User talk:Jaiminibhattacharyya

Syllabus for B.Tech Electronics Engineering
Syllabus for B.Tech Electronics Engineering

EC401                                                            Digital Electronics

L T P  CREDITS 3 1  2  5

Ebers-moll model, analysis of transistor as switch. 2

Number systems and codes; Boolean algebra and logic gates; Minimization using Karnaugh map. NAND and NOR gate implementation. 4

Combinational Systems : Combinational Logic Circuit Design, code converters BCD to Seven Segment decoder, 4-bit magnitude Comparator, Decoders. 5

Design of the circuits using Decoders, MUX and DEMUX, Design of the circuits using multiplexers, ROM and PLA Designs. 7

Master-Slave and edge- triggered flip-flops, conversion design of flip-flops, shift registers, serial and parallel loading                                                                              3

Design of synchronous counters, Mod-k or Divide-by-k counters, Decade counter, BCD Counter, Ring counters, The Johnson or Twisted-ring counter, Counter Applications. 5

Multivibrators (Monostable, Astable, bistable). 2

Logic families : RTL, DTL, TTL, ECL & MOS, Calculation of noise margins and fan-out. 10

Reference Books

1.                   Digital Integrated Electronics - Taub and schilling

2.                   Microelectronics - Millman

3.                   Digital concept Using standard ICs – Sandige

4.                   M. Morris Mano: Digital Design. Third Edition, Prentice Hall 2002.

5.                   R. J. Tocci. Digital Systems: Principles and Applications, Fourth    Edition. PH, 1988.

EC402                                                Signals and Systems

L T P  CREDITS 3 1  0  4

Signals: Introduction, Types of signals, Continuous-time and discrete time signals.

Energy and Power, Transformations of the independent variable, Exponential and sinusoidal signals, Unit impulse and Unit sample signals,                                          4

Continuous-time and Discrete time systems and Basic system properties. 2

Linear time-invariant systems: Discrete and Continuous time systems, convolution sum, convolution Integral, Properties, causal LTI systems described by difference equations, singularity function. 3

Representation of periodic signal by Fourier: Continuous-time and discrete-time signals, Properties                                                                                                               8

Representation of aperiodic signals by Fourier Transform: Continuous-time and discrete-time signals, Properties, System characterized by linear constant coefficient differential equation. 8

Z-transform: The region of Convergence, Inverse z-transform, pole zero plot, Properties of z-transform, Analysis and characterization of LTI system using z-Transform. 6

Sampling: representation of Continuous-time signals by its samples, sampling theorem, Impulse train sampling, Sampling with zero order hold, Reconstruction of signal from its samples using interpolation, Aliasing. 6

Discrete time processing of continuous time signals, Digital differentiator, half sample delay, Sampling of Discrete-time signals, Decimation and interpolation. 3

Random signals: review of probability theory, Random variable: Continuous and Discrete, Description of Continuous Random variable, Statistical averages. Description of Discrete Random variable, Statistical averages. 6

Random processes: definition, properties and types. 3

Reference Books

(1)  Signals and Systems, A. V. Oppenheim, A. S Willsky, and S. H. Nawab, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Clieffs

(2)  Probability, random variables, and stochastic Processes, A. Papoulis, McGraw-Hill

(3)   Signals and Systems, B. P. Lathi

(4)  Signals and Systems, M. J. Roberts McGraw-Hill

EC403                                                Electromagnetic Theory

L T P  CREDITS 3 1  0  4

Overview of electrostatics and magnetostatics. [4]

Laplace and Poission’s equation, Solution of Laplace equation by separation of variables in Cartesian, cylindrical and spherical co-ordinates, cylindrical and spherical harmonics, Examples. [6]

Maxwell’s equations for static fields, their modifications for time-varying fields conducting and dielectric media. [4]

EM Wave equations and uniform plane waves, in free space and in lossy medium, g, a, b, l, vp, vg, and h, wave propagation in good dielectrics, in good conductors: Depth of penetration, Poynting vector and power flow, Reflection and refraction of EM Waves. [6]

Transmission lines : Transmission line equations, Parameters- primary and secondary constants, Reflection coefficient and SWR, Metched Transmission line, Impedance matching, Smith chart problems, Analogy of transmission lines with e.m. waves. [10]

Guided waves and Waveguides : Electric and magnetic fieldsin rectangular waveguide- TE, TM and TEM modes, Dominant modes, lc, lg, vp, vg,   Numerical examples.

[10]

Reference Books

1.        Electromagnetic waves and Radiating systems - E.C. Jordan and K.G. Balmain.

2.        Introductory course in electromagnetic fields - P.V. Gupta.

3.        Electromagnetics -           Hayt

4.        Fandamentals of Electromageatics -  M.A. Wazed Miyah

5.        Electromagnetic fields and waves -  V.V. Sarvate

6.        Electromagnetics -           B.B. Laud

EE403                                                ELECTRICAL MACHINES                       3-1-2-5

Principles of electromechanical energy conversion-energy, co-energy, forces of electromagnetic origin, singly- and multiply-excited systems, Transformer principles, Equivalent circuits, regulation and efficiency, three-phase transformers. Elements of rotating electric machinery, Speed and transformer e.m.f., commutator action, Armature windings, Torque production in D.C. machines, armature reaction, series, shunt and compound machines: Characteristics, Speed control and Starting, Efficiency and Testing of DC machines.

EE404                       MEASUREMENT & INSTRUMENTATION.

