User talk:Eshamehmood

Liposome-based Drug Delivery''' Liposomes are tiny, globular vesicles composed of lipid bilayers. They range in size from 50-1000 nm and are the most suitable drug delivery systems. Alec Bangham discovered liposomes in 1960. Among various drug delivery systems, liposomes marked an advancement for carrying a wide range of molecules to the specific location and currently numerous formulations are used clinically [1]. It has been shown that liposomes enhance the bioavailability of drug molecules, make them stable, capable of incorporating both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs and are decomposable and biocompatible. The first liposome based formulation licensed in 1974 [2]. Liposomes have been utilized to enhance the therapeutic window of active molecules by increasing their absorption, decrease toxicity and increase their half-life in body [3]. Due to their ability to encapsulate both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drug molecules and ease of drug delivery specifically to tumor sites, liposomes are considered the most studied and extensively utilized system in drug delivery applications [1]. Types They are categorized into four types, conventional liposomes, PEGylated, Ligand-targeted and theranostic liposomes. Theranostic liposomes is the combination of all the three types and usually comprises on a nanoparticle together with the therapeutic substance [4]. Since liposomes have composition similar to cell membrane, they can be easily designed with surface targeting drug molecules. These hasten the flow of lipophilic drugs from the liposomal lipid layer into the targeted cell membrane [5]. Another advantage of liposome-based drug delivery is that they protect the drug molecules from enzymes, bile salts and natural flora present in the intestine. In spite of numerous advantages, delivery of liposomes through oral route faced many hurdles which include complications in mass production, mutability in the gut and have difficulty passing through biological membranes. Both the permeability and instability of liposomes can be greatly enhanced by modifying their outer membrane and the addition of ligand on the surface [6]. The problems faced by conventional liposomes can be overcome by functionalization as PEGylated liposomes have increased retention time. Liposomes functionalize with radioactive substance utilized to identify the distribution of liposomes in body and also, they are capable of delivering two drugs simultaneously [7].

References 1.	Akbarzadeh A, Rezaei-Sadabady R, Davaran S, Joo SW, Zarghami N, Hanifehpour Y, et al. Liposome: classification, preparation, and applications. Nanoscale research letters. 2013;8(1):102. 2.	He H, Lu Y, Qi J, Zhu Q, Chen Z, Wu W. Adapting liposomes for oral drug delivery. Acta pharmaceutica sinica B. 2019;9(1):36-48. 3.	Çağdaş M, Sezer AD, Bucak S. Liposomes as potential drug carrier systems for drug delivery. Application of nanotechnology in drug delivery: IntechOpen; 2014. 4.	Patra JK, Das G, Fraceto LF, Campos EVR, del Pilar Rodriguez-Torres M, Acosta-Torres LS, et al. Nano based drug delivery systems: recent developments and future prospects. Journal of nanobiotechnology. 2018;16(1):71. 5.	Rizvi SA, Saleh AM. Applications of nanoparticle systems in drug delivery technology. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal. 2018;26(1):64-70. 6.	Wang Y, Grainger DW. Lyophilized liposome-based parenteral drug development: Reviewing complex product design strategies and current regulatory environments. Advanced drug delivery reviews. 2019. 7.	Hossen S, Hossain MK, Basher M, Mia M, Rahman M, Uddin MJ. Smart nanocarrier-based drug delivery systems for cancer therapy and toxicity studies: A review. Journal of advanced research. 2019;15:1-18.

Your submission at Articles for creation: sandbox (December 6)
 Your recent article submission to Articles for Creation has been reviewed! Unfortunately, it has not been accepted at this time. The reason left by Whispering was:

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 Whispering ( t ) 02:04, 6 December 2019 (UTC)

Your draft article, User:Eshamehmood/sandbox


Hello, Eshamehmood. It has been over six months since you last edited the Articles for Creation submission or Draft page you started, "sandbox".

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Thank you for your submission to Wikipedia! UnitedStatesian (talk) 01:31, 6 June 2020 (UTC)