User talk:Kyawmoetun

TO BE READ::::

1) Iran 2) Iraq (reading) 3) Cyrus the Great 4) Cyrus Cylinder 5) United States-Iran relations 6) Alexander the Great 7) Silk Road 8) Parthia 9) Zoroastrianism 10) Zoroaster 11) Islamic Golden Age 12) Hadith 13) the renaissance 14) Genghis Khan 15) Iran-Iraq war

summary
IRAN

Four Empires: 1) Median empire(728–550 BCE) 2) Achaemenian empire(648–330 BCE)- established by Cyrus the Great who is the first charter of Human Rights, followed by Darius who is arguably the greatest Persian ruler 3) Parthian Empire (248 BCE – 224 CE) 4) Sassanian Empire (224 – 651 CE)

5) From the Fall of the Sassanian Empire to 1500 CE: Iran got to its peak in many aspects such literature(Ferdowsi who is regarded as the greatest epic poet), science( Islamic Golden Age), and culture. 6) During this time, there was Turkish invasion from the Khorasan during the eleventh century, followed by the Mongol invasion by Genghis Kan during the 13th century. 7) Shi'a Islam, Safavid Empire and Qajars (1501 – 1920) 8) 1921- 1979: Mohammed Mossadegh became the prime minister of Iran, who nationalised the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company, infuriating the British Government. The British then embargo Iran. The British Intelligence Service Invited the president of the US, Harry S. Truman, to join in their action, but he refused. When the new president, Dwight D. Eisenhower, arose, the BIS told him that Mossadegh was the communist(although he is the avowed anti-communist), resulting in the intervention of CIA. Then, the new US-supported government(the Shah) was criticized by Khomein, who went into exile. 9) 1979-1988: Many Iranians demonstrated against the Shah, who left the country. Khomeini became the leader of the Islamic revolution, the founder of the Islamic Republic of Iran. It reversed all the pro-American policies,a nd established very strong Islamic country. 10) Iran-Iraq war: Suddan Hussein in Iraq saw a good opportunity for him to make himself the strongman of the Middle-east. Since the revolutionary Iran has totally cut the relationship with the US, he wanted to invade Iran, one province of which, Khuzestan, is very rich in oil and has a big Arab population. He said that his forces could reach to the capital of Iran in three days, and invaded Iran in 1980. Iraqi troops use chemical weapons in waging the war. Although Khomeini refused the cease-fire in 1982, and he demanded the reparations. The war continued for 6 more years. But in 1988, he accepted the truce mediated by the UN. 11) The United States helped built the nuclear plant in 1950s, but when the islamic revolution occured, everything stopped. But the new government tried to develop the nuclear plants again, claiming that they want to use it for other purposes, rather than as the weapons. The UN demanded to stop the nuclear processes, but finally imposed sanctions on Iran.

Iraq

1) One of the four founders of the civilizations. 2) Generally referred to as the Mesopotamia 3) the Sumerian culture followed by the Akkadian, Babylonian, and Assyrian cultures. 4) In the sixth century BC, it became a part of the Persian Empire under Cyrus the Great until Alexander the Great conquered the area. 5) The mongols devasted the area, and the Ottoman empire occupied the area untilt WWI, when the Ottomans sided with Germany and Central Powers. 6) According to the Sykes-Picot Agreement between the UK and France on the Middle-east, UK got the mandate over Iraq, and the Palestine ( Palestine, and Transjordan). 7) Iraq got independence from the British in 1932 with the emergence of King Ghazi of Iraq. 8) the UK invaded Iraq for to secure the oil supplies, then restored the Hashemite monarchy, which lasted until 1958 when it was overthrown by a coup of Iraq army known as the 14 JUly revolution. The Brigadier Abdul Karim Qassim came to attian the power, who established good relationships with the Soviet Union. But he was again overthrown by Colonel Abdul Salam Arif came to the scene, but he died in 1966, and his brother got the power. But he was again overthrown by the Socialist Baath Party, which came to be under the rule of Saddam Hussein. 9) Iran-Iraq war began