L T P  CREDITS 3 1  2  5

Principle of measurement and error analysis. Electrical instruments: DC & AC voltage and current meters, power and energy meters, extension of instrument ranges, potentiometers and bridges: Measurement of inductance and capacitance, Measurement of low, medium and high resistances, Electronic instruments for V,.I,.Z, Q, P, frequency and phase. Instrument Transformers and their application, Measurement of speed frequency and power factor, Introduction to transducers, Harmonic Analyzer and Power Analyzer, Transducers.

EE504                        INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS

L T P  CREDITS 3 1  2  5

Power Devices: SCR, Triac, BJT, MOSFET, IGBT & GTOs - operating characteristics and gate drive requirements and circuits. Review of line commutated converters, Principle of phase control, Half wave converters with R and RL loads, Full wave converters, Single phase half controlled and fully controlled bridge converters, Overlap angle, Three phase half controlled and fully controlled bridge converters, Dual converters, Cyclo converter, Inverters: Voltage source inverters:-single phase & six step inverters, voltage control & PWM strategies and implementation aspects, Linear mode and Switched Mode Power Conversion, Control Strategies, Hard switched and  Soft Switched Converter, Types of chopper, Applications- Static circuit breakers, UPS, Static frequency converter, Power factor control

EC501                          Antenna and Wave Propagation

L T P  CREDITS 3 1  0  4

Electromagnetic fields and its radiation : Maxwell’s equations, EM Waves, Plane wave equation and its solution for free space and non-conducting medium. 6

Structures of Antennas : Antenna size, supports, feeders, conductors & insulators. 6

Antenna Parameters : Isotropic radiator, Radiation resistance, Antenna resistance, Bandwidth, Beamwidth, Radiation pattern, Radiation intensity, Gain - Power gain Directive gain, Directivity, Antenna aperture, Efficiency, Effective aperture, effective length, Polarization, Voltage and Current relations. 8

Practical Antennas : VLF & LF transmitting antennas, Medium frequency and High frequency antennas, Long wire, Rhombic, V, Folded - dipole, Yagi, Horn and Parabolic reflector. 8

Radio Wave Propagation : Modes of propagation, Structure of Troposphere, Tropospheric Scattering, Ionosphere, Ionospheric Layers - D, E, F1, F2, regions. Sky wave propagation - propagation of radio waves through Ionosphere, Effect of earth’s magnetic field, Virtual height, Skip Distance, MUF, Critical frequency                                                                             10

Space wave propagation,                                                                                 2

Reference Books

1.             Antenna & Wave Propagation - K.D. Prasad

2.             Electromagnetic waves and Radiating Systems - E.C. Jordan & K.G. Balmain

3.             Antenna Theory and Practice - Rajeshwari Chatterjee

4.

Computer Organization

CS403                                                                                                L  T  P Credits

3  1  0    4

Representation of information: Number system, Integer and floating-point representation, character codes (ASCII, EEBCDIC), and Error detection and correction codes.

Central Processing Unit: ALU, Arithmetic and logic operations, faster algorithm and their implementation

Control Units: Hardwired and Micro Programmed design concept, Microprogramming

Memory: Memory types and organization, address decoding and selecting

Peripheral Devices: I/O devices (disk and tapes), Programmed interrupt control mechanism, I/O Controllers, DMA

Bus architectures: Uni-bus and multi-bus architectures.

Books and References:

Hamacher, “ Computer Organization,” McGraw hill. Tennenbaum,” Structured Computer Organization,” PHI B. Ram, “Computer Fundamentals architecture and organization,” New age international Gear C. w., “Computer Organization and Programming, McGraw hill Mano Moris, “ Computer system Architecture,” PHI

EC502                                              Electronic Circuits Design

L T P  CREDITS 3 1  2  5

Eber’s MoLL equation & its application                                                                       [3]

Two transistor amplifier stages (CC-CE, CC-CC and Darlington configurations. Cascode configuration). Large and small signal behavior of Emitter-coupled and source- coupled Paris (used in differential amplifier). [5]

Transistor current sources (simple current source, Widlan & Wilson current source) current source & Active locals. Level shifting, bias considerations. [5]

CE, CB & Emitter follower as output stages, Analysis of Monolithic OP AMPS. Design Considerations, Effect of bias current and input offset, band width and slewrate. [4]

Differentiate amplifiers : CMRR, Operational amplifiers, Application of OP AMP circuits: Summer Integrator, current converter instrumentation amplifier, non linear OP-AMP circuits, precisom rectifier linear half wave and full wave rectifier, sample and hold circuits, OP-AMP as comparator, Schmitt trigger, square and triangular wave generator log and antilog amplifiers, analog multipliers, capacitance multiplier, simulation of inductance using OP-AMP, zero crossing detector, Active filters. [12]

Oscillators : Phase shift, wein bridge and tuned oscillator. [2]

A/D converters & D/A converters. [3]

IC 555 application monostabe and astable operation. [3]

PLL : Principle, Definitors and applications. [3]

Reference Books

1.        Analysis & Design of Analog Ics.-   P.R. Gray & R.G. Meyer

2.        Op-amp and liner ICs  -  R.A. Gayakwad

3.        Op-amp and liner ICs  -  B.R. Coughlin & F.F. Driscoll

4.        Applications of Analog ICs - S. Soclof

EC503                                                Communication Systems

L T P  CREDITS 3 1  2  5

(1) Review of Signal Representation using Fourier series & Fourier Transforms. Power spectral density, Random signal theory, Random Variables, Random processes, Stationary, Time Averages and Ergodicity. (4)

(2) Analog Signal Transmission: Modulation                                                     (1)

(3) Amplitude Modulation: Equation for am wave, Modulation Index and Power relationships. (3)

(4) AM transmitter: Generation of AM. (3)

