IOS 11, 2017). Some new features that make the update so riveting include new designs and functions in the control center and lock screen, an iPad dock for better use of multitasking, an automatic do-not-disturb driving mode, screen recording, and so much more. This paper will analyze and explain iOS 11 current use, ethical and social implications, and its’ security and legal aspects as well.

Current Use iOS 11 is compatible with many of Apples devices. This gives everyone with older generation devices the opportunity to upgrade their look and experience as well. But for those who kept up with the new generations, critics argue that the new software update impacted iPad users more so than it did iPhone users.

Those experiencing the iOS 11 update through iPhone devices now have the ability to customize the control center. It’s now all in one place when you swipe up, similarly like you would in the iOS 10 software. This allowed for simpler accessibility to multiple functions of the phone at one touch. The new and improved Siri shall soon become consumers’ best friend as she gets smarter and more natural. Technology analyst Devindra Hardawar said he, “[I] appreciated Siri’s seamless translations”, (Hardaware, 2017) in reference to Siri’s new ability to translate given sentences into multiple different languages. She has also become consumer personalized; a factor that Apple wanted to emphasize in the releasement of the update. The “concrete example of Apple’s pronounced focus on intelligence” (Velazco, 2017) can also recognize and perform non-traditional commands. iOS 11 also introduced an automatic do-not-disturb feature that enables when it “[may] sense you might be driving (IOS 11, 2017). This came with the update to help keep cellular distraction from notifications to a minimal; as it disables them while the feature is activated. Apple configured this feature to automatically notify people who contacts you that you’re driving as well. For users experiencing iOS 11 through iPad devices, the game has changed. Consumers argue that the update was primarily developed with the purpose of engrossing more power within iPad devices.

iPad users with the update now have a dock at the bottom of the home screen allowing to switch between applications easier. Split view on iPads allow users to have multiple applications open and running at one time and accessible simultaneously. There is also a new Files app, that allows users to save, share, and store files all in one place. This feature also allows similar third-party filing applications like Dropbox and Google Drive to configure within the app to let users easily access all of their files at the same time. Dillet says, “In many ways, iOS on the iPad feels more like a traditional computer” (Dillet, 2017). These are only some of the current usages of the iOS 11 update on Apple devices, but Apple continues to release updates that enhance their consumers’ appreciation and familiarity with their products.  Ethical and Social Implications Some people love screenshots. Some people hate screenshots. Socially, screenshots can cause some big conflicts. However, screenshots offer positive usages as well. This years’ update has a new feature that’s practically the mother of the screenshot; screen recording. That is right, this means you can now record whatever you do on your device. Indeed, this is great if you want to capture gameplay, walk someone through a tutorial in an app or demonstrate a bug, (Clover, 2017) but this feature also gives opportunity for wrongful usage. Within the millennial generation, especially, this feature would allow for users to record content that may have been sent from a sender with primary intention for only the receivers “eyes-only- to-see”. This feature could be used for malicious intent of distribution of personal property.

“The most social tool of all…”, as Velazco said is the camera app (Velazco, 2017). When consumers update their phones, their camera will now have a new and improved Portrait in the camera application. Different lighting settings, filters, and now live photo actions which include looping, blurring, and reversing will be presented to put to use. You can imagine that consumers will go on a wild photo taking and sharing spree with these new camera features. However, a new image format will be set to default for their photos and videos. Apple is using the High Efficiency Image Format (HEIC) to save you storage space (Warren, 2017). While the intention of saving space on a device is ideal for camera lover, this update makes sharing content difficult because of incompatibilities. Specifically, as Warren writes about in his article iOS 11’s new image format might pose problems for PC users, “windows 10 does not fully support HEIC yet” (Warren, 2017). This will make social sharing difficult between PC and Apple users difficult. As for other social sharing, like posting on Instagram, iOS 11 transfers formats between photos and videos to be compatible with whatever program or device its being viewed on. Now that we’ve covered some social and ethical implications, lets’ focus on security and legal issues behind the use of iOS 11.

