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Summary
This page provides an overview of two key documents identifying cybersecurity vulnerabilities and foreign interference in the 2020 U.S. elections, focusing on Dominion Voting Systems and Edison Research. These documents detail cyber threats, evidence of manipulation, and call for increased accountability and cybersecurity standards in election systems.

Document 1
Affidavit on Cybersecurity Vulnerabilities

Link to Document: https://www.courts.state.co.us/userfiles/file/Court_Probation/02nd_Judicial_District/Denver_District_Court/Cases%20of%20Interest/20CV34319/003/1246.pdf

Key Points

1.	Expert Declaration: The affidavit is from an electronic intelligence analyst and white hat hacker, who claims to have used industry-standard cyber forensics tools to uncover vulnerabilities in voting systems.

2.	Network Scans: Public scans of Dominion and Edison systems revealed unencrypted passwords, connections to servers in Serbia and Iran, and potential Chinese access.

3.	Patents and Ownership: Dominion sold patents to China, and Edison Research is connected to BMA Capital Management, which has ties to Iran.

4.	Vulnerabilities: Voting systems use Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) components, often sourced from China, making them susceptible to manipulation. Voting System Test Laboratories (VSTLs) like Pro V&V and SLI Gaming are criticized for lacking proper accreditation. 5.	Algorithm Manipulation: It is suggested that algorithms in voting machines can be manipulated to change election outcomes without detection, highlighting issues such as "block allocation" of votes and vote shuffling.

6.	Historical Precedents: The document cites past elections, both domestic and international, where similar software and methodologies allegedly influenced results.

7.	Government and Foreign Interference: Accusations are made against previous U.S. administrations and foreign entities for colluding to influence elections through compromised voting systems.

8.	Call for Accountability: The affidavit emphasizes the need for stringent cybersecurity standards and accountability for those involved in procuring and managing election software and hardware. The document concludes with a declaration under penalty of perjury that the statements made are true and correct to the best of the affiant's knowledge.

Document 2: Declaration of Russell James Ramsland, Jr.

Link to Document: https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.azd.1255923/gov.uscourts.azd.1255923.1.9.pdf

Key Points

1.	Background: Ramsland holds an MBA from Harvard and a political science degree from Duke. He has worked with NASA, MIT, and various technical government panels.

2.	ASOG: Ramsland is part of the management team of Allied Security Operations Group (ASOG), specializing in cybersecurity, open-source investigation, and network penetration testing.

3.	Findings in Dallas, Texas: In 2018, ASOG found numerous error messages in the ES&S Election Management System (EMS) during the Dallas General Election, which were ignored and overridden by the operator.

4.	18-Month Study: ASOG conducted an 18-month study on major EMS providers in the U.S., finding vulnerabilities and evidence of vote tampering in the Dominion and ES&S systems.

5.	Vulnerabilities: Ramsland reports that both systems lack protected real-time audit logs, allowing for the possibility of arbitrary log entry modification.

6.	Manipulation Evidence: Ramsland and his team observed significant anomalies in the 2020 election results, suggesting manipulation in Arizona, with specific instances in Maricopa and Pima counties.

7.	Red Flags: Specific red flags include a reported instance in Antrim County, Michigan, where 6,000 votes were electronically switched from Trump to Biden, and issues in Dallas County with voter record manipulation.

8.	Statistical Anomalies: High voter turnout percentages in many precincts and a suspicious consistency in vote percentages for Biden over time indicate possible algorithmic manipulation.

9.	Iranian Cyber Activity: The document also references a cybersecurity advisory about an Iranian APT actor targeting U.S. election websites, attempting to exploit vulnerabilities and obtain voter registration data.

Ramsland concludes that the observed statistical anomalies and system vulnerabilities compel a reasonable degree of certainty that the vote counts in certain areas, particularly in Arizona, contain a significant number of illegal votes that should be disregarded.

External Court Document Links •	https://www.courts.state.co.us/userfiles/file/Court_Probation/02nd_Judicial_District/Denver_District_Court/Cases%20of%20Interest/20CV34319/003/1246.pdf •	https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.azd.1255923/gov.uscourts.azd.1255923.1.9.pdf

See Also

•	2020 United States presidential election •	Dominion Voting Systems •	Edison Research •	Cybersecurity in elections •	Foreign interference in elections

This Wikipedia page serves as a repository for key documents and summaries related to the allegations of cybersecurity vulnerabilities and foreign interference in the 2020 U.S. elections.

The provided links offer direct access to the full documents for further reading and analysis.

Summary of Crimes and Corresponding U.S. Codes:

1.	Election Fraud: 52 U.S. Code § 20511 - Criminal penalties for election fraud.

2.	Computer Fraud: 18 U.S. Code § 1030 - Fraud and related activity in connection with computers.

3.	Wire Fraud: 18 U.S. Code § 1343 - Fraud by wire, radio, or television.

4.	Cyber Espionage: 18 U.S. Code § 1030(a)(1) - Unauthorized access to obtain information for national security or foreign intelligence.

5.	Tampering with Public Records: 18 U.S. Code § 2071 - Concealment, removal, or mutilation of records.

6.	Identity Theft: 18 U.S. Code § 1028 - Fraud and related activity in connection with identification documents, authentication features, and information.

7.	Conspiracy: 18 U.S. Code § 371 - Conspiracy to commit offense or to defraud the United States.

8.	Bribery: 18 U.S. Code § 201 - Bribery of public officials and witnesses.

9.	Misuse of Public Office: 18 U.S. Code § 201 - Bribery of public officials and witnesses (covers misuse of office as well).

10.	Intellectual Property Theft: 18 U.S. Code § 1832 - Theft of trade secrets. 11.	Espionage: 18 U.S. Code § 793 - Gathering, transmitting, or losing defense information.

12.	Hacking: 18 U.S. Code § 1030 - Fraud and related activity in connection with computers (specific sections address unauthorized access and hacking).

13.	Obstruction of Justice: 18 U.S. Code § 1503 - Influencing or injuring officer or juror generally.

14.	Illegal Data Access: 18 U.S. Code § 1030 - Fraud and related activity in connection with computers (covers unauthorized access to data).

15.	Forgery: 18 U.S. Code § 494 - Contractors' bonds, bids, and public records forgery.

16.	Violation of Election Laws: 52 U.S. Code § 20511 - Criminal penalties for election fraud; various sections under Title 52 - Voting and Elections.

17.	Bank Fraud: 18 U.S. Code § 1344 - Bank fraud.