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Saini (community)
Saini is a caste of North India who were traditionally landowners (zamindars) and farmers. Sainis are the descendants of a king, Shurasena, as well as of Krishna and Porus, and to be related to the ancient Shoorsaini clan, noted in Puranic literature. The 1901 census noted that people using the Shoorsaini name were by then found only in Punjab, Haryana, Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Rajasthan, uttar pradesh and Delhi. Sainis also claim themselves to be Mali Rajputs.

Saini Country Primarily India Populated states Uttar pradesh, Punjab, India, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Chandigarh and Delhi As both a statutory agricultural tribe and a designated martial race during the British Raj era that followed the Indian Rebellion of 1857, Sainis had been chiefly engaged in both agriculture and military service since then until recent times. However, since the independence of India, Sainis have diversified into different trades and professions other than military and agriculture. Sainis are now also seen in increasing numbers as businessmen, lawyers, professors, civil servants, engineers, doctors and research scientists, etc.

Sainis profess in both Hinduism and Sikhism. They have a national organisation called Saini Rajput Mahasabha located in Delhi, established in 1920.

History Mythology The Sainis of Jalandhar and Hoshiarpur districts claim to be the descendants of the Rajputs of the Yaduvanshi or Surasena lineage who ruled these kingdoms, who came to these areas to avoid forced conversion to Islam.

Academic Gahlot and Banshidhar (1989) indicate some commonality in origin with Rajput Malis of Rajputana who are also stated to be of Rajput descent but these scholars add that out of the two the Sainis continued to maintain their Rajput character despite adoption of agriculture in the era of Muslim ascendancy. The former were also included as part of Rajputs in Marwar State Census of 1891. Dak (1994), writing for Anthropological Survey of India, also clarified the difference for the Sainis of Haryana.

British era During the British period Sainis were classified as both a statutory agricultural tribe and a martial race. The latter was an administrative device based on the now-discredited theories of scientific racism: ethnic communities were categorised as being either martial or non-martial, with the latter being those who were thought to be unfit to serve in armies due to their sedentary lifestyles.

Some Saini landlords were also appointed as zaildars, or revenue-collectors, in various districts.

Marriage Traditionally, Sainis have been married through Vedic ceremonies performed by Brahmins of Sanatani tradition. However, Sikh Sainis marry by Anand Karaj ritual.

According to the Anthropological Survey of India, "The Saini are endogamous community and observe exogamy at village and gotra level." Remarriage after the death of a spouse is permitted nowadays, as is divorce.

Notable people

Dhyanchand saini (indian hockey player) Subedar Joginder Singh saini ((param vir chakar ) (1962 indo China war) indian army services) Sandeep Singh saini (indian hockey player ) Gurdan Saini (Rajput General- died in Ranthambore)[ Harnam Singh Saini (Ghadar movement, died - hanged on March 16, 1917 after Lahore Conspiracy Case trial) Sharan Kaur pabla (Sikh martyr) Maya singh sainu (Sikh martyr) Asha saini(Flora saini(indian actress) Dr Roman saini(mbbs doctor and youngest IAS officer) Angela saini (British science journalist) Angela saini (Canadian pop star) Shree saini (miss India USA 2018 ) Shurita manushkani saini ( miss India USA 1980 first miss india USA ) Sharan Kaur saini ( miss India USA 1999) Captain gurabachan Singh salaria (Indian army services(param virgin chakra)) Nek Chand saini ( creator of rock garden) Sadhu Singh hamdard(Padma shree) Dr pritam saini(author) Dr arjit saini (author) Kulbir Bhaura, Gold Medal, Seoul Olympics, 1988 Baljit Singh Saini, Gold Medal, Asian Games,  Olympian Balwant (Bal) Singh Saini, former British Hockey International Nirmal Saini, Former India Volleyball Captain (women) Rupa Saini, Former India Hockey Captain (women) Prema Saini, Former Hockey International Ashbeer Saini, India No.1 Junior Golfer Tarseme Singh saini (singer) Soni pabla(singer) Surinder saini (singer) Avtar Saini (Designer of Intel's Pentium Microprocessor) Ajaypal Singh banga ( master card CEO) Prabh saini ( singer) Captain majit saini (IPS) Asha saini( Arjun award) Baljit Singh saini ( Arjun award) Gaurav Singh saini ( national bravery award)

Dahiya.nitesh (talk) 06:23, 25 September 2018 (UTC)