(5) AM demodulator: Theory and Mathematical analysis of Square Low detector, Envelope detector and synchronous detector. (3)

(6) DSB Modulation: Principle of nonlinear resistance, Balance modulator and Switching Modulator. (3)

(7) Generation of SSB Modulation: Filter method, Phase shift method and third method. (3)

(8) Time domain representation of SSB signal: Mathematical Derivation                        (2)

(9) SSB demodulator. (1)

(10) Frequency and phase modulation, Multiplexed Stereo       FM system                   (2)

(11) Generation of Frequency Modulation: Reactance modulator and Indirect method

(3)

(12) Radio receivers: Tunned radio frequency receiver, Superheterodyne receiver

Sensitivity and selectivity, selection of IF. (2)

(13) Block diagram and features of Communication Receiver. (1)

(14) FM receiver: block diagram, FM discriminates: slope detector, balance slope detector and phase discriminator. (2)

(15) Frequency division and Time division multiplexing. (1)

(16) Noise in Communication Systems: Thermal noise, Shot noise, S/N ratio, noise Equivalent bandwidth, noise temperature and noise figure. (4)

(17) Pulse modulation and Pulse Code Modulation, Differential pulse code modulation Delta modulation,                                                                                  (5)

Referece Books

1.        Electronics Communication Systems - G. Kennedy

2.        Digital and Analog communication systems - K.S. Shanmugham

3.        Electronics Communication Systems - Roddy and Coolen

4.        Principles of Communication Engineering - Umesh Sinha

5.        Principles of Communication Systems - Toab & Schilling

EE505                                    AUTOMATIC CONTROL SYSTEMS

Basic concepts of open loop and closed loop control. System modelling. block diagrams signal flow graphs, transfer function, and state space representation. Concepts of controllability, observability, minimality, stability, and sensitivity. Time domain and frequency domain analysis of control systems. Stability analysis using Routh-Hurwitz, Nyquist and root locus methods, phase margin, Gain margin. Compensator design using frequency domain and time domain methods like root locus, Bode plots, pole placement in time and frequency domain. Asymptotic observers

EC601                                    Digital Signal Processing

L T P  CREDITS 3 1  2  5

Review of Continuous - time signals and systems; Stability, Casuality; Time-invariance; LTI systems; Fourier transform; Properties of Fourier transform; Modulation property; Parseval’s relation; Auto-carrelation; Cross-correlation; The energy density spectrum; The power density spectrum. Discrete-time signals and systems, Fourier series representation of discrete-time periodic sequences; Fourier transform representation of discrete-time finite-duration sequences. 5

Analog filters; Butterworth filters; Chebyshev filters. 2

Digital filter structures; IIR filters; FIR Filters, Recursive filters; Non-recursive filters; Direct form, cascade, and parallel realizations; Linear phase filters. 6

Design techniques for FIR digital filters; Bilinear transformation method; Impulse invariance method; Design of FIR filters; Window functions. 8

The discrete Fourier transform (DFT); Computational aspect of DFT; Introduction to discrete Hilbert transforms. 3

Effects of finite register length in digital signal processing;                                                   2

Homomorphic signal processing                                                                                       2

Power spectrum estimation. 3

Multidimensional signal and system analysis, design and representation. Implicit and explicit sampling schemes, Fourier analysis                                                                           4

Multirate signal processing fundamentals. Decimation and Interpolation. Multirate filters. Two-channel filter banks. Uniform M- channel filter banks. Filter banks with polyphase structure. 6

Reference Books :

Discrete-time Signal Processing - A.V. Oppentiem and R.W. Schafer Digital Signal Processing - A.V. Oppentiem and R.W. Schafer Signals and Systems - A.V. Oppenheim, A.S. Willsky, and I.T. Young.

HS-501                                            Principles of Management                       2-1-0-3

Concept:

Definition of management,evolution of management thought,systems approach,process of decision making.

Functions of Management.

Planning,types of plans,major steps in managerial planning,Organizing,nature and purpose,process of organization,basic departmentation.

Coordination,nature purpose and process of coordination.

Supervision,Leadership:purpose,functions,types.

Communication,process of communication,effective communication,barriers to communication.

Motivation:what is motivation,factors involved,theories,motives in organization.

Controlling-Nature and purpose.

Management of change:forces of change,strategies of change,resistance to change.

Human Elements in management Factors in individual behaviour,Perception,Learning,Personalty development,Interpersonal relationship&group behaviour,Conflict managementStress management, ,sources of stress,vonsequences ,strategies of stress management.

Reference Books.

Koontz,H&Weihrich,H.Management:A Global Perspective 10th ed.

Robbins,S.P.Organizational Behaviour.

Prasad,L,M,Principles of management

EC602                                                Microwave Engineering

L T P  CREDITS 3 1  0  4

Introduction : Microwave frequencies, Standard Frequency bands, Behaviour of circuits at Conventional and microwave frequencies, Microwave application, Review of Maxwell’s equations                                                                                         4

Waveguide : Overview of guided waves; TE, TM and TEM modes,  circular wave guide, Choice of the type of waveguide dimensions, waveguide problems. 5

Microwave Components & Devices : Scattering matrix and its Properties, coupling probes, coupling loops, windows, Waveguide tuners, Termination, E-plane Tee, H-plane Tee, Magic Tee, Phase-Shifter, attenuators, Directional coupler, Gunn diode, Microwave transistor MASER, Resonator and circulators. 7

Microwave Genereators : Transit-time effect, Limitations of conventional tubes, Two-cavity and multi-cavity Klystrons, Reflex Klystron, TWT and Magnetrons. 7