Security and Legal Aspects As stated earlier, consumers have grown with Apple throughout the years, reaping the benefits and the consequences of each update. Apple states that they are committed to keeping consumers personal information safe (Approach to Privacy, 2017). To accomplish this, the innovative company protects consumer information on [their] products, creates personalized experiences without using personal information, and gives developers tools to meet our strict guidelines (Approach to Privacy, 2017). This years’ update come with three new security features. Facial recognition software has been accomplished and will be replacing the familiar Touch I.D system starting in November when the iPhone X is released. Jeff John Roberts explained that this means instead of using a fingerprint to unlock the device or verify a transaction, the consumer will use the camera to scan their face (Roberts, 2017). From personal conversations about the topic, peers have expressed concern about the accuracy of the scan. Questions arose about identical twin users that have similar face symmetry, as well as the fact that it can still be used when one is not paying attention. The same way we can unlock Apple iPhones with a consumers’ fingerprint while they are sleep for example, is the same way facial recognition software can be misused as well. All us Enterprise users who use Apple products with the iOS 11 update face some security problems as well. Wi-Fi sharing is now available with the update. This essentially means that you can log others into your network just by moving their iOS device close to yours (Evans, 2017). Although this is great for individual consumers, enterprises will have to perform daily routine password resets for security purposes (Evans, 2017).

Plugging your iPhones and iPads into computers has now been taken to a new level of ‘trust’. Legally, Apple made law enforcements headache worsen when it comes to extracting data from devices. Now, a passcode is required before allowing the device you connect to the computer to be trusted. According to Roberts, this means law enforcement must know the password to transfer the iPhone contents to a computer (Roberts, 2017). There is a blurred area legally regarding this feature because the Fifth Amendment prohibits self-incrimination and it is questionable whether or not law enforcement can force disclosure of passwords. A ‘SOS’ emergency call feature has also been added in the update. Armerding explains that users just have to press the power button five times quickly and it will allow the user to make an emergency call (Armerding, 2017). This however disables the Touch I.D, requiring a passcode when trying to access the content within the phone again. This raises legal issues because there is no way for law enforcement to know if the user toggled the action to purposely disable the phone.

Conclusion Apple came off this year with iOS 11. All of the new features definitely had an impact of the consumer experience. Whether you enjoy talking to the new Siri or take advantage of the new Files app, the update is significantly one of the most thrilling updates of all the updates Apple has released. Although it has its’ set of social and legal complications, Apple continues to strive for greatness and I’m sure the world is waiting for the next update that’s bigger and better.

References

-	Armerding, T. (2017, September 13). New iOS 11 features create fresh headaches for  law enforcement. Retrieved September 30, 2017, from https://nakedsecurity.sophos.com/2017/09/12/new-ios11-features-create-fresh-headaches-for-law-enforcement/ Web article that explains legal complications within the iOS 11 update.

-	Clover, J. (2017, September 20). How to Record Your iPhone or iPad Screen in iOS 11. Retrieved September 23, 2017, from https://www.macrumors.com/how-to/record-iphone-ipad-screen-ios-11/ Web article guides iPhone users on how to turn on iOS 11’s new feature, screen recording from their control center. (Social & Ethical Implications)

-	Dillet, R. (2017). Apple introduces iOS 11. Article found on Proquest summarizes new features offered in iOS 11 update.

-	Evans, J. (2017). WWDC 2017: An enterprise perspective on Apple’s iOS 11. Framingham: Computerworld, Inc. Retrieved from https://search-proquest-com.mutex.gmu.edu/docview/1906663980?accountid=14541 Proquest article that lists different possible security aspects for enterprise users dealing with iOS 11 features.

-	Hardawar, D. (2017). iOS 11 review: A big deal for iPads, but not iPhones. Web article goes in depth about consumer likes and dislikes about iOS features. Very critically analyzes plenty of possible security and social implications.

-	Incorporation, A. (2017, September). IOS 11. Retrieved September 30, 2017, from https://www.apple.com/ios/ios-11/ Apple’s simple and short put explanations of their proud iOS 11 update features; available for consumers to see forthright as a preview.

-	Incorporation, A. (2017). Privacy - Approach to Privacy. Retrieved September 30, 2017, from https://www.apple.com/privacy/approach-to-privacy/ Information from the Apple website regarding their 3 approaches to privacy.

-	Roberts, J. J. (2017, September 12). IOS 11 Security: What You Need to Know. Retrieved September 30, 2017, from http://fortune.com/2017/09/12/iphone-8-apple-ios-11-security/ Web article that reviews legal and security aspects of the iOS 11 update on Apple Software.

-	Velazco, C. (2017). iOS 11 preview: Full of promise, especially on bigger screens. Web article that goes into depth about the difference between the update on iPhones vs. iPads.

-	Warren, T. (2017, September 19). IOS 11's new image format might pose problems for PC users. Retrieved September 23, 2017, from https://www.theverge.com/2017/9/19/16332192/apple-ios-11-heic-iphone-image-format Web article that explains a social implication within the iOS 11’s new camera features.