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African and Caribbean Dance By Edward Amoah

Many of the dances that we see today owe their creation to traditional African dance. African dance incorporates much of culture that is avalible in the communities that they are created in to its development. The dances come from many different places all over Africa and incorporates different musical and movement styles to show rhythm and complete body articulation through dance. These dances are still being used today in the same places they originated in and all across the world as well.

Traditional dance in Africa occurs collectively, expressing the life of the community more than that of individuals or couples. Early commentators consistently commented on the absence of close couple dancing: such dancing was thought immoral in many traditional African societies.[4] In all sub-Saharan African dance, there seems to be no evidence for sustained, one-to-one male-female partnering anywhere before the late colonial era when it was apparently considered in distinctly poor taste.[5] For the Yoruba, to give a specific example, touching while dancing is not common except in special circumstances.[6] The only partner dance associated with African dances would be the Bottle Dance of the Mankon People in the Northwest Region of Cameroon or the Assiko from the Douala people that involve an interaction of Man and Woman and the way that they charm each other.

Characteristics

The most widely used musical instrument in Africa is the human voice.[13] Nomadic groups such as the Maasai do not traditionally use drums. In an African community, coming together in response to the beating of the drum is an opportunity to give one another a sense of belonging and of solidarity, a time to connect with each other and be part of a collective rhythm of the life in which young and old, rich and poor, men and women are all invited to contribute to the society. Master dancers and drummers instruct children to learn dances exactly as taught without variation. Improvisation or a new variation comes only after one has mastered the dance, performed, and has received the appreciation of spectators and the sanction of village elders.[10] "Musical training" in African societies begins at birth with cradle songs, and continues on the backs of relatives both at work and at festivals and other social events. Throughout western and central Africa child's play typically includes games that develop skills in understanding rhythms.[11] Bodwich, an early European observer, observed that the musicians' maintained strict time (i.e. concern for the basic pulse or beat), noting that " children will move their heads and limbs, while on their mother's backs, in exact unison with the tune which is playing."[12] The sounding of three beats against two, known as a polyrhythm, is experienced in everyday life and helps develop a two-dimensional attitude to rhythm.

Examples

Indlamu- from zulu culture Kpanlogo- from the capital city of Accra Moribayassa - from the people of Guinea Eskista- from Ethiopia Atilogwu- from Eastern Nigeria Aduma- from Kenya Pat Pat- from the Jola people of Senegal San Dancing- from a sand tribe in Botswana Ewegh- from the Tuareg tribe of North Africa Gwara Gwara Dance – South Africa Borrowdale Dance – Zimbabwe Etighi and Shoki Dances – Nigeria/West Africa Azonto Dance – Ghana/Nigeria Ndombolo Dance – Congo Séga Dance – Mauritius

African Diaspora

African Diaspora may be a new term for many people. We don’t hear it used very often in conversation or writing. African Diaspora is the term commonly used to describe the mass dispersion of peoples from Africa during the Transatlantic Slave Trades, from the 1500s to the 1800s. This Diaspora took millions of people from Western and Central Africa to diﬀerent regions throughout the Americas and the Caribbean. These African ancestors landed in regions that featured diﬀerent local foods and cuisines, as well as other cultural inﬂuences, that shaped their unique cooking styles. The overall pattern of a plant-based, colorful diet based on vegetables, fruits, tubers and grains, nuts, healthy oils and seafood (where available) was shared throughout these four regions, but their cultural distinctions have reason to be celebrated. Their tastes can be shared and tried by people everywhere.The different demoninations include Afro-Caribbean, Afro-Chilean, Afro-Colombian, Afro-Costa Rican, Afro-Cubans, Afro-Descendant, Afro-Dominican (Dominica) and many many others.

See also:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K9cPJsou6_c https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a6JEyAyb8us&list=RDa6JEyAyb8us https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WzI9taOCjAA https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HkGfy0u2ECU https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WFXhPPk0V08 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oUcxqlwVUMs https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HHy2febbcmY https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vKstmO5oLzI

References:

https://oldwayspt.org/traditional-diets/african-heritage-diet/african-diaspora-cultures https://www.cnn.com/2013/11/01/opinion/africas-secret-weapon-diaspora/index.html http://abolition.nypl.org/essays/us_slave_trade/7/ https://www.un.org/africarenewal/magazine/december-2018-march-2019/2019-year-return-african-diaspora

Bibliography

“2019: Year of Return for African Diaspora | Africa Renewal.” United Nations, United Nations, www.un.org/africarenewal/magazine/december-2018-march-2019/2019-year-return-african-diaspora. “African Diaspora Cultures.” Oldways, oldwayspt.org/traditional-diets/african-heritage-diet/african-diaspora-cultures. Kajunju, Amini. “Africa's Secret Weapon: The Diaspora.” CNN, Cable News Network, 1 Nov. 2013, www.cnn.com/2013/11/01/opinion/africas-secret-weapon-diaspora/index.html. “The Abolition of The Slave Trade.” The Creation of the African Diaspora - U.S. Slave Trade - The Abolition of The Slave Trade, abolition.nypl.org/essays/us_slave_trade/7/.

External links:

www.CNN.com WWW.UN.com The Association of Dance of the African Diaspora "Black Dance-USA: A Celebration in Movement" African Soul International Alvin Ailey Dance Theatre CK Ladzekpo – African Music and Dance African Dance – the cultural background Dance Afreaka