Microwave Antennas : Directional characteristics of antennas. Dipole, folded dipole and Yagi antenna, Broadband, Antenna arrays, Horn antennas. Parabolic antenna, Lens antenna. 7

Microwave Measurements : Power measurement; Calorimeter method, Bolometer bridge method, thermocouples, Impedance measurement, Measurement of frequency and wavelength, Measurement of unknown loads, Measurement of reflection coefficient, VSWR and Noise, Microwave test bench. 10

Reference Books

1.        Microwave principles  - Herbert J. Reich

2.        Microwave – K.C. Gupta

3.        Microwave techniques – D.C. Agrawal

4.        Elements of Microwave Engg. – R. Chatterjee

5.        Electromagnetic Waves and Radiating System – Jordan Bellonan

6.        Microwave Devices & Circuits – Liao

EC603                                    Digital Communication

L T P  CREDITS 3 1  2  5

Introduction to digital communication systems, information and channel capacity, Entropy, Discrete and Continuous channels, Fano and Huffman’s coding. 5

Baseband data transmission systems, Error probability, ISI, pulse shaping, matched filters, M-ary signalling schemes, Equalization. Symbol synchronization. 5

Digital modulation schemes, ASK, PSK, FSK and QAM systems, Probability of error in digital modulation schemes, continuous phase carrier modulation, Modems,                                                                                  5

Digital transmission, Fading on multipath channels, Performance comparison of various digital modulation schemes. 4

Error control coding, Hamming distance, Linear block codes, Cyclic codes, Convolution codes, Code generation and detection methods, Viterbi coding and decoding practical applications of coding. Wavefrom coding,                       8

Adaptive Delta-modulation, Speech coding, Linear predictive coding, Subband coding Adaptive transform coding, Digital audio transmission and Digital Audio recording. 7

Introduction to spread spectrum communication systems direct sequence spread spectrum communication systems, frequency hoped spread spectrum systems, Other types of spread spectrum signals. 6

Reference Books

1.        Digital & Analog Communication Systems - K.S. Shammugham

2.        Digital Communication - J.G. Proakis

3.        Digital Communication - Simon Haykin

4.        Principles of Digital Communication - P. Chakravarti

5.        Wireless Digital Communication -  Kamilo Feher

6.        Digital Communication System Design - M.S. Roden

EC604                                    Microprocessor and its applications L T P  CREDITS 3 1  2  5 Introduction to Microprocessors: Evolution of microprocessors, Register structure, ALU, Bus Organization, Timing and Control.

Architecture of a 16-bit Microprocessor: Internal organization of 8086, Signal descriptions, Physical memory organization, BIU, EU, Minimum mode 8086 system and timings, Maximum mode 8086 system and timing.

Assembly Language Programming: Addressing modes, Instruction set, Assembler directives and Operators, Data movement instructions, Arithmetic and logic instructions, Program control instructions, Recursive procedures.

Special Architectural Features and Related Programming: Stack structure, Interrupts and Interrupt service routine, Interrupt programming, Macros, Timings and delays. Basic Peripherals and Their Interfacing: Memory interfacing, Interfacing I/O ports, Programmable Peripheral Interface (8255), Interfacing A/D and D/A converters.

Special Purpose Programmable Peripheral Devices and Their Interfacing: Programmable Interval Timer (8253/8254), Programmable Interrupt Controller (8259), Keyboard/Display Controller (8279), Programmable Communication Interface (8251), DMA Controller (8237/8257).

Microprocessor Applications: Interfacing scanned multiplexed displays and Liquid crystal displays, Interfacing matrix keyboard, Stepper motor interfacing, Case studies of microprocessor based systems, Standards for bus architecture and ports.

Reference Books

1. Microprocessor and Interfacing - D. V. Hall

2. Microprocessor System : The 8086/8088 family- Liu and Gibson

3. Advanced Microprocessors and Peripherals – Ray and Bhurchandi

4. Microprocessors and Microcomputer based System Design- Rafiquzzaman

5. The Intel Microprocessors 8086/8088, 80186/80188, 80286, 80386, Pentium, and Pentium Pro Processor – B. B. Brey.

EC605                                                VLSI Technology

L T P  CREDITS 3 1  0  4

Carrier concentration, Fermil level Drift of carrier in electrical and magnetic fields.

[3]

Carrier life time diffusion of carrier. [3]

PN Junctions:  Equilibrium condition, forward and reverse bias junction, reverse bias breakdown, Metal semiconductor junction. [3]

Field effect transistor: Junctions FET, Metal semiconductor FET and MOS FET Transistor. [3]

Fundamental of BJT operation minority carrier distribution and terminal currents, Secondary effects in transistor, Kirk effect. [4]

Introduction to monolithic integrated circuit. [1]

Diffusion. [6]

Lon implantation. [2]

Epitaxy. [2]

Oxidation. [5]

Photolithography and etching. [3]

Metallization. [3]

Future tends in VLSI. [2]

Reference Books :

Basic VLSI Design - Pucknell and Eshraghian Digital systems testing and testable design - M. Abramovici, M. Breuer & A.D. Fnedman

EC701                                    Data Communication & Networks

L T P  CREDITS 3 1  0  4

Fundamentals of Data Transmission, Asynchronous and synchronous transmission, Data Communication Protocols. 4

Data Communication Networks: Topology design issues, OSI-reference model, open system standards, service primitives, Other architectures, Connection oriented and connection less services. 5

Circuit switching, Packet switching, Message switching                                     2

Hybrid switching and ATM switching. Interface and standards- EIA RS232C, 442, 449 and others, Modem specifications. 4

Data link layer, LLC & MAC level protocols and design, issues IEEE 802 LAN Standards, framing, Error control, Flow control, HDLC, ALOHA and performance issues. Frame relay networks and performance parameters. LLC protocols,            7

Network layer design issues, Routing algorithms, Congestion control algorithm, Subnet concept, Virtual circuit and Data gram Subnet, Flow control, Internetworking, Bridges, Routers, Gateways and different level switches. 7

Transport level Fundamentals of TCP/IP, addressing schemes                                           4

ISDN systems, B-ISDN and ATM network fundamentals, Introduction of wireless network architectures, WATM, Network design issues, Fast Ethernet architecture and protocols.

