User talk:Baldudak

ABS Gypsum and Block Industry Co. (ABS GYPS)
ABS Gypsum and Block Industry Co. (ABS GYPS)incorporated in year 1979 implemented its first investment in Bilecik/ Bozüyük and started to manufacture in 1982 with a capacity of 67.000 tons/ year and attained the capacity 1.885.000 tons/ year as of year 2008. According to actual data, 65% of products manufactured and sold by ABS have been released to domestic market and 35% of it to foreign markets.

Gypsum used for repair purposes and in manufacture of decorative materials until ABS, acquired a new dimension with ABS and Turkish construction sector has been acquainted with new products such as Gypsum Block, Gypsum Plaster, Satin Finishing Gypsum, Filler and Adhesive Gypsums. In the course of years, it has taken its place among expedient construction materials. ABS initiated its investment moves in order to keep its leadership during the development process and established

Ankara/ Gölbaşı Gypsum Plasters plants in 1982, Ankara/Gölbaşı Gypsum Board plants in 1996, Mersin/Tarsus Gypsum Plasters plants in 1998, Erzurum/Aşkale Gypsum Plasters plants in 2003, Bilecik/ Bozüyük Plate plants in 2003, Mersin/Tarsus Gypsum Plate plants in 2008, Ukraine/Cernovtsi Mamaliga Gypsum Plasters plants in 2008

and continues to provide its services by realizing capacity increases. Furthermore, Sivas Gypsum Plaster plants of Sias Sivas Alçı Sanayi ve Ticaret A.Ş. making manufacture under brand BMT has been participated in ABS as a subsidiary.

History of Gypsum

20- 30 million years ago, millions of tons of gypsum have been inherited to us from seas evaporated during formation of the land we call Anatolia today. Gypsum that we come across some times in nature as anhydride (water-free calcium sulphate) and some times as gypsum mineral (calcium sulphate containing up to 21% water) is among our most ignored raw material resources. However, according to epigraphs in Çatalhöyük, use of gypsum goes to 10.000 years ago in Anatolia. And also it is known that it was used as a construction material in Sumerian, Assyria, Egypt, Greek and Roman Civilizations which are ruled in close territories afterwards and certainly interacted with each other. The most known and appreciated use of it in past is sculptures and ornaments made of albastron which is a kind of semi-transparent gypsum probably getting its name from Alabastron City in Ancient Egypt. This tradition especially widely-used by Etruscans even still consists an important source of income for Volterra village of Italia. The Great Fire of London in 1666 may be deemed as a milestone in terms of adoption of gypsum by large mass. Use of gypsum observed that it protected wooden buildings during this disaster was made obligatory in Paris and thus, gypsum plaster is called as plaster of Paris. As a result of use of gypsum in soil reclamation as of 1700 especially as a natural fertilizer providing calcium and sulphur for products such as vegetables, peanut, cotton, potato we guess, the first scientific research was published by French chemist Lavoisier in 18th century. In the next two centuries gypsum culture of humanity developed so much that today, more than 100 countries consume more than 100 million tons of gypsum.

Upon examination of developed countries’ consummation, it is possible to see that agricultural use of gypsum is 5% of the total. Once again, 10-15% of the total is consumed in applications which may be called as industrial use. This group includes many activities particularly manufacture of cement and glass industry, diesinking, drilling, animal feed and insecticides manufacture, dye, adhesive, plastic manufacture, food and pharmaceutical industry. The remaining portion of gypsum is used in manufacture of gypsum sorts used in construction sector as powder products such as gypsum plaster, satin finishing gypsum as well as indoor partitions made of gypsum and topping construction components.

Turkey realizing advantages of gypsum as a construction material in last ten years uses annually one million tons of gypsum in buildings in the beginning of 00’s. However, our country has to use much more of it in order to meet modern housing needs in a rational manner and in a generation.

Gypsum Facilitates Life Gypsum facilitates life. Gypsum is a  natural material. Gypsum having a crystal structure transforms into semi- hydrate when it is cooked by loosing three quarter of its water content through a chemical reaction. Powder gypsum transforms into gypsum when it is mixed with water as it is in nature by regaining its water content that it lost during the cooking process. Since gypsum is made of a natural material and contains less than 1% organic substance, it is a material which doesn’t harm environment and human health. Gypsum is the most convenient material for human skin having a pH value (5,5). Gypsum quickly absorbs indoor moisture and returns it to the environment when air becomes dry. Therefore, it balances moisture. Gypsum is fire- retardant since it is classified as “Grade A1 Incombustible” according to European Standards. It protects buildings against fire. Gypsum is an ideal material for repair and modification works of old buildings and fractures and texture differences don’t appear between the previous plaster and new plaster. Gypsum accommodates very easily to moulds and details when it is mixed with appropriate amount of water, so it takes shape easily. Gypsum provides sound insulation by absorbing sound waves thanks to cavities in its texture. Gypsum gives a finished and clean view to buildings due to its white color. Gypsum is lighter compared to other classic construction materials (sand, cement, mortar). Thanks to its lightness it decreases load of buildings and provides savings in transportation costs. Furthermore, it saves time since it is applied as a single layer compared to other materials. Gypsum is manufactured with less energy compared to other construction materials (lime, cement…). Therefore, it provides energy savings to national economy. Gypsum heats in winter season and chills in summer season due to its porous structure. Therefore it contributes to heat insulation. Gypsum dries more quickly compared to other classic coating materials and prepares for dying.