User talk:Godfreymponzi33

INTRODUCTION IN SUPER COMPUTER A supercomputer is a computer that performs at or near the currently highest operational rate for computers. Traditionally, supercomputers have been used for scientific and engineering applications that must handle very large databases or do a great amount of computation (or both). Although advances like multi-core processors and GPGPUs (general-purpose graphics processing units) have enabled powerful machines for personal use (see:desktop supercomputer, GPU supercomputer), by definition, a supercomputer is exceptional in terms of performance.

Super Computers are the fasted computers we know of. They are characterized by very high computational speeds and a immense number of processors. They are usually owned by countries or corporation and never for personal use. In fact a supercomputer can simply fill a big room.

	A supercomputer is a computer at the frontline of current processing capacity, particularly speed of calculation. How do they build them? Our normal computers have a single processor with multiple cores. Supercomputers are designed with a large number of processors. Lets consider a team that wants to build a supercomputer.

1.	First they have to choose the types of processors they want to use. The processor manufacturers are no strangers, Intel, AMD or nVidia. 2.	The team also chooses the amount of RAM they have to use. 3.	Now the processors and RAM are inserted into nodes. A node a may contain different types of processors. The type and number of processors, the amount of RAM is design dependent. 4.	These nodes are interconnected forming a Blade.

Just like we measure the speed of a car in kilometers per hour (kmph), we measure speed of supercomputers in FLOPS or Floating-point Operations Per Second. Simply, floating point operations means computations that involve very large decimal numbers, usually 300 digits in a single number.

What is supercomputer used for ? Supercomputers do not garner as much press as they once did, because modern servers are powerful enough for a wide range of tasks. However, supercomputers are still used for a wide range of tasks. In the United States, a supercomputer is used to protect nuclear weapons, and some suspect that government supercomputers are used to break difficult cryptography problems. Today, supercomputers are often used for scientific pursuits. Because the Earth's weather system is so complex, supercomputers are needed to test various methods of predicting the weather. Similarly, supercomputers are used to test models of the Big Bang and other events thought to occur in the universe. The definition of what a supercomputer is has changed over time thanks to distributed processing technology. Deep Blue, a chess-playing supercomputer created by IBM, defeated Garry Kasparov at chess in 1996. Because today's computers are so much faster than they were in the 1990s, even a standard desktop computer can beat top-level human competitors. Sophisticated networking infrastructure makes creating a supercomputer simpler than in the past as adding new nodes to a system is comparatively simple.

Why super computers? Supercomputers are mainly used for tasks which require immense computational power. Such tasks, if attempted on the normal computers will take an incredibly long time, sometimes several years to complete. Following tasks require a supercomputer : 	problems including quantum physics 	weather forecasting 	climate research 	oil and gas exploration 	molecular modeling 	physical simulations

THE IMPORTANCE OF SUPERCOMPUTING IN OUR LIFE Through our engagement with businesses, researchers, academics, teachers and students across multiple disciplines we have discovered a large and diverse demand for skills enhancement and training in high performance computing (HPC). Businesses and individuals need such skills to take advantage of the latest technology to support advances in science and drive improvements to products and services which in turn contribute to the wider economy. HPC or ‘supercomputing’ is one of many technologies which can have applications right across educational syllabuses, for example, assisting students in mining data or performing simulations that would be too large or too slow to run on desktop computers. What’s particularly enthusing is that it isn’t just Computer Science or Information and Communication Technology departments that are interested; prospective trainees for a wide range of subjects, from Biology to Marketing, are keen to learn how they can take advantage of new technology developments to speed up innovation. We’ve also seen significant demand from secondary schools; this bodes very well for Wales, as enthusiasm is needed at an early age to produce a pipeline of HPC specialists from education to industry and ensure a strong knowledge economy.

High-Performance Computing (HPC)

High-performance computing (HPC) is the use of super computers and parallel processing techniques for solving complex computational problems. HPC technology focuses on developing parallel processing algorithms and systems by incorporating both administration and parallel computational techniques.

High-performance computing is typically used for solving advanced problems and performing research activities through computer modeling, simulation and analysis. HPC systems have the ability to deliver sustained performance through the concurrent use of computing resources.

The terms high-performance computing and supercomputing are sometimes used interchangeably. High-performance computing (HPC) evolved due to meet increasing demands for processing speed. HPC brings together several technologies such as computer architecture, algorithms, programs and electronics, and system software under a single canopy to solve advanced problems effectively and quickly. A highly efficient HPC system requires a high-bandwidth, low-latency network to connect multiple nodes and clusters.

HPC technology is implemented in multidisciplinary areas including: •	Biosciences •	Geographical data •	Oil and gas industry modeling •	Electronic design automation •	Climate modeling •	Media and entertainment History of the first super computer The first Atlas was officially commissioned on 7 December 1962, nearly three years after the Cray CDC 6600 supercomputer was introduced, as one of the world's first supercomputers - and was considered to be the most powerful computer in England and for a very short time was considered to be one of the most powerful ... THE FOLLOWING ARE THE BENEFITS OF SUPER COMPUTER Supercomputers have incredible processing speeds that can turn basic data into valuable insights in a matter of seconds, minutes or days compared to the years or even decades it would have taken plain human effort. Here are five real-life applications of supercomputing technology that might surprise you: Smog control By running meteorological data through high-power supercomputers, scientists can predict pollution levels in major pollution-prone cities like Beijing. These processes can help identify the source and dispersal pattern of pollutants across the city with a street-level degree of detail days in advance. Cancer research Because of the sheer volume of cancer-related data supercomputers can process in a short period of time, medical researchers have the bandwidth to sequence and characterize cancer to an unprecedented depth, enabling a more complete understanding of the mechanisms that lead to genetic instability and ultimately, cancer itself. Automobile safety ratings When auto manufacturers subject their vehicles to safety testing, a large portion of a vehicle’s safety rating is based on complex computer-generated scenarios, where supercomputers crunch equations involving hundreds of different variables. These computer-generated scenarios, along with data taken from the crash tests themselves, is analyzed to determine safety ratings. Fraud protection From thwarting mail to financial transaction fraud, supercomputing plays a role in fraud protection. For example, PayPal processes more than 13 million financial transactions a day and deployed supercomputers to ensure fraud was caught early. In the first year, supercomputers analyzed PayPal’s big data and identified $710 million in fraud that would have otherwise been undetected. Big rig fuel efficiency Thanks to supercomputer research, big rig trucks now wear “skirts.” Research done by supercomputers showed that this aerodynamic design reduces drag and increases efficiency enough that operators can save up to $5,000 per truck, per year in fuel costs. Conclusion The number of supercomputers in the world increases rapidly. They are sometimes seen as an indication of a country’s technological advancement and surely they are. There is an estimation that in future, personal computers can run 10 times more faster than today’s supercomputers. But a new technology, Exascale computing which would make supercomputers run a 1000 times faster than their present counterparts. Our quest of faster and more efficient computers is insatiable. We will keep on building systems that are better than the last one. Maybe some day we can build the kind of supercomputers that will simulate the human brain. That would be the holy grail of Artificial Intelligence. And our scientists say that it is not so far.

Speedy deletion nomination of User:Godfreymponzi33


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