6

Reference Books

Computer Network - Tanenbaum Telecommunication networks- M. Schwartz Data network - Basket and Gallager Data Communication, Computer network & open systems - F. Haball Computer Networks : An Engineering approach - S. Keshav

PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVE-I

EC703                                                Optical Communication

L T P  CREDITS 3 1  2  5

Fundamental of fiber optics, Different Generations of optical fiber communication systems, Optical fiber structure, Fiber types. 5

Modes in optical fiber signal degradation in optical fibers, fiber losses. 4

Optical sources, LED & ILD, Light source materials. Modulation capability

5

Photodetectors, PIN photodiode and Avalanche photodiodes, Photodetector noise. 4

Optical receiver performance calculations, Power lunching and coupling power coupling calculations, lensing schemes for coupling improvement. 6

Fiber joints, fiber fabrication, cables and connectors, fiber splices, link Analysis and fiber codes. 4

WDM, optical coupler and optical measurements. 4

Coherent optical systems. Methods of modulation, Heterodyne and Homodyne systems, Noise in coherent systems Multichannel coherent systems,. 6

Introduction to lightwave networks. 2

Reference Books :

Optical Communication - Keiser Optical fiber communication - J.M. Senior Optical fibres & Fibre Optical Communication Systems - Subir Kumar Sarkar

EC704                                    Digital Transmission

Representation of bandpass signals and systems, Representation of digitally modulated signals, Spectral characteristics of digitally modulated signals.

6

Detection of signals, Estimation : Concept and criteria, Maximum Likehood Estimation, Linear Prediction, Predictive vocoders, Steepest Descent Alogorithm, Least Mean square Algorithm. Speech coding, Picture coding.

10

Digital Signalling over fading multipath channels, Diversity Techniques, Coded Waveforms for fading channels, Linear Equalization, Decision feedback Equalization (DEF), Multilevel signaling, Optical fibre Communication, Optical fibre Sources and Detectors, Optical Coherent Systems. 12

Principle of digital switching, Time division switching, Space division switching, Switching network, SPC Processor, T-S-T network, S-T-S network, Traffic Analysis and Switch Design, Large Scale Electronics Switching System. 12

Reference Books

1.        Digital Communication - Simon  Haykin

2.        Digital Communication - Proakis

3.        Review of Digital Communication -J. Das

EC705                        Radar and Satellite Communication

L T P  CREDITS 3 1  2  5

I.         Radar :

Introduction : Principle of detection and ranging, Radar frequencies and bands. Applications, Radar block diagram and operation. 4

Radar Range Equation : Range prediction, Minimum detectable signal, Receiver noise SNR, Integration of radar pulses, Radar cross section of targets, Transmitter Power, PRF and system losses & Propagation effects. 6

CW FM Radar : Doppler effect, CW Radar, Frequency-modulated CW Radar, Multiple-frequency CW Radar. 5

MTI and Pulse Doppler Radar : MTI delay lines, Delay line Cancelers, Coherent and Non-Coherent MTI, Pulse Doppler Radar. 5

II. Satellite :

Introduction : Communication satellites, Orbiting satellites, Frequencies and bands, Satellite multiple access formats. 3

Satellite Channel : Power flow, Polarization, Atmospheric losses, Receiver noise, CNR, Satellite link analysis for uplinks and downlinks. 6

Satellite Transponder : Transponder model, Satellite signal processing RF-RF translation, IF demodulation. 5

Multiple-Access : FDMA; amplification with multiple FDMA carriers, AM/FM Conversion with FDMA, Switched FDMA, Synchronization, SS-TDMA; CDMA; DS CDMA, Frequency- hopped, CDMA. 6

Carrier recovery & bit timing. 1

Reference Books :

1.        Introduction to Radar Systems - M.I. Skolnik

2.        Radar Fundamentals - G.J. Wheeler.

3.        Radar Engineering - D.G. Rink

4.        Satellite Communication - R.M. Gagliardi

5.        Satellite Communication - T. Pratt & C.W. Boston

6.        Satellite Communication System Design Principles - M. Richharia

EC706                                    Digital Hardware Design

L T P  CREDITS 3 1  0  4

IEEE logic : Mixed logic representation, Review of POS and SOP minimization , Multi output function, Variable entered mapping, CAD tools for minimizing functions of more than six variables, ED-CR canonic form and minimization. 5

Iterative arrays- time and space iteration : examples of arithmetic and code conversion circuits, Wired logic, practical considerations fan in, fan-out and delay, partitioning functions. 7

Sequential Machines : Mealy and Moore machines, Counter design examples, State reduction and next state decoders, Multimode counters, Shift register sequencers, Timing   and triggering, Clock skew. 7

System controllers : functional partition and flow diagram development, State specification, State assignment and next state decoders, output decoders, Use of MSI decoders, multiplexer ROMs and Pips in system controllers, Programmable controllers - use of shift registers and counters, Controllers with fixed and variable instable instruction sets, Control sequencers, RTL description of simple machines, design from RTL descriptions. 10

Interfacing with microprocessors : Using custom PLAs and ROMs for interfacing, Displays, Floppy disk storage. 6

Asynchronous and synchronous serial data communication. 2

Asynchronous machines-analysis and design : races and hazards. 3

Reference Books 1.        An Engineering approach to Digital Design - W.I. Fleccher

2.        Microprocessors & Interfacing - D.V. Hall

3.        Digital Logic & Microprocessors - F.J. Hill & G.R. Peterson

PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVE-II

EC707                                    Micro Computer Based System Design

L T P  CREDITS 3 1  0  4

Review of general-purpose microprocessors; Single-chip microcomputers, special-purpose processors, Memory chips Support chips. 6

Digital interfacing : Interfacing a microprocessor, to keyboards and alphanumeric displays, Interfacing micro computer ports of high-power alphanumeric displays. Optical motor shaft encoders. 8

Analog interfacing, Process control digital algorithms, Microcomputer based industrial process control system. 8

Multiple microprocessor systems and Buses, Microcomputer system peripherals : Microcomputer displays, CRT terminals, Printer Mechanisms etc.                                    8

Reference Books

1.        Microprocessors and Interfacing - D.V. Hall

2.        Microcomputer Handbook – McCRINDLE

EC708                        Neural Network & Applications

L T P  CREDITS 3 1  0  4

1.                 Introduction- Basic of neural network. [2]

2.                  Basic learning process. [6]

3.                 Learning tasks,memory ,adoption. Linear least square filter:least mean square Algorithm. [6]

4.                 Perceptron, multilayaer perceptron:Back Propagation Algorithm. [6]

5.                 Uunsupervised learning. [3]

6.                 Intro, fixed weight competitive net. [3]

7.                 Winner take all learning,Counter propagation. [2]

8.                 Learning vector quantizer, adaptive resonance theory. [1]

9.                 Self organization map. [2]

10.             Recurrent network. [1]

11.             Intro to Hopfield Network. [2]

Reference Books :

1.        Neural Network : A Sysstematic Introduction - R. Rojas

2.        Neural Network - Simon Haykin

3.        Neural Network a Fundamental-Simon Haykin

4.                 Intro. To Artificial Neural System- Zurada.

5.                 An Introduction of Fuzzy control - D. Driankov

6.                 ATM Communication Network Control by Neural Network - A. Hiramalsu

EC709                                                Digital Image Processing

L T P  CREDITS 3 1  0  4

Introduction, Digital image representation, fundamental steps in image processing. Elements of Digital Image Processing Systems                                                               2

Human visual system and image perception, Image representation and odelling       2

Image sampling, 2D Sampling Theorem, Non-rectangular Grid Sampling, Optimal Sampling                                                                                                                      3

Image Quantization, Visual Quantization, Some basic relationship between pixels              2

Imaging Geometries: Basic transformation, Perspective transformation. Camera Model, Camera Calibration Stereo Imaging                                                                           4

Image transforms: 2D Orthogonal and Unitary Transforms Basis image, Properties of Unitary Transforms, 1D and 2D Discrete Fourier transform and its properties DCT, DST and its properties, Walsh, Hadamard Transform, Harr & Slant transform, KLT and other transforms                                                                                                            7

Image representation by stochastic model                                                                         2

Image enhancement: Spatial domain and frequency domain Methods, Enhancement by Point Processing, Histogram Modeling and equalization, Spatial Filtering, Enhancement in the Frequency domain                                                                          5

Image Restoration: Degradation model, Algebraic approach to restoration, Inverse Filtering, Wiener Filter, Theory and Applications, Constrained Least squares restoration. 5

Image analysis using multi-resolution techniques. 2

Image Data Compression, Image redundancies, Image Compression Models, Lossy and Lossless Compression, Pixel coding, Predictive coding,  Fidelity criteria. 3

Transform coding: Image Compression Standards                                                           3

Image segmentation: Line and Edge Detection, Detection of discontinuities, edge labelling and boundary detection, Thresholding. 3

Reference Books

Digital Image Processing –R. C. Gonzalez and P. Wintz Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing – A. K. Jain Digital Image Processing – C. Rafel & Paul Wintz Digital Picture Processing – A. Rosenfield & A.C. Kak Orthogonal Transform for Digital Signal Processing – N. Ahmad & K.R. Rao

EC710                                    Statistical Signal Processing

L T P  CREDITS 3 1  0  4

Review of probability theory and random variables: transformation (function) of random variables; conditional expectation; sequences of random variables: convergence of sequences of random variables. 4

Stochastic processes: wide sense stationary processes, orthogonal increment processes, Wiener process, and the Poisson process, KL expansion. Ergodicity, mean square continuity, mean square derivative and mean square integral of stochastic processes. 12

Stochastic systems: response of linear dynamic systems (e.g. state space or ARMA systems) to stochastic inputs; Lyapunov equations; correlational function; power spectral density function; introduction to linear least square estimation, Wiener and Kalman filtering. 12

Adaptive Systems: definition and characteristics, classification. Performance Criteria in Adaptive Systems. Analytical Techniques for Adaptive Systems. Automatic Methods of Process Identification. Cross Correlation. 12

EC801                                    Micro-Electronics and VLSI Design

L T P  CREDITS 3 1  2  5

Review of Microelectronics and VLSI fabrication process; Digital Systems and VLSI Transistors and Layout; C MOS and Bi CMoS devices basic building blocks, review of nMOS & CMoS; Inverters and gate design CMoS processing  technology; Design rules and tools, Combinational logic function, Static Complementary gates; Switch logic;  Combinational logic networks, Sequential machines; Circuit characterisation and performance estimation, Chip design options design verification tools; Testing; Design strategies for test, Chip level test techniques, System level test techniques, Design examples like, ALU pipeline Arch. and other major logic blocks, CAD and simulation algorithm for VLSI. Introduction and basis of VHDL and other design & synthesis tools.

1.        Microelectronics and review. [2]

2.        Introduction to MOS Circuits. [6]

3.        MOS Transistor theory, Sheet Resistance Area capacitance, Delay rise time and           Fall time Estimation. [4]

4.        Circuit Design Process. [3]

5.        Stick Diagram. [7]

6.        Sub system design for combinational & sequential logic circuits. [8]

7.        Design for testability. [5]

8.        BiC MOS Circuits. [5]

References :

1.  Basic VLSI design third edition – Douglas A. Pucknell.

2.  Modern VLSI design second edition – Wayne wolf [Pearson Education Asia PHI]

3.  Principles of C MOS VLSI design second edition – Neil H.E. Weste & K. Eshranghian [Addison-Wesley]

4.  VHDL Primer third edition – J. Bhasker [Prentice Hall PTR]

5.  Principles of CMOS VLSI Design – A system Perspective – Neil H.E. Weste and Kamran Eshraghian.

6.  Basic VLSI Design – Douglas A Pucknell & Kamran Eshraghian.

CMOS – Digital integrated circuits Analysis and Design – Sung-Mo Kang and Yusuf Leblebici.

EC806                                                      Optoelectronics

Stimulated and spontaneous emission, Einstein A and B coefficients the round trip gain, population inversion, basic requirements of a laser system, the lineshape function, linewidth and spectral broadening, laser cavity types – the Fabry Perot resonator, introduction to 3 & 4 level laser systems                                       3

Gain and efficiency of laser systems, pumping power at threshold gain saturation, laser cavity modes, single mode laser operation gain curves and hole burning, some population inversion mechanisms the He-Ne laser (a gas laser), the Nd:YAG laser (a solid state laser)                                                                             4

More examples of different laser types, the homojunction laser diode: construction, the mode volume and active region, waveguiding                                               3

The heterojunction laser diode, construction, the mode volume and active region waveguiding, comparison to homojunction laser diode, threshold current density for the homojunction                                                                                   4

Optical birefringence, the refractive index ellipsoid, the electro-optic effect: modulation of transmitted light, electro-optic modulator, the half wave voltage, optimising the sensitivity of the modulator                                                            4

Transverse electro-optic modulators, power requirements of electro-optic modulators, acousto-optic modulators (Bragg & Raman-Nath), Non-linear optical effects, second harmonic generation (SHG), phase matching                            5

Review basics of SHG, the coherence length in SHG, parametric oscillation            2

some examples of photo detectors: light dependent resistor (LDR), pyroelectric detectors, thermoelectric detectors, bolometers, photoelectric effect                  4

Photomultiplier tube (PMT): design and construction, supporting electronics, source of ‘noise’ in PMTs, shot noise, multiplication noise, Johnson noise 3

low noise limits of PMTs                                                                                        1

Photomultiplier tube (PMT) continued the minimum detectable signal minimum signal and signal : noise ratio                                                                   3

The photodiode: photovoltaic mode, photoconductive mode, mplified construction, P-I-N photodiode, Avalanche photodiode (APD), electrical response (bandwidth etc.), response time of APD and limiting factors, signal : noise ratio in APD, noise factors in APDs, the optimum gain of an APD,                          6

Fiber optic waveguides: the acceptance angle, intermodal dispersion, material dispersion, attenuation, fiber mode types, graded index fiber profile, formation of silica fibers, signal modulation, noise in fiber optic communications               6

EC807                                               MULTIMEDIA COMMUNICATIONS

The communication requirements associated with the different types of multimedia applications such as video telephony/teleconferencing, electronic mail, interactive TV, electronic commerce, web TV. (9)

Multimedia Information Representation, Text and Image compression, standards for Multimedia communications. (8)

Digital Communication Basics, operation of different kinds of networks, The Internet, Broadband ATM Networks, Entertainment Networks, high speed modems. (13)

4. New Communication protocols for use with these networks to meet the requirements of multimedia application, Transport Protocols, Application support functions, Internet Applications, The World Wide Web. (10)

References:

Fred Halsoll/ Multimedia communications: Applications, Networks, Protocols    and standards/ Pearson Education, Asia. Jean walrand & Pravin Varaiya/ High Performance communication Networks/ Harcourt Asia PTE Ltd James E.Shuman/ Multimedia in Action/ Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd.

PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVE-III

EC804                                    Switching Circuits and Fault Diagnosis

L T P  CREDITS 3 1  0  4

Switching Circuits: Functional Decomposition of Switching Functions, Symmetric Networks, Reduced and Minimal Network for Symmetric Functions, Identification of Symmetric Functions. (5)

Threshold Logic, Elementary Properties of Threshold Functions, Synthesis of Threshold networks, Identification and realization of Threshold Functions. (5)

Hazards: Static and Dynamic Hazards in digital circuits. (2)

Fault diagnosis test for combinational circuits: Fault Detection in Combinational Circuits, Fault Location Experiments, Boolean Differences, Fault detection by Path Sensitizating. (5)

Detection of multiple faults, Failure Tolerant Design, Quadded Logic. (5)

Sequential Circuits: Finite State Model, Synchronous Sequential Machines, Synthesis of Synchronous Sequential Circuits, Interactive Networks. (4)

Capabilities, minimization and transformation of sequential machines, Asynchronous sequential circuits. (5)

Fault diagnosis test for sequential circuits: Distinguishing Sequences, Homing Sequences, Synchronizing Sequences, Checking Experiments for Machine Identification, Diagnosable machine. (5)

Design of testable and fault tolerant systems, Application of Linear Sequential Circuits to Error Correction. (4)

EC805                                                Wireless communication

L T P  CREDITS 3 1  0  4

Introduction to mobile communication systems                                                  2

Cellular concept and system design fundamentals, channel assignment strategies, Hand-off strategies. Interference and system capacity. Improving capacity in cellular systems. 6

Mobile radio propagation, Ground reflection model, diffraction sculpturing, Indoor propagation models, outdoor propagation models, ray tracing and site specific ignallin. 6

Modulation techniques for mobile radio, diversity and channel coding. 4

RAKE Receiver multiple access techniques for mobile communication, capacity of cellular systems,                                                                                                       6

Introduction to wireless networking Development of wireless network, wireless data services, Common channel signalling,                                                                                   7

Protocols for network access network databases                                                         4

Universal mobile telecommunication systems                                                     2

wireless systems and standards. 4

Reference Books :

1.        Wirless Communication : Principle and practice – T.S. Rappaport

2.        Mobile Communication – Schwartz

PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVE-IV

EC808                                    Computer Architecture

L T P  CREDITS 3 1  0  4

Introduction to parallel processing. 2

Principles of pipelining and vector processing. 4

SIMD and MIMD models of Computation: Parallel and distributed - computing,                                                                                                           7

Interconnection network,                                                                                 5

Parallel algorithms for multiprocessors. 5

Performance evaluation. Case studies,                                                  5

Data flow Computers                                                                                       4

RISC architecture,                                                                                           4

Fault tolerant systems. 4

Reference Books :

Computer systems architecture- Goup Baer Jean The architecture of pipelined computer- P.M. Kogge Computer architecture and parallel processing - K. Hwang & F.A. Briggs EC809                                    ATM Networks and B-ISDN

L T P  CREDITS 3 1  0  4

Overview of ISDN and basic concepts of B-ISDN; Overview of ATM; Comparison to X.25, Frame relay and Ethernet; ATM basis, Pathes, Channels and Connections, Cell switching ATM switch Architecture, Banyan networks. 10

ATM reference model, ATM physical layer, ATM layer, ATM Adaption layer details. 6

Signalling schemes for ATM networks,                                                 4

Traffic Management in ATM networks, CBR, VBR, ABR and UBR service classes connection Admission control                                                           6

ATM internetworking wireless ATM networks                                     4

Mobility management and Handoff in wireless ATM networks              5

ATM in WANs and ATM in LANs. 5

Reference Books

1.        ATM Communication Network Control by Neural Network - A. Hiramalsu

2.        ATM Communication Network - Onvirall

3.        ATM Networks : Concepts, Protocals, Applications - Rainer Handel and Manfred N. Huber

4.        Asynchronous Transfer Mode - Solution for Broadband IDSN - Martin D. Prycker

EC810      ARCHITECTURE AND APPLICATIONS OF DIGITAL PROCESSORS

Review of DSP fundamentals. (4)        Issues involved in DSP processor design-Speed, Cost accuracy, pipelining, Parallelism, Quantization error. (8) Key DSP hardware elements, Multiplier, ALU Shifter, Address generator. (6)

ADSP 2100 and 21000 family. Architecture and Instruction Set. (8) Software Developments tools, Assembler, linker and Simulator. (4)  Applications using DSP processor-Spectral Analysis, FIR/IIR filter, Linear predictive coding. (8)

References:

1.       Oppenheim. A.V., and Schafer, R.W./ Digital Signal Processing/ Prentice Hall.

2.       Kung, S.Y. 1988./ VLSI array Processors/ Prentice Hall.

3.       Lee, E.A. 1988./ Programmable DSP architectures: Part 1./ IEEE ASSP Magazine 4-19.

4.       Yuen, C.K., Beauchamp, K.G. and Fraser, D. 1989/ Microprocessor Systems in Signal Processing/ San Diego: Academic Press.

EC811                                                Embedded Systems

L T P  CREDITS 3 1  0  4

Introduction to issues in embedded system                                                       4

Design using microcontrollers                                                               6

Microcontroller architecture, memory interfacing                                               8

serial and parallel I/O interfacing, analog interfacing, interrupt synchronization

10

Embedded software. 10

EC812                                                Wireless LANS

Radio Technologies: Overview, Spread Spectrum, Channel Sets, 802.11 IEEE Standards, Association Process, Diversity Antennas

Wireless LAN Topologies : What is a WLAN?, Single Cell of Coverage, Multiple Cells of Coverage, Wireless Repeater, System Redundancy (Hot Standby), Peer to Peer (Ad Hoc) , Multi-Rate and Gear Shifting, Overlapping Coverage , 340/350 Comparison, In Line Power , Home Base Station

Wireless LAN Products: Access Points, Client Devices, Accessories

Basic Antenna Theory: Directionality, Gain, Cisco Antennas

Client Device Configuration: Windows Drivers, Aironet Client Utility

Basic Access Point Configuration: Access Point LEDs, Setup of Network Ports, Statistics, Setup of Association Parameters, Firmware Upgrade and Distribution, SNMP Setup, Set Up of Event Logs

Home Base Station Configuration: Base Station Client Utility, BSM Configuration, BSE Configuration, Client Configuration,

Security: 802.11 and WEP, WEP Configuration, 802.11 Security Issues, Next Generation Security, 802.1x, EAP/LEAP, Radius Serve

References:

1.                  Microwave Engineering, 2nd edition, David M. Pozar, John Wiley & Sons